Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills（课件PPT）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（译林版）

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage & Integrated skills Unit 3　Getting along with others 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 语法精讲•技能培养 01 写作培优•妙笔生花 02 核心知识•关键能力 03 课时作业•知能达标 04 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 语法精讲•技能培养 栏目导航 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 that Lu Xun once lived in 宾语 that he used to be 表语 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 that is studying in the classroom 主语 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 that/which has been read that/which you can hire 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 宾语 主语 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 The man whom/that/who everyone likes is kind. The boy whom/that/who I talked to just now is my brother. 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 whose who/whom/that whose 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 that that that that that which 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 写作培优•妙笔生花 栏目导航 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 随堂演练•巩固提升 栏目导航 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 who/that whose that/which that 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 that that that which/that 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 who/that will perform (that/which)we visited three months ago 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 ( that ) I have found whose windows were almost all broken that she had picked up 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 课时作业•知能达标 栏目导航 课时作业•知能达标 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 谢谢观看 栏目导航 Unit 3　Getting along with others 1 由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句 一、基本概念 定语从句：在复合句中作定语，修饰主句和主句中的某一名词、代词或名词短语的从句叫定语从句。用一个句子来修饰一个词时，称这个句子为定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的那个词叫先行词；限制性定语从句对其先行词有强烈的限定作用。形式上限制性定语从句与主句间没有逗号。引导定语从句的关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose。 二、语法规则 (一)that的用法 that 既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中通常作主语、宾语或表语。 The woman that is standing by the classroom is our English teacher. 站在教室旁的那位女士是我们的英语老师。 This is the book (that)I want to read. 这就是我想读的那本书。 [名师点津]　 that在定语从句中作宾语时常可省略，只能引导限制性定语从句。 [对点集训1] 用that引导定语从句合并句子，并指出that在从句中的成分 ①This is the house.Lu Xun once lived in the house. → This is the house _________________________．(that在定语从句中作_____) ②Jack is no longer a lazy boy.He used to be a lazy boy. → Jack is no longer a lazy boy __________________．(that在定语从句中作_____) ③The boy is Tom.The boy is studying in the classroom. → The boy__________________________________ is Tom.(that在定语从句中作_____) (二)which的用法 which一般指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 My favorite place is Kunming which is known as the Spring City. 我最喜欢的城市是以春城著称的昆明。 This is the school (which)his brother studies in. 这是他弟弟学习的学校。 [名师点津]　 which在定语从句中作宾语时常可省略，既能引导限制性定语从句，又能引导非限制性定语从句。 [对点集训2] 完成句子 ①This is the book ________________________ recently by that young man. 这就是那个年轻人最近读的书。 ②A taxi is a car _______________________． 出租车是你可租用的小汽车。 (三)who的用法 who一般指人，在定语从句中通常作主语、宾语。 The tall man who is playing basketball is Xiao Ming. 正在打篮球的那个高个子是肖明。 The boy (who)we saw yesterday is John's brother. 我们昨天见到的那个男孩是约翰的兄弟。 [名师点津]　 who在定语从中作宾语时常可省略，但不能放在介词之后作宾语。 [对点集训3]　 写出下列句子中who的成分 ①Dickson is an able worker who we all value highly. ______ ②Those who break the law shall be punished.______ (四)whom的用法 whom一般指人，在定语从句中通常作宾语。 This is the girl (whom)I met in the street. 这就是我在街上遇到的那个女孩。 [名师点津]　 whom在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。可放在介词之后作宾语，这时不省略。 [对点集训4] 翻译句子 ①大家都喜欢的这位男士很善良。 __________________________________________ ②刚才和我说话的那个男孩是我的弟弟。 __________________________________________________ (五)whose的用法 whose既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中通常作定语。 I have read the book whose characters I like very much. 我已经读了这本书，我很喜欢它里面的人物。 This is the boy whose father is a doctor. 这就是那个爸爸是医生的男孩。 [名师点津]　 whose指人时相当于of whom，指物时相当于of which。 [对点集训5] 用适当的关系代词填空 ①Yesterday I met a student _____ sister knows you. ②The man _____________ you met at the airport is a famous star. ③I have a good friend _____ name is Liu Mei. (六)关系代词that和which的用法对比 在定语从句中，指物，作主语和宾语时that和which通常可互换。 1．在下列情况下只能用that (1)先行词为不定冠词all，few，little，much，everything，nothing 等。 All (that)you have to do is to practise every day. 你需要做的是每天练习。 