Unit 1 Friendship (单元测试·南通专用）英语译林版2024八年级上册

2025-2026学年八年级上册英语单元测试（南通专用） Unit 1·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：120分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分) 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. My cousin is ______ than me. She always comes up with creative ideas to solve problems. A. cleverer B. more clever C. cleverest D. the most clever 2. Among all the students in our class, Lucy is ________ at playing the piano. She won first prize in the school music competition last month. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 3. My best friend often ________ me to keep trying when I want to give up on difficult math problems. A. encourages B. invites C. refuses D. stops 4. —Why do you like staying with Lily? —Because she has a good sense of humor. Her jokes always make me ________ happily. A. cry B. laugh C. shout D. sleep 5. This storybook is ________ than the one I read last week. I’m more interested in it now. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 6. —Is your brother ________ enough to help you with your homework? —Yes. He always listens carefully and explains things clearly to me. A. careless B. helpful C. useless D. hopeful 7. You can ________ the meaning of the new word from the context. The sentences around it usually give some useful hints. A. guess B. forget C. miss D. create 8. —How was your trip to the old town yesterday? —It was wonderful. The streets were full of ________ things. I bought many special gifts for my friends. A. harmful B. colorful C. meaningless D. sleepless 9. Tom is ________ than his twin brother Tim. He often shares his toys and helps classmates with their schoolwork. A. kind B. kinder C. kindest D. the kindest 10. —I feel ________ because I failed the English exam again. —Don’t worry. I’ll help you review lessons every weekend. A. cheerful B. excited C. down D. proud 二、完形填空。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A True Friend in Digital Age In the age of smartphones and social media, many people think "friends" are just names on a screen. But 11______ 14-year-old Wang Yu, a true friend is someone who stands by you, even when you’re not online. Wang Yu met Li Jia at a summer camp for robot lovers last year. Li Jia was quiet at first, but Wang Yu found she was 12______ in building robots. They spent hours discussing how to improve their robot models and soon became close friends. One month ago, Wang Yu’s robot project for the school competition 13______ a problem. His main circuit board (电路板) broke, and he had no money to buy a new one. He felt 14______ and even wanted to give up. When Li Jia found out, she didn’t just send a "cheer up" message. She 15______ her own pocket money to buy a new circuit board and brought it to Wang Yu’s home the next day. "I know how important this project is to you," Li Jia said. "We’re friends, and friends help each other out, not just chat online." Wang Yu was deeply moved. With Li Jia’s help, his robot 16______ the second prize in the competition. After that, Wang Yu realized that true friendship isn’t about 17______ posts or likes. It’s about being there when your friend needs you. They still use WeChat to talk every day, but they also 18______ time meeting in person—playing basketball, visiting science museums, or just sitting in a café and sharing stories. Last week, Li Jia had a hard time with her English exam. She got a low score and felt 19______. Wang Yu didn’t laugh at her. Instead, he made a study plan for her and helped her practice English speaking every evening. "Li Jia helped me when I was in trouble," Wang Yu said. "Now it’s my turn to 20______ her." In a world where many relationships are based on digital interactions, Wang Yu and Li Jia’s friendship shows that true friends still 21______ the old ways—caring, supporting, and being present. They 22______ that no matter how advanced technology becomes, a friend’s kindness and help are always more 23______ than any online message. Their story has also inspired other students in their class. Many of them now spend less time 24______ on social media and more time hanging out with their friends in real life. "Wang Yu and Li Jia taught us that friendship is not just a digital connection," said their classmate Zhang Tao. "It’s something real and 25______." 11. A. for B. with C. about D. like 12. A. bored B. interested C. tired D. worried 13. A. solved B. found C. faced D. avoided 14. A. cheerful B. hopeful C. helpless D. useful 15. A. saved B. lent C. borrowed D. used 16. A. won B. lost C. missed D. beat 17. A. reading B. writing C. posting D. deleting 18. A. take B. spend C. cost D. pay 19. A. happy B. excited C. sad D. proud 20. A. help B. teach C. tell D. ask 21. A. follow B. forget C. change D. stop 22. A. wonder B. believe C. doubt D. fear 23. A. expensive B. important C. difficult D. interesting 24. A. playing B. working C. chatting D. studying 25. A. valuable B. common C. easy D. funny 三、阅读理解。(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) （A） Friendship in Different Cultures Friendship is a universal (普遍的) part of human life, but the way people build and keep friendships can be very different in different cultures. In Western countries like the US and the UK, friendships are often based on shared interests. People make friends with others who like the same sports, music, or hobbies. These friendships can be casual (随意的)—you might meet a friend for coffee once a week, but you don’t have to talk to them every day. Westerners also value independence in friendships. They usually don’t ask their friends for too much help, because they don’t want to seem "needy". In Eastern countries like China and Japan, friendships are more about loyalty (忠诚) and support. People often build deep, long-lasting friendships with a small group of people. These friends are like family—they help each other with big things, like finding a job or taking care of family members. In China, it’s common for friends to meet often and share their daily lives. They might call or message each other every day, and they feel responsible (有责任的) for their friends’ happiness. In some Middle Eastern countries, friendship is even more important. People often invite friends to their homes for meals, and they spend a lot of time together. Middle Easterners value trust and honesty in friendships. Once you become friends with someone, they will stand by you no matter what. They also often help their friends with money or other needs, and they expect the same in return. No matter what culture you are from, friendship is about caring for others. Understanding these differences can help you make friends with people from all over the world. 26. What are Western friendships often based on? A. Loyalty. B. Shared interests. C. Daily support. D. Family-like connection. 27. What do Westerners value in friendships? A. Independence. B. Asking for help. C. Daily communication. D. Big favors. 28. In China, friendships are more about ______. A. casual meetings B. shared hobbies C. loyalty and support D. less communication 29. What do we know about friendship in Middle Eastern countries? A. People have many casual friends. B. Friends rarely help each other with money. C. Trust and honesty are very important. D. People don’t invite friends to their homes. （B） AI Helps Students with Friendship Problems Many teenagers face difficulties in making or keeping friends. Now, a new AI tool called "Friendship Helper" is helping students solve these problems. The AI tool was created by a team of education experts and computer scientists. It works by asking students questions about their friendship problems—like "I feel left out when my classmates play together" or "My friend never listens to me". Then, it gives personalized (个性化的) advice based on the students’ answers. For example, if a student says they feel left out, the AI might suggest, "Try joining your classmates’ game by asking, ‘Can I play too?’ Most people are happy to include others." If a student’s friend doesn’t listen, the AI could advise, "Tell your friend how you feel by saying, ‘I want to share my ideas with you—could you listen for a minute?’" The AI also has a "practice" part. Students can role-play (角色扮演) difficult conversations with the AI. For instance, they can practice asking a classmate to be their friend, or talking to a friend who is angry with them. This helps students feel more confident when they have real conversations. So far, the AI tool has been used in 50 middle schools in Guangdong. A survey shows that 80% of students who used the tool said their friendship problems got better. "I used to be afraid to talk to my classmates," said 13-year-old Liu Tao. "The AI told me simple ways to start a conversation, and now I have three new friends." However, experts remind students that the AI is just a helper. "True friendship needs real communication and care," said Dr. Zhang, one of the tool’s creators. "The AI can give advice, but students still need to talk and spend time with their friends in real life." 30. What is "Friendship Helper"? A. A new book about friendships. B. An AI tool to help with friendship problems. C. A team of education experts. D. A survey about friendship. 31. How does the AI tool work? A. It talks to students’ friends directly. B. It gives the same advice to all students. C. It asks questions and gives personalized advice. D. It helps students do homework about friendships. 32. What can students do in the "practice" part? A. Play games with their friends. B. Role-play difficult conversations. C. Ask the AI to do homework for them. D. Share their friendship stories with others. 33. What do experts remind students? A. The AI can solve all friendship problems. B. Students don’t need real friends anymore. C. The AI is just a helper—real friendship needs real care. D. Students should use the AI every day. （C） The History of Mid-Autumn Festival The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. It has a history of more than 3,000 years. In ancient times, people held ceremonies to worship (祭拜) the moon god in autumn. They believed the moon god could bring them good harvests (丰收). During the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the festival became more popular. People started to have family gatherings and eat mooncakes on this day. Mooncakes were originally (最初) used as offerings to the moon god, but later they became a traditional food for the festival. In the Song Dynasty (960-1279), the Mid-Autumn Festival became an official (官方的) festival. The emperor would hold big celebrations, and ordinary people also enjoyed the day. They would decorate their houses with lanterns, drink wine, and admire the full moon. It was also a time for young people to express their love—boys would give girls gifts like fans or jewelry under the moon. Today, the Mid-Autumn Festival is still celebrated in many ways. Families get together to have a big dinner, eat mooncakes of different flavors (口味) like lotus seed (莲子) and red bean, and watch the full moon. In some places, people also hold lantern shows or dragon dances. The Mid-Autumn Festival is not just a Chinese festival. It is also celebrated in other Asian countries like Vietnam, Korea, and Japan, but with different traditions. For example, in Vietnam, people make "moon cakes" made of sticky rice (糯米) instead of the Chinese-style mooncakes. In Korea, families gather to eat a special soup called "chuseok guk" during their Mid-Autumn Festival (called Chuseok). 34. How long is the history of the Mid-Autumn Festival? A. More than 1,000 years. B. More than 2,000 years. C. More than 3,000 years. D. More than 4,000 years. 35. What did people do to worship the moon god in ancient times? A. They had family gatherings. B. They held ceremonies. C. They ate mooncakes. D. They watched lantern shows. 