第21讲 宾语从句（专项训练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

第21讲 宾语从句 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01 考查连接代词 考向02 考查连接副词 考向03 考查连接词that, whether, if 考向04 考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气 02 核心突破练 03 真题溯源练 考向01 考查连接代词 在空白处填入适当的单词。 1. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：几千年来，他们开始减少对从野外捕猎或采集的东西的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的作物。介词on后接宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的东西”，因此用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。 2. Almost 193 million people in 53 countries suffered from the U.N. called food insecurity in 2021. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：2021年，53个国家的近1.93亿人遭受联合国所谓的粮食不安全。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指的是事情示“53个国家的近1.93亿人遭受联合国所谓的粮食不安全”，因此用链连接代词what引导宾语从句。故填what。 3．Since he is a typical liar, for you own sake, you should not take he says seriously. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：他是个典型的说谎者，为了你自己，你不要把他的话当真。动词take后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，所以用连接代词what引导。故填what。 4．You should respect the views of others and at the same time insist on you think is right. 【答案】what/whatever 【解析】考查连接词。句意：你应该尊重别人的观点，同时坚持你认为是对的事情。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作insist on的宾语，表示“所……的事物”或“无论什么”，故填what/whatever。 5．I’m not sure is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. 【答案】which/who 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道哪一个/谁更害怕，是我还是突然冒出来的那只雌性大猩猩。我走在中非共和国森林中的一条小路上。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，表示哪一个应该用which；或者分析宾语从句，从句缺少主语，且指人，也可用who。故填which或者who。 6．The company is willing to hire can contribute to their ongoing projects. 【答案】whoever 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：该公司愿意聘用任何能为其进行中项目做出贡献的人。空格处需要一个连接词，引导宾语从句，同时作从句的主语，此处 强调“任何有能力的人”需使用 whoever。故填 whoever。 7. This has proved to have a negative effect on you think of your physical appearance. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：事实证明，这对你对自己外表的看法有负面影响。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指事物，应用连接代词what。故填what。 8. Don’t repeat I’ve told you to anyone, it’s private. 【答案】what 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：不要把我告诉你的话告诉任何人，这是私事。空格处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“不要把我告诉你的话告诉任何人”，因此用what引导宾语从句，故填what。 考向02 考查连接副词 在空白处填入适当的单词。 1. In the middle of the Pacific Ocean, a memorial shaped like a bridge was set up in the sunken remains of Arizona lay. 【答案】where 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：在太平洋中央，一座桥状的纪念碑矗立在亚利桑那号沉没残骸所在的地方。该空需要一个连词引导宾语从句作介词in的宾语，宾语从句中缺少地点状语，应填where在从句中作地点状语，表示“……所在的地方”。故填where。 2. I noticed for the first time old Mama and Papa looked. Papa seemed shorter, and Mama’s hair was silver now. 【答案】how 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我第一次注意到爸爸妈妈看起来有多老。爸爸看起来更矮了，妈妈的头发变成了银色。空处引导宾语从句，作noticed的宾语，修饰形容词old用how，表示“如何、多么”。故填how。 3. That was the moment I started to understand people say “Horses are at the heart of Mongolian culture”. 【答案】why 【解析 】考查连接词。句意：我顿时明白了为什么人们说“马是蒙古文化的核心”了。understand后接宾语从句，表示“为什么”，用连接词副词why。故填why。 4．Standards of beauty in the media can have a big influence on you feel about your physical appearance. 【答案】how 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：媒体的审美标准会对你如何看待自己的外表产生很大影响。