There isn't much (that)I can do. 我会做的不多。 (2)先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时。 The first lesson (that)I learned will never be forgotten. 我学到的第一堂课将永远不会被忘记。 This is the best film (that )I have ever seen. 这是我看过的最好看的电影。 (3)先行词被all，any，every，few，little，no，some等不定代词修饰时。 I have read all the books (that)you gave me. 我已经把你给我的所有书读完了。 (4)先行词被the only，the very，the last，the same等修饰时。 The white flower is the only one that I really like. 这种白色的花是唯一我真正喜欢的。 This is the very book that I want to read. 这就是我特别想读的书。 (5)当主句以who或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句用that 引导。 Who is the man that is standing there? 站在那里的那个男人是谁？ Which of us that knows something about physics doesn't know this? 我们当中懂点物理的人哪一个不知道这个？ (6)先行词既有人又有物时。 We talked about the persons and things that we could remember. 我们谈论起我们所能记住的人和事。 2．在下列情况下只用which (1)在介词之后作宾语 This is the factory in which his father works. 这是他父亲工作的工厂。 (2)引导非限制性定语从句 Our team won the game，which made us excited. 让我们非常兴奋的是我们队赢得了比赛。 [对点集训6] 选词填空：which，that ①Is there anything else ____ you require? ②The last place ____ we visited was the Great Wall. ③He talked happily about the men and books ____ interested him greatly in the school. ④Is oxygen the only gas ____ helps fire burn? ⑤Ghost is the most moving film ____ I have ever seen. ⑥Here is the book about _____ I told you yesterday. [名师点津]　 1．当先行词是way，意思为“以……的方式”，定语从句缺状语的时候，常用that 或in which来引导从句，也可以省略。 I don't like the way (that/in which)she speaks to her mother. 我不喜欢她对她妈妈讲话的方式。 2．一些固定短语中的介词不能提前到关系代词前，如：look for，look after等。 He is the person (that/who/whom)we are looking for. 他就是我们正在找的人。 与人相处，结交朋友 一、文体特点 描写人与人之间的相处，结交朋友的作文可以是议论文，说明文也可以是夹叙夹议的文章。 二、审题谋篇 写作结构应遵循引子、正文、结束三部分的要求，应该目的明确，材料准确翔实，语言简练。 三、知识储备 ★常用词汇与短语 1．cherish v.珍惜 2．valuable adj.珍贵的 3．gradually adv.逐渐地 4．inspire v.鼓励；鼓舞 5．be always ready to help others乐于助人 6．open oneself up to others变得外向 7．have much in common有许多共同之处 8．ups and downs(生活中的)起起伏伏 9．all of a sudden突然 10．give sb a hand帮某人一把 11．in return作为回报 12．on the rocks(关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃 13．in the wrong有错，应承担责任 14．apologize to sb for sth因某事向某人道歉 15．count on指望，依赖 16．show respect for尊重 17．smooth out消除(问题)，克服(困难) 18．keep sb company/accompany sb陪伴某人 19．explode with anger愤怒爆发 20．eat away at the meaning of friendship破坏友谊的意义 ★常用句式 1．Friends give us... 2．A good friend is someone you can... 3．Friendship plays an important part/role in... 4．We can turn to...when we feel down. 5．...is one of the things people value most in a friend.... 6．I believe our friendship will last forever. 7．We will cherish the time we have spent together. 8．Especially when you are in trouble，she will give you a hand. 9....is warm-hearted and she is always ready to help others. 10．We get along well with each other because we have much in common，respect each other，help each other and learn from each other. 11．Gradually，with the help of...，I have learned how to open myself up to others and become more confident. 12．A good friend can inspire me whenever I meet ups and downs in life. 13．All of a sudden，I realized that the most valuable thing was true friendship. 14．Smile at someone and you are almost sure to get a smile in return. 15．At first I found it difficult for me to get on well with the other students in our class. 古语云：“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？” 在生活中，人人都需要朋友。但如何与朋友和谐相处才能使我们的友谊长存呢？请根据下面的提示，写一篇英语短文。 内容要点： 诚实：谎言会使朋友远离我们。 倾听：理解朋友的心声。 虚心：如果在朋友面前骄傲，就会失去朋友的尊敬。 无私：在朋友有困难时帮助朋友。 注意：1.词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯。 [思路点拨] 一、审题定调 1．确定体裁：本文是议论文； 2．确定人称：本文的主要人称为第一人称； 3．确定时态：主要以一般现在时为主。 二、基本结构 开头：引出话题。 主体：内容要点。 结尾：总结。 [词汇热身] 1．win lifelong friendship赢得终身的友谊 2．obey the following rules遵循如下的规则 3．to begin with首先，第一 4．be honest with对……诚实 5．be humble谦虚 6．win one's respect赢得某人的尊重 7．be ready to help sb乐于助人 8．in trouble处于困境 [主要句式] 1．We believe that... 2．It is important for us to know how to get along well with our friends. 3．We should be honest with our friends. 4．Lies will surely make them stay far away from us. 5．...we obey the above rules. [句式升级] 1．用it作形式主语改写句1 It is widely recognized that... 2．用be of＋n.改写句2 It is of vital importance for us to know how to get along well with our friends. 3．用because 连接句3和句4 We should be honest with our friends because lies will surely make them stay far away from us. 4．