Unit 1 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage & Integrated skills（课件PPT）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（译林版）

该高中英语课件围绕“Back to school”主题，系统讲解句子成分（主、谓、宾等）和五种基本句型，结合例句解析与“对点集训”巩固语法基础，同时聚焦倡议书写作，涵盖文体结构、模板短语及典题示例，构建从语法到写作的学习支架。 其亮点在于语法部分通过“名师点津”实例分析培养语言理解能力（语言能力），写作环节以结构化模板引导逻辑表达（思维品质），分层练习设计助力学生主动应用策略（学习能力）。学生能系统掌握语法与写作技能，教师可借助完整资源提升教学效率。

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage & Integrated skills Unit 1　Back to school 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 语法精讲•技能培养 01 写作培优•妙笔生花 02 随堂演练•巩固提升 03 课时作业•知能达标 04 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 语法精讲•技能培养 栏目导航 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 S＋vi. S＋V＋P S＋vt.＋O S＋vt.＋IO＋DO S＋vt.＋O＋OC 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 You should study hard. She went home very late yesterday evening. 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 I wrote a letter last night. I want to talk with you this afternoon. 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 My brothers are all college students. In winter，the days are short and the nights are long. 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 Grandma told me an interesting story last night. Mr.Johnson taught us German last year. 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 His parents named him John. We call her Alice. 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 写作培优•妙笔生花 栏目导航 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 随堂演练•巩固提升 栏目导航 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 focusing details Based reminded 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 proposals to aims of tips materials 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 based his conclusions on will be based on 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 reminds me of remind him to was to remind him about 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 课时作业•知能达标 栏目导航 课时作业•知能达标 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 谢谢观看 栏目导航 Unit 1　Back to school 1 句子成分和句子结构 一、句子成分 句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语、定语、状语、表语等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。 (1)主语：是一个句子的主体，是全句述说的对象，常用名词，数词或代词担任，一般放于句首。 Students study.学生学习。 We are friends.我们是朋友。 这两句话中单词students是个名词，we是代词，它们在句中作主语。 (2)谓语：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。 Students study.学生学习。 We are friends.我们是朋友。 这两句话中单词study和are都是动词，study叫作实意动词，are叫作be动词，它们在句中作谓语。 (3)宾语：表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。 They are teachers.他们是老师。 I play with him.我和他一起玩。 这两句话中单词teachers是名词，单词him是代词，它们在句中作宾语。 (4)定语：是用来说明或者限制名词的成分，常用形容词或者相当于形容词的短语或从句担任。形容词放在名词之前，相当于形容词的短语或从句放在名词的后面。 This is a red sun.这是个红太阳。 He is a tall boy.他是个高个子男孩。 这两句话中单词red和 tall都是形容词，它们作定语。 (5)状语：是用来说明动词，形容词，副词或整个句子的成分，常由副词担任。修饰动词时可以放在动词之前，也可以放在动词之后；修饰形容词或副词时放在它们之前。 The students study hard.这些学生学习努力。 I often write to him.我常给他写信。 The bag is too heavy.这个书包太重了。 这三句话中单词hard 和often修饰的都是动词，第三句话中单词too修饰的是形容词，它们都作状语。 (6)表语：用来说明主语的性质或状态。一般由名词或者形容词担任。 This table is long.这个桌子是长的。 [名师点津]　 通常情况下，主语和宾语前的成分是定语，谓语前的成分是状语，时间词作状语放在句子后面。句子的成分分布如下： (定语) 主语 (状语) 谓语 (定语) 宾语 (状语) (The tall)boy (often)go (to the big)zoo. (The happy)child—went home yesterday. [对点集训1] 请分析下面句子的结构，说出各个成分 ① .我有两个姐姐。 ② .他们游泳不太好。 ③ .史密斯小姐教英语非常好。 二、句子结构 英语句子的构成有其特定的规律，掌握了句子的基本句型，就能写出完整、正确的句子。 由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)所构成的句子叫简单句。根据句子的基本结构，简单句分为五种基本句型： (1)S＋vi.(主语＋不及物动词) 万物都在变。 . 飞机已经抵达。 . (2)S＋vt.＋O(主语＋及物动词＋宾语) 我喜欢英语。 . 他们在看书。 . (3)S＋V＋P(主语＋连系动词＋表语) 我母亲是个科学家。 . 她看上去很年轻。 . (4)S＋vt.＋IO＋DO(主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语) 我母亲昨天给我买了本字典。 yesterday. 你能给我那本数学书吗？ ？ (5)S＋vt.＋O＋OC(主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋补语) 我们必须保持教室干净、整洁。 . 我母亲要求我尽可能多地讲英语。 . [名师点津]　 (1)在S＋V＋P(主语＋连系动词＋表语)结构中最常用的系动词是be，look(看起来)，sound(听起来)，smell(闻起来)，taste(尝起来)，feel(摸起来，感到)，seem(似乎，好像)，appear(显得，好像)，remain(仍是)，keep(保持)，become(变得，成为)，turn(变得，成为)，get(变得)，go(变得)等表示状态和变化的词，而充当表语的词语则有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语和非谓语动词等。 (2)动词后接宾语时应该用及物动词，若动词不及物则须在动词后再加上合适的介词。 What are you looking for? (3)可接双宾语的常见动词有：ask，answer，give，offer，send，bring，pass，tell，show，teach，promise等。 [对点集训2] 指出下列句子的基本类型 ①They are listening.________ ②My mother is fifty now.___________ ③I have bought three books.____________ ④My friend gave me a birthday present._________________ ⑤I painted the wall white._________________ 按要求翻译下列句子 (1)主谓结构(S＋V) ①你应当努力学习。 _____________________ ②她昨天回家很晚。 ____________________________________ (2)主谓宾结构(S＋V＋O) ③昨晚我写了一封信。 _______________________ ④今天下午我想同你谈谈。 ________________________________ (3)主系表结构(S＋V＋P ) ⑤我的兄弟都是大学生。 _______________________________ ⑥ 冬季白天短，夜晚长。 _____________________________________________ (4)双宾语结构(S＋V＋IO＋DO ) ⑦Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。 __________________________________ ⑧奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。 ________________________________________ (5)复合宾语结构(S＋V＋O＋OC) ⑨我们叫她Alice. __________________ ⑩他的父母给他取名为John. ___________________________ 倡议书 一、文体特点 倡议书是公开提倡某种做法，倡导某项活动，鼓动别人响应的一种信函文书。倡议书分为个人倡议书和集体倡议书两种。倡议书的结构为：标题、正文、署名和日期。高考一般只考查正文部分。 二、审题谋篇 倡议书的正文内容一般要包括三部分： 第一部分：开头，简明扼要地写出倡议的目的、意义和有关背景，让人们懂得“为什么”要去做所倡议的活动。只有了解了活动的目的、意义，人们才会自觉地行动起来。 第二部分：主体，写倡议的主要内容和具体措施，即写“做什么”和“怎么做”。这是倡议书的核心部分。这部分最好用条款式分别列出，交代清楚，让响应者有所遵循，清楚要做什么和怎么去做，要写得明确、清晰。 第三部分：结尾，写倡议者的决心和希望。这部分要写得热情洋溢，富于鼓舞性，最好能提出一个能概括全文主旨的响亮、有力的口号，让响应者容易记住倡议的主要内容，并受到鼓舞。 三、知识储备 ★常用模板和短语 1．段首常用语： (1)I think/suggest we should... (2)In my opinion，we had better... (3)In order to..., I advise... (4)It is required that we... 2．段中常用语： (1)I'm calling for your active participation in... (2)Do you cherish precious opportunities to volunteer in...? (3)I think we should follow the following advice. (4)Here is a great one not to be missed by any enthusiastic youth. 3．段尾常用语： (1)It's time that we should do something to... (2)Let's join our hands and take action immediately. (3)In my opinion，we should be polite and spare no effort to do something... (4)Only in this way can we succeed. 假设你是学校学生会的一员，为了拥有一个更美好的校园，你发出了全员环保的倡议，并制作了如下图的海报。 [写作内容] 请根据海报内容写一份倡议书，内容包括： 1．环保是我们中学生义不容辞的责任； 2．列出我们可以养成的环保好习惯； 3．让我们人人都为地球母亲尽一份绵薄之力吧。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear friends， ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ Thank you! The Students' Union [思路点拨] 一、审题定调 1．确定体裁：本文是倡议书； 2．确定人称：本文的主要人称为第一人称； 3．确定时态：倡议书一般以一般现在时为主。 二、基本结构 开头： 用一句话引出倡议目的，并以这句话作为文章的开头句，达到开篇点题的作用。 主体： 具体谈谈倡议的内容。 结尾： 用一句话引出呼吁的内容。 [词汇热身] 1．in order to为了 2．fulfill an obligation/a task履行义务 3．are supposed to应该 4．stick to the habit坚持……的习惯 5．are required to应该(被要求) 6．picking up any litter捡垃圾 7．it is high time that是……的时候了 [主要句式] 1．In order to fulfill our obligation to protect the environment，we are supposed to follow the following ecological codes. 为履实行我们环保的义务，我们应该养成以下的环保习惯。 2．It is suggested/advised that we stick to the habit of walking to school. 有人建议我们坚持走路上学的习惯。 3．It would be better if we recycle everything recyclable and cherish our school's environment by picking up any litter and turning off the taps and the lights. 如果我们回收一切可回收之物并通过捡起垃圾爱护校园环境、关灯和关水龙头，那就更好了。 4．It is high time that we should contribute to the prosperity of our mother— the earth. 是我们人人都为地球母亲尽一份绵薄之力的时候了。 [连句成篇] Dear friends， Do you want to live in a beautiful world？So it is our obligation to maintain the ecological balance.To fulfill this task，we should bear the following ecological codes in mind.First，while sticking to the habit of walking to school，we required to recycle everything recyclable.To cherish our school's environment we are supposed to pick up any litter.Turning off the taps and the lights is another good habit for environmental protection.It is high time that we should take action now and contribute to the prosperity of our mother—the earth. Thank you! The Students' Union 近年来，随着科技的发展，可用于学习的电子产品也越来越多，学生的汉字书写能力大大降低。假定你是李华，是校书法协会的会长，为了让同学们重视书写，你打算向校报“英语天地”栏目投稿，写一封倡议书，内容包括： 1．减少对电子产品的依赖，多动手记笔记； 2．养成练书法和写日记的习惯。 注意：1.