专题03 七选五-段中句类（知识清单）（全国通用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

专题03 七选五---段中句类 目录 01知识脑图·学科框架速建 02考点精析·知识能力全解 【知能解读01】七选五五年高考考情统计 【知能解读02】七选五五年高考考情解读 【知能解读03】七选五段中句考点分类 【知能解读04】阅读理解七选五解题步骤 【知能解读05】七选五满分突破思维导图 03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破 【重难点突破01】瞻前型段中句 【重难点突破02】瞻前型段中句跟踪训练 【重难点突破03】顾后型段中句 【重难点突破04】顾后型段中句跟踪训练 04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗 【易混易错01】瞻前顾后型段中句 【易混易错02】瞻前顾后型跟踪训练 【易混易错03】利用逻辑关系破解段中句 【易混易错04】利用逻辑关系跟踪训练 05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解 【方法技巧01】阅读七选五段中句答题误区 【方法技巧02】阅读七选五段中句误区应对 【方法技巧03】阅读七选五段中句满分策略 01七选五五年高考考情统计 卷别 体裁 类别 主题 段首 段中 段尾 字数 2025全国一卷 记叙文 人与社会 咖啡馆里平凡英雄 0 4 0 258+85 2025全国二卷 说明文 人与社会 家庭共同参与志愿 2◆ 2 1 248+83 2024新课标I卷 说明文 人与自我 使用英语词典心得 1 4 0 273+61 2024新课标II卷 说明文 人与自我 如何避免过度旅游 1◆ 3 1 259+52 2024全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 讲述适度饮食概念 1◆ 3 1 264+70 2023新高考I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅办法 0 4 1 247+82 2023新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅建议 1◆ 3 1 261+63 2023全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 变得有耐心的方法 1◆ 3 1 252+51 2023全国乙卷 说明文 人与自然 室内绿植及其好处 0 4 1 282+69 2022新高考I卷 说明文 人与社会 如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1 257+76 2022新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 写文章好修改技巧 1◆ 4 0 237+74 2022全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 不同文化用餐礼仪 1 3 1 230+87 2022全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 维持异地友谊办法 3◆ 1 1 248+76 2021新高考I卷 记叙文 人与社会 巴黎一周生活经历 1 4 0 270+83 2021新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 提高阅读速度建议 1◆ 2 2 250+75 2021全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 服装交换派对建议 1◆ 4 0 261+49 2021全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 宴会如何变得有趣 2 2 1 255+81 ◆代表有标题句 02七选五五年高考考情解读 1.题型概述 阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。 2.选材特点 选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。 话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。 3.命题特点 从最近五年高考真题来看，七选五考查以段中句为主，兼顾段首句（含标题句）和段尾句；从体裁来看，主要是说明文为主，兼顾记叙文；从话题来看，人与社会类占主流，人与自我和人与自然相对较少。 4.解题口诀 通览全文看文体，结构位置小标题； 再看选项定功能，标题位置加逻辑； 代词同派近反义，上下匹配关键词； 段句之间找逻辑，条并转递因释例。 03七选五段首中句考点分类 04阅读理解七选五解题步骤 第一步：先做段首、段尾题，缩小排查范围因段首、段尾题要么是主题句(总结句)要么就是承上启下句，具有鲜明的语言特征题目简单，较易判定。做题时，先将这类题目的选项定位，既可缩小思考范围，又可使原文信息更加明了。 第二步：剩余选项细排查，利用句间关系来判定随着将段首、段尾题判定复位后，原文信息会更加明了，再次通读原文，理清剩余段中题的句间关系，将剩余选项对应复位。 第三步：代入选项通读原文，句通意畅来验证将所选答案代入文中，重点检查逻辑关系，看有无不合行文逻辑的现象。 05七选五满分突破思维导图 01 瞻前型段中句 1.题型概述 从最近五年高考考情统计表，段中设空题数量多（2-4题）、难度大（涉及前后句逻辑关系）、区分度好而备受命题者青睐，同时也是考生失分重灾区，务必引起重视。 2.思维导图 3.解题思路 第一步：利用段落小标题概括引领作用，对本段主旨做到心中有数； 第二步：研读空格处前一句和后一句，判断是否是前一句细节补充； 第三步：从词语复现、代词一致和逻辑一致角度浏览选项确定答案。 02瞻前型段中句跟踪训练 跟踪训练1 (2025全国二卷第36题) Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults? 36 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family. … A. Helping the community lowers rates of depression. B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D. Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before. G. Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. 【解析】 第一步：观察文本特征。本空位于段中，且前两句是一般疑问句，很有可能需要一个排比句或者回答。 第二步：寻找关键信息。设空处位于段中，可能承上启下。根据上文“Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults? (你在寻找让家人团聚的方法吗？希望找到一个大人和小孩都能参与的爱好吗)”可知，此处以提问方式引出家庭共同活动的需求，空格处需给出解决方案。B选项“Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. (全家一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的)”中的“Volunteering as a family”直接回应“bring your family together”和“shared hobby”，引出下文对家庭志愿活动好处的具体说明，符合语境。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。 跟踪训练2 (2024全国甲卷第40题) Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). 36 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. … A. I don’t often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. C. But I still don’t want to replace them. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information. 【解析】 第一步：观察文本特征。本题属于段中句，理论上需要瞻前顾后。 第二步：寻找关键信息。设空处位于段中，可能承上启下。根据上文“If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。代词That与前一句话题一致；内容也一致。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是F。 跟踪训练3 (2023新课标II卷第40题) As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey. … The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 40 Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. A. Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don’t throw away your beginner art. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 【解析】 第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。 第二步：寻找关键信息。设空处位于段中，可能承上启下。分析设空处，空处位于段落第二句，此处应是对前一句的进一步解释，并同时引出后文，根据前文“The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. (你的旅程不会是一条笔直的道路)”以及后文“Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. (坚持下去，给它时间，付出努力。你将收获艺术生活的回报)”可知，E项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。结合语境，E项“You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. (你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁)”是对前句的进一步说明，和后文构成顺承关系。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是E。 跟踪训练4 (2021新课标I卷第37题) My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36(F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.) So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. 37 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it. A. Not all the customers are tourists. B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. 【解析】 第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。 第二步：寻找关键信息。设空处位于段中，可能承上启下。上文“Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing worked.(与普通的巴黎公寓不同，水管工作正常)”说明作者租的公寓的情况，C项“有一个漂亮的厨房和一张舒适的床”继续说明公寓的配置，承接上文，符合题意。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是C。 03 顾后型段中句 1.题型概述 从最近五年高考考情统计表，段中设空题数量多（2-4题）、难度大（涉及前后句逻辑关系）、区分度好而备受命题者青睐，同时也是考生失分重灾区，务必引起重视。 2.思维导图 3.解题思路 第一步：利用段落小标题概括引领作用，对本段主旨做到心中有数； 第二步：研读空格处前一句和后一句，判断是过渡句还是细节衔接； 第三步：从词语复现、代词一致和逻辑一致角度浏览选项确定答案。 04顾后型段中句跟踪训练 跟踪训练1 (2024全国甲卷第40题) … One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 39(F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.) “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. “I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. 40 She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B. She has two children aged eight and four. C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. 【解析】 第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。 第二步：寻找关键信息。设空处位于段中，可能承上启下。根据下文“She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. (她完全打算留下来，继续做自己喜欢的事。)”可推知，设空处需体现她对工作的长期投入。G选项“She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. (她已经在这里服务了17年，无法想象在其他地方工作。)”中的“17 years”凸显服务年限之长，“can’t imagine working anywhere else”强化对咖啡馆的情感联结，与“staying”形成直接呼应。代词一致+同义词复现。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是G。 跟踪训练2 (2023新课标I卷第36题) Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 36 , but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. A. All plants are different B. Not only do they look beautiful C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 【解析】 第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型，同时该句并不完整属于残缺句。 第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找同义词、近义词或反义词等关键词。根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成not only…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。 跟踪训练3 (2021全国甲卷第37题) A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers. ●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. 37 , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable. A. Less people than that B. Hold a clothing swap C. If two people are competing D. Just keep music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 【解析】 第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型，同时该句并不完整属于残缺句。 第二步：寻找关键信息。设空处位于段中，可能承上启下。下文“and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable.”（可能没有足够的东西可供选择；多于这个数量，它就变得无法控制。）说明多于或少于一定数量的人数将会导致一些麻烦。所以空白处应是针对下文中的“more than that”提出的相反的假设，即少于一定数量的人。A项“Less people than that”（少于这些人）提出一种假设，和下文中“more than that”相对，说明人数不宜太多，也不能太少。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是A。 01瞻前顾后型段中句 1.题型概述 从最近五年高考考情统计表，段中设空题数量多（2-4题）、难度大（涉及前后句逻辑关系）、区分度好而备受命题者青睐，同时也是考生失分重灾区，务必引起重视。 2.思维导图 3.解题思路 第一步：利用段落小标题概括引领作用，对本段主旨做到心中有数； 第二步：研读空格处前后句，判断是过渡句、细节句还是平行结构； 第三步：从词语复现、代词一致和逻辑一致角度浏览选项确定答案。 02瞻前顾后型段中句跟踪训练 跟踪训练1　(2022全国甲卷第39题) One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 39 “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B. She has two children aged eight and four. C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. 【解析】 第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。 第二步：寻找关键信息。设空处位于段中，可能承上启下。根据上文“Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. (乔安娜•赖特是政治学专业的大四学生，她热爱咖啡，每周至少去这家咖啡馆六天。)”及下文““Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. (赖特说“凯瑟琳总是笑容满面，这总能让我心情愉快。”)”可推知，设空处需说明她频繁去咖啡馆的原因。F选项“Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. (去咖啡馆让她一天有个好的开始，并为上课做好准备。)”中的“starts her day off good”解释了“每周去六天”的动机，且“cheerful mood”与墨菲的微笑服务形成因果关系。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是F。 跟踪训练2(2024新课标I卷第40题) For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work,” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. 40 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A. I don’t often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. C. But I still don’t want to replace them. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information. 【解析】 第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。 第二步：寻找关键信息。设空处位于段中，可能承上启下。上文“To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work,” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of ”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是D。 跟踪训练3（2024新课标II卷第38题） … ●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. 38 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights? … A. Visit during off-peak times. B. So, should we stop traveling? C. Travel for you and no one else. D. Can overtourism be avoided then? E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 【解析】 第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。 第二步：寻找关键信息。设空处位于段中，可能承上启下。前文“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的选择)及后文“Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?( 为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点，E选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”语境一致。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是E。 03利用逻辑关系破解段中句 1.命题特点 在理解阅读材料时，把握文章脉络、弄清其中的逻辑关系至关重要。如果文章或选项中出现了表示逻辑关系的词，考生可以利用这些词进行推断；如果没有出现，那么考生就需要全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境来厘清文章的内在逻辑关系，从而做出正确的判断。 2.思维导图 2.解题思路 第一步：充分利用段落标题或段落主题句把握段落大意。 第二步：高度重视空格后面衔接性词语,如for exapmple。 第三步：根据衔接性词语倒推空格前后逻辑关系来作答。 04利用逻辑关系跟踪训练 跟踪训练1（2023新课标I卷第39题）例证关系 Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 36 (D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.) You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 37 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 【解析】 第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。 