36. When did the Mid-Autumn Festival become an official festival? A. In the Tang Dynasty. B. In the Song Dynasty. C. In the Ming Dynasty. D. In the Qing Dynasty. 37. What do people in Vietnam eat during their Mid-Autumn Festival? A. Chinese-style mooncakes. B. Sticky rice "moon cakes". C. Chuseok guk. D. Lotus seed soup. （D） A Special Friendship Between a Girl and a Dolphin 12-year-old Mia lives near the coast of Australia. She loves swimming, but she used to be very shy and afraid to talk to other kids. That changed when she met a dolphin named Echo. Mia first saw Echo at a marine park (海洋公园) during a school trip. Echo was friendly and swam close to Mia when she stood by the pool. The park’s trainer told Mia that Echo was good at communicating with humans. Mia started visiting the park every weekend to see Echo. Every time Mia visited, she would talk to Echo about her problems—like how she felt nervous to speak in class, or how no one asked her to play at recess. She was surprised that Echo seemed to listen—she would nod her head or make soft sounds. Mia felt like Echo was her friend. With Echo’s "company", Mia became more confident. One day, the park held a "dolphin show" where kids could swim with Echo. Mia wanted to join, but she was scared. Then she looked at Echo, who was waiting for her in the pool. Mia took a deep breath and jumped in. She swam with Echo for 15 minutes, and the audience cheered for them. After that day, Mia started talking to other kids at school. She even joined the school’s swimming team. "Echo helped me realize that I’m brave," Mia said. "She’s not just a dolphin—she’s my best friend." The park’s trainer said, "Dolphins are very smart animals. They can sense (感知) human emotions. Echo probably noticed that Mia was shy, and she tried to make her feel comfortable." Now, Mia still visits Echo every weekend. She brings Echo fish as a gift, and they swim together. Mia’s parents are happy to see their daughter become more outgoing. "Echo is a special friend," said Mia’s mom. "She helped Mia find her confidence." 38. Why did Mia use to be afraid to talk to other kids? A. She was shy. B. She didn’t like swimming. C. She lived far from school. D. She didn’t have any hobbies. 39. How did Echo make Mia feel? A. Scared. B. Comfortable. C. Nervous. D. Angry. 40. What did Mia do after swimming with Echo in the show? A. She stopped visiting the park. B. She became more confident and talked to other kids. C. She left the school’s swimming team. D. She started to be afraid of swimming again. 四、信息还原。（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Keep a Friendship Strong Friendship is like a small tree—it needs to be taken care of to grow strong. 41. ________ Here are some ways to keep your friendship strong. First, keep in touch. Life is busy, but you should make time for your friend. You can send a short message, make a phone call or meet for a cup of milk tea. 42. ________ For example, if your friend has an important exam, send a message to encourage him. If he wins a competition, call him to say “congratulations”. These small actions show you care about him. Second, be honest with each other. Honesty is the foundation (基础) of friendship. If you make a mistake, tell your friend the truth and apologize. 43. ________ If your friend shares a secret with you, don’t tell others. Trust is hard to build but easy to break. Third, support each other in good and bad times. When your friend is happy, share his joy. When he is sad or in trouble, be there for him. 44. ________ For example, if your friend fails a test, help him analyze his mistakes and make a study plan. If he wants to try a new hobby, like learning to play the guitar, encourage him and cheer for his progress. True friends stand by each other no matter what. Fourth, respect each other’s differences. You and your friend may have different hobbies, opinions or lifestyles. 45. ________ For example, if you like reading but your friend likes playing sports, you can try his hobby together and he can try yours. Respecting differences makes your friendship more interesting and colorful. A. Don’t keep secrets from your friend. B. If you don’t take care of it, it may die. C. You don’t have to agree with everything your friend says. D. It doesn’t matter how you keep in touch—what matters is that you do it. E. Friends should always have the same hobbies and opinions. F. You can also celebrate important days together, like birthdays or festivals. G. Never support your friend when he is wrong. 五、综合填空。（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，或根据上下文在空白处填入一个适当的词，使短文通顺、完整。 Friendship is one of the most precious things in life. A good friend can make your life 46. ________ (colorful) and help you through difficult times. Last year, I met my best friend, Emma, at a school art club. She is a 47. ________ (cheer) girl with big bright eyes and short curly hair. Emma is very 48. ________ (help)—she always shares her art supplies with me and teaches me how to draw better. When I first joined the club, I was very shy and afraid to talk to others. Emma noticed my problem and 49. ________ (encourage) me to make more friends. She introduced me to other club members and invited me to join their activities. Emma is also 50. ________ (honest) friend. She never lies to me and always tells me the truth, even when it’s not easy. Once, I copied my classmate’s homework because I was too lazy to do it myself. Emma found out and told me that it was wrong. She said, “Real friends should help each other be better, not let each other do bad things.” Her words made me feel 51. ________ (ashamed), but I also knew she was right. I apologized to my teacher and promised to do my own homework from then on. With Emma’s help, I have become 52. ________ (confident) than before. I can now speak in front of the class and have more friends. We often spend weekends together—sometimes we go to the park to draw, sometimes we visit the art museum, and sometimes we just stay at home and talk about our dreams. I think Emma is the 53. ________ (wonderful) friend I have ever had. She has taught me the importance of 54. ________ (be) kind, honest and brave. I hope our friendship 55. ________ (last) forever. 六、首字母填空。（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺。 Friendship in Traditional Chinese Culture In traditional Chinese culture, friendship is highly valued. People often say, "A friend in need is a friend indeed." This old saying tells us that true friends will stand by us when we are in t56______. One of the most famous stories about friendship in Chinese history is the story of "Guan Zhong and Bao Shuya". They were good friends who supported each other through difficult times. Bao Shuya believed in Guan Zhong’s talents, even when others didn’t. Later, Guan Zhong became a great official and helped his country become strong. He always said that he couldn’t have succeeded w57______ Bao Shuya’s help. This story shows that true friends trust and support each other. In traditional Chinese culture, friends often use special words to d58______ their friendship. For example, "Jin Lan Friends" refers to friends who make a promise to support each other like family. They share joys and sorrows, and they are always there for each other. Another important part of friendship in traditional Chinese culture is r59______. Friends should respect each other’s opinions and feelings. They shouldn’t force their own ideas on each other. They also should be h60______—lying to a friend is considered very bad. Today, many of these traditional ideas about friendship are still kept. Chinese people still believe that true friendship is based on trust, support, and respect. They also believe that friendship takes time to grow. You can’t become true friends with someone in a day; it n61______ patience and care. In modern China, people make friends in many ways—at school, at work, or through hobbies. But no matter how they meet, the v62______ of true friendship remain the same. A good friend will help you when you are in trouble, listen to you when you are sad, and celebrate with you when you are happy. Friendship is also an important part of Chinese festivals. During festivals like the Spring Festival or the Mid-Autumn Festival, friends often visit each other, exchange gifts, and share meals. These moments help s63______ their friendship. In conclusion, friendship has always been an important part of Chinese culture. It is a v64______ that has been passed down from generation to generation. As the old saying goes, "True friendship is more valuable than gold." We should all cherish our friends and work hard to keep our friendships s65______ and long-lasting. 七、任务型阅读。（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。 Friendship Among Elderly People in China In recent years, more and more elderly people in China have been building strong friendships, which bring them joy and support in their later lives. Ms. Wang, 72 years old, lives in Beijing. She made friends with three other women—Ms. Li, Ms. Zhang, and Ms. Zhao—at a community garden five years ago. Every morning, they meet at the garden to do tai chi (太极) together. After that, they sit on a bench and chat about their daily lives—their children, their grandchildren, or interesting things they saw on TV. "Before I met them, I felt very lonely," Ms. Wang said. "My children work in other cities, so I live alone. But now, I look forward to every morning because I know I will see my friends." These four friends also help each other in many ways. Last year, Ms. Li fell and hurt her leg. Ms. Wang, Ms. Zhang, and Ms. Zhao took turns visiting her and bringing her meals. They also helped her clean her house and take care of her plants. "They are like my family," Ms. Li said. "I don’t know what I would have done without them." Another group of elderly friends in Shanghai has a different way of staying connected. They formed a "book club" three years ago. Every Saturday afternoon, they meet at a community center to read and discuss books. Most of the books they read are about Chinese history or traditional culture. "Reading together helps us learn new things, and discussing the books brings us closer," said Mr. Chen, 78 years old. "We also share our own stories and experiences while talking about the books. It’s very interesting." These friendships are not just fun—they also have many health benefits. Studies show that elderly people with strong friendships are less likely to feel lonely or depressed (抑郁的). They also have better physical health, because they are more active and take better care of themselves when they have friends to support them. Many communities in China are now encouraging elderly people to make friends. They organize activities like tai chi classes, book clubs, and craft (手工) workshops. These activities give elderly people a chance to meet others and build new friendships. "We want to help elderly people live happy and healthy lives," said a community worker in Guangzhou. "Friendship is an important part of that." 66. Where did Ms. Wang meet her three friends? 67. What do Ms. Wang and her friends do every morning? 68. How did Ms. Wang, Ms. Zhang, and Ms. Zhao help Ms. Li when she fell and hurt her leg? 69. What do the elderly book club members in Shanghai do every Saturday afternoon? 70. What benefits do elderly people get from having strong friendships? 八、书面表达。(20分) 假设你校英文报正在举办以 “True Friendship” 为主题的征文活动，请你根据以下要点，写一篇短文投稿，介绍你对真挚友谊的理解以及你与挚友的故事。 要点： 1. 你认为真挚友谊应具备的重要品质（至少两点）； 2. 分享一个你与挚友之间体现真挚友谊的小故事； 3. 你从这段友谊中获得的感悟。 要求： 1. 