Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Extended reading & Project & Assessment and Further study（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（译林版）

本讲义聚焦高中英语核心语言知识与主题阅读，系统梳理重点词汇（含基础词如theme、quality及拓展词形转换如respect→respectful→respectable）、短语（如through thick and thin、bring out）、句型（如though引导让步状语从句、as引导时间状语从句），并结合友谊主题阅读构建从语言知识到语用能力的学习支架。 资料亮点在于通过词汇拓展训练提升语言能力，阅读问题设计（如段落大意匹配、细节回答）培养思维品质，多样化练习（单句语法填空、完成句子）助力学习能力。课中辅助教师系统授课，课后帮助学生巩固知识、查漏补缺，实现语言知识与主题理解的融合提升。

Section Ⅲ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment and Further study [对应学生用书P66] Ⅰ.重点单词 基础单词 1．theme n.主题；主旋律 2．quality n.品德；素质；质量；特征adj.优质的，高质量的 3．efficient adj.效率高的，有功效的 4．seek vi.试图；寻找；争取vt.寻求；寻找 5．comfort n.舒服；安慰vt.宽慰；抚慰 6．well­meaning adj.出于好心的；善意的 7．thorough adj.彻底的；全面的；仔细的 8．extra adj.额外的；分外的；附加的adv.额外；另外；特别 9．company n.陪伴；作伴；公司 10．crowd n.一伙人，一帮人；人群vt.挤满vi.聚集；挤；涌 拓展词汇 1．slave n.奴隶→slavery n.奴隶制 2．respect n.& vt.尊敬；尊重→respectful尊敬的；有礼貌的→respectfully有礼貌地→respectable adj.体面的；得体的；值得尊敬的 3．reflection n.沉思；发射；映像；反映→reflect vt.&vi.反映；映出(影像)；反射(声、光、热等)；显示；表明；认真思考；沉思→reflective adj.(表)反射热的；反光的；沉思的 4．comfort n.& vt.舒服；安慰；宽慰；抚慰→comfortable adj.舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的→comfortably adv.舒服地；安逸地→discomfort n.& v.不舒服；不自在；使不舒服 5．joy n.快乐→joyful adj.快乐的 6．failure n.失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障→fail vt.&vi.失败；未能做到；未履行；不及格；失灵；出故障；衰退 7．recognize v.承认，意识到；认出；辨别出；赏识→recognition n.承认；认可；赏识；赞赏；认出；识别 8．death n.死亡；死亡状态→die vi.死亡→dead adj.死的；失去生命的；枯萎的→deadly adj.致命的；致死的；极度的；彻底的→dying adj.垂死的；濒临死亡的 9．company n.陪伴；作伴；公司→accompany vt.陪伴 10．admire vt.钦佩；欣赏→admiration n.钦佩；赞赏；羡慕→admirable adj.可钦佩的；值得赞赏的；令人羡慕的 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．high point　最有意思或最令人愉快、最好的部分 2．through thick and thin　不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦 3．in one's opinion　在某人看来 4．get over　克服，恢复常态 5．bring out　使显现，使表现出 6．smooth out　消除问题，克服困难 7．be meant to do...　注定要做某事，应做某事 8．take on　呈现，具有 9．in full measure　最大程度地，最大限度地 10．point out　指明；指出 Ⅲ.重点句型 1．In Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn，the friendship which/that forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book，though they appear to be an unlikely pair． 在马克·吐温的《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》中，哈克·费恩和吉姆的友谊是本书的重要主题，虽然他们看起来不太会成为一对朋友。 2．However，when we seek to be alone，we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world. 然而，在我们寻求独处的时候，我们必须小心，不要总是逃避到自己的世界里去。 3．I'll always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure myself by these standards as our friendship develops． 随着我们的友谊的发展，我会重视这些品质并努力地用这些标准来衡量自己。 4．Finally，it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends． 最后，应该指出，与一群人在一起和与朋友在一起，不是一回事。 [对应学生用书P67] What are the three “fruits” of close friendships? 1．The peace that comes from sharing with friends our joy，sadness，success and failure. 2．The better understanding and judgement that may be achieved through conversations with well­meaning and wise friends. 3．The help that a friend may offer in many different ways. Ⅰ.Scan the text and match the main idea of each part. 1．Part 1 (Paras.1～2) 2．Part 2 (Paras.3～5) 3．Part 3 (Para.6) A．Advice on making friends B．The importance of friendship C．The three “fruits” of friendship 答案　1.B　2.C　3.A Ⅱ.Read the text and find the answers to the following questions. 