必修2 Unit 4 Exploring literature-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（译林版）

必修第二册 Unit 4　Exploring literature 主题语境　文学 单元主题· 创意背记 板块一　词句背诵 1.devote vt.　　　　　献身, 致力, 专心 devotion n. 献身, 奉献; 忠诚; 关爱 devoted adj. 专心致志的; 忠诚的; 挚爱的 2.earnest adj. 非常认真的; 诚实的, 真诚的 3.butterfly n. 蝴蝶 背诵默写本 4.literature n. 文学, 文学作品 5.shell n. 贝壳; 壳 6.appeal vi. 有吸引力; 申诉; 呼吁 n. 吸引力; 申诉; 呼吁 appealing adj. 吸引人的; 有感染力的; 恳求的 7.determine vt. 确定; 支配; 决心 vi. 决心 determination n. 决心, 决定 determined adj. 坚定的, 果断的 8.significant adj. 有重要意义的, 显著的 significance n. 意义; 重要性 significantly adv. 重要地; 明显地 9.description n. 描述, 形容, 说明 describe vt. 描述, 描绘, 说明 10.sensitive adj. 感觉敏锐的; 体贴的; 敏感的; 灵敏的 sense vt. 感觉到, 意识到, 觉察出 n. 感觉, 意识 a highly sensitive topic一个高度敏感的话题 be sensitive to对……敏感 11.soul n. 灵魂; 心性, 内心 12.reflect vt.& vi. 反映, 显示; 映出(影像); 反射(声、光、热等); 沉思 reflection n. 反映; 映像; 反射; 反思 13.capable adj. 有能力, 有才能; 能力强的 capability n. 能力, 才能 14.awaken vt.& vi. 唤起, 被唤起; (使)醒来 wake vi.& vt. 醒, 醒来; 唤醒, 叫醒 15.launch vt. 使(船)下水; 开始从事, 发动 16.permanence n. 永久, 持久性 permanent adj. 永久的, 持久的 permanently adv. 永久地, 永恒的 17.contain vt. 包含, 含有, 容纳 container n. 容器 18.element n. 要素, 基本部分 19.universal adj. 普遍的, 共同的; 普遍存在的 universe n. 宇宙 universally adv. 共同地, 普遍地 20.summary n. 总结, 概括, 概要 summarize vt.& vi. 总结, 概括, 概述 sum n. 款项; 总数 21.feature n. 特色, 特征 vt. 以……为特色, 是……的特征 22.author n. 作者, 作家 23.therefore adv. 因此, 所以 24.issue n. 重要议题, 争论的问题; 问题, 担忧; (报刊)一期 vt. 宣布, 公布 25.novel n. (长篇)小说 26.upper adj. 上部的; 上面的 27.gap n. 差距; 间隙 28.context n. (事情发生的)背景, 环境, 来龙去脉; 上下文, 语境 29.specific adj. 特定的; 明确的, 具体的 specifically adv. 专门地; 明确地, 具体地 30.particular adj. 特别的, 格外的; 特指的; 挑剔的 in particular=particularly尤其, 特别 31.topic n. 话题; 题目; 标题 32.collection n. (同类)收藏品; 作品集; 募捐 collect vt.& vi. 收藏; 收集; 募捐 collector n. 收集者; 收藏家 a collection of一系列; 一堆 33.section n. 部分, 部门; 部件, 散件 34.mean adj. 吝啬的, 小气的; 不善良的, 刻薄的 35.transport vt. 运输, 运送 n. 交通运输系统; 交通车辆; 运输 transportation n. 交通; 运输; 交通运输 public transport公共交通 means of transport交通方式 36.turkey n. 火鸡; 火鸡肉 37.generosity n. 慷慨, 大方, 宽宏大量 generous adj. 宽宏大量的, 仁慈的; 慷慨的 38.chapter n. 章节; 篇章 39.poetry n. 诗集, 诗歌 poet n. 诗人 poem n. 诗; 韵文 40.stage n. 舞台; 阶段; 步骤 vt. 上演, 举办 41.autobiography n. 自传 42.biography n. 传记, 传记作品 43.extremely adv. 极其, 非常, 极端 extreme adj. 极端的 44.destroy vt. 摧毁, 毁灭, 破坏 destruction n. 摧毁, 毁灭, 破坏 destructive adj. 破坏性的, 毁灭性的 be completely/totally destroyed被彻底摧毁 destroy one’s life/faith/hope/confidence毁掉某人的生活/信仰/希望/信心 45.defeat vt. 击败, 战胜 n. 失败, 战败; 击败 suffer a defeat遭受失败 admit defeat认输 46.attempt vt.& n. 努力, 尝试, 试图 attempted adj. 未遂的 attempt to do sth.尝试做某事 make an attempt to do sth.尝试做某事 47.straighten vt. 挺直; (使)变直, 变正 straight adj. 笔直的; 直率的 adv. 直接 48.strain n. 用劲, 使力; 压力, 拉力; 重负 49.alongside adv. 在……旁边; 与……一起 50.accomplish vt. 完成 accomplishment n. 完成; 成就 51.noble adj. 贵族的, 高贵的; 崇高的; 宏伟的 52.confused adj. 糊涂的, 迷惑的; 不清楚的, 混乱的 confusing adj. 难以理解的, 不清楚的 confusion n. 困惑; 混乱; 混淆 confuse vt. 使糊涂, 使迷惑; (将……)混淆, 混同 53.weave vi.& vt. (weaved, weaved)迂回行进, 穿行; (wove, woven)编 54.mushy adj. 糊状的, 软而稠的 55.flash n. 闪光; 闪现 vt.& vi. (使)闪光; (使)闪现 a flash of anger/inspiration怒上心头/灵感闪现 ◆背核心短语 1.devote oneself to致力, 专心, 献身 2.in store (for sb.)即将发生(在某人身上), 等待着(某人) 3.in summary总的来说 4.draw on凭借, 利用 5.ought to modal v.应该, 应当 6.in particular尤其, 特别 7.clear up (头脑)清醒; 使整洁, 清理 8.be on the point of doing sth.正要做某事 9.appeal to对……有吸引力; 向……呼吁 10.be capable of有能力; 能够 11.lie in 在于 12.pull on拉动 13.hold on坚持; 抓住 14.take on呈现; 承担 15.get over克服 16.bring...to one’s attention使某人注意…… ◆背单元语块 1.appeal to the ear愉悦我们的耳朵 2.a world of dreams and magic一个充满梦想和魔力的世界 3.make an effort努力 4.enjoy and understand literature欣赏和理解文学 5.its description of truth and beauty真与美的描写 6.a sensitive human soul一个敏锐的人类灵魂 7.the most basic of human nature人性最基本的内涵 8.reflect his own life and experiences反映其个人生活和经历 1.be doing...when...正在做……这时…… A child and a man were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear. 一个孩子和一名男子正在海滩上散步, 这时孩子发现了一枚贝壳, 把它放到了耳边。 2.what引导主语从句 What amazed the child was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old. 让孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界, 而是旧世界那些被人忽视的音乐。 3.全部倒装 Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments. 每本书背后都有一个人, 此人身后是一个族群, 这个族群背后是自然和社会环境。 4.where 引导定语从句, 修饰一个表示抽象地点的名词 In a word, we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature. 总之, 我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。 5.否定词位于句首的部分倒装 Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother. 我从来没有见过比你更庞大、更美丽、更冷静或更高贵的家伙, 兄弟。 6.with复合结构 The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly with the great tail weaving in the air. 鱼正正身子, 又慢慢地游开, 大尾巴在海面上绕来绕去。 板块二　默写练习 第一组　核心单词 1. in 认真地 2. have in your stomach心慌;紧张 3. the wonder of 文学的奇妙之处 4. find a 找到一个贝壳 5. serve the people heart and 全心全意为人民服务 6. a new warship下水一艘新军舰 earnest butterflies literature shell soul launch 7. two 包含两个元素 8. a striking 一个显著的特征 9. the of the novel小说的作者 10. an important 一个重要的议题 11. the upper 上流社会 12. the generation 代沟 13. the historical 历史背景 14. a special 一个特殊的时期 contain elements feature author issue class gap context period 15. the enemy打败敌人 16. pull up 靠边停(车) 17. a cause一个崇高的事业 18. in a 转瞬间,立即 19. hold on the great fish all the 竭尽全力拽住这条大鱼 20. the hands软弱无力的双手 defeat alongside noble flash strain mushy 第二组　拓展词汇 1. vi.有吸引力;申诉;呼吁n.吸引力;申诉;呼吁 → adj.有吸引力的;有感染力的;恳求的 2. vt.确定;支配;决心vi.决心→ adj.坚 实的;果断的→ n. 确定;决心 3. adj.有重要意义的,显著的→ n. 意义,重要性 appeal appealing determine determined determination significant significance 4. n. 描述,形容,说明→ v. 描述,描绘, 形容 5. adj.感觉敏锐的;体贴的;敏感的;灵敏的→ vt.感觉到,意识到,觉察出n.感觉,意识 6. vt.& vi.反映,显示;映出(影像);反射(声、光、热等);沉思→ n. 反映;映像;反射;反思 7. vt.& vi.唤起,被唤起;(使)醒来→ adj.醒着 vi.& vt.唤起,被唤起;(使)醒来 description describe sensitive sense reflect reflection awaken awake 8. n. 永久,持久性→ adj.永久的,持 久的→ adv.永久地,永恒地 9. n. 总结,概括,概要→ vt.& vi.总结, 概括,概述 10. adj.特定的;明确的,具体的→ adv. 专门地;明确地,具体地 11. n. (同类)收藏品;作品集;募捐→ vt.& vi.收藏;收集;募捐 permanence permanent permanently summary summarize specific specifically collection collect 12. n. 慷慨,大方,宽宏大量→ adj.宽宏 大量的,仁慈的;慷慨的 13. n. 诗集,诗歌→ n. 诗人→ n. 诗 14. vt.摧毁,毁灭,破坏→ n. 摧毁,毁灭, 破坏→ adj.破坏性的,毁灭性的 15. vt.挺直;(使)变直,变正→ adj.笔直的; 直率的 16. vt.完成→ n. 完成;成就 17. adj.糊涂的,迷惑的;不清楚的,混乱的→ __________ adj.难以理解的,不清楚的→ vt.使糊涂,使迷惑;(将……)混淆,混同→ n. 困惑;混乱;混淆 generosity generous poetry poet poem destroy destruction destructive straighten straight accomplish accomplishment confused confusing confuse confusion 第三组　重点短语 1. 即将发生(在某人身上),等待着(某人) 2. 凭借,利用 3. 正要做某事 4. 总的来说 5. 应该,应当 6. (头脑)清醒;使整洁,清理 in store (for sb.) draw on be on the point of doing sth. in summary ought to clear up 第四组　课文佳句 1. A child and a man ⁠ the child found a shell and held it to his ear. 一个孩子和一名男子正在海滩上散步,这时孩子发现了一枚贝壳, 把它放到了耳边。 2. ⁠ was not a new world, but the unnoticed music of the old. 让孩子为之惊奇的其实不是一个新世界,而是旧世界那些被人忽视的音乐。 were walking on the beach when What amazed the child 3. ⁠ , behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments. 每本书背后都有一个人,此人身后是一个族群,这个族群背后是自 然和社会环境。 4. In a word, we have now reached ⁠ we wish to enjoy and understand literature. 总之,我们现在已经到了想要欣赏和理解文学的阶段。 Behind every book is a man a point where 5. ⁠ a greater, or more beautiful,or a calmer or more noble thing than you,brother. 我从来没有见过比你更庞大、更美丽、更冷静或更高贵的家伙, 兄弟。 Never have I seen 6. The fish righted himself and swam off again slowly ⁠ ⁠. 鱼正正身子,又慢慢地游开,大尾巴在海面上绕来绕去。 with the great tail weaving in the air 板块三　语基自测 Ⅰ.单词检测——用括号内单词的适当形式填空 1. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn’t seem quite as ⁠ (appeal). 2. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)We’ll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的)plant removal, winter planting, and seed ⁠ (collect). appealing collection 3. (译林选必二U2)Her story is a remarkable example of how hard work and ⁠ (devote) can lead to sporting excellence. 4. (外研选必二U2)But on ⁠ (reflect), I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone. 5. (人教必修一U4)The new city has become a home to more than seven million people,with great improvements in ⁠ (transport), industry,and environment. devotion reflection transportation 6. He was ⁠ (particular) interested in the old story about a fish jumping through the “Dragon Gate”. 7. Li Hua is a young man with great ⁠. He ⁠ to go to big cities after graduation. ⁠ never to come back before he could make a big fortune, he left home without saying a word.(determine) 8. The ⁠ discovery of new gas field in South China Sea is of great ⁠ to our country’s economy.(significant) particularly determination determined Determined significant significance 9. This girl ⁠ what she had seen and heard, giving a vivid ⁠ of the event as if she had attended it herself.(describe) 10. He is a kind and old man and he ⁠ contributed a lot of money to the village primary school last week. His ⁠ is worth admiring.(generous) described description generous generously generosity Ⅱ.短语检测——结合本单元的短语补全句子 1. There is a big surprise (即将发生在你的身上) when you return home. 2. With his help, I went through the hardest time and ⁠ (致力于钢琴) at last. 3. This music is too old-fashioned to ⁠ (吸引年轻人). in store for you devoted myself to the piano appeal to young people 4. Now, when I (仔细思考我的青春期),I can see how absurd and funny it was. 5. I (正要吃晚饭) when the phone rang. 6. Sorry, the place is so messy. I haven’t had time to (使整洁,清理). 7. (总的来说), I think it’s very important to pay attention to our surrounding environment. 8. He (利用他的经验) as a climber to make a documentary programme. reflect on my adolescence was on the point of having dinner clear up In summary drew on his experience Ⅲ.句型检测——运用单元句式完成下列句子 1. 这次经历的惊人之处在于那些超凡脱俗的景色。(what引导主 语从句) about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 2. 或者把谈话变成一个他们没什么可说的话题。(where引导的定 语从句) Or turn the conversation into a topic ⁠⁠. What is so breathtaking where they have little to say 3. 由于发烧,他太虚弱了而站不起来。(too...to...) He is ⁠ because of fever. 4. 他们来到了那座房子,房子前面坐着一个小女孩。(定语从句,全 部倒装) They arrived at the house, ⁠. too weak to stand up in front of which sat a little girl 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 课时作业 15 Unit 4 Exploring literature (一) 课时作业 16 Unit 4 Exploring literature (二) 写作规范练 (二) Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 1. devote vt.献身;专心于→ adj.忠实的;深爱的→ n. 关爱;关照;奉献;忠诚 (1)devote...to...把……奉献于…… devote oneself to献身于……;致力于…… (2)be devoted to (doing) sth.专心于(做)某事;奉献于(做)某事 devoted devotion ①(译林选必二U2)Many well-known athletes, both male and female, have devoted themselves to ⁠ (achieve) sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement. ②(译林选必四U3)For example, teachers in remote rural areas are ⁠ (devote) to changing the lives of the people with less access to the advantages enjoyed by many others. achieving devoted ③The young lady devotes herself to teaching the deaf children,so she has little time to care for her own daughter. → ⁠ the deaf children,the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(现在分词作状语) → ⁠ the deaf children,the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.(过去分词作状语) Devoting herself to teaching Devoted to teaching ④如果我被选中,我将努力成为一名合格的志愿者。希望您能考 虑我的申请。(申请信) If I am chosen, I ⁠⁠. I do hope that you can take my application into consideration. will devote myself to being a qualified volunteer 2. appeal vi.有吸引力;申诉;呼吁n.吸引力;申诉;呼吁→ __________ adj.有吸引力的;吸引人的;恳求的 appealing (1)appeal to sb.for sth.为……向某人呼吁/请求 appeal to sb.to do sth.恳求/呼吁某人做某事 (2)make an appeal to sb.for sth.为……向某人呼吁/请求 make an appeal to sb.to do sth.恳求/呼吁某人做某事 ①(人教选必一U3)Whichever and whatever you like,there is an incredible theme park that will appeal ⁠ you! ②(外研选必二U6)As our cities become greener, they offer increasingly ⁠ (appeal) spaces to animals looking for new habitats. to appealing ③为了强身健体,我们学校呼吁学生们每天至少留出一个小时来 进行锻炼。(倡议信) Our school ⁠ at least an hour every day to take exercise to build up our health. ④小饭馆更容易让人产生亲近、友好的感觉,正是这一点赢得了多数中国消费者的喜爱。(appeal) Small restaurants are more likely to make people feel close and friendly, ⁠ most Chinese consumers. appeals to/makes an appeal to the students to set aside which is what appeals to 3. determine vt.决定;决心;支配;确定,查明vi.决心→ ____________ adj.坚决的,下定决心的,意志坚定的→ n. 坚定;决心 determined determination (1)determine＋从句　决定…… determine to do sth.决定做某事(强调动作) determine on/upon (doing) sth.就(做)某事下定决心 (2)be determined to do sth.决心做某事(强调状态) ①(剑桥词典)The ⁠ (determine) of policy is not your business — your job is to implement it. ②I know an exhibition of Chinese painting will be held at the gallery next month.I decide to work as a volunteer. → ⁠ at the gallery next month, I to work as a volunteer.(分词作状语) determination Knowing an exhibition of Chinese painting will be held am determined ③决心完美地组织这次主题班会,我写信就哪些中国传统文化最 吸引外国人征求你的意见。 ⁠ , I am writing to ask you for advice on which traditional Chinese cultures appeal to foreigners most.(形容词短语作状语) Determined to organize the theme class meeting wonderfully 4. significant adj.有重要意义的,显著的→ n. 意义;意思;重要性;重要意思→ adv.重要地 (1)be significant for/to对……是重要的 (2)be of (great/no/little) significance to/for...对……(很/不/几 乎不)重要 attach (great) significance to认为……(很)重要(to为介词) significance significantly ①(2024·北京卷)Slowing down can contribute ⁠ (significant) to personal growth. ②总之,在线学习对我们的学业发展很重要。 All in all,online learning ⁠ ⁠. ③我认为在学校锻炼身体很重要,因此我们学生必须积极按时上 体育课。(学校生活) I ⁠ at school,so we students must have PE classes actively and punctually. significantly is of great significance/is very significant to/for our academic development attach great significance to working out [实战贴士]　(1)常用于“be＋of＋n.”结构的名词有use,importance, help,benefit,value等,此结构相当于“be＋该名词的形容词形式”;(2)常用于这一结构的修饰语有great,little,some,any,no,much等。 5. reflect vt.& vi.映出(影像);反射(热、光、声等);沉思,思考;反映, 显示→ n. 反射;倒影;反映;映像;沉思 (1)reflect...in...在……中映出……的影像 be reflected in倒映在;反映在 reflect on/upon sth.反省/认真思考某事 (2)on reflection再三考虑 reflection ①(外研选必二U2)But on ⁠ (reflect), I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone. ②我无意中听到父母为家庭开支而争吵,再三思考之后,我拿出钱 给了我爸爸。 I overheard my parents quarreling about family expenses,and ⁠ ⁠, I took out the money and presented it to my dad. ③中国文化传统反映在多种中秋节庆祝活动中。(传统文化) Chinese cultural traditions ⁠ ⁠. reflection on reflection are reflected in various Mid-Autumn Festival celebrations 6. contain vt.包含,含有,容纳;容忍→ n. 容器 contain oneself克制自己;自制 container ①He was so excited that he could hardly contain ⁠ (he) jumping up and down.(动作描写) ②(2024·浙江1月卷)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves (contain) separate portions (份). himself containing ③他无法控制自己的愤怒,转过身来怒吼道：“到底是谁干的?”(心理描写) ⁠, he turned around and roared angrily, “Who on earth did it?” [实战贴士]　(1)contain指作为组成部分而被包含或容纳在内; (2)include指把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内,在句中常构 成分词短语sth.included或including sth.。 Unable to contain his anger 7. particular adj.特殊的,特别的;格外的;特指的;挑剔的n.细目;细 节→ adv.特别,尤其 (1)be particular about/over sth.对……讲究/挑剔 be particular to do sth.特地做某事 (2)in particular＝particularly尤其;特别;同义副词有specially、 especially等。 