词数 80-100（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 True Friendship True friendship is one of the most precious things in life. In my opinion, 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2025-2026学年八年级上册英语单元测试（南通专用） Unit 1·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：120分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分) 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. My cousin is ______ than me. She always comes up with creative ideas to solve problems. A. cleverer B. more clever C. cleverest D. the most clever 2. Among all the students in our class, Lucy is ________ at playing the piano. She won first prize in the school music competition last month. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 3. My best friend often ________ me to keep trying when I want to give up on difficult math problems. A. encourages B. invites C. refuses D. stops 4. —Why do you like staying with Lily? —Because she has a good sense of humor. Her jokes always make me ________ happily. A. cry B. laugh C. shout D. sleep 5. This storybook is ________ than the one I read last week. I’m more interested in it now. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 6. —Is your brother ________ enough to help you with your homework? —Yes. He always listens carefully and explains things clearly to me. A. careless B. helpful C. useless D. hopeful 7. You can ________ the meaning of the new word from the context. The sentences around it usually give some useful hints. A. guess B. forget C. miss D. create 8. —How was your trip to the old town yesterday? —It was wonderful. The streets were full of ________ things. I bought many special gifts for my friends. A. harmful B. colorful C. meaningless D. sleepless 9. Tom is ________ than his twin brother Tim. He often shares his toys and helps classmates with their schoolwork. A. kind B. kinder C. kindest D. the kindest 10. —I feel ________ because I failed the English exam again. —Don’t worry. I’ll help you review lessons every weekend. A. cheerful B. excited C. down D. proud 二、完形填空。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A True Friend in Digital Age In the age of smartphones and social media, many people think "friends" are just names on a screen. But 11______ 14-year-old Wang Yu, a true friend is someone who stands by you, even when you’re not online. Wang Yu met Li Jia at a summer camp for robot lovers last year. Li Jia was quiet at first, but Wang Yu found she was 12______ in building robots. They spent hours discussing how to improve their robot models and soon became close friends. One month ago, Wang Yu’s robot project for the school competition 13______ a problem. His main circuit board (电路板) broke, and he had no money to buy a new one. He felt 14______ and even wanted to give up. When Li Jia found out, she didn’t just send a "cheer up" message. She 15______ her own pocket money to buy a new circuit board and brought it to Wang Yu’s home the next day. "I know how important this project is to you," Li Jia said. "We’re friends, and friends help each other out, not just chat online." Wang Yu was deeply moved. With Li Jia’s help, his robot 16______ the second prize in the competition. After that, Wang Yu realized that true friendship isn’t about 17______ posts or likes. It’s about being there when your friend needs you. They still use WeChat to talk every day, but they also 18______ time meeting in person—playing basketball, visiting science museums, or just sitting in a café and sharing stories. Last week, Li Jia had a hard time with her English exam. She got a low score and felt 19______. Wang Yu didn’t laugh at her. Instead, he made a study plan for her and helped her practice English speaking every evening. "Li Jia helped me when I was in trouble," Wang Yu said. "Now it’s my turn to 20______ her." In a world where many relationships are based on digital interactions, Wang Yu and Li Jia’s friendship shows that true friends still 21______ the old ways—caring, supporting, and being present. They 22______ that no matter how advanced technology becomes, a friend’s kindness and help are always more 23______ than any online message. Their story has also inspired other students in their class. Many of them now spend less time 24______ on social media and more time hanging out with their friends in real life. "Wang Yu and Li Jia taught us that friendship is not just a digital connection," said their classmate Zhang Tao. "It’s something real and 25______." 11. A. for B. with C. about D. like 12. A. bored B. interested C. tired D. worried 13. A. solved B. found C. faced D. avoided 14. A. cheerful B. hopeful C. helpless D. useful 15. A. saved B. lent C. borrowed D. used 16. A. won B. lost C. missed D. beat 17. A. reading B. writing C. posting D. deleting 18. A. take B. spend C. cost D. pay 19. A. happy B. excited C. sad D. proud 20. A. help B. teach C. tell D. ask 21. A. follow B. forget C. change D. stop 22. A. wonder B. believe C. doubt D. fear 23. A. expensive B. important C. difficult D. interesting 24. A. playing B. working C. chatting D. studying 25. A. valuable B. common C. easy D. funny 三、阅读理解。(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) （A） Friendship in Different Cultures Friendship is a universal (普遍的) part of human life, but the way people build and keep friendships can be very different in different cultures. In Western countries like the US and the UK, friendships are often based on shared interests. People make friends with others who like the same sports, music, or hobbies. These friendships can be casual (随意的)—you might meet a friend for coffee once a week, but you don’t have to talk to them every day. Westerners also value independence in friendships. They usually don’t ask their friends for too much help, because they don’t want to seem "needy". In Eastern countries like China and Japan, friendships are more about loyalty (忠诚) and support. People often build deep, long-lasting friendships with a small group of people. These friends are like family—they help each other with big things, like finding a job or taking care of family members. In China, it’s common for friends to meet often and share their daily lives. They might call or message each other every day, and they feel responsible (有责任的) for their friends’ happiness. In some Middle Eastern countries, friendship is even more important. People often invite friends to their homes for meals, and they spend a lot of time together. Middle Easterners value trust and honesty in friendships. Once you become friends with someone, they will stand by you no matter what. They also often help their friends with money or other needs, and they expect the same in return. No matter what culture you are from, friendship is about caring for others. Understanding these differences can help you make friends with people from all over the world. 26. What are Western friendships often based on? A. Loyalty. B. Shared interests. C. Daily support. D. Family-like connection. 27. What do Westerners value in friendships? A. Independence. B. Asking for help. C. Daily communication. D. Big favors. 28. In China, friendships are more about ______. A. casual meetings B. shared hobbies C. loyalty and support D. less communication 29. What do we know about friendship in Middle Eastern countries? A. People have many casual friends. B. Friends rarely help each other with money. C. Trust and honesty are very important. D. People don’t invite friends to their homes. （B） AI Helps Students with Friendship Problems Many teenagers face difficulties in making or keeping friends. Now, a new AI tool called "Friendship Helper" is helping students solve these problems. The AI tool was created by a team of education experts and computer scientists. It works by asking students questions about their friendship problems—like "I feel left out when my classmates play together" or "My friend never listens to me". Then, it gives personalized (个性化的) advice based on the students’ answers. For example, if a student says they feel left out, the AI might suggest, "Try joining your classmates’ game by asking, ‘Can I play too?’ Most people are happy to include others." If a student’s friend doesn’t listen, the AI could advise, "Tell your friend how you feel by saying, ‘I want to share my ideas with you—could you listen for a minute?’" The AI also has a "practice" part. Students can role-play (角色扮演) difficult conversations with the AI. For instance, they can practice asking a classmate to be their friend, or talking to a friend who is angry with them. This helps students feel more confident when they have real conversations. So far, the AI tool has been used in 50 middle schools in Guangdong. A survey shows that 80% of students who used the tool said their friendship problems got better. "I used to be afraid to talk to my classmates," said 13-year-old Liu Tao. "The AI told me simple ways to start a conversation, and now I have three new friends." However, experts remind students that the AI is just a helper. "True friendship needs real communication and care," said Dr. Zhang, one of the tool’s creators. "The AI can give advice, but students still need to talk and spend time with their friends in real life." 30. What is "Friendship Helper"? A. A new book about friendships. B. An AI tool to help with friendship problems. C. A team of education experts. D. A survey about friendship. 31. How does the AI tool work? A. It talks to students’ friends directly. B. It gives the same advice to all students. C. It asks questions and gives personalized advice. D. It helps students do homework about friendships. 32. What can students do in the "practice" part? A. Play games with their friends. B. Role-play difficult conversations. C. Ask the AI to do homework for them. D. Share their friendship stories with others. 33. What do experts remind students? A. The AI can solve all friendship problems. B. Students don’t need real friends anymore. C. The AI is just a helper—real friendship needs real care. D. Students should use the AI every day. （C） The History of Mid-Autumn Festival The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. It has a history of more than 3,000 years. In ancient times, people held ceremonies to worship (祭拜) the moon god in autumn. They believed the moon god could bring them good harvests (丰收). During the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the festival became more popular. People started to have family gatherings and eat mooncakes on this day. Mooncakes were originally (最初) used as offerings to the moon god, but later they became a traditional food for the festival. In the Song Dynasty (960-1279), the Mid-Autumn Festival became an official (官方的) festival. The emperor would hold big celebrations, and ordinary people also enjoyed the day. They would decorate their houses with lanterns, drink wine, and admire the full moon. It was also a time for young people to express their love—boys would give girls gifts like fans or jewelry under the moon. Today, the Mid-Autumn Festival is still celebrated in many ways. Families get together to have a big dinner, eat mooncakes of different flavors (口味) like lotus seed (莲子) and red bean, and watch the full moon. In some places, people also hold lantern shows or dragon dances. The Mid-Autumn Festival is not just a Chinese festival. It is also celebrated in other Asian countries like Vietnam, Korea, and Japan, but with different traditions. For example, in Vietnam, people make "moon cakes" made of sticky rice (糯米) instead of the Chinese-style mooncakes. In Korea, families gather to eat a special soup called "chuseok guk" during their Mid-Autumn Festival (called Chuseok). 34. How long is the history of the Mid-Autumn Festival? A. More than 1,000 years. B. More than 2,000 years. C. More than 3,000 years. D. More than 4,000 years. 35. What did people do to worship the moon god in ancient times? A. They had family gatherings. B. They held ceremonies. C. They ate mooncakes. D. They watched lantern shows. 36. When did the Mid-Autumn Festival become an official festival? A. In the Tang Dynasty. B. In the Song Dynasty. C. In the Ming Dynasty. D. In the Qing Dynasty. 