第二步：寻找关键信息。设空处位于段中，可能承上启下。根据空前内容“In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths. ”(在日记或纸上写上“个人优点”。)”以及空后内容“Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of.(你有爱心吗？有创造力吗？你慷慨吗？是一个好的倾听者？与人相处很有趣吗？它们不一定要改变世界，只要你个性中让你感到自豪的方面就行。)”可知，空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。注意选项和文本同义转换：put the heading=list, personal strengths= characteristics you like about yourself. 选项B “Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself.(现在列出所有你喜欢的自己身上的特点。)”符合上下文内容，下文内容具体解释那些是优点。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。 跟踪训练2（2022全国乙卷第40题）转折关系 … ·Don’t rely on technology alone 40 , but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 【解析】 第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型，同时该句并不完整属于残缺句。 第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找同义词、近义词或反义词等关键词。设空处所在句子的后半句“but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require more conscious effort to sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“social media”呼应了该段的小标题“Don’t rely on technology alone”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technology”。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是F。 跟踪训练3 (2018全国I卷第38题) 总分关系 … Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37(While all of them are useful), they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. 38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. … The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. … A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever you’re looking for C. If you’re experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 【解析】 第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于段落中间，属于段中句类型。 第二步：寻找关键信息。设空处位于段中，注意到本句提到三种花色需要作出决定。上一段结尾提到三种选择: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones。接下来分别一一介绍。且该段中作者提到小物品如小靠垫、镜子、篮子等的颜色可以给房间带来视觉上的乐趣，以及其他好处。由此可知，本段介绍的是small color choices。 第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是D。 01 阅读七选五段中句答题误区 1.忽略代词指代关系 段中句常涉及代词（如 this/that/they/it）与前文的呼应，但考生易因未明确指代对象而误选。例如，2023 年新高考I卷某段中，空格后出现they，但部分考生未注意到前文“colleagues才是其指代对象，误选了以 managers为主语的干扰项。此类错误多因 “只看空格前，不看空格后” 导致。 2.逻辑关系判断失误 因果、转折、递进等逻辑关系是段中句的核心考点。例如，2022年全国卷某段前句提到 “锻炼能提升免疫力”，空格后用However转折，正确选项应包含“过度锻炼有害”的内容，但部分考生因未识别转折词而选择顺承句。此外，伪逻辑词（如 but 后接无关内容）也会干扰判断。 3.主题偏离与过渡生硬 段中句需同时衔接前后文主题，若选项仅重复前文关键词但与后文无关，易导致主题断裂。例如，2021 年全国乙卷某段讨论 “时间感知”，某选项虽复现 “new things”，但未衔接后文 “年龄增长导致时间加速” 的结论，属于典型的 “承上不启下” 错误。 4.被词汇复现陷阱误导 命题人常将原文关键词嵌入干扰项，但选项整体逻辑与上下文矛盾。例如，2024 年新课标 II 卷某段空格前出现 relaxation，干扰项 “A hobby is for relaxation” 看似匹配，但后文强调 “passion 需投入精力”，正确选项应为对比两者差异的句子。 02 阅读七选五段首句误区应对 1.关注代词指代，明确关联对象 在解答段中句题目时，一旦发现选项中存在代词，比如“this”“that”“they”“it”等，要立即在空格前后的文本中寻找与之对应的指代内容。可以将代词和可能的指代对象进行标记，通过对比单复数形式、语义的匹配度来验证。例如2023年新高考I卷的某一段落中，空格后出现they，考生就需要在空格前的内容里确定they所指代的复数名词，像colleagues等，进而排除那些以不匹配的名词为主语的选项。 2.剖析逻辑关系，巧用逻辑词辅助 因果、转折、递进等逻辑关系是段中句的关键考点。对于因果关系，当看到空格前后出现because， therefore等词时，要去选项中寻找能清晰呈现因果链条的句子。以2024年浙江卷的某段为例，前面提到 “睡眠不足影响效率”，那么正确选项就应该是能体现“所以要重视睡眠时长”这类因果关联的句子，如Thus, prioritize 7 - 8 hours of sleep。 3.紧扣段落主题，保证前后连贯 从宏观角度看，要确保所选选项与整个段落的主旨保持一致。例如2023年全国卷中，某段围绕“室内设计颜色选择”展开，正确选项“Small color choices are familiar to us”既承接了前文关于颜色选择大小分类的内容，又自然地引出后文对家具颜色搭配的讨论，始终紧扣室内设计颜色选择这一主题。从微观层面来说，选项要能同时关联前后文的关键词。 4.识破词汇复现陷阱，综合判断选项 词汇复现是常见的解题线索，但不能仅依据词汇复现就草率选择答案。首先要识别选项中是否存在原词复现，同时要警惕“同词不同义”的陷阱。2022年全国卷为例，前文讲“运动提升情绪”，正确选项 Exercise releases endorphins不仅有exercise的复现，更重要的是从逻辑上解释了运动提升情绪的原因，而不是仅仅重复词汇。 03 阅读七选五段中 句满分策略 1.通读全文快速把握大意，初步确定体裁和话题。 2.浏览段首句把握结构和大意，留意空后衔接词。 3.注意平行结构和前后句逻辑关系,防止形意错位。 4.必要时瞻前顾后通读，复查逻辑线索是否一致。 七选五段首句综合能力提升 真题专区：研读高考真题，洞悉高考命题规律，探寻满分做题技巧和应试思维 01（2020全国I卷） A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36 瞻前顾后型Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction. ● 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world. ●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 38 顾后型 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? “That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.” ●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39 ●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40 瞻前顾后型 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? A. Feeling upset again? B. Where do you start? C. Nothing is too small to celebrate. D. Remember, you are only human. E Set an intention for self-acceptance. F. Stop comparing yourself with others. G. When does the comparison game start? 【答案】36-40 BFDCA 【导读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个自我接纳的小技巧。 36. B。根据题目A Few Tips for Self-acceptance及下文的Here's a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction.(这有很多可以帮你找到正确方向的方法。)可知，选项B. Where do you start? (从哪里开始那？)最合下文语境。 37. F。根据下文Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only one in this world.可知，本段主要讲述不要把自己和别人作比较，因为生活是我们自己的，我们也是世界上独一无二的。故F. Stop comparing yourself with others.可以作为本段中心句。 38. D。根据本文的中心句Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made.及下文的You will make mistakes, time and time again.可知，选项D. Remember, you are only human.与上下文衔接最好。 39. C。根据上文List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today.(列出你所有的成就。你有了一份工作，拿到了学位，今天就起床了。)可知，选项C. Nothing is too small to celebrate.(没有什么事是太小而不值得庆祝。)与上文衔接最好。 40. A。结合上文Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don't feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself.和下文的Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are?可知，选项A. Feeling upset again?最合上下文语境。 02（2020全国III卷） A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the panty. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 36 瞻前顾后型 And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents. 37 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant. 38 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39 Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 40 瞻前型 Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm. A. This isn’t usual though. B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party. C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests. D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place. E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like. F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together. G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter. 【答案】36-40 EBCAG 【导读】本文是说明文，介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。 36. E。上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。E项与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的。 37. B。下文Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant. 列举了参加聚会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具、窗帘、艺术品或绿植。这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项概括了本段内容，引出下文。 38. C。本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn' t a lot of food served.指出因为新搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享搬家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。 39. A。本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见的，A项表达了此意，与上文衔接。 40. G。上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring firewood to a new home as a gift.可知人们会带柴火作为礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。G项符合语境。 03（2020全国III卷） In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 瞻前顾后型While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance. Do's • 37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight. • Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 38 瞻前型 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same. Don'ts • Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39 • Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 瞻前顾后型 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments. A. That's what they are for. B. Turn to an online instructor for help. C. If more information is needed, they will ask. D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails. E. Below are some common do's and don’ts for online learners. F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another. G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions. 【答案】36. E37. G38. A39. C40. F 【解析】本文为说明文。在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌。 36.根据文章段落结构和本段首句In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important.可知，在网络课堂上，与教授建立健康的交流模式是非常重要的，作者在下文中列举了一些规矩与禁忌，故E项符合语境。 37.根据其后一句Questions about subject content are generally welcomed.（与课程内容相关的问题是受欢迎的），解释了什么样的问题是好问题，G项“make sure they are good, thoughtful questions”与后一句相呼应，要提一些好的令人深思的问题，故选G。 38.根据前一句Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue.可知，要参与论坛讨论、博客和其他开放式的对话论坛。而这正是网络课堂采用的交流的途径，故选A。 39.根据本段Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends.可知，教授不是训练有素的护士，不是经济援助专家，也不是你最好的朋友，所以不要分享个人信息或故事，如果他们需要更多信息的话，他们会主动问起的，故C项符合语境。 40.通读本段，并根据本段主题句Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class.告诫读者，每个人都可能曾经上过不太好的课，不要在社交媒体上攻击教授，不要公开表达对教授或班级的不满，要利用课程评价冷静地提出你的意见。选项F承上启下。故选F。 模拟专区：精选名校真题好题，帮你锤炼做题技巧，助力冲刺备考圆梦高考 04（25-26高三上·河北石家庄·开学考试） For countless generations, trillions of coral polyps (珊瑚虫) have lived and died, leaving behind a material called limestone (石灰岩). Throughout history, limestone was used to construct the Great Pyramid of Egypt, as well as many churches and castles. 1 . They can be even larger in scale than the most impressive buildings and structures made by humans. A diversity of life A living coral reef is a “city beneath the sea” filled with a rich variety of life. Most coral reefs can be found in warm, shallow oceans. They occupy a small part of the ocean floor, but host 25 percent of all ocean life. Each reef is full of colorful fish as well as coral that forms wonderful patterns. 2 , the reefs serve as vital food sources for fish. Threats to coral reefs Human activities pose serious threats to coral reefs around the world. 3 . Additionally, illegal fishing methods also harm reefs. These methods can help fishermen get a good catch, but their negative effects on the reefs are significant. Blast (爆破) fishing involves setting off bombs in the water to kill as many fish as possible. This kills most living things nearby and causes damage to the reef’s structure. 4 . A 2018 UN report warned that up to 99 percent of the world’s coral reefs could decline if climate change continues. 5 These threats to coral reefs are serious, but there is hope for coral reef survival. If we take steps toward coral reef conservation, it is likely that these tiny creatures — which survived natural threats for millions of years — will be able to rebuild. A．Reasons for hope B．Methods of protection C．In addition to their beauty D．Apart from this ocean life E．Moreover, global warming has caused many reefs to become sick F．For example, reefs can be damaged when the coral is used as building materials G．However, the most impressive limestone formations can be found underwater in the form of coral reefs 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．F 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了珊瑚礁的形成、其丰富的生物多样性，以及面临的人类活动和气候变化等威胁，最后提及保护珊瑚礁仍有希望。 