第22讲 表语从句（专项训练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

第22讲 表语从句 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01 考查连接代词 考向02 考查连接副词 考向03 考查连接词that, whether, if 考向04 考查表语从句中的虚拟语气 02 核心突破练 03 真题溯源练 考向01 考查连接代词 在空白处填入适当的单词。 1.（2025·湖北荆州·模拟试题） That’s a group of parents and students in Hangzhou has found out this semester. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是杭州一群家长和学生本学期所发现的。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指代的是“家长和学生们本学期所发现的事情”，因此用连接代词what引导。故填what。 2.（2025·江苏·模拟预测）That’s ____ inspired the design of Al Bahar Towers, a 25-story building wrapped in more than 1,000 hexagonal (六边形的) shades with built-in sensors that allow them to respond to the sun’s movements. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是Al Bahar Towers的设计灵感，这是一座25层的建筑，被1000多个六边形阴影包裹着，内置传感器使其能够对太阳的运动做出反应。此处为连接词引导的表语从句，从句中缺主语，由句意知，应用连接代词what引导，表“什么”。故填what。 3. He studied hard and later became a well-known physician, which was his father had expected. 【答案】what 【解析】考查连接代词。句意：他刻苦学习，后来成为了一名著名的医生，这正是他父亲所期望的。空格后的部分是表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且意义为“……的事物”，所以用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 4．An explosive mixture of gun-powder and chemical compounds (化合物) is makes fireworks flash in pretty colours and fun shapes. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：一种由火药和化合物混合而成的爆炸性物质，是使得烟花能够呈现出绚丽多彩的色彩和有趣的形状的物质。空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作主语，指物，所以应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 5. The question is will be the lucky dog for the job at the famous company. 【答案】who 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：问题是谁会成为这家著名公司这份工作的幸运儿。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少主语，且指代“人”，表示“谁”，应用连接代词who。故填who。 6. Something else I’d like to know is house was broken into. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：我还想知道谁的房子被破门而入了。分析句子可知，句子为表语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中缺少定语，表示“谁的”，故应用“whose”引导从句。故填whose。 7．When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone scared (scare). The truth, though, is could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：当尼克跑到前面时，我能听到它兴奋地叫着。我有时会把它叫回来，担心它可能会吓到别人。然而，事实正如人们所能猜到的那样——这里从来就没有其他人。只有我、尼克和这片寂静的森林。is后为表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用what“……的事情”引导。故填what。 8．The truth, though, is could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：然而，事实是可以猜到的 —— 这里从来没有其他人。只有我、尼克和这片寂静的森林。分析句子可知，“is”后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用连接代词what引导，what在从句中作主语，意为“……的事情”。故填what。 9．One thing to consider is you can turn to for help when you are in trouble. 【答案】who/whom 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：需要考虑的一点是，当你遇到困难时，你可以向谁寻求帮助。引导表语从句，从句缺少宾语，指人，故填who/whom。 10．He is is known as a Jack of all trades — he seems to know everything, but in fact master of none. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他就是个所谓的万事通 —— 似乎什么都知道，但实际上什么都不精通。此处为表语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，应用what来引导，指代“……的人/事物”。故填what。 11．Knowing that the kids now have money for school is keeps me going and gives me more energy. 【答案】what 【解析】考查连接代词。句意：知道孩子们现在有钱上学是我继续前进的动力，给了我更多的精力。 keeps me going是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，且意义为“……的事物”，所以应该用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 12．The problem is method we should adopt to solve this complex problem. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：问题是我们应该采用什么方法来解决这个复杂的问题。分析句子结构可知，“is”后是表语从句，从句缺少定语，修饰名词method，表示“什么”，故用连接代词what引导。故填what。 考向02 考查连接副词 在空白处填入适当的单词。 1.（2025·湖北荆州·阶段练习）You cannot judge a book by looking at its cover, and neither can you judge a good class teacher by looking at her degree. That’s a group of parents and students in Hangzhou has found out this semester. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是杭州一群家长和学生本学期所发现的。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指代的是“家长和学生们本学期所发现的事情”，因此用连接代词what引导。故填what。 2.（2025·山东·模拟预测）That’s each Spring Festival, millions of people from across the country embark on the journey home,making the phenomenon the greatest human migration on Earth. 【答案】why 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么每年春节，数百万人从全国各地踏上回家的旅程，使这种现象成为地球上最大规模的人类迁徙。此处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，应用连接副词why“为什么”。故填why。 3.Jane attends Opportunities Academy, a programme for young adults with disabilities. This was really they learned about how to care about others. 