用定语从句改写句5 ...we obey the rules that are mentioned above. [连句成篇] How to Get Along with Friends It is widely recognized that keeping friendship is not so easy as making friends.In order to win lifelong friendship，we should obey the following rules. To begin with，we should be honest with our friends.Lies will surely make them stay far away from us. Second，we should become good listeners as well so that we can have a good understanding of one another.Most of all，we should be ready to help our friends whenever they are in trouble. In a word，as long as we obey the rules that are mentioned above，we will find it easy to get on well with our friends. 假定你叫李华，你给杂志的编辑投稿，描述了你的邻居Tom与同学相处过程中，开始不被同学们喜欢，和同学们吵架，总是因为各种小事责备其他人，他自己也很不开心。后来他接受老师的建议，改变了自己的行为，主动帮助有困难的同学，并能设身处地为同学们考虑，最终被同学们原谅和依赖。 注意：1.词数80左右(开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数)； 2．可适当增加细节使行文连贯。 Dear editor， ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua [参考范文] Dear editor， My neighbor Tom didn't feel happy because his classmates disliked him.He always quarreled with them and blamed others for anything small，regardless of others' feelings.Having seen this，his teacher was determined to help him.After chatting with his teacher many times face to face，Tom accepted his teacher's advice.He offered to give a hand to the classmates in need.He behaved well，and put himself into others' shoes.Now his classmates are willing to make friends with him and count on him very much. Yours， Li Hua Ⅰ.用适当的关系代词填空 1．We don't know the number of people ________ lost their homes in the disaster. 2．I know a boy student _____ father works here. 3．The school __________ he once studied in is very famous. 4．They are talking about the people and the things ____ they saw on their way home. 5．This is the very thing ____ I can tell you. 6．Is this all ____ you want to say? 7．Which is the clock ____ is made in China? 8．I shall never forget the days __________ I spent with you. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．In addition，there are famous artists _____________________ how to cut paper on the spot. 此外，还有一些著名的艺术家将在现场表演如何剪纸。 2．Do you still remember the chicken farm _____________________ ________________? 你还记得三个月前我们参观的那个养鸡场吗？ 3．This is the best book _____________________ all this year. 这是这一年来我找到的最好的一本书。 4．In the end，she decided to sell the house __________________ __________________． 最终她决定卖掉那所窗子几乎都破掉的房子。 5．The girl handed everything ______________________ in the street to the police. 这个女孩把她在街上捡到的一切都交给了警察。 Ⅲ.语法填空 When a child is told he is “uncool”，it can be very painful.He may say he doesn't care，and even act in ways 1.________are opposite of cool on purpose.But these are 2.________(simple)ways to handle sadness by pretending it's not there. Helping a child feel better in school has to be careful.If you say，“Why are you 3.________(worry)about what other children think about you？It doesn't matter！” Children know that it does matter.Instead，an active way may be best.You could say，“I'm going to do a couple of things for you to help you feel better in school.” If a boy is having trouble 4.________(make)friends，the teacher can help him.The teacher can arrange things so that he has chances to use his abilities to make 5.________(contribute)to class projects.This is how the other children learn how to value his good qualities and to like him.A teacher can also raise a child's 6.________(popular)in the group by showing that he values that child.It even helps to put him in a seat next to a very popular child，or let him be a partner with that child in activities，etc. There are things 7.________parents can do at home，too.Be friendly when your child brings others home to play.Encourage him to invite friends to meals and then serve the dishes 8.________they consider “super”．When you plan trips，picnics，movies，and other shows，invite another child with 9.________ your child wants to be friends. What you can do is to give him a chance to join a group 10.________ may be shutting him out.Then，if he has good qualities，he can start to build real friendship of his own. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要建议父母和老师怎样帮助一个不酷的孩子交到朋友。 答案　simply 3．解析　考查形容词。固定短语be worried about“担心……”。 答案　worried 1．解析　考查定语从句。先行词是ways，定语从句缺主语，故填that或which。 答案　that/which 2．解析　考查副词。在句中作状语，表示“仅仅”。 答案　contributions 4．解析　考查非谓语动词。have trouble doing sth“做……有困难”。 答案　making 5．解析　考查名词。固定短语make contributions to“对……做贡献”。 答案　that 6．解析　考查名词。raise a child's后应该跟名词，popular的名词形式是popularity。 答案　popularity 7．解析　考查定语从句。先行词为things，定语从句缺宾语，填that。 答案　whom 8．解析　考查定语从句。先行词为the dishes，定语从句缺宾语，用that/which。 答案　that/which 9．解析　考查定语从句。先行词是another child，指代人，在从句中作介词with后的宾语，只能用whom。 10．解析　考查定语从句。先行词是a group，定语从句缺主语，用that或which。 答案　that/which $$