Unit 3 Our Colorful School Life-2026-2027学年七年级英语上册语法专项（仁爱科普版）

Unit 3 Our Colorful School Life 语法专项 章 语法概览 ★可数名词 ☆There be.句型 语法精讲精练一 1.可数名词的定义与功能 定义：可数名词(Countable noun)是指能以数目计算的名词，有单数和复数两种形式。 核心考点：可数名词的单数前必须加冠词或限定词(a/an/the/my/this等)；复数形式有规则 变化与不规则变化，是中考填空题和写作的常见失分点。 2.可数名词的基本用法（四大核心考点） 考点 说明 例句 ①单数变复 大多数名词直接加-s;以S,X,sh,ch book→pooks;box→boxes; 数的规则变 结尾加-es;以辅音+y结尾改y为i加 baby-babies knife-knives 化 -es;以f/fe结尾改f/fe为v加-es 常见特殊变形：man→men; ②不规则复 woman--→vomen;child→children; one man→two men;one sheep→five 数 foot→feet;tooth→teeth; sheep mouse-→mice;sheep→sheep;fish→fish ③可数名词 单数可数名词前一般要有a/an(泛指) 与冠词的搭 或the(特指)；复数可数名词前可加 I have a pen.The pens on the desk are mine./Pens are useful. 配 he(特指)或不加冠词（泛指） 可用many,few,afew,a number of, ④可数名词 Many students like sports./Each student several等修饰复数可数名词；可用 的量化表达 has a book. each,every修饰单数可数名词 3.易混考点辨析（中考必考） 易混点 区分方法 例句对比 可数名词能用数目计算，可用a/an修 可数名词vs不 I have an apple(可数)./I have 饰；不可数名词不能用数字直接计数， 可数名词 some water(不可数). 需用量词（如a cup of) one sheep→two sheep;one fish→ 单复数同形的 如sheep,deer,fish(指种类时复数加 two fish（但two fishes表示不同种类 名词 -es,指条数时单复数同形) 的鱼) 如news(新闻)，maths(数学)， 形似复数实则 The news is good./Maths is my favorite 单数的名词 physics(物理)虽是-s结尾，但视为 subject. 单数 Chicken is delicious.(不可数，鸡 双重身份的名 有些名词在一种语境中为可数，另一种 肉)/I have two chickens..(可数， 词 为不可数，需根据句意判断 鸡) 二、专项训练（中考/名校月考难度，8-10题/大题，共3大题） (一)单项选择 1.There are five on the farm A.sheeps B.sheep C.sheepsi D.sheepes 2.I have orange. orange is on the table. A.a;The B.an;The C.an;An D.the;The 3.How many do you want? A.milk B.apple C.apples D.water 4.My sister is only She can't go to school A.five year old B.five years old C.five-years-old D.five-year-old 5.There are students in our class. A.forty B.fortieth C.forties D.fourty 6.-What can I do for you? A.two cups of tea B.two cups of teas C.two cup of tea D.two cup ofteas 7.Look!The are playing in the park A.child B.children C.childs D.childrens 8.There a book and two pens on the desk. A.is B.are C.have D.has 9.Please give me I'm thirsty. A.a glass of water B.a glass ofwaters C.two glass of water D.two glass of waters 10.These come from China. A.man B.men C.mans D.mens (二)语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入所给单词的适当形式（每空一词）。 Hello,everyone!I'm Li Ming.I have two 1. (good)fiiends.They are Tom and Mary.Tom is 2. (a)English boy.He has two big 3 (eye)and a small mouth.He likes eating 4. (apple)and 5. (banana).Mary is an American girl.She has long 6. (hair). She likes playing 7. (piano)very much.We are in the same class.There are forty 8. (student)in our class.Our classroom is big and clean.There 9. (be)a map of China and many 10. (picture)on the wall.We all love our class. (三)完成句子 1.桌子上有三本书。Thee on the desk. 2那只猫是白色的。 cat white 3.他每天吃一个苹果和一个鸡蛋。He an and an every day 4.这些男孩是汤姆的朋友。These are Tom's 5.你能给我一些面包吗？Can you give me 6.我们教室里有二十张桌子和四十把椅子。There twenty and forty in our classroom. 7.那个小女孩有两颗新牙。The little girl two new 8我想要两杯牛奶。I two of 9.她的一只脚受伤了。One ofher hurt. l0.这些农民养了五十只绵羊。These farmers fifty 三、参考答案 (一)单项 1B;2.B;3.C;4.B;5.A;6.A;7.B;8.A;9.A;10.B 选择 （二)语法 1.good 2.an 3.eyes 4.apples 5.bananas;6.hair 7.the piano 8.students; 填空 9.is 10.pictures (三)完成 1.are three books 2.The;is 3.eats;apple;egg 4.boys;friends 5.some bread 句子 6.are;desks;chairs 7.has;teeth 8.want;glasses;milk 9.feet;is 10.have;sheep 语法精讲精练二 1.定义与基本结构 There be.句型表示“某处有某物/某人”，强调存在。 基本结构：There+be+名词+地点/时间状语。 例：There is a book on the desk.(桌子上有一本书。) 1.主谓一致（中考核心考点一就近原则） be动词的单复数由紧跟在be后面的第一个名词决定，即“就近原则”。 