1．根据空前的“Throughout history, limestone was used to construct the Great Pyramid of Egypt, as well as many churches and castles. (纵观历史，石灰岩被用来建造埃及的大金字塔，以及许多教堂和城堡。)”以及空后的“They can be even larger in scale than the most impressive buildings and structures made by humans. (它们的规模甚至可能比人类建造的最令人印象深刻的建筑和构筑物还要大。)”可知，此空应转折说明最令人印象深刻的石灰岩构造是水下的珊瑚礁，“they”指代珊瑚礁。G选项“However, the most impressive limestone formations can be found underwater in the form of coral reefs (然而，最令人印象深刻的石灰岩构造以珊瑚礁的形式存在于水下)”中的“limestone formations”与前文“limestone”相呼应，“however”形成转折，符合语境。故选G项。 2．根据空前的“Each reef is full of colorful fish as well as coral that forms wonderful patterns. (每个珊瑚礁都充满了色彩斑斓的鱼以及形成奇妙图案的珊瑚。)”以及空后的“the reefs serve as vital food sources for fish. (珊瑚礁是鱼类重要的食物来源。)”可知，此空应承接前文珊瑚礁的美观，补充说明其除了美观之外的作用。C选项“In addition to their beauty (除了它们的美观之外)”中的“their”指代前文的“reefs”，“in addition to”引出下文的其他作用，符合语境。故选C项。 3．根据空前的“Human activities pose serious threats to coral reefs around the world. (人类活动对世界各地的珊瑚礁构成了严重威胁。)”可知，此空应举例说明人类活动对珊瑚礁的具体威胁。F选项“For example, reefs can be damaged when the coral is used as building materials (例如，当珊瑚被用作建筑材料时，珊瑚礁可能会受到破坏)”中的“for example”承接前文，举例说明人类利用珊瑚作为建材这一活动对珊瑚礁的威胁，符合语境。故选F项。 4．根据空前的“Blast (爆破) fishing involves setting off bombs in the water to kill as many fish as possible. This kills most living things nearby and causes damage to the reef’s structure. (爆破捕鱼是指在水中引爆炸弹，以杀死尽可能多的鱼。这会杀死附近的大多数生物，并破坏珊瑚礁的结构。)”以及空后的“A 2018 UN report warned that up to 99 percent of the world’s coral reefs could decline if climate change continues. (2018年联合国的一份报告警告称，如果气候变化继续下去，全球高达99%的珊瑚礁可能会衰退。)”可知，此空应补充说明另一个威胁珊瑚礁的因素——全球变暖。E选项“Moreover, global warming has caused many reefs to become sick (此外，全球变暖已经导致许多珊瑚礁患病)”中的“moreover”承接前文的爆破捕鱼威胁，引出全球变暖这一威胁，且与空后“climate change”相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。 5．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落相同，应为名词短语形式，根据空后的“These threats to coral reefs are serious, but there is hope for coral reef survival. If we take steps toward coral reef conservation, it is likely that these tiny creatures — which survived natural threats for millions of years — will be able to rebuild. (这些对珊瑚礁的威胁是严重的，但珊瑚礁的生存仍有希望。如果我们采取措施保护珊瑚礁，这些在数百万年里抵御了自然威胁的微小生物或许能够重建家园。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与珊瑚礁生存的希望相关。A选项“Reasons for hope (希望的理由)”能概括本段主题，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。 05（25-26高三上·福建莆田·开学考试） Starting a new school can be a scary experience, especially when it comes to making friends. But don’t worry, there are plenty of ways to meet new people and build meaningful relationships. Here are some tips to help you make friends in a new school. 1 It’s important to be honest about who you are. Trying to be someone you’re not will only make it harder to form genuine friendships. People are more likely to connect with you if they can see the real you. So, don't be afraid to show your personality and interests.​ Second, join clubs or organizations. 2 Whether it’s a sports team, a drama club, or a book group, joining a club is a great way to meet people who share your interests. You’ll have something in common to talk about, which can make it easier to start conversations and build friendships.​ Third, be friendly and approachable. Smile, make eye contact, and say hello to people you pass in the hallways. 3 Ask them questions about themselves and listen to their answers. Showing a genuine interest in others can go a long way in making friends.​ Fourth, take the initiative. Don’t wait for others to come to you. If you see someone sitting alone at lunch or in class, go over and introduce yourself. 4 Invite them to join you for an activity or to hang out after school. Taking the first step can be scary, but it's often the best way to make new friends.​ Finally, be patient. Making friends takes time, so don’t get discouraged if you don’t form close relationships right away. 5 Keep putting yourself out there, and eventually, you'll find people who you connect with and who will become your friends. A．First, be yourself.​ B．Everyone is nervous in a new environment.​ C．These groups are full of people with similar hobbies.​ D．It's also a good idea to participate in class discussions.​ E．Simple gestures like these can make you seem more friendly.​ F．It may take a few weeks or even months to find your group of friends.​ G．You never know, they might be feeling just as lonely as you are.​ 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．E 4．G 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在新学校交朋友的一些建议。 1．后文“It’s important to be honest about who you are. Trying to be someone you’re not will only make it harder to form genuine friendships. People are more likely to connect with you if they can see the real you. So, don’t be afraid to show your personality and interests.​(对自己诚实是很重要的。试图成为别人只会让你更难建立真正的友谊。如果人们能看到真实的你，他们更有可能与你建立联系。所以，不要害怕展示你的个性和兴趣。)”强调要诚实地展现自己是谁，试图伪装成别人只会让建立真挚友谊变得更难，人们更愿意和真实的你建立联系。选项A“First, be yourself.(首先，做你自己)”，准确概括了这部分内容，且First与后文的Second，Third等表述相呼应，引出了关于做自己这一交友建议的阐述。故选A项。 2．前文“Second, join clubs or organizations.(第二，加入俱乐部或组织。)”提到“加入俱乐部或组织”，后文“Whether it’s a sports team, a drama club, or a book group, joining a club is a great way to meet people who share your interests. You'll have something in common to talk about, which can make it easier to start conversations and build friendships.​(无论是运动队、戏剧俱乐部还是读书小组，加入俱乐部都是结识志同道合之人的好方法。你们会有一些共同的话题，这可以让开始谈话和建立友谊变得更容易。)”举例说明无论是运动队、戏剧俱乐部还是读书小组，加入俱乐部是结识有共同兴趣的人的好方法。选项C“These groups are full of people with similar hobbies.(这些团体里满是有相似爱好的人)”，“这些团体”指代前文的俱乐部或组织，“有相似爱好的人”与后文提到的有共同兴趣相契合，解释了加入俱乐部能交友的原因。故选C项。 3．前文“Smile, make eye contact, and say hello to people you pass in the hallways.(微笑，眼神交流，在走廊上和你经过的人打招呼)”描述了“微笑、眼神交流以及向在走廊遇到的人打招呼”等行为，后文“Ask them questions about themselves and listen to their answers. Showing a genuine interest in others can go a long way in making friends.​(问他们一些关于他们自己的问题，听听他们的回答。对别人表现出真诚的兴趣对交朋友大有帮助。)”说“询问他们关于自己的事情并倾听他们的回答，对他人表现出真诚的兴趣在交友中大有帮助”。选项E“Simple gestures like these can make you seem more friendly.(像这样简单的举动会让你看起来更友善)”，“像这样简单的举动”指代前文的微笑、眼神交流和打招呼等行为，“更友善”引出后文进一步说明友善行为在交友中的作用。故选E项。 4．前文“Fourth, take the initiative. Don't wait for others to come to you. If you see someone sitting alone at lunch or in class, go over and introduce yourself.(第四，主动出击。不要等着别人来找你。如果你看到有人在午餐或上课时独自坐着，走过去自我介绍一下。)”建议主动出击，去交友。选项G“You never know, they might be feeling just as lonely as you are.(你永远不知道，他们可能和你一样感到孤独)”，解释了主动去和独自坐着的人交流的原因，因为对方可能也渴望交友。故选G项。 5．前文“Making friends takes time, so don’t get discouraged if you don’t form close relationships right away.(交朋友需要时间，所以如果你不能马上建立亲密的关系，也不要气馁。)”强调“交朋友需要时间”。选项F“It may take a few weeks or even months to find your group of friends.(可能需要几周甚至几个月才能找到你的朋友圈子)”，进一步说明了交朋友所需的时间，与前文要有耐心等待建立友谊的内容相呼应。故选F项。 06（25-26高三上·湖南长沙·开学考试） There is a growing trend in medicine: doctors are prescribing time in nature to their patients to address a wide variety of physical and mental health concerns. These “nature prescriptions (处方)” aren’t just feel-good recommendations. 1 Scott Kaiser, MD, a director of geriatric cognitive health at the Pacific Neuroscience Institute, is one of these doctors. “Nature has a profound impact on healthy aging and overall well-being,” he explains. “There are several factors in healthy aging—diet, exercise, mindfulness, community, creativity and a sense of purpose. 2 I can’t overstate how powerful nature can be as a healer.” Here are some common ways of natural healing. “Sensory walks” are an easy way to get started. Dr. Kaiser advises walking mindfully through nature while focusing on all five senses, paying attention to what you can see, smell, hear, touch and even taste. “Leave your gadgets at home,” he adds, “so you can be undistracted and really experience it all.” Another prescription gaining popularity is cold therapy. 3 Immerse yourself in water that feels uncomfortably cold and stay there for 30 seconds to a minute. Most people start with water that’s about 10℃ to 15℃, though some go colder as their tolerance increases. 4 Try simply walking for 15 minutes in the early morning. Sunlight exposure boosts vitamin D, crucial for overall health. And getting early morning sunlight in your eyes will help refresh you. Other simple prescriptions include gardening, hiking, biking or swimming. And if active pursuits feel like too much, even just sitting outdoors on a park bench can help, as it may improve your immune system and lower the risk of cancer. 5 Nature prescriptions can also lower stress, depression and anxiety while improving cognitive function. A．The benefits extend beyond physical health. B．But doctors suggest that it requires gradual adaptation. C．This practice involves exposing yourself to cold water. D．You’ll immediately be happier, healthier and more productive. E．If that sounds too intense, nature offers gentler alternatives, too. F．Instead, they’re evidence-based interventions backed by science. G．Being outdoors can provide access to all of these at the same time. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．C 4．E 5．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。医学中自然处方成趋势，有科学依据，能应对多种健康问题，文章主要介绍了感官散步、冷疗等方式，益处远超生理健康。 1．根据前文“These “nature prescriptions (处方)” aren’t just feel-good recommendations.( 这些“自然处方”不仅仅是让人感觉良好的建议。)”F选项“Instead, they’re evidence - based interventions backed by science.”（相反，它们是有科学依据的循证干预措施）与前文形成对比转折关系，进一步说明自然处方是有科学依据的，符合语境。故选F项。 2．根据前文“There are several factors in healthy aging—diet, exercise, mindfulness, community, creativity and a sense of purpose.( 健康老龄化有几个因素 —— 饮食、运动、正念、归属感、创造力和目标感。)”提到健康老龄化有几个因素，G选项“Being outdoors can provide access to all of these at the same time.( 在户外可以同时获得所有这些。)”这里的“all of these”指代前面提到的健康老龄化的几个因素，说明户外对健康老龄化的作用，符合语境。故选G项。 3．根据前文“Another prescription gaining popularity is cold therapy.( 另一种越来越受欢迎的处方是冷疗法。)”提到冷疗法。C选项“This practice involves exposing yourself to cold water.( 这种做法包括让自己暴露在冷水中。)”“This practice”指代冷疗法，具体说明了冷疗法是让自己接触冷水，符合语境。故选C项。 4．根据前文“Most people start with water that’s about 10℃ to 15℃, though some go colder as their tolerance increases.( 大多数人从10到15摄氏度的水开始，尽管有些人随着耐受性的增加而变得更冷。)”介绍了冷疗法这种相对较强烈的方式，后面提到“Try simply walking for 15 minutes in the early morning.( 试试在清晨简单地步行 15 分钟。)”这是比较温和的方式，E 选项“If that sounds too intense, nature offers gentler alternatives, too.( 如果那听起来太强烈了，大自然也提供了更温和的选择。)”起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选E项。 5．根据后文“Nature prescriptions can also lower stress, depression and anxiety while improving cognitive function.( 自然处方还可以减轻压力、抑郁和焦虑，同时提高认知功能。)”这是在说自然处方对心理健康方面的好处，A 选项“The benefits extend beyond physical health.( 好处不仅仅局限于身体健康。)”说明自然处方的好处不仅在身体方面，还延伸到心理等其他方面，符合语境。故选A项。 