37. What do people in Vietnam eat during their Mid-Autumn Festival? A. Chinese-style mooncakes. B. Sticky rice "moon cakes". C. Chuseok guk. D. Lotus seed soup. （D） A Special Friendship Between a Girl and a Dolphin 12-year-old Mia lives near the coast of Australia. She loves swimming, but she used to be very shy and afraid to talk to other kids. That changed when she met a dolphin named Echo. Mia first saw Echo at a marine park (海洋公园) during a school trip. Echo was friendly and swam close to Mia when she stood by the pool. The park’s trainer told Mia that Echo was good at communicating with humans. Mia started visiting the park every weekend to see Echo. Every time Mia visited, she would talk to Echo about her problems—like how she felt nervous to speak in class, or how no one asked her to play at recess. She was surprised that Echo seemed to listen—she would nod her head or make soft sounds. Mia felt like Echo was her friend. With Echo’s "company", Mia became more confident. One day, the park held a "dolphin show" where kids could swim with Echo. Mia wanted to join, but she was scared. Then she looked at Echo, who was waiting for her in the pool. Mia took a deep breath and jumped in. She swam with Echo for 15 minutes, and the audience cheered for them. After that day, Mia started talking to other kids at school. She even joined the school’s swimming team. "Echo helped me realize that I’m brave," Mia said. "She’s not just a dolphin—she’s my best friend." The park’s trainer said, "Dolphins are very smart animals. They can sense (感知) human emotions. Echo probably noticed that Mia was shy, and she tried to make her feel comfortable." Now, Mia still visits Echo every weekend. She brings Echo fish as a gift, and they swim together. Mia’s parents are happy to see their daughter become more outgoing. "Echo is a special friend," said Mia’s mom. "She helped Mia find her confidence." 38. Why did Mia use to be afraid to talk to other kids? A. She was shy. B. She didn’t like swimming. C. She lived far from school. D. She didn’t have any hobbies. 39. How did Echo make Mia feel? A. Scared. B. Comfortable. C. Nervous. D. Angry. 40. What did Mia do after swimming with Echo in the show? A. She stopped visiting the park. B. She became more confident and talked to other kids. C. She left the school’s swimming team. D. She started to be afraid of swimming again. 四、信息还原。（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Keep a Friendship Strong Friendship is like a small tree—it needs to be taken care of to grow strong. 41. ________ Here are some ways to keep your friendship strong. First, keep in touch. Life is busy, but you should make time for your friend. You can send a short message, make a phone call or meet for a cup of milk tea. 42. ________ For example, if your friend has an important exam, send a message to encourage him. If he wins a competition, call him to say “congratulations”. These small actions show you care about him. Second, be honest with each other. Honesty is the foundation (基础) of friendship. If you make a mistake, tell your friend the truth and apologize. 43. ________ If your friend shares a secret with you, don’t tell others. Trust is hard to build but easy to break. Third, support each other in good and bad times. When your friend is happy, share his joy. When he is sad or in trouble, be there for him. 44. ________ For example, if your friend fails a test, help him analyze his mistakes and make a study plan. If he wants to try a new hobby, like learning to play the guitar, encourage him and cheer for his progress. True friends stand by each other no matter what. Fourth, respect each other’s differences. You and your friend may have different hobbies, opinions or lifestyles. 45. ________ For example, if you like reading but your friend likes playing sports, you can try his hobby together and he can try yours. Respecting differences makes your friendship more interesting and colorful. A. Don’t keep secrets from your friend. B. If you don’t take care of it, it may die. C. You don’t have to agree with everything your friend says. D. It doesn’t matter how you keep in touch—what matters is that you do it. E. Friends should always have the same hobbies and opinions. F. You can also celebrate important days together, like birthdays or festivals. G. Never support your friend when he is wrong. 五、综合填空。（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，或根据上下文在空白处填入一个适当的词，使短文通顺、完整。 Friendship is one of the most precious things in life. A good friend can make your life 46. ________ (colorful) and help you through difficult times. Last year, I met my best friend, Emma, at a school art club. She is a 47. ________ (cheer) girl with big bright eyes and short curly hair. Emma is very 48. ________ (help)—she always shares her art supplies with me and teaches me how to draw better. When I first joined the club, I was very shy and afraid to talk to others. Emma noticed my problem and 49. ________ (encourage) me to make more friends. She introduced me to other club members and invited me to join their activities. Emma is also 50. ________ (honest) friend. She never lies to me and always tells me the truth, even when it’s not easy. Once, I copied my classmate’s homework because I was too lazy to do it myself. Emma found out and told me that it was wrong. She said, “Real friends should help each other be better, not let each other do bad things.” Her words made me feel 51. ________ (ashamed), but I also knew she was right. I apologized to my teacher and promised to do my own homework from then on. With Emma’s help, I have become 52. ________ (confident) than before. I can now speak in front of the class and have more friends. We often spend weekends together—sometimes we go to the park to draw, sometimes we visit the art museum, and sometimes we just stay at home and talk about our dreams. I think Emma is the 53. ________ (wonderful) friend I have ever had. She has taught me the importance of 54. ________ (be) kind, honest and brave. I hope our friendship 55. ________ (last) forever. 六、首字母填空。（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺。 Friendship in Traditional Chinese Culture In traditional Chinese culture, friendship is highly valued. People often say, "A friend in need is a friend indeed." This old saying tells us that true friends will stand by us when we are in t56______. One of the most famous stories about friendship in Chinese history is the story of "Guan Zhong and Bao Shuya". They were good friends who supported each other through difficult times. Bao Shuya believed in Guan Zhong’s talents, even when others didn’t. Later, Guan Zhong became a great official and helped his country become strong. He always said that he couldn’t have succeeded w57______ Bao Shuya’s help. This story shows that true friends trust and support each other. In traditional Chinese culture, friends often use special words to d58______ their friendship. For example, "Jin Lan Friends" refers to friends who make a promise to support each other like family. They share joys and sorrows, and they are always there for each other. Another important part of friendship in traditional Chinese culture is r59______. Friends should respect each other’s opinions and feelings. They shouldn’t force their own ideas on each other. They also should be h60______—lying to a friend is considered very bad. Today, many of these traditional ideas about friendship are still kept. Chinese people still believe that true friendship is based on trust, support, and respect. They also believe that friendship takes time to grow. You can’t become true friends with someone in a day; it n61______ patience and care. In modern China, people make friends in many ways—at school, at work, or through hobbies. But no matter how they meet, the v62______ of true friendship remain the same. A good friend will help you when you are in trouble, listen to you when you are sad, and celebrate with you when you are happy. Friendship is also an important part of Chinese festivals. During festivals like the Spring Festival or the Mid-Autumn Festival, friends often visit each other, exchange gifts, and share meals. These moments help s63______ their friendship. In conclusion, friendship has always been an important part of Chinese culture. It is a v64______ that has been passed down from generation to generation. As the old saying goes, "True friendship is more valuable than gold." We should all cherish our friends and work hard to keep our friendships s65______ and long-lasting. 七、任务型阅读。（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。 Friendship Among Elderly People in China In recent years, more and more elderly people in China have been building strong friendships, which bring them joy and support in their later lives. Ms. Wang, 72 years old, lives in Beijing. She made friends with three other women—Ms. Li, Ms. Zhang, and Ms. Zhao—at a community garden five years ago. Every morning, they meet at the garden to do tai chi (太极) together. After that, they sit on a bench and chat about their daily lives—their children, their grandchildren, or interesting things they saw on TV. "Before I met them, I felt very lonely," Ms. Wang said. "My children work in other cities, so I live alone. But now, I look forward to every morning because I know I will see my friends." These four friends also help each other in many ways. Last year, Ms. Li fell and hurt her leg. Ms. Wang, Ms. Zhang, and Ms. Zhao took turns visiting her and bringing her meals. They also helped her clean her house and take care of her plants. "They are like my family," Ms. Li said. "I don’t know what I would have done without them." Another group of elderly friends in Shanghai has a different way of staying connected. They formed a "book club" three years ago. Every Saturday afternoon, they meet at a community center to read and discuss books. Most of the books they read are about Chinese history or traditional culture. "Reading together helps us learn new things, and discussing the books brings us closer," said Mr. Chen, 78 years old. "We also share our own stories and experiences while talking about the books. It’s very interesting." These friendships are not just fun—they also have many health benefits. Studies show that elderly people with strong friendships are less likely to feel lonely or depressed (抑郁的). They also have better physical health, because they are more active and take better care of themselves when they have friends to support them. Many communities in China are now encouraging elderly people to make friends. They organize activities like tai chi classes, book clubs, and craft (手工) workshops. These activities give elderly people a chance to meet others and build new friendships. "We want to help elderly people live happy and healthy lives," said a community worker in Guangzhou. "Friendship is an important part of that." 66. Where did Ms. Wang meet her three friends? 67. What do Ms. Wang and her friends do every morning? 68. How did Ms. Wang, Ms. Zhang, and Ms. Zhao help Ms. Li when she fell and hurt her leg? 69. What do the elderly book club members in Shanghai do every Saturday afternoon? 70. What benefits do elderly people get from having strong friendships? 八、书面表达。(20分) 假设你校英文报正在举办以 “True Friendship” 为主题的征文活动，请你根据以下要点，写一篇短文投稿，介绍你对真挚友谊的理解以及你与挚友的故事。 要点： 1. 你认为真挚友谊应具备的重要品质（至少两点）； 2. 分享一个你与挚友之间体现真挚友谊的小故事； 3. 你从这段友谊中获得的感悟。 要求： 1. 词数 80-100（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 True Friendship True friendship is one of the most precious things in life. In my opinion, 试题 第3页（共8页） 试题 第4页（共8页） 试题 第1页（共8页） 试题 第2页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年八年级上册英语单元测试（南通专用） Unit 1·培优卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：120分） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分) 从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. My cousin is ______ than me. She always comes up with creative ideas to solve problems. A. cleverer B. more clever C. cleverest D. the most clever 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我的表妹比我更聪明。