内容正文:
Unit 3 Our Colorful School Life
单词
1.______________/ˈkʌləfl/adj. 丰富多彩的;五彩缤纷的(美式 ______________)
2.______________/laɪf/n. 生活;生命(复数 ______________/laɪvz/)
3.______________/baɪˈɒlədʒi/n. 生物学
4.______________/ˌtʃaɪˈniːz/n. 汉语;中国人 adj. 中国的
5.______________/dʒiˈɒgrəfi/n. 地理(学)
6.______________/ɑːt/n. 美术,艺术
7.______________/ˈhɪstri/n. 历史课;历史
8.______________/kəmˈpjuːtə(r)/n. 电脑
9.______________/ˈwenzdeɪ/n. 星期三
10.______________/ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/n. 英语学科;英语 adj. 英格兰的;英语的
11.______________/bɪˈɡɪn/v. 开始
12.______________/əˈklɒk/adv.(表示整点)…… 点钟
13.______________/ten/num. 十
14.______________/hɑːf/n. 一半
15.______________/pɑːst/prep. 在…… 之后 n. 过去
16.______________/ˈəʊvə(r)/adv. 结束;穿过 prep. 遍及;在…… 上面
17.______________/ˈkwɔːtə(r)/n. 一刻钟;四分之一
18.______________/naʊ/adv. 现在;目前
19.______________/ˈfeɪvərɪt/adj. 特别受喜爱的 n. 特别喜爱的人(或事物)(美式 ______________)
20.______________/ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/n. 科目
21.______________/ˈθɜːzdeɪ/n. 星期四
22.______________/baɪ/prep.(表示方式);在…… 旁边;在…… 之前
23.______________/ˈʌndəɡraʊnd/n. 地铁
24.______________/pleɪn/n. 飞机
25.______________/fʊt/n. 脚,足;底部(复数 ______________/fiːt/)
26.______________/kɑː(r)/n. 小汽车;轿车
27.______________/treɪn/n. 火车 v. 训练;培训
28.______________/ʃɪp/n.(大)船 v. 运输
29.______________/bəʊt/n.(泛指)船;舟,小船
30.______________/weɪ/n. 方式;方面;路
31.______________/stɒp/n. 车站;停止 v. 停下;停止
32.______________/ˈjuːʒuəli/adv. 经常地
33.______________/kʌm/v. 来;来到
34.______________/fɑː(r)/adv. 远
35.______________/ˈnevə(r)/adv. 从不
36.______________/teɪk/v. 乘坐;带去;携带;拍照
37.______________/ˈseldəm/adv. 不常,很少
38.______________/nɪə(r)/prep. 在…… 附近
39.______________/ˈlaɪbrəri/n. 图书馆
40.______________/ˈbɪldɪŋ/n. 建筑物;楼房
41.______________/flɔː(r)/n. 楼层;地板
42.______________/faɪv/num. 五
43.______________/ˈpleɪɡraʊnd/n. 操场
44.______________/nekst/adj. 紧挨着的;下一个的 adv. 紧接着;随后
45.______________prep. 紧邻,在…… 近旁;紧接
46.______________/ˈɡɑːdn/n. 花园
47.______________/ˈflaʊə(r)/n. 花,花朵;花卉
48.______________/ˈtaɪdi/adj. 整洁的 v. 使整洁
49.______________/klʌb/n. 俱乐部;社团
50.______________/ˈəʊpən/v. 开门,开业;打开 adj. 开放;敞开的
51.______________/ˌpiːˈem/abbr. 下午,午后
52.______________/ˈtjuːzdeɪ/n. 星期二
53.______________/hɔːl/n. 礼堂,大厅;走廊
54.______________/sɒŋ/n. 歌曲
55.______________/pʊt/v. 放;安置
56.______________/ˈfraɪdeɪ/n. 星期五
57.______________/ˈwɔːtə(r)/n. 水 v. 浇水
58.______________/ɡeɪm/n. 游戏;运动项目;比赛
59.______________/fʌn/adj. 有趣的 n. 乐趣
60.______________/ˈmʌndeɪ/n. 星期一
61.______________/reɪz/v. 提升,举起;增加;筹募
62.______________/ˈnæʃnəl/adj. 国家的;民族的;全国的
63.______________/flæɡ/n. 旗;旗帜
64.______________/stɑːt/v. 开始 n. 开头
65.______________/fɜːst/det. & 序数词 第一;首要的 adv. 首先;第一次
66.______________/ˌeɪˈem/abbr. 上午,午前
67.______________/meɪk/v. 使成为;做;使变得
68.______________/hænd/n. 手;帮助
69.______________/ˈɑːnsə(r)/v. 答复;回答 n. 答复,回答;答案
70.______________/ˈkwestʃən/n. 问题
71.______________/bɒks/n. 盒,箱;方框
72.______________/naɪf/n. 刀(复数 ______________/naɪvz/)
73.______________/ɡlɑːs/n. 玻璃杯;眼镜;玻璃
74.______________/dɪʃ/n. 菜肴;餐具
75.______________/təˈmɑːtəʊ/n. 番茄
76.______________/ˈkʌntri/n. 国家
77.______________/əˈmerɪkən/adj. 美国的 n. 美国人
78.______________/ˈdjʊərɪŋ/prep. 在…… 期间
79.______________/ˈklɑːsruːm/n. 教室;课堂
80.______________/pɑːt/n. 参与;部分
81.______________/ˈbɒtl/n. 瓶子
82.______________/ˈeni/det. 任何的,任一的 pron. 任一;任何数量
83.______________/dʒuːs/n. 果汁;菜汁
84.______________/ˈblækbɔːd/n. 黑板
85.______________/desk/n. 书桌
86.______________/tʃeə(r)/n. 椅子
87.______________/ˈpensl/n. 铅笔
88.______________/ˈruːlə(r)/n. 直尺
89.______________/ˈskuːlbæɡ/n. 书包
90.______________n. 乒乓球运动
91.______________/bɔːl/n. 球
92.fi______________d /faɪnd/v. 找到;发现;认为
93.______________/lɒst/adj. 丢失的;迷路的
94.______________/ˈkʌlə(r)/n. 颜色 v. 为…… 着色(美式 ______________)
95.______________/end/v. 结束;终止 n. 结尾;末端
96.______________/lɜːn/v. 学习;记住
97.______________/ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/adj. 有趣的
98.______________/dʒɔɪn/v. 参加;加入
99.______________/web/n. 万维网
100.______________/peɪdʒ/n. 页;页面
101.______________/ˈsɪti/n. 都市;城市
102.______________/ˈwelkəm/adj. 受欢迎的 int. & v. 欢迎
103.______________/aʊt/adv.(从…… 里)出来;在外面;外出
104.______________/mɔː(r)/det. & pron. 更多的 adv. 更
105.______________/wɒnt/v. 想要;需要
106.______________/bɪˈkəz/conj. 因为
107.______________/ruːm/n. 房间;空间
108.______________/ˈraɪtə(r)/n. 作家
109.______________/ɑːsk/v. 问,询问;请求
短语
1.乘地铁 / 飞机 / 小汽车 / 火车 /(大) 船 / 公共汽车 / 船 (舟)……
______________/______________/______________/______________/______________/______________...
2.骑自行车 ______________
3.步行 ______________
4.讨论,谈论 ______________
5.…… 怎么样 ______________
6.远离 ______________
7.乘地铁 ______________
8.许多,大量 ______________
9.举办;上演;展出 ______________
10.在操场 ______________
11.回答问题 ______________
12.拍照 ______________
13.开始时 ______________
14.参加 ______________
15.做运动______________
16.非常开心 ______________
17.发现,查明 ______________
18.想要做某事 ______________19.了解,学习关于…… ______________
句型
1.______________ is it now?(现在几点了?)
2.______________eight o’clock.(现在八点了。)
3.______________ our Chinese class.(到我们上语文课的时间了。)
4.______________do you usually ______________?(你通常怎么来学校?)
5.My home is not ______________, so I usually come here ______________, sometimes ______________.(我家不太远,所以我通常步行来这儿,有时骑自行车。)
6.I ______________ school. I ______________come to school ______________.(我家离学校远。我从不步行来学校。)
7.I ______________. I ______________come to school ______________.(我很少坐地铁。我总是坐公交车来学校。)
8.We have a big ______________. It is a new building ______________.(我们有一个大学校图书馆。它是一座两层的新建筑。)
9.______________ a beautiful ______________.(有一座漂亮的教学楼。)
10.______________ the English club ______________?(英语俱乐部什么时候开放?)
11.The English Club opens ______________ 5:30 p.m. ______________.(英语俱乐部每周二下午五点半开放。)
12.Every Friday, the girl goes to the art club ______________s there.(每周五,这个女孩去美术俱乐部画画。)
13.Our school life is ______________(我们的学校生活有趣又丰富多彩。)
14.______________every Monday, we ______________.(每周一早上,我们举行升旗仪式。)
15.We start ______________ at 8:00 a.m. every day.(我们每天早上八点开始上第一节课。)
16.______________ many student clubs in our school. (我们学校有很多学生俱乐部。)
17.We can ______________ other students there.(我们可以在那儿和其他学生交朋友。)
18.My sister likes ______________.(我妹妹喜欢看书。)
19.______________ the big box?(大盒子里有什么?)
20. ______________ some bottles in it.(里面有一些瓶子。)
21.______________ water in the bottles? No, ______________. But ______________ some juice.(瓶子里有水吗?没有。但是有一些果汁。)
22.Zhou Hua ______________ his schoolbag.(周华找不到他的书包了。)
23.Can I help you? Yes. I ______________my schoolbag.(我能帮你吗?是的。我找不到我的书包了。)
24.We usually ______________our day ______________8:00 a.m., and our classes ______________ 4:00 p.m.(我们通常早上八点开始一天的学习,下午四点下课。)
25.Greenland Middle School has ______________ 32 years.(格林兰中学有 32 年的历史了。)
26.Li Mei wants to ______________the past. (李梅想了解更多关于过去的事情。)
27.______________ subject is history.(她最喜欢的科目是历史。)
语法
1. Countable nouns
2. There be ...
语音
1. Phonetic symbols (/aɪ/ /ɪ/ /f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /h/ /r/)& Intonation
一、语言点详解
Period 1 Preparing for the Topic
原句1. What time is it now?(现在几点了?)(P38)
讲:此句为询问当前时间的特殊疑问句,结构为 “What time+be 动词 + 主语?”。“What time” 专门用于对 “具体时刻” 提问(区别于 “when” 可对日期、时间段提问);
“it” 此处是形式主语,无实际意义,仅指代 “时间”。
例句:What time is it now? It’s nine thirty.(现在几点了?九点半了。)
拓展:同义句型 ——“What’s the time now?”,如 “What’s the time now? It’s ten o’clock.(现在几点了?十点了。)”;
对 “时间段” 提问用 “when”,如 “When do you go to school?(你什么时候上学?)”
