Unit 4 Exploring literature（2）-《同步教学培优》2025-2026学年高一英语知识提炼+能力训练 （译林版必修第二册）

Unit 4 Exploring literature下 4.3Integrated skills &extended reading & project- 重点词汇 1. __________ adj. 特别的，格外的； 特指的，挑剔的 2. __________ n. 收藏集；，作品集；募捐 3. __________ n. 部分，部分；部件，散件 4. __________ adj. 吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的 5. __________ vt. 运输，运送 6.__________ n. 慷慨，大方，宽宏大量 7. __________ n. 章；章节 8. __________ n. 舞台；阶段；步骤 vt. 上演；举办 9. __________adv. 极其，非常；极端 10. __________ vt 摧毁，毁灭；破坏 11. __________ vt. 击败，战败 n. 失败，战败，击败 12. __________ vt./ n. 努力；尝试；试图 13. __________vt. 挺直，使变直，变正 14. __________adv. 在… 旁边；和… 一起 15. __________ adj. 贵族的；高贵的，崇高； 宏伟的 16. __________ adj. 糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的；混乱的 重点词组 1. ______________________ 尤其，特别 2. ______________________ 浏览，温习；看穿 3. ______________________ 某人有可能做某事 4. ______________________ 结果(是)…；证明(是… 5. ______________________ 握住不放；坚持；不挂断电话；等一等 6. ______________________ 有权利做某事 7. ______________________ (头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理 8. ______________________ 和某人进行眼神交流 9. ______________________ 面部表情 10. ______________________ 凭借；利用 重点句型 1. whether引导的宾语从句 知识点梳理 1. particular particularly adv. 特别地，独特地；详细地，具体地 原文：Teachers in particular can provide suggestions for interesting reading materials…. 特别是教师可以为有趣的阅读材料提供建议.... (教材P48) ◆adj. 特别的，格外的； 特指的，挑剔的 (1)in particular 尤其，特别 be particular about 对…讲究；挑剔 in every particular  在一切方面；每一项；每一点 pay particular attention to 特别注意 (2) particularly good/important/useful 特别好/重要/有用 not particularly 不见得 ①Is there a particular type of book he enjoys?  他有特别喜爱的哪一类书籍吗？ ②She's very particular about her clothes.  她对衣着特别挑剔。 ③The lecture was not particularly interesting.  讲座并不特别精彩。 [单句语法填空/完成句子] ①The film’s special effects are (particular) impressive. ②Wherever she goes，she is particular what she eats. ③As guests，we should pay attention to our behaviour， . 作为客人，我们应该注意我们的行为，尤其是餐桌礼仪。 2. mean meaningful adj. 有意义的；意味深长的 meaningless adj. 无意义的；无目的的 meanness n.卑鄙；吝啬；劣等 means n. 手段；方法 原文：The book’s main character is Scrooge, a rich and mean old man. 这本书的主要人物是吝啬鬼斯克鲁奇，一个富有和吝啬的老人。 (教材P49) ◆v. 打算；意味着 （mean/meant/ meant）adj. 吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的 (1) mean to do sth 打算做某事 mean doing sth 意味着做某事 be meant to do sth 打算做某事 be meant for 注定要属于；注定成为；打算作……用 (2) be mean to sb 对某人刻薄 (3) by means of  用，依靠 by no means  决不 means of transport  运输工具 ①We didn't mean to hurt him. It was just a bit of fun.  我们并非有意要伤害他，只不过是开个玩笑罢了。 ② Your brother is mean to me, but I can't hold it against you.  你哥哥真刻薄，但是我也不能把怒气发在你身上。 ③By means of modern technology we are able to communicate with each other instantly.  通过现代技术，我们可以即时通信。 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①Balance does not mean ____________________.  平衡并不意味着努力追求每件事情。 ② _____________________ was simply an alienated moral life.  有意义的人生就是在道德上不让步的人生。 ③______________________ should you tell him about it.  你绝不要告诉他这事。 3. stage 原文：A story written for performance on the stage 为舞台表演而写的故事 (教材P50) ◆n. 舞台；阶段；步骤 vt. 上演；举办 (1) early stage 早期 growth stage 成长期成长阶段 stage by stage adv. 逐步地，一步一步地；分阶段地 in the stage 在...时期；在...阶段 at this stage adv. 眼下 on the stage 在舞台上 (2) stage a ceremony/an event/an exhibition 举行仪式/活动/展览 stage a strike/ march/protest 组织罢工/游行/抗议活动 【跟踪典例】 ①The children are ____________________ of development. 这些孩子处于不同的成长阶段。 ②The police are building up a picture of the incident ______________________. 警方正逐步摸清那次事件的经过。 ③The local theatre group ________________ a production of ‘Hamlet’. 当地剧团在上演《哈姆雷特》。 4. extremely extreme  adj. 极端的；极度的；偏激的；尽头的 extremist n. 极端主义者，过激分子 原文：He is extremely good at describing the adventures of tough man…他非常善于描述硬汉的冒险经历… (教材P53) ◆adv. 极其，非常；极端 (1) extremely important/useful/complicated 极为重要/有用/复杂 extremely hard 难于登天 (2) in the extreme 非常；极度 extreme poverty 极端贫穷 extreme sports  极限运动 extreme circumstances极端情况 extreme left-wing/right-wing views 极左/极右观点 【跟踪典例】 ①He was a stern critic but ______________________ man.  他是一位严厉的批评家，却是一个非常仁慈的人。 ②Children will be removed from their parents only _____________________.  只有在极端情况下才会让孩子离开父母。 ③I am _____________________ to all the teachers for their help. 我非常感谢所有老师的帮助。 5. attempt 原文：After coming in empty- handed for eighty-four days, Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish. 圣地亚哥空手而归八十四天之后，试图捕捉一条大鱼。(教材P53) ◆vt./ n. 努力；尝试；试图 (1)attempt to do sth= try to do sth= seek to do sth 努力做某事；试图做某事 (2)at the first attempt 第一次尝试 make an attempt to do sth/ at doing sth 试图做某事 in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事 ①I will attempt to answer all your questions.  我将努力回答你的全部问题。 ②Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs.  为削减费用，关闭了两家工厂。 ③They made no attempt to escape.  他们没有企图逃跑。 [单句语法填空/一句多译] ①I attempted (compete) for the position of chairman of the Students’ Union. ②She has been charged with the (attempt) robbery. ③我试图说服他戒烟，但失败了。 →I to stop smoking but failed.(attempt v．) →I to stop smoking but failed.(attempt n．) 6. clear up 原文：“clear up, head,”he said in a voice he could hardly hear. “clear up.” “清醒吧，头脑，”他用那种几乎听不见的声音说。“清醒”。(教材P54) ◆(头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理; 放晴；治愈; 痊愈 【跟踪典例】写出下列句子中clear up的中文含义 ①After breakfast they played while I cleared up.  ②The rain held up and there's no sign to clear up.  ③Antibiotics should be used to clear up the infection.  【拓展延伸】 make clear 显示；解释清楚 in the clear 不受阻碍 clear about 明白 keep clear of 避开；不接触 make it clear that 弄清楚 clear out 走开；把…清出 clear day 晴天 [一词多译] ①I hope it clears up this afternoon.And I can go for a picnic with my friends. ②I am sorry that the place is so messy；I haven’t had time to clear up. ③I think it’s very important to clear up a common misunderstanding. 句型 1.whether引导的宾语从句 原文：A book review can often tell you whether a book is worth reading or not. 书评常常能告诉你一本书是否值得一读。(教材P48) 【句式分析】 本句中“whether a book is worth reading or not” 是宾语从句，whether意为“是否”，表明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚，常用在ask, wonder, doubt等词后或与“or not”连用，引导宾语从句时通常情况下可与“if”互换。 ①I asked whether(if) they could change my ticket. 我问他们是否可以给我换票。 ②It remains to be seen whether or not this idea can be put into practice. 这一想法能否付诸实践还有待于观察。 引导宾语从句只有whether 不同if 的情况: ①介词后面 He is worried about whether she is all right.  他担心她是不是痊愈了。 ②在不定式前用whether。 He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man． 他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。 ③与“or not”连用时 He doesn't know whether to stay or not.  他不知道该不该留下来。 【跟踪典例】翻译句子 ①It remains to be seen ___________________________  这一想法能否付诸实践还有待于观察。 ②It was difficult to gauge ____________________________.  很难判断她是否在生气 ③It's doubtful _______________ there'll be any seats left. 看来未必还有座位。 练习 1. I was b  by a dog once and I've been afraid of them ever since..  2. I have been picked out to r  the whole team to receive the award.  3. Someone has t  a page out of this book. 4. A bicycle is often more c  than a car in towns. 5. We cannot always o  the outdated traditions handed down to us from the past. 6. We need to p  an open exchange of ideas and information. 7. The audience cheered and c due to the funny performance. 8. It was just an o  house—nothing special.  9. This is high quality  (东西) and you should pay more attention to it. 10. Students should read the list with their parents, and  (挑选) two activities they would like to do. 11. I undid the  (包裹) and took out the books. 12. The  (习俗) of lighting the Olympic flame goes back centuries. 13. They rushed the  (入口) and forced their way in. 14. The two brothers wanted to catch two ducks, and  (烘烤) them. 15. A few minutes later the bomb went off, destroying the  (车辆). 