Unit 3 Getting along with others 单元语法（定语从句之关系代词）-2026-2027学年高一英语译林版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦定语从句关系代词，通过语法填空与完成句子结合，系统覆盖基础用法与特殊情境，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单句语法填空|30题|纯语法选择，考查关系代词基本用法及特殊情况（如only/最高级修饰先行词等）|从基础关系代词（who/which/that）到特殊用法（whose/that的特殊情况），覆盖先行词类型（人/物/不定代词/最高级等）与关系代词的对应关系| |完成句子|20题|语境化语法应用，需结合中文提示补全定语从句|衔接语法规则与语用场景，强化关系代词在具体语境中的正确运用，培养分析与表达能力|

Unit 3 Getting along with others 定语从句之关系代词 一、单句语法填空 1．They photographed the city and its people had survived the earthquake. 2．Anyone breaks the school rules will be punished strictly. 3．This is the only chance we can get to improve ourselves. 4．I know a student mother works in a hospital. 5．This is the very book can help you improve your writing skills quickly. 6．The book   cover is blue contains plenty of useful learning knowledge. 7．This is the most meaningful activity I have taken part in at school. 8．We admire the writer works have influenced countless young readers. 9．The story he told us yesterday is very touching and educational. 10．The student helps others willingly is popular among teachers and classmates. 11．Guilin is the most beautiful place people all over the world want to visit. 12．The factory has developed a new type of product has been popular since its launch. 13．She is the most hardworking student our class has ever had. 14．She wants to reach young people might not otherwise have access to the arts and give them a voice through comics. 15．People who seldom do sports or diet is high in fat will put on weight quickly. 16．The Great Wall is such a famous tourist attraction draws millions of people every year. 17．Do you know the person and things they are talking about. 18．The old man is so hard-working a gardener quite a few gardens want to hire as a full-time worker. 19．Where do you start? Here’s a handful of ways will set you in the right direction. 20．Those want to go on the riding trip please gather at the gate after school. 21．The tallest building I have seen is the Empire State Building in New York. 22．His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period witnessed many important geographical findings. 23．In a society overstates mistakes, is it any wonder that so many young people attempt the impossible task of being perfect? 24．Some people sign their name in a way is hard to be recognized. 25．The army came to dig out those were trapped beneath the buildings. 26．This is something positive I can do for them, which is what I like most about it. 27．This is the museum we visited last week, where there are many valuable paintings and sculptures. 28．Albert Einstein, theories are universally recognized, was a modest man. 29．Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame, she has become a scientist work is internationally renowned. 30．The materials are needed for the experiment have already been ordered. 31．The organization aims to help those suffer from great losses in the pandemic(疫情). 32．The winner talked a lot about things and people helped him become a successful athlete. 33．The app uses AR to transform the way visitors interact with the park’s wildlife. 34．The reason for the decline in biodiversity is that the environment the species depend on is significantly threatened by development. 35．One important factor to consider is the tremendous pressure comes with studying abroad. 36．A real friend is someone support we can count on whenever we are in need. 37．It’s the only Thai restaurant ranks among the top 10 of the world’s 50 best restaurants list. 38．Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and recipe books frequently top the best seller lists. 39．What is the unique opportunity the new project offers for the employees to enhance their professional skills? 40．To be honest, Tibet is the most unforgettable place I have ever been to. 二、完成句子 41．The way _____________________________________ was quite simple． 他解释那个问题的方法很简单。 42．The boy______________the earthquake was quickly taken to hospital. 那个双腿在地震中严重受伤的男孩被迅速送到了医院。 43．汤姆是唯一一位去过上海的学生。 Tom is the only one of the students _______________. 44．那边在树下读书的男孩是谁？ Who is the boy__________________over there? 45．英语是你这些年里要学的最难的一门学科。 English is the most difficult subject ____________________. 46．这就是那位父母亲在地震中丧生的年轻人。 This is the young man__________________in the earthquake. 47．正如所料,他终于成功地爬到了山顶。 ________,he succeeded in climbing to the top at last. 48．This is the reason ______________________. 这是我想知道的原因。 49．使我感到吃惊的不是他说话的内容,而是他说话的方式。 What surprised me was not what he said but ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 50．你忘了，有天晚上，有个坏家伙想绑架你，你却在他被惩罚时对他表示友善。 You have forgotten an unfortunate person ________ ________ ________ ________ you one night, this same person to whom you showed kindness when he was being punished. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Getting along with others 定语从句之关系代词 一、单句语法填空 1．They photographed the city and its people had survived the earthquake. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：他们拍摄了这座城市和在地震中幸存下来的人们。空处引导定语从句，先行词是the city and its people，同时包含人和物，从句中缺主语，应用关系代词that。 2．Anyone breaks the school rules will be punished strictly. 【答案】who 【详解】句意：任何违反校规的人都将受到严厉处分。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为不定代词Anyone，指代人，从句缺少主语，用关系代词who；that虽可指人，但先行词是anyone、someone、everyone这类不定代词时，优先使用who引导定语从句。 3．This is the only chance we can get to improve ourselves. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：这是我们能提升自我的唯一机会。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是‌chance‌，指物，且先行词被the only修饰，关系词代替先行词在从句中作get的宾语，只能用关系代词that引导。 4．I know a student mother works in a hospital. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：我认识一个学生，她的妈妈在医院工作。此处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a student，关系代词将其代入从句中作定语，应用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导该从句。 5．This is the very book can help you improve your writing skills quickly. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：这正是能帮助你快速提升写作能力的书。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词book在从句中作主语，当先行词被the very修饰时，定语从句只能用关系代词that引导，不能用which。 6．The book   cover is blue contains plenty of useful learning knowledge. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：这本蓝色封面的书籍包含大量实用的学习知识。设空处引导定语从句，先行词The book，在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词cover，用关系代词whose修饰cover，表示“书的封皮”。 7．This is the most meaningful activity I have taken part in at school. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：这是我在校期间参加过的最有意义的活动。空处引导定语从句，先行词activity被最高级the most meaningful修饰，在从句中作主语，只能用that。 8．We admire the writer works have influenced countless young readers. 【答案】whose 【详解】句意：我们敬佩这位作品影响了无数青年读者的作家。此空引导定语从句，修饰先行词the writer。writer与works是所属关系，此空应是关系代词whose，作定语。 9．The story he told us yesterday is very touching and educational. 【答案】that/which 【详解】句意：他昨天给我们讲的这个故事十分感人且富有教育意义。此处考查限定性定语从句，先行词是story，指物，从句缺宾语，用关系代词that/which。 10．The student helps others willingly is popular among teachers and classmates. 【答案】who/that 【详解】句意：这位乐于助人的学生深受老师和同学们的喜爱。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The student指人，从句缺主语，需用关系代词who/that。 11．Guilin is the most beautiful place people all over the world want to visit. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：桂林是世界上最美丽的旅游胜地，世界各地的游客都渴望前来游览。此空引导定语从句修饰先行词place，在从句作宾语，指物，且先行词由最高级修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。 12．The factory has developed a new type of product has been popular since its launch. 【答案】that/which 【详解】句意：这家工厂研发出一种新产品，这款产品一经推出就备受欢迎。空处引导定语从句，先行词为表事物的product，定语从句缺少主语，关系代词用that/which。 13．She is the most hardworking student our class has ever had. 【答案】that 【详解】句意：她是我们班有史以来最勤奋的学生。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为the most hardworking student，student被最高级修饰，在从句中作宾语，只能用关系代词that引导。 14．She wants to reach young people might not otherwise have access to the arts and give them a voice through comics. 【答案】who/ that 【详解】句意：她想接触到原本可能无法接触艺术的年轻人，并通过漫画为他们发声。空处引导定语从句，先行词是young people，指人，从句中缺主语，用关系代词who或that。 15．People who seldom do sports or diet is high in fat will put on weight quickly. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：很少运动或饮食中脂肪含量高的人会很快发胖。本空引导定语从句，先行词是People，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作diet的定语，和diet是所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 16．The Great Wall is such a famous tourist attraction draws millions of people every year. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：长城是一个著名的旅游景点，每年吸引数百万人。空处引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词a famous tourist attraction，关系词在后面的定语从句中作主语，因为先行词前面有such修饰，所以此处用关系代词as引导。故填as。 17．Do you know the person and things they are talking about. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你知道他们谈论的人和事吗?分析句子可知，空格处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people and things，关系词代替先行词people and things在定语从句中作talking about后的宾语，应使用关系代词引导该定语从句；又因当先行词既指人又指物时，只能使用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 18．The old man is so hard-working a gardener quite a few gardens want to hire as a full-time worker. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位老人是一位非常勤奋的园丁，许多花园都想雇佣他做全职工人。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词a gardener，先行词指人，在定语从句中作hire的宾语，且前面有so，所以需要关系代词as引导该从句。故填as。 19．Where do you start? Here’s a handful of ways will set you in the right direction. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你从哪里开始？这里有一些方法可以让你走上正确的方向。空处引导定语从句，先行词ways，指物，关系词替代先行词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。 