原句2. It’s eight o’clock.(现在八点了。)(P38)
讲:此句是时间回答的基础句型,结构为 “It’s + 时间点”。“eight o’clock” 是 “整点时间” 表达,“o’clock” 可省略(口语中常说 “It’s eight”);
非整点时间有两种表达:
①顺读(先时后分,如 10:20→ten twenty);
②逆读(先分后时,30 分钟及以内用 “past”,如 9:15→a quarter past nine;30 分钟以上用 “to”,如 3:45→a quarter to four)。
例句:It’s three fifteen.(顺读:三点十五)/ It’s a quarter past three.(逆读:三点十五)
辨析:“o’clock”“past”“to” 的用法 ——“o’clock” 仅用于整点(It’s six o’clock);
“past” 表 “过了”(分≤30),“to” 表 “差”(分>30);
“a quarter”=15 分钟,“half”=30 分钟,如 “It’s half past seven.(七点半)”
原句3. It’s time for our Chinese class.(到我们上语文课的时间了。)(P38)
讲:核心句型 “It’s time for + 名词”,意为 “到做某事的时间了”,“for” 是介词,后接名词 / 名词短语(此处 “our Chinese class”);同义结构为 “ It’s time to do sth”(后接动词原形),两者可互换,如 “It’s time to have our Chinese class.”。
例句:It’s time for PE class. = It’s time to have PE class.(到上体育课的时间了。)
拓展:“It’s time for sb to do sth” 表 “到某人做某事的时间了”,如 “It’s time for us to go to school.(到我们上学的时间了。)”
原句4. I like PE best. It’s at 4:30 on Thursday afternoon.(我最喜欢体育课。它在周四下午四点半。)(P39)
讲:“like...best” 表 “最喜欢……”,等同于 “favorite”(My favorite subject is PE.);
“at 4:30” 是 “具体时刻”,前用介词 “at”;
“on Thursday afternoon” 是 “具体某天的下午”,前用介词 “on”(泛指下午用 “in the afternoon”)。
例句:I like math best. It’s at 9:00 on Monday morning.(我最喜欢数学课。它在周一上午九点。)
辨析:“at”“on”“in” 表时间的区别 ——“at” 接具体时刻(at 8:00);“on” 接具体某天 / 某天的上 / 下 / 晚(on Sunday, on the morning of May 1st);“in” 接年 / 月 / 季节 / 泛指的上 / 下 / 晚(in 2024, in October, in spring, in the evening)。
原句5. How do you usually come to school? I usually come here on foot, sometimes by bike.(你通常怎么上学?我通常步行来,有时候骑自行车。)(P40)
讲:“How do you...come to school?” 用于询问 “上学方式”,“usually”“sometimes” 是频度副词,表 “通常”“有时候”,需放在实义动词 “come” 前;
“on foot” 是 “步行”(固定表达,无 “by foot”),“by bike” 是 “骑自行车”,“by + 交通工具” 表出行方式(by bus, by car)。
例句:How do you usually come to school? I usually come by bus.(你通常怎么上学?我通常坐公交车。)
拓展:“by + 交通工具” 与 “take + 交通工具” 的区别 ——“by” 后直接接交通工具(无冠词,by bike);“take” 后接 “a/an/the + 交通工具”(take a bike, take the bus),如 “I take the underground to school. = I go to school by underground.(我坐地铁上学。)”
原句6. I never come to school on foot. I often take the underground.(我从不步行上学。我经常坐地铁。)(P40)
讲:“never”(从不)、“often”(经常)是频度副词,频度从高到低排序为:always(总是)>usually(通常)>often(经常)>sometimes(有时候)>seldom(很少)>never(从不);频度副词均放在实义动词前,be 动词后,如 “She is always late.(be 动词后)”“He often plays basketball.(实义动词前)”。
例句:She seldom takes the train. She usually goes by car.(她很少坐火车。她通常坐汽车。)
辨析:“seldom” 与 “never” 的区别 ——“seldom” 表 “很少,偶尔会”(频率极低),“never” 表 “完全不,从未”(频率为 0),如 “I seldom eat fast food.(我很少吃快餐。)”“I never eat fast food.(我从不吃快餐。)”
Period 2 Exploring the Topic
原句1. On the morning of every Monday, we raise the national flag.(每周一上午,我们升国旗。)(P44)
讲:“on the morning of every Monday” 是 “具体某天的上午”,前用介词 “on”(泛指上午用 “in the morning”);“raise the national flag” 是固定短语,意为 “升国旗”,“raise” 是及物动词,表 “举起、升起”;
“every Monday” 表 “每周一”,描述习惯性动作,时态用一般现在时。
例句:On the afternoon of every Friday, we have a club activity.(每周五下午,我们有俱乐部活动。)
拓展:“raise” 与 “rise” 的区别 ——“raise” 是及物动词,需接宾语(raise the flag, raise hands);
“rise” 是不及物动词,不接宾语(the sun rises, prices rise),如 “The sun rises in the east. We raise the national flag every Monday.(太阳从东方升起。我们每周一升国旗。)”
原句2. We start the first class at 8:00 a.m. every day. We study Chinese, English, math, science and many other subjects.(我们每天上午八点开始第一节课。我们学习语文、英语、数学、科学和很多其他科目。)(P44)
讲:“start the first class” 意为 “开始第一节课”,“start”=“begin”(We begin the first class...);
“at 8:00 a.m.” 是 “具体时刻”,前用 “at”;“many other subjects” 表 “很多其他科目”,“other” 后接复数名词(subjects),表 “除了提到的之外的其他”。
例句:We start math class at 9:00 a.m. We also study art and PE.(我们上午九点开始数学课。我们还学习美术和体育。)
辨析:“other”“another”“others” 的区别 ——“other + 复数名词”(other books);“another + 单数名词”(another book);“others”=“other + 复数名词”(I have two books. Others are on the desk.)。
原句3. I enjoy singing and playing the guitar in the music club.(我喜欢在音乐俱乐部唱歌和弹吉他。)(P44)
讲:“enjoy doing sth” 是固定结构,意为 “喜欢做某事”,“enjoy” 后接动名词(singing, playing),不可接不定式;
“play the guitar” 是 “弹吉他”,乐器前需加定冠词 “the”(play the piano, play the violin);
“in the music club” 是 “在音乐俱乐部”,“in” 表 “在…… 场所内”。
例句:She enjoys reading books in the school library. He enjoys playing the piano in the music room.(她喜欢在学校图书馆看书。他喜欢在音乐教室弹钢琴。)
拓展:“enjoy” 的其他用法 ——“enjoy oneself”=“have a good time”(玩得开心),如 “We enjoy ourselves in the park.(我们在公园玩得很开心。)”
原句4. My sister likes reading books.(我妹妹喜欢看书。)(P46)
讲:“books” 是可数名词 “book” 的复数形式,可数名词有 “单数” 和 “复数” 两种形式,单数前可加 “a/an”(a book),复数前可加 “many”“some” 等(many books, some books);“like reading books” 中 “books” 用复数,表 “泛指所有书”,非特指某一本。
例句:He likes playing basketballs. → 错误(球类不可数,无复数);He likes playing basketball. → 正确;She likes reading a book. → 正确(特指某一本书)。
拓展:可数名词与不可数名词区分 —— 可数名词:能数清数量(book, pen, desk);不可数名词:数不清 / 需借助单位(water, milk, rice,a glass of water)。
原句5. There are two boxes in the boy’s hands.(男孩手里有两个盒子。)(P46)
讲:“box” 的复数是 “boxes”,属于 “以 s/x/ch/sh 结尾的可数名词,复数加 es” 的规则变化;“two boxes” 中 “two” 修饰复数名词,“boxes” 前不加 “a/an”;
例句:There are three buses in the street.(street 上有三辆公交车,bus→buses);There are four watches on the desk.(书桌上有四块手表,watch→watches)。
拓展:可数名词复数规则变化表 ——
规则
例词
一般直接加 s
book→books, pen→pens
以 s/x/ch/sh 结尾加 es
box→boxes, watch→watches
以 o 结尾加 es
tomato→tomatoes, potato→potatoes
以 f/fe 结尾,变 f/fe 为 v 加 es
knife→knives, leaf→leaves
以 y 结尾,变 y 为 i 加 es
city→cities, family→families
原句6. There are two knives on the table.(桌子上有两把刀。)(P46)
讲:“knife” 的复数是 “knives”,属于 “以 f/fe 结尾的可数名词,变 f/fe 为 v 加 es” 的规则变化;注意 “knife” 的拼写,结尾是 “fe”,变复数时先去 “fe”,加 “ves”;“two knives” 中 “two” 修饰复数,“knives” 前无冠词。
例句:There are five leaves on the ground.(地上有五片叶子,leaf→leaves);I have three wives. → 错误(wife→wives,“妻子” 的复数)。
辨析:不规则复数名词 —— 部分名词复数无规律,需特殊记忆:man→men, woman→women, child→children, foot→feet, tooth→teeth,如 “There are two men in the room.(房间里有两个男人。)”
原句7. At an American school, students meet their class teachers at the start of the day.(在美国的一所学校里,学生们在一天开始时见班主任。)(P46)
讲:“the start of the day” 意为 “一天的开始”,“the day” 是单数,表 “泛指一天”;
例句:In our school, students have lunch at 12:00.(在我们学校,学生们十二点吃午饭。)
拓展:“at the start of”=“at the beginning of”(在…… 开始时),如 “at the start of the class”=“at the beginning of the class(在上课开始时)”。
原句8. They make friends with students from America and other countries.(他们和来自美国及其他国家的学生交朋友。)(P46)
讲:“make friends with sb” 是固定短语,意为 “和某人交朋友”,“friends” 必须用复数(交朋友是双方的,不止一个朋友);
“other countries” 中 “countries” 是 “country” 的复数,“other” 后接复数名词,表 “其他国家”(非美国的其他国家)。
例句:She makes friends with her classmates. They are from other cities.(她和同学交朋友。他们来自其他城市。)
辨析:“other” 与 “another”——“other + 复数名词”(other countries);“another + 单数名词”(another country,指 “另一个国家”),如 “I want to visit another country.(我想参观另一个国家。)”
Period 3 Developing the Topic
原句1. Miss Wang finds the schoolbag near the computer.(王老师在电脑旁边找到了书包。)(P48)
讲:“finds” 是 “find” 的第三人称单数形式(主语 “Miss Wang” 是三单),意为 “找到”(强调结果,区别于 “look for” 强调动作);
“near the computer” 是方位短语,意为 “在电脑旁边”,“near” 表 “在…… 附近”,其他方位词还有 “next to(旁边)”“on(上面)”“under(下面)”。
例句:He finds his pen under the desk.(他在书桌下找到了他的笔。)
辨析:“find” 与 “look for” 的区别 ——“find” 表 “找到”(结果),“look for” 表 “寻找”(动作),如 “I look for my key. I can’t find it.(我找我的钥匙,找不到。)”
原句2. We usually start our day at 8:00 a.m., and our classes end at 4:00 p.m.(我们通常上午八点开始一天的学习,下午四点结束课程。)(P49)
讲:此句是 “主体部分 —— 学校时间”,用 “usually” 表 “习惯性时间”,“start our day” 意为 “开始一天的学习”,“end at 4:00 p.m.” 意为 “下午四点结束”;
“at 8:00 a.m.”“at 4:00 p.m.” 是具体时刻,前用 “at”;“a.m.”= 上午(0:00-12:00),“p.m.”= 下午(12:00-24:00)。
例句:We usually start class at 7:50 a.m., and our classes end at 3:50 p.m.(我们通常上午七点五十开始上课,下午三点五十结束。)
拓展:时间表达补充 ——“from...to...” 表 “从…… 到……”,如 “We have classes from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.(我们从上午八点到下午四点有课。)”
Period 4 Wrapping Up the Topic
原句1. Greenland Middle School Our school is in Greenland city. It has a history of 32 years.(格陵兰中学 我们的学校在格陵兰市,有 32 年的历史。)(P51)
讲:“has a history of + 数字 + years” 是 “有…… 年历史” 的固定表达;“it” 指代 “our school”,避免重复。
例句:Our school is in Beijing. It has a history of 20 years.(我们的学校在北京,有 20 年的历史。)
原句2. There is also a big science building. We often have science classes in it.(还有一栋大的科学楼。我们经常在里面上科学课。)(P52)
讲:“a big science building” 是单数,故用 “There is”;“also” 表 “也”,放 “there be” 中间(There is also...);“in it” 中 “it” 指代 “science building”,避免重复;“have science classes” 意为 “上科学课”,“have + 科目 + classes” 是固定表达。
例句:There is also a music room. We have music classes in it.(还有一个音乐教室,我们在里面上音乐课。)
辨析:“also”“too”“either” 的区别 ——“also” 放句中(be 动词后、实义动词前),“too” 放句末(肯定句),“either” 放句末(否定句),如 “There is also a library. = There is a library, too.(还有一个图书馆。)”“There isn’t a library, either.(也没有图书馆。)”
综合训练
一、单项选择
1.—_______ do you usually get up on weekends? —At 8:30 a.m.