名词情况 be动词形式 例句 单数名词或不可数名词 is There is an apple in the box. 复数名词 are There are two apples in the box. 并列主语（第一个是单数） is There is a pen and some books. There are some books and a 并列主语（第一个是复数） are pen. 【考点】学生易错：看到后面有复数名词就写are,忽略第一个名词的单复数。如：There (be)a desk and two chairs.正确答案是iso 1.否定句和一般疑问句 否定句：在be动词后加not(何缩写为isnt/aren't)。 例：There isn't any water in the glass. 一般疑问句：将be动词提到there前。肯定回答：Yes,there is/are.否定回答：No, there isn't/aren't. 例：-Is there a book on the desk?-Yes,there is. 【考点】否定句中，some要改为anyo 1.与have/has的区别（中考易混点） There be:表示“存在”，不强调所属。 There is a car in front of the house.(强调存在) have/has:表示“拥有”，强调所属。 I have a car..(强调我拥有一辆车) 【考点】常见改错题：There is a new bike.()/I have a new bike.()但不能说“There have a new bike." 1.其他时态拓展（初一要求) 一般过去时：There was/were.. 例：There was a tree here last year. 般将来时：There will be.或There is/are going to be. 例：There will be a football match tomorrow. 【考点】will be后接名词单复数均可，但不可写will is/,areo 1.注意事项与易错点（①②③） ①不可数名词作主语时，be用iso 例：There is some milk in the bottle ②there be句型中的名词前常用a/an,some,any,no,many,much,several等修饰。 ③地点状语通常在句末，也可放句首（但结构不变）。 例：On the wall there is a picture ④疑问句中，若主语是复数，be用are;若主语是单数或不可数，be用iso ⑤There be句型中的主语不能是“特指的人或物”（如“the book),应用“a book”。 但“there is the book”是错误的，除非有特殊强调（少见，初一不考)。 二、专项训练 (一)单项选择（共8小题） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1.There a pen and two rulers on the desk. A.is B.are C.be D.am 2. there any milk in the fridge? A.Is;is B.Are;are C.Is;are D.Are;is 3.There some bread on the table.Would you like some? A.is B.are C.be D.am 4.There a sports meeting in our school next week A.is B.will have C.will be D.has 5.- there any students in the classroom? A.Is;/ B.Are;/ C.Is;some D.Are;any 6.My mother a new dress.There also a hat on the bed A.has;is B.have;are C.has;has D.have;is 7.There many trees near the river,but now there only a few. A.were;are B.was;is C.are;were D.was;are 8. there a football match on TV tonight? A.Will;have B.Is;going to be C.Will;be D.B and C (二)用所给单词的适当形式填空（共10小题） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内所给单词的适当形式，使短文通顺、完整。 Good morning,everyone.Welcome to our school.Look!There 1._ (be)a big playground in front of the teaching building.Beside it,there 2. (be)two basketball courts.And there 3. (be)a library on the left.It 4. (have)many interesting books.There 5. (be)also a small garden behind the library.In the garden,there 6. (be)some flowers and a bench Now let's go to the classroom building.There 7. (be)30 classrooms in it,and each classroom 8. (have)a computer.There 9. (be)a computer room on the third floor,too.There 10. (be)a big meeting room next to it.Our school is really beautiful,isn't it? (三)完成句子（共10小题） 1.桌子上有一本英语书和两支铅笔。 an English book and two pencils on the desk. 2.冰箱里没有橙汁了。 There orange juice in the fridge 3.去年我们学校附近有一个公园。 a park near our school last year. 4.明天会有大雨吗？ heavy rain tomorrow? 5.树上没有鸟。 There on the tree. 6.教室里有一些学生吗？ any students in the classroom? 7.你的书包里有什么？ in your schoolbag? 8.房间里有一张床和两张椅子。 There a bed and two chairs in the room. 9这条街上没有银行，但有一家超市。 no bank on this street,but a supermarket. 10从前，这个村庄里有一口井。 Once upon a time, a well in the village 三、参考答案 (一)单项 选择 1.A;2.A;3.A;4.C;5.D;6.A;7.A;8.D (二)用所 给单词的适 1.is 2.are 3.is 4.has 5.is 6.are 7.are 8.has ;9.is 10.is 当形式填空 1.There is 2.is no /isn't any 3.There was 4.Will there be Is there going to (三)完成 be);5.are no birds /aren't any birds 6.Are there 7.What is 8.is 9.There is, 句子 there is 10.there was