1．Why do we sometimes wish to be alone with our own thoughts? 答案　Because quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement. 2．Who can make us happier，wiser and more satisfied with human being according to Paragraph 2? 答案　Our friends. 3．Where does the peace come from? 答案　It comes from sharing with friends our joy，sadness，success and failure. 4．How can we gain true friendships? 答案　Friends should be carefully chosen and relationships carefully developed. Fill in the blanks according to the text. Sometimes we may wish to be alone with our thoughts，for quiet periods of 1.reflection (reflect) can lead to personal improvement.2.However，social life is also important to us.More often than 3.not，close friendship will help 4.smooth (smoothly) out the rocky roads.Friendships are 5.beneficial (benefit) to us in many ways.First，we can gain peace by sharing our joy，sadness，success and 6.failure (fail) with our friends.Second，friendships enable us to understand and judge someone or something better.7.Third，we can get help from our friends.It must be noted that enjoying the 8.company (accompany) of a crowd is not the same as 9.being (be) with friends.In a word，friends should be carefully 10.chosen (choose) and relationships carefully developed. [核心词汇·练透] [对应学生用书P68] basis n.(pl.bases)基础；原因；基准 (1)on the basis of...　因为……的原因 on the basis that...　因……的缘由 (2)base vt.　以……为基础 n.　基础；基地；根据地 base...on.../upon　把……建立在……的基础之上 be based on...　以……为基础或根据 (3)作状语的时候，只能用based on...或basing...on... ①Remember，even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis. 请记住，即使是世界冠军级的运动员，他们训练技巧也是持续不断的。 ②Some videos have been banned on the basis that they are too violent. 有些录像带因暴力镜头过多而被查禁。 ③He based his opinion on the facts. 他的观点是以事实为基础的。 [即学活用]　 单句语法填空 ①Their relationship was based (base)on mutual respect. ②Each of you may choose one or two of your favorite subjects based (base)on your own needs. 写出下列黑体词的意思 ③In 1849，he went to England and made London the base for his revolutionary base.基地 ④The basis of a good marriage is trust.基础 respect vt.尊重；尊敬n.尊重；敬意；问候；方面 (1)have/show respect for　尊敬；尊重；重视 give/send respects to sb　向某人问候 in every respect/in all respects　在各方面 in respect of/with respect to　关于 out of respect　出于尊敬 (2)respectable adj.　可敬的；值得尊敬的；体面的 respectful adj.　表示敬意的；尊敬的 respective adj.　各自的；分别的 ①If you don't respect yourself，how can you expect others to respect you? 自己不自重，又怎能受到别人的尊重呢？ ②Students should show respect for their teachers. 学生要尊敬老师。 ③This proposal is excellent in all respects. 这个提议在各个方面都很棒。 [名师点津]　respect作动词时，通常不用进行时态。 [语境串记]　Our English teacher always respects our opinions.Everyone in our class says he is a respectable teacher and we should be respectful to him. 我们的英语老师总是尊重我们的意见。我们班每一个学生都说他是一个值得尊敬的老师，我们应该尊敬他。 [即学活用]　 单句语法填空 ①The youngsters are to be taught to have respect for social moral standards. ②While there is no law stating how you may dress，not all fashions are respectable(respect). ③“We're so pleased to meet you at last，” he said in a respectful (respect) tone of voice. 完成句子 ④With respect to/In respect of your request，I am not yet able to agree. 至于你的要求，我还不能同意。 ⑤The children in our family are always respectful to their elders. 我们家的孩子对长辈总是恭恭敬敬的。 ⑥I thought I should talk to you in person，out of respect． 出于对你的尊重，我觉得我应该与你当面谈谈。 