A. What time B. When C. What D. How
2.—What time is it now? —It’s _______, so we need to hurry to class.
A. a quarter past nine B. a quarter to nine C. nine past a quarter D. nine to a quarter
3.It’s 9:00 a.m. now, so _______ our English class.
A. it’s time to B. it’s time for C. we time for D. we time to
4.We will have a school trip _______ the morning of October 1st.
A. at B. on C. in D. for
5.—How do you usually go to the park? —I usually go there _______, not _______ bike.
A. on foot; by B. on foot; in C. by foot; by D. by foot; in
6.My mother _______ gets up late. She always cooks breakfast for us at 6:00 a.m.
A. usually B. often C. seldom D. never
7.The students _______ the national flag every Monday morning, and the sun _______ in the east at the same time.
A. rise; raise B. raise; rises C. raises; rises D. rise; raises
8.Tom enjoys _______ basketball with his friends after school. He thinks it’s relaxing.
A. play B. plays C. playing D. to play
9.There are three _______ on the desk. My sister uses them to cut paper.
A. knife B. knifes C. knives D. knife’s
10.—Is there a music room in your school? —Yes, _______ is also a library next to it.
A. there B. this C. that D. it
二、句型转换
1.It’s time for lunch.(改为同义句)
It’s time _______ _______ lunch.
2.We usually come to school by bus.(对划线部分提问)
_______ _______ you usually come to school?
3.The math class starts at 9:00 a.m. and ends at 10:40 a.m.(改为同义句)
We have math class _______ 9:00 a.m. _______ 10:40 a.m.
4. He enjoys playing the piano in his free time.(改为否定句)
He _______ _______ playing the piano in his free time.
三、根据句意及首字母提示填空
1.Our school is in Shanghai. It has a h_______ of 50 years.
2.My brother wants to m_______ friends with the new student from Guangzhou.
3. We can _______ (find) many books in the school library. We are _______ (look for) a storybook now.
四、句子改错(找出错误并改正)
1.There are two leaf on the ground.(____________ → ____________)
2.My father often go to work by the car.(____________ → ____________)
3. She is also like singing.(____________ → ____________)
二、语法清单
1. 可数名词(Countable Nouns)
语法要点
具体规则
典例
单数变复数(规则变化)
1. 一般情况:直接加 s
book→books, pen→pens, school→schools, desk→desks
2. 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾:加 es
watch→watches, box→boxes, dish→dishes, class→classes
3. 以 o 结尾(表有生命):加 es;表无生命:加 s(特殊记忆)
有生命:tomato→tomatoes, potato→potatoes;无生命:photo→photos, zoo→zoos
4. 以 f/fe 结尾:变 f/fe 为 v,再加 es
knife→knives, leaf→leaves, half→halves, wife→wives
5. 以 “辅音 + y” 结尾:变 y 为 i,再加 es
country→countries, city→cities, family→families
单数变复数(不规则变化)
无固定规则,需特殊记忆(核心例词)
man→men, woman→women, child→children, foot→feet, tooth→teeth
用法提示
1. 单数前可加 a/an(表泛指),复数前可加 many/some(表数量);
2. 复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
a book→many books;The pens are in the pencil-box.(复数名词 + are)
2. There be 句型
语法要点
具体结构
典例
肯定句
There is + 单数名词 / 不可数名词;
There are + 复数名词
There is a map on the wall.
There are three chairs near the desk.
否定句
There isn’t + 单数名词 / 不可数名词;
There aren’t + 复数名词
There isn’t any water in the cup.
There aren’t any flowers in the room.
一般疑问句
Is there + 单数名词 / 不可数名词?;
Are there + 复数名词?
—Is there a computer in your classroom?
—Yes, there is./No, there isn’t.
—Are there any students in the playground?
—Yes, there are./No, there aren’t.
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词(What/How many/Where)+ is/are there...?
—What is there in your schoolbag?
—There is a notebook.
—How many desks are there in the classroom?
—There are 45.
核心原则(就近原则)
be 动词的单复数由 “靠近 be 动词的名词” 单复数决定(与远处名词无关)
There is a book and two pens on the desk.(近:a book 单数→用 is)
There are two pens and a book on the desk.(近:two pens 复数→用 are)
二、典型例题
1.There _______ a science lab and two teaching buildings in our school.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
2.—How many _______ are there in the school library?
—There are over 1,000.
A. book B. books C. book’s D. booked
3.There _______ any milk in the fridge. Let’s go to the supermarket to buy some.
A. is B. isn’t C. are D. aren’t
4.My grandma grows some _______ in her garden. They are red and sweet.
A. tomato B. tomatos C. tomatoes D. tomato’s
5.—_______ there a music room near your classroom?
—Yes, there is. We often have music classes there.
A. Do B. Is C. Are D. Does
6.There are four _______ on the table. My sister uses them to cut fruit.
A. knife B. knifes C. knives D. knife’s
7.—What _______ there in the lost and found box?
—There are some keys and a schoolbag.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
8.There _______ two art clubs and a sports club in our school. We can join any of them.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
9.My uncle has two _______. They are both middle school teachers.
A. man B. mans C. men D. mens
10. —Are there any _______ in the computer room?
—Yes, there are. Students use them to do online exercises.
A. piano B. pianos C. pianoes D. piano’s
三、写作话题分析
1. 话题核心
以 “介绍个人学校生活” 为核心,涵盖 “校园日常时间安排 — 学科学习与偏好 — 课后活动与俱乐部 — 对学校生活的情感” 四个层次,要求学生结合自身经历,用英语清晰、有条理地描述校园生活,传递对学校的热爱。
2. 新课标对接
语言能力:聚焦 “记叙与描述” 类表达,要求学生运用 “时间表达、频率副词、There be 句型” 等语法知识,以及 “学科、交通方式、俱乐部” 等主题词汇,组织连贯的语篇,符合初中阶段 “能围绕熟悉话题写出简单语段” 的要求。
思维品质:通过 “分点介绍学校生活(如时间、学科、活动)”,培养学生的逻辑思维与细节分类能力;通过 “对比自身与他人校园生活”,初步发展辩证思维。
文化意识: “中西方校园生活差异”(如美国学生按学科换教室),引导学生在写作中感知不同文化的校园模式,同时通过介绍中国校园的特色活动(如升旗仪式),增强文化认同。
学习能力:通过 “绘制主观点 — 细节思维导图”“小组合作设计校园网页” 等任务,培养学生自主梳理思路、合作完成写作相关任务的能力。
二、写作内容
写作内容需包含以下核心模块,确保 “内容完整、细节具体、情感真实”:
1.开篇总起:简要点明身份(如 “I’m a Grade 8 student”)与对学校生活的整体感受(如 “My school life is colorful and interesting”),快速切入主题。
2.核心内容(分点展开):
校园时间安排:上学方式(如 “on foot/by bike”)、上课 / 放学时间(如 “We start class at 8:00 a.m. and finish at 4:30 p.m.”);
学科学习:提及所学学科(如 “Chinese, math, English, PE”)、最喜欢的学科及原因(如 “My favorite subject is PE because I can play basketball with friends”);
课后活动:俱乐部参与(如 “music club/art club”)、课后日常(如 “play games/go to the library”),需搭配具体例子(如 “I practice playing the guitar in the music club every Tuesday”)。
3.结尾升华:表达对学校生活的情感(如 “I really love my school life”)或未来期待(如 “I hope we can have more interesting club activities”)。
三、写作要点
基于新课标对初中写作的要求,需把握以下关键要点,避免内容空洞或逻辑混乱:
1.细节 “要具体”:拒绝笼统表述,如不说 “I like PE”,而说 “I like PE best because we play basketball on the big playground every Thursday afternoon”(含时间、地点、活动)。
2.语法 “要准确”:主动运用本单元核心语法 ——There be 句型(描述校园设施,如 “There is a big library next to the teaching building”)、可数名词复数(如 “subjects/activities/clubs”)、频率副词(如 “usually/often/seldom”,描述活动频率)。
3.逻辑 “要清晰”:用 “First/Then/After school” 等过渡词衔接内容,区分 “上学时间 — 学科学习 — 课后活动” 的顺序,符合 “时间或场景顺序” 的写作逻辑。
4.情感 “要真挚”:结合个人真实感受,如 “After school, I often read books in the library—it makes me feel calm and happy”,让文章更具感染力。
四、写作思路提示
采用 “总 — 分 — 总” 结构,贴合学生认知水平,具体思路如下:
1. 开头(总起:身份 + 整体感受)
结构:“身份介绍 + 对学校生活的整体评价”
示例:“I’m Li Ming, a Grade 8 student at No. 5 Middle School. My school life is not only busy but also full of fun—I always look forward to going to school every day.”
2. 中间(分述:按 “时间 / 场景” 展开,配细节)
结构:“上学方式与时间 → 学科学习(含偏好) → 课后活动”
示例:
“I usually go to school by bike because my home is not far. Our first class starts at 8:00 a.m., and we have 7 classes a day—Chinese, math, English, and so on. My favorite subject is art. In art class, we draw pictures with colored pencils, and last week I made a picture of my school—it got a good grade! After school, I join the sports club. I play table tennis with my classmates there every Friday; it’s a great way to relax.”
3. 结尾(总结:情感 + 愿望)
结构:“对学校生活的热爱 + 小愿望”
示例:“I really love my colorful school life. It teaches me knowledge and helps me make good friends. I hope next term we can have more art classes—I want to learn to paint with watercolors!”
五、写作步骤详解
Step 1:头脑风暴,梳理素材
任务:用思维导图梳理个人校园生活素材:
主观点:My school life is fun.
上学:by bike, start at 8:00 a.m.
学科:favorite is PE, play basketball
课后:music club, practice guitar every Tuesday
目的:将零散想法转化为结构化素材,避免写作时 “无内容可写”。
Step 2:参考范文,搭建框架
任务:确定自己的写作框架:
开头:身份 + 整体感受;
中间:分 3-4 句话介绍 “时间 / 学科 / 活动”,每句带 1 个细节;
结尾:情感 + 愿望。
要求:用简单句列出框架草稿(如 “1. I’m Tom. My school life is colorful. 2. I go to school on foot. 3. Favorite subject: English. 4. After school: library.”)。
Step 3:填充细节,运用语法与词汇
任务:将草稿扩展为完整句子,主动融入本单元核心语法与词汇:
用 There be 句型:“There is a big playground in my school—we have PE class there.”
用频率副词:“I often read storybooks in the library after school.”
用主题词汇:“art club”“table tennis”“teaching building” 等。
示例:将 “Favorite subject: English” 扩展为 “My favorite subject is English. Our English teacher often plays English songs in class, and we sometimes act out short English stories—it’s really interesting!”