【答案】where 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：简参加了Opportunities Academy，这是一所专为有残疾的年轻成年人设立的项目。正是在这里，他们才真正学会了如何关心他人。was后是表语从句，结合前文Jane attends Opportunities Academy可知，设空处所在句表达“这是他们学习如何关心他人的地方”，从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。 4．What took the dog a single weekend to learn is it can sit on the back of the bike in a dog carrier to travel the world. 【答案】how 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这只狗只用了一个周末就学会的是，它可以如何坐在自行车后座的狗笼里环游世界。is后为表语从句，结合语意，此处表示的是狗学会如何坐在自行车后座的狗笼里环游世界，所以空处应用how引导表语从句。故填how。 5. is most extraordinary about these complex structures is they were built without the use of wheels, metal tools or even animal power. 【答案】 What how 【解析】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：这些复杂的建筑最不寻常之处在于它们是如何在没有使用轮子、金属工具甚至动物动力的情况下建造的。第一空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what，首字母大写；第二空引导表语从句，从句缺少方式状语，用how引导，意为“如何”。故填①What；②how。 6. The funniest moment was someone watching the race offered me a banana — a real treat for running gorilla! 【答案】when 【解析】考查表语从句引导词。句意：最有趣的时刻是有人在观看比赛时给了我一根香蕉——对跑步的大猩猩来说真是一种享受！此处引导表语从句，连接词在从句中作时间状语，应用连接副词when引导。故填when。 7．The essence of good leadership is you inspire and motivate your team to achieve their goals. 【答案】how 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：优秀领导的本质在于你如何激励和鼓舞团队实现他们的目标。空处引导表语从句，表示如何激励和鼓舞团队，在从句中作方式状语，应用连接副词how引导从句。故填how。 7. I love reading books because they can expand my knowledge. That’s I always carry a book with me. 【答案】why 【解析】考查连接副词。句意：我喜欢读书，因为它们能扩展我的知识。这就是我总是随身带一本书的原因。空格处引导表语从句，且意义为“为什么”，应该用连接副词why；that’s why…为固定句式，意为“这就是为什么……”。故填why。 9．He is addicted to computer games, and that is he has to drop out of school. 【答案】why 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他沉迷于电脑游戏，这就是他不得不辍学的原因。分析句子结构可知，此处为连接词引导的表语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，根据句意，前文“He is addicted to computer games”是“he has to drop out of school”的原因，因此应用连接副词“why”引导表语从句，强调结果背后的原因。故填why。 4．Blackpool was I got my first taste of the world of entertainment. 【答案】where 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：布莱克浦是我第一次体验娱乐世界的地方。“I got my first taste of the world of entertainment”是表语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，缺少地点状语，表示“在那里”，应用连接副词where引导表语从句。故填where。 考向03 考查连接词that, whether, if 在空白处填入适当的单词。 1．An important difference between China and many other ancient cultures is many Chinese artists were not professionals but amateurs who were also scholars. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：中国与许多其他古老文化的一个重要区别在于：许多中国艺术家并非职业人士，而是业余爱好者，同时他们还是学者。空处引导表语从句，从句在语义和成分上均完整，故应用连接词 that 引导。故填that。 2．Whatever the resulting book’s provenance (来源), millions of people read it. One of the mysteries of its wild success is so many readers could tolerate the book’s excess of adjectives, punctuation, profanity (粗俗的语言), and slang. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句引导词。句意：无论这本最终成书的来源如何，数百万人都读过它。它大获成功的谜团之一是，如此多的读者能够忍受书中过多的形容词、标点、粗俗语言和俚语。分析句子结构可知，“is”后为表语从句，从句“so many readers could tolerate...slang”结构完整，不缺少成分，应用连词 that 引导表语从句，that 在从句中无实际意义，仅起连接作用。故答案为 that。 3．Adebowale said hospitals and GP surgeries would struggle to cope in the extreme heat. “The fact is we have crumbling buildings. We’ve had ten years of austerity in which hospitals have not been invested in, in terms of capital buildings,” he said. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：阿德博瓦莱说，医院和全科医生诊所难以应付极端高温。“事实是，我们的建筑摇摇欲坠。我们经历了十年的财政紧缩，在资本性建筑方面，医院没有得到投资。”他说。此空考查that引导的表语从句，that在从句中不作成分，但不能省略。故填that。 4．He keeps yawning in class this morning. That is he stayed up late doing his homework last night. 【答案】because 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：今天上午在课堂上他一直在打哈欠。那是因为他昨天晚上写家庭作业熬夜到很晚。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，is是系动词，后面接表语从句，应用because引导该从句解释原因，故填because。 5．What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：关于四川火锅，我最喜欢的是它们提供了一个与朋友社交的好机会。“What I love best about Sichuan hot pots”是主语从句，is是系动词，其后接表语从句。在表语从句“they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends”中，句子结构完整，不缺少任何成分，语义也完整，这种情况下需要用that引导表语从句，that在从句中不充当任何成分，无实际意义，只起连接作用。故填that。 6．You should send handwritten letters. It is these letters have surprising benefits for helping your health and enriching your relationships. 【答案】because 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：你应该寄手写的信。这是因为这些信件在有益健康和增进人际关系方面有着惊人的好处。空处引导表语从句，解释说明前文“You should send handwritten letters”的原因，应用连接词because“因为”。