particularly ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)The benefits of print reading ⁠ (particular) shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks. ②(北师大必修一U2)Thanks for your question. As people often say,any exercise is better than none,but long-distance running ⁠ particular has a lot of benefits. ③在中国参加朋友的晚宴时,你最好行为举止恰当,尤其要注意你的餐桌礼仪。(建议信) When you attend your friend’s dinner party in China,you’d better behave properly , ⁠ ⁠. particularly in particularly paying attention to your table manners/paying attention to your table manners in particular 8. attempt n. 努力,尝试,试图;企图vt.努力,试图,尝试;企图 → adj.未遂的,企图的 (1)make an attempt to do/at doing sth.试图做某事,at the first attempt 第一次尝试,in an attempt to do努力做…… attempted ①(2024·全国甲卷)The annual arrival of the Saint Lukas is another attempt ⁠ (improve) the situation. ②(译林选必二U2)As it suggests,in baseball this means that a batter is out after making three unsuccessful ⁠ (attempt) to hit the ball. to improve attempts ③我试图让她相信他是诚实的,但是徒劳无果。 →I’ve ⁠ his honesty,but in vain.(attempt n. ) →I’ve ⁠ his honesty,but in vain. (attempt v. ) ④如果你第一次尝试失败的话,没必要太在意。(劝诫信) ⁠, there is no need to care about that. made an attempt at convincing/to convince her of attempted to convince her of If you fail at the first attempt 9. clear up(头脑)清醒;使整洁,清理;(天气)放晴;解决(问题);消解 clear away清除;收拾 make...clear清楚表明…… clear one’s throat清喉咙,清嗓子 clear the way (for sth./for sth. to happen) (为某事/为某事发生)清除 障碍/扫清道路 as clear as day容易理解,显而易见 as clear as mud一点不清楚,难懂 ①女士们、先生们,我讲清楚了吗? (演讲稿) Ladies and gentlemen, have I myself ⁠ ? ②应该有个你可以事事请教或者帮助你解决一切问题的人。(建议信) There should be someone to whom you can turn for any advice or to ⁠ any problems. ③他们消除了误会并且和好了。(动作描写) They ⁠ the misunderstanding and made up. made clear clear up cleared up 10. 祈使句＋and＋陈述句 [教材原句]　Let a little song appeal to the ear,or a great book to the heart,and we discover a new world,a world of dreams and magic. 让一首小曲愉悦我们的耳朵,让一部巨著触 动我们的心灵,这样我们便会发现一个全新的世界,一个充满梦 想和魔力的世界。 (1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If...,＋主句 (2)祈使句＋or/or else/or otherwise＋陈述句＝If...not...,＋主句 (3)名词词组＋and＋陈述句 ①Seize the chance ⁠ you will regret it. ②参加这次活动,你就能和更多人分享你的图片。 → ⁠ and you will share your photos with more people.(祈使句) → ⁠, you will share your photos with more people.(条件状语从句) → ⁠, you will share your photos with more people.(分词作状语) Taking part in the activity or Take part in the activity If you take part in the activity Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1. (外研选必二U1)The grown-ups’ response, this time, was to advise me to lay aside my drawings of boa constrictors, whether from the inside or the outside, and devote ⁠ (oneself) instead to geography, history, arithmetic and grammar. 2. (人教选必三U1)This is just a small taste of what is in store ⁠ you in this exhibition. myself for 3. There was a sense of humour to what he did that I found very ⁠ (appeal). 4. (人教选必四U1)Tony told her she was being ⁠ (sense) and was just as good as Gladys. 5. (北师大选必四U11)“We told him that he ought ⁠ (cease) drumming or leave the property,”a council member said. appealing sensitive to cease 6. (2024·北京卷)When we slow down, we create space to reflect _____ our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and gives us the opportunity to make right choices. 7. (2024·浙江1月卷)In 1999, I personally saw ⁠ (significance) tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell in Kansas. 8. (2024·北京卷)Once a pair has been determined ⁠ (be) suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme. on significant to be Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1. 他一到车站,火车就开动了。 ⁠ the train began to leave. (hardly...when...的倒装句) 2. 定期锻炼,你就不太可能在学习压力之下生病。 ⁠ fall ill when faced with pressure from studies. (祈使句＋and＋陈述句) Hardly had he arrived at the station when Take regular exercise, and you’ll be less likely to 3. 我们班有60名学生,包含35名男生和25名女生。 →There are 60 students in our class , ⁠. (contain) →There are 60 students in our class , ⁠. (including) →There are 60 students in our class, ⁠⁠. (included) containing 35 boys and 25 girls including 35 boys and 25 girls 35 boys and 25 girls included 4. 我们正在呼吁公众更加关注环境保护。(倡议信) → ⁠environmental protection.(appeal v. ) → ⁠ environmental protection.(appeal n. ) We’re appealing to the public to pay more attention to We’re making an appeal to the public to pay more attention to 5. 他投身于社区活动,受到了周围人的赞扬。(人物介绍) →He ⁠ community activities and was praised by the people around. → ⁠ community activities,he was praised by the people around.(devote的现在分词) → community activities,he was praised by the people around.(devote的过去分词) devoted himself to Devoting himself to Devoted to Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——一词多义 (1)The band has never really lost their appeal.________ (2)She is not satisfied with the decision and plans to appeal. ________ A.vi.呼吁, 恳请　 B. v.吸引　 C. n.吸引力 D. vi.& vt.上诉, 申诉 C D 1. appeal (3)Sports have become an important form of entertainment,appealing to both men and women.________ (4)The police are appealing to the public for any information about the missing girl.________ A.vi.呼吁, 恳请　 B. v.吸引　 C. n.吸引力 D. vi.& vt.上诉, 申诉 B A 1. appeal (1)Hearing the disappointing news,he was too sad to contain himself. ________ (2)It contains a lot of pictures taken during my childhood.It keeps a record of my birth at the hospital, my first smile and my first walk.________ (3)The new stadium being constructed now can contain 2,000 people. ________ A.v.包含　 B.v.容纳　 C.v.忍住, 抑制 C A 2. contain B (1)Mean European temperatures were about the same as today,perhaps slightly cooler.________ (2)William’s boss was so mean that he only paid him three meals a day.________ (3)What she means is that there’s no point in waiting here.________ A.vt.意思是　 B.adj.吝啬的; 小气的　C.adj.平均的 C 3. mean B A (1)During the training stage,each dog was shown only the upper half or the lower half of the person’s face. ________ (2)As he was getting onto the stage,Dan closed his eyes and took a deep breath to rid himself of his fears. ________ A. n.舞台　 B. n.阶段; 步骤　 C. vt.& vi.上演; 举行 B 4. stage A (3)My aunt decided to stage a series of performances of a one­act play. ________ A. n.舞台　 B. n.阶段; 步骤　 C. vt.& vi.上演; 举行 C 4. stage (1)I hope it clears up this afternoon.And I can go for a picnic with my friends. ________ (2)It’s a kind of contribution to help clear up your neighbourhood.________ (3)This kind of medicine can be used to clear up the infection.________ (4)I think it’s very important to clear up a common misunderstanding.________ A.解决, 解释　 B .天气转晴, 放晴　 C .使整洁, 清理　 D .治疗, 治愈 B C 5. clear up D A 培优2　单元话题写作——推荐中国文学作品 　　根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Dear Alex, 　　I’m Li Jin, a student at Chenguang High School. Hearing that you intend to ① __________________________________________　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 (开展一项名为“英语经典诵读”的活动;过去分词作后置定语), I ②　　　　　　　　 　 (感到非常荣幸) have the chance to make my voice heard.  launch an activity called “English Classics for Recitation” feel much honored to 　　The book I’d like to recommend is Jane Eyre.As one of the classic novels published in the 19th century, its beauty not only lies in the language, but also exists in the characteristics of Jane.I firmly believe that the heroine Jane’s diligence, kindness and pursuit of independence and freedom will surely touch the readers deeply. 　　I hope the activity will ③ _______________________________ (对我们的成长非常有益;多种翻译). We will not only learn much knowledge but also broaden our horizons (加黑部分升级为倒装句 ④ _________________________ 　　　　 　　).  