Step 4:自查修改,优化表达
任务:对照以下 “自查清单” 修改作文:
有没有包含 “时间、学科、课后活动” 三个核心内容?
有没有用 There be 句型、频率副词?
句子是否通顺?有没有拼写错误(如 “subjet”→“subject”)?
目的:培养自主纠错能力,提升写作准确性。
Step 5:同伴互评,完善终稿
六、词汇指导
结合单元主题与写作需求,分 “核心主题词、语法关联词、过渡词” 三类整理,方便学生记忆与运用:
1. 核心主题词(校园生活相关)
类别
英文
中文
例
学科
biology/geography/history
生物 / 地理 / 历史
have a biology class(上生物课)
交通方式
on foot/by bike/by underground
步行 / 骑自行车 / 乘地铁
go to school by bike
校园设施
teaching building/playground/library
教学楼 / 操场 / 图书馆
read books in the library
课后活动
club/activity/sports meeting
俱乐部 / 活动 / 运动会
join the music club(加入音乐俱乐部)
情感与动作
look forward to/enjoy/relax
期待 / 享受 / 放松
enjoy playing basketball(喜欢打篮球)
2. 关联词
可数名词复数:subjects(学科)、activities(活动)、clubs(俱乐部)、classrooms(教室)、books(书);
There be 句型常用名词:a library(一个图书馆)、two playgrounds(两个操场)、many trees(很多树)、some desks(一些书桌);
频率副词:usually(通常)、often(经常)、sometimes(有时)、seldom(很少)、never(从不)。
3. 过渡词
功能
英文
用法示例
时间顺序
In the morning/After school/Every Friday
In the morning, we have four classes. After school, we go to the club.
并列补充
And/Also/Besides
I like PE, and I also enjoy art class.
因果关系
Because/so
I go to school by bike because my home is near.
七、句型指导
1. 开头句型(身份 + 整体感受)
1.I’m [姓名], a Grade 8 student at [学校名]. My school life is [形容词,如 colorful/fun/busy but interesting].
2.(示例:I’m Han Mei, a Grade 8 student at No. 3 Middle School. My school life is colorful and full of surprises.)
3.I study in [学校名]. Every day, I have a great time at school because my school life is so interesting.
4.(示例:I study in Sunshine Middle School. Every day, I have a great time at school because my school life is so interesting.)
2. 中间句型(时间、学科、活动)
(1)上学方式与时间
1.I usually go to school [交通方式], and our first class starts at [时间].
2.(示例:I usually go to school on foot, and our first class starts at 8:00 a.m.)
3.There is a [校园设施] in my school. We often [活动] there during break time.
4.(示例:There is a small garden in my school. We often chat with friends there during break time.)
(2)学科偏好与原因
1.My favorite subject is [学科名] because [原因,含细节].
2.(示例:My favorite subject is math because our math teacher often uses games to help us learn—it’s not boring at all.)
3.We learn many subjects, such as [学科 1], [学科 2] and [学科 3]. Among them, I like [学科名] best.
4.(示例:We learn many subjects, such as Chinese, English and PE. Among them, I like PE best.)
(3)课后活动
1.After school, I often [活动] with my friends. Sometimes, I join [俱乐部名] and [俱乐部活动].
2.(示例:After school, I often play badminton with my friends. Sometimes, I join the art club and draw pictures.)
3.I [频率副词] go to [地点] after class. It makes me [感受].
4.(示例:I often go to the library after class. It makes me feel calm and happy.)
3. 结尾句型(情感 + 愿望)
1.I really love my school life. It gives me [收获,如 knowledge/friends/fun], and I hope [愿望].
2.(示例:I really love my school life. It gives me lots of fun and good friends, and I hope we can have a school trip next month.)
3.How wonderful my school life is! I’m lucky to study in such a great school.
4.(示例:How wonderful my school life is! I’m lucky to study in such a great school.)
八、范例作文
My Colorful School Life
I’m Li Hua, a Grade 8 student at No. 2 Middle School. My school life is busy but really colorful—I never feel bored at school.
I live near my school, so I usually go to school on foot. Our first class starts at 8:00 a.m., and we have six classes a day. We learn many subjects, like Chinese, math, English, PE and art. My favorite subject is PE. Every Wednesday afternoon, we have PE class on the big playground. Last week, we had a basketball game with Class 3, and our class won—it was so exciting! There is also a nice library in my school. After school, I often go there to read storybooks; the quiet environment helps me relax.
I really love my school life. It teaches me useful knowledge and lets me make great friends. I hope next term we can have more after-school activities, like a painting competition or a music show!
九、实战演练
假定你是李华,你的英国笔友 David 来信说他很想了解中国初中生的校园生活,希望你能和他分享你的校园日常。请你根据以下提示给他回一封邮件:
1. 你每天的上学方式及选择该方式的原因;
2. 你最喜欢的学科及课堂上常做的活动;
3. 你课后经常参与的活动(如俱乐部、运动、阅读等);
4. 你对自己校园生活的整体感受。
要求:
1. 词数 80-100 词左右;
2. 条理清晰,语句通顺,语法正确;
3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息;
4. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear David,
I’m glad to get your email. You said you wanted to know about my school life in China, so I’d like to tell you something about it.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to hearing about your school life too!
Yours,
Li Hua
1. 内容完整性:贴合命题提示与单元主题,覆盖核心要点
范文完全呼应试题 4 个提示要求,且每个要点均融入具体细节,符合 “提示点无遗漏 + 细节具体化” 的命题规律:
上学方式:明确 “on foot(步行)”,补充 “耗时 10 分钟 + 能享受新鲜空气” 的原因,对应 “Ways of coming to school” 交通方式表达(如的 “on foot”);
学科偏好:聚焦 “English(英语)”,细化 “课堂对话、看英语动画” 的活动,贴合 “Subjects and timetables” 对学科学习场景的描述;
课后活动:提及 “music club(音乐俱乐部练吉他)” 和 “library(图书馆读故事书)”,呼应 “After-school activities” 的俱乐部、图书馆场景;
整体感受:用 “busy but colorful”“brings me happiness” 传递情感,符合 “Our Colorful School Life” 的主题核心。
2. 语言运用:紧扣单元核心语法与词汇,符合八年级水平
范文精准运用单元的核心语法、词汇,体现 “学以致用”:
语法层面:使用 “usually(频率副词,)” 描述日常行为,用 “There be 句型()” 介绍校园设施(“There is also a big library”),语法准确点;
词汇层面:涵盖单元主题词汇,如 “on foot(步行,)”“subject(学科,)”“music club(音乐俱乐部,)”“library(图书馆,)”,词汇使用自然且紧扣话题。
3. 结构逻辑:符合 “总分总” 书信体例,衔接流畅
范文遵循 “书信体裁 + 清晰逻辑” ,结构严谨:
开头:承接邮件给定开头,快速切入 “分享校园生活” 的主题,符合书信 “开门见山” 的交际需求;
中间:用 “so(表原因)”“After school(表时间)”“sometimes(表频率)” 等过渡词衔接 “上学 — 课堂 — 课后” 三个场景,逻辑顺序清晰,符合学生认知;
结尾:先表达对校园生活的热爱,再衔接试题给定结尾,结构完整,情感真挚。
4. 交际性:贴合笔友对话场景,体现跨文化交流
范文呼应 “给英国笔友写信” 的交际背景,内容选择兼顾 “中国校园特色” 与 “易懂性”(如未使用复杂文化术语,用 “short English cartoons” 等通用表达),符合 “通过书信考查跨文化交际能力” 的潜在要求,同时传递对校园生活的积极态度,情感真挚。
1 / 11
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$
Unit 3 Our Colorful School Life
单词
1.colourful /ˈkʌləfl/adj. 丰富多彩的;五彩缤纷的(美式 colorful)
2.life /laɪf/n. 生活;生命(复数 lives /laɪvz/)
3.biology /baɪˈɒlədʒi/n. 生物学
4.Chinese /ˌtʃaɪˈniːz/n. 汉语;中国人 adj. 中国的
5.geography /dʒiˈɒgrəfi/n. 地理(学)
6.art /ɑːt/n. 美术,艺术
7.history /ˈhɪstri/n. 历史课;历史
8.computer /kəmˈpjuːtə(r)/n. 电脑
9.Wednesday /ˈwenzdeɪ/n. 星期三
10.English /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/n. 英语学科;英语 adj. 英格兰的;英语的
11.begin /bɪˈɡɪn/v. 开始
12.o’clock /əˈklɒk/adv.(表示整点)…… 点钟
13.ten /ten/num. 十
14.half /hɑːf/n. 一半
15.past /pɑːst/prep. 在…… 之后 n. 过去
16.over /ˈəʊvə(r)/adv. 结束;穿过 prep. 遍及;在…… 上面
17.quarter /ˈkwɔːtə(r)/n. 一刻钟;四分之一
18.now /naʊ/adv. 现在;目前
19.favourite /ˈfeɪvərɪt/adj. 特别受喜爱的 n. 特别喜爱的人(或事物)(美式 favorite)
20.subject /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/n. 科目
21.Thursday /ˈθɜːzdeɪ/n. 星期四
22.by /baɪ/prep.(表示方式);在…… 旁边;在…… 之前
23.underground /ˈʌndəɡraʊnd/n. 地铁
24.plane /pleɪn/n. 飞机
25.foot /fʊt/n. 脚,足;底部(复数 feet /fiːt/)
26.car /kɑː(r)/n. 小汽车;轿车
27.train /treɪn/n. 火车 v. 训练;培训
28.ship /ʃɪp/n.(大)船 v. 运输
29.boat /bəʊt/n.(泛指)船;舟,小船
30.way /weɪ/n. 方式;方面;路
31.stop /stɒp/n. 车站;停止 v. 停下;停止
32.usually /ˈjuːʒuəli/adv. 经常地
33.come /kʌm/v. 来;来到
34.far /fɑː(r)/adv. 远
35.never /ˈnevə(r)/adv. 从不
36.take /teɪk/v. 乘坐;带去;携带;拍照
37.seldom /ˈseldəm/adv. 不常,很少
38.near /nɪə(r)/prep. 在…… 附近
39.library /ˈlaɪbrəri/n. 图书馆
40.building /ˈbɪldɪŋ/n. 建筑物;楼房
41.floor /flɔː(r)/n. 楼层;地板
42.five /faɪv/num. 五
43.playground /ˈpleɪɡraʊnd/n. 操场
44.next /nekst/adj. 紧挨着的;下一个的 adv. 紧接着;随后
45.next to prep. 紧邻,在…… 近旁;紧接
46.garden /ˈɡɑːdn/n. 花园
47.flower /ˈflaʊə(r)/n. 花,花朵;花卉
48.tidy /ˈtaɪdi/adj. 整洁的 v. 使整洁
49.club /klʌb/n. 俱乐部;社团
50.open /ˈəʊpən/v. 开门,开业;打开 adj. 开放;敞开的
51.p.m./ˌpiːˈem/abbr. 下午,午后
52.Tuesday /ˈtjuːzdeɪ/n. 星期二
53.hall /hɔːl/n. 礼堂,大厅;走廊
54.song /sɒŋ/n. 歌曲
55.put /pʊt/v. 放;安置
56.Friday /ˈfraɪdeɪ/n. 星期五
57.water /ˈwɔːtə(r)/n. 水 v. 浇水
58.game /ɡeɪm/n. 游戏;运动项目;比赛
59.fun /fʌn/adj. 有趣的 n. 乐趣
60.Monday /ˈmʌndeɪ/n. 星期一
61.raise /reɪz/v. 提升,举起;增加;筹募
62.national /ˈnæʃnəl/adj. 国家的;民族的;全国的
63.flag /flæɡ/n. 旗;旗帜
64.start /stɑːt/v. 开始 n. 开头
65.first /fɜːst/det. & 序数词 第一;首要的 adv. 首先;第一次
66.a.m./ˌeɪˈem/abbr. 上午,午前
67.make /meɪk/v. 使成为;做;使变得
68.hand /hænd/n. 手;帮助
69.answer /ˈɑːnsə(r)/v. 答复;回答 n. 答复,回答;答案
70.question /ˈkwestʃən/n. 问题
71.box /bɒks/n. 盒,箱;方框
72.knife /naɪf/n. 刀(复数 knives /naɪvz/)
73.glass /ɡlɑːs/n. 玻璃杯;眼镜;玻璃
74.dish /dɪʃ/n. 菜肴;餐具
75.tomato /təˈmɑːtəʊ/n. 番茄
76.country /ˈkʌntri/n. 国家
77.American /əˈmerɪkən/adj. 美国的 n. 美国人
78.during /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/prep. 在…… 期间
79.classroom /ˈklɑːsruːm/n. 教室;课堂
80.part /pɑːt/n. 参与;部分
81.bottle /ˈbɒtl/n. 瓶子
82.any /ˈeni/det. 任何的,任一的 pron. 任一;任何数量
83.juice /dʒuːs/n. 果汁;菜汁
84.blackboard /ˈblækbɔːd/n. 黑板
85.desk /desk/n. 书桌
86.chair /tʃeə(r)/n. 椅子
87.pencil /ˈpensl/n. 铅笔
88.ruler /ˈruːlə(r)/n. 直尺
89.schoolbag /ˈskuːlbæɡ/n. 书包
90.ping-pong n. 乒乓球运动
91.ball /bɔːl/n. 球
92.find /faɪnd/v. 找到;发现;认为
93.lost /lɒst/adj. 丢失的;迷路的
94.colour /ˈkʌlə(r)/n. 颜色 v. 为…… 着色(美式 color)
95.end /end/v. 结束;终止 n. 结尾;末端
96.learn /lɜːn/v. 学习;记住
97.interesting /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/adj. 有趣的
98.join /dʒɔɪn/v. 参加;加入
99.web /web/n. 万维网
100.page /peɪdʒ/n. 页;页面
101.city /ˈsɪti/n. 都市;城市
102.welcome /ˈwelkəm/adj. 受欢迎的 int. & v. 欢迎
103.out /aʊt/adv.(从…… 里)出来;在外面;外出
104.more /mɔː(r)/det. & pron. 更多的 adv. 更
105.want /wɒnt/v. 想要;需要
106.because /bɪˈkəz/conj. 因为
107.room /ruːm/n. 房间;空间
108.writer /ˈraɪtə(r)/n. 作家
109.ask /ɑːsk/v. 问,询问;请求
短语
1.乘地铁 / 飞机 / 小汽车 / 火车 /(大) 船 / 公共汽车 / 船 (舟)……
by underground/plane/car/train/ship/bus/boat...