故填because。 7．When George got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as he could “see” the beauty of the world around him. 【答案】if/though 【解析】考查连词短语。句意：当乔治沉浸在他的音乐世界中时，他觉得仿佛能“看到”周围世界的美好。as if和as though都有“仿佛，好像”的意思，引导表语从句。故填if/though。 8．He didn’t attend the meeting and this was he got injured on his way. 【答案】because 【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意：他没有参加会议，这是因为他在路上受伤了。设空处引导表语从句，阐述原因，表示“因为”，连接词用because。故填because。 9．The reason why Apple holds the largest market share in overseas smartphone industry is it stills maintains technological advances. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：苹果公司之所以能在海外智能手机行业占据最大的市场份额，是因为它仍然保持着技术上的领先。分析句子，该空需要一个连接词引导表语从句，解释reason的具体内容，从句是一个陈述句，成分完整，应填that；名词reason作主语时，其表语从句使用that引导，The reason....is that....句型。故填that。 10．And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他们变得如此强壮和健康的原因是他们的心脏现在可以更好地充血，在运动中泵出更多的血液。引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分和句意，故用that。故填that。 题型一 表语从句汉译英 把下列汉语句子翻译成英语。 1．那就是他为我们班级获得奖牌的方式。(how) (汉译英) 2．我们打败了对手，那是因为我们的团队有一个好教练。( because) (汉译英) 3．问题是我们是否需要更多的投资来继续这个项目。（whether）（汉译英） 4．你的雨伞就在你刚才放的地方。(where) (汉译英) 5．我钦佩他的原因是他积极的人生态度对我影响很大。(汉译英) 6．要记住的一件事是，早晨的阳光很重要，它告诉你的大脑是时候醒来了。（keep）(汉译英) 7．被称作购物者天堂是这座旅游城市的吸引力之一。(refer) (汉译英) 8．她成为一名优秀教师的原因是她对学生充满耐心。(汉译英) 9．令我担心的事情是，我们的航班由于恶劣的天气被延误。（what upset me引导主语从句）（汉译英） 10．重要的是勤能补拙。（What, lack）(汉译英) 题型二 表语从句英译汉 把下列英语句子翻译成汉语。 1．This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. (英译汉) 2．One of the key reasons behind this is that while a book usually takes a few days to read, a movie typically lasts under two hours. (英译汉) 3．The reason why he was late is that his bike broke down. (英译汉) 4．However, my opinion is that students need to get used to tough comments when they don’t do good work. (英译汉) 5．The highest form of ignorance is when you reject something you don’t know anything about（英译汉） 6．The reason why many people compose poems is that they love life. (英译汉) 7．That’s where satellite tracking comes in. (英译汉) 8．This is why we’re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes. (英译汉) 9．That is why it is so important to brush your teeth twice every day. (英译汉) 10．That’s why we haven’t noticed that sugar can be compared with illegal substances. (英译汉) 1．（2010·江苏·高考真题）—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. —That’s ______ I don’t agree. You should have a more active life. A．where B．how C．when D．what 2．（2021·天津·高考真题）It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be. A．when B．where C．what D．whether 3．（2021·天津·高考真题）What puzzles Lily’s friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas. A．whether B．why C．what D．when 4．（2018·天津·高考真题）He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was ______ his father had expected. A．why B．how C．that D．what 5．（2014·江苏·高考真题）—What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I’m not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me. A．how B．what C．that D．who 6．（2018·江苏·高考真题）By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived. A．where B．when C．why D．how 7．（2018·北京·高考真题）This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. A．how B．which C．that D．what 8．（2018·北京·高考真题）Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now. A．how B．when C．where D．why 9．（2010·上海·高考真题）One reason for her preference for city life is ___________ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. A．that B．how C．what D．why 10．（2008·天津·高考真题）The last time we had great fun was __________ we were visiting the Water Park. A．where B．how C．when D．why 11．（2016·北京·高考真题）The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _____________ one can be entirely free from dust. A．what B．that C．whether D．why 12．（2015·安徽·高考真题）A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not _____________ ships are built for. A．what B．whom C．why D．when 13．（2014·浙江·高考真题）“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _____ my mother used to tell me. A．what B．how C．that D．whether 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第22讲 表语从句 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01 考查连接代词 考向02 考查连接副词 考向03 考查连接词that, whether, if 考向04 考查表语从句中的虚拟语气 02 核心突破练 03 真题溯源练 考向01 考查连接代词 在空白处填入适当的单词。 1.（2025·湖北荆州·模拟试题） That’s a group of parents and students in Hangzhou has found out this semester. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是杭州一群家长和学生本学期所发现的。