Unit 4 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas（Word教参）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（外研版）

Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas [对应学生用书P99] AFTER TWENTY YEARS BY O．HENRY The short story “After Twenty Years” is set in① New York on a cold, dark night.Most people have left work to go home, and this part of the city is now quiet.A policeman who is checking② the area sees a man outside a shop.He goes up to③ the man and finds he has a scar④ on his face.They have a chat and the man starts to tell his story. “Twenty years ago tonight，” said the man，“I dined⑤ here at ‘Big Joe’ Brady's with Jimmy Wells, [1]my best chum⑥， and the finest chap⑦ in the world．He and I were raised here in New York, just like two brothers, together.I was eighteen and Jimmy was twenty.The next morning I was to⑧ start⑨ for the West to make my fortune⑩.You[2]couldn't have dragged Jimmy out of⑪ New York；he thought it was the only place on earth.[3]Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our conditions⑫ might be or from what distance we might have to come．[4]We figured⑬ that in twenty years each of us ought to⑭ have our destiny⑮ worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.” [1]此处为Jimmy Wells的同位语，起解释说明的作用。 [2]此处为“couldn't have done...”结构，表示对过去已经发生的事情的推测；“could have done...”表示过去有能力做，但没有做。 [3]本句中“we agreed that night”是主句，第二个that引导宾语从句，该宾语从句中no matter what引导让步状语从句。 [4]本句中that引导宾语从句，该宾语从句中whatever引导让步状语从句。have our destiny worked out 及 (have) our fortunes made为“have＋宾语＋过去分词”结构，worked out与destiny之间及made与fortunes之间均为逻辑上的动宾关系。 “It sounds pretty⑯ interesting，” said the policeman.“Rather⑰ a long time between meets⑱， though, it seems to me.[5]Haven't you heard from your friend since you left？” [5]本句中since引导时间状语从句，从句用的是一般过去时，主句用的是现在完成时。 “Well, yes, for a time we corresponded⑲，” said the other.“But after a year or two we lost track of each other.You see, the West is a pretty big proposition⑳， and I kept hustling㉑ around over it pretty lively㉒.[6]But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he's alive㉓，for he always was the truest, staunchest㉔ old chap in the world. He'll never forget.I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it's worth it㉕if my old partner㉖ turns up㉗.” (Excerpts from “After Twenty Years” by O．Henry) [6]本句中for连接两个并列分句。第一个分句中“Jimmy...he's alive”是省略了引导词that的宾语从句，该宾语从句中if引导条件状语从句。 ①be set in...以……为背景 ②check vt.检查；审查(在此可引申为“巡逻”) ③go up to走近……(up是副词，to是介词) ④scar n.伤疤 ⑤dine v.进餐 ⑥chum n.好朋友 ⑦chap n.小伙子，家伙 ⑧be to do...准备做…… ⑨start vi.[熟词生义] 出发，动身(for引出地点) ⑩make one's fortune 发财，发迹 fortune n.大笔的钱，巨款；财富；运气；命运 ⑪drag...out of...将…… 从……处拉出来 drag v.拖，拉 ⑫conditions n.(居住、工作或做事情的)环境，境况，条件 ⑬figure v.[熟词生义] 认为，认定 figure that...认为…… ⑭ought to 应该，应当 ⑮destiny n.命运，天命 [近义词] fate命运，定数 ⑯pretty adv.相当，颇 ⑰rather adv.相当，在某种程度上 ⑱meet n.会面(现代英语中多用于指运动会之类的集会) ⑲correspond v.通信 ⑳proposition n.事业，生意 ㉑hustle v.拼命干，努力干 ㉒lively adv.[熟词生义]精力充沛地；有精神地 ㉓alive adj.活着的；有活力的，有生气的(一般只作表语) ㉔staunch adj.坚定的，忠实可靠的 ㉕it's worth it值得 worth adj.值得，有价值 ㉖partner n.