2.骑自行车 by bike
3.步行 on foot
4.讨论,谈论 talk about
5.…… 怎么样 how/what about...
6.远离 far from
7.乘地铁 take the underground
8.许多,大量 a lot of/lots of
9.举办;上演;展出 put on
10.在操场 on the playground
11.回答问题 answer questions
12.拍照 take photos/pictures
13.开始时 at the start (of sth.)
14.参加 take part in
15.做运动 play sports
16.非常开心 have great fun
17.发现,查明 find out
18.想要做某事 want to do sth.
19.了解,学习关于…… learn about...
句型
1.What time is it now?(现在几点了?)
2.It’s eight o’clock.(现在八点了。)
3.It’s time for our Chinese class.(到我们上语文课的时间了。)
4.How do you usually come to school?(你通常怎么来学校?)
5.My home is not very far, so I usually come here on foot, sometimes by bike.(我家不太远,所以我通常步行来这儿,有时骑自行车。)
6.I live far from school. I never come to school on foot.(我家离学校远。我从不步行来学校。)
7.I seldom take the underground. I always come to school by bus.(我很少坐地铁。我总是坐公交车来学校。)
8.We have a big school library. It is a new building with two floors.(我们有一个大学校图书馆。它是一座两层的新建筑。)
9.There is a beautiful teaching building.(有一座漂亮的教学楼。)
10.What time does the English club open?(英语俱乐部什么时候开放?)
11.The English Club opens at 5:30 p.m. every Tuesday.(英语俱乐部每周二下午五点半开放。)
12.Every Friday, the girl goes to the art club to draw pictures there.(每周五,这个女孩去美术俱乐部画画。)
13.Our school life is fun and colorful.(我们的学校生活有趣又丰富多彩。)
14.On the morning of every Monday, we raise the national flag.(每周一早上,我们举行升旗仪式。)
15.We start the first class at 8:00 a.m. every day.(我们每天早上八点开始上第一节课。)
16.There are many student clubs in our school. (我们学校有很多学生俱乐部。)
17.We can make friends with other students there.(我们可以在那儿和其他学生交朋友。)
18.My sister likes reading books.(我妹妹喜欢看书。)
19.What’s in the big box?(大盒子里有什么?)
20. There are some bottles in it.(里面有一些瓶子。)
21.Is there any water in the bottles? No, there isn’t. But there is some juice.(瓶子里有水吗?没有。但是有一些果汁。)
22.Zhou Hua can’t find his schoolbag.(周华找不到他的书包了。)
23.Can I help you? Yes. I can’t find my schoolbag.(我能帮你吗?是的。我找不到我的书包了。)
24.We usually start our day at 8:00 a.m., and our classes end at 4:00 p.m.(我们通常早上八点开始一天的学习,下午四点下课。)
25.Greenland Middle School has a history of 32 years.(格林兰中学有 32 年的历史了。)
26.Li Mei wants to know more about the past. (李梅想了解更多关于过去的事情。)
27.Her favorite subject is history.(她最喜欢的科目是历史。)
语法
1. Countable nouns
2. There be ...
语音
1. Phonetic symbols (/aɪ/ /ɪ/ /f/ /v/ /s/ /z/ /h/ /r/)& Intonation
一、语言点详解
Period 1 Preparing for the Topic
原句1. What time is it now?(现在几点了?)(P38)
讲:此句为询问当前时间的特殊疑问句,结构为 “What time+be 动词 + 主语?”。“What time” 专门用于对 “具体时刻” 提问(区别于 “when” 可对日期、时间段提问);
“it” 此处是形式主语,无实际意义,仅指代 “时间”。
例句:What time is it now? It’s nine thirty.(现在几点了?九点半了。)
拓展:同义句型 ——“What’s the time now?”,如 “What’s the time now? It’s ten o’clock.(现在几点了?十点了。)”;
对 “时间段” 提问用 “when”,如 “When do you go to school?(你什么时候上学?)”
原句2. It’s eight o’clock.(现在八点了。)(P38)
讲:此句是时间回答的基础句型,结构为 “It’s + 时间点”。“eight o’clock” 是 “整点时间” 表达,“o’clock” 可省略(口语中常说 “It’s eight”);
非整点时间有两种表达:
①顺读(先时后分,如 10:20→ten twenty);
②逆读(先分后时,30 分钟及以内用 “past”,如 9:15→a quarter past nine;30 分钟以上用 “to”,如 3:45→a quarter to four)。
例句:It’s three fifteen.(顺读:三点十五)/ It’s a quarter past three.(逆读:三点十五)
辨析:“o’clock”“past”“to” 的用法 ——“o’clock” 仅用于整点(It’s six o’clock);
“past” 表 “过了”(分≤30),“to” 表 “差”(分>30);
“a quarter”=15 分钟,“half”=30 分钟,如 “It’s half past seven.(七点半)”
原句3. It’s time for our Chinese class.(到我们上语文课的时间了。)(P38)
讲:核心句型 “It’s time for + 名词”,意为 “到做某事的时间了”,“for” 是介词,后接名词 / 名词短语(此处 “our Chinese class”);同义结构为 “ It’s time to do sth”(后接动词原形),两者可互换,如 “It’s time to have our Chinese class.”。
例句:It’s time for PE class. = It’s time to have PE class.(到上体育课的时间了。)
拓展:“It’s time for sb to do sth” 表 “到某人做某事的时间了”,如 “It’s time for us to go to school.(到我们上学的时间了。)”
原句4. I like PE best. It’s at 4:30 on Thursday afternoon.(我最喜欢体育课。它在周四下午四点半。)(P39)
讲:“like...best” 表 “最喜欢……”,等同于 “favorite”(My favorite subject is PE.);
“at 4:30” 是 “具体时刻”,前用介词 “at”;
“on Thursday afternoon” 是 “具体某天的下午”,前用介词 “on”(泛指下午用 “in the afternoon”)。
例句:I like math best. It’s at 9:00 on Monday morning.(我最喜欢数学课。它在周一上午九点。)
辨析:“at”“on”“in” 表时间的区别 ——“at” 接具体时刻(at 8:00);“on” 接具体某天 / 某天的上 / 下 / 晚(on Sunday, on the morning of May 1st);“in” 接年 / 月 / 季节 / 泛指的上 / 下 / 晚(in 2024, in October, in spring, in the evening)。
原句5. How do you usually come to school? I usually come here on foot, sometimes by bike.(你通常怎么上学?我通常步行来,有时候骑自行车。)(P40)
讲:“How do you...come to school?” 用于询问 “上学方式”,“usually”“sometimes” 是频度副词,表 “通常”“有时候”,需放在实义动词 “come” 前;
“on foot” 是 “步行”(固定表达,无 “by foot”),“by bike” 是 “骑自行车”,“by + 交通工具” 表出行方式(by bus, by car)。
例句:How do you usually come to school? I usually come by bus.(你通常怎么上学?我通常坐公交车。)
拓展:“by + 交通工具” 与 “take + 交通工具” 的区别 ——“by” 后直接接交通工具(无冠词,by bike);“take” 后接 “a/an/the + 交通工具”(take a bike, take the bus),如 “I take the underground to school. = I go to school by underground.(我坐地铁上学。)”
原句6. I never come to school on foot. I often take the underground.(我从不步行上学。我经常坐地铁。)(P40)
讲:“never”(从不)、“often”(经常)是频度副词,频度从高到低排序为:always(总是)>usually(通常)>often(经常)>sometimes(有时候)>seldom(很少)>never(从不);频度副词均放在实义动词前,be 动词后,如 “She is always late.(be 动词后)”“He often plays basketball.(实义动词前)”。
例句:She seldom takes the train. She usually goes by car.(她很少坐火车。她通常坐汽车。)
辨析:“seldom” 与 “never” 的区别 ——“seldom” 表 “很少,偶尔会”(频率极低),“never” 表 “完全不,从未”(频率为 0),如 “I seldom eat fast food.(我很少吃快餐。)”“I never eat fast food.(我从不吃快餐。)”
Period 2 Exploring the Topic
原句1. On the morning of every Monday, we raise the national flag.(每周一上午,我们升国旗。)(P44)
讲:“on the morning of every Monday” 是 “具体某天的上午”,前用介词 “on”(泛指上午用 “in the morning”);“raise the national flag” 是固定短语,意为 “升国旗”,“raise” 是及物动词,表 “举起、升起”;
“every Monday” 表 “每周一”,描述习惯性动作,时态用一般现在时。
例句:On the afternoon of every Friday, we have a club activity.(每周五下午,我们有俱乐部活动。)
拓展:“raise” 与 “rise” 的区别 ——“raise” 是及物动词,需接宾语(raise the flag, raise hands);
“rise” 是不及物动词,不接宾语(the sun rises, prices rise),如 “The sun rises in the east. We raise the national flag every Monday.(太阳从东方升起。我们每周一升国旗。)”
原句2. We start the first class at 8:00 a.m. every day. We study Chinese, English, math, science and many other subjects.(我们每天上午八点开始第一节课。我们学习语文、英语、数学、科学和很多其他科目。)(P44)
讲:“start the first class” 意为 “开始第一节课”,“start”=“begin”(We begin the first class...);
“at 8:00 a.m.” 是 “具体时刻”,前用 “at”;“many other subjects” 表 “很多其他科目”,“other” 后接复数名词(subjects),表 “除了提到的之外的其他”。
例句:We start math class at 9:00 a.m. We also study art and PE.(我们上午九点开始数学课。我们还学习美术和体育。)
辨析:“other”“another”“others” 的区别 ——“other + 复数名词”(other books);“another + 单数名词”(another book);“others”=“other + 复数名词”(I have two books. Others are on the desk.)。
原句3. I enjoy singing and playing the guitar in the music club.(我喜欢在音乐俱乐部唱歌和弹吉他。)(P44)
讲:“enjoy doing sth” 是固定结构,意为 “喜欢做某事”,“enjoy” 后接动名词(singing, playing),不可接不定式;