她总能想出有创意的办法解决问题。 考查知识点：形容词比较级的不规则变化。根据句中标志词 “than”（比），可知需用比较级；“clever” 的比较级有两种形式 “cleverer”（更常用，单音节词变比较级的规则变化）和 “more clever”（较少用，不推荐作为首选答案），选项中 “A. cleverer” 为标准且常用的正确形式。 2. Among all the students in our class, Lucy is ________ at playing the piano. She won first prize in the school music competition last month. A. good B. better C. best D. the best 【答案】D 【解析】句意：在我们班所有学生中，露西钢琴弹得最好。她上个月在学校音乐比赛中获得了一等奖。 考查知识点：形容词最高级的用法。句中 “Among all the students”（在所有学生中）表示三者及以上范围的比较，需用最高级；“good” 的最高级是 “best”，且最高级前必须加定冠词 “the”。 3. My best friend often ________ me to keep trying when I want to give up on difficult math problems. A. encourages B. invites C. refuses D. stops 【答案】A 【解析】句意：当我想放弃难题时，我最好的朋友经常鼓励我继续努力。 考查知识点：动词词义辨析。选项含义分别为：A. encourages（鼓励）、B. invites（邀请）、C. refuses（拒绝）、D. stops（阻止）。 4. —Why do you like staying with Lily? —Because she has a good sense of humor. Her jokes always make me ________ happily. A. cry B. laugh C. shout D. sleep 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 你为什么喜欢和莉莉待在一起？—— 因为她很有幽默感。她的笑话总能让我开心地笑。 考查知识点：动词词义辨析与语境匹配。选项含义分别为：A. cry（哭）、B. laugh（笑）、C. shout（大喊）、D. sleep（睡觉）。 5. This storybook is ________ than the one I read last week. I’m more interested in it now. A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这本故事书比我上周读的那本更有趣。我现在对它更感兴趣了。 考查知识点：多音节形容词的比较级。句中 “than” 提示用比较级；“interesting” 是多音节词（三个及以上音节），其比较级需在前面加 “more”，且无需加 “the”（比较级前不加定冠词，最高级前才加）。 6. —Is your brother ________ enough to help you with your homework? —Yes. He always listens carefully and explains things clearly to me. A. careless B. helpful C. useless D. hopeful 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 你哥哥足够乐于助人，能帮你辅导作业吗？—— 是的。他总是认真听我讲，还把知识点给我解释得很清楚。 考查知识点：形容词词义辨析与语境匹配。选项含义分别为：A. careless（粗心的）、B. helpful（乐于助人的）、C. useless（无用的）、D. hopeful（有希望的）。 7. You can ________ the meaning of the new word from the context. The sentences around it usually give some useful hints. A. guess B. forget C. miss D. create 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你可以从上下文猜测这个生词的意思。它周围的句子通常会给出一些有用的提示。 考查知识点：动词词义辨析与常识匹配。选项含义分别为：A. guess（猜测）、B. forget（忘记）、C. miss（错过；想念）、D. create（创造）。 8. —How was your trip to the old town yesterday? —It was wonderful. The streets were full of ________ things. I bought many special gifts for my friends. A. harmful B. colorful C. meaningless D. sleepless 【答案】B 【解析】句意：—— 你昨天去古镇的旅行怎么样？—— 太棒了。街上满是色彩丰富的东西。我给朋友们买了很多特别的礼物。 考查知识点：形容词词义辨析与积极语境匹配。选项含义分别为：A. harmful（有害的）、B. colorful（色彩丰富的）、C. meaningless（无意义的）、D. sleepless（失眠的）。 9. Tom is ________ than his twin brother Tim. He often shares his toys and helps classmates with their schoolwork. A. kind B. kinder C. kindest D. the kindest 【答案】B 【解析】句意：汤姆比他的双胞胎弟弟蒂姆更善良。他经常分享玩具，还帮同学做作业。 考查知识点：形容词比较级的规则变化。句中 “than” 提示用比较级；“kind” 是单音节词，其比较级直接在词尾加 “er”，即 “kinder”，无需加 “the”。 10. —I feel ________ because I failed the English exam again. —Don’t worry. I’ll help you review lessons every weekend. A. cheerful B. excited C. down D. proud 【答案】C 【解析】句意：—— 我感觉很沮丧，因为我英语考试又没及格。—— 别担心。我每个周末都会帮你复习功课。 考查知识点：形容词词义辨析与消极语境匹配。选项含义分别为：A. cheerful（愉快的）、B. excited（兴奋的）、C. down（沮丧的、情绪低落的）、D. proud（自豪的）。 二、完形填空。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A True Friend in Digital Age In the age of smartphones and social media, many people think "friends" are just names on a screen. But 11______ 14-year-old Wang Yu, a true friend is someone who stands by you, even when you’re not online. Wang Yu met Li Jia at a summer camp for robot lovers last year. Li Jia was quiet at first, but Wang Yu found she was 12______ in building robots. They spent hours discussing how to improve their robot models and soon became close friends. One month ago, Wang Yu’s robot project for the school competition 13______ a problem. His main circuit board (电路板) broke, and he had no money to buy a new one. He felt 14______ and even wanted to give up. When Li Jia found out, she didn’t just send a "cheer up" message. She 15______ her own pocket money to buy a new circuit board and brought it to Wang Yu’s home the next day. "I know how important this project is to you," Li Jia said. "We’re friends, and friends help each other out, not just chat online." Wang Yu was deeply moved. With Li Jia’s help, his robot 16______ the second prize in the competition. After that, Wang Yu realized that true friendship isn’t about 17______ posts or likes. It’s about being there when your friend needs you. They still use WeChat to talk every day, but they also 18______ time meeting in person—playing basketball, visiting science museums, or just sitting in a café and sharing stories. Last week, Li Jia had a hard time with her English exam. She got a low score and felt 19______. Wang Yu didn’t laugh at her. Instead, he made a study plan for her and helped her practice English speaking every evening. "Li Jia helped me when I was in trouble," Wang Yu said. "Now it’s my turn to 20______ her." In a world where many relationships are based on digital interactions, Wang Yu and Li Jia’s friendship shows that true friends still 21______ the old ways—caring, supporting, and being present. They 22______ that no matter how advanced technology becomes, a friend’s kindness and help are always more 23______ than any online message. Their story has also inspired other students in their class. Many of them now spend less time 24______ on social media and more time hanging out with their friends in real life. "Wang Yu and Li Jia taught us that friendship is not just a digital connection," said their classmate Zhang Tao. "It’s something real and 25______." 11. A. for B. with C. about D. like 12. A. bored B. interested C. tired D. worried 13. A. solved B. found C. faced D. avoided 14. A. cheerful B. hopeful C. helpless D. useful 15. A. saved B. lent C. borrowed D. used 16. A. won B. lost C. missed D. beat 17. A. reading B. writing C. posting D. deleting 18. A. take B. spend C. cost D. pay 19. A. happy B. excited C. sad D. proud 20. A. help B. teach C. tell D. ask 21. A. follow B. forget C. change D. stop 22. A. wonder B. believe C. doubt D. fear 23. A. expensive B. important C. difficult D. interesting 24. A. playing B. working C. chatting D. studying 25. A. valuable B. common C. easy D. funny 【答案】11. A 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. D 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. A 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，以 14 岁少年王宇和李佳的友谊为核心，讲述了在智能手机与社交媒体普及的数字时代，两人超越线上虚拟互动，通过现实中的互相支持（如李佳资助王宇购买电路板、王宇帮李佳补习英语）维系真挚友谊的故事。文章主旨在于强调：真正的友谊并非屏幕上的点赞或聊天，而是在对方需要时的陪伴、关心与实际帮助，呼吁人们重视现实中的人际关系。 11. 句意：但对 14 岁的王宇来说，真正的朋友是即使不在网上，也会支持你的人。 解题依据：此处需表达 “对某人而言” 的含义，固定搭配为 “for sb.”。前文提到 “很多人认为‘朋友’只是屏幕上的名字”，后文转折说明 “王宇的观点”，用 “for Wang Yu” 明确视角主体，符合语境逻辑。 12. 句意：李佳起初很安静，但王宇发现她对搭建机器人很感兴趣。 解题依据：前文提到两人在 “机器人爱好者夏令营” 相识，且后文 “他们花数小时讨论如何改进机器人模型”，说明李佳对机器人有积极态度。固定搭配 “be interested in（对…… 感兴趣）” 符合 “因兴趣而深入讨论” 的语境；其他选项 “bored（无聊的）”“tired（疲惫的）”“worried（担心的）” 均与 “花时间讨论机器人” 的行为矛盾。 13. 句意：一个月前，王宇为学校比赛准备的机器人项目遇到了一个问题。 解题依据：后文明确提到 “他的主电路板坏了，没钱买新的”，这是项目遇到的具体困难，因此前文需表达 “遭遇 / 面临问题”。选项 “faced（面临）” 符合 “遇到困难” 的语境；“solved（解决）” 与后文 “想放弃” 矛盾，“found（发现）” 侧重 “找到问题” 而非 “遭遇问题”，“avoided（避免）” 与后文困境描述冲突。 14. 句意：他感到无助，甚至想放弃。 解题依据：前文提到 “电路板坏了且没钱买新的”，这是王宇无法独自解决的困境，后文 “想放弃” 进一步体现他的消极状态。“helpless（无助的）” 能准确描述 “遇到无法解决的问题时的感受”；“cheerful（愉快的）”“hopeful（有希望的）” 与 “想放弃” 矛盾，“useful（有用的）” 无法描述人的情绪，均不符合语境。 15. 句意：她用自己的零花钱买了一块新电路板，第二天就送到了王宇家。 解题依据：前文提到王宇 “没钱买新电路板”，李佳 “没有只发‘加油’消息”，而是采取了实际行动。“used（使用）” 符合 “用自己的钱买东西” 的动作逻辑；“saved（节省）” 侧重 “存钱”，但此处强调 “花钱买板” 的行为，而非 “存钱” 的过程；“lent（借出）” 需搭配 “借给某人”，后文未提 “王宇还钱”，不符合 “帮助” 的语境；“borrowed（借入）” 指 “向别人借钱”，与 “自己的零花钱” 矛盾。 16. 句意：在李佳的帮助下，他的机器人在比赛中获得了二等奖。 解题依据：前文提到项目因李佳的帮助得以继续，此处需体现 “帮助带来的积极结果”。“won（赢得）” 符合 “比赛获奖” 的语境；“lost（输掉）”“missed（错过）” 与 “帮助的积极意义” 矛盾，“beat（打败）” 后需接 “对手”，不能接 “奖项”，搭配错误。 17. 句意：从那以后，王宇意识到真正的友谊不在于发帖子或点赞。 解题依据：前文对比 “李佳的实际帮助” 与 “线上‘加油’消息”，后文强调 “朋友需要时的陪伴”，此处需呼应 “社交媒体的虚拟互动”。“posting posts（发帖子）” 是社交媒体的典型行为，与后文 “likes（点赞）” 并列，符合 “虚拟互动” 的范畴；“reading（读）”“writing（写）”“deleting（删）” 均不与 “likes” 构成 “社交媒体互动” 的常见搭配，逻辑不连贯。 18. 句意：他们仍然每天用微信聊天，但也花时间见面 —— 打篮球、参观科技馆，或者只是坐在咖啡馆里分享故事。 解题依据：此处需表达 “花费时间做某事”，固定搭配为 “spend time (in) doing sth.”，主语为人（they），符合语法规则；“take” 常用 “it takes sb. time to do sth.” 结构，主语不能是人；“cost” 主语是 “物”，侧重 “花费金钱”；“pay” 常搭配 “for”，侧重 “付钱”，均不符合 “人花费时间见面” 的语境。 19. 句意：她分数很低，感到很伤心。 解题依据：前文提到 “李佳英语考试遇到困难”，后文 “王宇没有嘲笑她，反而帮她制定学习计划”，说明李佳的情绪是消极的。“sad（伤心的）” 符合 “考试失利后的情绪”；“happy（开心的）”“excited（兴奋的）”“proud（骄傲的）” 均与 “低分、遇困难” 的背景矛盾。 20. 句意：“李佳在我遇到困难时帮了我，现在该我帮她了。” 解题依据：前文提到 “李佳帮王宇买电路板”，后文 “王宇帮李佳制定学习计划、练英语”，体现 “友谊中互相帮助” 的逻辑。“help（帮助）” 直接呼应前文的 “helped me”，符合 “回报式帮助” 的语境；“teach（教）”“tell（告诉）”“ask（问）” 均未体现 “弥补对方困难” 的核心，与 “朋友互助” 的主旨不符。 21. 句意：在一个许多关系都基于数字互动的世界里，王宇和李佳的友谊表明，真正的朋友仍然遵循着老方式 —— 关心、支持和陪伴。 解题依据：后文 “关心、支持、陪伴” 是传统友谊的核心方式，前文对比 “数字时代的虚拟关系”，此处需表达 “真正的朋友仍坚持传统方式”。“follow（遵循）” 符合 “按照老方式行动” 的语境；“forget（忘记）”“change（改变）”“stop（停止）” 均与 “两人用传统方式维系友谊” 的事实矛盾。 22. 句意：他们认为，无论科技变得多么先进，朋友的善意和帮助总是比任何线上消息更重要。 解题依据：前文描述两人 “用传统方式维系友谊” 的行为，此处是对他们行为背后观点的总结。“believe（认为、相信）” 符合 “表达个人观点” 的语境；“wonder（好奇）”“doubt（怀疑）”“fear（害怕）” 均无法体现 “对友谊本质的坚定认知”，与两人的实际行动逻辑不符。 23. 句意：他们认为，无论科技变得多么先进，朋友的善意和帮助总是比任何线上消息更重要。 解题依据：全文主旨是 “真正的友谊在于实际帮助，而非线上互动”，此处需强调 “实际帮助” 比 “线上消息” 更有价值。“important（重要的）” 直接呼应主旨，体现 “善意和帮助的核心地位”；“expensive（昂贵的）” 侧重 “金钱价值”，“difficult（困难的）”“interesting（有趣的）” 均未体现 “价值对比”，与主旨无关。 24. 句意：他们中的许多人现在花更少的时间在社交媒体上聊天，更多的时间和朋友在现实中相处。 解题依据：前文提到 “数字时代的关系基于线上互动”，后文 “更多时间现实相处” 是对比，此处需体现 “社交媒体上的虚拟互动”。“chatting（聊天）” 是社交媒体的主要功能，与前文 “用微信聊天” 呼应，符合 “减少虚拟互动” 的语境；“playing（玩）”“working（工作）”“studying（学习）” 并非社交媒体的核心互动形式，与 “友谊关系” 的主题关联较弱。 25. 句意：“王宇和李佳教会我们，友谊不只是数字连接，而是真实且珍贵的东西。” 解题依据：前文强调 “真正的友谊在于实际帮助和陪伴”，此处需总结 “友谊的本质属性”，与 “数字连接（虚拟、无实体价值）” 形成对比。“valuable（珍贵的）” 符合 “真正友谊的价值”，呼应全文对 “实际友谊” 的肯定；“common（普通的）”“easy（容易的）”“funny（有趣的）” 均未体现 “友谊的重要性和珍贵性”，与主旨不符。 三、阅读理解。(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) （A） Friendship in Different Cultures Friendship is a universal (普遍的) part of human life, but the way people build and keep friendships can be very different in different cultures. In Western countries like the US and the UK, friendships are often based on shared interests. People make friends with others who like the same sports, music, or hobbies. These friendships can be casual (随意的)—you might meet a friend for coffee once a week, but you don’t have to talk to them every day. Westerners also value independence in friendships. They usually don’t ask their friends for too much help, because they don’t want to seem "needy". In Eastern countries like China and Japan, friendships are more about loyalty (忠诚) and support. People often build deep, long-lasting friendships with a small group of people. These friends are like family—they help each other with big things, like finding a job or taking care of family members. In China, it’s common for friends to meet often and share their daily lives. They might call or message each other every day, and they feel responsible (有责任的) for their friends’ happiness. In some Middle Eastern countries, friendship is even more important. People often invite friends to their homes for meals, and they spend a lot of time together. Middle Easterners value trust and honesty in friendships. Once you become friends with someone, they will stand by you no matter what. They also often help their friends with money or other needs, and they expect the same in return. No matter what culture you are from, friendship is about caring for others. Understanding these differences can help you make friends with people from all over the world. 26. What are Western friendships often based on? A. Loyalty. B. Shared interests. C. Daily support. D. Family-like connection. 27. What do Westerners value in friendships? A. Independence. B. Asking for help. C. Daily communication. D. Big favors. 