Yours sincerely, Li Jin be of great benefit to our growth/be greatly beneficial to our growth Not only will we learn much knowledge but also we will broaden our horizons 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　sensitive adj.感觉敏锐的;体贴的;敏感的;灵敏的　mean adj.吝啬的,小气的;不善良的,刻薄的　generosity n.慷慨,大方,宽宏大量　confused adj.糊涂的,迷惑的;不清楚的,混乱的 [动作描写]　devote oneself to致力,专心,献身　determine vt.确定;支配;决心 vi.决心　draw on凭借,利用　destroy vt.摧毁,毁灭,破坏　attempt vt.努力,尝试,试图　accomplish vt.完成 美句 1.Let a little song appeal to the ear,or a great book to the heart,and we discover a new world,a world of dreams and magic.(排比) 2.A hundred men may pass a field and see only dead grass;but a poet stops,looks deeper,sees truth and beauty,and writes, “Yesterday’s flowers am I.”(对比) Step 2　语料运用【挣钱买乐器】 　　为了买他最喜欢的乐器,约翰决定利用这个假期来赚些钱。所以他致力于做农场的工作。两周后,工作结束了。看着自己的收入,他既欣喜又兴奋。但父亲的话摧毁了他的梦想。 　　In an attempt to buy his favourite instrument,John determined to draw on this holiday to earn some money.So he devoted himself to the farm work. Two weeks later,the work was over. ① ______ ___________(现在分词作状语),he was ②______________________(心理描写). But his father’s words destroyed his dream. his earnings overjoyed and excited Seeing 他很困惑和沮丧。敏感的母亲意识到了这一点。她拍了拍他的肩膀说:“你可以自由地使用自己的薪水。”听到这些,约翰兴奋得一句话都说不出来。他很感激母亲的慷慨和理解。 He was confused and upset.His sensitive mother was aware of this. She ③ ______ __________________ (动作描写) and said,“You can use your own wages freely.” ④ ____________ (现在分词作伴随状语), John ⑤ _________________ (too...to...).He appreciated his mother’s generosity and understanding.  patted Hearing this was too excited to say a word him on the shoulder 语料积累 【情感细节描写:悲伤、沮丧与孤独(一) 】 单词 disappoint;disappointed;disappointment;lonely;loneliness;alone;upset 词块 a look of disappointment/loneliness flashed across/spread over/crossed one’s face脸上露出失望/孤独的表情;one’s eyes are/were filled with/full of disappointment/loneliness眼里满是失望/孤独;hear the disappointment in one’s voice听出某人声音中的失望;be overcome with/consumed with/overwhelmed by disappointment非常失望; fight/choke/force/hold back tears of disappointment忍住失望的泪水 句型 With a look of disappointment spreading over our faces, we desperately wondered what had happened to our beloved village.(with复合结构作状语) 失望的表情在我们脸上蔓延,我们迫切想知道我们心爱的村庄发生了什么事。 Looking at our anxious faces, Grandfather sighed in a voice of disappointment.(介词短语) 看着我们焦虑的面容,爷爷失望地叹气。 I should have blown out the candles with my family instead of wandering here upset and lonely.(形容词短语作状语) 我应该和家人一起吹灭蜡烛,而不是闷闷不乐地在这里闲逛。 课时作业 15 Unit 4 Exploring literature (一) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共17.5分) A (2024·贵州遵义三模)Time for International Booker Prize again! The novels on 2024 International Booker Prize shortlist (入围名单) cover cultures, styles and the width of human experience and associate us with new sensations and memories. Not a River by Selva Almada, translated by Annie Two men and their friend’s teenage son go on a fishing trip.Frustrated after hours of wrestling with a hooked fish, one of them shoots it with a gun.So begins a tale about perseverance, guilt, desire and outsider suspicion. The Details by la Genberg, translated by Kira Genberg said that she began writing The Details, “just like the woman in the novel, in a world health crisis in 2020, when I headed to my bookshelf and randomly picked up a book that fell open in my hands.”It’s a novel related to relationships, connection, memory and time. What I’d Rather Ponder by Posthuma, translated by Sarah The narrator is a twin whose brother has recently passed away.Posthuma said the story was inspired by a personal experience when “the one person that I thought would always be there withdrew from my life”. The novel is praised for its “utter truth” and unique writing style. Crooked Plow by Viera Junior, translated by Johnny Two sisters are confused by the powers of a knife beneath their grandmother’s bed.With magical and social realism, it illustrates the story of farmers in Brazil’s poorest region.It speaks to the significance of remembering our histories and preserving the land that sustains us. The winner will be announced on June 21st, 2024.And ￡50,000 prize money will be divided equally between the author and the translator.Shortlisted authors and translators will share a prize of ￡6,000. [语篇解读]　本文为一篇应用文。介绍了2024年国际布克奖入围小说的内容。 1. What do Not a River and The Details have in common?(　　) A. They are written in the same style. B. They deal with diverse themes. C. They are final winners of Booker Prize. D. They relate to the author’s own life. B 1 2 3 解析:推理判断题。根据Not a River by Selva Almada, translated by Annie中的内容及The Details by la Genberg, translated by Kira中“It’s a novel related to relationships, connection, memory and time.”可知,Not a River和The Details这两本书的共同点在于都包含各种主题。故选B。 1 2 3 2. Which of the four novels shows the importance of land protection? (　　) A. Not a River. B. The Details. C. What I’d Rather Ponder. D. Crooked Plow. D 解析:细节理解题。根据Crooked Plow by Viera Junior, translated by Johnny中“It speaks to...land that sustains us.”可知,Crooked Plow这本书说明了土地保护的重要性。故选D。 1 2 3 3. How much will the author of the winning novel be awarded?(　　) A. ￡3,000.　　　　　　 B. ￡6,000. C. ￡25,000. D. ￡50,000. C 解析:细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The winner will be announced...author and the translator.”可知,获奖小说作者将会获得5万英镑奖金的一半,即两万五千英镑的奖金。故选C。 1 2 3 B (2024·山东泰安一模)Deep Work：Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World by Cal Newport is an exploration of the challenges posed by our modern, digitally-driven environment and the strategies one can employ to achieve focused success.Newport researches the concept of deep work, emphasizing its critical role in an era marked by constant distractions. The book addresses the common issue of information overload and the impact of shallow tasks on productivity.Newport argues that the ability to engage in deep, concentrated work is essential for success.The author supports his claims with research, including experiments comparing brain connectivity patterns during deep work and shallow tasks. Newport’s work agrees with earlier studies, confirming that handwritten notes outperform (胜过) typed ones in academic performance.Beyond academia, Newport presents evidence of the cognitive (认知的) benefits of deep work. The book provides practical strategies for integrating deep work into one’s professional life, advocating for routines and intentional changing of the brain to resist distractions.Newport introduces concepts like productive meditation (冥想) and the craftsman approach to tool selection, offering readers actionable advice to enhance their focus and productivity. Deep Work has won widespread praise for its insights into productivity in a distracted world.Many praise Newport’s thorough research, combining neuroscience with practical advice.Readers appreciate the real-world examples, from Carl Jung’s focused mindset to a social media pioneer’s distraction-free writing journey. In conclusion, Deep Work stands as a valuable guide for navigating the challenges of the digital age.Newport’s exploration of deep work as a catalyst (催化剂) for success, supported by research and concrete strategies, has left a lasting impact on how individuals approach their professional and personal lives.It serves as a timely reminder to prioritize focus and concentration in an era defined by constant connectivity and distractions. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇书评。文章主要介绍的是Deep Work：Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World这本书的相关内容。 