“play the guitar” 是 “弹吉他”,乐器前需加定冠词 “the”(play the piano, play the violin);
“in the music club” 是 “在音乐俱乐部”,“in” 表 “在…… 场所内”。
例句:She enjoys reading books in the school library. He enjoys playing the piano in the music room.(她喜欢在学校图书馆看书。他喜欢在音乐教室弹钢琴。)
拓展:“enjoy” 的其他用法 ——“enjoy oneself”=“have a good time”(玩得开心),如 “We enjoy ourselves in the park.(我们在公园玩得很开心。)”
原句4. My sister likes reading books.(我妹妹喜欢看书。)(P46)
讲:“books” 是可数名词 “book” 的复数形式,可数名词有 “单数” 和 “复数” 两种形式,单数前可加 “a/an”(a book),复数前可加 “many”“some” 等(many books, some books);“like reading books” 中 “books” 用复数,表 “泛指所有书”,非特指某一本。
例句:He likes playing basketballs. → 错误(球类不可数,无复数);He likes playing basketball. → 正确;She likes reading a book. → 正确(特指某一本书)。
拓展:可数名词与不可数名词区分 —— 可数名词:能数清数量(book, pen, desk);不可数名词:数不清 / 需借助单位(water, milk, rice,a glass of water)。
原句5. There are two boxes in the boy’s hands.(男孩手里有两个盒子。)(P46)
讲:“box” 的复数是 “boxes”,属于 “以 s/x/ch/sh 结尾的可数名词,复数加 es” 的规则变化;“two boxes” 中 “two” 修饰复数名词,“boxes” 前不加 “a/an”;
例句:There are three buses in the street.(street 上有三辆公交车,bus→buses);There are four watches on the desk.(书桌上有四块手表,watch→watches)。
拓展:可数名词复数规则变化表 ——
规则
例词
一般直接加 s
book→books, pen→pens
以 s/x/ch/sh 结尾加 es
box→boxes, watch→watches
以 o 结尾加 es
tomato→tomatoes, potato→potatoes
以 f/fe 结尾,变 f/fe 为 v 加 es
knife→knives, leaf→leaves
以 y 结尾,变 y 为 i 加 es
city→cities, family→families
原句6. There are two knives on the table.(桌子上有两把刀。)(P46)
讲:“knife” 的复数是 “knives”,属于 “以 f/fe 结尾的可数名词,变 f/fe 为 v 加 es” 的规则变化;注意 “knife” 的拼写,结尾是 “fe”,变复数时先去 “fe”,加 “ves”;“two knives” 中 “two” 修饰复数,“knives” 前无冠词。
例句:There are five leaves on the ground.(地上有五片叶子,leaf→leaves);I have three wives. → 错误(wife→wives,“妻子” 的复数)。
辨析:不规则复数名词 —— 部分名词复数无规律,需特殊记忆:man→men, woman→women, child→children, foot→feet, tooth→teeth,如 “There are two men in the room.(房间里有两个男人。)”
原句7. At an American school, students meet their class teachers at the start of the day.(在美国的一所学校里,学生们在一天开始时见班主任。)(P46)
讲:“the start of the day” 意为 “一天的开始”,“the day” 是单数,表 “泛指一天”;
例句:In our school, students have lunch at 12:00.(在我们学校,学生们十二点吃午饭。)
拓展:“at the start of”=“at the beginning of”(在…… 开始时),如 “at the start of the class”=“at the beginning of the class(在上课开始时)”。
原句8. They make friends with students from America and other countries.(他们和来自美国及其他国家的学生交朋友。)(P46)
讲:“make friends with sb” 是固定短语,意为 “和某人交朋友”,“friends” 必须用复数(交朋友是双方的,不止一个朋友);
“other countries” 中 “countries” 是 “country” 的复数,“other” 后接复数名词,表 “其他国家”(非美国的其他国家)。
例句:She makes friends with her classmates. They are from other cities.(她和同学交朋友。他们来自其他城市。)
辨析:“other” 与 “another”——“other + 复数名词”(other countries);“another + 单数名词”(another country,指 “另一个国家”),如 “I want to visit another country.(我想参观另一个国家。)”
Period 3 Developing the Topic
原句1. Miss Wang finds the schoolbag near the computer.(王老师在电脑旁边找到了书包。)(P48)
讲:“finds” 是 “find” 的第三人称单数形式(主语 “Miss Wang” 是三单),意为 “找到”(强调结果,区别于 “look for” 强调动作);
“near the computer” 是方位短语,意为 “在电脑旁边”,“near” 表 “在…… 附近”,其他方位词还有 “next to(旁边)”“on(上面)”“under(下面)”。
例句:He finds his pen under the desk.(他在书桌下找到了他的笔。)
辨析:“find” 与 “look for” 的区别 ——“find” 表 “找到”(结果),“look for” 表 “寻找”(动作),如 “I look for my key. I can’t find it.(我找我的钥匙,找不到。)”
原句2. We usually start our day at 8:00 a.m., and our classes end at 4:00 p.m.(我们通常上午八点开始一天的学习,下午四点结束课程。)(P49)
讲:此句是 “主体部分 —— 学校时间”,用 “usually” 表 “习惯性时间”,“start our day” 意为 “开始一天的学习”,“end at 4:00 p.m.” 意为 “下午四点结束”;
“at 8:00 a.m.”“at 4:00 p.m.” 是具体时刻,前用 “at”;“a.m.”= 上午(0:00-12:00),“p.m.”= 下午(12:00-24:00)。
例句:We usually start class at 7:50 a.m., and our classes end at 3:50 p.m.(我们通常上午七点五十开始上课,下午三点五十结束。)
拓展:时间表达补充 ——“from...to...” 表 “从…… 到……”,如 “We have classes from 8:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.(我们从上午八点到下午四点有课。)”
Period 4 Wrapping Up the Topic
原句1. Greenland Middle School Our school is in Greenland city. It has a history of 32 years.(格陵兰中学 我们的学校在格陵兰市,有 32 年的历史。)(P51)
讲:“has a history of + 数字 + years” 是 “有…… 年历史” 的固定表达;“it” 指代 “our school”,避免重复。
例句:Our school is in Beijing. It has a history of 20 years.(我们的学校在北京,有 20 年的历史。)
原句2. There is also a big science building. We often have science classes in it.(还有一栋大的科学楼。我们经常在里面上科学课。)(P52)
讲:“a big science building” 是单数,故用 “There is”;“also” 表 “也”,放 “there be” 中间(There is also...);“in it” 中 “it” 指代 “science building”,避免重复;“have science classes” 意为 “上科学课”,“have + 科目 + classes” 是固定表达。
例句:There is also a music room. We have music classes in it.(还有一个音乐教室,我们在里面上音乐课。)
辨析:“also”“too”“either” 的区别 ——“also” 放句中(be 动词后、实义动词前),“too” 放句末(肯定句),“either” 放句末(否定句),如 “There is also a library. = There is a library, too.(还有一个图书馆。)”“There isn’t a library, either.(也没有图书馆。)”
综合训练
一、单项选择
1.—_______ do you usually get up on weekends? —At 8:30 a.m.
A. What time B. When C. What D. How
【答案】A
【解析】考查时间提问的辨析,“What time” 专门对 “具体时刻” 提问,“When” 可对日期、时间段提问,答语 “At 8:30 a.m.” 是具体时刻,故填 A。
2.—What time is it now? —It’s _______, so we need to hurry to class.
A. a quarter past nine B. a quarter to nine C. nine past a quarter D. nine to a quarter
【答案】B
【解析】考查 时间表达的逆读用法,“a quarter” 表示 15 分钟,“30 分钟以上用 to”,选项 B “a quarter to nine” 意为 “8 点 45 分”,符合 “需赶去上课” 的语境,且逆读表达正确,故填 B。
3.It’s 9:00 a.m. now, so _______ our English class.
A. it’s time to B. it’s time for C. we time for D. we time to
【答案】B
【解析】考查 “It’s time for + 名词” 的句型,“our English class” 是名词短语,需用 “it’s time for”,“it’s time to” 后接动词原形,故填 B。
4.We will have a school trip _______ the morning of October 1st.
A. at B. on C. in D. for
【答案】B
【解析】考查 表时间的介词辨析,“the morning of October 1st” 是 “具体某天的上午”,前用介词 “on”,“at” 接具体时刻,“in” 接泛指的上午 / 下午,故填 B。
5.—How do you usually go to the park? —I usually go there _______, not _______ bike.
A. on foot; by B. on foot; in C. by foot; by D. by foot; in
【答案】A
【解析】考查出行方式的表达,“步行” 是固定短语 “on foot”(无 “by foot”),“骑自行车” 是 “by bike”,“by + 交通工具” 表出行方式,故填 A。
6.My mother _______ gets up late. She always cooks breakfast for us at 6:00 a.m.
A. usually B. often C. seldom D. never
【答案】D
【解析】考查 频度副词的辨析及语境理解,根据 “always cooks breakfast at 6:00 a.m.” 可知妈妈 “从不” 起晚,“never” 表 “从未”,频度为 0,故填 D。
7.The students _______ the national flag every Monday morning, and the sun _______ in the east at the same time.
A. rise; raise B. raise; rises C. raises; rises D. rise; raises
【答案】B
【解析】考查 “raise” 与 “rise” 的区别,“raise” 是及物动词(需接宾语,如 the national flag),主语 “students” 是复数,用原形;“rise” 是不及物动词(不接宾语),主语 “the sun” 是单数,用 “rises”,故填 B。
8.Tom enjoys _______ basketball with his friends after school. He thinks it’s relaxing.
A. play B. plays C. playing D. to play
【答案】C
【解析】考查 “enjoy doing sth” 的固定结构,“enjoy” 后接动名词(doing),不可接不定式(to do),故填 C。
9.There are three _______ on the desk. My sister uses them to cut paper.