词数80左右(开头语已给出，不计入总词数)； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear students， With the development of technology，more and more students tend to use electric products for taking notes，rather than writing on the paper. [参考范文] Dear students， With the development of technology，more and more students tend to use electric products for taking notes，rather than writing on the paper.As a consequence，our handwriting is not as good as it was in the past.To solve this problem，we should do as follows： First，we should use less electric products while learning so that we can have more chances to improve our handwriting.Also it is necessary that we form the habit of practicing calligraphy and keeping a diary every day.What's more，it is better to write letters to our relatives and friends by hand.Beautiful and neat handwriting is beneficial to us students.So let's take action right now！I'm sure our efforts will eventually pay off! Calligraphy Association Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The secretary forgot to type the letter，________(focus)on reading an interesting report. 2．I shall postpone making a decision until I learn full _______(detail). 3．_____(base)on the ratings，I finally decided on Huawei Mate instead of iPhone X. 4．Even if they are_________(remind)not to drive after drinking，some drivers are still trying their luck，which is really dangerous. 5．The _________(proposal)are an attempt to return to simpler times. 6．I stick __ riding a bike because it is environmentally friendly and cheap. 7．His brother ____(aim)to be a policeman. 8．Diamonds are made as a result __ great volcanic heat and pressure. 9．It shows how to prepare a resume，and gives_____(tip)on applying for jobs. 10．The _________(material) are soft and comfortable to wear. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．He ________________________ the evidence given by the captured prisoners. 他根据被俘囚犯提供的证据得出了这个结论。 2．Grades for each course_________________ participation and tests，including a final examination. 每门课的分数将以参与度和考试成绩为根据，包括一个期终考试。 3．This _____________ Christmas parties. 这让我想起圣诞聚会。 4．You must _____________ take his medicine，in case he forgets. 你要提醒他吃药，别让他忘了。 5．The note ________________________something he had to explain to one of his students. 这张字条是要提醒他得向他的一个学生解释某件事情。 Ⅲ.语法填空 According to a review of evidence in a medical journal，runners live three years 1.________ (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 2.________ (see) the benefit.You may drink，smoke，be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3.________ (die) early by running. While running regularly can't make you live forever，the review says it 4.________ (be) more effective at lengthening life 5.________ walking，cycling or swimming.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6.________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7.________ (cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do.But otherwise...it's probably running.To avoid knee pain，you can run on soft surfaces，do exercises to 8.________ (strength)your leg muscles (肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes.Running is cheap，easy and it's always 9.________(energy).If you are time-poor，you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports，so perhaps we should all give 10.________ a try. [语篇解读]　本文主要介绍了跑步的益处，培养学生有效地陈述事件、传递信息以及表达个人观点和情感的能力，并引导学生积极运动，关注身心健康，进而形成积极向上的生活态度。 1．解析　考查副词。句中有than，故用long的比较级longer。 答案　longer 2．解析　考查非谓语动词。本句有谓语，因此此处应用非谓语动词；分析句子结构及句意可知，此处应用动词不定式to see作目的状语。 答案　to see 3．解析　考查非谓语动词。短语reduce one's risk of...表示“降低某人……的风险”，介词of后跟动词作宾语时要用其-ing形式。 答案　dying 4．解析　考查时态和主谓一致。本文主体时态为一般现在时，本句中宾语从句也应用一般现在时；且宾语从句的主语为it，故用is。 答案　is 5．解析　考查介词。此处表示跑步比散步、骑行或游泳更能有效地延长生命。根据句中的more可知，此处应用介词than引出比较对象。故填than。 答案　than 6．解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为a study，指物，且定语从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词that/ which。 答案　that/which 7．解析　考查名词。 此处cause是可数名词，意为“原因”，句中的all表示“所有”，其后应用可数名词的复数形式，故填causes。 答案　causes 8．解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故本空应填动词strengthen，意为“增强，加强”。 答案　strengthen 9．解析　考查形容词。and连接两个并列分句，and前面的cheap和easy均为形容词，故空处应用形容词energetic作表语，意为“需要能量的，剧烈的”。 答案　energetic 10．解析　考查固定搭配。give it a try为固定搭配，意为“试一试”，根据语境可知，it指代running。 答案　it $$