07（25-26高三上·广东广州·开学考试） Take a Thought Walk Have you ever considered when you get your best ideas? Or what you’re doing when the solution to a problem pops into your head? 1 But it could also be doing something unrelated, like taking a shower or washing the dishes. The best ideas can land when you least expect them — but there are things you can do to help them along, and that’s where walking comes in. Even a quick walk can reduce stress, clarify thinking or give your creativity a boost. Here’s why you should put your best foot forward. 2 Michelle, a 21-year-old university student, discovered walking as a teen when she was going through a tough period of stress. “My mum loves walking, so it was her who first suggested I go out for a walk,” she remembers. “Within about 10 minutes it made me feel so much better.” The benefit of walking goes beyond calming — it opens mental capacity. Gillian Mills, a high school teacher with 20 years of classroom experience, explains, “When students feel too stressed to think straight, we often suggest a walk outside. 3 Just picture stress like a balloon blowing up. It fills with air and pressure builds. Walking and taking big breaths of fresh air are like gently letting the pressure out…” 4 It holds partial focus, letting you notice your surroundings while your mind wanders in new directions. Whether you’re revising for an exam, feeling stuck on a school project or working through a friendship problem, going for a walk could help. Stanford University confirms this effect. They found a clear link between walking and creative thinking. 5 This suggests that it increases what the experts call “divergent thinking” — the process where the mind generates a wide range of possible ideas or solutions to a problem. A．It helps clear your head for new thoughts. B．Many experts believe walking improves mental health. C．Some people find their best ideas come when relaxing quietly. D．Critically, walking occupies just enough attention, but not all. E．Evidence for walking’s calming power comes from lived experience. F．It might be sitting at your desk in school or working at a computer. G．Participants in a study increased their brainstorming by 60% during/after walks. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．A 4．D 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要探讨散步如何激发创造性思维、缓解压力并提升问题解决能力，通过科学依据和真实案例说明步行对个人心智发展的积极影响。 1．由上文“Or what you’re doing when the solution to a problem pops into your head?(那么，当你突然想到解决问题的办法时，你正在做些什么呢？)”和下文“But it could also be doing something unrelated, like taking a shower or washing the dishes.(但它也可能在做其他的事情，比如洗澡或者洗碗)”可知，此处需要回答前面的问题并与后文对应，F选项“它可能就坐在你学校的课桌上，或者正坐在电脑前工作呢”在此处串联上下文，故选F。 2．根据后文“Michelle, a 21-year-old university student, discovered walking as a teen when she was going through a tough period of stress. “My mum loves walking, so it was her who first suggested I go out for a walk,” she remembers. “Within about 10 minutes it made me feel so much better.”(米歇尔，一位 21 岁的大学生，在青少年时期因经历了一段压力较大的时期而开始喜欢上散步。她回忆道：“我妈妈喜欢散步，所以是她最先建议我出去走走的。大约 10 分钟后，我感觉好多了。”)”可知，此处应是本段总起句，强调走路的缓解焦虑作用，E选项“步行具有镇静作用的证据来自于个人的亲身经历”起到了统领本段内容的作用，故选E。 3．由上文“The benefit of walking goes beyond calming — it opens mental capacity. Gillian Mills, a high school teacher with 20 years of classroom experience, explains, “When students feel too stressed to think straight, we often suggest a walk outside.(步行带来的益处远不止能让人放松——它还能提升思维能力。拥有 20 年教学经验的高中教师吉莉安·米尔斯解释道：“当学生们感到压力过大而无法清晰思考时，我们通常会建议他们出去走走。”)”和下文气球比喻“Just picture stress like a balloon blowing up. It fills with air and pressure builds.(想象一下压力就像一个气球在不断膨胀。它不断充气，压力也随之增大)”可知，此处强调散步帮助释放压力，理清思路的作用，A选项“它有助于让你的头脑清醒，从而产生新的想法”符合语境，故选A。 4．由后文“It holds partial focus, letting you notice your surroundings while your mind wanders in new directions. Whether you’re revising for an exam, feeling stuck on a school project or working through a friendship problem, going for a walk could help.(它能让你部分集中注意力，使你能够留意周围环境，同时让思绪在新的方向上自由驰骋。无论是为考试复习、在学业上遇到瓶颈还是解决友谊问题，出去散步或许会有所帮助)”可知，此段突出的是散步分散部分注意力，有帮于产生新想法的作用，D选项“重要的是，步行所占用的注意力恰到好处，但又并非过多”符合语境，故选D。 5．由上文“Stanford University confirms this effect. They found a clear link between walking and creative thinking.(斯坦福大学证实了这一现象。他们发现步行与创造性思维之间存在着明确的关联)”和下文“This suggests that it increases what the experts call “divergent thinking” — the process where the mind generates a wide range of possible ideas or solutions to a problem.(这表明，它能够增强专家们所说的“发散性思维”——即大脑在处理问题时能够产生大量可能的想法或解决方案的过程)”可知，此处需具体说明散步对创造性思维的作用，选项G“在一项研究中，参与者在散步期间/之后的头脑风暴次数增加了60%”中的“brainstorming”与下文的“divergent thinking”(发散思维)同义，直接对应研究发现，故选G。 08（25-26高三上·湖南·开学考试） Pursue Your Dreams Today, Not Tomorrow Have you caught yourself daydreaming about your dreams? We often postpone our dreams, trapped in a cycle of delay. But why wait? Starting small is completely acceptable. You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step. 1 And start right now. 2 If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going to wonder how your life would have turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be disappointed by your present self. It doesn’t matter how old you are or how many people have warned you that you’re never going to succeed. Even the most successful people have had their hesitations about whether they had what it took to make it in their field. 3 Embrace (拥抱) a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach. At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. If you allow your fear to get the best of you, you’re never going to forgive yourself. You need to move past your insecurities and explore your full potential. 4 So why aren’t you giving yourself that same push? Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight adjustments to your schedule, but you don’t have to sacrifice everything to follow your hearts. Try to strike a balance between your current life and your dreams. 5 Seize the moment to chase your dreams — even when it means breaking out of your comfort zone, even when the path ahead is unknown. A．Ask yourself what you want to accomplish. B．You can take minute steps to a brighter future. C．You owe it to yourself to go after your dreams. D．New opportunities may lead to personal growth. E．It’s what you would encourage your friends to do. F．If things go well, you can then make further shifts. G．Hard as it is, it’s vital to dismiss the doubts in your inner thoughts. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．G 4．E 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讨论了追求梦想的重要性，鼓励人们不要拖延，从现在开始采取小步骤去实现梦想，并强调了克服恐惧、怀疑以及平衡现实与梦想的必要性。 1．根据上文“Starting small is completely acceptable. You don't have to take a huge, life-changing step.(从小处开始是完全可接受的。你不必采取一个巨大的、改变生活的步骤)”可知，作者鼓励人们从小步骤开始，与B项“You can take minute steps to a brighter future.(你可以采取微小的步骤走向更光明的未来。)”表达的含义一致，故选B项。 2．根据下文“If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets(如果你从不尝试，你会被遗憾压垮)”可知，上文提到了如果你从不尝试，你会被遗憾压垮，可推理出本段强调追求梦想的重要性，与C项“You owe it to yourself to go after your dreams.(你应该去追求自己的梦想)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。 3．根据上文“Even the most successful people have had their hesitations about whether they had what it took to make it in their field(即使最成功的人也曾犹豫过自己是否具备在领域内成功的条件)”可知，成功者也有过怀疑，再根据下文“Embrace (拥抱) a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach(树立坚定的决心，要相信成功触手可及)”可知下文说的是要树立坚定的决心，要相信成功触手可及，可推理出空白处，强调克服怀疑的重要性，与G项“Hard as it is, it’s vital to dismiss the doubts in your inner thoughts.(尽管很难，但消除内心的疑虑至关重要)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。 4．根据上文“You need to move past your insecurities and explore your full potential(你需要克服不安全感，发掘自己的全部潜力)”以及下文“So why aren’t you giving yourself that same push?(那么你为什么不对自己施加同样的推动力呢？)”可知，上文说的是要克服不安全感，发掘自己的全部潜力，下文用一个问句提出“你为什么不对自己施加同样的推动力呢？”，可推理出空白处表示的是作者鼓励读者像鼓励朋友一样鼓励自己，与E项“It’s what you would encourage your friends to do.(这正是你会鼓励朋友去做的事)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。 5．根据上文“Try to strike a balance between your current life and your dreams.(努力在当前生活和梦想之间取得平衡)”可知，本段讨论在追求梦想的同时保持生活平衡，与F项“If things go well, you can then make further shifts.(如果进展顺利，你可以进一步调整)”表达的含义一致，强调逐步调整以实现梦想，故选F项。 09（25-26高三上·北京·开学考试） How to Improve Your Handwriting With most of today’s written communication typed out, you may not see much of a reason to improve your handwriting. But from time to time, you still need to fill out paper forms — and that’s exactly when you’ll realize your script looks not great. 1 You can start by giving yourself a fighting chance: sit down at a stable, spacious table or desk where you can write at your leisure. 2 If you’re a leftie, stay away from broad-nibbed fountain pens that might dispense a lot of ink with each stroke — you’ll likely end up with smudged words all over your page as your hand crosses your freshly written letters. Gel pens and ballpoint pens are usually quick-drying, so starting with those is a good idea. Righties have fewer restrictions, as most writing tools work well for them. Once you have your tools and setup, it’s time to write. 3 It can be anything: a story, your train of thought, or a transcription of a song you like. When you write, do it at a normal pace and pay attention to how you hold the pen. If your nails turn white from the force you’re exerting, your grip is too strong — relax your hand and try again. This is important because an excessively strong grip will lead to pain and discomfort, which can result in hand and wrist cramping, or even injury. On top of that, pain will affect the consistency of your handwriting and eventually deter you from putting pen to paper at all, rendering this whole process useless. 4 Pay attention to spacing, the slant of your letters, their height, their form, and their position relative to the guidelines you’re using. The most important elements to focus on are consistency and legibility, so go through your lines and highlight which words and letters differ most from the rest, and which could be misread. You know repetition is key to learning, and only through writing — again and again — will your body get used to the changes you want to make to your personal script. 5 You can do this by taking up a hobby like journaling or meditative writing. This will give you the opportunity to sit down for a few minutes each day and put your growing skills to good use. A．Then get a pen you like. B．Next, find a paper layout angle that suits your writing. C．Start by filling half to a whole page with fresh handwriting. D．The good news is, it’s never too late to get better at handwriting. E．When you’re done writing your practice page, take a look and analyze it. F．You can also write down your own train of thought if you can keep up with it. G．A helpful way to practice is to make these exercises part of your everyday life. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．E 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出虽当下多为电子书写，但仍需改善手写，介绍了改善手写的方法：选合适桌椅与笔、正常速度书写并注意握笔、写完分析、将练习融入日常以提升字迹。 1．