20．Those want to go on the riding trip please gather at the gate after school. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些想要去骑行旅行的人请在放学后在校门口集合。空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰先行词Those。先行词指人，在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。 21．The tallest building I have seen is the Empire State Building in New York. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我所见过的最高的建筑是纽约的帝国大厦。定语从句修饰先行词building，在从句作宾语，且由最高级修饰，只能用that。故填that。 22．His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period witnessed many important geographical findings. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他的航行揭开了大航海时代的新篇章，这一时期见证了许多重要的地理发现。本空引导定语从句，先行词为a period，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 23．In a society overstates mistakes, is it any wonder that so many young people attempt the impossible task of being perfect? 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在一个过分强调错误的社会里，那么多年轻人试图做到完美，这有什么好奇怪的呢？空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词society是社会，因此空格处用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。 24．Some people sign their name in a way is hard to be recognized. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有些人签名的方式很难被识别。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是way，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或者which。故填that/which。 25．The army came to dig out those were trapped beneath the buildings. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：军队来挖出那些被困在建筑物下的人。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 26．This is something positive I can do for them, which is what I like most about it. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：有一些我能为他们做的积极的事情，这就是我最喜欢的一点。此处引导定语从句，先行词为不定代词something positive，指物，定语从句中缺少宾语，故应用that引导，故填that。 27．This is the museum we visited last week, where there are many valuable paintings and sculptures. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我们上周参观的博物馆，那里有许多珍贵的绘画和雕塑。空处引导定语从句，先行词the museum，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。 28．Albert Einstein, theories are universally recognized, was a modest man. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：爱因斯坦是一个谦虚的人，他的理论是举世公认的。该空需要一个关系词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Albert Einstein，并指代先行词在从句中作定语，应填关系代词whose。故填whose。 29．Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame, she has become a scientist work is internationally renowned. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：句意: 尽管屠呦呦对名声不感兴趣，她已成为一位工作享誉国际的科学家。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词scientist，关系词在从句中作定语，scientist和work是所属关系，用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 30．The materials are needed for the experiment have already been ordered. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：实验所需的材料已经被订购了。句子谓语是have already been ordered，空处引导限定性定语从句修饰主语The materials，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that或which。 31．The organization aims to help those suffer from great losses in the pandemic(疫情). 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该组织旨在帮助那些在疫情中遭受重大损失的人。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词those，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。 32．The winner talked a lot about things and people helped him become a successful athlete. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：获胜者谈了很多帮助他成为一名成功运动员的事情和人。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是things and people，即指人又指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 33．The app uses AR to transform the way visitors interact with the park’s wildlife. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个软件使用AR改变了游客与公园野生动物互动的方式。此处引导定语从句，先行词为the way，定语从句中句式完整，故应用that/in which引导，故填that。 34．The reason for the decline in biodiversity is that the environment the species depend on is significantly threatened by development. 【答案】which/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：生物多样性下降的原因是，物种依赖的环境受到了发展的极大的威胁。此处引导定语从句，先行词为the environment，指物，定语从句中缺少宾语，故应用which/that引导，故填which/that。 35．One important factor to consider is the tremendous pressure comes with studying abroad. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：要考虑的一个重要因素是出国留学带来的巨大压力。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为pressure，作从句中的主语，表示物，用关系代词that/which引导从句。故填that/which。 36．A real friend is someone support we can count on whenever we are in need. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：一个真正的朋友是我们在需要的时候可以依靠的人。_________ support we can count on在句中作定语从句，先行词someone，指代 friend，关系词在从句中作定语，表“朋友的”故用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 37．It’s the only Thai restaurant ranks among the top 10 of the world’s 50 best restaurants list. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一家唯一跻身于世界50佳餐厅前十名的泰国餐厅。