写作专题--强化表达 1．抽象地点名词作状语的定语从句 (1)当先行词为抽象地点名词point, case, system, stage, occasion, position, situation, condition, activity, race, job, scene, competition, atmosphere等且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where或in which来引导定语从句。 (2)在抽象地点名词后的定语从句中，如果关系词作主语或宾语则需要用that或which引导。 |先|学|通|(通过题点训练把握用法规则) (单句语法填空/句式升级) ①I can think of many cases students knew quite a few English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay. ②All the neighbours admire this family the parents are treating their child like a friend. ③The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work. ④He is in a dangerous situation he doesn't know how to deal with. ⑤Students should involve themselves in community activities.They can gain experience for growth in community activities. →Students should involve themselves in community activities . (定语从句) |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如) ⑥在我的生活中，我已经到了一个应该自己做决定的地步。 I have reached a point in my life . ⑦今天，我们将讨论一些家长与孩子沟通困难的案例。 Today, we'll discuss some cases . 2．be doing ...when ... (1)be doing ...when ... 正在做……，这时…… be about to do ...when ...＝be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……，这时…… had (just) done ...when ... 刚做完……，这时…… (2)这些句式中when是并列连词，相当于and at that/this time。 |先|学|通|(通过句子变换把握句式特点) ①She was walking along the bank of the river, and at that time she heard a cry for help. →She she heard a cry for help. ②Having just finished my homework, I was ordered to do some housework. →I I was ordered to do some housework. |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如) ③我正在脑海中组织语言，这时我旁边的女孩用胳膊肘推了我一下。 I the girl next to me gave me a nudge. ④我正要进餐馆这时突然想到我还没有锁上汽车。 it occurred to me that I had not locked the car. ⑤(2023·浙江1月高考写作)我正要离开，这时蜂鸟出现了。 the hummingbird appeared. 3．with复合结构 (1)“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构常在句中作状语，有时也可作定语。用法如下： (2)在with复合结构中，非谓语动词作宾语补足语时，不定式表示将来的动作；现在分词说明这一动作和前面的宾语之间是主动关系，且指这一动作正在进行；过去分词说明这一动作与前面的宾语之间是被动关系，且指这一动作已完成。 |先|学|通|(通过句子变换把握句式特点) ①Because a guide will show us around the scenic spots, we're sure to have a good time. → ,_we're sure to have a good time. ②There are several problems remaining to be solved, so we still need to hold another meeting as soon as possible. → ,_we still need to hold another meeting as soon as possible. ③He concentrated his mind on his work and didn't notice what was happening outside. → ,_he didn't notice what was happening outside. |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如) ④公园里充满了春天的清新和美丽，阳光明媚，鸟儿歌唱。 The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, . ⑤在这么令人害怕的情况下没有一个可以求助的人，她感到很无助。 in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless. ⑥随着时间的推移，他满足于过一种简单的生活。 ,_he contented himself with a simple life. 课文赏析 1．赏修辞之美 Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments.We must know all these, if the book is to speak its whole message. 写法领悟：本段运用了排比的修辞手法，and连接的三个并列句层层递进，使得语意加深、语势增强；同时三个并列句都使用了表语前置的倒装结构，重点突出，主题鲜明。第二句中运用了拟人的修辞手法，形象地表达了书籍对信息的传达。 2．赏结构之美 Good literature reflects the most basic of human nature — love and hate, joy and sadness, fear and hope.It also takes on a personal style — no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences. 写法领悟：本段使用了两处破折号，都起到了解释说明的作用；此外，破折号还常表示语意的突然转折和声音延长等。 第二处破折号后使用了双重否定结构表示肯定意义，强调每一个作家描写人类的生活时都会反映出他自己的生活和经历。双重否定结构在表达上比单纯的肯定句语气更强烈，更能突出作者的观点。 3．赏结构与修辞之美 Pull, hands, he thought.Hold up, legs.Last for me, head.Last for me.You never went.This time I'll pull him over. 写法领悟：海明威擅长以最简单的词汇表达最复杂的情感。此处(《老人与海》的节选)使用了简短朴实的语言和重复的写作手法对老人的心理活动进行了形象生动的描写，反映出老人的自信、勇敢和强悍，让人物的内心世界得到充分体现，从而增强了文章的感染力。 [针对练笔](根据提示翻译句子) ①I am very happy because my parents give me life, my teachers give me knowledge, my friends give me friendship, and society gives me warmth.(排比修辞) 我很幸福，因为父母给予我生命，老师给予我知识，朋友给予我友情，社会给予我温暖。 ②随信一起寄来的是他在长城上拍的几张照片。 Along_with_the_letter_were_his_pictures_taken_on_the_Great_Wall.(倒装结构) 本单元主题是“文学阅读”，属于“人与社会”的主题语境。应用文在设题时通常以推荐信的形式向对方推荐某一图书，或以文学评论的形式探究优秀文学作品的特征，引导学生认识到阅读文学作品的意义；或以建议信或倡议书的形式鼓励学生多读书，提高学生对阅读重要性的认识。　　 构建语义场 (一)经典文学作品 1．its description of truth and beauty 它对真与美的描写 2．take on a personal style 带有个人风格 3．describe human life 描写人类的生活 4．reflect his own life and experiences 反映其个人生活和经历 5．be worth reading 值得一读 6．stand the test of time 经得起时间的考验 7．be well received 受到好评 8．The book is of great help for us to learn about the history of Tang Dynasty. 这本书对我们了解唐朝历史很有帮助。 9．The novel I'd like to recommend to you is The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, one of the most influential novels in China. 我想向你推荐的小说是《三国演义》，它是中国最有影响力的小说之一。 10．In summary, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man's thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul. 总之，文学是以真和美的形式对生命的表达，是人类思想和感情的写照，是人类灵魂的历史。 (二)阅读的重要性 1．be of great importance for sb. 对某人来说很重要 2．enlarge our knowledge 扩大我们的知识面 3．arouse our curiosity 激发我们的好奇心 4．broaden our horizons 开阔我们的视野 5．enjoy the beauty of the language 　　欣赏语言之美 6．As we all know, books are the ladder of human progress.众所周知，书籍是人类进步的阶梯。 7．As the saying goes，“Reading a good book is to talk with many noble people.” 俗话说：“读一本好书，就是与许多高尚的人交谈。” 8．Reading is a way to gain knowledge and know about the world. 阅读是获得知识和了解世界的一种方式。 9．Reading can cultivate our taste and improve our personal charm. 阅读可以培养我们的品位，提高我们的个人魅力。 10．Through reading we can also learn some skills and help us get a good job. 通过阅读，我们还可以学到一些技能，帮助我们找到一份好工作。 写作任务——基础写作的建模训练 [题目] 在“世界读书日(World Book Day)”到来之际，你想以此为话题给校英语广播站写一篇广播稿，内容包括： 1．读书的益处； 2．如何选书； 3．号召大家读书。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [构思与要点表达] 第一部分 读书的益处 [从教材中学] 1．Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic. 2．The second quality of literature is its appeal to our feelings and imagination. [到写作中用]读一本好书能够能打动我们的情感，启发我们的想象力，帮助我们发现一个全新的世界。 . 第二部分 如何选书 [从教材中学] 1．“What shall I read？” You might have asked yourself this question more than once. 2．You do not have to read a book just because everyone recommends it.Instead, look for books on topics that interest you. 3．Over time, you may find yourself better able to seek out books to your taste and enjoy reading all the more. [到写作中用] 你可能会问：“我该读什么书呢？”我的看法是，你不必因为大家都推荐某一本书就去读。相反，找一些话题让你感兴趣的书。只有按照自己的喜好读书，你才能更加喜欢阅读。 . . . 第三部分 发出号召 [头脑风暴] 号召大家读书的佳句有哪些？ 1．总之，读书对我们有很大的好处。让我们行动起来，多读书，共创美好未来。 . 2．阅读真的很有意义，也很有趣。为什么不现在就拿起一本书来体验一下呢？祝你拥有一次愉快的书海之旅。 . [衔接与逻辑成篇] 运用补加、过渡与衔接，将上述语句连接成篇 Dear boys and girls， Here comes World Book Day! Now I'm here to share with you the importance of reading.Reading a good book can appeal to our feelings and imagination, helping us discover a new world.As the saying goes，“Reading a good book is to talk with many noble people.” “What shall I read？” You might ask.In my opinion, you do not have to read a book just because everyone recommends it.Instead, look for books on topics that interest you.Only by reading books to your taste can you enjoy reading all the more. All in all, reading can benefit us a great deal.Let's take action to do more reading, creating a brighter future together. [课时作业评价]主题表达升格训练 Ⅰ.根据要求完成下列句子 1．(完成句子)I and protect the oceans together. 我呼吁大家加入我们一起来保护海洋。 2．(完成句子)You shouldn't put the blame on others.You should . 你不应该把责任推给别人。你应该反省一下自己的行为。 3．(完成句子)As a ,_I would like to introduce my favorite city — Beijing.(particular) 作为一个特别喜欢旅游的中国人，我想介绍我最喜欢的城市——北京。 4．He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around. ① ，he was praised by the people around.(用现在分词短语作状语升级) ② ,_he was praised by the people around.(用过去分词短语作状语升级) 5．I'm determined to perform well in the final exam, so I'm occupied in preparing for it. → ,_I'm occupied in preparing for it.