伙伴，搭档 ㉗turn up(意外地或终于)出现；调高 [文化采风] After Twenty Years(《二十年后》)出自欧·亨利的短篇小说集The Four Million，讲述了两个美国青年——鲍勃和吉米·威尔斯约定20年后见面的故事。他们是一对非常要好的朋友，当鲍勃要到西部去创业时，他们相约20年后在大乔·布雷迪餐馆相会，然而两人在20年后却发生了翻天覆地的变化。该小说通过这两个青年20年后重逢之际所发生的变化，反映了19世纪后半期到第一次世界大战前美国社会生活各方面的深刻变迁。 二十年后 欧·亨利 短篇小说《二十年后》以纽约的一个寒冷、漆黑的夜晚为背景。大多数人已经下班回家，这座城市的这片区域现在很安静。一位正在这一区域巡逻的警察看到一个商店外有一个人。他走到那个人面前，发现他的脸上有一道疤。他们聊了会儿天。那个人开始讲述他的故事。 “20年前的今晚，”那个人说，“我和吉米·威尔斯一起在大乔·布雷迪餐馆吃饭。吉米是我最要好的朋友，是世界上最好的人。他和我从小在纽约一起长大，就像俩兄弟一样。那年我18岁，吉米20岁。我准备第二天早上动身前往西部发财。没有人能硬拉吉米离开纽约，他认为纽约是地球上唯一的地方。那天夜里我们约好：二十年后的同一日期、同一时间，我们还来这里会面，不管我们的境况如何，不管我们要从多远的地方来。我们认为二十年后，我们俩应该有各自的命运，也应该各自都发了财，不管它们将会是什么。” “这听起来相当有趣。”警察说，“不过，在我看来，(两次)会面相隔的时间太长了。你离开以后，没有收到过你朋友的信吗？” “嗯，有的。我们书信来往了一段时间。”那个人说，“但是大概过了一两年，我们彼此失去了联系。你知道，西部是一片大有可为的地区，在这里我一直四处奔忙。不过我知道吉米如果还活着，会来这里见我的，因为他一直是世界上最忠实、最可靠的老朋友。他永远不会忘记(我们的约定)。今晚我从千里之外的地方赶到这里，站在这个门口，只要我的老搭档出现，那就值得了。” (节选自欧·亨利的《二十年后》) [对应学生用书P101] Ⅰ.重点词汇 核心单词 1．ordinary adj.普通的，平常的 2．drag v.拖，拉 3．correspond v.通信 4．partner n.伙伴，搭档 5．strike v.划(火柴) 6．plain adj.简单的，朴素的 7．scene n.场景 8．atmosphere n.气氛，氛围，环境 拓展词汇 1．fortune n.大笔的钱；巨款→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地→[反义词] unfortunate adj.不幸的 2．appointed adj.约定的；指定的→appoint v.任命；委派→appointment n.任命；约会 3. bitterly adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→bitter adj.痛苦的，苦的→bitterness n.苦味，痛苦 4．ashamed adj.感到不好意思的；难为情的→shame n.羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的 5．unfold v.(卷着的东西)展开；打开→[反义词] fold v.折叠；对折 6．location n.地点；位置→locate v.位于；确定……的位置 7．surroundings n.周围的事物；环境→surround vt.围绕；环绕→surrounding adj.周围的；附近的 8．personality n.个性；性格→personal adj.个人的→personally adv.就自己而言 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．leave work下班 2．make one's fortune发财 3．ought to应该，应当 4．work out 详细拟定，规划 5．hear from收到某人的来信 6．be worth it 值得的 7．turn up(意外地或终于)出现 Ⅲ.重点句型 1．be＋to do 表示计划、打算 The next morning I was to start for(动身前往) the West to make my fortune. 2．couldn't have done sth 不可能做了某事 You couldn't have dragged Jimmy out of New York(不可能有人能硬拉吉米离开纽约); he thought it was the only place on earth. 3．“have sth done”结构 We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made(应该有各自的命运，也应该各自都发了财), whatever they were going to be. [对应学生用书P102] Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer. 1．What was the man doing when the police found him? A．He was waiting to dine. B．He was wandering aimlessly. C．He was waiting for a person. D．He was going shopping nearby. 2．Why did the man decide to go to the West? A．To see the world. B．To make money. C．To avoid a debt. D．To hide himself. 3．Why did Jimmy remain in New York? A．Their friendship broke up. B．Jimmy didn't want to leave. C．He had a lot to do in New York. D．He wanted to wait for his friend. 4．What happened to their friendship after they said goodbye? A．They kept in touch for at least 20 years. B．They met now and then after saying bye. C．Their friendship came to an end after that. D．They had been out of touch for many years. 答案　1—4 CBBD [对应学生用书P102] [核心词汇·练透] fortune n.大笔的钱；巨款；财富；运气；命运(→fortunate adj.幸运的，运气好的→fortunately adv.幸运地→unfortunately adv.不幸地) (1)have the good fortune to do sth 有幸做某事 make a fortune 发财 try one's fortune 碰运气 (2)be fortunate有幸做某事 (教材原句)The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune.我准备第二天早上动身前往西部发财。 [练通]——单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子 (1)Unfortunately，we were stuck in the rain and couldn't find anyone to help us.Fortunately, a passer-by helped us and we arrived home safe and sound before dark.(fortunate) (2)These two brothers decided to go to big cities to try their fortune(碰碰运气). (3)在中国，孩子们会收到红包，希望在新的一年里带来好运。 In China，children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year．(应用文佳句之节日介绍) [温馨提示]　fortune意为“机会、运气”时，为不可数名词；意为“财产”时，为可数名词。 turn up (意外地或终于)出现；调高；找到，发现 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉，关上 turn down 关小，调低，拒绝 turn to 翻到，转向；求助于 turn into 变成 turn out 证明是；结果是 (教材原句)I came a thousand miles to stand in this door tonight, and it's worth it if my old partner turns up. 今晚我从千里之外的地方赶到这里，站在这个门口，只要我的老搭档出现，那也就值得了。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)The tips my parents taught me when I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life. (2)Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy. (3)When I am tired, I will turn on the radio and listen to some soft music. (4)You can always turn to him for help if you meet with difficulty. (5)杰克和他的弟弟搜查了厨房，检查了每一个角落，但是一无所获。 Jack and his brother searched the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing．(续写佳句之动作描写) appointed adj.约定的；指定的(→appoint v.任命，委派，约定→appointment n.任命；指派；约会，约定) (1)appoint...to be/as... 任命……为…… appoint sb to do sth 指派某人做某事 (2)make/have an appointment with sb 与某人约会 keep/break an appointment 守约/失约 (教材原句)Bob, I was at the appointed place on time. 鲍勃，我按时到了指定地点。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)Mr Black is a careful and experienced engineer, so he is often appointed to finish(finish) some challenging tasks. (2)I have had/made an appointment with my professor for next Wednesday afternoon and I must arrive at the lecture hall at the appointed time.(appoint) (3)得知你已被任命为学生会主席，我真诚地祝贺你。 Learning that you have been appointed as/to be chairman of the Student Association，I sincerely congratulate you.(应用文佳句之祝贺信) strike v.(struck，struck)划(火柴)；侵袭；突击；击打；敲响；报时；给……以某种印象 n.罢工；罢课；袭击 (1)sth strike sb 某人突然想到某事 It strikes/struck sb that/how/what... 某人突然想到…… (2)be struck by... 被……打动 (3)strike sb ＋介词＋the＋身体部位 击打某人某处 (4)go on strike 罢工 be on strike 在罢工 (教材原句)When you struck the match to light your cigar I saw it was the face of the man wanted in Chicago. 当你划火柴点烟的时候，我明白了你就是芝加哥在通缉的那个人。 [练通]——写出下列句中strike的词性及含义/完成句子 (1)The night of the party arrived.The clock struck eight.v.(钟)敲 (2)Struck by his inspiring words, I decided to make efforts to improve my English.v.打动 (3)In America, workers will go on strike if the demands they put forward are turned down.n.罢工 (4)The man in the doorway struck a match and lit his cigar.v.擦/划(火柴) (5)约翰突然想到，由他来负责他们正在进行的项目是再合适不过的人选了。 It struck John that he was the right person to take charge of the project they were working on.(续写佳句之心理描写) [重点句型·通关] “have sth done”结构 (1)have sth done让 (别人) 做某事；遭遇/经历某种不幸的事 have sb do sth (＝make sb do sth /get sb to do sth)让某人做某事 have sb /sth doing让某人一直在做某事/让某事一直发生 (2)have sth to do有……事要做(主语自己做) have sth to be done有……事要做(不是主语自己做) (教材原句) We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be. 我们认为二十年后，我们俩应该有各自的命运，也应该各自都发了财，不管它们将会是什么。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 (1)—My computer is out of function again. —You need to go to the customer service center and have it repaired(repair). (2)Our headteacher can't have us wasting(waste) our precious time. (3)Tomorrow I will go to Beijing, so do you have anything to be taken (take) to your son? (4)听到这个消息，理查德非常生气，双臂紧紧交叉在胸前。 Richard got very upset and had his arms crossed tightly across his chest after hearing the sad news.(读后续写之动作描写) [温馨提示]　“have sth to do”意为“有某事要做”，to do作定语，修饰前面的名词，不定式的动作由主语发出，不定式虽为主动形式，但表示被动意义。 [对应学生用书P105] Ⅰ.教材语块必备 1．a world­famous short story writer世界著名的短篇小说作家 2．focus on/upon集中(注意力、精力等)于 3．ordinary people普通人 4．at that time当时 5．a surprise ending意想不到的结局 6．be set in 以……为背景 7．on earth(在)世界上；(在)人间 8．work out 解决；把……弄清楚 9．for a time 一段时间 10．an excerpt from节选自…… 11．over the past twenty years 在过去的二十年里 12．the appointed place约定地点 13．on time 按时；准时 14．strike a match 划火柴 15．light a cigar点燃雪茄 Ⅱ.单词拼写/完成句子 1．The man didn't come at the appointed(约定的) time, so I kept waiting. 2．Sadly，the violent hurricane struck(袭击) the area last night，causing great financial and human losses. 3．She was fortunate(幸运) enough to find a job as soon as she graduated from the university. 4．别担心，我会让汤姆帮你完成工作的。 Don't be worried.I'll have Tom help you finish the work. 5．史密斯先生不可能去了北京，因为我刚才在图书馆看见他了。 Mr Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now. [对应学生用书P105] 环境描写——夜晚 Ⅰ.常用词汇 课文词汇 1．a cold，dark night一个寒冷而又黑暗的夜晚 2．this part of the city城市的这个角落 3．be quiet静悄悄的，安静的 4．twenty years ago tonight二十年前的今晚 补充词汇 5．a bitterly cold night一个极其寒冷的夜晚 6．a chilly night一个寒冷的夜晚 7．a hot and airless night一个炎热无风的夜晚 8．a quiet night一个静谧的夜晚 9．deep into the night深夜 Ⅱ.常用句型 课本原句 1．The short story “After Twenty Years”is set in New York on a cold，dark night. 短篇小说《二十年后》以纽约一个寒冷而又黑暗的夜晚为背景。 2．Most people have left work to go home，and this part of the city is now quiet. 大部分人已经下班回家，城市的这个角落静悄悄的。 3．“Twenty years ago tonight，” said the man，“I dined here at ‘Big Joe’Brady's with Jimmy Wells，my best chum，and the finest chap in the world...” “二十年前的今晚，”男人说，“我和吉米·威尔斯——我最好的朋友，也是这世上最棒的小伙子——在这儿的大乔·布雷迪餐厅吃饭……” 其他表达 4．On an extremely beautiful starry night, the sky was covered with diamond-like stars. 在一个繁星满天的极其美丽的夜晚，天空布满了钻石般的星星。 5．Deep into the night, the small village was quiet. 深夜，这个小村庄静悄悄的。 6．The summer night is very quiet with only the croak of frogs，and everything seems so peaceful. 夏天的夜晚十分宁静，只伴有青蛙的叫声，一切显得那么祥和。 Ⅲ.写作微练 1．在一个宁静的夜晚，仰望天空，我变得平静祥和。 On a quiet night，looking up in the sky，I became calm and peaceful. 2．在炎热无风的夜晚，我们发现很难入睡。 We found it hard to sleep during the hot and airless nights. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$