Unit 5 Play by the rules-Developing ideas 教学设计 -2024-2025学年外研版英语八年级上册

Unit 5 Play by the rules-Developing ideas This unit focuses on the theme of "rules". The "Developing ideas" part continues to explore various rules in different scenarios. Through reading materials, students will encounter more detailed descriptions of rules, such as rules in public places, online safety rules, etc. They will also learn about people's attitudes towards rules, including both compliance and violation. The content aims to deepen students' understanding of the significance of rules in maintaining social order and personal safety, and guide them to think about how to better abide by and even make rules in their daily lives. 教学目标 Students will be able to master the key vocabulary related to rules, such as "opposite", "packet", "picnic", "smelly", "noise", "reduce", "seat", "fool", "sign", "responsibility", "belt", "station", "flowerpot", "respect", "spread", etc. Students will understand and be able to use important phrases, like "look after", "get on the train", "take out", "turn around", "take a deep breath", "stay safe", "arrive at", "pick up", "tell the truth", "follow the rules". Students will learn and be able to apply sentence patterns for expressing rules, experiences, opinions and suggestions, such as "And rules are there for us to follow!", "Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone. What a shock!", "In my opinion, rules are important for a well - ordered society." Students will grasp the grammar points of using the infinitive of purpose (to + verb 原形 /in order to + verb 原形 /so as to + verb 原形), "ask sb to do sth" structure and "avoid doing sth" structure. 教学重难点 Key vocabulary and phrases related to rules, and their correct usage in sentences. Sentence patterns for expressing rules, experiences, opinions and suggestions, and students' ability to imitate and create sentences. The usage of the infinitive of purpose, "ask sb to do sth" structure and "avoid doing sth" structure in grammar. Helping students understand the importance of rules through reading materials and discussions. 1 Key Vocabulary opposite /ˈɒpəzɪt/prep. 在…… 的对面 The bank is opposite the supermarket.（银行在超市对面。） packet /ˈpækɪt/n. (装商品的) 小包，小盒，小袋 She bought a packet of biscuits.（她买了一包饼干。） picnic /ˈpɪknɪk/n. 野餐 We are going on a picnic this weekend.（我们这个周末要去野餐。） smelly /ˈsmeli/adj. 有臭味的 The garbage bin is smelly.（垃圾桶有臭味。） noise /nɔɪz/n. 噪声；嘈杂声 The noise from the construction site is too loud.（建筑工地的噪音太大了。） reduce /rɪˈdjuːs/v. 缩小；减少；降低 We should reduce waste in our daily life.（我们应该在日常生活中减少浪费。） seat /siːt/n. 座，座位 Please take your seat.（请就座。） fool /fuːl/n. 蠢人，傻子，笨蛋 Don't be a fool!（别犯傻！） sign /saɪn/n. 标记；指示牌，标牌 Look at the sign. It says “No Smoking”.（看那个指示牌，上面写着 “禁止吸烟”。） responsibility /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/n. 责任 We all have the responsibility to protect the environment.（我们都有保护环境的责任。） belt /belt/n. 腰带，皮带 He tightened his belt.（他系紧了腰带。） station /ˈsteɪʃn/n. 车站 I will meet you at the train station.（我会在火车站接你。） flowerpot /ˈflaʊəpɒt/n. 花盆 There is a beautiful flower in the flowerpot.（花盆里有一朵漂亮的花。） respect /rɪˈspekt/v. 尊重 We should respect our teachers and parents.（我们应该尊重老师和父母。） spread /spred/v. 传播 The news spread quickly.（消息传播得很快。） 2 Key Phrases look after 照顾 She looks after her little brother every day.（她每天照顾她的弟弟。） get on the train 上火车 Hurry up, or we can't get on the train.（快点，否则我们上不了火车了。） take out 拿出 He took out a book from his bag.（他从书包里拿出一本书。） turn around 转身 She turned around and saw her friend.（她转过身看到了她的朋友。） take a deep breath 深呼吸 Take a deep breath before you start running.（在你开始跑步前深呼吸。） stay safe 保持安全 We should wear helmets to stay safe when riding a bike.（我们骑自行车时应该戴头盔以保持安全。） arrive at 到达（小地点） We arrived at the airport on time.（我们准时到达了机场。） pick up 捡起 Pick up the trash and put it in the bin.（捡起垃圾并把它放进垃圾桶。） tell the truth 告诉真相 You should always tell the truth.（你应该总是说实话。） follow the rules 遵守规则 Everyone should follow the traffic rules.（每个人都应该遵守交通规则。） 3 Key Sentence Patterns Rules description And rules are there for us to follow!（规则的存在是为了我们去遵守！） Everyone knows the rules. They aren't just on the wall but also in our minds and hearts.（每个人都知道这些规则，它们不仅在墙上，也在我们的头脑和心中。） Nothing can be done without norms or standards.（不以规矩，不能成方圆。） Good order is the foundation of all things.（良好的秩序是一切的基础。） Experiences and problems Suddenly, a girl opposite me started playing loud music on her phone. What a shock! （突然，我对面的一个女孩开始用手机大声播放音乐。太令人震惊了！） I covered my ears in order to block the noise coming from Rock Girl. （我捂住耳朵，以阻挡来自 “摇滚女孩” 的噪音。） I asked him to stop. However, his mother replied, 'Come on, he's just a kid.' （我要求他停下来。然而，他的母亲回答说：“算了吧，他只是个孩子。”） When my dishes finally arrived 90 minutes later, they were stone cold! （当我的菜终于在 90 分钟后送达时，已经凉透了！） Views and suggestions In my opinion, rules are important for a well - ordered society. （在我看来，规则对一个秩序井然的社会很重要。） We should follow the rules in our hearts. （我们应该遵守我们心中的规则。） There are lots of things to do to follow the rules. （有很多事情要做来遵守规则。） What effect has breaking rules had on our life? （违反规则对我们的生活有什么影响？） Future outlook What will rules be like in the future?（未来的规则会是什么样的？） I think rules will change over time.（我认为规则会随着时间的推移而改变。） Schools in the future will have new rules.（未来的学校将有新的规则。） Rules will help us live a better life.（规则将帮助我们过上更好的生活。） 4 Grammar Points Infinitive of purpose 构成：to + 动词原形 /in order to + 动词原形 /so as to + 动词原形 用法：表示做某事的目的 I went to the library to borrow some books.（我去图书馆借一些书。） She got up early in order to catch the first bus.（她早起为了赶上第一班公交车。） He put on a mask so as to protect himself from the dust.（他戴上面具以保护自己免受灰尘侵害。） ask sb to do sth structure 构成：ask + 宾语 + to + 动词原形 用法：请求、要求某人做某事 The teacher asked the students to clean the classroom.（老师要求学生打扫教室。） She asked me to help her with the math problem.（她请我帮她解决数学问题。） avoid doing sth structure 构成：avoid + 动词 - ing 形式 用法：避免做某事 Avoid making the same mistake again.（避免再犯同样的错误。） We should avoid talking loudly in the library.（我们应该避免在图书馆大声喧哗。） 教学过程 1 Lead - in (5 minutes) Activity: Show some pictures of people in different public places, such as a library, a park, a cinema, etc. Ask students to describe what is happening in the pictures and point out the rules that should be followed in these places. For example, in the library picture, students may say “People should keep quiet in the library. They should not talk loudly.” Purpose: This activity can arouse students' interest in the topic of rules, and review some common rules in daily life that students are familiar with, laying a foundation for the following in - depth learning. 2 Vocabulary Learning (10 minutes) Presentation: Present the new words and phrases on the PPT one by one. Explain the meaning, pronunciation and usage of each word or phrase. For example, when teaching the word “opposite”, show a picture of two buildings opposite each other, and say “Look, these two buildings are opposite each other. The bank is opposite the supermarket.” Demonstrate the phrase “take out” by taking out a pen from a bag and saying “I take out a pen from my bag.” Practice: Word - reading practice: Let students read the new words and phrases after the teacher several times, and then read them individually to correct their pronunciation. Fill - in - the - blanks practice: Give students some sentences with blanks, and ask them to fill in the blanks with the correct words or phrases just learned. For example, “Please ______ your seat. The movie is about to start.” (fill in “take”) Purpose: Help students master the new vocabulary related to rules, which is necessary for understanding the following reading materials and expressing their own opinions. 3 Reading Comprehension (15 minutes) Fast reading: Give students a reading passage about rules in public transportation. Let them read the passage quickly and answer the general question: “What is the main idea of this passage?” Encourage students to underline the key sentences that can help them answer the question. Careful reading: Ask students to read the passage carefully again. Design some detailed questions, such as “What did the girl do on the train that was against the rules?”, “How did the writer feel about the situation?”, “What should we do to follow the rules in public transportation according to the passage?” Let students find the answers in the passage and discuss with their partners. Analysis: Analyze the text structure, sentence patterns and the usage of new words and phrases in the passage. For example, find out the sentences using the infinitive of purpose and explain how they are used to express the purpose. Purpose: Improve students' reading ability, including skimming for the main idea and scanning for details. At the same time, help students understand the specific content about rules in a certain scenario through reading, and deepen their understanding of new language knowledge. 4 Grammar Explanation and Practice (10 minutes) Explanation: Explain the grammar points of the infinitive of purpose, “ask sb to do sth” structure and “avoid doing sth” structure on the PPT. Use simple and clear examples to illustrate their usage. For example, for the infinitive of purpose, compare “I go to the gym to exercise.” and “I go to the gym because I want to exercise.” to show the function of the infinitive in expressing purpose. Practice: Sentence - making practice: Let students make sentences using the three grammar structures. First, give them some topics, such as “rules in school”, “activities at home”, etc. Students can make sentences like “The teacher asks us to finish our homework on time.” (using “ask sb to do sth” structure) Multiple - choice practice: Provide some multiple - choice questions on the PPT to test students' understanding of the grammar points. For example, “He gets up early every day ______ catch the first bus. A. so as B. in order C. in order to” Purpose: Enable students to master the important grammar points in this part, and be able to use them correctly in sentences, improving their language accuracy. 5 Discussion and Summary (5 minutes) Discussion: Divide students into groups of four or five. Ask them to discuss the question: “What new rules do you think we should make for our school or community in the future? And why?” Each group selects a representative to report their discussion results to the whole class. Summary: Summarize the key points of this class, including new vocabulary, phrases, sentence patterns and grammar points. Emphasize the importance of rules in our lives again. Purpose: Through group discussion, cultivate students' thinking ability and communication skills. The summary can help students review and consolidate what they have learned in this class. 教学反思 After this class, overall, students showed a certain level of enthusiasm for the topic of rules. The lead - in activity successfully attracted their attention and made them actively participate in describing the rules in pictures. In vocabulary learning, most students could master the new words and phrases through the vivid presentation and various practice methods. However, some students still had problems with the pronunciation of some words, such as “responsibility”, and more individual guidance is needed in the future. During reading comprehension, students made progress in finding key information, but some students had difficulties in analyzing complex sentence structures in the passage. In grammar teaching, although the practice activities were designed to be diverse, some students still made mistakes in using the grammar structures, especially in distinguishing the different forms of the infinitive of purpose. In the discussion part, most groups actively exchanged ideas, but some students were a little shy to express their opinions in front of the class. In future teaching, more encouragement and more opportunities for individual expression should be provided. In general, for the next class, more review and reinforcement of the knowledge in this class are needed, especially for the difficult points in grammar and reading, to further improve students' English ability and their awareness of rules. 2 / 37 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$