bring out使显现；使更加自信；生产；出版；阐明 bring in　引入，吸引 bring on　帮助(学习者)进步，促进提高；使发展；导致(通常是坏事) bring down　打垮；击败；减少；降低；使……着陆 bring up　抚养；养育 bring forward　将(……的日期或时间)提前 [即学活用]　 用适当的介、副词填空 ①We aim to bring down the prices on all of our computers. ②We need to bring in more new business. ③He was suffering from stress brought on by overwork. ④The meeting has been brought forward from 10 May to 3 May. ⑤He worked hard to bring up 5 children. ⑥The band have just brought out their second album. ⑦She's a shy girl who needs friends to bring her out of herself. measure vt.估量，判定；测量vi.(指尺寸、长、宽、高等)量度为n.措施；衡量；尺度 (1)be measured by/in　用……来衡量/计算 measure...by　用……来衡量 (2)take measures/steps/action to do sth　采取措施做某事 make...to sb's measure　按某人的尺寸做…… for good measure　额外地；附加地 in full measure　最大程度地；最大限度地 [名师点津]　measure作名词表示“措施”时，常用其复数形式。作动词表示“有……长/宽/高”时，为不及物动词，不用于被动语态和进行时态；若此意义的短语作后置定语，要用动词-ing形式。 Our classroom measures 6 meters by 10 meters. 我们的教室长10米宽6米。 [即学活用]　写出下列句中measure的含义 ①The center has over 300 scientists devoted to finding effective measures that will stop desertification.措施 ②This line measures four times as long as that one.量度为 ③It seemed as if the suit was made to his own measure.尺寸，尺度 ④It's difficult to measure the success of the campaign at this stage.估量 ⑤Did you measure the distance between the two development zones？测量 完成句子 ⑥In the old days，my mother always made new clothes to my own measure (照着我的尺寸)with Spring Festival coming. ⑦Right now，the government should take powerful measures (采取强有力的措施)to push the state's economy forward. ⑧Education should not be measured purely by/in examination results (单纯用考试结果来衡量). escape vi.&vt.逃跑；逃离；逃脱；避免；避开；被遗忘；被忽视n.逃离；逃脱 (1)escape (doing) sth　逃避(做)某事 escape from　从……逃跑/逃脱 escape punishment＝ escape being punishment　逃脱惩罚 escape one's attention/notice　逃过某人的注意 sth escape(s) sb　某物被某人遗忘；未被注意 (2)fire escape　太平梯；安全梯；安全出口 make one's escape　逃跑 a narrow/near escape　九死一生 ①To my surprise，he was able to escape from that big fire. 令我惊讶的是，他能够从那场大火里逃脱出来。 ②You were lucky enough to escape punishment. 你们的运气很好，免受惩罚。 ③He hoped it wouldn't be too long before he could make his escape. 他希望很快就能逃脱。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空 ①Peter survived in the accident when he fell over board yesterday.He narrowly escaped being drowned (drown). ②To their relief，their students narrowly escaped from the shaking building. ③I saw a familiar face in the crowd，whose name escaped (escape) me for the moment. be meant to do注定要做某事；应做某事 (1)mean to do...　打算做…… mean doing...　意味着…… be meant/intended for...　为……计划，准备 be meant to do/be intended to do...　注定做……，旨在做…… had meant/intended to do.../meant/intended to have done　本打算做(实际未做) I mean　我的意思是 What do you mean (by...)?　你(这样做)是什么意思？ (2)means n.　方式；手段(单复数同形) by no means　绝不(放在句首，句子需倒装) by all means　当然可以(常用于情境交际) [即学活用]　 单句语法填空 ①Missing the flight means waiting (wait)for another three hours. ②I'm sorry but I didn't mean to hurt (hurt) you. ③The book was meant for the children. ④I meant to have attended (attend) your birthday party yesterday，but I was too busy. ⑤I've tried very hard to improve my English.But by no means (mean) is the teacher satisfied with my progress. benefit vt.& vi.使受益；得益于n.优势；益处；成效 (1)benefit sb/sth　对……有益 benefit by/from...　得益于…… (2)be of benefit to　对……有益 for sb's benefit＝for the benefit of sb 为了某人的利益；为帮助某人 (3)beneficial adj.　