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指代的是“家长和学生们本学期所发现的事情”，因此用连接代词what引导。故填what。 2.（2025·江苏·模拟预测）That’s ____ inspired the design of Al Bahar Towers, a 25-story building wrapped in more than 1,000 hexagonal (六边形的) shades with built-in sensors that allow them to respond to the sun’s movements. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是Al Bahar Towers的设计灵感，这是一座25层的建筑，被1000多个六边形阴影包裹着，内置传感器使其能够对太阳的运动做出反应。此处为连接词引导的表语从句，从句中缺主语，由句意知，应用连接代词what引导，表“什么”。故填what。 3. He studied hard and later became a well-known physician, which was his father had expected. 【答案】what 【解析】考查连接代词。句意：他刻苦学习，后来成为了一名著名的医生，这正是他父亲所期望的。空格后的部分是表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且意义为“……的事物”，所以用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 4．An explosive mixture of gun-powder and chemical compounds (化合物) is makes fireworks flash in pretty colours and fun shapes. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：一种由火药和化合物混合而成的爆炸性物质，是使得烟花能够呈现出绚丽多彩的色彩和有趣的形状的物质。空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作主语，指物，所以应用连接代词what引导。故填what。 5. The question is will be the lucky dog for the job at the famous company. 【答案】who 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：问题是谁会成为这家著名公司这份工作的幸运儿。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少主语，且指代“人”，表示“谁”，应用连接代词who。故填who。 6. Something else I’d like to know is house was broken into. 【答案】whose 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：我还想知道谁的房子被破门而入了。分析句子可知，句子为表语从句，空格处单词引导从句，从句中缺少定语，表示“谁的”，故应用“whose”引导从句。故填whose。 7．When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have someone scared (scare). The truth, though, is could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：当尼克跑到前面时，我能听到它兴奋地叫着。我有时会把它叫回来，担心它可能会吓到别人。然而，事实正如人们所能猜到的那样——这里从来就没有其他人。只有我、尼克和这片寂静的森林。is后为表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用what“……的事情”引导。故填what。 8．The truth, though, is could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet forest. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：然而，事实是可以猜到的 —— 这里从来没有其他人。只有我、尼克和这片寂静的森林。分析句子可知，“is”后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用连接代词what引导，what在从句中作主语，意为“……的事情”。故填what。 9．One thing to consider is you can turn to for help when you are in trouble. 【答案】who/whom 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：需要考虑的一点是，当你遇到困难时，你可以向谁寻求帮助。引导表语从句，从句缺少宾语，指人，故填who/whom。 10．He is is known as a Jack of all trades — he seems to know everything, but in fact master of none. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他就是个所谓的万事通 —— 似乎什么都知道，但实际上什么都不精通。此处为表语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，应用what来引导，指代“……的人/事物”。故填what。 11．Knowing that the kids now have money for school is keeps me going and gives me more energy. 【答案】what 【解析】考查连接代词。句意：知道孩子们现在有钱上学是我继续前进的动力，给了我更多的精力。 keeps me going是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，且意义为“……的事物”，所以应该用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 12．The problem is method we should adopt to solve this complex problem. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：问题是我们应该采用什么方法来解决这个复杂的问题。分析句子结构可知，“is”后是表语从句，从句缺少定语，修饰名词method，表示“什么”，故用连接代词what引导。故填what。 考向02 考查连接副词 在空白处填入适当的单词。 1.（2025·湖北荆州·阶段练习）You cannot judge a book by looking at its cover, and neither can you judge a good class teacher by looking at her degree. That’s a group of parents and students in Hangzhou has found out this semester. 【答案】what 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是杭州一群家长和学生本学期所发现的。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指代的是“家长和学生们本学期所发现的事情”，因此用连接代词what引导。故填what。 2.（2025·山东·模拟预测）That’s each Spring Festival, millions of people from across the country embark on the journey home,making the phenomenon the greatest human migration on Earth. 【答案】why 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么每年春节，数百万人从全国各地踏上回家的旅程，使这种现象成为地球上最大规模的人类迁徙。此处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，应用连接副词why“为什么”。故填why。 3.Jane attends Opportunities Academy, a programme for young adults with disabilities. This was really they learned about how to care about others. 【答案】where 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：简参加了Opportunities Academy，这是一所专为有残疾的年轻成年人设立的项目。正是在这里，他们才真正学会了如何关心他人。was后是表语从句，结合前文Jane attends Opportunities Academy可知，设空处所在句表达“这是他们学习如何关心他人的地方”，从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。 4．What took the dog a single weekend to learn is it can sit on the back of the bike in a dog carrier to travel the world. 