设空处引导宾语从句，作on的宾语，引导词在从句中作方式状语，表示“如何；怎样”应用连接副词how引导该从句。故填how。 5．She’s driven to a forested area near she was found. 【答案】where 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：她被驱赶到她被发现的附近一片森林所在的区域。空处引导宾语从句，作介词near的宾语，从句缺少地点状语，故填where。． 6．I walked over and asked him he wasn’t with the other children. 【答案】why 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我走过去问他为什么不和其他孩子在一起。此处空格后是宾语从句，结合句意，应用连接副词why引导宾语从句并在从句中作原因状语，故填why。 5. Do you know exactly he lives? It seems that it’s not far from here. 【答案】where 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：你知道他具体住在哪里吗？看来离这儿不远。根据下文“It seems that it’s not far from here.”可知，问的是住哪里，从句中缺少地点状语，应用连接副词where引导宾语从句。故填where。 6. I really want to know you manage to keep the place so tidy while being so busy. 【答案】how 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我真的很想知道你是怎么在这么忙的同时把这个地方保持得这么整洁的。设空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how引导该从句。故填how。 考向03 考查连接词that, whether, if 在空白处填入适当的单词。 1. We know that honesty is an important value and lying is wrong, but who honestly say that they have never told a lie? 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们知道诚实是一种重要的价值观，说谎是错误的，但谁会诚实地说自己从未说过谎呢？分析句子结构，“ lying is wrong”是并列宾语从句，从句句意完整，不缺少成分，应用连词that引导；that引导的并列宾语从句中，第一个that可以省略，第二个引导词that不省略。故填that。 2．The historian believed steam power was the key to industrial revolution and the period brought about the appearance of an urban working class. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：历史学家认为蒸汽动力是工业革命的关键，且这一时期带来了城市工人阶级的出现。steam power was the key to industrial revolution和the period brought about the appearance of an urban working class是并列的宾语从句，作动词believe的宾语；第一个宾语从句前省略了引导词that，空处引导第二个宾语从句，从句不缺成分，语义完整，用that引导，但第二个宾语从句that不可省略。故填that。 3．The man explained that the child heard nothing strange and the shell caught a range of sounds too faint for human ears. 【答案】that 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：那个人解释说，孩子没有听到任何奇怪的声音，并且贝壳捕捉到了一系列人类耳朵难以察觉的微弱声音。“explained”后面跟了两个并列的宾语从句，“the shell caught a range of sounds too faint for human ears”是第二个宾语从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，应用连词that引导从句；且当有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时，第二个及后面的从句的引导词that不能省略。故填that。 4．We must make it clear to the public something should be done to stop pollution. 【答案】that 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：我们必须向公众明确表示，应该采取措施阻止污染。分析句子可知，本句中it为形式宾语，而something should be done to stop pollution为宾语从句作逻辑宾语，从句句意完成且不缺成份，所以应用that引导。故填that。 5. According to the theory, spending 20 minutes in a park daily helps to reduce stress, regardless of people exercise in it or simply take a walk. 【答案】whether 【解析】考查连接词。句意：根据这一理论，无论人们是在公园里锻炼还是只是散步，每天在公园里呆20分钟都有助于减轻压力。介词of后接宾语从句，whether…or…“无论是……还是……”，符合语境。故填whether。 6．She wondered her favorite singer would perform at the concert tonight. 【答案】if/whether 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：她想知道她最喜欢的歌手今晚是否会在音乐会上表演。设空处引导宾语从句作动词wondered宾语，从句结构完整，句意表达不确定的疑问或猜测“是否……”，表示“是否”用连接词if/whether。故填if/whether。 7．Educationalists argue teachers should ask proper questions to provoke students’ creativity. 【答案】that 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：教育学家认为教师应该提出适当的问题来激发学生的创造力。空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that引导宾语从句，故填that。 8．