(用分词短语作状语升级) 6．(同义句转换)Your help was very significant to me; without it, I wouldn't have been successful. →Your help ；without it, I wouldn't have been successful. 巩固练习 I. 单词拼写 1. The painting comes from his private  (收藏集). 2. The future of public  (交通运输) is not in question. 3. These charities depend on the compassionate feelings and  (慷慨) of the general public 4. People tend to work hard at this  (时期) of life. 5. We should try to understand things in nature and not  (破坏) them.  6. You must learn to accept  (失败) with good grace. 7. We'll always justify our actions with  (崇高的) sounding theories.  8. He crossed the street and walked  (沿着) Central Park.  Ⅱ. 单句语法 1.He loves science fiction ___________ particular. 2. He was a warm, ___________ (generosity) and kind-hearted man. 3. Will you at least make an attempt ___________ (smile)? 4. Writing ___________ (poet) liberated her from the routine of everyday life. 5. The road continues as ___________ (straighten) as an arrow. 6. Even though the book was helpful, however, I still feel ___________ (confuse). 7. I think the trouble will clear ___________ in a couple of days.  8. The answer had come to him ___________ a flash.  阅读理解 C My family and I belonged to a country club located across the street from the Long Island Sound. Each summer, the big attraction for us was the pool. I learned how to swim and joined the swimming team but was never really a good swimmer. However, swimming in my younger days was a way to keep cool, and swimming on a team gave me identity and a sense of belonging . It also became invaluable many years later. In 1973, I was married, pregnant and had a home. What made our little home even more wonderful was when I discovered that four blocks away was Rath Park Pool! For the next 30 years, most of our summer days were spent around that pool. Each of my five kids took swimming lessons and learned all the different swimming strokes (姿势). They later joined the swimming team and competed in sports meets. My daughter even became a lifeguard at the town pool. I sat back and happily took it all in! As much as I would have liked to have life stand still, it doesn’t. My children outgrew their pool days and moved on. But the pool was still four blocks from my home, so I began to take up swimming again. And it was far better than I ever could have imagined. I got so much out of it that I joined the local pool so I could swim year-round. Whenever I swam, I would always come out feeling physically and mentally refreshed. I often felt that if I looked hard enough, I would be able to see all of the worries and problems I’ve had in life, sitting at the bottom of the pool! What has swimming taught me? I’ve learned that balance is the key to being a good swimmer. If you are balanced in the water, you have no resistance. Working on staying balanced made me realize the similarities between life in and out of the swim lane (泳道). If you work on keeping yourself balanced, you will be able to swim right through the stress and problems life throws at you! 28. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 1? A. Her family taught her how to swim. B. She swam with friends more often in summer. C. Swimming brought her lifelong benefits. D. She was elected to be the swim team captain. 29. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 imply? A. The author loved the pool days with her kids. B. Swimming was losing its appeal to the author. C. She was proud of her kids for winning competitions. D. The author preferred to have a peaceful life. 30. What did the author find after she took up swimming again? A. Sports can give you the courage to face difficulties. B. She mastered more swimming skills than expected. C. It enabled her to see how to handle problems in life. D. Swimming made her remember her younger days. 31. What is the best title of the article? A. Wonderful pool days with her family B. Life in the swim lane C. Balance between life and family D. Similarities between swimming and life D The Internet has completely changed the workplace over the past three decades. Artificial Intelligence is now all set to do the same, and businesses that don't take advantage of the technology risk being left behind. Global tech giants (巨头) like Amazon have been leading the change, and businesses of all sizes are now using the technology for employing and managing their staff. Among them is L'Oreal. With about a million applicants for roughly 15,000 new positions each year, the company is using AI to hire. “We really wanted to save time and focus more on quality, diversity and candidate experience. And AI solutions were the best way to go faster on these challenges, said Eva Azoulay, global vice-president of L'Oreal's Human Resources Department. The company uses Mya, a chatbot, to save employers' time during the first stage of the process. It handles routine questions from candidates, and checks details such as availability and visa requirements. Should candidates make it to the next round, they’ll run into Seedlink, an AI software that scores applicants based on their answers to open-ended interview questions. These scores don't replace human judgment, said Azoulay, but they do pick out candidates who might not seem like obvious choices. Early results have been promising. For one internship program, where 12,000 people apply for about 80 spots, employers claim they saved 200 hours of time while hiring the most diverse group to date. Other businesses have gone beyond employment and are using AI to help manage employees. Some UK firms have started using Isaak, a system designed by the London-based company StatusToday, to track how many hours staff spend online and the number of emails they receive. London real estate agent JBrown has been using this system since March. CEO James Brown said it helps the firm understand employees' habits and prevent them from overworking. “It enables us to solve bottleneck problems and relieve overburdened employees,” he said. Despite these examples of good practice, there is still a long way for AI to reach its full potential (潜力), and the technology comes with risks. Another AI danger could be its impact on jobs through automation (自动化). McKinsey predicts AI could add $13 trillion to the global economy by 2030, with early adopters doubling their cash flow over that period. But the demand for repetitive (重复的) or digitally-unskilled jobs could drop by around 10%, the consulting firm said in a 2018 report. 32. What can we learn about AI technology from Paragraph 1? A It causes a great problem in workplace. B. It will replace the Internet in the future. C. It requires businesses to invest much money. D. It will become a necessary part of business. 