4. What kind of writing is this text?(　　) A. A book review. B. An advertisement. C. A science report. D. A psychological research. A 4 5 6 7 解析：推理判断题。通读全文,尤其是第一段“Deep Work：Rules for Focused Success...by constant distractions.”可知,本文主要介绍的是Deep Work：Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World这本书的相关内容,因此本文是一篇书评。故选A。 5. How does Cal Newport support his claims about the benefits of deep work in the book?(　　) A. By sharing personal experiences. B. By providing practical strategies. C. By doing experiments on brain connectivity. D. By integrating deep work into one’s professional life. C 5 6 7 4 解析:推理判断题。根据第二段“The author supports...and shallow tasks.”可知,Cal Newport在书中是通过做大脑连接的实验证明深度工作的好处的。故选C。 5 6 7 4 6. What does Newport advocate as a strategy in Deep Work?(　　) A. Selective tools. B. Inflexible mind. C. Changeable routines. D. Productive meditation. D 解析:细节理解题。根据第四段“Newport introduces concepts...and productivity.”可知,Newport倡导富有成效的冥想来作为Deep Work的策略。故选D。 5 6 7 4 7. What does the author want to tell us in the book?(　　) A. Achieving success through focus. B. The necessity of handwritten notes. C. The drawbacks of constant connectivity. D. An analysis of modern workforce challenges. A 解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段“It serves as a timely...connectivity and distractions.”可知,作者在这本书中是想告诉我们通过专注获得成功。故选A。 5 6 7 4 Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分,共15分) (2024·湖南怀化三模)Frank Herbert’s 1965 novel Dune is widely considered one of the best sci-fi books ever written.It is also one of the first to take environmental concerns 1 . “It’s really calling attention to the 2 to think ecologically,” says Gerry Canavan, co-editor of The Cambridge History of Science Fiction.“Prior to that moment, people just weren’t thinking in that way.” 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Herbert 3 to find a publisher for Dune, facing 23 rejections before it was finally 4 by Chilton Book Company.As the book gained 5 —winning two most prestigious (有声望的) prizes in science fiction and eventually selling around 20 million copies 6 —it began to affect pop culture. Dune 7 the environmental movement, which Herbert largely embraced.“I’m 8 to be put in the position of telling my grandchildren ‘Sorry, no more world for you.We have 9 all the resources,’” Herbert said at the first Earth Day in 1970. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Herbert was one of the earliest to 10 renewable energy,installing (安装) his own solar collector and windmill.He believed that understanding the 11 of human actions could reduce environmental damage. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 The 12 for Dune came from Herbert’s visit to Oregon’s sand dunes in 1957, where he 13 efforts to stabilize the landscape from local people.His novel serves as a cautionary tale about humanity’s relationship with the environment and the disastrous effects of 14 resource exploitation (开发).Dune challenges readers to consider the impact of their actions on the planet and serves as a 15 of the importance of sustainable living. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 [语篇解读]　本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了Frank Herbert发表小说《沙丘》的经历及这部小说对于生态保护的意义。 1. A.personally　　　　　 B. literally C. seriously D. equally 答案：C 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 解析:根据下文“It’s really calling attention to the 2 to think ecologically”可知,Frank Herbert在他的小说《沙丘》中提到了认真严肃对待环境的问题。故选C。 显示原文 2. A.necessity B. attempt C. agreement D. freedom 答案：A 解析:根据下文“Prior to that moment, people just weren’t thinking in that way.”可知,之前,人们并没有生态保护意识,所以,Frank Herbert想要在小说中唤起人们对于生态化思考必要性的注意。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 3. A.happened B. struggled C. chosen D. hesitated 答案：B 解析:根据“facing 23 rejections before it was finally”可知,Frank Herbert努力为《沙丘》寻找出版商。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 4. A.dismissed B. accepted C. recommended D. purchased 答案：B 解析:根据“facing 23 rejections before it was finally 4 by Chilton Book Company”可知,在最终被Chilton图书公司接受之前,他的小说被拒绝了很多次。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 5. A.permission B. control C. trust D. popularity 答案：D 解析：根据“winning two most...around 20 million copies”可知,《沙丘》这本小说出版之后开始流行。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 6. A.in time B. in turn C. in advance D. in total 答案：D 解析：根据“selling around 20 million copies”可知,此处表示售卖总计2 000万册。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 7. A.challenged B. pushed C. skipped D. simplified 答案：B 解析：根据第一段“Frank Herbert’s 1965 novel Dune...take environmental concerns 1 . ”可知,这是一本关于环境生态保护的科幻小说,所以,它推动了环境运动。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 8. A.unwilling B. unfortunate C. unsuitable D. unlikely 答案：A 解析：根据“to be put...have 9 all the resources”可知,告诉孙辈生态资源的枯竭这件事是不情愿的。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 9. A.picked up B. given up C. used up D. piled up 答案：C 解析：根据“Sorry, no more world for you.”可知,这里指对后代说没有他们生存的世界了,因为已经用完了所有的资源。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 10. A.advocate B. assign C. investigate D. deliver 答案：A 解析：根据“installing his own solar collector and windmill”可知,Frank Herbert提倡可再生资源。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 11. A.similarity B. consequences C. flexibility D. strengths 答案：B 解析：根据“understanding the 11 of human actions could reduce environmental damage”可知,了解人们行为的后果可以减少对于环境的破坏,因为环境的破坏大多是人类行为导致的。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 12. A.support B. proposal C. inspiration D. desire 答案：C 解析：根据“came from Herbert’s visit to Oregon’s sand dunes in 1957”可知,此处表示Frank Herbert写《沙丘》的灵感来源。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 13. A.witnessed B. spared C. confirmed D. graded 答案：A 解析：根据“The 12 for Dune...from local people.”可知,在俄勒冈州的沙丘,Frank Herbert目睹了当地人为稳定地貌做出的努力。故选A。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 14. A.limited B. balanced C. unchecked D. unchanged 答案：C 解析：根据“the disastrous effects of 14 resource exploitation”可知,人类开发是不加约束的,会带来严重的灾难性后果。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 15. A.review B. symbol C. victim D. reminder 答案：D 解析：根据“Dune challenges readers...and serves as”可知,这本小说让读者考虑自己的行为对于地球的影响,并在他们阅读时提醒他们可持续生活的重要性,作为保护环境的提醒物。故选D。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 显示原文 二次精读——溯原文,积语料,提素养 A篇 核心单词 Para.1:cover v.包括,涉及　associate v.联系 Para.2:frustrate v.沮丧 核心短语 Para.2:wrestle with全力对付 Para.3:be related to与……相关 长难句 分析 Posthuma said the story was inspired by a personal experience when “the one person that I thought would always be there withdrew from my life”.(Para.4) 分析:the story was...是said的宾语从句,省略了that;when引导时间状语从句;that引导定语从句;I thought 是插入语。 译文:波斯图马说,这个故事的灵感来自一次个人经历,当时“我认为永远在那里的那个人离开了我的生活”。 B篇 核心单词 Para.1:pose v.造成,引起　employ v.雇用　emphasize v.强调　critical adj.关键的 Para.2:address v.提出,设法处理 Para.4:advocate v.提倡　enhance v.提高 派生词汇 Para.1:exploration n.探索→explore v.探索 distraction n.分心→distract v.使分心 Para.2:information n.信息→inform v.通知,告知 Para.3:performance n.表演→perform v.演出,表演 核心短语 Para.6:in conclusion总而言之 课时作业 16 Unit 4 Exploring literature (二) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分) A (2024·重庆质量调研抽测一)Norwegian playwright and author Jon Fosse has just been awarded the 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature for his “innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable”. The Swedish Academy credits Fosse as “one of the most widely performed playwrights in the world”,although the 64-year-old originally made his name as a novelist,beginning with Red,Black in 1983.He has since written many works of prose and poetry.