A. knife B. knifes C. knives D. knife’s
【答案】C
【解析】考查 可数名词复数的规则变化,“knife” 是以 “fe” 结尾的名词,复数需变 “fe” 为 “v” 加 “es”,即 “knives”,“three” 修饰复数名词,故填 C。
10.—Is there a music room in your school? —Yes, _______ is also a library next to it.
A. there B. this C. that D. it
【答案】A
【解析】考查 “there be” 句型的叠加使用,上文用 “there be” 提问,下文表 “还有一个图书馆”,需用 “there is also...”,“there be” 表 “某地有某物”,故填 A。
二、句型转换
1.It’s time for lunch.(改为同义句)
It’s time _______ _______ lunch.
【答案】to have
【解析】考查 Period 1 原句 3 中 “it’s time for + 名词” 与 “it’s time to do sth” 的同义转换,“lunch” 是名词,“it’s time for lunch” 可转换为 “it’s time to have lunch”(“have lunch” 是动词短语,表 “吃午饭”),故填 to have。
2.We usually come to school by bus.(对划线部分提问)
_______ _______ you usually come to school?
【答案】How do
【解析】考查 Period 1 原句 5 中对出行方式的提问,划线部分 “by bus” 是出行方式,用 “how” 提问,原句是一般现在时,主语 “we” 是复数,助动词用 “do”,故填 How do。
3.The math class starts at 9:00 a.m. and ends at 10:40 a.m.(改为同义句)
We have math class _______ 9:00 a.m. _______ 10:40 a.m.
【答案】from; to
【解析】考查 Period 3 原句 2 中 “from...to...” 的用法,“from...to...” 表 “从…… 到……”,可用于连接开始和结束的时间,原句 “9:00 a.m. 开始,10:40 a.m. 结束” 即 “从上午 9 点到 10 点 40 分有数学课”,故填 from; to。
4. He enjoys playing the piano in his free time.(改为否定句)
He _______ _______ playing the piano in his free time.
【答案】doesn’t enjoy
【解析】考查 Period 2 原句 3 中 “enjoy” 的否定形式,原句是一般现在时,主语 “he” 是第三人称单数,否定句需用助动词 “doesn’t”,后接动词原形 “enjoy”,故填 doesn’t enjoy。
三、根据句意及首字母提示填空
1.Our school is in Shanghai. It has a h_______ of 50 years.
【答案】history
【解析】考查 Period 4 原句 1 中 “has a history of + 数字 + years” 的固定表达,意为 “有…… 年历史”,根据首字母 “h” 及 “50 years” 可知是 “history”(历史),故填 history。
2.My brother wants to m_______ friends with the new student from Guangzhou.
【答案】make
【解析】考查 Period 2 原句 8 中 “make friends with sb” 的固定短语,意为 “和某人交朋友”,“want to” 后接动词原形,根据首字母 “m” 可知是 “make”,故填 make。
3. We can _______ (find) many books in the school library. We are _______ (look for) a storybook now.
【答案】find; looking for
【解析】考查 Period 3 原句 1 中 “find” 与 “look for” 的区别,“find” 表 “找到”(结果),情态动词 “can” 后接原形;“look for” 表 “寻找”(动作),根据 “now” 可知用现在进行时 “looking for”,故填 find; looking for。
四、句子改错(找出错误并改正)
1.There are two leaf on the ground.(____________ → ____________)
【答案】leaf → leaves
【解析】考查 Period 2 原句 6 中可数名词复数的规则变化,“leaf” 是以 “f” 结尾的名词,复数需变 “f” 为 “v” 加 “es”,即 “leaves”,“two” 修饰复数名词,故将 leaf 改为 leaves。
2.My father often go to work by the car.(____________ → ____________)
【答案】by the car → by car
【解析】考查 Period 1 原句 5 中 “by + 交通工具” 的表达规则,“by” 后直接接交通工具,不加冠词(a/an/the),“坐汽车” 是 “by car”,故将 by the car 改为 by car。
3. She is also like singing.(____________ → ____________)
【答案】is also like → also likes
【解析】考查 Period 4 原句 2 中 “also” 的位置及动词用法,“like” 是实义动词(表 “喜欢”),“also” 需放在实义动词前;主语 “she” 是第三人称单数,“like” 用 “likes”,“is” 多余(“be like” 表 “像……”,与句意不符),故将 is also like 改为 also likes。
二、语法清单
1. 可数名词(Countable Nouns)
语法要点
具体规则
典例
单数变复数(规则变化)
1. 一般情况:直接加 s
book→books, pen→pens, school→schools, desk→desks
2. 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾:加 es
watch→watches, box→boxes, dish→dishes, class→classes
3. 以 o 结尾(表有生命):加 es;表无生命:加 s(特殊记忆)
有生命:tomato→tomatoes, potato→potatoes;无生命:photo→photos, zoo→zoos
4. 以 f/fe 结尾:变 f/fe 为 v,再加 es
knife→knives, leaf→leaves, half→halves, wife→wives
5. 以 “辅音 + y” 结尾:变 y 为 i,再加 es
country→countries, city→cities, family→families
单数变复数(不规则变化)
无固定规则,需特殊记忆(核心例词)
man→men, woman→women, child→children, foot→feet, tooth→teeth
用法提示
1. 单数前可加 a/an(表泛指),复数前可加 many/some(表数量);
2. 复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式
a book→many books;The pens are in the pencil-box.(复数名词 + are)
2. There be 句型
语法要点
具体结构
典例
肯定句
There is + 单数名词 / 不可数名词;
There are + 复数名词
There is a map on the wall.
There are three chairs near the desk.
否定句
There isn’t + 单数名词 / 不可数名词;
There aren’t + 复数名词
There isn’t any water in the cup.
There aren’t any flowers in the room.
一般疑问句
Is there + 单数名词 / 不可数名词?;
Are there + 复数名词?
—Is there a computer in your classroom?
—Yes, there is./No, there isn’t.
—Are there any students in the playground?
—Yes, there are./No, there aren’t.
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词(What/How many/Where)+ is/are there...?
—What is there in your schoolbag?
—There is a notebook.
—How many desks are there in the classroom?
—There are 45.
核心原则(就近原则)
be 动词的单复数由 “靠近 be 动词的名词” 单复数决定(与远处名词无关)
There is a book and two pens on the desk.(近:a book 单数→用 is)
There are two pens and a book on the desk.(近:two pens 复数→用 are)
二、典型例题
1.There _______ a science lab and two teaching buildings in our school.
A. is B. are C. am D. be
【答案】A
【解析】考查 There be 句型的 “就近原则”。靠近 be 动词的名词是 “a science lab”(单数),be 动词需用 is,与远处的 “two teaching buildings” 无关。故填 A。
2.—How many _______ are there in the school library?
—There are over 1,000.
A. book B. books C. book’s D. booked
【答案】B
【解析】考查可数名词复数。“How many” 后需接可数名词复数形式,“book” 的复数是规则变化 “books”(直接加 s)。故填 B。
3.There _______ any milk in the fridge. Let’s go to the supermarket to buy some.
A. is B. isn’t C. are D. aren’t
【答案】B
【解析】考查 There be 句型的否定句。“milk” 是不可数名词,be 动词用 is;“any” 常用于否定句 / 疑问句,此处表 “没有牛奶”,需用否定形式 “isn’t”。故填 B。
4.My grandma grows some _______ in her garden. They are red and sweet.
A. tomato B. tomatos C. tomatoes D. tomato’s
【答案】C
【解析】考查可数名词(以 o 结尾)的复数变化。“tomato”(西红柿)表 “有生命的事物”,复数需加 es,即 “tomatoes”。故填 C。
5.—_______ there a music room near your classroom?
—Yes, there is. We often have music classes there.
A. Do B. Is C. Are D. Does
【答案】B
【解析】考查 There be 句型的一般疑问句。主语 “a music room” 是单数,一般疑问句需将 “Is” 提前,且 There be 句型不与助动词 Do/Does 连用。故填 B。
6.There are four _______ on the table. My sister uses them to cut fruit.
A. knife B. knifes C. knives D. knife’s
【答案】C
【解析】考查可数名词(以 f/fe 结尾)的复数变化。“knife” 以 “fe” 结尾,复数需变 “fe” 为 “v” 再加 es,即 “knives”。故填 C。
7.—What _______ there in the lost and found box?
—There are some keys and a schoolbag.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
【答案】A
【解析】考查 There be 句型的特殊疑问句。“What” 作主语时,无论后面名词单复数,be 动词常用单数 “is”;结合答句 “are” 可知时态为一般现在时。故填 A。
8.There _______ two art clubs and a sports club in our school. We can join any of them.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
【答案】B
【解析】考查 There be 句型的 “就近原则” 及用法禁忌。靠近 be 动词的名词是 “two art clubs”(复数),be 动词用 are;且 There be 句型不能与 “has/have” 连用(表 “某地有某物” 需用 There be,表 “某人有某物” 用 have/has)。故填 B。
9.My uncle has two _______. They are both middle school teachers.
A. man B. mans C. men D. mens
【答案】C
【解析】考查可数名词的不规则复数。“man”(男人)的复数是特殊变化 “men”,无 “mans” 或 “mens” 的形式。故填 C。
10. —Are there any _______ in the computer room?
—Yes, there are. Students use them to do online exercises.
A. piano B. pianos C. pianoes D. piano’s
【答案】B
【解析】考查可数名词(以 o 结尾)的复数变化。“piano”(钢琴)表 “无生命的事物”,复数直接加 s,即 “pianos”(非 “pianoes”)。故填 B。
三、写作话题分析
1. 话题核心
以 “介绍个人学校生活” 为核心,涵盖 “校园日常时间安排 — 学科学习与偏好 — 课后活动与俱乐部 — 对学校生活的情感” 四个层次,要求学生结合自身经历,用英语清晰、有条理地描述校园生活,传递对学校的热爱。
2. 新课标对接
语言能力:聚焦 “记叙与描述” 类表达,要求学生运用 “时间表达、频率副词、There be 句型” 等语法知识,以及 “学科、交通方式、俱乐部” 等主题词汇,组织连贯的语篇,符合初中阶段 “能围绕熟悉话题写出简单语段” 的要求。
思维品质:通过 “分点介绍学校生活(如时间、学科、活动)”,培养学生的逻辑思维与细节分类能力;通过 “对比自身与他人校园生活”,初步发展辩证思维。
文化意识: “中西方校园生活差异”(如美国学生按学科换教室),引导学生在写作中感知不同文化的校园模式,同时通过介绍中国校园的特色活动(如升旗仪式),增强文化认同。
学习能力:通过 “绘制主观点 — 细节思维导图”“小组合作设计校园网页” 等任务,培养学生自主梳理思路、合作完成写作相关任务的能力。
二、写作内容
写作内容需包含以下核心模块,确保 “内容完整、细节具体、情感真实”:
1.开篇总起:简要点明身份(如 “I’m a Grade 8 student”)与对学校生活的整体感受(如 “My school life is colorful and interesting”),快速切入主题。
2.核心内容(分点展开):
校园时间安排:上学方式(如 “on foot/by bike”)、上课 / 放学时间(如 “We start class at 8:00 a.m. and finish at 4:30 p.m.”);
学科学习:提及所学学科(如 “Chinese, math, English, PE”)、最喜欢的学科及原因(如 “My favorite subject is PE because I can play basketball with friends”);
课后活动:俱乐部参与(如 “music club/art club”)、课后日常(如 “play games/go to the library”),需搭配具体例子(如 “I practice playing the guitar in the music club every Tuesday”)。
3.结尾升华:表达对学校生活的情感(如 “I really love my school life”)或未来期待(如 “I hope we can have more interesting club activities”)。
三、写作要点
基于新课标对初中写作的要求,需把握以下关键要点,避免内容空洞或逻辑混乱:
1.细节 “要具体”:拒绝笼统表述,如不说 “I like PE”,而说 “I like PE best because we play basketball on the big playground every Thursday afternoon”(含时间、地点、活动)。
2.语法 “要准确”:主动运用本单元核心语法 ——There be 句型(描述校园设施,如 “There is a big library next to the teaching building”)、可数名词复数(如 “subjects/activities/clubs”)、频率副词(如 “usually/often/seldom”,描述活动频率)。
3.逻辑 “要清晰”:用 “First/Then/After school” 等过渡词衔接内容,区分 “上学时间 — 学科学习 — 课后活动” 的顺序,符合 “时间或场景顺序” 的写作逻辑。
4.情感 “要真挚”:结合个人真实感受,如 “After school, I often read books in the library—it makes me feel calm and happy”,让文章更具感染力。
四、写作思路提示
采用 “总 — 分 — 总” 结构,贴合学生认知水平,具体思路如下:
1. 开头(总起:身份 + 整体感受)
结构:“身份介绍 + 对学校生活的整体评价”
示例:“I’m Li Ming, a Grade 8 student at No. 5 Middle School. My school life is not only busy but also full of fun—I always look forward to going to school every day.”