The 18th-century philosopher Kant argued the universe ultimately consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable. 【答案】that 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：18 世纪的哲学家康德认为，宇宙最终是由不可知的物自体组成的。分析句子可知，句中“argued”后接宾语从句，从句“the universe ultimately consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable”为完整的陈述句，不缺主语、宾语等成分，因此应用连接词“that”引导宾语从句，“that”在从句中不充当句子成分，仅起连接作用。故填that。 9．For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn't bother taking a look, as I had assumed it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. 【答案】that 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：“图书馆”开放后的几个月里，我都懒得去看一看，因为我以为里面都是无聊的爱情小说。 动词assumed后接宾语从句，从句it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories成分完整、意义明确，需用连接词that引导，that在宾语从句中无实际意义。故填that。 10. The official made it clear he would do everything possible to solve the problem. 【答案】that 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这位官员明确表示，他将尽一切可能解决这个问题。句中it作形式宾语，设空处引导名词性从句作真正宾语，从句句意完整，不缺成分，用连接词that引导。故填that。 11．I hate when people speak with their mouths full. 【答案】it 【解析】考查it用法。句意：我讨厌那种嘴里还塞着食物就说话的情况。此处为句型hate it when...，it作形式宾语，故填it。 12．To give full play to family gatherings, the Spring Festival lasts for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. Many people consider a great opportunity to taste traditional cuisine such as dumplings, sticky rice cakes, and fried meatballs, and share the joy of the festival with their loved ones. 【答案】it 【解析】考查it用法。句意：为了充分展现家庭团聚的氛围，春节会持续15天，直至元宵节结束。许多人认为这是一个品尝诸如饺子、糯米糕和炸肉丸等传统美食，并与亲人共享节日欢乐的绝佳机会。此处为句型consider it+n.+不定式，it作形式宾语，故填it。 题型一 主语从句汉译英 把下列汉语句子翻译成英语。 1．她常常好奇未来的生活会是什么样子。(汉译英) 【答案】She often wonders about what life will be like in the future. 【解析】考查宾语从句。“常常”使用副词often，描述经常发生的事情，使用一般现在时，“好奇”使用动词短语wonder about，“未来的生活会是什么样子”译为一个宾语从句，描述将来的事情，使用一般将来时，“未来”使用介词短语in the future，“生活”使用名词life作主语，“是什么样子”使用be like，主语表示单数意义，be动词使用is，引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，故翻译为：She often wonders about what life will be like in the future. 2．高中感觉就像一场大冒险，我有点害怕，但主要是兴奋。我迫不及待地想看看明天会发生什么！(汉译英) 【答案】High school feels like a big adventure, and I’m a little scared, but mostly excited. I can’t wait to see what tomorrow brings! 【解析】考查时态、短语及并列句。表示“高中”用high school，作主语；表示“感觉就像”用feel like，此处描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用三单形式feels；表示“一场大冒险”用a big adventure，作宾语；表示“我”用I，用逗号隔开，与前文构成并列句；表示“有点害怕”用be a little scared，主语为I，be动词用am；表示“但主要是兴奋”用but mostly excited，与前文构成转折关系；表示“我迫不及待地想看看”用I can’t wait to see，后接宾语从句；表示“明天会发生什么”用what tomorrow brings，作see的宾语。故翻译为High school feels like a big adventure, and I’m a little scared, but mostly excited. I can’t wait to see what tomorrow brings! 3．没有人能准确地预测将来会发生什么事。不过，我相信未来人们会更快乐。(rejection) (汉译英) 【答案】No one can predict what will happen in the future accurately. Nevertheless, I believe people will be happier in the future. 【解析】考查时态和宾语从句。“没有人能准确地预测将来会发生什么事”是第一个句子，主语“没有人”可以用不定代词no one表示，“能”用情态动词can，谓语“预测”用动词predict，在情态动词后用原形式，宾语“将来会发生什么事”处理为宾语从句what will happen in the future，“准确地”作方式状语，用副词accurately；“不过，我相信未来人们会更快乐”是第二个句子，“不过”可以用副词nevertheless表转折，用逗号与句子主干隔开，主语“我”用人称代词I，谓语“相信”用动词believe，描述说话人现在的想法，用一般现在时态，宾语“未来人们会更快乐”处理为宾语从句that people will be happier in the future，连词that可省略，其中使用一般将来时态描述将来的事情。综上，全句译为：No one can predict what will happen in the future accurately. Nevertheless, I believe people will be happier in the future. 