【答案】how 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这只狗只用了一个周末就学会的是，它可以如何坐在自行车后座的狗笼里环游世界。is后为表语从句，结合语意，此处表示的是狗学会如何坐在自行车后座的狗笼里环游世界，所以空处应用how引导表语从句。故填how。 5. is most extraordinary about these complex structures is they were built without the use of wheels, metal tools or even animal power. 【答案】 What how 【解析】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：这些复杂的建筑最不寻常之处在于它们是如何在没有使用轮子、金属工具甚至动物动力的情况下建造的。第一空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what，首字母大写；第二空引导表语从句，从句缺少方式状语，用how引导，意为“如何”。故填①What；②how。 6. The funniest moment was someone watching the race offered me a banana — a real treat for running gorilla! 【答案】when 【解析】考查表语从句引导词。句意：最有趣的时刻是有人在观看比赛时给了我一根香蕉——对跑步的大猩猩来说真是一种享受！此处引导表语从句，连接词在从句中作时间状语，应用连接副词when引导。故填when。 7．The essence of good leadership is you inspire and motivate your team to achieve their goals. 【答案】how 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：优秀领导的本质在于你如何激励和鼓舞团队实现他们的目标。空处引导表语从句，表示如何激励和鼓舞团队，在从句中作方式状语，应用连接副词how引导从句。故填how。 7. I love reading books because they can expand my knowledge. That’s I always carry a book with me. 【答案】why 【解析】考查连接副词。句意：我喜欢读书，因为它们能扩展我的知识。这就是我总是随身带一本书的原因。空格处引导表语从句，且意义为“为什么”，应该用连接副词why；that’s why…为固定句式，意为“这就是为什么……”。故填why。 9．He is addicted to computer games, and that is he has to drop out of school. 【答案】why 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他沉迷于电脑游戏，这就是他不得不辍学的原因。分析句子结构可知，此处为连接词引导的表语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，根据句意，前文“He is addicted to computer games”是“he has to drop out of school”的原因，因此应用连接副词“why”引导表语从句，强调结果背后的原因。故填why。 4．Blackpool was I got my first taste of the world of entertainment. 【答案】where 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：布莱克浦是我第一次体验娱乐世界的地方。“I got my first taste of the world of entertainment”是表语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，缺少地点状语，表示“在那里”，应用连接副词where引导表语从句。故填where。 考向03 考查连接词that, whether, if 在空白处填入适当的单词。 1．An important difference between China and many other ancient cultures is many Chinese artists were not professionals but amateurs who were also scholars. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：中国与许多其他古老文化的一个重要区别在于：许多中国艺术家并非职业人士，而是业余爱好者，同时他们还是学者。空处引导表语从句，从句在语义和成分上均完整，故应用连接词 that 引导。故填that。 2．Whatever the resulting book’s provenance (来源), millions of people read it. One of the mysteries of its wild success is so many readers could tolerate the book’s excess of adjectives, punctuation, profanity (粗俗的语言), and slang. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句引导词。句意：无论这本最终成书的来源如何，数百万人都读过它。它大获成功的谜团之一是，如此多的读者能够忍受书中过多的形容词、标点、粗俗语言和俚语。分析句子结构可知，“is”后为表语从句，从句“so many readers could tolerate...slang”结构完整，不缺少成分，应用连词 that 引导表语从句，that 在从句中无实际意义，仅起连接作用。故答案为 that。 3．Adebowale said hospitals and GP surgeries would struggle to cope in the extreme heat. “The fact is we have crumbling buildings. We’ve had ten years of austerity in which hospitals have not been invested in, in terms of capital buildings,” he said. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：阿德博瓦莱说，医院和全科医生诊所难以应付极端高温。“事实是，我们的建筑摇摇欲坠。我们经历了十年的财政紧缩，在资本性建筑方面，医院没有得到投资。”他说。此空考查that引导的表语从句，that在从句中不作成分，但不能省略。故填that。 4．He keeps yawning in class this morning. That is he stayed up late doing his homework last night. 【答案】because 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：今天上午在课堂上他一直在打哈欠。那是因为他昨天晚上写家庭作业熬夜到很晚。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，is是系动词，后面接表语从句，应用because引导该从句解释原因，故填because。 5．What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：关于四川火锅，我最喜欢的是它们提供了一个与朋友社交的好机会。“What I love best about Sichuan hot pots”是主语从句，is是系动词，其后接表语从句。在表语从句“they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends”中，句子结构完整，不缺少任何成分，语义也完整，这种情况下需要用that引导表语从句，that在从句中不充当任何成分，无实际意义，只起连接作用。故填that。 6．You should send handwritten letters. It is these letters have surprising benefits for helping your health and enriching your relationships. 【答案】because 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：你应该寄手写的信。这是因为这些信件在有益健康和增进人际关系方面有着惊人的好处。空处引导表语从句，解释说明前文“You should send handwritten letters”的原因，应用连接词because“因为”。故填because。 7．When George got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as he could “see” the beauty of the world around him. 【答案】if/though 【解析】考查连词短语。句意：当乔治沉浸在他的音乐世界中时，他觉得仿佛能“看到”周围世界的美好。as if和as though都有“仿佛，好像”的意思，引导表语从句。故填if/though。 8．He didn’t attend the meeting and this was he got injured on his way. 【答案】because 【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意：他没有参加会议，这是因为他在路上受伤了。