2. 中间(分述:按 “时间 / 场景” 展开,配细节)
结构:“上学方式与时间 → 学科学习(含偏好) → 课后活动”
示例:
“I usually go to school by bike because my home is not far. Our first class starts at 8:00 a.m., and we have 7 classes a day—Chinese, math, English, and so on. My favorite subject is art. In art class, we draw pictures with colored pencils, and last week I made a picture of my school—it got a good grade! After school, I join the sports club. I play table tennis with my classmates there every Friday; it’s a great way to relax.”
3. 结尾(总结:情感 + 愿望)
结构:“对学校生活的热爱 + 小愿望”
示例:“I really love my colorful school life. It teaches me knowledge and helps me make good friends. I hope next term we can have more art classes—I want to learn to paint with watercolors!”
五、写作步骤详解
Step 1:头脑风暴,梳理素材
任务:用思维导图梳理个人校园生活素材:
主观点:My school life is fun.
上学:by bike, start at 8:00 a.m.
学科:favorite is PE, play basketball
课后:music club, practice guitar every Tuesday
目的:将零散想法转化为结构化素材,避免写作时 “无内容可写”。
Step 2:参考范文,搭建框架
任务:确定自己的写作框架:
开头:身份 + 整体感受;
中间:分 3-4 句话介绍 “时间 / 学科 / 活动”,每句带 1 个细节;
结尾:情感 + 愿望。
要求:用简单句列出框架草稿(如 “1. I’m Tom. My school life is colorful. 2. I go to school on foot. 3. Favorite subject: English. 4. After school: library.”)。
Step 3:填充细节,运用语法与词汇
任务:将草稿扩展为完整句子,主动融入本单元核心语法与词汇:
用 There be 句型:“There is a big playground in my school—we have PE class there.”
用频率副词:“I often read storybooks in the library after school.”
用主题词汇:“art club”“table tennis”“teaching building” 等。
示例:将 “Favorite subject: English” 扩展为 “My favorite subject is English. Our English teacher often plays English songs in class, and we sometimes act out short English stories—it’s really interesting!”
Step 4:自查修改,优化表达
任务:对照以下 “自查清单” 修改作文:
有没有包含 “时间、学科、课后活动” 三个核心内容?
有没有用 There be 句型、频率副词?
句子是否通顺?有没有拼写错误(如 “subjet”→“subject”)?
目的:培养自主纠错能力,提升写作准确性。
Step 5:同伴互评,完善终稿
六、词汇指导
结合单元主题与写作需求,分 “核心主题词、语法关联词、过渡词” 三类整理,方便学生记忆与运用:
1. 核心主题词(校园生活相关)
类别
英文
中文
例
学科
biology/geography/history
生物 / 地理 / 历史
have a biology class(上生物课)
交通方式
on foot/by bike/by underground
步行 / 骑自行车 / 乘地铁
go to school by bike
校园设施
teaching building/playground/library
教学楼 / 操场 / 图书馆
read books in the library
课后活动
club/activity/sports meeting
俱乐部 / 活动 / 运动会
join the music club(加入音乐俱乐部)
情感与动作
look forward to/enjoy/relax
期待 / 享受 / 放松
enjoy playing basketball(喜欢打篮球)
2. 关联词
可数名词复数:subjects(学科)、activities(活动)、clubs(俱乐部)、classrooms(教室)、books(书);
There be 句型常用名词:a library(一个图书馆)、two playgrounds(两个操场)、many trees(很多树)、some desks(一些书桌);
频率副词:usually(通常)、often(经常)、sometimes(有时)、seldom(很少)、never(从不)。
3. 过渡词
功能
英文
用法示例
时间顺序
In the morning/After school/Every Friday
In the morning, we have four classes. After school, we go to the club.
并列补充
And/Also/Besides
I like PE, and I also enjoy art class.
因果关系
Because/so
I go to school by bike because my home is near.
七、句型指导
1. 开头句型(身份 + 整体感受)
1.I’m [姓名], a Grade 8 student at [学校名]. My school life is [形容词,如 colorful/fun/busy but interesting].
2.(示例:I’m Han Mei, a Grade 8 student at No. 3 Middle School. My school life is colorful and full of surprises.)
3.I study in [学校名]. Every day, I have a great time at school because my school life is so interesting.
4.(示例:I study in Sunshine Middle School. Every day, I have a great time at school because my school life is so interesting.)
2. 中间句型(时间、学科、活动)
(1)上学方式与时间
1.I usually go to school [交通方式], and our first class starts at [时间].
2.(示例:I usually go to school on foot, and our first class starts at 8:00 a.m.)
3.There is a [校园设施] in my school. We often [活动] there during break time.
4.(示例:There is a small garden in my school. We often chat with friends there during break time.)
(2)学科偏好与原因
1.My favorite subject is [学科名] because [原因,含细节].
2.(示例:My favorite subject is math because our math teacher often uses games to help us learn—it’s not boring at all.)
3.We learn many subjects, such as [学科 1], [学科 2] and [学科 3]. Among them, I like [学科名] best.
4.(示例:We learn many subjects, such as Chinese, English and PE. Among them, I like PE best.)
(3)课后活动
1.After school, I often [活动] with my friends. Sometimes, I join [俱乐部名] and [俱乐部活动].
2.(示例:After school, I often play badminton with my friends. Sometimes, I join the art club and draw pictures.)
3.I [频率副词] go to [地点] after class. It makes me [感受].
4.(示例:I often go to the library after class. It makes me feel calm and happy.)
3. 结尾句型(情感 + 愿望)
1.I really love my school life. It gives me [收获,如 knowledge/friends/fun], and I hope [愿望].
2.(示例:I really love my school life. It gives me lots of fun and good friends, and I hope we can have a school trip next month.)
3.How wonderful my school life is! I’m lucky to study in such a great school.
4.(示例:How wonderful my school life is! I’m lucky to study in such a great school.)
八、范例作文
My Colorful School Life
I’m Li Hua, a Grade 8 student at No. 2 Middle School. My school life is busy but really colorful—I never feel bored at school.
I live near my school, so I usually go to school on foot. Our first class starts at 8:00 a.m., and we have six classes a day. We learn many subjects, like Chinese, math, English, PE and art. My favorite subject is PE. Every Wednesday afternoon, we have PE class on the big playground. Last week, we had a basketball game with Class 3, and our class won—it was so exciting! There is also a nice library in my school. After school, I often go there to read storybooks; the quiet environment helps me relax.
I really love my school life. It teaches me useful knowledge and lets me make great friends. I hope next term we can have more after-school activities, like a painting competition or a music show!
九、实战演练
假定你是李华,你的英国笔友 David 来信说他很想了解中国初中生的校园生活,希望你能和他分享你的校园日常。请你根据以下提示给他回一封邮件:
1. 你每天的上学方式及选择该方式的原因;
2. 你最喜欢的学科及课堂上常做的活动;
3. 你课后经常参与的活动(如俱乐部、运动、阅读等);
4. 你对自己校园生活的整体感受。
要求:
1. 词数 80-100 词左右;
2. 条理清晰,语句通顺,语法正确;
3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息;
4. 邮件的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear David,
I’m glad to get your email. You said you wanted to know about my school life in China, so I’d like to tell you something about it.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Looking forward to hearing about your school life too!
Yours,
Li Hua
【例文】
Dear David,
I’m glad to get your email. You said you wanted to know about my school life in China, so I’d like to tell you something about it.
My home is near school, so I usually go to school on foot. It only takes me 10 minutes, and I can enjoy the fresh air on the way. My favorite subject is English. In English class, our teacher often lets us have small conversations or watch short English cartoons—they make learning fun. After school, I join the music club. I practice playing the guitar there every Tuesday and Thursday. There is also a big library in our school; sometimes I go there to read storybooks when I have free time.
I really love my school life. It’s busy but colorful, and it always brings me happiness!
Looking forward to hearing about your school life too!
Yours,
Li Hua
【写作指导】
1. 内容完整性:贴合命题提示与单元主题,覆盖核心要点
范文完全呼应试题 4 个提示要求,且每个要点均融入具体细节,符合 “提示点无遗漏 + 细节具体化” 的命题规律:
上学方式:明确 “on foot(步行)”,补充 “耗时 10 分钟 + 能享受新鲜空气” 的原因,对应 “Ways of coming to school” 交通方式表达(如的 “on foot”);
学科偏好:聚焦 “English(英语)”,细化 “课堂对话、看英语动画” 的活动,贴合 “Subjects and timetables” 对学科学习场景的描述;
课后活动:提及 “music club(音乐俱乐部练吉他)” 和 “library(图书馆读故事书)”,呼应 “After-school activities” 的俱乐部、图书馆场景;
整体感受:用 “busy but colorful”“brings me happiness” 传递情感,符合 “Our Colorful School Life” 的主题核心。
2. 语言运用:紧扣单元核心语法与词汇,符合八年级水平
范文精准运用单元的核心语法、词汇,体现 “学以致用”:
语法层面:使用 “usually(频率副词,)” 描述日常行为,用 “There be 句型()” 介绍校园设施(“There is also a big library”),语法准确点;
词汇层面:涵盖单元主题词汇,如 “on foot(步行,)”“subject(学科,)”“music club(音乐俱乐部,)”“library(图书馆,)”,词汇使用自然且紧扣话题。
3. 结构逻辑:符合 “总分总” 书信体例,衔接流畅
范文遵循 “书信体裁 + 清晰逻辑” ,结构严谨:
开头:承接邮件给定开头,快速切入 “分享校园生活” 的主题,符合书信 “开门见山” 的交际需求;
中间:用 “so(表原因)”“After school(表时间)”“sometimes(表频率)” 等过渡词衔接 “上学 — 课堂 — 课后” 三个场景,逻辑顺序清晰,符合学生认知;
结尾:先表达对校园生活的热爱,再衔接试题给定结尾,结构完整,情感真挚。
4. 交际性:贴合笔友对话场景,体现跨文化交流
范文呼应 “给英国笔友写信” 的交际背景,内容选择兼顾 “中国校园特色” 与 “易懂性”(如未使用复杂文化术语,用 “short English cartoons” 等通用表达),符合 “通过书信考查跨文化交际能力” 的潜在要求,同时传递对校园生活的积极态度,情感真挚。
1 / 11
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$