根据上文“With most of today’s written communication typed out, you may not see much of a reason to improve your handwriting. But from time to time, you still need to fill out paper forms — and that’s exactly when you’ll realize your script looks not great.(如今的大部分书面交流都是通过键盘输入完成的，所以你可能觉得没有必要再去改进自己的书写了。但时不时地，你还是会需要填写纸质表格——而正是在这种时候，你才会意识到自己的字迹实在不怎么样)”可知，前文指出“仍需填写纸质表格，此时会发现字迹不佳”，后文开始介绍改善字迹的方法。本句承上启下，既回应“字迹差”的问题，又引出下文的解决方案，故D选项“好消息是，任何时候开始提高书写水平都不算晚”符合语境，故选D。 2．根据后文“If you’re a leftie, stay away from broad-nibbed fountain pens that might dispense a lot of ink with each stroke — you’ll likely end up with smudged words all over your page as your hand crosses your freshly written letters. Gel pens and ballpoint pens are usually quick-drying, so starting with those is a good idea. Righties have fewer restrictions, as most writing tools work well for them.(如果你是左撇子，就别用那种笔尖宽大的钢笔了，因为它们每次书写都会喷出大量的墨水，这样一来，你的手在书写完字母后又横过页面，很可能会把字迹弄得一团糟。而凝胶笔和圆珠笔通常干得快，所以先用它们开始书写是个不错的选择。右撇子则没有那么多限制，因为大多数书写工具对他们来说都很适用)”可知，后文围绕“左撇子应避免宽笔尖钢笔，建议用凝胶笔或圆珠笔；右撇子对工具限制少”展开，核心是“选择合适的笔”。故A选项“然后挑选一支你喜欢的笔”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据上文“Once you have your tools and setup, it’s time to write.(一旦你准备好工具并完成了设置，接下来就是开始书写了)”以及后文“It can be anything: a story, your train of thought, or a transcription of a song you like.(它可以是任何东西：一个故事、你的思考过程，或者是你喜欢的一首歌的歌词记录)”可知，前文提到 “准备好工具和书写环境后，就该开始写了”，后文说明 “内容可以是故事、思路等”，本句承接“开始写”的动作，具体说明“写什么量”，再由后文补充“写什么内容”，故C选项“首先，用新的字迹写满半页到整页”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据后文“Pay attention to spacing, the slant of your letters, their height, their form, and their position relative to the guidelines you’re using. The most important elements to focus on are consistency and legibility, so go through your lines and highlight which words and letters differ most from the rest, and which could be misread.(要注意间距、字母的倾斜度、高度、形状以及它们相对于所使用的基准线的位置。需要重点关注的最重要元素是一致性与可读性，所以请仔细检查每一行内容，找出与其余部分差异最大的单词和字母，以及哪些部分可能容易被误读)”可知，后文强调“关注间距、字母倾斜度、高度等，重点是一致性和可读性，标记差异大或易读错的部分”，核心是“写完后的分析”。故E选项“当你完成练习页的书写后，看一看并分析一下”符合语境，故选E。 5．根据上文“You know repetition is key to learning, and only through writing — again and again — will your body get used to the changes you want to make to your personal script.(你知道，反复练习是学习的关键，只有通过不断地书写——一遍又一遍地书写——你的身体才会适应你想要对个人字迹做出的改变)”以及后文“You can do this by taking up a hobby like journaling or meditative writing. This will give you the opportunity to sit down for a few minutes each day and put your growing skills to good use.(你可以通过培养一些爱好来实现这一点，比如写日记或者进行冥想式写作。这样你每天就能抽出几分钟的时间，将自己不断进步的技能发挥出来)”可知，前文指出“重复练习是关键，身体需适应字迹变化”，后文提到“通过写日记、冥想写作等爱好，每天花几分钟练习”。本句承接“重复练习”，并引出后文“融入日常的具体方式”，故G选项“一种有效的练习方法是将这些练习融入你的日常生活之中”符合语境，故选G。 10（25-26高二上·黑龙江·开学考试） Having a sense of humor means having the ability to let go and not take everything so seriously, and being able to laugh at life’s absurdities (荒谬). This skill can help you interact easily with others, improve your health, and even help deal with difficult situations. 1 You just have to learn to see the lighter side of things. If you might find it difficult, here are some ideas. Learn some jokes you find funny. If you want to bring some humor to social functions, learn a few basic jokes. You can look for humorous pictures and funny Internet memes (表情包) to share with others. 2 Practice using humor in your life. Start by using humor with trusted family and friends. Tell them your goal and ask them to be honest with you. 3 As you become more comfortable, expand your comfort zone by putting humor into conversations with people not so close to you. 4 Think about your funny friends. What kinds of jokes do they make? Spend more time with them and let their sense of humor influence you. Don’t be afraid to throw in a few funny comments. Be careful not to offend (冒犯) people. As you develop your sense of humor, make sure you avoid jokes that are impolite to others. 5 Therefore, when you’re expressing humor to someone, start soft and see how the person responds to it. A．Surround yourself with funny people. B．Everyone has their own sense of humor. C．True humor is genuine and reflects your personality. D．You don’t have to be funny to have a sense of humor. E．Continue telling jokes until they feel more natural to you. F．Listen to them if they tell you your jokes need improvement. G．Besides, you can also seek things going with your style of humor. 【答案】1．D 2．G 3．F 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了培养幽默感的方法。 1．根据空前的“This skill can help you interact easily with others, improve your health, and even help deal with difficult situations. (这种能力可以帮助你轻松地与他人互动，改善你的健康状况，甚至帮助你应对困难的情况。)”以及空后的“You just have to learn to see the lighter side of things. (你只需要学会看到事情轻松的一面。)”可知，此空应是说明拥有幽默感不一定需要自己很有趣。D选项“You don’t have to be funny to have a sense of humor. (拥有幽默感不一定要自己很有趣。)”承接前文对幽默感作用的介绍，且与空后“学会看到事情轻松一面”的表述相呼应，符合语境。故选D项。 2．根据空前的“If you want to bring some humor to social functions, learn a few basic jokes. You can look for humorous pictures and funny Internet memes (表情包) to share with others. (如果你想在社交场合增添一些幽默感，可以学几个简单的笑话。你可以找一些幽默的图片和有趣的网络表情包和别人分享。)”可知，此空应是补充说明还可以寻找符合自己幽默风格的事物。G选项“Besides, you can also seek things going with your style of humor. (此外，你还可以寻找符合你幽默风格的事物。)”中的“Besides”承接前文提到的学笑话、找幽默图片等方式，符合语境。故选G项。 3．根据空前的“Start by using humor with trusted family and friends. Tell them your goal and ask them to be honest with you. (首先从对你信任的家人和朋友使用幽默开始。告诉他们你的目标，并要求他们对你诚实。)”以及空后的“As you become more comfortable, expand your comfort zone by putting humor into conversations with people not so close to you. (当你感觉更自在时，扩大你的舒适区，在与不太亲近的人的对话中加入幽默。)”可知，此空应是说明如果家人朋友指出笑话需要改进，要听取他们的意见。F选项“Listen to them if they tell you your jokes need improvement. (如果他们告诉你你的笑话需要改进，要听取他们的意见。)”中的“them”指代前文的“trusted family and friends”，符合语境。故选F项。 4．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落相同，应为祈使句，根据空后的“Think about your funny friends. What kinds of jokes do they make? Spend more time with them and let their sense of humor influence you. (想想你那些有趣的朋友。他们会讲什么样的笑话？多花点时间和他们在一起，让他们的幽默感影响你。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与和有趣的人相处相关。A选项“Surround yourself with funny people. (让自己身边围绕着有趣的人。)”为祈使句，且能概括本段主题，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。 5．根据空前的“As you develop your sense of humor, make sure you avoid jokes that are impolite to others. (在你培养幽默感的过程中，确保你避免那些对别人不礼貌的笑话。)”以及空后的“Therefore, when you’re expressing humor to someone, start soft and see how the person responds to it. (因此，当你向某人表达幽默时，先温和一些，看看对方的反应。)”可知，此空应是说明每个人都有自己的幽默感，所以要注意对方的反应。B选项“Everyone has their own sense of humor. (每个人都有自己的幽默感。)”是后文“先温和表达并观察反应”的原因，符合语境。故选B项。 11（25-26高三上·湖北·开学考试） Take a Thought Walk Have you ever considered when you get your best ideas? Or what you’re doing when the solution to a problem pops into your head? 1 But it could also be doing something unrelated, like taking a shower or washing the dishes. The best ideas can land when you least expect them — but there are things you can do to help them along, and that’s where walking comes in. Even a quick walk can reduce stress, clarify thinking or give your creativity a boost. Here’s why you should put your best foot forward. 2 Michelle, a 21-year-old university student, discovered walking as a teen when she was going through a tough period of stress. “My mum loves walking, so it was her who first suggested I go out for a walk,” she remembers. “Within about 10 minutes it made me feel so much better.” The benefit of walking goes beyond calming — it opens mental capacity. Gillian Mills, a high school teacher with 20 years of classroom experience, explains, “When students feel too stressed to think straight, we often suggest a walk outside. 3 Just picture stress like a balloon blowing up. It fills with air and pressure builds. Walking and taking big breaths of fresh air are like gently letting the pressure out...” 4 It holds partial focus, letting you notice your surroundings while your mind wanders in new directions. Whether you’re revising for an exam, feeling stuck on a school project or working through a friendship problem, going for a walk could help. Stanford University confirms this effect. They found a clear link between walking and creative thinking. 5 This suggests that it increases what the experts call “divergent thinking” — the process where the mind generates a wide range of possible ideas or solutions to a problem. A．It helps clear your head for new thoughts. B．Many experts believe walking improves mental health. C．Some people find their best ideas come when relaxing quietly. D．Critically, walking occupies just enough attention, but not all. E．Evidence for walking’s calming power comes from lived experience. F．It might be sitting at your desk in school or working at a computer. G．Participants in a study increased their brainstorming by 60% during/after walks. 【答案】1．F 2．E 3．A 4．D 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要探讨散步如何激发创造性思维、缓解压力并提升问题解决能力，通过科学依据和真实案例说明步行对个人心智发展的积极影响。 1．由上文“Or what you’re doing when the solution to a problem pops into your head?(那么，当你突然想到解决问题的办法时，你正在做些什么呢？)”和下文“But it could also be doing something unrelated, like taking a shower or washing the dishes.(但它也可能在做其他的事情，比如洗澡或者洗碗)”可知，此处需要回答前面的问题并与后文对应，F选项“它可能就坐在你学校的课桌上，或者正坐在电脑前工作呢”在此处串联上下文。故选F。 2．根据后文“Michelle, a 21-year-old university student, discovered walking as a teen when she was going through a tough period of stress. “My mum loves walking, so it was her who first suggested I go out for a walk,” she remembers. “Within about 10 minutes it made me feel so much better.”(米歇尔，一位 21 岁的大学生，在青少年时期因经历了一段压力较大的时期而开始喜欢上散步。她回忆道：“我妈妈喜欢散步，所以是她最先建议我出去走走的。大约 10 分钟后，我感觉好多了。”)”可知，此处应是本段总起句，强调走路的缓解焦虑作用，E选项“步行具有镇静作用的证据来自于个人的亲身经历”起到了统领本段内容的作用。故选E。 3．由上文“The benefit of walking goes beyond calming — it opens mental capacity. Gillian Mills, a high school teacher with 20 years of classroom experience, explains, “When students feel too stressed to think straight, we often suggest a walk outside.(步行带来的益处远不止能让人放松——它还能提升思维能力。拥有 20 年教学经验的高中教师吉莉安·米尔斯解释道：“当学生们感到压力过大而无法清晰思考时，我们通常会建议他们出去走走。”)”和下文气球比喻“Just picture stress like a balloon blowing up. It fills with air and pressure builds.(想象一下压力就像一个气球在不断膨胀。它不断充气，压力也随之增大)”可知，此处强调散步帮助释放压力，理清思路的作用，A选项“它有助于让你的头脑清醒，从而产生新的想法”符合语境。故选A。 4．由后文“It holds partial focus, letting you notice your surroundings while your mind wanders in new directions. Whether you’re revising for an exam, feeling stuck on a school project or working through a friendship problem, going for a walk could help.(它能让你部分集中注意力，使你能够留意周围环境，同时让思绪在新的方向上自由驰骋。无论是为考试复习、在学业上遇到瓶颈还是解决友谊问题，出去散步或许会有所帮助)”可知，此段突出的是散步分散部分注意力，有帮于产生新想法的作用，D选项“重要的是，步行所占用的注意力恰到好处，但又并非过多”符合语境。故选D。 5．由上文“Stanford University confirms this effect. They found a clear link between walking and creative thinking.(斯坦福大学证实了这一现象。他们发现步行与创造性思维之间存在着明确的关联)”和下文“This suggests that it increases what the experts call “divergent thinking” — the process where the mind generates a wide range of possible ideas or solutions to a problem.