33. L'Oreal uses AI in its hiring process to________. A. pick out the most suitable candidates directly B. come up with more questions unlimitedly C. improve the company's hiring efficiency D. save money by replacing human judgment 34. Firms with the system Isaak can_______. A. prevent their employees from surfing the Internet B. force their employees to form good working habits C. monitor the contents of all their employees' emails D. help their employees avoid being overstressed at work 35. The passage is mainly developed by _______. A. setting examples B. making comparisons C. examining differences D. following the time order 完形填空 If we redouble our efforts,our dreams will come true.Chen Zuobin had ___41___ for 13 years already.Finally,he decided to become a ___42___ again.Born in a mountain village in Anhui Province,Chen Zuobin walked out of the mountains for study when he was 19.Though he had a ___43___ life as a creative director of an international agency in Shanghai,he couldn’t ___44___ the anxiety reflected in his dreams. “I dreamed about ___45___ branch roads several times a year.I didn’t know which one leads to ___46___.It made me feel terrible.” One day,Chen Zuobin said to his wife,“I want to go home.” ___47___ being surprised,his wife said,“Follow your heart.Don’t worry about me.” The young couple returned to their hometown and ___48___ the Real Food Farm just to lead a real and simple life.Chen Zuobin shook off the ___59___ and tiredness from too much workload in the city.Only in the mountains can they enjoy the ___30___ air.There isn’t the smell of tail gas,but the smell of ___51___ when it shines over the woods.They live a life of “eating healthily and ___52___ well”. In a time ___53___ eating properly becomes a luxury in the urban life,it’s truly a right way to return to the simplicity.“Life is a journey of ___54___ the proper way.” said Chen Zuobin. Those dreams about branch roads have ___55___ because he has found his own path. 41. A. dreamed B. lived C. struggled D. hesitated 42. A. villager B. worker C. manager D. farmer 43. A. hard B. successful C. simple D. cozy 44. A. remove B. remember C. expose D. imagine 45. A. muddy B. vague C. countless D. straight 46. A. Rome B. home C. future D. destination 47. A. In terms of B. In spite of C. In place of D. Instead of 48. A. left B. sold C. built D. ruined 49. A. anxiety B. loneliness C. sadness D. joy 50. A. warm B. thin C. smelly D. fresh 51. A. water B. dust C. sunlight D. smog 52. A. playing B. sleeping C. dressing D. studying 53. A. when B. that C. which D. where 54. A. changing B. directing C. leading D. finding 55. A. faded away B. passed away C. put away D. run away 单元话题作文 假如你是李华4月23日是世界读书日，请给你的外国笔友David发电子邮件推荐一本书，要点如下： 1.表明写信的目的；     2.推荐该书的理由；        3.希望知道他对该书的看法。 注意：1可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；        2.词数80左右。 参考词汇：世界读书日 World Book and Copyright Day Dear David, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Dear David, How’s it going? I’m writing to recommend a book that I really couldn’t get enough of, because World Book and Copyright Day is on the way. The book is The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe written by C. S. Lewis. The reasons why I recommend the book are as follows: First, it’s an exciting tale set in a magical land. Second, when I’m reading it, I feel as if I were really there. What’s more, I am addicted to the adventures of the four children and the characters they meet. I hope you can read it and share your opinions about it with me. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Exploring literature下 4.3Integrated skills &extended reading & project- 重点词汇 1. __________ adj. 特别的，格外的； 特指的，挑剔的 2. __________ n. 收藏集；，作品集；募捐 3. __________ n. 部分，部分；部件，散件 4. __________ adj. 吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的 5. __________ vt. 运输，运送 6.__________ n. 慷慨，大方，宽宏大量 7. __________ n. 章；章节 8. __________ n. 舞台；阶段；步骤 vt. 上演；举办 9. __________adv. 极其，非常；极端 10. __________ vt 摧毁，毁灭；破坏 11. __________ vt. 击败，战败 n. 失败，战败，击败 12. __________ vt./ n. 努力；尝试；试图 13. __________vt. 挺直，使变直，变正 14. __________adv. 在… 旁边；和… 一起 15. __________ adj. 贵族的；高贵的，崇高； 宏伟的 16. __________ adj. 糊涂的，迷惑的；不清楚的；混乱的 重点词组 1. ______________________ 尤其，特别 2. ______________________ 浏览，温习；看穿 3. ______________________ 某人有可能做某事 4. ______________________ 结果(是)…；证明(是… 5. ______________________ 握住不放；坚持；不挂断电话；等一等 6. ______________________ 有权利做某事 7. ______________________ (头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理 8. ______________________ 和某人进行眼神交流 9. ______________________ 面部表情 10. ______________________ 凭借；利用 重点句型 1. whether引导的宾语从句 【重点词汇】 1. particular 2.collection 3.section 4.mean 5.transport 6. generosity 7.chapter 8.stage 9. extremely 10.destroy 11.defeat 12.attempt 13. straighten 14. alongside 15. noble 16. confused 【重点词组】 1. in particular 2.look through 3.sb be likely to do sth 4. turn out 5. hold on 6. have a right to do sth 7. clear up 8. make eye contact with sb 9. facial expression 知识点梳理 1. particular particularly adv. 特别地，独特地；详细地，具体地 原文：Teachers in particular can provide suggestions for interesting reading materials…. 特别是教师可以为有趣的阅读材料提供建议.... (教材P48) ◆adj. 特别的，格外的； 特指的，挑剔的 (1)in particular 尤其，特别 be particular about 对…讲究；挑剔 in every particular  在一切方面；每一项；每一点 pay particular attention to 特别注意 (2) particularly good/important/useful 特别好/重要/有用 not particularly 不见得 ①Is there a particular type of book he enjoys?  他有特别喜爱的哪一类书籍吗？ ②She's very particular about her clothes.  她对衣着特别挑剔。 ③The lecture was not particularly interesting.  讲座并不特别精彩。 [单句语法填空/完成句子] ①The film’s special effects are (particular) impressive. ②Wherever she goes，she is particular what she eats. ③As guests，we should pay attention to our behaviour， . 作为客人，我们应该注意我们的行为，尤其是餐桌礼仪。 【答案】1.particularly2.about 3.table manners in particular 2. mean meaningful adj. 有意义的；意味深长的 meaningless adj. 无意义的；无目的的 meanness n.卑鄙；吝啬；劣等 means n. 手段；方法 原文：The book’s main character is Scrooge, a rich and mean old man. 这本书的主要人物是吝啬鬼斯克鲁奇，一个富有和吝啬的老人。 (教材P49) ◆v. 打算；意味着 （mean/meant/ meant）adj. 吝啬的，小气的；不善良的，刻薄的 (1) mean to do sth 打算做某事 mean doing sth 意味着做某事 be meant to do sth 打算做某事 be meant for 注定要属于；注定成为；打算作……用 (2) be mean to sb 对某人刻薄 (3) by means of  用，依靠 by no means  决不 means of transport  运输工具 ①We didn't mean to hurt him. It was just a bit of fun.  我们并非有意要伤害他，只不过是开个玩笑罢了。 ② Your brother is mean to me, but I can't hold it against you.  你哥哥真刻薄，但是我也不能把怒气发在你身上。 ③By means of modern technology we are able to communicate with each other instantly.  通过现代技术，我们可以即时通信。 【跟踪典例】完成句子 ①Balance does not mean ____________________.  平衡并不意味着努力追求每件事情。 ② _____________________ was simply an alienated moral life.  有意义的人生就是在道德上不让步的人生。 ③______________________ should you tell him about it.  你绝不要告诉他这事。 【答案】 ①doing everything ②A meaningful life ③By no means 3. stage 原文：A story written for performance on the stage 为舞台表演而写的故事 (教材P50) ◆n. 舞台；阶段；步骤 vt. 上演；举办 (1) early stage 早期 growth stage 成长期成长阶段 stage by stage adv. 逐步地，一步一步地；分阶段地 in the stage 在...时期；在...阶段 at this stage adv. 眼下 on the stage 在舞台上 (2) stage a ceremony/an event/an exhibition 举行仪式/活动/展览 stage a strike/ march/protest 组织罢工/游行/抗议活动 【跟踪典例】 ①The children are ____________________ of development. 这些孩子处于不同的成长阶段。 ②The police are building up a picture of the incident ______________________. 警方正逐步摸清那次事件的经过。 ③The local theatre group ________________ a production of ‘Hamlet’. 当地剧团在上演《哈姆雷特》。 【答案】1. at different stages 2. stage by stage 3. is staging 4. extremely extreme  adj. 极端的；极度的；偏激的；尽头的 extremist n. 极端主义者，过激分子 原文：He is extremely good at describing the adventures of tough man…他非常善于描述硬汉的冒险经历… (教材P53) ◆adv. 极其，非常；极端 (1) extremely important/useful/complicated 极为重要/有用/复杂 extremely hard 难于登天 (2) in the extreme 非常；极度 extreme poverty 极端贫穷 extreme sports  极限运动 extreme circumstances极端情况 extreme left-wing/right-wing views 极左/极右观点 【跟踪典例】 ①He was a stern critic but ______________________ man.  他是一位严厉的批评家，却是一个非常仁慈的人。 ②Children will be removed from their parents only _____________________.  只有在极端情况下才会让孩子离开父母。 ③I am _____________________ to all the teachers for their help. 我非常感谢所有老师的帮助。 【答案】1. an extremely kindly 2. in extreme circumstances r 3. extremely grateful 5. attempt 原文：After coming in empty- handed for eighty-four days, Santiago attempts to catch a huge fish. 圣地亚哥空手而归八十四天之后，试图捕捉一条大鱼。(教材P53) ◆vt./ n. 