“His literary works,spanning a variety of genres (体裁),comprise about 40 plays and a wealth of novels,poetry collections,essays,children’s books and translations,” said Anders Olsson,chairman of the Nobel Committee for Literature. Jon Fosse draws inspiration from his rural living environment and personal struggles,which have deeply influenced his distinctive writing style.Growing up in a small coastal village,Fosse was immersed in the beauty of nature and the vastness of the sea,which filled him with a sense of solitude and introspection (内省) that is reflected in his works.Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness,longing,and the search for meaning in life.Additionally,his battles with depression have enabled him to explore the depth of human emotions and existential despair. “He touches you so deeply when you read his works,” said Anders Olsson.“What is special about him is the closeness in his writing.It touches your deepest feelings—anxieties,insecurities, questions of life and death—which are things that every human being actually faces from the very beginning.In that sense I think he reaches very far and there is a sort of universal impact of everything that he writes—it has appeal to this basic humanity.” Fosse is the first-ever laureate writing in Nynorsk,one of the two official languages of Norway,but only used by just 10% of the population.As The Guardian writes,“Many Nynorsk speakers see Fosse ‘as a kind of national hero’ for his championing of the language.” Fosse’s recognition on a global stage promotes the visibility and importance of Nynorsk as a written standard.It will attract more attention to Nynorsk literature,inspire and encourage Nynorsk speakers to continue preserving and promoting their linguistic (语言的) heritage. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。 Jon Fosse凭借其创新性的戏剧和散文荣获2023年诺贝尔文学奖。他是第一位使用新挪威语写作的诺贝尔奖获得者,他的获奖提升了新挪威语作为书面标准的知名度和重要性,并将吸引更多人关注新挪威语文学,促进新挪威语的发展和保护。 1. What do we learn about Jon Fosse from paragraph 2?(　　) A. His most popular work is the play Red,Black. B. He accomplished various genres of literature works. C. Many famous plays are the inspiration for his writing. D. His language skills earned him the Nobel Prize in Literature. B 1 2 3 4 解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His literary works,spanning a variety of genres,comprise about 40 plays and a wealth of novels, poetry collections,essays,children’s books and translations”可知, Fosse的文学作品涵盖多种体裁,包括约40部戏剧以及大量小说、诗集、散文、儿童读物和译作,故选B项。 1 2 3 4 2. What does the underlined word “solitude” mean in paragraph 3? (　　) A. Loss.　　　　　　　　 B. Fear. C. Loneliness. D. Sympathy. C 1 2 3 4 解析:词义猜测题。分析画线词所在句的句子结构可知,画线词与“introspection”并列,“that is reflected in his works”为定语从句；再结合下文中的“Fosse’s writing discussed themes of loneliness,longing, and the search for meaning in life.”可知,Fosse的作品探讨了孤独、渴望和探寻人生意义的主题。由此可推知,画线词应表示“孤独”,与loneliness意思一致。故选C项。 1 2 3 4 3. What is special about Jon Fosse’s works according to Anders Olsson?(　　) A. They show the bond between humans and nature. B. They guide readers to focus on personal feelings. C. They explore the inner meaning of life. D. They touch humans’ deepest emotions. D 1 2 3 4 解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中的“What is special about him is the closeness in his writing.It touches your deepest feelings”可知,Fosse的特别之处在于他作品中的亲密感,这种亲密感触动你最深的情感,故选D项。 1 2 3 4 4. What is the contribution made by Jon Fosse?(　　) A. Finding the importance of linguistic diversity. B. Improving the international status of Norway. C. Promoting the development and preservation of Nynorsk. D. Shaping the basic writing standard of Norwegian literature. C 1 2 3 4 解析:细节理解题。 根据最后一段可知,Fosse是第一位使用新挪威语写作的诺贝尔奖获得者,他的获奖提升了新挪威语作为书面标准的知名度和重要性,并将吸引更多人关注新挪威语文学,激励和鼓励讲新挪威语的人继续保护和发展他们的语言遗产。故选C项。 1 2 3 4 B (2024·湖北武汉调研)The greatest irony (讽刺) of the world-wide celebrations held in 2012 to honour the 200th anniversary (周年纪念) of the first edition of the Grimms’ Kinder-und Hausmärchen involves the discovery that most people really don’t know the original Grimms’ tales published in two volumes in 1812 and 1815. If we return to take a closer look at the first edition,we’ll find it was this edition that inspired scholars of folk culture throughout Europe to gather tales from oral tradition and preserve them for future generations. When Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm began collecting all kinds of folk tales and songs at the beginning of the 19th century,what attracted them to concentrate on old German literature was a belief that the most natural and pure forms of culture were located in the past, while modern literature,even though it might be remarkably rich,was artificial and thus could not express the genuine quality of folk culture that originated naturally from people’s experiences and bound the people together.Broadly speaking,the Grimms sought to collect and preserve ancient things consisting of tales,songs and documents.They intended to demonstrate how natural language, originating from the needs and customs of the common people,created genuine bonds and helped form civilized communities. Turning to the first edition,a reader might notice that,totally unlike the final edition of 1857,the first edition collects more genuine folk tales,keeping spoken and raw contents,despite the fact that the language is not as pleasing as that in later revised versions.For instance,Snow White’s mother,not her stepmother,wants to kill the beautiful girl out of envy.The storytellers do not beat about the bush and they tell the truths they know,engaging people to learn from symbols how to engage their realities,even though magic,incredible transformation and cruelty are involved. Lastly,the Grimms’ little-known first edition reveals forgotten voices that are actually deep within us.Therefore,the irresistibility of the Grimms’ tales is that really not theirs,but ours. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2012年举行的纪念《格林童话》出版200周年的活动揭开了很多不为人知的秘密。 5. According to the author,why should we rediscover the Grimms’ first edition?(　　) A. To explore its origin. B. To appreciate its significance. C. To honour its 200th anniversary. D. To remember the Brothers Grimm. B 5 6 7 8 解析:推理判断题。根据第二段“If we return to take a closer look at the first edition...preserve them for future generations.”可知,作者认为重新研究《格林童话》的初版可以让我们意识到这本书是如何鼓舞全欧洲的民间文化学者去收集口头传统中的故事并为后代保护它们的。换句话说,通过重新发现这本书的初版可以意识到这本书的重要性,故选B。 5 6 7 8 6. What is paragraph 3 of the text mainly about?(　　) A. The quality of the folk culture. B. The contents of the first edition. C. The feature of the old German literature. D. The motivation of the Grimms collecting tales. D 5 6 7 8 解析：段落大意题。根据第三段中的“what attracted them to concentrate on old German literature was a belief that the most natural and pure forms of culture were located in the past”和 “They intended to demonstrate...form civilized communities.”可知该段主要讲述的是格林兄弟收集故事的动机,故D项正确。 5 6 7 8 7. What can we learn about Snow White in the first edition?(　　) A. It is loosely based on the folk tale. B. It instructs readers to integrate into life. C. It is appealing for its beautiful language. D. It exposes envy and cruelty of the stepmother. B 5 6 7 8 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“they tell the truths they know...incredible transformation and cruelty are involved”可知,他们讲述他们所知道的真相,让人们从象征中学习如何融入现实,即使其中涉及魔法、难以置信的转变和残忍。