(这表明，它能够增强专家们所说的“发散性思维”——即大脑在处理问题时能够产生大量可能的想法或解决方案的过程)”可知，此处需具体说明散步对创造性思维的作用，选项G“在一项研究中，参与者在散步期间/之后的头脑风暴次数增加了60%”中的“brainstorming”与下文的“divergent thinking”(发散思维)同义，直接对应研究发现。故选G。 26 / 33 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03七选五---段中句类 目录 01知识脑图·学科框架速建 02考点精析·知识能力全解 【知能解读01】七选五五年高考考情统计 【知能解读02】七选五五年高考考情解读 【知能解读03】七选五段中句考点分类 【知能解读04】阅读理解七选五解题步骤 【知能解读05】七选五满分突破思维导图 03 攻坚指南·高频考点突破 【重难点突破01】瞻前型段中句 【重难点突破02】瞻前型段中句跟踪训练 【重难点突破03】顾后型段中句 【重难点突破04】顾后型段中句跟踪训练 04 避坑锦囊·易混易错诊疗 【易混易错01】瞻前顾后型段中句 【易混易错02】瞻前顾后型跟踪训练 【易混易错03】利用逻辑关系破解段中句 【易混易错04】利用逻辑关系跟踪训练 05 通法提炼·高频思维拆解 【方法技巧01】阅读七选五段中句答题误区 【方法技巧02】阅读七选五段中句误区应对 【方法技巧03】阅读七选五段中句满分策略 01七选五五年高考考情统计 卷别 体裁 类别 主题 段首 段中 段尾 字数 2025全国一卷 记叙文 人与社会 咖啡馆里平凡英雄 0 4 0 258+85 2025全国二卷 说明文 人与社会 家庭共同参与志愿 2◆ 2 1 248+83 2024新课标I卷 说明文 人与自我 使用英语词典心得 1 4 0 273+61 2024新课标II卷 说明文 人与自我 如何避免过度旅游 1◆ 3 1 259+52 2024全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 讲述适度饮食概念 1◆ 3 1 264+70 2023新高考I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅办法 0 4 1 247+82 2023新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅建议 1◆ 3 1 261+63 2023全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 变得有耐心的方法 1◆ 3 1 252+51 2023全国乙卷 说明文 人与自然 室内绿植及其好处 0 4 1 282+69 2022新高考I卷 说明文 人与社会 如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1 257+76 2022新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 写文章好修改技巧 1◆ 4 0 237+74 2022全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 不同文化用餐礼仪 1 3 1 230+87 2022全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 维持异地友谊办法 3◆ 1 1 248+76 2021新高考I卷 记叙文 人与社会 巴黎一周生活经历 1 4 0 270+83 2021新高考II卷 说明文 人与社会 提高阅读速度建议 1◆ 2 2 250+75 2021全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 服装交换派对建议 1◆ 4 0 261+49 2021全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 宴会如何变得有趣 2 2 1 255+81 ◆代表有标题句 02七选五五年高考考情解读 1.题型概述 阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。 2.选材特点 选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。 话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。 3.命题特点 从最近五年高考真题来看，七选五考查以段中句为主，兼顾段首句（含标题句）和段尾句；从体裁来看，主要是说明文为主，兼顾记叙文；从话题来看，人与社会类占主流，人与自我和人与自然相对较少。 4.解题口诀 通览全文看文体，结构位置小标题； 再看选项定功能，标题位置加逻辑； 代词同派近反义，上下匹配关键词； 段句之间找逻辑，条并转递因释例。 03七选五段中句考点分类 04阅读理解七选五解题步骤 第一步：先做段首、段尾题，缩小排查范围因段首、段尾题要么是主题句(总结句)要么就是承上启下句，具有鲜明的语言特征题目简单，较易判定。做题时，先将这类题目的选项定位，既可缩小思考范围，又可使原文信息更加明了。 第二步：剩余选项细排查，利用句间关系来判定随着将段首、段尾题判定复位后，原文信息会更加明了，再次通读原文，理清剩余段中题的句间关系，将剩余选项对应复位。 第三步：代入选项通读原文，句通意畅来验证将所选答案代入文中，重点检查逻辑关系，看有无不合行文逻辑的现象。 05七选五满分突破思维导图 01 瞻前型段中句 1.题型概述 从最近五年高考考情统计表，段中设空题数量多（2-4题）、难度大（涉及前后句逻辑关系）、区分度好而备受命题者青睐，同时也是考生失分重灾区，务必引起重视。 2.思维导图 3.解题思路 第一步：利用段落小标题概括引领作用，对本段主旨做到心中有数； 第二步：研读空格处前一句和后一句，判断是否是前一句细节补充； 第三步：从词语复现、代词一致和逻辑一致角度浏览选项确定答案。 02瞻前型段中句跟踪训练 跟踪训练1 (2025全国二卷第36题) Unexpected Benefits of Volunteering as a Family Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults? 36 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family. … A. Helping the community lowers rates of depression. B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D. Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before. G. Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. 跟踪训练2 (2024全国甲卷第40题) Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it’s vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). 36 No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly. … A. I don’t often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. C. But I still don’t want to replace them. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information. 跟踪训练3 (2023新课标II卷第40题) As an artist who shares her journey on social media, I’m often asked by curious followers how to begin an art journey. Unfortunately, there is no magic list I can offer. I do remember, though, what it was like to be a complete beginner. So I’ve put together some good tips for starting an art journey. … The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path. 40 Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. A. Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don’t throw away your beginner art. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You’ll hit roadblocks, and you’ll feel discouraged at times. F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. G. You’ll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 跟踪训练4 (2021新课标I卷第37题) My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 36(F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians.) So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. The place wasn’t entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. 37 Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes,” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it’s a shame I don’t have much use for it. A. Not all the customers are tourists. B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E. That’s not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. G. The food is so delicious that you don’t need much of it to make you happy. 03 顾后型段中句 1.题型概述 从最近五年高考考情统计表，段中设空题数量多（2-4题）、难度大（涉及前后句逻辑关系）、区分度好而备受命题者青睐，同时也是考生失分重灾区，务必引起重视。 2.思维导图 3.解题思路 第一步：利用段落小标题概括引领作用，对本段主旨做到心中有数； 第二步：研读空格处前一句和后一句，判断是过渡句还是细节衔接； 第三步：从词语复现、代词一致和逻辑一致角度浏览选项确定答案。 04顾后型段中句跟踪训练 跟踪训练1 (2024全国甲卷第40题) … One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 39(F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class.) “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. “I enjoy working in the cafe,” Murphy said. 40 She has every intention of staying and continuing doing what she loves. A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B. She has two children aged eight and four. C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. 跟踪训练2 (2023新课标I卷第36题) Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 36 , but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. A. All plants are different B. Not only do they look beautiful C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s tongue are among the best F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 跟踪训练3 (2021全国甲卷第37题) A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes, the organization of the event, and, obviously, how much fun is had. It's really easy to do! Here are a few pointers. ●Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. 37 , and there may not be enough things to choose from; more than that, and it becomes uncontrollable. A. Less people than that B. Hold a clothing swap C. If two people are competing D. Just keep music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition 01瞻前顾后型段中句 1.题型概述 从最近五年高考考情统计表，段中设空题数量多（2-4题）、难度大（涉及前后句逻辑关系）、区分度好而备受命题者青睐，同时也是考生失分重灾区，务必引起重视。 2.思维导图 3.解题思路 第一步：利用段落小标题概括引领作用，对本段主旨做到心中有数； 第二步：研读空格处前后句，判断是过渡句、细节句还是平行结构； 第三步：从词语复现、代词一致和逻辑一致角度浏览选项确定答案。 02瞻前顾后型段中句跟踪训练 跟踪训练1　(2022全国甲卷第39题) One thing Murphy may not know is that her smile is contagious (有感染力) and can be the difference in a student having a much better day than they were having before seeing her. Joanna Wright, a senior political science major, loves coffee and goes to the cafe at least six days a week. 39 “Catherine always has a huge smile on her face, which always puts me in a cheerful mood,” Wright said. A. The cafe closes at 9 pm every day. B. She has two children aged eight and four. C. Sometimes she arrives early to serve the students early. D. After finishing an order, she calls out the name on the cup. E. Not only does this cafe serve up drinks, it also serves up smiles. F. Going to the cafe starts her day off good and gets her ready for class. G. She has served here for 17 years and can’t imagine working anywhere else. 跟踪训练2(2024新课标I卷第40题) For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson’s Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work,” wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of “dull”. 40 A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience. A. I don’t often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. C. But I still don’t want to replace them. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don’t always give you enough information. 跟踪训练3（2024新课标II卷第38题） … ●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. 38 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights? … A. Visit during off-peak times. B. So, should we stop traveling? C. Travel for you and no one else. D. Can overtourism be avoided then? E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 03利用逻辑关系破解段中句 1.命题特点 在理解阅读材料时，把握文章脉络、弄清其中的逻辑关系至关重要。如果文章或选项中出现了表示逻辑关系的词，考生可以利用这些词进行推断；如果没有出现，那么考生就需要全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境来厘清文章的内在逻辑关系，从而做出正确的判断。 2.思维导图 2.解题思路 第一步：充分利用段落标题或段落主题句把握段落大意。 第二步：高度重视空格后面衔接性词语,如for exapmple。 第三步：根据衔接性词语倒推空格前后逻辑关系来作答。 04利用逻辑关系跟踪训练 跟踪训练1（2023新课标I卷第39题）例证关系 Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 36 (D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness.) You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.” 37 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 跟踪训练2（2022全国乙卷第40题）转折关系 … ·Don’t rely on technology alone 40 , but long-distance friendships — even close ones — may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible. A. Remember important dates B. Compensate by writing letters C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind 跟踪训练3 (2018全国I卷第38题) 总分关系 … Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37(While all of them are useful), they can get a little complex. But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones. 38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable. Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. … The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. … A. While all of them are useful B. Whatever you’re looking for C. If you’re experimenting with a color D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways 01 阅读七选五段中句答题误区 1.忽略代词指代关系 段中句常涉及代词（如 this/that/they/it）与前文的呼应，但考生易因未明确指代对象而误选。例如，2023 年新高考I卷某段中，空格后出现they，但部分考生未注意到前文“colleagues才是其指代对象，误选了以 managers为主语的干扰项。此类错误多因 “只看空格前，不看空格后” 导致。 2.逻辑关系判断失误 因果、转折、递进等逻辑关系是段中句的核心考点。例如，2022年全国卷某段前句提到 “锻炼能提升免疫力”，空格后用However转折，正确选项应包含“过度锻炼有害”的内容，但部分考生因未识别转折词而选择顺承句。此外，伪逻辑词（如 but 后接无关内容）也会干扰判断。 3.主题偏离与过渡生硬 段中句需同时衔接前后文主题，若选项仅重复前文关键词但与后文无关，易导致主题断裂。例如，2021 年全国乙卷某段讨论 “时间感知”，某选项虽复现 “new things”，但未衔接后文 “年龄增长导致时间加速” 的结论，属于典型的 “承上不启下” 错误。 4.被词汇复现陷阱误导 命题人常将原文关键词嵌入干扰项，但选项整体逻辑与上下文矛盾。例如，2024 年新课标 II 卷某段空格前出现 relaxation，干扰项 “A hobby is for relaxation” 看似匹配，但后文强调 “passion 需投入精力”，正确选项应为对比两者差异的句子。 02 阅读七选五段首句误区应对 1.关注代词指代，明确关联对象 在解答段中句题目时，一旦发现选项中存在代词，比如“this”“that”“they”“it”等，要立即在空格前后的文本中寻找与之对应的指代内容。可以将代词和可能的指代对象进行标记，通过对比单复数形式、语义的匹配度来验证。例如2023年新高考I卷的某一段落中，空格后出现they，考生就需要在空格前的内容里确定they所指代的复数名词，像colleagues等，进而排除那些以不匹配的名词为主语的选项。 2.剖析逻辑关系，巧用逻辑词辅助 因果、转折、递进等逻辑关系是段中句的关键考点。对于因果关系，当看到空格前后出现because， therefore等词时，要去选项中寻找能清晰呈现因果链条的句子。以2024年浙江卷的某段为例，前面提到 “睡眠不足影响效率”，那么正确选项就应该是能体现“所以要重视睡眠时长”这类因果关联的句子，如Thus, prioritize 7 - 8 hours of sleep。 3.紧扣段落主题，保证前后连贯 从宏观角度看，要确保所选选项与整个段落的主旨保持一致。