努力；尝试；试图 (1)attempt to do sth= try to do sth= seek to do sth 努力做某事；试图做某事 (2)at the first attempt 第一次尝试 make an attempt to do sth/ at doing sth 试图做某事 in an attempt to do sth 试图做某事 ①I will attempt to answer all your questions.  我将努力回答你的全部问题。 ②Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs.  为削减费用，关闭了两家工厂。 ③They made no attempt to escape.  他们没有企图逃跑。 [单句语法填空/一句多译] ①I attempted (compete) for the position of chairman of the Students’ Union. ②She has been charged with the (attempt) robbery. ③我试图说服他戒烟，但失败了。 →I to stop smoking but failed.(attempt v．) →I to stop smoking but failed.(attempt n．) 【答案】1.to compete2.attempted3.attempted to persuade him，made an attempt to persuade him 6. clear up 原文：“clear up, head,”he said in a voice he could hardly hear. “clear up.” “清醒吧，头脑，”他用那种几乎听不见的声音说。“清醒”。(教材P54) ◆(头脑)清醒；使整洁，清理; 放晴；治愈; 痊愈 【跟踪典例】写出下列句子中clear up的中文含义 ①After breakfast they played while I cleared up.  ②The rain held up and there's no sign to clear up.  ③Antibiotics should be used to clear up the infection.  【答案】①打扫  ②天气放晴  ③治愈; 痊愈 【拓展延伸】 make clear 显示；解释清楚 in the clear 不受阻碍 clear about 明白 keep clear of 避开；不接触 make it clear that 弄清楚 clear out 走开；把…清出 clear day 晴天 [一词多译] ①I hope it clears up this afternoon.And I can go for a picnic with my friends. ②I am sorry that the place is so messy；I haven’t had time to clear up. ③I think it’s very important to clear up a common misunderstanding. 【答案】1.天气转晴，放晴2.使整洁，清理3.解释 句型 1.whether引导的宾语从句 原文：A book review can often tell you whether a book is worth reading or not. 书评常常能告诉你一本书是否值得一读。(教材P48) 【句式分析】 本句中“whether a book is worth reading or not” 是宾语从句，whether意为“是否”，表明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚，常用在ask, wonder, doubt等词后或与“or not”连用，引导宾语从句时通常情况下可与“if”互换。 ①I asked whether(if) they could change my ticket. 我问他们是否可以给我换票。 ②It remains to be seen whether or not this idea can be put into practice. 这一想法能否付诸实践还有待于观察。 引导宾语从句只有whether 不同if 的情况: ①介词后面 He is worried about whether she is all right.  他担心她是不是痊愈了。 ②在不定式前用whether。 He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man． 他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。 ③与“or not”连用时 He doesn't know whether to stay or not.  他不知道该不该留下来。 【跟踪典例】翻译句子 ①It remains to be seen ___________________________  这一想法能否付诸实践还有待于观察。 ②It was difficult to gauge ____________________________.  很难判断她是否在生气 ③It's doubtful _______________ there'll be any seats left. 看来未必还有座位。 【答案】 ①whether or not this idea can be put into practice ②whether she was angry or not ③whether/ if 练习 1. I was bitten by a dog once and I've been afraid of them ever since..  2. I have been picked out to represent the whole team to receive the award.  3. Someone has torn a page out of this book. 4. A bicycle is often more convenient than a car in towns. 5. We cannot always observe the outdated traditions handed down to us from the past. 6. We need to promote an open exchange of ideas and information. 7. The audience cheered and clapped due to the funny performance. 8. It was just an ordinary house—nothing special.  9. This is high quality stuff(东西) and you should pay more attention to it. 10. Students should read the list with their parents, and select(挑选) two activities they would like to do. 11. I undid the package(包裹) and took out the books. 12. The custom(习俗) of lighting the Olympic flame goes back centuries. 13. They rushed the entrance(入口) and forced their way in. 14. The two brothers wanted to catch two ducks, and roast(烘烤) them. 15. A few minutes later the bomb went off, destroying the vehicle(车辆). 写作专题--强化表达 1．抽象地点名词作状语的定语从句 (1)当先行词为抽象地点名词point, case, system, stage, occasion, position, situation, condition, activity, race, job, scene, competition, atmosphere等且关系词在从句中作状语时，常用where或in which来引导定语从句。 (2)在抽象地点名词后的定语从句中，如果关系词作主语或宾语则需要用that或which引导。 |先|学|通|(通过题点训练把握用法规则) (单句语法填空/句式升级) ①I can think of many cases where students knew quite a few English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay. ②All the neighbours admire this family where the parents are treating their child like a friend. ③The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work. ④He is in a dangerous situation that/which/不填 he doesn't know how to deal with. ⑤Students should involve themselves in community activities.They can gain experience for growth in community activities. →Students should involve themselves in community activities where_they_can_gain_experience_for_growth. (定语从句) |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如)　 ⑥在我的生活中，我已经到了一个应该自己做决定的地步。 I have reached a point in my life where_I_am_supposed_to_make_decisions_of_my_own. ⑦今天，我们将讨论一些家长与孩子沟通困难的案例。 Today, we'll discuss some cases where_parents_have_much_difficulty_in_communicating_with_their_children. 2．be doing ...when ... (1)be doing ...when ... 正在做……，这时…… be about to do ...when ...＝be on the point of doing ...when ... 正要做……，这时…… had (just) done ...when ... 刚做完……，这时…… (2)这些句式中when是并列连词，相当于and at that/this time。 |先|学|通|(通过句子变换把握句式特点) ①She was walking along the bank of the river, and at that time she heard a cry for help. →She was_walking_along_the_bank_of_the_river_when she heard a cry for help. ②Having just finished my homework, I was ordered to do some housework. →I had_just_finished_my_homework_when I was ordered to do some housework. |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如) ③我正在脑海中组织语言，这时我旁边的女孩用胳膊肘推了我一下。 I was_organizing_my_words_in_my_head_when the girl next to me gave me a nudge. ④我正要进餐馆这时突然想到我还没有锁上汽车。 I_was_about_to_go_into_the_restaurant_when it occurred to me that I had not locked the car. ⑤(2023·浙江1月高考写作)我正要离开，这时蜂鸟出现了。 I_was_just_about_to_leave_when the hummingbird appeared. 3．with复合结构 (1)“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的复合结构常在句中作状语，有时也可作定语。用法如下： (2)在with复合结构中，非谓语动词作宾语补足语时，不定式表示将来的动作；现在分词说明这一动作和前面的宾语之间是主动关系，且指这一动作正在进行；过去分词说明这一动作与前面的宾语之间是被动关系，且指这一动作已完成。 |先|学|通|(通过句子变换把握句式特点) ①Because a guide will show us around the scenic spots, we're sure to have a good time. →With_a_guide_to_show_us_around_the_scenic_spots,_we're sure to have a good time. ②There are several problems remaining to be solved, so we still need to hold another meeting as soon as possible. →With_several_problems_remaining_to_be_solved,_we still need to hold another meeting as soon as possible. ③He concentrated his mind on his work and didn't notice what was happening outside. →With_his_mind_concentrated_on_his_work,_he didn't notice what was happening outside. |再|写|美|(通过句子仿写做到运用自如) ④公园里充满了春天的清新和美丽，阳光明媚，鸟儿歌唱。 The park was full of freshness and beauty of spring, with_the_sun_shining_and_birds_singing. ⑤在这么令人害怕的情况下没有一个可以求助的人，她感到很无助。 With_no_one_to_turn_to in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless. ⑥随着时间的推移，他满足于过一种简单的生活。 With_time_going_on/by,_he contented himself with a simple life. 课文赏析 1．赏修辞之美 Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments.We must know all these, if the book is to speak its whole message. 写法领悟：本段运用了排比的修辞手法，and连接的三个并列句层层递进，使得语意加深、语势增强；同时三个并列句都使用了表语前置的倒装结构，重点突出，主题鲜明。第二句中运用了拟人的修辞手法，形象地表达了书籍对信息的传达。 2．赏结构之美 Good literature reflects the most basic of human nature — love and hate, joy and sadness, fear and hope.It also takes on a personal style — no writer can describe human life without reflecting his own life and experiences. 写法领悟：本段使用了两处破折号，都起到了解释说明的作用；此外，破折号还常表示语意的突然转折和声音延长等。 第二处破折号后使用了双重否定结构表示肯定意义，强调每一个作家描写人类的生活时都会反映出他自己的生活和经历。双重否定结构在表达上比单纯的肯定句语气更强烈，更能突出作者的观点。 3．赏结构与修辞之美 Pull, hands, he thought.Hold up, legs.Last for me, head.Last for me.You never went.This time I'll pull him over. 写法领悟：海明威擅长以最简单的词汇表达最复杂的情感。此处(《老人与海》的节选)使用了简短朴实的语言和重复的写作手法对老人的心理活动进行了形象生动的描写，反映出老人的自信、勇敢和强悍，让人物的内心世界得到充分体现，从而增强了文章的感染力。 [针对练笔](根据提示翻译句子) ①I am very happy because my parents give me life, my teachers give me knowledge, my friends give me friendship, and society gives me warmth.(排比修辞) 我很幸福，因为父母给予我生命，老师给予我知识，朋友给予我友情，社会给予我温暖。 ②随信一起寄来的是他在长城上拍的几张照片。 Along_with_the_letter_were_his_pictures_taken_on_the_Great_Wall.(倒装结构) 本单元主题是“文学阅读”，属于“人与社会”的主题语境。应用文在设题时通常以推荐信的形式向对方推荐某一图书，或以文学评论的形式探究优秀文学作品的特征，引导学生认识到阅读文学作品的意义；或以建议信或倡议书的形式鼓励学生多读书，提高学生对阅读重要性的认识。　　 构建语义场 (一)经典文学作品 1．its description of truth and beauty 它对真与美的描写 2．take on a personal style 带有个人风格 3．describe human life 描写人类的生活 4．reflect his own life and experiences 反映其个人生活和经历 5．be worth reading 值得一读 6．stand the test of time 经得起时间的考验 7．be well received 受到好评 8．The book is of great help for us to learn about the history of Tang Dynasty. 这本书对我们了解唐朝历史很有帮助。 9．The novel I'd like to recommend to you is The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, one of the most influential novels in China. 我想向你推荐的小说是《三国演义》，它是中国最有影响力的小说之一。 10．In summary, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man's thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul. 总之，文学是以真和美的形式对生命的表达，是人类思想和感情的写照，是人类灵魂的历史。 (二)阅读的重要性 1．be of great importance for sb. 对某人来说很重要 2．enlarge our knowledge 扩大我们的知识面 3．arouse our curiosity 激发我们的好奇心 4．broaden our horizons 开阔我们的视野 5．enjoy the beauty of the language 　　欣赏语言之美 6．As we all know, books are the ladder of human progress.众所周知，书籍是人类进步的阶梯。 7．As the saying goes，“Reading a good book is to talk with many noble people.” 俗话说：“读一本好书，就是与许多高尚的人交谈。” 8．Reading is a way to gain knowledge and know about the world. 阅读是获得知识和了解世界的一种方式。 9．Reading can cultivate our taste and improve our personal charm. 阅读可以培养我们的品位，提高我们的个人魅力。 10．Through reading we can also learn some skills and help us get a good job. 通过阅读，我们还可以学到一些技能，帮助我们找到一份好工作。 写作任务——基础写作的建模训练 [题目] 在“世界读书日(World Book Day)”到来之际，你想以此为话题给校英语广播站写一篇广播稿，内容包括： 1．读书的益处； 2．如何选书； 3．号召大家读书。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [构思与要点表达] 第一部分 读书的益处 [从教材中学] 1．Let a little song appeal to the ear, or a great book to the heart, and we discover a new world, a world of dreams and magic. 2．The second quality of literature is its appeal to our feelings and imagination. [到写作中用]　读一本好书能够能打动我们的情感，启发我们的想象力，帮助我们发现一个全新的世界。 Reading_a_good_book_can_appeal_to_our_feelings_and_imagination,_helping_us_discover_a_new_world. 第二部分 如何选书 [从教材中学] 1．“What shall I read？” You might have asked yourself this question more than once. 2．You do not have to read a book just because everyone recommends it.Instead, look for books on topics that interest you. 3．Over time, you may find yourself better able to seek out books to your taste and enjoy reading all the more. [到写作中用] 你可能会问：“我该读什么书呢？”我的看法是，你不必因为大家都推荐某一本书就去读。相反，找一些话题让你感兴趣的书。只有按照自己的喜好读书，你才能更加喜欢阅读。 “What_shall_I_read？”_You_might_ask.In_my_opinion,_you_do_not_have_to_read_a_book_just_because_everyone_recommends_it.Instead,_look_for_books_on_topics_that_interest_you.Only_by_reading_books_to_your_taste_can_you_enjoy_reading_all_the_more. 第三部分 发出号召 [头脑风暴] 号召大家读书的佳句有哪些？ 1．总之，读书对我们有很大的好处。让我们行动起来，多读书，共创美好未来。 All_in_all,_reading_can_benefit_us_a_great_deal.Let's_take_action_to_do_more_reading,_creating_a_brighter_future_together. 2．阅读真的很有意义，也很有趣。为什么不现在就拿起一本书来体验一下呢？祝你拥有一次愉快的书海之旅。 Reading_is_really_of_great_meaning_and_fun.Why_not_pick_up_a_book_now_to_experience_it?_Wish_you_a_pleasant_journey_in_books. [衔接与逻辑成篇] 运用补加、过渡与衔接，将上述语句连接成篇 Dear boys and girls， Here comes World Book Day! Now I'm here to share with you the importance of reading.Reading a good book can appeal to our feelings and imagination, helping us discover a new world.As the saying goes，“Reading a good book is to talk with many noble people.” “What shall I read？” You might ask.In my opinion, you do not have to read a book just because everyone recommends it.Instead, look for books on topics that interest you.Only by reading books to your taste can you enjoy reading all the more. All in all, reading can benefit us a great deal.Let's take action to do more reading, creating a brighter future together. [课时作业评价]主题表达升格训练 Ⅰ.根据要求完成下列句子 1．(完成句子)I appeal_to_everyone_to_join_us and protect the oceans together. 我呼吁大家加入我们一起来保护海洋。 2．(完成句子)You shouldn't put the blame on others.You should reflect_on_your_own_action. 你不应该把责任推给别人。你应该反省一下自己的行为。 3．(完成句子)As a Chinese who_is_interested_in_travelling_in_particular/who_is_particularly_interested_in_travelling,_I would like to introduce my favorite city — Beijing.(particular) 作为一个特别喜欢旅游的中国人，我想介绍我最喜欢的城市——北京。 4．He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around. ①Devoting_himself_to_community_activities，he was praised by the people around.(用现在分词短语作状语升级) ②Devoted_to_community_activities,_he was praised by the people around.(用过去分词短语作状语升级) 5．I'm determined to perform well in the final exam, so I'm occupied in preparing for it. →Determined_to_perform_well_in_the_final_exam,_I'm occupied in preparing for it.(用分词短语作状语升级) 6．(同义句转换)Your help was very significant to me; without it, I wouldn't have been successful. →Your help was_of_great_significance_to_me；without it, I wouldn't have been successful. 巩固练习 I. 单词拼写 1. The painting comes from his private  (收藏集). 2. The future of public  (交通运输) is not in question. 3. These charities depend on the compassionate feelings and  (慷慨) of the general public 4. People tend to work hard at this  (时期) of life. 5. We should try to understand things in nature and not  (破坏) them.  6. You must learn to accept  (失败) with good grace. 7. We'll always justify our actions with  (崇高的) sounding theories.  8. He crossed the street and walked  (沿着) Central Park.  Ⅱ. 单句语法 1.He loves science fiction ___________ particular. 2. He was a warm, ___________ (generosity) and kind-hearted man. 3. Will you at least make an attempt ___________ (smile)? 4. Writing ___________ (poet) liberated her from the routine of everyday life. 5. The road continues as ___________ (straighten) as an arrow. 6. Even though the book was helpful, however, I still feel ___________ (confuse). 7. I think the trouble will clear ___________ in a couple of days.  8. The answer had come to him ___________ a flash.  Ⅰ. 单词拼写 1. collection 2.transport 3. generosity 4.stage 5. destroy 6. defeat 7.noble 8.alongside Ⅱ. 单句语法 1. in 2. generous 3. to smile 4. poetry 5. straight 6. confused 7. up 8. in 阅读理解 C My family and I belonged to a country club located across the street from the Long Island Sound. Each summer, the big attraction for us was the pool. I learned how to swim and joined the swimming team but was never really a good swimmer. However, swimming in my younger days was a way to keep cool, and swimming on a team gave me identity and a sense of belonging . It also became invaluable many years later. In 1973, I was married, pregnant and had a home. What made our little home even more wonderful was when I discovered that four blocks away was Rath Park Pool! For the next 30 years, most of our summer days were spent around that pool. Each of my five kids took swimming lessons and learned all the different swimming strokes (姿势). They later joined the swimming team and competed in sports meets. My daughter even became a lifeguard at the town pool. I sat back and happily took it all in! As much as I would have liked to have life stand still, it doesn’t. My children outgrew their pool days and moved on. But the pool was still four blocks from my home, so I began to take up swimming again. And it was far better than I ever could have imagined. I got so much out of it that I joined the local pool so I could swim year-round. Whenever I swam, I would always come out feeling physically and mentally refreshed. I often felt that if I looked hard enough, I would be able to see all of the worries and problems I’ve had in life, sitting at the bottom of the pool! What has swimming taught me? I’ve learned that balance is the key to being a good swimmer. If you are balanced in the water, you have no resistance. Working on staying balanced made me realize the similarities between life in and out of the swim lane (泳道). If you work on keeping yourself balanced, you will be able to swim right through the stress and problems life throws at you! 28. What can we learn about the author from paragraph 1? A. Her family taught her how to swim. B. She swam with friends more often in summer. C. Swimming brought her lifelong benefits. D. She was elected to be the swim team captain. 29. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 imply? A. The author loved the pool days with her kids. B. Swimming was losing its appeal to the author. C. She was proud of her kids for winning competitions. D. The author preferred to have a peaceful life. 30. What did the author find after she took up swimming again? A. Sports can give you the courage to face difficulties. B. She mastered more swimming skills than expected. C. It enabled her to see how to handle problems in life. D. Swimming made her remember her younger days. 31. What is the best title of the article? A. Wonderful pool days with her family B. Life in the swim lane C. Balance between life and family D. Similarities between swimming and life 【答案】28. C 29. A 30. C 31. B 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了作者是如何从游泳这一运动中终身受益的。作者年轻时，在团队中游泳给了自己身份和归属感，后来作者成家有了孩子，又享受和孩子们一起度过的泳池时光。再到后来，作者再次开始游泳，发现游泳让自己能够理解生活中遇到的烦恼和问题。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, swimming in my younger days was a way to keep cool, and swimming on a team gave me identity and a sense of belonging . It also became invaluable many years later. ”可知，游泳让作者终身受益。故选C。 【29题详解】 句意猜测题。根据画线句上文“Each of my five kids took swimming lessons and learned all the different swimming strokes (姿势). They later joined the swimming team and competed in sports meets. My daughter even became a lifeguard at the town pool.”可知作者的五个孩子都上了游泳课，学习了各种不同的游泳姿势。后来，他们加入了游泳队，参加运动会。作者的女儿甚至成为了镇上游泳池的救生员，作者的孩子们都在游泳中体会到了乐趣，作者自然也和孩子们乐在其中。故画线句的意思是“作者很喜欢和孩子们一起度过的泳池时光”。故选A。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“But the pool was still four blocks from my home, so I began to take up swimming again. And it was far better than I ever could have imagined. I got so much out of it that I joined the local pool so I could swim year-round. Whenever I swam, I would always come out feeling physically and mentally refreshed. I often felt that if I looked hard enough, I would be able to see all of the worries and problems I’ve had in life, sitting at the bottom of the pool! ”可知，作者重新开始游泳后发现这使她明白了如何处理生活中的问题。故选C。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“What has swimming taught me? I’ve learned that balance is the key to being a good swimmer. If you are balanced in the water, you have no resistance. Working on staying balanced made me realize the similarities between life in and out of the swim lane (泳道). If you work on keeping yourself balanced, you will be able to swim right through the stress and problems life throws at you! ”结合文章主要记叙了作者是如何从游泳这一运动中终身受益的。作者年轻时，在团队中游泳给了自己身份和归属感，后来作者成家有了孩子，又和孩子们一起度过的泳池时光。再到后来，作者再次开始游泳，发现游泳让自己能够理解生活中遇到的烦恼和问题。可知，B选项“泳道里的生活”最符合文章标题。故选B。 D The Internet has completely changed the workplace over the past three decades. Artificial Intelligence is now all set to do the same, and businesses that don't take advantage of the technology risk being left behind. Global tech giants (巨头) like Amazon have been leading the change, and businesses of all sizes are now using the technology for employing and managing their staff. Among them is L'Oreal. With about a million applicants for roughly 15,000 new positions each year, the company is using AI to hire. “We really wanted to save time and focus more on quality, diversity and candidate experience. And AI solutions were the best way to go faster on these challenges, said Eva Azoulay, global vice-president of L'Oreal's Human Resources Department. The company uses Mya, a chatbot, to save employers' time during the first stage of the process. It handles routine questions from candidates, and checks details such as availability and visa requirements. Should candidates make it to the next round, they’ll run into Seedlink, an AI software that scores applicants based on their answers to open-ended interview questions. These scores don't replace human judgment, said Azoulay, but they do pick out candidates who might not seem like obvious choices. Early results have been promising. For one internship program, where 12,000 people apply for about 80 spots, employers claim they saved 200 hours of time while hiring the most diverse group to date. Other businesses have gone beyond employment and are using AI to help manage employees. Some UK firms have started using Isaak, a system designed by the London-based company StatusToday, to track how many hours staff spend online and the number of emails they receive. London real estate agent JBrown has been using this system since March. CEO James Brown said it helps the firm understand employees' habits and prevent them from overworking. “It enables us to solve bottleneck problems and relieve overburdened employees,” he said. Despite these examples of good practice, there is still a long way for AI to reach its full potential (潜力), and the technology comes with risks. Another AI danger could be its impact on jobs through automation (自动化). McKinsey predicts AI could add $13 trillion to the global economy by 2030, with early adopters doubling their cash flow over that period. But the demand for repetitive (重复的) or digitally-unskilled jobs could drop by around 10%, the consulting firm said in a 2018 report. 32. What can we learn about AI technology from Paragraph 1? A It causes a great problem in workplace. B. It will replace the Internet in the future. C. It requires businesses to invest much money. D. It will become a necessary part of business. 33. L'Oreal uses AI in its hiring process to________. A. pick out the most suitable candidates directly B. come up with more questions unlimitedly C. improve the company's hiring efficiency D. save money by replacing human judgment 34. Firms with the system Isaak can_______. A. prevent their employees from surfing the Internet B. force their employees to form good working habits C. monitor the contents of all their employees' emails D. help their employees avoid being overstressed at work 35. The passage is mainly developed by _______. A. setting examples B. making comparisons C. examining differences D. following the time order 【答案】32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A 【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能在公司招聘人才和员工管理中的应用。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的The Internet has completely changed the workplace over the past three decades. Artificial Intelligence is now all set to do the same, and businesses that don't take advantage of the technology risk being left behind.可知，人工智能正在像互联网一样改变人们的生活，而没有利用人工智能的企业正面临淘汰问题。由此可知，人工智能已经变成了商业中不可缺少的部分。故选D项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的We really wanted to save time and focus more on quality, diversity and candidate experience. And AI solutions were the best way to go faster on these challenges.