28. In China, friendships are more about ______. A. casual meetings B. shared hobbies C. loyalty and support D. less communication 29. What do we know about friendship in Middle Eastern countries? A. People have many casual friends. B. Friends rarely help each other with money. C. Trust and honesty are very important. D. People don’t invite friends to their homes. 【答案】26. B 27. A 28. C 29. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主旨大意为：友谊是人类生活中普遍存在的部分，但在不同文化中，人们建立和维系友谊的方式存在显著差异。文章分别以西方国家（如美、英）、东方国家（如中、日）和部分中东国家为例，具体阐述了不同文化背景下友谊的核心特点（如基于共同兴趣、强调忠诚支持、重视信任诚实等），并指出无论何种文化，友谊的本质都是关爱他人，理解这些差异有助于跨文化交友。 26. 细节理解题。正确选项 B（Shared interests）符合语境的原因：题目询问 “西方友谊通常基于什么”，需从原文中定位西方国家友谊的核心依据。 对应原文：“In Western countries like the US and the UK, friendships are often based on shared interests.”（在美、英等西方国家，友谊通常基于共同的兴趣爱好），直接匹配选项 B，其他选项（忠诚、日常支持、家人般的联系）均为东方或中东友谊的特点，故排除。 27. 细节理解题。正确选项 A（Independence）符合语境的原因：题目询问 “西方人在友谊中重视什么”，需锁定原文中描述西方人友谊价值观的内容。 对应原文：“Westerners also value independence in friendships. They usually don’t ask their friends for too much help, because they don’t want to seem ‘needy’.”（西方人还重视友谊中的独立性，他们通常不向朋友寻求过多帮助，因为不想显得 “依赖他人”），明确提到 “重视独立性”，与选项 A 一致。选项 B（寻求帮助）、C（日常沟通）、D（大忙）均与原文中西方人 “不依赖、少求助” 的特点相反，故排除。 28. 细节理解题。正确选项 C（loyalty and support）符合语境的原因：题目询问 “在中国，友谊更侧重于什么”，需定位原文中关于中国友谊核心特点的描述。 对应原文：“In Eastern countries like China and Japan, friendships are more about loyalty (忠诚) and support.”（在中、日等东方国家，友谊更侧重于忠诚与支持），直接将中国归为 “重视忠诚与支持” 的范畴，与选项 C 完全匹配。选项 A（随意见面）、B（共同爱好）是西方国家友谊的特点，选项 D（较少沟通）与原文中 “中国人常见面、每天联系” 的描述矛盾，故排除。 29. 细节理解题。正确选项 C（Trust and honesty are very important）符合语境的原因：题目询问 “关于中东国家的友谊，我们能知道什么”，需筛选原文中描述中东友谊特点的正确信息。 对应原文：“Middle Easterners value trust and honesty in friendships.”（中东人重视友谊中的信任与诚实），与选项 C 表述一致。选项 A（人们有很多随意的朋友）错误，原文未提 “随意朋友”，且中东友谊更强调深度而非数量；选项 B（朋友很少在金钱上互相帮助）错误，原文提到 “they also often help their friends with money or other needs”（他们常帮朋友解决金钱或其他需求）；选项 D（人们不邀请朋友到家里吃饭）错误，原文明确说 “People often invite friends to their homes for meals”（人们常邀请朋友到家里吃饭），故 A、B、D 均排除。 （B） AI Helps Students with Friendship Problems Many teenagers face difficulties in making or keeping friends. Now, a new AI tool called "Friendship Helper" is helping students solve these problems. The AI tool was created by a team of education experts and computer scientists. It works by asking students questions about their friendship problems—like "I feel left out when my classmates play together" or "My friend never listens to me". Then, it gives personalized (个性化的) advice based on the students’ answers. For example, if a student says they feel left out, the AI might suggest, "Try joining your classmates’ game by asking, ‘Can I play too?’ Most people are happy to include others." If a student’s friend doesn’t listen, the AI could advise, "Tell your friend how you feel by saying, ‘I want to share my ideas with you—could you listen for a minute?’" The AI also has a "practice" part. Students can role-play (角色扮演) difficult conversations with the AI. For instance, they can practice asking a classmate to be their friend, or talking to a friend who is angry with them. This helps students feel more confident when they have real conversations. So far, the AI tool has been used in 50 middle schools in Guangdong. A survey shows that 80% of students who used the tool said their friendship problems got better. "I used to be afraid to talk to my classmates," said 13-year-old Liu Tao. "The AI told me simple ways to start a conversation, and now I have three new friends." However, experts remind students that the AI is just a helper. "True friendship needs real communication and care," said Dr. Zhang, one of the tool’s creators. "The AI can give advice, but students still need to talk and spend time with their friends in real life." 30. What is "Friendship Helper"? A. A new book about friendships. B. An AI tool to help with friendship problems. C. A team of education experts. D. A survey about friendship. 31. How does the AI tool work? A. It talks to students’ friends directly. B. It gives the same advice to all students. C. It asks questions and gives personalized advice. D. It helps students do homework about friendships. 32. What can students do in the "practice" part? A. Play games with their friends. B. Role-play difficult conversations. C. Ask the AI to do homework for them. D. Share their friendship stories with others. 33. What do experts remind students? A. The AI can solve all friendship problems. B. Students don’t need real friends anymore. C. The AI is just a helper—real friendship needs real care. D. Students should use the AI every day. 【答案】30. B 31. C 32. B 33. C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道类说明文，主旨大意为：许多青少年在交友或维系友谊方面存在困难，为此教育专家和计算机科学家团队开发了一款名为 “Friendship Helper” 的 AI 工具。该工具通过提问获取学生的友谊问题、提供个性化建议，并设置 “角色扮演” 练习帮助学生提升沟通信心；目前该工具已在广东 50 所中学使用，80% 的使用者反馈友谊问题得到改善，但专家同时提醒，AI 仅为辅助工具，真正的友谊仍需现实中的沟通与关怀。 30. 细节理解题（考查对核心概念的定义）。 正确选项 B 的依据：原文第二段第一句 “Many teenagers face difficulties in making or keeping friends. Now, a new AI tool called 'Friendship Helper' is helping students solve these problems” 明确指出，“Friendship Helper” 是一款帮助学生解决友谊问题的 AI 工具，与选项 B 表述完全一致。 31. 细节理解题（考查对工具运作方式的理解）。 正确选项 C 的依据：原文第二段第二句 “It works by asking students questions about their friendship problems... Then, it gives personalized advice based on the students’ answers” 直接说明，该 AI 工具的运作方式是 “先提问，再根据学生的回答提供个性化建议”，与选项 C 完全匹配。 32. 细节理解题（考查对工具特定功能的掌握）。 正确选项 B 的依据：原文第四段第一、二句 “The AI also has a 'practice' part. Students can role-play difficult conversations with the AI” 清晰说明，“练习” 部分的功能是让学生与 AI 进行 “困难对话的角色扮演”，与选项 B 表述一致。 33. 细节理解题（考查对专家观点的提取）。 正确选项 C 的依据：原文最后一段专家（张博士）的表述 “the AI is just a helper. 'True friendship needs real communication and care'” 直接点明，专家提醒学生 “AI 仅为辅助工具，真正的友谊需要现实中的沟通与关怀”，与选项 C 完全一致。 （C） The History of Mid-Autumn Festival The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. It has a history of more than 3,000 years. In ancient times, people held ceremonies to worship (祭拜) the moon god in autumn. They believed the moon god could bring them good harvests (丰收). During the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the festival became more popular. People started to have family gatherings and eat mooncakes on this day. Mooncakes were originally (最初) used as offerings to the moon god, but later they became a traditional food for the festival. In the Song Dynasty (960-1279), the Mid-Autumn Festival became an official (官方的) festival. The emperor would hold big celebrations, and ordinary people also enjoyed the day. They would decorate their houses with lanterns, drink wine, and admire the full moon. It was also a time for young people to express their love—boys would give girls gifts like fans or jewelry under the moon. Today, the Mid-Autumn Festival is still celebrated in many ways. Families get together to have a big dinner, eat mooncakes of different flavors (口味) like lotus seed (莲子) and red bean, and watch the full moon. In some places, people also hold lantern shows or dragon dances. The Mid-Autumn Festival is not just a Chinese festival. It is also celebrated in other Asian countries like Vietnam, Korea, and Japan, but with different traditions. For example, in Vietnam, people make "moon cakes" made of sticky rice (糯米) instead of the Chinese-style mooncakes. In Korea, families gather to eat a special soup called "chuseok guk" during their Mid-Autumn Festival (called Chuseok). 34. How long is the history of the Mid-Autumn Festival? A. More than 1,000 years. B. More than 2,000 years. C. More than 3,000 years. D. More than 4,000 years. 35. What did people do to worship the moon god in ancient times? A. They had family gatherings. B. They held ceremonies. C. They ate mooncakes. D. They watched lantern shows. 36. When did the Mid-Autumn Festival become an official festival? A. In the Tang Dynasty. B. In the Song Dynasty. C. In the Ming Dynasty. D. In the Qing Dynasty. 37. What do people in Vietnam eat during their Mid-Autumn Festival? A. Chinese-style mooncakes. B. Sticky rice "moon cakes". C. Chuseok guk. D. Lotus seed soup. 【答案】34. C 35. B 36. B 37. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中秋节的历史发展与当代庆祝方式。文章从 3000 多年前古人祭拜月神的起源讲起，依次阐述了唐朝中秋节家庭团聚、吃月饼习俗的形成，宋朝成为官方节日后的庆祝形式，以及如今中国家庭团聚、赏月、吃月饼的传统；同时还提及越南、韩国等亚洲国家过中秋节的不同习俗，展现了中秋节在不同地区的文化差异与传承。 34. 细节理解题。 答案依据：文章第一段明确提到 “It has a history of more than 3,000 years.”（中秋节已有 3000 多年的历史）。 35. 细节理解题。 答案依据：文章第二段第一句 “In ancient times, people held ceremonies to worship (祭拜) the moon god in autumn.”（在古代，人们会在秋天举行仪式祭拜月神）。 36. 细节理解题. 答案依据：文章第三段第一句 “In the Song Dynasty (960-1279), the Mid-Autumn Festival became an official (官方的) festival.”（在宋朝（960-1279 年），中秋节成为官方节日）。 37. 细节理解题。 答案依据：文章第五段第二句 “For example, in Vietnam, people make "moon cakes" made of sticky rice (糯米) instead of the Chinese-style mooncakes.”（例如，在越南，人们制作由糯米制成的 “月饼”，而非中式月饼）。 （D） A Special Friendship Between a Girl and a Dolphin 12-year-old Mia lives near the coast of Australia. She loves swimming, but she used to be very shy and afraid to talk to other kids. That changed when she met a dolphin named Echo. Mia first saw Echo at a marine park (海洋公园) during a school trip. Echo was friendly and swam close to Mia when she stood by the pool. The park’s trainer told Mia that Echo was good at communicating with humans. Mia started visiting the park every weekend to see Echo. Every time Mia visited, she would talk to Echo about her problems—like how she felt nervous to speak in class, or how no one asked her to play at recess. She was surprised that Echo seemed to listen—she would nod her head or make soft sounds. Mia felt like Echo was her friend. With Echo’s "company", Mia became more confident. One day, the park held a "dolphin show" where kids could swim with Echo. Mia wanted to join, but she was scared. Then she looked at Echo, who was waiting for her in the pool. Mia took a deep breath and jumped in. She swam with Echo for 15 minutes, and the audience cheered for them. After that day, Mia started talking to other kids at school. She even joined the school’s swimming team. "Echo helped me realize that I’m brave," Mia said. "She’s not just a dolphin—she’s my best friend." The park’s trainer said, "Dolphins are very smart animals. They can sense (感知) human emotions. Echo probably noticed that Mia was shy, and she tried to make her feel comfortable." Now, Mia still visits Echo every weekend. She brings Echo fish as a gift, and they swim together. Mia’s parents are happy to see their daughter become more outgoing. "Echo is a special friend," said Mia’s mom. "She helped Mia find her confidence." 38. Why did Mia use to be afraid to talk to other kids? A. She was shy. B. She didn’t like swimming. C. She lived far from school. D. She didn’t have any hobbies. 39. How did Echo make Mia feel? A. Scared. B. Comfortable. C. Nervous. D. Angry. 40. What did Mia do after swimming with Echo in the show? A. She stopped visiting the park. B. She became more confident and talked to other kids. C. She left the school’s swimming team. D. She started to be afraid of swimming again. 【答案】38. A 39. B 40. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了澳大利亚 12 岁女孩米娅（Mia）与名为埃科（Echo）的海豚之间建立特殊友谊的故事。米娅原本性格害羞、不敢与其他孩子交流，在海洋公园偶遇海豚埃科后，她常向埃科倾诉烦恼，而埃科的 “陪伴” 和互动让米娅逐渐变得自信。最终，米娅不仅敢于参与海豚互动表演，还主动与同学交流、加入学校游泳队，彻底克服了害羞的性格，展现了动物与人类之间温暖的情感联结。 38. 细节理解题。 正确选项 A 的依据：文章第二段明确提到 “She loves swimming, but she used to be very shy and afraid to talk to other kids.”（她喜欢游泳，但过去很害羞，不敢和其他孩子说话）。 39. 细节理解题。 正确选项 B 的依据：文章最后一段公园驯兽师的话提到 “Echo probably noticed that Mia was shy, and she tried to make her feel comfortable.”（埃科可能注意到米娅很害羞，并努力让她感到舒适），且前文描述米娅向埃科倾诉烦恼时，埃科会 “点头或发出轻柔的声音”，让米娅觉得 “埃科是她的朋友”，这些细节均体现埃科让米娅感到 “舒适”。 40. 细节理解题。 正确选项 B 的依据：文章第五段明确指出 “After that day, Mia started talking to other kids at school. She even joined the school’s swimming team. ‘Echo helped me realize that I’m brave,’ Mia said.”（那天之后，米娅开始和学校里的其他孩子说话。她甚至加入了学校的游泳队。“埃科帮我意识到自己很勇敢，” 米娅说），直接对应 “变得更自信并和其他孩子交流”。 四、信息还原。（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Keep a Friendship Strong Friendship is like a small tree—it needs to be taken care of to grow strong. 