例如2023年全国卷中，某段围绕“室内设计颜色选择”展开，正确选项“Small color choices are familiar to us”既承接了前文关于颜色选择大小分类的内容，又自然地引出后文对家具颜色搭配的讨论，始终紧扣室内设计颜色选择这一主题。从微观层面来说，选项要能同时关联前后文的关键词。 4.识破词汇复现陷阱，综合判断选项 词汇复现是常见的解题线索，但不能仅依据词汇复现就草率选择答案。首先要识别选项中是否存在原词复现，同时要警惕“同词不同义”的陷阱。2022年全国卷为例，前文讲“运动提升情绪”，正确选项 Exercise releases endorphins不仅有exercise的复现，更重要的是从逻辑上解释了运动提升情绪的原因，而不是仅仅重复词汇。 03 阅读七选五段中 句满分策略 1.通读全文快速把握大意，初步确定体裁和话题。 2.浏览段首句把握结构和大意，留意空后衔接词。 3.注意平行结构和前后句逻辑关系,防止形意错位。 4.必要时瞻前顾后通读，复查逻辑线索是否一致。 七选五段首句综合能力提升 真题专区：研读高考真题，洞悉高考命题规律，探寻满分做题技巧和应试思维 01（2020全国I卷） A Few Tips for Self-Acceptance We all want it to accept and love ourselves. But at times it seems too difficult and too far out of reach. 36 瞻前顾后型Here’s a handful of ways that will set you in the right direction. ● 37 Do not follow the people who make you feel not-good-enough. Why do you follow them? Are you hoping that eventually you will feel empowered because your life is better than theirs? Know that your life is your own; you are the only you in this world. ●Forgive yourself for mistakes that you have made. We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. 38 顾后型 You will make mistakes, time and time again. Rather than getting caught up in how you could have done better, why not offer yourself a compassionate (有同情心) response? “That didn’t go as planned. But, I tried my best.” ●Recognize all of your strengths. Write them down in a journal. Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and achievements. You have a job, earned your degree, and you got out of bed today. 39 ●Now that you’ve listed your strengths, list your imperfections. Turn the page in your journal. Put into words why you feel unworthy, why you don’t feel good enough. Now, read these words back to yourself. 40 瞻前顾后型 Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. See how awesome you are? A. Feeling upset again? B. Where do you start? C. Nothing is too small to celebrate. D. Remember, you are only human. E Set an intention for self-acceptance. F. Stop comparing yourself with others. G. When does the comparison game start? 02（2020全国III卷） A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or moves into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the panty. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. 36 瞻前顾后型 And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents. 37 Some people register a list of things they want or need for their new home at a local or store or stores. Some common things people will put on a gift registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains. Even if there isn’t a registry, a good housewarming gift is something to decorate the new house with, like a piece of art or a plant. 38 This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn’t a lot of food served. There are usually no planned activities like games at a housewarming party. The host or hostess of the party will, however, probably give all the guests a tour of their new home. Sometimes, because a housewarming party happens shortly after a person moves into their new home, people may be asked to help unpack boxes. 39 Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. 40 瞻前型 Now most homes have central heating and don’t use fires to keep warm. A. This isn’t usual though. B. It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party. C. You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests. D. If you’re lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place. E. It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like. F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together. G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter. 03（2020全国III卷） In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 瞻前顾后型While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic（逻辑）of each to their particular circumstance. Do's • 37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight. • Participate in discussion forums（论坛）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 38 瞻前型 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same. Don'ts • Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39 • Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 瞻前顾后型 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments. A. That's what they are for. B. Turn to an online instructor for help. C. If more information is needed, they will ask. D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails. E. Below are some common do's and don’ts for online learners. F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another. G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions. 模拟专区：精选名校真题好题，帮你锤炼做题技巧，助力冲刺备考圆梦高考 04（25-26高三上·河北石家庄·开学考试） For countless generations, trillions of coral polyps (珊瑚虫) have lived and died, leaving behind a material called limestone (石灰岩). Throughout history, limestone was used to construct the Great Pyramid of Egypt, as well as many churches and castles. 1 . They can be even larger in scale than the most impressive buildings and structures made by humans. A diversity of life A living coral reef is a “city beneath the sea” filled with a rich variety of life. Most coral reefs can be found in warm, shallow oceans. They occupy a small part of the ocean floor, but host 25 percent of all ocean life. Each reef is full of colorful fish as well as coral that forms wonderful patterns. 2 , the reefs serve as vital food sources for fish. Threats to coral reefs Human activities pose serious threats to coral reefs around the world. 3 . Additionally, illegal fishing methods also harm reefs. These methods can help fishermen get a good catch, but their negative effects on the reefs are significant. Blast (爆破) fishing involves setting off bombs in the water to kill as many fish as possible. This kills most living things nearby and causes damage to the reef’s structure. 4 . A 2018 UN report warned that up to 99 percent of the world’s coral reefs could decline if climate change continues. 5 These threats to coral reefs are serious, but there is hope for coral reef survival. If we take steps toward coral reef conservation, it is likely that these tiny creatures — which survived natural threats for millions of years — will be able to rebuild. A．Reasons for hope B．Methods of protection C．In addition to their beauty D．Apart from this ocean life E．Moreover, global warming has caused many reefs to become sick F．For example, reefs can be damaged when the coral is used as building materials G．However, the most impressive limestone formations can be found underwater in the form of coral reefs 05（25-26高三上·福建莆田·开学考试） Starting a new school can be a scary experience, especially when it comes to making friends. But don’t worry, there are plenty of ways to meet new people and build meaningful relationships. Here are some tips to help you make friends in a new school. 1 It’s important to be honest about who you are. Trying to be someone you’re not will only make it harder to form genuine friendships. People are more likely to connect with you if they can see the real you. So, don't be afraid to show your personality and interests.​ Second, join clubs or organizations. 2 Whether it’s a sports team, a drama club, or a book group, joining a club is a great way to meet people who share your interests. You’ll have something in common to talk about, which can make it easier to start conversations and build friendships.​ Third, be friendly and approachable. Smile, make eye contact, and say hello to people you pass in the hallways. 3 Ask them questions about themselves and listen to their answers. Showing a genuine interest in others can go a long way in making friends.​ Fourth, take the initiative. Don’t wait for others to come to you. If you see someone sitting alone at lunch or in class, go over and introduce yourself. 4 Invite them to join you for an activity or to hang out after school. Taking the first step can be scary, but it's often the best way to make new friends.​ Finally, be patient. Making friends takes time, so don’t get discouraged if you don’t form close relationships right away. 5 Keep putting yourself out there, and eventually, you'll find people who you connect with and who will become your friends. A．First, be yourself.​ B．Everyone is nervous in a new environment.​ C．These groups are full of people with similar hobbies.​ D．It's also a good idea to participate in class discussions.​ E．Simple gestures like these can make you seem more friendly.​ F．It may take a few weeks or even months to find your group of friends.​ G．You never know, they might be feeling just as lonely as you are.​ 06（25-26高三上·湖南长沙·开学考试） There is a growing trend in medicine: doctors are prescribing time in nature to their patients to address a wide variety of physical and mental health concerns. These “nature prescriptions (处方)” aren’t just feel-good recommendations. 1 Scott Kaiser, MD, a director of geriatric cognitive health at the Pacific Neuroscience Institute, is one of these doctors. “Nature has a profound impact on healthy aging and overall well-being,” he explains. “There are several factors in healthy aging—diet, exercise, mindfulness, community, creativity and a sense of purpose. 2 I can’t overstate how powerful nature can be as a healer.” Here are some common ways of natural healing. “Sensory walks” are an easy way to get started. Dr. Kaiser advises walking mindfully through nature while focusing on all five senses, paying attention to what you can see, smell, hear, touch and even taste. “Leave your gadgets at home,” he adds, “so you can be undistracted and really experience it all.” Another prescription gaining popularity is cold therapy. 3 Immerse yourself in water that feels uncomfortably cold and stay there for 30 seconds to a minute. Most people start with water that’s about 10℃ to 15℃, though some go colder as their tolerance increases. 4 Try simply walking for 15 minutes in the early morning. Sunlight exposure boosts vitamin D, crucial for overall health. And getting early morning sunlight in your eyes will help refresh you. Other simple prescriptions include gardening, hiking, biking or swimming. And if active pursuits feel like too much, even just sitting outdoors on a park bench can help, as it may improve your immune system and lower the risk of cancer. 5 Nature prescriptions can also lower stress, depression and anxiety while improving cognitive function. A．The benefits extend beyond physical health. B．But doctors suggest that it requires gradual adaptation. C．This practice involves exposing yourself to cold water. D．You’ll immediately be happier, healthier and more productive. E．If that sounds too intense, nature offers gentler alternatives, too. F．Instead, they’re evidence-based interventions backed by science. G．