4．该研究表明健康与生活方式的选择有关，特别是饮食和体育运动。(relate) (汉译英) 【答案】The research indicates that health is related to the choice of lifestyle, especially diet and physical exercise. 【解析】考查宾语从句、固定短语和时态。根据中文语境可知，句子描述的是科学研究的客观事实，应用一般现在时，可用主从复合句去表达。“该研究”译为the research，作主语；“表明”译为indicate作谓语，应用第三人称单数形式，后接that宾语从句。从句里，从句主语“健康”为health，“与……有关”用所给提示词relate的固定短语be related to，作谓语；主语为不可数名词，be动词用is；“生活方式的选择”译为the choice of lifestyle。“特别是”译为especially；“饮食”译为diet，“体育运动”译为physical exercise，它们整体用于对lifestyle的进一步补充说明。故整句话可译为：The research indicates that health is related to the choice of lifestyle, especially diet and physical exercise. 5．得知他偷走了他的手机，汤姆怒火中烧。（汉译英） 【答案】Learning that he stole his mobile phone, Tom got mad. 【解析】考查宾语从句，非谓语动词，固定短语和时态。“得知”是learn，其后跟that引导宾语从句，因和主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语；“偷走了”是steal，是过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，steal的过去式是stole；“他的手机”是his mobile phone，作宾语；“怒火中烧”是get mad，时态用一般过去时，get的过去式是got。故答案为Learning that he stole his mobile phone, Tom got mad. 6．他的父母认为他有能力靠自己解决这个问题。 (汉译英) 【答案】His parents think he is capable of solving the problem on his own. 【解析】考查时态，宾语从句和固定短语。描述一般事实用一般现在时，他的父母认为表达为“his parents think”，后面处理为宾语从句，他为从句主语he，有能力做某事用固定短语be capable of，自己解决这个问题表达为“solve the problem on his own”，接在介词of后作宾语，solve用动名词，宾语从句成分完整，不缺少意思，用that连接或者省略that，故翻译为His parents think he is capable of solving the problem on his own. 7．交叉双臂可能暗示一个人感到紧张或防御。(汉译英) 【答案】Crossing one’s arms may imply that a person is nervous or defensive. 【解析】考查非谓语及宾语从句。表示“交叉双臂”用cross one’s arms，在句中作主语，应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母大写，故为Crossing one’s arms；表示“可能”用情态动词may，后接动词原形；表示“暗示”用imply，后接宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分且句意完整，故用that引导；表示“一个人”用a person；表示“感到紧张或防御”用be nervous or defensive，结合语境可知，从句用一般现在时描述客观事实，主语为a person，be动词用is。故翻译为Crossing one’s arms may imply that a person is nervous or defensive. 8．学生低头看自己的手表通常暗示他感到无聊。(汉译英) 【答案】A student looking down at his watch usually implies that he feels bored. 【解析】考查动词时态、非谓语动词以及宾语从句。本句描述客观情况，要用一般现在时。句首主语“学生”用A student表示，“低头看自己的手表”作后置定语修饰主语，表示主动，用现在分词结构，翻译成looking down at his watch，his对应后面的“他”。“通常”翻译成usually，“暗示”是句中的谓语动词，对应的英语是imply。主语是单数名词，谓语要用第三人称单数形式implies。“他感到无聊”翻译成that引导的宾语从句，用that he feels bored表示，feel必须变成第三人称单数形式feels。故填A student looking down at his watch usually implies that he feels bored. 9．以我的英语能力，我相信我能胜任这个职位。(qualification)(汉译英) 【答案】With my English competence, I am sure I have the qualifications for the position. 【解析】考查宾语从句。表示“以我的英语能力”用with my English competence，为介词短语作状语；表示“我”用I，作主语；表示“相信”用be sure，结合语境可知句子时态是一般现在时，主语是I，be动词用am；be sure后面接宾语从句，that引导该从句，被省略；表示“我能胜任这个职位”翻译为“have the qualifications for the position”，为宾语从句的内容。故翻译为With my English competence, I am sure I have the qualifications for the position. 10．幸福不是期求所缺，而是享受我们现在拥有的东西。(宾语从句; possess) (汉译英) 【答案】Happiness is not wishing for what we don’t have, but enjoying what we do possess. 【解析】考查宾语从句和动词。本句描述一般性事实，用一般现在时；“幸福”使用名词happiness作主语，句子首字母大写；“不是……而是……”使用固定句型not...but...；“期求”使用动词短语wish for作谓语；“所缺”是宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，表示“……的东西”，使用连接词what引导，从句表示“我们没有的”，使用一般现在时，谓语动词使用don’t have；“享受”使用动词enjoy作谓语；“我们现在拥有的东西”是宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，表示“……的东西”，使用连接词what引导，从句表示“我们现在拥有的”，使用一般现在时，谓语动词使用possess，主语为we，谓语动词用原形，其前加助动词do，表示强调。