41. ________ Here are some ways to keep your friendship strong. First, keep in touch. Life is busy, but you should make time for your friend. You can send a short message, make a phone call or meet for a cup of milk tea. 42. ________ For example, if your friend has an important exam, send a message to encourage him. If he wins a competition, call him to say “congratulations”. These small actions show you care about him. Second, be honest with each other. Honesty is the foundation (基础) of friendship. If you make a mistake, tell your friend the truth and apologize. 43. ________ If your friend shares a secret with you, don’t tell others. Trust is hard to build but easy to break. Third, support each other in good and bad times. When your friend is happy, share his joy. When he is sad or in trouble, be there for him. 44. ________ For example, if your friend fails a test, help him analyze his mistakes and make a study plan. If he wants to try a new hobby, like learning to play the guitar, encourage him and cheer for his progress. True friends stand by each other no matter what. Fourth, respect each other’s differences. You and your friend may have different hobbies, opinions or lifestyles. 45. ________ For example, if you like reading but your friend likes playing sports, you can try his hobby together and he can try yours. Respecting differences makes your friendship more interesting and colorful. A. Don’t keep secrets from your friend. B. If you don’t take care of it, it may die. C. You don’t have to agree with everything your friend says. D. It doesn’t matter how you keep in touch—what matters is that you do it. E. Friends should always have the same hobbies and opinions. F. You can also celebrate important days together, like birthdays or festivals. G. Never support your friend when he is wrong. 【答案】41. B 42. D 43. A 44. F 45. C 【导语】本文将友谊比作需要呵护的小树，围绕 “如何维系牢固友谊” 这一核心，从 “保持联系”“坦诚相待”“彼此扶持”“尊重差异” 四个关键方面展开，提供了具体可行的方法，强调用心经营对友谊长久的重要性。 41. 选项句意：如果你不呵护它（友谊），它可能会 “枯萎”。 语境匹配原因：前文将友谊比作 “需要呵护才能茁壮成长的小树”（Friendship is like a small tree—it needs to be taken care of to grow strong.），此处需承接 “呵护” 与 “友谊存续” 的逻辑关系，说明 “不呵护” 的后果，形成 “需要呵护→不呵护会枯萎” 的完整比喻链条，引出下文 “维系友谊的方法”，过渡自然。 上下文依据：直接承接前句 “Friendship is like a small tree—it needs to be taken care of to grow strong.”，通过 “if you don’t take care of it” 与前句 “needs to be taken care of” 形成反义呼应，使比喻逻辑连贯。 42. 选项句意：你用什么方式保持联系并不重要，重要的是你确实在这么做。 语境匹配原因：前文提出 “要保持联系”，并列举了发消息、打电话、见面喝奶茶等具体方式（You can send a short message, make a phone call or meet for a cup of milk tea.），此处需对 “联系方式” 与 “联系行为本身” 的重要性进行总结 —— 方式不重要，行动才重要，同时引出后文 “针对朋友重要时刻的小行动”（如考试鼓励、获奖祝贺），说明 “用心联系” 的核心。 上下文依据：承接前句 “You can send a short message, make a phone call or meet for a cup of milk tea.”（列举联系方式），用 “it doesn’t matter how you keep in touch” 弱化 “方式”，用 “what matters is that you do it” 强调 “行动”，并为后句 “These small actions show you care about him”（这些小行动体现关心）铺垫，说明 “联系行动” 的意义。 43. 选项句意：不要对朋友隐瞒秘密。 语境匹配原因：本段主旨是 “彼此坦诚”，前句提到 “犯错要坦诚并道歉”（If you make a mistake, tell your friend the truth and apologize.），后句强调 “朋友分享的秘密不能告诉别人”（If your friend shares a secret with you, don’t tell others.），此处需承接 “坦诚” 与 “秘密” 的关系，说明 “不对朋友隐瞒秘密” 是坦诚的重要体现，与后句 “守护朋友秘密” 形成 “不隐瞒→不泄露” 的逻辑闭环，强化 “诚实是友谊基础” 的观点。 上下文依据：承接前句 “Honesty is the foundation of friendship. If you make a mistake, tell your friend the truth and apologize.”（诚实是友谊基础，犯错要坦诚道歉），并引出后句 “If your friend shares a secret with you, don’t tell others.”（不泄露朋友秘密），用 “Don’t keep secrets from your friend”（不隐瞒秘密）连接 “坦诚” 与 “守秘”，符合 “诚实” 的核心主题。 44. 选项句意：你们也可以一起庆祝重要的日子，比如生日或节日。 语境匹配原因：本段主旨是 “无论顺境逆境都要彼此扶持”，前句分 “顺境分享快乐”“逆境提供支持”（When your friend is happy, share his joy. When he is sad or in trouble, be there for him.），此处需补充 “顺境中扶持” 的具体例子，与后文 “考试失利时帮分析错误”（逆境支持）、“尝试新爱好时鼓励”（顺境支持）形成呼应，说明 “扶持” 既包括困难时的帮助，也包括快乐时的共同庆祝，让 “扶持” 的场景更完整。 上下文依据：承接前句 “When your friend is happy, share his joy.”（朋友开心时分享快乐），用 “celebrate important days together, like birthdays or festivals”（一起庆祝重要日子）作为 “分享快乐” 的具体行动，同时与后句 “if your friend fails a test... If he wants to try a new hobby...”（逆境、顺境的具体支持例子）并列，丰富 “彼此扶持” 的具体表现。 45. 选项句意：你不必认同朋友说的每一件事。 语境匹配原因：本段主旨是 “尊重彼此的差异”，前句提到 “朋友可能有不同爱好、观点或生活方式”（You and your friend may have different hobbies, opinions or lifestyles.），此处需解释 “尊重差异” 的具体含义 —— 不要求完全认同，后句用 “尝试对方爱好” 的例子（if you like reading but your friend likes playing sports, you can try his hobby together...）说明 “尊重差异” 的做法，形成 “承认差异→不强迫认同→主动理解” 的逻辑，避免误解 “尊重” 为 “完全一致”。 上下文依据：承接前句 “You and your friend may have different hobbies, opinions or lifestyles.”（存在差异），用 “You don’t have to agree with everything your friend says”（不必完全认同）解释 “尊重差异” 的核心，与后句 “Respecting differences makes your friendship more interesting and colorful”（尊重差异让友谊更丰富）呼应，同时排除干扰项 E（Friends should always have the same hobbies and opinions.，与 “尊重差异” 相悖），符合段落主旨。 五、综合填空。（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，或根据上下文在空白处填入一个适当的词，使短文通顺、完整。 Friendship is one of the most precious things in life. A good friend can make your life 46. ________ (colorful) and help you through difficult times. Last year, I met my best friend, Emma, at a school art club. She is a 47. ________ (cheer) girl with big bright eyes and short curly hair. Emma is very 48. ________ (help)—she always shares her art supplies with me and teaches me how to draw better. When I first joined the club, I was very shy and afraid to talk to others. Emma noticed my problem and 49. ________ (encourage) me to make more friends. She introduced me to other club members and invited me to join their activities. Emma is also 50. ________ (honest) friend. She never lies to me and always tells me the truth, even when it’s not easy. Once, I copied my classmate’s homework because I was too lazy to do it myself. Emma found out and told me that it was wrong. She said, “Real friends should help each other be better, not let each other do bad things.” Her words made me feel 51. ________ (ashamed), but I also knew she was right. I apologized to my teacher and promised to do my own homework from then on. With Emma’s help, I have become 52. ________ (confident) than before. I can now speak in front of the class and have more friends. We often spend weekends together—sometimes we go to the park to draw, sometimes we visit the art museum, and sometimes we just stay at home and talk about our dreams. I think Emma is the 53. ________ (wonderful) friend I have ever had. She has taught me the importance of 54. ________ (be) kind, honest and brave. I hope our friendship 55. ________ (last) forever. 【答案】46. more colorful 47. cheerful 48. helpful 49. encouraged 50. an honest 51. ashamed 52. more confident 53. most wonderful 54. being 55. will last 【导语】本文以作者的亲身经历为线索，讲述了与挚友 Emma 在学校艺术俱乐部相识的故事。文中通过 Emma 分享美术用品、鼓励作者交友、指出作者抄作业的错误等具体事例，展现了真挚友谊的价值，体现了 Emma 善良、诚实的品质，以及这份友谊对作者成长（变得自信、勇敢）的积极影响，表达了作者对这份友谊长久延续的期盼。 46. 句意：一个好朋友能让你的生活更加多彩，并帮你度过困难时期。​ 语境匹配依据：此处隐含 “有好朋友” 与 “没有好朋友” 的生活状态对比，需要用形容词的比较级形式。结合空前的 “make your life”，“colorful”（多彩的）的比较级 “more colorful” 符合 “让生活变得更美好” 的语境，无特定单一原文句子直接引用，但从全文 “友谊带来积极改变” 的核心逻辑可推断此处需用比较级。47. 句意：她是一个开朗的女孩，有着明亮的大眼睛和短短的卷发。​ 语境匹配依据：此处需要形容词修饰名词 “girl”，“cheer”（欢呼，动词）的形容词形式 “cheerful”（开朗的、愉快的）符合对人物外貌之外的性格特征描述，无特定原文引用，仅从 “描述女孩特质” 的语法需求和语境逻辑可确定。​ 48. 句意：Emma 非常乐于助人 —— 她总是和我分享美术用品，还教我如何画得更好。​ 语境匹配依据：此处需要形容词作表语，说明 Emma 的性格特点。后文 “she always shares her art supplies with me and teaches me how to draw better” 是对前文性格的具体举例，“help”（帮助，动词 / 名词）的形容词形式 “helpful”（乐于助人的）与该事例完全对应，符合 “先总述性格，后举例说明” 的行文逻辑。​ 49. 句意：Emma 注意到了我的问题，鼓励我交更多朋友。​ 语境匹配依据：此处需要动词作谓语，且时态需与前文 “noticed”（注意到，一般过去时）保持一致（讲述过去发生的事情）。“encourage”（鼓励，动词原形）的过去式 “encouraged” 符合时态要求；同时，后文 “She introduced me to other club members and invited me to join their activities” 是 “鼓励我交友” 的具体行动，与 “encouraged” 形成 “先提出鼓励，后落实行动” 的逻辑关联，确保语义连贯。​ 50. 句意：Emma 也是一个诚实的朋友。​ 语境匹配依据：此处需要 “冠词 + 形容词” 修饰名词 “friend”，“honest”（诚实的）以元音音素开头，故用 “an” 而非 “a”；后文 “She never lies to me and always tells me the truth, even when it’s not easy” 是对 “honest” 的具体解释，明确体现了 “诚实” 的特质，前后内容直接呼应，确定 “an honest” 为正确答案。51. 句意：她的话让我感到羞愧，但我也知道她是对的。​ 语境匹配依据：此处需要形容词作表语，描述作者听到 Emma 指出错误后的感受。前文 “Once, I copied my classmate’s homework... Emma found out and told me that it was wrong” 说明作者做了错事并被朋友指出，“ashamed”（羞愧的）符合 “犯错后被批评时的愧疚心理”，与前文 “抄作业” 的错误行为和 Emma 的指正直接关联，体现情绪与事件的合理对应。​ 52. 句意：在 Emma 的帮助下，我变得比以前更自信了。​ 语境匹配依据：此处有明确的比较标志词 “than before”，需用形容词的比较级形式。后文 “I can now speak in front of the class and have more friends” 是 “变得更自信” 的具体表现（敢在全班面前发言、有更多朋友），“confident”（自信的）的比较级 “more confident” 既符合 “than” 引导的比较结构，又与后文的成长表现相契合。​ 53. 句意：我认为 Emma 是我有过的最好的朋友。​ 语境匹配依据：此处有定冠词 “the”，且后文 “that I have ever had”（我曾经有过的）表示范围（“我所有朋友中”），需用形容词的最高级形式。“wonderful”（极好的）的最高级 “most wonderful” 符合 “在特定范围内表示最高程度” 的语法规则，同时结合全文对 Emma 的正面描述（乐于助人、诚实、帮助作者成长），“most wonderful” 能体现作者对 Emma 的高度认可。​ 54. 句意：她教会了我善良、诚实和勇敢的重要性。​ 语境匹配依据：此处 “of” 是介词，介词后需接名词或动名词形式。“be”（是，系动词）的动名词形式 “being” 符合 “介词 + 动名词” 的语法结构，“being kind, honest and brave”（保持善良、诚实和勇敢）作为 “the importance”（重要性）的定语，语义通顺，符合 “教会某人某品质的重要性” 的语境。​ 55. 答案：will last​ 句意：我希望我们的友谊能永远延续。​ 语境匹配依据：此处 “hope”（希望）后接宾语从句，从句描述的是 “未来的情况”（“永远延续” 是对未来的期盼），需用一般将来时（will + 动词原形）。“last”（延续，动词原形）的一般将来时 “will last” 符合 “hope 后接将来时宾语从句” 的语法规则，同时结合全文对友谊的珍视，“will last forever” 能表达作者对友谊长久的美好愿望。 六、首字母填空。（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，补全空格内单词，使短文完整、通顺。 Friendship in Traditional Chinese Culture In traditional Chinese culture, friendship is highly valued. People often say, "A friend in need is a friend indeed." This old saying tells us that true friends will stand by us when we are in t56______. One of the most famous stories about friendship in Chinese history is the story of "Guan Zhong and Bao Shuya". They were good friends who supported each other through difficult times. Bao Shuya believed in Guan Zhong’s talents, even when others didn’t. Later, Guan Zhong became a great official and helped his country become strong. He always said that he couldn’t have succeeded w57______ Bao Shuya’s help. This story shows that true friends trust and support each other. In traditional Chinese culture, friends often use special words to d58______ their friendship. For example, "Jin Lan Friends" refers to friends who make a promise to support each other like family. They share joys and sorrows, and they are always there for each other. Another important part of friendship in traditional Chinese culture is r59______. Friends should respect each other’s opinions and feelings. They shouldn’t force their own ideas on each other. They also should be h60______—lying to a friend is considered very bad. Today, many of these traditional ideas about friendship are still kept. Chinese people still believe that true friendship is based on trust, support, and respect. They also believe that friendship takes time to grow. You can’t become true friends with someone in a day; it n61______ patience and care. In modern China, people make friends in many ways—at school, at work, or through hobbies. But no matter how they meet, the v62______ of true friendship remain the same. A good friend will help you when you are in trouble, listen to you when you are sad, and celebrate with you when you are happy. Friendship is also an important part of Chinese festivals. During festivals like the Spring Festival or the Mid-Autumn Festival, friends often visit each other, exchange gifts, and share meals. These moments help s63______ their friendship. In conclusion, friendship has always been an important part of Chinese culture. It is a v64______ that has been passed down from generation to generation. As the old saying goes, "True friendship is more valuable than gold." We should all cherish our friends and work hard to keep our friendships s65______ and long-lasting. 【答案】56. trouble 57. without 58. describe 59. respect 60. honest 61. needs 62. values 63. strengthen 64. value 65. strong 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要围绕中国传统文化中的 “友谊” 展开，通过引用俗语、历史故事（管仲与鲍叔牙）、传统友谊称谓（金兰之交）等内容，阐述了中国传统文化中友谊的核心内涵 —— 信任、支持、尊重与真诚；同时指出这些传统友谊观念在现代中国依然被传承，友谊也是中国节日文化的重要组成部分，最终强调友谊是中国文化中代代相传的宝贵财富，需用心珍惜以保持长久。 56. 句意：这句古语告诉我们，真正的朋友会在我们陷入困境时支持我们。 