设空处引导表语从句，阐述原因，表示“因为”，连接词用because。故填because。 9．The reason why Apple holds the largest market share in overseas smartphone industry is it stills maintains technological advances. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：苹果公司之所以能在海外智能手机行业占据最大的市场份额，是因为它仍然保持着技术上的领先。分析句子，该空需要一个连接词引导表语从句，解释reason的具体内容，从句是一个陈述句，成分完整，应填that；名词reason作主语时，其表语从句使用that引导，The reason....is that....句型。故填that。 10．And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was their hearts could now fill a lot better and pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise. 【答案】that 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他们变得如此强壮和健康的原因是他们的心脏现在可以更好地充血，在运动中泵出更多的血液。引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分和句意，故用that。故填that。 题型一 表语从句汉译英 把下列汉语句子翻译成英语。 1．那就是他为我们班级获得奖牌的方式。(how) (汉译英) 【答案】That is how he won the medal for our class. 【解析】考查表语从句、时态。“那就是……”用That is表示，用一般现在时表现在的情况，其中指示代词“That”指代题目中未给出的指代对象；“他为我们班级获得奖牌的方式”作表语，可处理为连接副词how引导的表语从句，并在从句中作方式状语，从句主语“他”用he，谓语“获得”用动词win，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时态won，宾语“奖牌”用名词the medal，“为我们班级”用介词短语for our class作状语。综上，全句译为：That is how he won the medal for our class. 2．我们打败了对手，那是因为我们的团队有一个好教练。( because) (汉译英) 【答案】We defeated our opponents, which was because our team had a good coach. 【解析】考查名词、动词和定语从句。分析句子可知，这里时态应用一般过去时表过去情况，表示“我们打败了对手”应用we defeated our opponents，为主谓宾结构；表示“那是因为”应用which was because，which指代前面句子，在从句中作主语， because这里引导表语从句；表示“我们的团队有一个好教练”应用our team had a good coach，为主谓宾结构。故翻译为We defeated our opponents, which was because our team had a good coach. 3．问题是我们是否需要更多的投资来继续这个项目。（whether）（汉译英） 【答案】The problem is whether we need more investment to continue the project. 【解析】考查表语从句和连词。根据句意，句子阐述客观情况，使用一般现在时。表示“问题是”为the problem is，位于句首单词首字母需大写；“我们是否需要更多的投资来继续这个项目”为whether引导的表语从句，表示“我们”为we作从句主语，“需要更多的投资”为need more investment，“来继续这个项目”为不定式短语to continue the project作目的状语，所以表语从句译为whether we need more investment to continue the project。故翻译为The problem is whether we need more investment to continue the project. 4．你的雨伞就在你刚才放的地方。(where) (汉译英) 【答案】Your umbrella is where you left it just now. 【解析】考查表语从句和时态。句子主干为主系表结构；主句主语“你的雨伞”为your umbrella；“你刚才放的地方”处理为表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导；从句主语为you；表示“放”用动词leave，后跟it；表示“刚才”为just now，从句动作发生在过去，为一般过去时，主句陈述事实用一般现在时。故翻译为Your umbrella is where you left it just now. 5．我钦佩他的原因是他积极的人生态度对我影响很大。(汉译英) 【答案】The reason why I admire him is that his positive attitude to life has a great effect on me. 【解析】考查从句、短语和名词。表示“我钦佩他的原因”应用The reason why I admire him，其中why引导定语从句修饰先行词reason；表示“是”应用系动词is，构成主系表结构；表示“他积极的人生态度”短语为his positive attitude to life；表示“对我影响很大”短语为has a great effect on me，表语从句中不缺少成分和意思，用that引导。故翻译为The reason why I admire him is that his positive attitude to life has a great effect on me. 6．要记住的一件事是，早晨的阳光很重要，它告诉你的大脑是时候醒来了。（keep）(汉译英) 【答案】One thing to keep in mind is that morning sunlight is important, telling your brain that it’s time to be awake. 【解析】考查动词短语、表语从句、非谓语动词和宾语从句。句子陈述一般性事实，用一般现在时，“要记住的一件事”译为One thing to keep in mind，其中keep in mind是动词短语，意为 “记住”，符合提示词keep的要求，不定式to keep in mind作后置定语修饰One thing。主句系动词为is，其后接表语从句“早晨的阳光很重要”，译为that morning sunlight is important，说明 “要记住的事” 的具体内容。“它告诉你的大脑是时候醒来了”用现在分词短语telling your brain that it’s time to be awake作伴随状语，其中telling与主句主语morning sunlight构成主动关系，that it’s time to be awake是that引导的宾语从句。故翻译为：One thing to keep in mind is that morning sunlight is important, telling your brain that it’s time to be awake. 7．被称作购物者天堂是这座旅游城市的吸引力之一。(refer) (汉译英) 【答案】One of the attractions of this tourist city is that it is referred to as a paradise for shoppers. 【解析】考查表语从句，被动语态和固定搭配。本句描述一般事实，用一般现在时。表示“……之一”介词短语为one of…；表示“吸引力”名词短语为the attractions，one of后接名词复数，作宾语；表示“的”应用介词of;表示“这座旅游城市”名词短语为this tourist city，作宾语；主语为单数，表示“是”应用is；表示“被称作”应用被动语态it is referred to as，it指代前文的this tourist city，主语和固定搭配refer to as之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态；表示“购物者天堂”名词短语a paradise for shoppers，作宾语。因为表语从句中不缺少成分，应用只起连接作用的连接词that引导。句首字母大写，故翻译为One of the attractions of this tourist city is that it is referred to as a paradise for shoppers。 8．她成为一名优秀教师的原因是她对学生充满耐心。(汉译英) 【答案】The reason why she became an excellent teacher is that she is full of patience with students. 【解析】考查定语从句和表语从句。表示“原因”应用the reason；表示“她”应用she；表示“成为”应用become，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时；表示“一名优秀的教师”应用an excellent teacher；the reason后接定语从句，先行词the reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，需用关系副词why引导；表示“是”应用be，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；表示“对学生充满耐心”应用be full of patience with students，is后面接表语从句，从句不缺成分，且引导词没有含义，需用连接词that引导。