故翻译为Happiness is not wishing for what we don’t have, but enjoying what we do possess. 题型二 主语从句英译汉 把下列英语句子翻译成汉语。 1．衷心希望你能抓住机会，全力以赴，成为一名优秀的志愿者。(seize the chance)  (汉译英) 【答案】I sincerely hope you can seize the chance and make every effort to become a good volunteer. 【解析】考查宾语从句和动词短语。句子描述现在的一般情况，应用一般现在时。主句主语为“我”I，“衷心”sincerely，副词作状语修饰后面谓语动词“希望”hope，后接省略that的宾语从句，从句主语“你”you，“能”can，情态动词后应用动词原形，“抓住机会”seize the chance，“全力以赴做某事”make every effort to do，“成为一名优秀的志愿者”become a good volunteer，中间用and连接两个并列的动作seize与make。故翻译为I sincerely hope you can seize the chance and make every effort to become a good volunteer. 2．我要求学生对考试做好充分的准备。(request；宾语从句) 【答案】I request (that) the students (should) be well prepared for the exam. 【解析】考查形容词短语、动词、名词、宾语从句和虚拟语气。句子应该是描述当前的情况，时态宜用一般现在时，主语“我”用代词I，谓语“要求”可用动词request；“学生对考试做好充分的准备”是request的具体内容，可用that引导的宾语从句作其宾语，且that可省略，宾语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语部分用“should+动词原形”的形式，且should可以省略，主语“学生”可用名词the students，“对……做好充分的准备”可用形容词短语be well prepared for，“考试”可用名词the exam。故可译为：I request (that) the students (should) be well prepared for the exam. 3．Students should apply what they have learned in class to their life. (英译汉) 【答案】学生应该把课堂上学到的知识应用到生活中。 【解析】考查动词短语和宾语从句。主语Students译为“学生”，动词短语apply...to...译为“把……应用到……”，作谓语，what引导宾语从句“what they have learned in class”，译为“课堂上学到的东西”，介词宾语their life译为“他们的生活”。综上，全句译为：学生应该把课堂上学到的东西应用到生活中。 4．I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again. (英译汉) 【答案】我得承认，再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。 【解析】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，本句是含有宾语从句的复合句，主语是I“我”，have to admit“不得不承认；得承认”，that引导宾语从句，从句中it是形式主语，真正主语是to be back in the city again“再次回到这座城市”，definitely“确实；肯定地”，feels good“感觉不错；感觉良好”。故本句可译为：我得承认，再次回到这座城市的感觉确实很不错。 5．Everyone is good at something and it’s important to find out what that is for each student. (英译汉) 【答案】每个人都擅长某件事，找出每个学生擅长什么是很重要的。 【解析】考查动词短语和宾语从句。Everyone意为“每个人”；is good at为固定搭配，意为“擅长”；something意为“某件事”；it’s important to find out what that is for each student.意为“找出每个学生擅长什么是很重要的”，其中，it is important to do sth是固定句型，it为形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语；what引导宾语从句，在从句中作表语，that指代上文中的something。故答案是：每个人都擅长某件事，找出每个学生擅长什么是很重要的。 6．He didn’t know he’d soon get the chance that he’d been waiting for. （英译汉） 【答案】他不知道他将要得到他等待已久的机会。 【解析】考查宾语从句和定语从句。“He didn’t know”表示“他不知道”，后跟宾语从句“he’d soon get the chance”，意为“他很快会得到机会”，即“他不知道他将要得到机会”；“that he’d been waiting for”为定语从句，修饰先行词“chance”，表示“他等待已久的机会”。故全句译为：他不知道他将要得到他等待已久的机会。 7．Scientists are conducting research on how plastic pollution affects marine life. (英译汉) 【答案】科学家正在研究塑料污染 如何影响海洋生物。 【解析】考查句子结构及词汇翻译。本句为主谓宾结构。主语Scientists译为“科学家”，谓语“are conducting research on”译为“正在研究”，其中“conduct research on”为固定短语，意为“对……进行研究”。宾语为“how plastic pollution affects marine life”，这是由“how”引导的宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。“plastic pollution”译为“塑料污染”，affects译为“影响”，“marine life”译为“海洋生物”。按照中文表达习惯，将宾语从句置于“研究”之后，故翻译为：科学家正在研究塑料污染如何影响海洋生物。 8．I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions. (英译汉) 【答案】我了解到山东最著名的食物是煎饼卷大葱。 【解析】考查动词、宾语从句和非谓语动词。本句是一个主从复合句，主句陈述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时。“I”是主句主语，意为“我”；谓语动词“learnt”，意为“了解到”；“that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions”是that引导的宾语从句，作learnt的宾语，从句描述的是客观事实，时态为一般现在时。在宾语从句中，“the most famous food in Shandong”是主语，意为“山东最著名的食物”；系动词“is”连接表语“pancake rolls”，意为“煎饼”；“stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions”是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰pancake rolls，“stuffed with”意为“塞满；填满”，“sliced Chinese green onions”意为“切成片的大葱”。故翻译为：我了解到山东最著名的食物是煎饼卷大葱。 9．Throughout my studies I realized that there was no difference between me and my teammates. (英译汉) 【答案】在我的整个学习过程中，我意识到我和我的队友之间没有任何区别。 【解析】考查介词短语，动词和宾语从句。本句是一个主从复合句，陈述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时。“Throughout my studies”是时间状语，表示“在我的整个学习过程中”；主句主语是“I”为“我”，谓语动词是“realized”译为“意识到”，“that there was no difference between me and my teammates”是that引导的宾语从句，作realized的宾语，在宾语从句中，“there was”是there be句型，表示“有”，“there was no difference between me and my teammates”译为“我和我的队友之间没有任何区别” 。故本句可译为：在我的整个学习过程中，我意识到我和我的队友之间没有任何区别。 10．Though affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance, Henry (亨利) was capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness. (英译汉) 【答案】尽管在表演之后，亨利逐渐被失明影响，但他还是能够作曲并且他发现创作音乐能给他带来解脱，并且治好了他的病。 【解析】考查状语从句的省略和短语。though意为“尽管”，可引导让步状语从句。本句话使用了状语从句的省略，即当状语从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致且含有be动词时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略，状语从句的完整结构为“Though Henry was affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance”，省略后剩下“Though affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance”，意为“尽管在表演之后，亨利逐渐被失明影响”。be capable of“能够做某事”，后面接了动名词作宾语，“writing compositions”意为“作曲”。and并列两个句子，found为find的过去式，在句中作谓语动词，意为“发现”，后面接宾语从句。“creating music”意为“创造音乐”，为动名词作主语，a relief意为“一种解脱”，a cure for “治疗……”，illness意为“疾病”。故翻译为：尽管在表演之后，亨利逐渐被失明影响，但他还是能够作曲并且他发现创作音乐能给他带来解脱，并且治好了他的病。 1.（2022年浙江1月卷）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely. 【答案】 if/whether 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if“是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。 2.（2020年北京卷）Oliver says if you're lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them __________you can join in when it's possible. 【答案】 if/whether 【解析】考查连词。句意：问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ you can join in when it's possible.是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。 3.（2022新课标II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know _________ to thank him.” 【答案】how 【解析】让你回报9- 考查宾语从句。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。 4.（2021年北京卷）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ________ she lived． 【答案】where 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词about后是宾语从句，根据句意，此处用where“在哪里；……的地方”符合句意，从句中作地点状语，故填where。 5.（2023天津3月卷）People who value their privacy are concerned about _________Google might do with the information it is gathering. A．that B．what C．why D．how 【答案】B 【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：重视隐私的人担心谷歌可能会对其收集的信息做些什么。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句。宾语从句中缺少宾语，表示“谷歌可能做的事情”，所以用连接代词what引导宾语从句。故选B。 6.（2012年上海·高考真题）每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验。(stand) (汉译英) 【答案】Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time. 【解析】考查宾语从句和动词时态以及固定搭配。根据句子的语境判断，句子应该用一般现在时，表示一般的客观事实，注意主谓一致，根据动词stand用法：stand sth.经受住某事；“希望：hope that+宾语从句，其中连词that可省略”。every designer (每位设计师)，his work (他的作品)，the test of time (时间的考验)，故译为：Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time. 7.