解题依据：前文明确引用俗语 “A friend in need is a friend indeed”，其字面含义为 “在需要时的朋友才是真朋友”，“in need” 对应后文 “in t______”，结合语境可推断此处需填 “trouble”（困境），构成固定搭配 “in trouble”（陷入困境）。 57. 句意：他（管仲）总是说，没有鲍叔牙的帮助，他不可能成功。 解题依据：前文提到 “Bao Shuya believed in Guan Zhong’s talents... Guan Zhong became a great official”，清晰体现鲍叔牙对管仲的帮助是其成功的关键；后文 “couldn’t have succeeded”（不可能成功）表否定，需填入表 “没有” 的介词，“without”（没有）符合逻辑，即 “没有帮助就无法成功”。 58. 句意：在中国传统文化中，人们常用特殊的词汇来描述他们的友谊。 解题依据：后文举例 “‘Jin Lan Friends’ refers to friends who...”（“金兰之交” 指的是…… 的朋友），“refers to”（指的是）表明该短语是对友谊的 “定义 / 描述”，结合前文 “use special words to d______”（用特殊词汇去……），可推断此处需填 “describe”（描述），即 “用词汇描述友谊”。 59. 句意：中国传统文化中友谊的另一个重要部分是尊重。 解题依据：后文明确说明 “Friends should respect each other’s opinions and feelings”（朋友应尊重彼此的观点和感受），“respect”（尊重）是该句核心词，且前文 “Another important part of friendship”（友谊的另一个重要部分）提示此处需填该核心名词，故答案为 “respect”。 60. 句意：他们也应该真诚 —— 对朋友撒谎被认为是非常不好的行为。 解题依据：后文 “lying to a friend is considered very bad”（对朋友撒谎很不好）是对前文品质的反向说明，“不撒谎” 对应的正向品质是 “诚实、真诚”，结合前文 “should be h______”（应该是…… 的），需填形容词 “honest”（真诚的、诚实的）。 61. 句意：你不可能在一天内和某人成为真正的朋友，这需要耐心和关心。 解题依据：前文 “friendship takes time to grow”（友谊需要时间培养）和 “You can’t become true friends with someone in a day”（无法一天成为挚友）均强调友谊的 “长期性”，后文 “patience and care”（耐心和关心）是培养友谊所需的条件，结合 “it n______ patience and care”（它…… 耐心和关心），“it” 指代 “培养友谊”，需填 “needs”（需要），表示 “需要耐心和关心”。 62. 句意：但无论他们如何相遇，真正友谊的价值观始终不变。 解题依据：前文提到 “many of these traditional ideas about friendship are still kept”（许多传统友谊观念仍被保留），“traditional ideas”（传统观念）本质是友谊的 “价值观”；后文 “remain the same”（始终不变）说明该事物具有稳定性，结合 “the v______ of true friendship”（真正友谊的……），需填 “values”（价值观，复数形式，因友谊价值观包含信任、支持等多个方面）。 63. 句意：这些时刻有助于巩固他们的友谊。 解题依据：前文描述 “During festivals... friends often visit each other, exchange gifts, and share meals”（节日期间朋友互相拜访、送礼物、共餐），这些互动行为对友谊的作用是 “增进、巩固”；结合 “help s______ their friendship”（帮助…… 他们的友谊），“help do sth”（帮助做某事）后接动词原形，“strengthen”（巩固、加强）符合语境，即 “互动巩固友谊”。 64. 句意：它（友谊）是一种代代相传的宝贵品质（财富）。 解题依据：前文总结 “friendship has always been an important part of Chinese culture”（友谊是中国文化的重要部分），后文引用俗语 “True friendship is more valuable than gold”（真正的友谊比黄金更珍贵），均强调友谊的 “价值”；结合 “it is a v______”（它是一种……），需填名词 “value”（价值、宝贵品质）。 65. 句意：我们都应该珍惜朋友，并努力让友谊牢固且长久。 解题依据：前文强调友谊需 “珍惜” 和 “培养”，后文 “long-lasting”（长久的）是对友谊状态的描述，且 “and” 连接并列形容词，需填入与 “long-lasting” 语义一致、表 “稳固” 的词；“strong”（牢固的、坚强的）符合语境，即 “友谊既牢固又长久”。 七、任务型阅读。（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。注意：每题答案不得超过 10 个词。 Friendship Among Elderly People in China In recent years, more and more elderly people in China have been building strong friendships, which bring them joy and support in their later lives. Ms. Wang, 72 years old, lives in Beijing. She made friends with three other women—Ms. Li, Ms. Zhang, and Ms. Zhao—at a community garden five years ago. Every morning, they meet at the garden to do tai chi (太极) together. After that, they sit on a bench and chat about their daily lives—their children, their grandchildren, or interesting things they saw on TV. "Before I met them, I felt very lonely," Ms. Wang said. "My children work in other cities, so I live alone. But now, I look forward to every morning because I know I will see my friends." These four friends also help each other in many ways. Last year, Ms. Li fell and hurt her leg. Ms. Wang, Ms. Zhang, and Ms. Zhao took turns visiting her and bringing her meals. They also helped her clean her house and take care of her plants. "They are like my family," Ms. Li said. "I don’t know what I would have done without them." Another group of elderly friends in Shanghai has a different way of staying connected. They formed a "book club" three years ago. Every Saturday afternoon, they meet at a community center to read and discuss books. Most of the books they read are about Chinese history or traditional culture. "Reading together helps us learn new things, and discussing the books brings us closer," said Mr. Chen, 78 years old. "We also share our own stories and experiences while talking about the books. It’s very interesting." These friendships are not just fun—they also have many health benefits. Studies show that elderly people with strong friendships are less likely to feel lonely or depressed (抑郁的). They also have better physical health, because they are more active and take better care of themselves when they have friends to support them. Many communities in China are now encouraging elderly people to make friends. They organize activities like tai chi classes, book clubs, and craft (手工) workshops. These activities give elderly people a chance to meet others and build new friendships. "We want to help elderly people live happy and healthy lives," said a community worker in Guangzhou. "Friendship is an important part of that." 66. Where did Ms. Wang meet her three friends? 67. What do Ms. Wang and her friends do every morning? 68. How did Ms. Wang, Ms. Zhang, and Ms. Zhao help Ms. Li when she fell and hurt her leg? 69. What do the elderly book club members in Shanghai do every Saturday afternoon? 70. What benefits do elderly people get from having strong friendships? 【答案】66. At a community garden. 67. They do tai chi and chat. 68. They visited, brought meals, etc. 69. They read and discuss books. 70. Less loneliness, better health. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主旨是介绍中国老年人之间的友谊状况，通过北京王女士等人的太极社交、上海老年读书俱乐部的案例，展现友谊给老年人带来的快乐、支持及健康益处，同时提及社区为促进老年人交友所做的努力。 66. 题目意思：王女士在哪里认识她的三位朋友？ 解析：根据短文中 “Ms. Wang... made friends with three other women... at a community garden five years ago” 可知，地点是社区花园，且答案符合 “不超过 10 个词” 要求。 67. 题目意思：王女士和她的朋友每天早上做什么？ 解析：由 “Every morning, they meet at the garden to do tai chi together. After that, they sit on a bench and chat about their daily lives” 可知，她们的活动是打太极和聊天，简化后答案符合字数限制。 68. 题目意思：当李女士摔倒腿受伤时，王女士、张女士和赵女士是如何帮助她的？ 解析：依据 “Ms. Wang, Ms. Zhang, and Ms. Zhao took turns visiting her and bringing her meals. They also helped her clean her house and take care of her plants”，核心帮助行为是探望、送 meals 等，用 “etc.” 涵盖其余帮助，符合字数要求。 69. 题目意思：上海老年读书俱乐部成员每周六下午做什么？ 解析：根据 “Every Saturday afternoon, they meet at a community center to read and discuss books”，直接提取核心活动 “读书和讨论书籍”，答案简洁且符合字数规定。 70. 题目意思：老年人从牢固的友谊中获得什么益处？ 解析：由 “Studies show that elderly people with strong friendships are less likely to feel lonely or depressed. They also have better physical health” 可知，益处是减少孤独感和更健康，简化后答案符合字数要求。 八、书面表达。(20分) 假设你校英文报正在举办以 “True Friendship” 为主题的征文活动，请你根据以下要点，写一篇短文投稿，介绍你对真挚友谊的理解以及你与挚友的故事。 要点： 1. 你认为真挚友谊应具备的重要品质（至少两点）； 2. 分享一个你与挚友之间体现真挚友谊的小故事； 3. 你从这段友谊中获得的感悟。 要求： 1. 词数 80-100（开头已给出，不计入总词数）； 2. 条理清晰，语句通顺，语法正确； 3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。 True Friendship True friendship is one of the most precious things in life. In my opinion, 例文： True Friendship True friendship is one of the most precious things in life. In my opinion, true friendship should be based on trust and support. Friends need to trust each other and be there for one another when in trouble. I have a best friend named Lily. Last term, I got a bad grade in the math exam and felt very down. Lily didn't laugh at me. Instead, she spent her weekends helping me review the knowledge I missed. She explained difficult problems patiently until I understood. With her help, I made great progress in the next exam. From this friendship, I learn that true friends can make us stronger. I will cherish this precious friendship forever. 【解析】 [总体分析] 一、题材：本文属于 “观点 + 叙事” 结合的议论文体。既要明确表达对 “真挚友谊品质” 的观点，又要通过具体故事（叙事）支撑观点，最后升华感悟，做到 “观点鲜明、故事真实、感悟深刻”，符合英文报征文 “贴近生活、传递正能量” 的定位。​ 二、时态：以一般现在时和一般过去时为主。​ 1. 阐述 “真挚友谊的品质”（如信任、支持）和 “从中获得的感悟” 时，用一般现在时（表示普遍真理或持续的认知）；​ 2. 讲述 “与挚友的小故事”（如过去考试失利、朋友帮忙）时，用一般过去时（表示过去发生的具体事件）。 三、写作提示：​ 1. 要点需完整覆盖，不可遗漏 “品质”“故事”“感悟” 三者；​ 2. 故事要 “小而具体”，避免空泛（如不用 “朋友经常帮我”，而用 “周末帮我复习数学难题” 这类细节）；​ 3. 词数控制在 80-100 之间，开头已给出，需合理分配各部分篇幅（品质 1-2 句，故事 3-4 句，感悟 1-2 句）； 4. 避免真实人名、校名，可用 “Lily”“Tom” 等常见英文名，学校相关内容用 “my school”“the math exam” 等模糊表述。 [写作步骤] 第一步：阐述真挚友谊的品质（承接开头，明确观点）​ 开头已给出 “True friendship is one of the most precious things in life.”，接下来需用 1-2 句话说明 “重要品质”。先总起 “ In my opinion, true friendship should be based on...（品质 1） and...（品质 2）”，再简单解释品质（如 “Friends need to...（具体行为体现品质）”）。​ 示例：In my opinion, true friendship should be based on trust and support. Friends need to share their true feelings with each other and help out when one is in trouble.​ 第二步：讲述与挚友的小故事（支撑观点，细节落地）​ 先点明挚友（“I have a best friend named...”），再用一般过去时描述具体事件：先讲 “问题背景”（如考试失利、生病缺课），再讲 “朋友的帮助”（如周末复习、补笔记），最后讲 “结果”（如成绩进步、赶上课程）。​ 示例：I have a best friend named Tom. Last month, I was ill and missed three days of school. Tom didn’t just tell me the homework; he came to my home after school and copied his notes for me. He even explained the new grammar rules I didn’t learn. Later, I caught up with my classmates easily.​ 第三步：表达从中获得的感悟（升华主题，总结收尾）​ 用 “From this friendship, I learn that...” 或 “I realize that...” 引出感悟，感悟需与前文的 “品质” 和 “故事” 呼应（如故事体现 “支持”，感悟就围绕 “朋友让我们更坚强” 展开），最后可加一句 “珍惜友谊” 的表态。​ 示例：From this friendship, I learn that true friends are like bright lights in life—they guide us when we’re lost. I will keep this friendship in my heart forever. [亮点词汇] 1. 描述友谊品质：trust（信任）、support（支持）、honesty（真诚）、understanding（理解）、care（关心）、loyalty（忠诚）；​ 2. 描述朋友行为：help...review（帮助复习）、explain patiently（耐心解释）、copy notes（抄笔记）、cheer up（鼓励）、help out（帮忙解决困难）；​ 3. 描述感悟与情感：precious（珍贵的）、cherish（珍惜）、make sb. stronger（让某人更坚强）、guide sb.（指引某人）、keep in heart（记在心里）。 [高分句型] 1观点表达句型：​ In my opinion, true friendship should be based on...and...（在我看来，真挚的友谊应建立在…… 和…… 之上）； For a real friendship, two important things are...—first,...second,...（对于真正的友谊，两件重要的事是……—— 第一，…… 第二，……）。​ 2. 故事叙述句型：​ Last [时间], I [遇到的问题], and I felt very [情绪]. [朋友名字] didn’t [负面行为], instead, he/she [正面帮助行为].（去年 / 上个月，我……，我感到很……。…… 没有……，反而……）；​ With his/her help, I [获得的结果] in the end.（在他 / 她的帮助下，我最终……）。​ 3. 感悟总结句型：​ From this friendship, I learn that true friends can...（从这段友谊中，我明白真正的朋友能……）；​ I realize that true friendship isn’t about..., but about...（我意识到，真挚的友谊不在于……，而在于……）；​ This experience tells me that a real friend is someone who...（这次经历告诉我，真正的朋友是…… 的人）。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年八年级上册英语单元测试（南通专用） Unit 1·培优卷（参考答案） 一、单项选择。(本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分) 1. A 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C 二、完形填空。(本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分) 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. C 15. D 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. A 21. A 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. A 三、阅读理解。(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. B 37. B 38. A 39. B 40. B 四、信息还原。（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 41. B 42. D 43. A 44. F 45. C 五、综合填空。（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 46. more colorful 47. cheerful 48. helpful 49. encouraged 50. an 51. ashamed 52. more confident 53. most wonderful 54. being 55. will last 六、首字母填空。（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 56. trouble 57. without 58. describe 59. respect 60. honest 61. needs 62. values 63. strengthen 64. value 65. strong 七、任务型阅读。（共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 66. At a community garden. 67. They do tai chi and chat. 68. They visited, brought meals, etc. 69. They read and discuss books. 70. Less loneliness, better health. 八、书面表达。(20分) True Friendship True friendship is one of the most precious things in life. In my opinion, true friendship should be based on trust and support. Friends need to trust each other and be there for one another when in trouble. I have a best friend named Lily. Last term, I got a bad grade in the math exam and felt very down. Lily didn't laugh at me. Instead, she spent her weekends helping me review the knowledge I missed. She explained difficult problems patiently until I understood. With her help, I made great progress in the next exam. From this friendship, I learn that true friends can make us stronger. I will cherish this precious friendship forever. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$