故翻译成：The reason why she became an excellent teacher is that she is full of patience with students.。 9．令我担心的事情是，我们的航班由于恶劣的天气被延误。（what upset me引导主语从句）（汉译英） 【答案】What upset me was that our flight was delayed because of the terrible weather. 【解析】考查主语从句。根据提示，以what upset me作主语从句，全句应使用主系表结构，表语从句中的主语应为“我们的航班”译为our flight，谓语应为“被延误”，与主语之间是被动关系，应使用一般过去时被动语态，且主语为单数形式，故译为was delayed。“由于恶劣的天气”是原因状语，译为because of the terrible weather，从句成份和句意都完整，用连接词that引导表语从句。故翻译为What upset me was that our flight was delayed because of the terrible weather. 10．重要的是勤能补拙。（What, lack）(汉译英) 【答案】What is important is that hard-work can make up for what you lack. 【解析】考查名词性从句、名词、动词短语。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，表示“重要的是”，这里使用主语从句“What is important”，“what”在从句中作主语，表示“…… 的事情”，整句意思是“重要的事情是……”；表示“勤能补拙”：“勤”在这里意译为“hard-work”；“补拙”即“弥补你所缺乏的（能力等）”，用动词短语“make up for what you lack”，“what you lack”是宾语从句，作“make up for”的宾语 ，“what”在从句中作“lack”的宾语 。然后用“that”引导表语从句，连接“What is important”和 “hard-work can make up for what you lack”。故翻译为：What is important is that hard-work can make up for what you lack. 题型二 表语从句英译汉 把下列英语句子翻译成汉语。 1．This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. (英译汉) 【答案】这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。 【解析】考查表语从句。This is because译为“这是因为……”，because引导表语从句，people“人们”是从句主语，believe in“相信”是谓语部分，the importance of carrying on space exploration“太空探索的重要性”是宾语，despite the huge risks“哪怕面临巨大的风险”为介词短语。故翻译为：这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。 2．One of the key reasons behind this is that while a book usually takes a few days to read, a movie typically lasts under two hours. (英译汉) 【答案】这背后的一个关键原因是，一本书通常需要几天才能读完，而一部电影通常只需要两个小时。 【解析】考查表语从句和连词。本句是一个复合句，主句是One of the key reasons behind this is that...意为“这背后的一个关键原因是……”，其中that引导表语从句，从句中包含一个由连词while连接的句子，表示对比关系，a book usually takes a few days to read意为“读一本书通常需要的时间”，a movie typically lasts under two hours意为“看电影通常只需要两个小时”，此处使用副词typically作状语修饰动词last，其意为“持续”，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。故翻译为：这背后的一个关键原因是，一本书通常需要几天才能读完，而一部电影通常只需要两个小时。 3．The reason why he was late is that his bike broke down. (英译汉) 【答案】他迟到是因为他的自行车坏了。 【解析】考查定语从句和表语从句。The reason意为“……的原因”，why he was late是关系副词why引导的定语从句，修饰先行词reason，意为“他迟到的原因”；that his bike broke down是由that引导的表语从句，用来解释说明前面的reason的具体内容，其中broke down是谓语动词，意为“（机器或车辆）出故障，抛锚”，故翻译为：他迟到是因为他的自行车坏了。 4．However, my opinion is that students need to get used to tough comments when they don’t do good work. (英译汉) 【答案】然而，我的观点是，当学生没有做好功课时，他们需要习惯严厉的批评。 【解析】考查表语从句、动词短语和时间状语从句。本句基本结构为主系表句型；主语my opinion译为“我的观点”；系动词is使用了一般现在时态，译为“是”；that引导的表语从句说明观点的内容，从句主语students译为“学生”，谓语need to get used to使用了一般现在时态，译为“需要习惯”，宾语tough comments译为“严厉的批评”；when引导的时间状语从句，从句主语they指代students，谓语don’t do使用了一般现在时否定形式，译为“没有做”，宾语good work译为“好功课”。故翻译为：然而，我的观点是，当学生没有做好功课时，他们需要习惯严厉的批评。 5．The highest form of ignorance is when you reject something you don’t know anything about（英译汉） 【答案】最高形式的无知就是当你对某事物一无所知时却对其加以排斥。 【解析】考查句子结构。本句是一个主从复合句，“The highest form of ignorance”是主语，翻译为“最高形式的无知”；is是系动词；“when you reject something you don’t know anything about”是由连接副词when引导的表语从句，翻译为“当你对某事物一无所知时却对其加以排斥”，该从句中又包含一个定语从句“you don’t know anything about”，用来修饰先行词something。故翻译为：最高形式的无知就是当你对某事物一无所知时却对其加以排斥。 6．The reason why many people compose poems is that they love life. (英译汉) 【答案】许多人写诗的原因是因为他们热爱生活。 【解析】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句主句为主系表结构。The reason“原因”，在本句中作主语；why many people compose poems “为什么许多人写诗”，为定语从句，在本句中修饰前面名词The reason；is“是”，为系动词；that they love life“他们热爱生活”，为表语从句。故翻译为“许多人写诗的原因是因为他们热爱生活。” 7．That’s where satellite tracking comes in. (英译汉) 【答案】这就是卫星跟踪（追踪）派上用场的地方。 【解析】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，该句为连接副词where引导的表语从句，在从句中，satellite tracking“卫星跟踪（追踪）”为名词短语作主语成分；comes in“可用，发挥作用”为动词短语作谓语成分；连接副词where在从句中作地点状语成分。故翻译为：这就是卫星跟踪（追踪）派上用场的地方。 8．This is why we’re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes. (英译汉) 【答案】这就是我们来到此地的原因——观察藏羚羊。 【解析】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句是复合句。主语是This “这”，is是系动词，why we’re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes “我们来到此地的原因——观察藏羚羊”是表语从句。故本句可译为：这就是我们来到此地的原因——观察藏羚羊。 9．That is why it is so important to brush your teeth twice every day. (英译汉) 【答案】这就是每天刷两次牙很重要的原因。 【解析】考查表语从句。That is why+表语从句（表示结果），意为“这就是为什么”，important (重要的)，brush your teeth (刷牙)，twice (两次)，every day (每天)，故翻译为：这就是每天刷两次牙很重要的原因。 