和第六段中的Early results have been promising. For one internship program, where 12,000 people apply for about 80 spots, employers claim they saved 200 hours of time while hiring the most diverse group to date.可知，L'Oreal想利用人工智能来节省时间，更注重质量、多样性和候选人体验，并且早期结果显示，应用人工智能确实为他们节约了不少时间。由此可知，L'Oreal想通过人工智能提高人才招聘效率。故选C项。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据第七段中的 London real estate agent JBrown has been using this system since March. CEO James Brown said it helps the firm understand employees' habits and prevent them from overworking.可知，James Brown说system issak可以帮助公司了解员工的习惯，防止他们过度工作。由此可知，拥有这个系统的公司希望可以应用这个系统避免员工过度工作。故选D项。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中提到Global tech giants(巨头)like Amazon，第三段提到Among them is L'Oreal及London real estate agent JBrown has been using this system可知，不同公司应用人工智能的例子多次出现。由此可知，本文主要通过举例子的方式来进行论证的。故选A项。 完形填空 If we redouble our efforts,our dreams will come true.Chen Zuobin had ___41___ for 13 years already.Finally,he decided to become a ___42___ again.Born in a mountain village in Anhui Province,Chen Zuobin walked out of the mountains for study when he was 19.Though he had a ___43___ life as a creative director of an international agency in Shanghai,he couldn’t ___44___ the anxiety reflected in his dreams. “I dreamed about ___45___ branch roads several times a year.I didn’t know which one leads to ___46___.It made me feel terrible.” One day,Chen Zuobin said to his wife,“I want to go home.” ___47___ being surprised,his wife said,“Follow your heart.Don’t worry about me.” The young couple returned to their hometown and ___48___ the Real Food Farm just to lead a real and simple life.Chen Zuobin shook off the ___59___ and tiredness from too much workload in the city.Only in the mountains can they enjoy the ___30___ air.There isn’t the smell of tail gas,but the smell of ___51___ when it shines over the woods.They live a life of “eating healthily and ___52___ well”. In a time ___53___ eating properly becomes a luxury in the urban life,it’s truly a right way to return to the simplicity.“Life is a journey of ___54___ the proper way.” said Chen Zuobin. Those dreams about branch roads have ___55___ because he has found his own path. 41. A. dreamed B. lived C. struggled D. hesitated 42. A. villager B. worker C. manager D. farmer 43. A. hard B. successful C. simple D. cozy 44. A. remove B. remember C. expose D. imagine 45. A. muddy B. vague C. countless D. straight 46. A. Rome B. home C. future D. destination 47. A. In terms of B. In spite of C. In place of D. Instead of 48. A. left B. sold C. built D. ruined 49. A. anxiety B. loneliness C. sadness D. joy 50. A. warm B. thin C. smelly D. fresh 51. A. water B. dust C. sunlight D. smog 52. A. playing B. sleeping C. dressing D. studying 53. A. when B. that C. which D. where 54. A. changing B. directing C. leading D. finding 55. A. faded away B. passed away C. put away D. run away 【答案】 CDBA C BDCAD CBADA 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了事业有成的陈作斌和妻子返回大山过简单的山村生活，以摆脱城市生活带来的焦虑。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：陈作斌已经奋斗了13年。A. dreamed梦想；B. lived居住；C. struggled奋斗，努力；D. hesitated犹豫。前一句说如果我们加倍努力，我们的梦想就会实现，此处是说陈作斌已经奋斗了13年，故选C。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，他决定再次成为一个农民。A. villager村民；B. worker工人；C. manager经理；D. farmer农民。根据空后的“...again. Born in a mountain village in Anhui Province”及后文中的“the Real Food Farm”可知，出生在安徽一个山村的陈作斌决定再次成为一个农民，故选D。 【43题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为上海一家国际机构的创意总监，他的生活很成功，但他无法消除梦中反映出来的焦虑。A. hard艰苦的；B. successful成功的；C. simple简单的；D. cozy舒适的，安逸的。根据空后的“as a creative director of an international agency in Shanghai”可知，身为上海一家国际机构的创意总监，陈作斌的生活是成功的，故选B。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. remove去除，摆脱；B. remember记住；C. expose揭露；D. imagine想象。尽管身为上海一家国际机构的创意总监，陈作斌仍然无法摆脱梦中的焦虑，文章最后提到他关于那些岔路口的梦逐渐消失了，给了提示。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一年有好几次梦见无数的岔路口。A. muddy泥泞的；B. vague模糊的； C. countless无数的； D. straight直接的。根据下句I didn’t know which one leads to可知是无数的岔路口，不知道哪条是通往家的路，故选C。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道哪一条是回家的路。A. Rome罗马； B. home家； C. future未来； D. destination目的地。根据下文中的“I want to go home.”可知是指回家之路，故选B。 【47题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：妻子非但没有惊讶，反而说：“随你的心意而行。”A. In terms of依据，按照；B. In spite of尽管；C. In place of代替；D. Instead of而不是，相反。根据下文妻子跟随他回家可知，相反，妻子对他的决定没有惊讶，反而告诉他跟随自己的内心，故选D。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对年轻夫妇回到家乡，建造了真正的食品农场，过着真正简单的生活。A. left离开； B. sold卖； C. built建造； D. ruined摧毁。根据空后的“the Real Food Farm just to lead a real and simple life”可知，夫妇二人建造了农场，过上了简单的山村生活，故选C。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：陈作斌摆脱了在城市中繁重工作带来的焦虑和疲劳。A. anxiety焦虑； B. loneliness孤独； C. sadness悲伤； D. joy欢乐。根据上文the anxiety reflected in his dreams.和空后的“and tiredness from too much workload in the city”可知，陈作斌摆脱了过多的工作量带来的焦虑和疲劳，故选A。 【50题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只有在山里他们才能享受新鲜空气。A. warm温暖的；B. thin薄的；C. smelly发臭的；D. fresh新鲜的。根据常识可知在大山里空气是新鲜的，故选D。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有尾气的味道，只有阳光照耀在树林上的味道。A. water水；B. dust灰尘；C. sunlight阳光；D. smog烟雾。根据空后的“when it shines over the woods”可知，当阳光照耀着树林的时候能闻到阳光的味道，故选C。 【52题详解】 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：他们过着“吃得健康、睡得好”的生活。A. playing玩耍；B. sleeping睡觉；C. dressing穿着打扮；D. studying学习。根据空前的“They live a life of ‘eating healthily and’”可知，他们在大山里吃得健康，睡眠也很好，故选B。 【53题详解】 考查定语从句的关系词。句意：在这个时代，当健康饮食成为城市生活的奢侈品时，它确实是回归简单的方式。A. when什么时候；B. that那个；C. which哪一个；D. where哪里。空后面是一个定语从句，先行词是time，而从句中又不缺主语或宾语，故关系词在从句中作时间状语，故选A。 【54题详解】 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：“生活是一场寻找正确道路的旅程。”陈作斌说。A. changing改变；B. directing指导；C. leading导致；D. finding发现，寻找。根据下文because he has found his own path.可知是寻找正确道路，故选D。 【55题详解】 考查动词词组辨析。句意：关于那些岔路口的梦逐渐消失了，因为他已经找到了自己的路。A. faded away逐渐消失；B. passed away去世；C. put away把……收起来；D. run away逃跑。根据下文因为他已经找到了自己的路，可知上文应该是关于那些岔路口的梦逐渐消失了。故选A。 单元话题作文 假如你是李华4月23日是世界读书日，请给你的外国笔友David发电子邮件推荐一本书，要点如下： 1.表明写信的目的；     2.推荐该书的理由；        3.希望知道他对该书的看法。 注意：1可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；        2.词数80左右。 参考词汇：世界读书日 World Book and Copyright Day Dear David, _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Dear David, How’s it going? I’m writing to recommend a book that I really couldn’t get enough of, because World Book and Copyright Day is on the way. The book is The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe written by C. S. Lewis. The reasons why I recommend the book are as follows: First, it’s an exciting tale set in a magical land. Second, when I’m reading it, I feel as if I were really there. What’s more, I am addicted to the adventures of the four children and the characters they meet. I hope you can read it and share your opinions about it with me. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外国笔友David发电子邮件推荐一本书。 【详解】1.词汇积累 故事：tale→story 好像：as if→as though 此外：what’s more→besides 观点：opinion→view 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The book is The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe written by C. S. Lewis. 拓展句：The book is The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe, which is written by C. S. Lewis. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m writing to recommend a book that I really couldn’t get enough of, because World Book and Copyright Day is on the way.（运用了that引导的定语从句和because引导的原因状语从句） 【高分句型2】The reasons why I recommend the book are as follows:（运用了why引导的定语从句） 【高分句型3】Second, when I’m reading it, I feel as if I were really there.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句和as if引导的表语从句） ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$