（2016年上海·高考真题）我真希望自己的文章有朝一日能见报。（hope） 【答案】I really hope that my article will be published in a newspaper someday. 【解析】考查动词时态和宾语从句。分析句子成分，该句子主句的谓语动词是hope，前面用really修饰，“自己的文章有朝一日能见报”是动词hope后的宾语从句，用that来引导。从句的主语“我的文章”译为my article，“发表”用动词publish表达。“见报”用in a newspaper表达。“有朝一日”表达为副词someday，通常和一般将来时连用。“文章”和“发表”之间是被动关系，所以用一般将来时的被动，即will be published。故翻译为：I really hope that my article will be published in a newspaper someday. 8．（2012年上海·高考真题）每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验。(stand) 【答案】Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time. 【解析】考查动词时态和宾语从句。句意：每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验。Every designer每位设计师，是主句主语；hope希望，是主句谓语；hope后面加宾语从句，由that引导；his work他的作品，是从句主语；can stand能够经受，从句谓语；the test of time时间的考验，从句宾语。整个句子陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主句主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式，从句不缺成分，用连接词that引导。故答案是Every designer hopes that his work can stand the test of time.。 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第21讲 宾语从句 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01 考查连接代词 考向02 考查连接副词 考向03 考查连接词that, whether, if 考向04 考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气 02 核心突破练 03 真题溯源练 考向01 考查连接代词 在空白处填入适当的单词。 1. Over thousands of years, they began to depend less on could be hunted or gathered from the wild, and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. 2. Almost 193 million people in 53 countries suffered from the U.N. called food insecurity in 2021. 3．Since he is a typical liar, for you own sake, you should not take he says seriously. 4．You should respect the views of others and at the same time insist on you think is right. 5．I’m not sure is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I’m walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. 6．The company is willing to hire can contribute to their ongoing projects. 7. This has proved to have a negative effect on you think of your physical appearance. 8. Don’t repeat I’ve told you to anyone, it’s private. 考向02 考查连接副词 在空白处填入适当的单词。 1. In the middle of the Pacific Ocean, a memorial shaped like a bridge was set up in the sunken remains of Arizona lay. 2. I noticed for the first time old Mama and Papa looked. Papa seemed shorter, and Mama’s hair was silver now. 3. That was the moment I started to understand people say “Horses are at the heart of Mongolian culture”. 4．Standards of beauty in the media can have a big influence on you feel about your physical appearance. 5．She’s driven to a forested area near she was found. 6．I walked over and asked him he wasn’t with the other children. 5. Do you know exactly he lives? It seems that it’s not far from here. 6. I really want to know you manage to keep the place so tidy while being so busy. 考向03 考查连接词that, whether, if 在空白处填入适当的单词。 1. We know that honesty is an important value and lying is wrong, but who honestly say that they have never told a lie? 2．The historian believed steam power was the key to industrial revolution and the period brought about the appearance of an urban working class. 3．The man explained that the child heard nothing strange and the shell caught a range of sounds too faint for human ears. 4．We must make it clear to the public something should be done to stop pollution. 