有益的；受益的 be beneficial to　对……有益；对……有好处 ①I feel that I have benefited greatly from her wisdom. 我觉得从她的睿智中我获益颇多。 ②This dictionary will be of great benefit to me. 这部字典将对我有很大益处。 ③The park was built there for the benefit of the public. 那儿建造公园是为了公众的利益。 ④In my opinion，this project is beneficial to everyone. 依我看，这项工程对每个人都有好处。 [即学活用]　用适当的介词填空 ①Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but for Thomas Edison. ②China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals for the benefit of all its citizens. ③However，forgiveness is possible，and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. 句型转换 ④We should spend the money on something that will benefit everyone. →We should spend the money on something that everyone will benefit from． ⑤In my opinion，this project is of great benefit to everyone. →In my opinion，this project is beneficial to everyone. take on呈现；具有；承担；雇佣；接纳 take over　夺取；接管；控制；占上风 take away　拿走；夺走 take down　写下；记下；拆卸 take up　占据；开始从事；继续；拿起 take out　拿出；去除 take in　吸收；理解；欺骗；收容 take off　起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功 take to　开始喜爱 take after　像 take back　退回；撤回；使回想起 ①As I grew older and became a mother，the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. 随着我长大并成为一个母亲，图书馆在我的生活中有了新的位置和意义。 ②No other organisation was able or willing to take on the job. 没有任何别的组织有能力或愿意承担此项工作。 ③I know how busy you must be and naturally I won't want to take up too much of your time. 我知道你一定很忙，我不会占用你太多的时间。 [即学活用]　 用适当的介、副词填空 ①Our plane takes off at six this afternoon. ②The big sofa takes up too much room in our sitting room. ③The farmer took on more workers during the harvest. ④Who will take over the company as the new chairman. ⑤How many teeth did the dentist take out? ⑥Halfway through the chapter I realized I hadn't taken anything in． ⑦Reporters took down every word of his inspiring speech. ⑧ Your daughter doesn't take after you at all. ⑨He doesn't take to his new school. ⑩The smell of the sea took him back to his childhood. recognize vt.承认；意识到；认出；赏识；赞赏；公认 (1)recognize sb/sth by/from...　根据……认出某人/物 be recognized to be/as...　被认为是……；被认作…… It is generally recognized that...　人们公认…… (2)recognition n.　认识；认出 out of/beyond recognition　认不出来 in recognition of　承认；认可 [即学活用]　用适当的介、副词填空 ①My hometown has changed beyond recognition since I left here last time. ②Although he hadn't seen his friend Jack for years，he recognized him by/from his voice. ③Since 1958，they have been recognized as the national theatre of Israel. 句型转换 ④Traffic jam is recognized to have become one serious problem to citizens. →It is recognized that traffic jam has become one serious problem to citizens. company n.[C]公司[U]陪伴，交往 (1)in company with　与……一起，与……同时 keep sb company　陪伴某人 (2)accompany vt.　陪伴，陪同；伴随；为……伴奏 be accompanied by　伴随……，由……陪同 accompany sb at/on sth　用……为某人伴奏 (3)companion n.　伙伴，伴侣；同伴 ①Now，we have our smart phones to keep us company at the table. 现在，我们有智能手机陪我们吃饭。 ②His brother works for a large oil company. 他哥哥在一家大型石油公司工作。 ③She was accompanied by an experienced ski instructor and she learnt very quickly. 她由一个有经验的滑雪教练陪伴，学得很快。 [即学活用]　单句语法填空 ①While she was singing on the stage，her mother was accompanying her on/at the piano. ②Physical beauty must also be accompanied (accompany) by an attraction to something deeper within a person. ③Don't worry.I will keep you company (company) all the time. [重点句型·通关] [对应学生用书P73] [教材P35]In Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn，the friendship which/that forms between Huck Finn and Jim is an important theme of the book，though they appear to be an unlikely pair． 在马克·吐温的《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》中，哈克·费恩和吉姆的友谊是本书的重要主题，虽然他们看起来不太会成为一对朋友。 be unlikely to do.../it is unlikely that...……是不可能的 ①The weather is unlikely to clear up in a few days. →It is unlikely that the weather will clear up in a few days. 几天内天气可能都不会放晴。 be likely to do...　某人/某物可能做…… It is likely that...　可能…… not likely　不可能 It is possible (for sb)to do...　(对于某人来说)……是可能的 It is possible/likely/probable that...　……是可能的 [即学活用]　 用possible，likely，probable，unlikely 填空 ①It is possible for her to work out the maths problem in such a short time because she is very clever. ②Which are you more likely to have with you at any given moment—your telephone or your wallet? ③It is possible/likely/probable that they will come to attend the meeting. ④The project was too difficult so it was unlikely to be finished in such a short time. [教材P37]I'll always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure myself by these standards as our friendship develops． 随着我们的友谊的发展，我会重视这些品质并努力用这些标准来衡量自己。 句中as “随着”，引导时间状语从句。可转换成I'll always value these qualities of a good friend and try to measure myself by these standards with our friendship developing. as 还可引导原因、让步、方式、比较等状语从句 ①Young as he is，he is equal to the task. 尽管他很年轻，他能胜任这个任务。 ②It's very difficult to know what to do as we are not his teachers. 很难知道该做什么，因为我们不是他的老师。 ③We should learn a foreign language as Mr.Wang does. 我们应该照着王先生的方法去学一门外语。 ④You know as much about that as I do. 对于那件事情，你了解的和我一样多。 [即学活用]　 写出画线的as的意思以及引导什么状语从句 ①As she sang，tears ran down her cheeks.一边，在……时候(时间) ②Crowded as the restaurant was，they tried to find a table.尽管(让步) ③As Lily had a passion for walking，we set off on foot.因为(原因) ④She cooks fish as her mother does.按照(方式) ⑤I haven't done as much as I should have liked.像……一样(比较) [对应学生用书P74] Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The bridge，measuring (measure)1，000 meters，is very long. 2．The peace talks between the two countries broke down without any agreements reached. 3．Taking exercise regularly is beneficial (benefit)to our health. 4．After a long reflection(reflect)，we decided to buy that house. 5．The two groups were similar with respect to income and status. 6．I failed (failure)in my attempt to persuade her，which disappointed me. 7．They lay on the beach comfortably (comfort)，laughing and talking. 8．I have great admiration (admire)as she is a great writer. 9．Fortunately，the soldier escaped being shot (shoot) by the enemy. 10．The furniture is too large，taking (take)up too much space of the room. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．As economy develops(随着经济的发展)，China is becoming more and more powerful. 2．He is unlikely to finish the job on time (他不太可能准时完成那个工作)because he is too lazy. 3．She had meant to go to/meant to have gone to Mary's birthday party(她本打算去玛丽的生日派对的)but an unexpected visitor came. 4．It must be pointed that (必须指出)he is the very person who is fit for the job. 5．Based on figures (以数据为依据)from six different European cities，the report can surely hold water (站得住脚). 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$