由此可知,初版中的《白雪公主》指导读者融入生活,故B项正确。 5 6 7 8 8. What can we infer about the Brothers Grimm from the text?(　　) A. They were collectors of antiques. B. They kept their style in later editions. C. They thought highly of modern literature. D. They were pioneers in preserving folk culture. D 5 6 7 8 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“it was this edition that inspired scholars of folk culture throughout Europe to gather tales from oral tradition and preserve them for future generations”可知,《格林童话》的初版激励整个欧洲的民间文化学者去收集口头传统中的故事,并为后代保护下来。据此可以推断,格林兄弟是保护民间文化的先驱者,故选D。 5 6 7 8 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分) [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在国外生活和学习时,和寄宿家庭住在一起是让自己沉浸在当地文化中的最好的方式之一。文章介绍了一些如何与寄宿家庭一起生活并充分利用寄宿家庭这一经历的建议。 Living and studying abroad can be a rewarding and enriching experience. And living with a host family is one of the best ways to immerse yourself in its culture. However, living with a foreign family can be difficult and adjusting to it can take some effort. 1( ) A. Be open and respectful. B. Make time for those moments. C. The language barrier can also be a struggle. D. So instead of doing things blindly, just ask! E. Showing your gratitude will take you a long way. F. You may well recall the memorable moments with friends back home. G. Here are some tips on making the most of your host family experience. 1. 答案：G 解析：上文“Living and studying abroad can be a rewarding and enriching experience. And living with a host family is one of the best ways to immerse yourself in its culture.However, living with a foreign family can be difficult and adjusting to it can take some effort. ”说明在国外学习时,与寄宿家庭一起生活是让自己沉浸在寄宿家庭文化中的最佳方式之一,但是因为各种方面的不同,与外国家庭一起生活可能会很困难,适应它可能需要一些努力。空处承接上文,并引出下文中所给的建议。G项“这里有一些建议,可以帮助你充分利用寄宿家庭的经历”符合语境。故选G。 Involve yourself in family activities. If you spend all your time in your room, it’s going to be hard to feel like you belong. Getting involved in everyday activities with your host family will help you create a family bond. For example, some families like having dinner together on weekends. 2( ) Not only will they appreciate it but you will also feel like a part of their world. A. Be open and respectful. B. Make time for those moments. C. The language barrier can also be a struggle. D. So instead of doing things blindly, just ask! E. Showing your gratitude will take you a long way. F. You may well recall the memorable moments with friends back home. G. Here are some tips on making the most of your host family experience. 2. 答案：B 解析：上文“For example, some families like having dinner together on weekends.”以及下文“Not only will they appreciate it but you will also feel like a part of their world.”说明一些家庭周末喜欢一起吃饭,而参与这些活动会有积极效果。空处承上启下,B项中的those moments和上文中的“some families like having dinner together on weekends”相呼应,说明为那些时刻腾出时间,这样就能带来积极的效果。故选B。 Be patient with yourself. Keep in mind that you’ve just left everything you’ve known for years behind to start a new life. It’s okay to be confused. 3( ) While you may know the language, some expressions and slang can be hard to grasp at first. Take it easy. Remember you will adapt but it will take some time. A. Be open and respectful. B. Make time for those moments. C. The language barrier can also be a struggle. D. So instead of doing things blindly, just ask! E. Showing your gratitude will take you a long way. F. You may well recall the memorable moments with friends back home. G. Here are some tips on making the most of your host family experience. 3. 答案：C 解析：上文“Keep in mind that you’ve just left everything you’ve known for years behind to start a new life. It’s okay to be confused.”以及下文“While you may know the language, some expressions and slang can be hard to grasp at first.”说明在国外学习和生活意味着放弃了多年来所知道的一切,开始了新的生活,困惑是正常的。空处承上启下,C项中的also和上文形成递进关系,the language barrier和下文的“some expressions and slang can be hard to grasp”相呼应,说明语言障碍也是适应过程中的一项挑战。故选C。 Communication is key. If you are unsure about something, ask! It’s normal to know few customs and habits at first. 4( ) Your host family will understand and help you. It’s also normal not to know a lot about unspoken social rules of the country. A. Be open and respectful. B. Make time for those moments. C. The language barrier can also be a struggle. D. So instead of doing things blindly, just ask! E. Showing your gratitude will take you a long way. F. You may well recall the memorable moments with friends back home. G. Here are some tips on making the most of your host family experience. 4. 答案：D 解析：上文“If you are unsure about something, ask! It’s normal to know few customs and habits at first. ”说明如果有不确定的事情要问,尝试去了解一些风俗习惯。空处和上文形成因果关系,表示在了解的过程中需要大胆去询问。D项中的“just ask”和上文中的“If you are unsure about something, ask！”相呼应,D项“所以不要盲目行事,尽管问吧！”符合语境。故选D。 5( ) You have to understand that host families are not just providing a roof over your head. They are making significant changes to their daily routines. Thank them for their kindness, patience and understanding. Let them know how much their assistance means to you. Remember, a grateful heart is a happy heart, and a happy heart will lead you to further success and fulfillment in your life abroad. A. Be open and respectful. B. Make time for those moments. C. The language barrier can also be a struggle. D. So instead of doing things blindly, just ask! E. Showing your gratitude will take you a long way. F. You may well recall the memorable moments with friends back home. G. Here are some tips on making the most of your host family experience. 5. 答案：E 解析：下文“You have to understand that host families are not just providing a roof over your head. They are making significant changes to their daily routines. Thank them for their kindness, patience and understanding.”说明寄宿家庭为你做出了改变,所以要心怀感激之情。E项“表达你的感激之情会让你走得更长远”适合作本段的主旨句,统领全段。故选E。 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分) [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了古籍的意义、发展历程和特点以及上海博物馆举办此次展览的目的。 (2024·重庆质量调研抽测一)With their remarkable spirituality and materiality,ancient books play a 1 (vital) important role in bearing the memories and wisdom of the Chinese nation.Indeed,they have helped to safeguard and extend the Chinese civilization,which boasts 2 unique length,breadth and depth. 1. 答案：vitally 解析：考查词性转换。句意：古籍以其非凡的精神性和物质性,在承载中华民族的记忆和智慧方面发挥着至关重要的作用。分析句子结构可知,空处填副词修饰空后的形容词important。 2. 答案：a 解析：考查冠词。句意：实际上,它们(古籍)帮助保护和延续了具有独特长度、广度和深度的中华文明。空处修饰名词length, breadth和depth,且名词前有形容词修饰。此处表示泛指,且unique的发音以辅音音素开头,故填不定冠词a。 The Song and Yuan dynasties saw a peak in the 3 (grow) of Chinese culture,which involved a golden age of ancient books.In this period,papermaking technology matured,ink manufacturing entered a stage of transformation 4 printing technology reached perfection.Books of the time mainly 5 (make) of paper,with various binding (装订) formats, including scroll binding,butterfly binding and wrapped-back binding 6 ____________ (handwrite),block-printed,or rubbed from steles (石碑).They showed beauty in fonts,typography,and binding, 7 made ancient books objects of desire for collectors of all time. 3. 答案：growth 解析：考查词性转换。 句意：宋元时期是中国文化发展的巅峰时期,也是古籍的黄金时代。空处跟在the的后面,故填名词growth。growth在此意为“发展”,是不可数名词。 4. 答案：and 解析：考查并列连词。句意：这一时期,造纸技术日趋成熟,油墨制造进入转型阶段,印刷技术日趋完善。空前的“papermaking technology matured” “ink manufacturing entered a stage of transformation”和空后的“printing technology reached perfection”之间是并列关系,故填and。 5. 