10．That’s why we haven’t noticed that sugar can be compared with illegal substances. (英译汉) 【答案】那就是我们没有注意到糖可以和非法药品相提并论的原因。 【解析】考查表语从句、宾语从句和短语。主句“That’s why...”，译为“那就是……的原因”，why引导表语从句，“ we haven’t noticed that...”意为“我们没有注意到……”，that引导宾语从句，be compared with意为“和……相比”，此处可意为“和……相提并论”，illegal substances意为“非法药品”，故翻译为：那就是我们没有注意到糖可以和非法药品相提并论的原因。 1．（2010·江苏·高考真题）—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. —That’s ______ I don’t agree. You should have a more active life. A．where B．how C．when D．what 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：——我喜欢在星期天整天把自己关在家里听音乐。——这就是我不赞同的地方。你应该有一个更积极的生活。在表语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且根据句意可知，此处是指这就是“我”不赞同的地方，所以应用连接副词where表示地点。故选A。 2．（2021·天津·高考真题）It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be. A．when B．where C．what D．whether 【答案】C 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：似乎我已经成为了我父母希望我成为的人。动词become后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句中的be缺少表语，所填词应该起双重作用。故选C。 3．（2021·天津·高考真题）What puzzles Lily’s friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas. A．whether B．why C．what D．when 【答案】B 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：令Lily的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。A. whether是否；B. why为什么；C. what什么，所……的事儿；D. when什么……的时间。该空需要一个表语从句的连接词，结合句意，应该是朋友们不明白Lily 为什么有这么多疯狂的想法。表示“为什么”用why。故选B项。 4．（2018·天津·高考真题）He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was ______ his father had expected. A．why B．how C．that D．what 【答案】D 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他努力学习，后来成为一个著名的作家，这是他父亲所期望的。分析句子可知，was后接表语从句，从句中缺少宾语吗，所以由what来充当宾语。故选D项。 5．（2014·江苏·高考真题）—What a mess! You are always so lazy! —I’m not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me. A．how B．what C．that D．who 【答案】B 【解析】考查表语从句连词。句意：——怎么这么乱啊！你总是这么懒！——我不应该受到责备，妈妈。我是你使得我这样的。本题考查的是表语从句，动词make后接双宾语，即make sb. sth.故用关系词what来引导。故选B。 考点：考名词性从句用法 6．（2018·江苏·高考真题）By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived. A．where B．when C．why D．how 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：乘船是到达这里唯一的途径，这就是我们如何到达的。分析which引导的非限定性定语从句可知，后面为表语从句，这里用连接副词how引导表语从句，充当方式状语，表示“如何”。故选D。 点睛：本题考查表语。首先需要弄清句意及分析句子结构，然后根据前句By boat is the only way to get here提示可知，作方式状语，就不难选出正确答案。 7．（2018·北京·高考真题）This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. A．how B．which C．that D．what 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：这是我父亲教我的——总是要面对困难，抱最大的希望。“_________ my father has taught me”是表语从句，该空在从句中做teach的宾语，且表示“父亲教我的道理”，故该从句应用what引导。D选项正确。 8．（2018·北京·高考真题）Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now. A．how B．when C．where D．why 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：没有他的支持，我们是不会在现在这个位置的。how表方式，when表时间，where表地点，why表原因。“_________ we are now”是表语从句，结合句子的意思可知，该处指我们所处的位置，故该从句应用where引导。C选项正确。 点睛：表语从句是指一个句子充当表语，通俗的说就是系动词be后面接一个句子。连接表语从句的连接词有that，what，who，when，where，which，why，whether，how等。 9．（2010·上海·高考真题）One reason for her preference for city life is ___________ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. A．that B．how C．what D．why 【答案】A 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：她喜欢大城市生活的原因是她比较容易去商店和餐馆这样的地方。本句使用固定句型the reason for ... is that ...，这里用that引导表语从句，它在从句中不做成分。故选A。 10．（2008·天津·高考真题）The last time we had great fun was __________ we were visiting the Water Park. A．where B．how C．when D．why 【答案】C 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：我们最后一次玩得很开心是在参观水上公园的时候。由the last time可知是表示时间, 故用when引导表语从句。故选C项。 11．（2016·北京·高考真题）The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _____________ one can be entirely free from dust. A．what B．that C．whether D．why 【答案】B 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：雨季最令人愉悦的就是人们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，即表语从句，表语从句的句意和句子结构完整，因此用that来引导表语从句，故选B。 12．（2015·安徽·高考真题）A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not _____________ ships are built for. A．what B．whom C．why D．when 【答案】A 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：船停放在海港里是很安全的，但这并非建造船的目的。isn’t后跟从句作表语，表语从句中的for后缺少宾语，用what引导，what与for连用，表示目的。故选A。 13．（2014·浙江·高考真题）“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _____ my mother used to tell me. A．what B．how C．that D．whether 【答案】A 【解析】考查表语从句。句意：“每次你吃糖的时候，你要喝绿茶。”这是妈妈过去常常给我说的话。这里是what引导的表语从句，what在从句中作tell的宾语；表语从句里缺少的是宾语；that和whether在表语从句中不作成分，why在表语从句中不能作宾语。故选A。 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$