5. According to the theory, spending 20 minutes in a park daily helps to reduce stress, regardless of people exercise in it or simply take a walk. 6．She wondered her favorite singer would perform at the concert tonight. 7．Educationalists argue teachers should ask proper questions to provoke students’ creativity. 8．The 18th-century philosopher Kant argued the universe ultimately consists of things-in-themselves that are unknowable. 9．For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn't bother taking a look, as I had assumed it would be stuffed full of cheese love stories. 10. The official made it clear he would do everything possible to solve the problem. 11．I hate when people speak with their mouths full. 12．To give full play to family gatherings, the Spring Festival lasts for 15 days, ending with the Lantern Festival. Many people consider a great opportunity to taste traditional cuisine such as dumplings, sticky rice cakes, and fried meatballs, and share the joy of the festival with their loved ones. 题型一 主语从句汉译英 把下列汉语句子翻译成英语。 1．她常常好奇未来的生活会是什么样子。(汉译英) 2．高中感觉就像一场大冒险，我有点害怕，但主要是兴奋。我迫不及待地想看看明天会发生什么！(汉译英) 3．没有人能准确地预测将来会发生什么事。不过，我相信未来人们会更快乐。(rejection) (汉译英) 4．该研究表明健康与生活方式的选择有关，特别是饮食和体育运动。(relate) (汉译英) 5．得知他偷走了他的手机，汤姆怒火中烧。（汉译英） 6．他的父母认为他有能力靠自己解决这个问题。 (汉译英) 7．交叉双臂可能暗示一个人感到紧张或防御。(汉译英) 8．学生低头看自己的手表通常暗示他感到无聊。(汉译英) 9．以我的英语能力，我相信我能胜任这个职位。(qualification)(汉译英) 10．幸福不是期求所缺，而是享受我们现在拥有的东西。(宾语从句; possess) (汉译英) 题型二 主语从句英译汉 把下列英语句子翻译成汉语。 1．衷心希望你能抓住机会，全力以赴，成为一名优秀的志愿者。(seize the chance)  (汉译英) 2．我要求学生对考试做好充分的准备。(request；宾语从句) 3．Students should apply what they have learned in class to their life. (英译汉) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4．I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again. (英译汉) 5．Everyone is good at something and it’s important to find out what that is for each student. (英译汉) 6．He didn’t know he’d soon get the chance that he’d been waiting for. （英译汉） 7．Scientists are conducting research on how plastic pollution affects marine life. (英译汉) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8．I learnt that the most famous food in Shandong is pancake rolls stuffed with sliced Chinese green onions. (英译汉) 9．Throughout my studies I realized that there was no difference between me and my teammates. (英译汉) 10．Though affected by gradual blindness soon after the performance, Henry (亨利) was capable of writing compositions and he found that creating music was a relief and cure for his illness. (英译汉) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 1.（2022年浙江1月卷）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely. 2.（2020年北京卷）Oliver says if you're lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them __________you can join in when it's possible. 3.（2022新课标II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know _________ to thank him.” 4.（2021年北京卷）The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ________ she lived． 5.（2023天津3月卷）People who value their privacy are concerned about _________Google might do with the information it is gathering. A．that B．what C．why D．how 6.（2012年上海·高考真题）每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验。(stand) (汉译英) 7.（2016年上海·高考真题）我真希望自己的文章有朝一日能见报。（hope） 8．（2012年上海·高考真题）每位设计师都希望自己的作品能经受时间的考验。(stand) 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$