空格处引导定语从句，先行词为Thai restaurant，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，且先行词有the only修饰，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 38．Even though Britain has a reputation for less-than-impressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and recipe books frequently top the best seller lists. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意: 尽管英国食物不那么令人印象深刻，但英国正在培养更多的顶级厨师，他们经常出现在我们的电视屏幕上，其食谱经常位居畅销书榜首。根据空前定语从句who appear frequently on our television screens and可知，and并列两个限制性定语从句，共同修饰先行词more top class chefs，空处引导定语从句，关系词替代先行词在从句中作recipe books的定语，用关系代词whose。故填whose。 39．What is the unique opportunity the new project offers for the employees to enhance their professional skills? 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：新项目为员工提供了什么独特的机会来提高他们的专业技能？空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词opportunity，先行词指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作offers的宾语，应用关系代词that或which作引导词。故填that/which。 40．To be honest, Tibet is the most unforgettable place I have ever been to. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：老实说，西藏是我去过的最难忘的地方。此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为place， 被形容词最高级the most unforgettable修饰，且在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that引导从句。故填that。 二、完成句子 41．The way _____________________________________ was quite simple． 他解释那个问题的方法很简单。 【答案】(that/in which) he explained the question 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。分析句子结构，“他解释那个问题”是定语从句，the way是先行词，应用that/in which引导定语从句，关系词that/in which也可省略；短语“解释那个问题”explain the question；根据主句的一般过去时时态was quite simple，句子是叙述过去发生的事情，定语从句也用一般过去时。故填(that/in which) he explained the question。 42．The boy______________the earthquake was quickly taken to hospital. 那个双腿在地震中严重受伤的男孩被迅速送到了医院。 【答案】whose legs were badly injured in 【详解】考查定语从句、固定短语和时态。根据句意可知，空处为定语从句，用关系代词whose在从句中作定语修饰legs，whose legs在从句中做主语，为复数含义；表示“严重受伤”用固定短语be badly injured，在句中做谓语，且动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去式，注意主谓一致；表示“在地震中”用介词短语in the earthquake。故填whose legs were badly injured in。 43．汤姆是唯一一位去过上海的学生。 Tom is the only one of the students _______________. 【答案】who has ever been to Shanghai 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。分析句子可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词是the only one of the students，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导定语从句，且根据汉语提示可知，从句使用现在完成时have done形式，表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，关系词替代先行词，one of + 可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词用单数，从句谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式has ever been。故填who has ever been to Shanghai。 44．那边在树下读书的男孩是谁？ Who is the boy__________________over there? 【答案】(that is) reading under the tree 【详解】考查定语从句或非谓语动词。本题可以用定语从句或现在分词作定语。故填(that is) reading under the tree。 45．英语是你这些年里要学的最难的一门学科。 English is the most difficult subject ____________________. 【答案】that you will learn during these years 【详解】考查定语从句。句中形容词最高级修饰先行词，故用关系代词that，根据句意用一般将来时。故填that you will learn during these years。 46．这就是那位父母亲在地震中丧生的年轻人。 This is the young man__________________in the earthquake. 【答案】whose parents were lost 【详解】考查定语从句。句中先行词为the young man，在定语从句中作定语，故用关系代词whose。注意时态用一般过去时。故填whose parents were lost。 47．正如所料,他终于成功地爬到了山顶。 ________,he succeeded in climbing to the top at last. 【答案】As was expected 【详解】考查as引导的定语从句。根据汉语提示可知，这里使用定语从句，he succeeded in climbing to the top at last是先行成分，在从句作主语，使用关系代词as引导定语从句，从句谓语为was expected。故填As was expected。 48．This is the reason ______________________. 这是我想知道的原因。 【答案】(that/which) I want to know 【详解】考查定语从句。分析句意可知，the reason后需要定语从句。根据主句谓语is以及句意，可知，从句用一般现在时态。“我想知道”表达为I want to know。先行词the reason，指物，充当从句中know后的宾语，所以定语从句用关系代词that或which引导，也可省略，故填(that/which) I want to know. 49．使我感到吃惊的不是他说话的内容,而是他说话的方式。 What surprised me was not what he said but ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 the way he said it 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。根据汉语句意，“他说话的方式”可处理成定语从句修饰名词的结构。“方式”用名词way表示,“他说话的”处理为定语从句；“他说话”已经发生，因此定语从句中应使用一般过去时态；way表示“方式”时，其后定语从句有in which/that/省略三种引导方式，结合题干中5个设空，可译为“the way he said it”，其中“he said it”意思是“他说事情”，作后置定语修饰先行词way，省略关系词。故填①the②way③he④said⑤it。 50．你忘了，有天晚上，有个坏家伙想绑架你，你却在他被惩罚时对他表示友善。 You have forgotten an unfortunate person ________ ________ ________ ________ you one night, this same person to whom you showed kindness when he was being punished. 【答案】 who/that attempted to kidnap 【详解】考查定语从句。根据中文意思可知，句子“（坏家伙）想绑架你”修饰an unfortunate person，要用定语从句来表达；定语从句描述的过去某一次发生的事情，所以要用一般过去时；分析定语从句句子成分可知，从句主语是an unfortunate person，指人，所以要用关系代词who或that来代替；谓语动词为“试图”，“试图做某事”译为attempt to do sth，attempt的过去式为attempted，“绑架”译为kidnap。故填who/that attempted to kidnap。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $