Unit 5 Section 2 Reading and Thinking（Word练习）-【精讲精练】2025-2026学年高中英语必修第一册（人教版）

[对应知能达标训练P75] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．I tried every means to get children interested in my class. 2．(2023·全国甲卷·书面表达) He reached the destination despite many hardships，including terrible weather conditions and lack of food and water. 3．In the morning，we will admire pandas，which are native to China. 4．Practising Chinese kung fu can not only build up one's strength，but also shape one's character (品质). 5．I am planning to become a computer programmer after university for the following two factors (因素). 6．Teenagers are the future of our motherland，and also the symbol (象征) of our city. 7．The book is now recognized as a classic(经典作品)，which attracts a large number of readers. 8．I am glad to know that you have joined your school's calligraphy (书法) club. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．I majored (major) in English literature as an English student. 2．In my experience，people with a positive attitude to/towards life are happier and achieve more. 3．Chinese people will hold a variety (vary)of activities to honor Qu Yuan，such as dragon boat racing，eating zongzi and so on. 4．According to the report，global(globe)warming is becoming a serious problem. 5．Calligraphy is regarded (regard)as an art form，and I really enjoy it. 6．I developed the habit of thinking and solving problems with the help of reference (refer)books. 7．The ancient building dating (date)back to the Tang Dynasty is really amazing. 8．I'd like to express my appreciation (appreciate)for your timely rescue. 9．Based (base)on a true story，the book has caught much attention. 10．It was a time when I could hardly understand what the native speakers said. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．无论你面临什么问题，都应该对工作持积极的态度。 No matter what problems you are faced with，you should have a positive attitude towards/to your work. 2．众所周知，水果对我们的健康非常有帮助。 It is known that fruits are of great help to our health． 3．中国功夫，一种传统的运动，拥有悠久的历史，被认为是我们国家的瑰宝。 Chinese kung fu，a traditional sport，has a long history and is regarded as our national treasure. 4．如果你能尽早回信我将感激不尽。 I'd appreciate your writing (＝appreciate it if you could write) me back as soon as possible. 5．经历了这么多浮沉之后，他变得更加坚定了。 He has become more determined after going through so many ups and downs． Ⅳ.课文语法填空 Ancient Chinese civilisation has continued all the way through into modern times，despite the many ups and downs in its history.One of the main factors 1.is (be) the Chinese writing system. 2．Dating (date) back several thousand years to the use of longgu，written Chinese was a picture-based language.At that time，people carved some 3.symbols (symbol) on animal bones and shells.By the Shang Dynasty，it had been already a 4.highly (high) developed system.Later，there was a time 5.when the Chinese people were divided geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.Chinese writing system was fixed from Qin Dynasty，when Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country. The writing system is not only of great 6.importance (important) in uniting the Chinese people and culture，but also an important means 7.by which China's present is connected with its past.Today，we can read the classic works which 8.were written (write) by Chinese in ancient times.Now，Chinese calligraphy，as 9.an art form，has become an important part of Chinese culture. With China playing a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to learn Chinese 10.to appreciate (appreciate) China's culture and history. Ⅰ.阅读理解 A I am a university professor.I teach at an arts school in Southern California.Last year，I decided to become a student and signed up for online Arabic classes. Arabic is a hard language，given its large vocabulary(词汇).My new teacher was Cairo-based and about my own age.We would meet a few times a month to practice conversation and go over grammar.During our conversation practice，he also shared details of his life，including his struggle(努力)to care for two young children and older parents. The awkwardness of the first few lessons gave way to more familiarity and comfort.I stopped feeling self-conscious(难为情的)about the fact that I was a teacher myself.After a while，though，I opened up about my own background and my struggles with Arabic. “Don't worry；I am here to teach you.You are a very hardworking student and it is my pleasure to help you，” said my teacher. I had comforted my students with similar words in my own teaching.It was strange to hear them directed at me.The tables had turned.Now I，as a student，was the one asking for help.I had to be humble(谦虚的)as I struggled to learn a language.I had more to learn about being a teacher as well. “You are clever today，”my teacher would often say when I used varied vocabulary or expressions.When I heard these four words for the first time，I felt really happy.It truly surprised me that such simple praise could build up my confidence so much. That's when I realized how little I had praised my own students.I thought too much praise made students complacent(自满的)，even lazy.Now，as a student，I saw things differently.I had a change of heart.Now I praise as often and as sincerely as I can，knowing that these simple words can mean a lot.Words matter.And now I choose to be more thoughtful about how I use them. [语篇解读]　记叙文　作者是一名大学教授，他讲述了自己跟着一名老师学习阿拉伯语的经历及受到的启发。 1．How did the author feel after a few Arabic lessons? A．He was ashamed of his weaknesses. B．He felt a strong wish to go back to teaching. C．He felt easy about his role of being a student. D．He was a bit discouraged about learning Arabic. 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段“The awkwardness of the first few lessons gave way to more familiarity and comfort.I stopped feeling self-conscious about the fact that I was a teacher myself...I opened up about my own background and my struggles with Arabic.”可知，作者上了几节阿拉伯语课后开始感到轻松自在，他不再因为自己是一名老师的身份而难为情，开始向老师敞开心扉，逐渐适应了自己也是一名学生的身份。 2．Which of the following can best describe the author's Arabic teacher? A．He was humorous and often told jokes. B．He was good at giving encouragement and praise. C.He was careful with his choice of teaching methods. D．He was private and disliked talking about his personal life. 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段作者老师所说的“Don't worry；I am here to teach you.You are a very hardworking student and it is my pleasure to help you”及第六段中的“‘You are clever today，’my teacher would often say when I used varied vocabulary or expressions.”可知，作者的阿拉伯语老师善于鼓励和表扬他。D项中的private 意为“不喜欢与他人交流思想感情的”。 3．What did the author use to think of praise? A．It mattered a lot. B．It could mislead students. C．It was as important as hard work. D．It had little influence on humble students. 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“That's when I realized how little I had praised my own students.I thought too much praise made students complacent，even lazy.”可知，作者曾经很少表扬自己的学生，因为他怕表扬太多会误导学生，让学生变得自满懒惰。 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．A Professor Learns the Power of Praise B．A Professor's Love of His Job as a Teacher C．A Professor's Hard Journey of Learning Arabic D．A Professor Begins to See His Students Differently 解析：选A　主旨大意题。作者是一名大学教授，他刚开始学习阿拉伯语时，因为自己是老师的身份而难为情，后来，在阿拉伯语老师的鼓励和表扬下，他适应了自己是一名学生的身份，也开始对学阿拉伯语充满信心。从老师的身上，他学习到表扬的重要性，也开始反思自己作为一名老师不足的地方，即吝于表扬学生。最终，他做出改变，在教学过程中尽可能表扬学生。由此可知，A项作为本文的标题最为合适。 B In a 2012 study，Boaz Keysar，a professor at the University of Chicago in the US，led an experiment on the relationship between foreign languages and people's way of thinking. In the experiment，people were asked to make a choice: Just take one pound or take a 50 percent chance of winning 2.50 pounds.When given this choice in their native language，most people took the safe option of only getting one pound.But they were more willing to make the riskier choice when asked in a foreign language，leading to more profits overall，according to The Guardian.As Keysar put it，“People just hate the chance of losing，but they hate it less in a foreign language.” In another study published this year，Keysar and his team did an experiment in which participants were given a series of related words like “dream”，“snooze”，“bed” and “rest”．Later，when asked which words they remembered hearing，people were more likely to mistakenly remember “sleep”，which was not on the list，in their native language.But it was much less likely to happen if they did the test in a foreign language.As Keysar explained，people have more careful thinking when using a foreign language，leading to more accurate memories. The foreign language effect may even influence our personality.Silvia Purpuri at the University of Trento，Italy，looked at people's willingness to face uncertainty and enter unfamiliar situations.Being tolerant (宽容的)of uncertainty allows people to have more creative ideas and be more open to new things.It turns out that people naturally score more highly on this trait (特点)when they can speak or use a foreign language because speaking a foreign language requires taking risks. The evidence is clear: By learning a foreign language，you're not just learning a language—you're gaining a new state of mind. [语篇解读]　说明文　研究表明外语对于人们思维方式有影响。 5．What does the first experiment suggest? A．People like expressing in a foreign language. B．People are afraid of losing in face of money. C．People make quick choices in their native language. D．People prefer riskier decisions in a foreign language. 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As Keysar put it，‘People just hate the chance of losing，but they hate it less in a foreign language.’”可知，人们在外语环境下更愿意冒险。 6．Which of the following best explains “accurate” underlined in paragraph 3? A．Colorful. B．Simple. C．Usual. D．Exact. 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据画线处前“As Keysar explained，people have more careful thinking when using a foreign language”可知，人们在使用外语时思考会更加仔细，因此也就会有更加准确的记忆。 7．Willingness to face uncertainty makes people ． A．Cool-headed B．Open-minded C．Light-hearted D．Easy-going 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段中“Being tolerant of uncertainty allows people to have more creative ideas and be more open to new things.”可知，乐意接受不确定性会使人们有更多创造性的想法，也更愿意接受新事物，也就是使人思维更加开放。 8．What is the main idea of this text? A．Learning foreign languages helps a lot. B．People should learn to face uncertainty. C．Foreign languages influence how people think. D．Personality has an effect on language learning. 解析：选C　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In a 2012 study，Boaz Keysar，a professor at the University of Chicago in the US，led an experiment on the relationship between foreign languages and people's way of thinking.”并结合全文可知，本文研究了外语对人们思维方式的影响。 Ⅱ.七选五 (2024—2025学年太原高一检测)Do you want to find out how you can learn a new language quickly? There are really no secrets.You just need to be willing to work hard and not be afraid to make mistakes. 1 Connect with a native speaker. The best way to learn a new language is to speak it.Too often，people spend all of their time studying grammar and memorizing lists of words. 2 You'll feel much more motivated(积极的)about learning the language than staring at a book or computer screen. 3 People often have claimed to have studied a language “for five years” and still not be fluent.But when they say five years，they probably mean that they studied the language for only a couple of hours a week over that entire time period.Let's get one thing clear: if you want to learn a new language successfully，you're going to have to study the language every day. Carry a dictionary at all times. Carrying a dictionary with you will save you a lot of time. 4 It can be an actual，physical dictionary，or a dictionary app on your phone—you just need to be able to consult it quickly whenever you need a word. Watch，listen，read and write in your chosen language. Possibly the easiest thing you can do is watch television shows or movies in the language you are trying to learn.You should also attempt to read and write in your new language.Besides，download podcasts (播客)or tunes into radio stations in your new language. 5 You can try to repeat or retell a sentence，a paragraph or the whole text in your own language. A．Learn the language daily. B．So get one as soon as possible! C．The following tips may help you. D．Speaking with a real，live person will help you. E．Reading is of great importance in language learning. F．A big dictionary may be inconvenient for you to use at any time. G．This is a great way to bury yourself in the language while you're on the go. [语篇解读]　说明文　文章就怎样学好一门语言给出了一些建议。 1．解析：选C　本文是总分结构。第一段是文章的主题，下面的小标题是如何学习语言的四条建议。C项“The following tips may help you.(以下提示可能对你有所帮助。)”符合语境，The following tips与下文的小标题对应。故选C。 2．解析：选D　由空格后句“比起盯着书本或电脑屏幕，你会觉得学习语言更有积极性。”可知，此空应讲一种学英语的方法，比看书和电脑屏幕更有用。D项“Speaking with a real，live person will help you.(与一个真实的、活生生的人交谈会帮助你。)”符合语境，其中Speaking with a real，live person与小标题“Connect with a native speaker.”对应，且D项与下句也有因果关系。故选D。 3．解析：选A　此空是小标题，是考查本段的主旨大意。本段主要讲学习一门语言应坚持每天学习。A项“Learn the language daily.(每天学习这门语言)”符合语境，对本段有总结作用。故选A。 4．解析：选B　根据空格前句“随身携带一本词典会节省你很多时间。”可知，这里主要讲运用词典来帮助语言学习。B项“So get one as soon as possible！(所以尽快有一本！)”符合语境，和上文有因果关系，且 one和上文的“a dictionary”对应。故选B。 5．解析：选G　根据空格前句“此外，下载播客或收听新语言的广播电台。”可知，作者这里建议运用广播学英语，G项“This is a great way to bury yourself in the language while you're on the go.(这是一种当你在忙碌时让你沉浸在语言中的很好的方式)”符合语境。其中This指代上文“download podcasts or tunes into radio stations”。故选G。 Ⅲ.完形填空 Born in America，I spoke English，not Chinese，the language of my ancestors (祖先).When I was three，my parents flashed cards with Chinese 1 at my face，but I pushed them 2 ．My mom believed I would learn when I was ready.But the 3 never came. On a Chinese New Year's Eve，my uncle spoke to me in Chinese，but all I could do was 4 at him，confused.“Still can't speak Chinese？” He 5 me，“You can't even buy a fish in Chinatown (唐人街).” “Hey，this is America，not China.I'll get some 6 with or without Chinese.” I replied and turned to my mom for 7 ． “Remember to ask for fresh fish，Xin XianYu，”she said，handing over a $20 bill.I 8 the words，running downstairs into the streets of Chinatown. I found the fish stand (摊位) surrounded in a sea of customers.“I'd like to buy some fresh fish，” I shouted to the fisherman.But he ignored (不理睬) my English words and turned to serve the next customer.The laugh of the people behind increased 9 their impatience (不耐烦).With every second，the breath of the dragons on my back grew stronger— 10 me to cry out，“Xian Sheng Yu，please.” “Very Xian Sheng，” I repeated.The crowd burst into laughter.My face turned 11 and I ran back home， 12 ，except for the $20 bill I held tightly in my hand. Should I laugh or cry? They're Chinese.I'm Chinese.I should feel right at home (自在).Instead，I was the joke，a disgrace (丢脸) to the language. Sometimes，I laugh at my fish 13 ，but，in the end，the joke is on 14 ．Every laugh is a culture 15 ； every laugh is my heritage (传统) fading away. [语篇解读]　记叙文　身为中国人，“我”出生在美国，熟悉英语却不懂汉语，导致了“我”去唐人街买鱼因语言不通而被嘲笑，这件事让“我”明白了一个道理：“笑话”反映的是一种文化的缺失，我们不应该让文化丢失。 1．A.custom B．games C．characters D．paintings 解析：选C　根据语境和前文“Born in America，I spoke English，not Chinese，the language of my ancestors(祖先).”可知，作者不会说汉语，父母给作者展示的是汉字卡片。故选C。 2．A.ahead B．around C．along D．aside 解析：选D　根据语境和前文“When I was three，my parents flashed cards with Chinese 1 at my face，but I pushed them”可知，作者没有看父母给作者展示的那些卡片，而是将其放在一边了。故选D。 3．A.success B．study C．time D．attempt 解析：选C　根据语境和前文“But the”以及后文“never came”可知，此处是指但“我”学习汉字的时间从来没有过。故选C。 4．A.aim B．joke C．nod D．stare 解析：选D　根据语境和前文“On a Chinese New Year's Eve，my uncle spoke to me in Chinese，but all I could do was”以及后文“confused”可知，当作者的叔叔用汉语和作者说话时，作者听不明白，感到困惑，能做的就是只能盯着他看。故选D。 5．A.cared about B．laughed at C．argued with D．asked after 解析：选B　根据语境和后文“You can't even buy a fish in Chinatown(唐人街).”可知，叔叔说“我”在唐人街连鱼都买不到，由此推知，作者的叔叔在嘲笑作者。故选B。 6．A.right now B．from now C．at times D．in time 解析：选A　根据语境和前文“I'll get some”可知，作者为了证明给叔叔看，即刻就能去唐人街买到鱼。故选A。 7．A.decision B．permission C．information D．preparation 解析：选B　根据语境和后文“‘Remember to ask for fresh fish，Xin XianYu，’ she said，handing over a $20 bill.”可知，妈妈叮嘱作者买新鲜的鱼并给作者钱，由此推知，作者希望征得妈妈的允许。故选B。 8．A.repeated B．reviewed C．spelled D．kept 解析：选A　根据语境和前文“Remember to ask for fresh fish，Xin XianYu”可知，妈妈叮嘱作者买新鲜鱼，以及作者不会汉语，由此推知，作者重复着妈妈说的话。故选A。 9．A.by B．near C．with D．from 解析：选C　根据语境和前文“The laugh of the people behind increased”以及后文“their impatience”可知，“我”身后的人因为失去耐心而开始笑起来。故选C。 10．A.forcing B．allowing C．finding D．leading 解析：选A　根据语境和前文“With every second，the breath of the dragons on my back grew stronger”以及后文“me to cry out，‘Xian Sheng Yu，please.’”可知，此处是指每过一秒，作者就越生气——这迫使作者大声叫喊。故选A。 11．A.bright B．blank C．pale D．red 解析：选D　根据语境和前文“The crowd burst into laughter.”可知，人群爆发出笑声，由此推知，作者因为周围人的嘲笑而羞愧地脸红了。故选D。 12．A.open-mouthed B．tongue-tied C．empty-handed D．broken-hearted 解析：选C　根据语境和后文“except for the $20 bill I held tightly in my hand”可知，除了那张20美元的钞票外，作者两手空空地跑回了家。故选C。 13．A.trade B．confidence C．challenge D．experience 解析：选D　根据语境和前文“The laugh of the people behind increased 9 their impatience(不耐烦).With every second，the breath of the dragons on my back grew stronger— 10 me to cry out，‘Xian Sheng Yu，please.’ ‘Very Xian Sheng，’ I repeated.The crowd burst into laughter.”可知，作者有时也会笑话自己这次买鱼的经历。故选D。 14．A.it B．us C．me D．them 解析：选C　根据语境和前文“Instead，I was the joke，a disgrace (丢脸) to the language.”可知，相反，作者成了笑话，成了语言的耻辱，由此推知，作者成了笑话。故选C。 15．A.treasured B．lost C．valued D．reflected 解析：选B　根据语境和前文“Should I laugh or cry? They're Chinese.I'm Chinese.I should feel right at home (自在).Instead，I was the joke，a disgrace (丢脸) to the language.”以及后文“every laugh is my heritage(传统) fading away”可知，作者是中国人，但却不会说汉语，此处是指在作者身上体现的是文化的丢失，每一声嘲笑都是一种文化的丢失。故选B。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$