答案：made 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当时的书籍主要以纸为材料,装订形式多种多样,包括卷轴装、蝴蝶装、包背装,有手写的、雕版印刷的,也有碑刻的。分析句子结构可知,空处在句中作非谓语,make与逻辑主语“Books of the time”之间是动宾关系,故填made。 6. 答案：were handwritten 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。 根据句中的“Books of the time”可知,此处应用一般过去时；主语books和handwrite之间是被动关系,且books表示复数,故填were handwritten。 7. 答案：which 解析：考查定语从句。句意：它们在字体、排版和装订上表现出美感,这使得古籍一直是收藏者渴望拥有的东西。空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面的整个句子,从句中缺少主语,故填which。 The Shanghai Museum 8 (list) in the first group both of the Nationally Key Institutions and of the Municipally Key Institutions for Safeguarding Ancient Books has attached great importance 9 the editing,research,preservation,and display of ancient books.10 (conduct) the governmental Opinions on Promoting the Work of Ancient Books in the New Era and to respond to the concern of the public,a large number of masterpieces have been selected in this exhibition for our visitors. 8. 答案：listed 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,空处作非谓语,list与其逻辑主语“The Shanghai Museum”之间是动宾关系,故用过去分词短语作后置定语,故填listed。 9. 答案：to 解析：考查介词。 attach great importance to sth.表示“认为……十分重要”,为固定搭配,故填to。 10. 答案：To conduct 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为落实政府的《关于推进新时代古籍工作的意见》和回应公众的关注,本次展览精选了大量古籍佳作供大家参观。根据语境可知,此处是非谓语动词短语作目的状语；空处位于句首,注意首字母要大写,故填To conduct。 二次精读——溯原文,积语料,提素养 A篇 核心单词 Para.2:span v.涵盖(多项内容);跨越　comprise v.包括,包含 Para.3:distinctive adj.独特的　despair n.绝望 Para.4:insecurity n.不安全 Para.5:recognition n.认可;认出　promote v.促进;提倡　preserve v.保护 派生词汇 Para.2:originally adv.最初→original adj.原先的,最初的→origin n.起源→originate v.起源 Para.3:inspiration n.灵感→inspire v.激励 核心短语 Para.1:give voice to表达,吐露(想法、感情等) Para.3:be immersed in沉浸在 B篇 核心单词 Para.3:genuine adj.真的;名副其实的;真诚的　demonstrate v.证明;证实;说明 派生词汇 Para.3:remarkably adv.非凡地,惊人地;非常→remarkable adj.非凡的,惊人的;显著的 Para.5:irresistibility n.不可抗拒→irresistible adj.无法抵制的;非常诱人的→resistible adj.可抵制的,可抗拒的 核心短语 Para.3:broadly speaking大体上讲 Para.4:out of envy出于嫉妒　beat about the bush旁敲侧击,转弯抹角 长难句 分析 When Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm began collecting all kinds of folk tales and songs at the beginning of the 19th century,what attracted them to concentrate on old German literature was a belief that the most natural and pure forms of culture were located in the past,while modern literature,even though it might be remarkably rich, was artificial and thus could not express the genuine quality of folk culture that originated naturally from people’s experiences and bound the people together.(Para.3) 长难句 分析 分析:本句为并列连词while引导的并列句。第一个分句中when引导时间状语从句;what引导主语从句;that引导同位语从句,解释说明belief的内容。第二个分句中even though引导让步状语从句;that引导定语从句,修饰culture。 译文:当Jacob Grimm和Wilhelm Grimm在19世纪初开始收集各种各样的民间故事和歌曲时,吸引他们专注于古老德国文学的是一种信念,即最自然和纯粹的文化形式存在于过去,而现代文学,即使它可能非常丰富,但它是人工的,因此不能表达自然源于人们的经验并将人们联系在一起的民间文化的真正特质。 写作规范练（二） Ⅰ.应用文写作——建议信(满分15分) (2024·河南适应性测试)假如你是李华,你校计划举行以“Fly Your Dream”为主题的英语周活动,现就活动的内容、形式征集建议,请你给负责本次活动的外教Chris写一封信,提出你的想法。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右。 Dear Chris, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua [参考范文] Dear Chris, I’m Li Hua,a senior 3 student in our school.I feel greatly privileged and excited to show my opinions on the approaching activity week with the theme of “Fly Your Dream”. Personally,a theme class meeting,I Have a Dream,may be a good alternative,offering us students an opportunity to share our dreams freely.Additionally,each class can choose a representative to join in a speech contest titled “Fly Your Dream”,which will serve as an inspiration for us to dream big and fight for a better future. I’m really expecting the coming of the significant week.Sincere gratitude for your consideration. Yours, Li Hua Ⅱ.读后续写——挑战自我(满分25分) 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 (2024·贵州贵阳第二次适应性考试)The smell of defeat filled the air on a warm October evening. In the school parking lot stood Coach McDonald and me, a loser in the 160-pound weight class. Coach McDonald’s hands firmly grasped my shoulders, his eyes looking through my uncertainty. “Billy,” his voice cut through the uneasy quiet. “The potential for you to become an excellent wrestler exists. It takes time,” he argued. “Don’t you see? I lost... again. Ten matches. Never won.” Frustration struck me as I stepped away from Coach McDonald. Pulling my cell phone from my equipment bag, I said definitively, “I need to call my mom. She’ll pick me up.” I just wanted to get away as soon as possible and flung myself into Mom’s arms. She had always been my best friend and supporter. While waiting for her to answer my call, the thought of quitting the sport rumbled in my mind. I was so frustrated at that time that I ignored the joy and satisfaction wrestling had brought to me. Coach McDonald closed in. “Billy, look at me,” he said. “Pound for pound, you’re the strongest and most flexible (灵活的) kid on the team. That’s a winning combination. Master the techniques in practice, and victory will be yours, I promise.” I coughed and pulled my sweaty shirt off my chest. “When, Coach?” With a knowing look, Coach said, “Do you know how long it took me to win my first match?” He stood up straight, squinting (斜视) like he was recalling a tough time. “During my first year, I lost every match. I ended the season 0-11. I didn’t lose at all in the following two years, including two state championships. Billy, that can be you someday. But it’ll never happen if you quit.” In that silent moment, I felt a slight pain within me, but it was weak, not strong enough to change my mind. Coach cleared his throat, glancing at his watch. “Well, I’m hungry.” “And my mom’s here,” I said. Then I jumped into her car. 注意：续写词数应为150个左右。 In the car, I told her I lost again and I was hesitating about quitting the team.__________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, I walked into the training field again. ___________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 写作思路： 故事 梗概 本文讲述作者在160磅重量级摔跤比赛中失败了,很失落,但是他的教练在他身边鼓励他,说他是一个有潜力的优秀的摔跤手。同时,教练提到自己曾经连续11 次比赛失败的经历,但是最终在接下来的两年里一次也没输过。他希望作者也能够坚持下去,在实践中掌握技巧,最后取得胜利。但是作者没有被这些话说服,仍想退出队伍。他给妈妈打了电话,因为妈妈始终是作者的朋友和支持者。正在教练和作者交谈的时候,作者的妈妈开车到了 续写 思路 续写 第一段 根据续写第一段提示句“在车上,我告诉她我又输了,我犹豫要不要退出团队”以及续写第二段提示句“第二天,我又走进了训练场”可推知,第一段应该谈到妈妈在车上以及回到家里后对作者的开导和鼓励使他对自己增强了信心,同时作者自己又再次思考教练对他说的话,决定第二天继续进行接下来的比赛。那么在本段中妈妈鼓励的话是最为关键的,同时要写出听完妈妈的话后,作者反思的心理活动 续写 第二段 续写第二段中要谈到作者回到比赛队伍后,教练的欣慰和鼓励,还要写出作者充满信心,鼓足士气继续参加比赛,最重要的是写出作者为自己的目标而努力的决心 [参考范文] In the car, I told her I lost again and I was hesitating about quitting the team. Mom remained silent for a full minute, tightening her grip on the steering wheel. Finally, she spoke in a measured tone, “Billy, quitting is not a sign of weakness. Winning or losing doesn’t define you. What matters is whether you’re pursuing something that brings you joy.” Her words cleared up the self-doubt that had clouded my judgement and reignited a spark of courage within me. I recalled why I had learned to wrestle in the first place. “Thanks, Mom. I know what I should do.” The next day, I walked into the training field again. Coach McDonald was already there.He smiled when he saw me with a knowing look. “Back for more, Billy?” he said, clapping me on the back. I nodded,making up my mind to give it another shot. As I tied my shoes and prepared for the practice, I felt a surge of determination washing over me. Maybe Coach was right. Maybe I do have what it takes to be a champion. And if not, at least I am pursuing something that brings me joy and a sense of purpose. $$