Being outdoors can provide access to all of these at the same time. 07（25-26高三上·广东广州·开学考试） Take a Thought Walk Have you ever considered when you get your best ideas? Or what you’re doing when the solution to a problem pops into your head? 1 But it could also be doing something unrelated, like taking a shower or washing the dishes. The best ideas can land when you least expect them — but there are things you can do to help them along, and that’s where walking comes in. Even a quick walk can reduce stress, clarify thinking or give your creativity a boost. Here’s why you should put your best foot forward. 2 Michelle, a 21-year-old university student, discovered walking as a teen when she was going through a tough period of stress. “My mum loves walking, so it was her who first suggested I go out for a walk,” she remembers. “Within about 10 minutes it made me feel so much better.” The benefit of walking goes beyond calming — it opens mental capacity. Gillian Mills, a high school teacher with 20 years of classroom experience, explains, “When students feel too stressed to think straight, we often suggest a walk outside. 3 Just picture stress like a balloon blowing up. It fills with air and pressure builds. Walking and taking big breaths of fresh air are like gently letting the pressure out…” 4 It holds partial focus, letting you notice your surroundings while your mind wanders in new directions. Whether you’re revising for an exam, feeling stuck on a school project or working through a friendship problem, going for a walk could help. Stanford University confirms this effect. They found a clear link between walking and creative thinking. 5 This suggests that it increases what the experts call “divergent thinking” — the process where the mind generates a wide range of possible ideas or solutions to a problem. A．It helps clear your head for new thoughts. B．Many experts believe walking improves mental health. C．Some people find their best ideas come when relaxing quietly. D．Critically, walking occupies just enough attention, but not all. E．Evidence for walking’s calming power comes from lived experience. F．It might be sitting at your desk in school or working at a computer. G．Participants in a study increased their brainstorming by 60% during/after walks. 08（25-26高三上·湖南·开学考试） Pursue Your Dreams Today, Not Tomorrow Have you caught yourself daydreaming about your dreams? We often postpone our dreams, trapped in a cycle of delay. But why wait? Starting small is completely acceptable. You don’t have to take a huge, life-changing step. 1 And start right now. 2 If you never try, you’re going to be weighed down by your regrets. You’re always going to wonder how your life would have turned out if you actually took a chance on yourself. Don’t let your future self be disappointed by your present self. It doesn’t matter how old you are or how many people have warned you that you’re never going to succeed. Even the most successful people have had their hesitations about whether they had what it took to make it in their field. 3 Embrace (拥抱) a mindset of determination, knowing that success is within your reach. At the end of the day, you need to carve out a path for yourself that will lead to the most satisfaction. If you allow your fear to get the best of you, you’re never going to forgive yourself. You need to move past your insecurities and explore your full potential. 4 So why aren’t you giving yourself that same push? Sometimes, following your passion means spending a lot of your time each day. It may require making slight adjustments to your schedule, but you don’t have to sacrifice everything to follow your hearts. Try to strike a balance between your current life and your dreams. 5 Seize the moment to chase your dreams — even when it means breaking out of your comfort zone, even when the path ahead is unknown. A．Ask yourself what you want to accomplish. B．You can take minute steps to a brighter future. C．You owe it to yourself to go after your dreams. D．New opportunities may lead to personal growth. E．It’s what you would encourage your friends to do. F．If things go well, you can then make further shifts. G．Hard as it is, it’s vital to dismiss the doubts in your inner thoughts. 09（25-26高三上·北京·开学考试） How to Improve Your Handwriting With most of today’s written communication typed out, you may not see much of a reason to improve your handwriting. But from time to time, you still need to fill out paper forms — and that’s exactly when you’ll realize your script looks not great. 1 You can start by giving yourself a fighting chance: sit down at a stable, spacious table or desk where you can write at your leisure. 2 If you’re a leftie, stay away from broad-nibbed fountain pens that might dispense a lot of ink with each stroke — you’ll likely end up with smudged words all over your page as your hand crosses your freshly written letters. Gel pens and ballpoint pens are usually quick-drying, so starting with those is a good idea. Righties have fewer restrictions, as most writing tools work well for them. Once you have your tools and setup, it’s time to write. 3 It can be anything: a story, your train of thought, or a transcription of a song you like. When you write, do it at a normal pace and pay attention to how you hold the pen. If your nails turn white from the force you’re exerting, your grip is too strong — relax your hand and try again. This is important because an excessively strong grip will lead to pain and discomfort, which can result in hand and wrist cramping, or even injury. On top of that, pain will affect the consistency of your handwriting and eventually deter you from putting pen to paper at all, rendering this whole process useless. 4 Pay attention to spacing, the slant of your letters, their height, their form, and their position relative to the guidelines you’re using. The most important elements to focus on are consistency and legibility, so go through your lines and highlight which words and letters differ most from the rest, and which could be misread. You know repetition is key to learning, and only through writing — again and again — will your body get used to the changes you want to make to your personal script. 5 You can do this by taking up a hobby like journaling or meditative writing. This will give you the opportunity to sit down for a few minutes each day and put your growing skills to good use. A．Then get a pen you like. B．Next, find a paper layout angle that suits your writing. C．Start by filling half to a whole page with fresh handwriting. D．The good news is, it’s never too late to get better at handwriting. E．When you’re done writing your practice page, take a look and analyze it. F．You can also write down your own train of thought if you can keep up with it. G．A helpful way to practice is to make these exercises part of your everyday life. 10（25-26高二上·黑龙江·开学考试） Having a sense of humor means having the ability to let go and not take everything so seriously, and being able to laugh at life’s absurdities (荒谬). This skill can help you interact easily with others, improve your health, and even help deal with difficult situations. 1 You just have to learn to see the lighter side of things. If you might find it difficult, here are some ideas. Learn some jokes you find funny. If you want to bring some humor to social functions, learn a few basic jokes. You can look for humorous pictures and funny Internet memes (表情包) to share with others. 2 Practice using humor in your life. Start by using humor with trusted family and friends. Tell them your goal and ask them to be honest with you. 3 As you become more comfortable, expand your comfort zone by putting humor into conversations with people not so close to you. 4 Think about your funny friends. What kinds of jokes do they make? Spend more time with them and let their sense of humor influence you. Don’t be afraid to throw in a few funny comments. Be careful not to offend (冒犯) people. As you develop your sense of humor, make sure you avoid jokes that are impolite to others. 5 Therefore, when you’re expressing humor to someone, start soft and see how the person responds to it. A．Surround yourself with funny people. B．Everyone has their own sense of humor. C．True humor is genuine and reflects your personality. D．You don’t have to be funny to have a sense of humor. E．Continue telling jokes until they feel more natural to you. F．Listen to them if they tell you your jokes need improvement. G．Besides, you can also seek things going with your style of humor. 11（25-26高三上·湖北·开学考试） Take a Thought Walk Have you ever considered when you get your best ideas? Or what you’re doing when the solution to a problem pops into your head? 1 But it could also be doing something unrelated, like taking a shower or washing the dishes. The best ideas can land when you least expect them — but there are things you can do to help them along, and that’s where walking comes in. Even a quick walk can reduce stress, clarify thinking or give your creativity a boost. Here’s why you should put your best foot forward. 2 Michelle, a 21-year-old university student, discovered walking as a teen when she was going through a tough period of stress. “My mum loves walking, so it was her who first suggested I go out for a walk,” she remembers. “Within about 10 minutes it made me feel so much better.” The benefit of walking goes beyond calming — it opens mental capacity. Gillian Mills, a high school teacher with 20 years of classroom experience, explains, “When students feel too stressed to think straight, we often suggest a walk outside. 3 Just picture stress like a balloon blowing up. It fills with air and pressure builds. Walking and taking big breaths of fresh air are like gently letting the pressure out...” 4 It holds partial focus, letting you notice your surroundings while your mind wanders in new directions. Whether you’re revising for an exam, feeling stuck on a school project or working through a friendship problem, going for a walk could help. Stanford University confirms this effect. They found a clear link between walking and creative thinking. 5 This suggests that it increases what the experts call “divergent thinking” — the process where the mind generates a wide range of possible ideas or solutions to a problem. A．It helps clear your head for new thoughts. B．Many experts believe walking improves mental health. C．Some people find their best ideas come when relaxing quietly. D．Critically, walking occupies just enough attention, but not all. E．Evidence for walking’s calming power comes from lived experience. F．It might be sitting at your desk in school or working at a computer. G．Participants in a study increased their brainstorming by 60% during/after walks. 22 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$