必修3 Unit 2 Making a difference-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（外研版）

必修第三册 Unit 2　Making a difference 主题语境　志愿服务 单元主题· 创意背记 板块一　词句背诵 背诵默写本 ◆重点单词 五级词汇 disease n．[C]&[U]疾病,病 earn vt.& vi.挣(钱),赚得(n.earnings) vt.博得,赢得 　earn money/an income/a fortune挣钱/收入/大钱 　earn a/one’s living谋生 major adj.[常用于名词前]主要的,重要的;[不用于名词前]严重的(serious);主修的 n．[C](大学里的)主修科目,主修(某科目的)学生 vi.主修,专攻 　major achievements主要成就 四级词汇 achievement n．[C]成就,功绩,成绩;[U]达成,完成(v.achieve) 　a sense of achievement成就感 aid vi.& vt.[正式用语]帮助,援助(help) n．[U]援助,帮助;救援物资 　with the aid of在……帮助下,借助于 　come/go to sb.’s aid帮助某人 　in aid of帮助…… cancer n．[C]&[U]癌症 drug n．[C]药物,药材;毒品 effective adj.有效的,产生预期效果的(反ineffective);生效的(n.effect) 　take effective measures/steps采取有效措施 further adj.[far的比较级][只用于名词前](距离、时间、程度上)更多的,附加的 adv.(距离、时间、程度上)更远地;进一步地 reality n．[U]真实,现实;[C]事实 　make one’s dream a reality实现某人的梦想 　in reality实际上,事实上 recycle vt.(使)再利用,回收利用(n.recycling) treatment n．[C]&[U]治疗;疗法;[U]对待,待遇(v.treat) 三级词汇 certificate n．[C]证明书,证书 　issue a certificate颁发证书 　a birth/marriage certificate出生证明/结婚证 chief adj.[只用于名词前]首席的,最高级别的;首要的,主要的(main) n．[C]首领,领袖,上司 　the chief editor/engineer/executive 总编/总工程师/首席执行官 　the chief problem/reason主要问题/原因 contribution n．[C]贡献;捐款,捐献物;稿件,作品 　 make a contribution to对……作出贡献 extend vt.& vi.持续;延伸;(使)扩大,(使)扩展 vt.伸开,展开,伸出 foundation n．[C]基金会;[常用复数]地基;[C]&[U]基础,根据;[U]创建,创办 fund vt.为……提供资金,资助 n．[复数]资金;[C]基金,专款 generous adj.慷慨的,大方的 hesitate vi.迟疑,犹豫(n.hesitation) 　hesitate to do sth.犹豫做某事 　hesitate about/over对……犹豫 military n．[与the连用]军队 adj.军事的,军队的 obtain vt.[正式用语]获得,得到(get) registration n．[C]&[U]登记,注册(v.register) royal adj.王室的,皇家的;盛大的 sensitive adj.(感情)敏感的,容易生气的;善解人意的; (对光、温度等)敏感的,过敏的; (话题、形势等)敏感的 shortage n．[C]&[U]短缺,不足,缺乏(adj.short) 　food/water/housing shortages食物/用水/住房短缺 temporary adj.临时的;短期的,短暂的(反permanent) assistance n．[U]帮助,援助(v.assist) disability n．[C]&[U]残疾,残障;障碍 donate vt.& vi.捐赠,捐献(n.donation) 　donate...to...向……捐赠…… fountain n．[C]喷水池;源泉,来源 insight n．[C]顿悟,猛醒,深入了解;[U]洞察力,眼光 institution n．[C]机构,团体;制度 　educational institutions教育机构 internal adj.内部的;体内的;内心的 二级词汇 ministry n．[C](政府的)部 　Ministry of Education教育部 mission n．[C]任务,使命;职责 relief n．[U](痛苦等的)减轻,缓解(v.relieve);救济物(aid) 　in/with relief如释重负,松了口气 territory n．[C]&[U]地区,地方;领土,版图 一级词汇 confirmation n．[C]&[U]证实,证明(v.confirm) *perseverance n．[U]不屈不挠,坚持不懈 *Nazi n．纳粹党员,纳粹分子 *Jewish adj.犹太人的,犹太教的 knighthood n．(英国的)爵士封号或头衔 ◆重点短语 1．look across眺望;往对面看 2．earn/make money 挣钱 3．turn out 出席;结果是 4．make a difference 有影响;起作用 5．break into a smile 突然笑起来 6．set up 建立 7．benefit from... 从……中获益 8．make one’s dream a reality 使某人梦想成真 9．keep records of 把……记录下来 10．at one point 一度;曾经 11．rise to one’s feet 站起身来 12．bring...to public attention 使……引起公众注意 13．pass away 去世 ◆句式表达 1．句式：have trouble (in) doing As a six-­year-­old Canadian schoolboy, Ryan had trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.6岁的加拿大男学生瑞安听老师说,非洲发展中国家的许多人无法获得足够的干净的水,他对此感到难以置信。 2．句式：not...but... Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help?”, but “How can I help today?”．现在,作为一个成年人,瑞安说,要问的问题不是“为什么我不去帮忙?”,而是“今天我应该如何帮忙?”。 3．句式：on doing On leaving school, Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.一毕业,温顿就在德国和法国的银行工作。 4．句式：as引导非限制性定语从句 As the Chinese saying goes, “A kind-­hearted person lives a long life.” 正如中国的一句谚语所说,“仁者寿。” 板块二　默写练习 第一组　核心单词 1． his living as a lorry driver 他靠当卡车司机谋生 2． the life of your car 延长你的汽车的寿命 3． a diplomatic 外交任务 4． heart 心脏病 5． a offer 一个慷慨的提议 6． medical programmes 医疗援助计划 earn extend mission disease generous aid 7． the problem 主要问题 8． permission 得到许可 chief obtain 1． short adj.不足的→ n．短缺,不足,缺乏 2． donate v．捐赠,捐献→ n．捐赠,赠送 3． real adj.真实的,实际存在的→ n．真实,现实 → v．实现;意识到;领会 4． able adj.能;有才能的→ n．能力→ ⁠ adj.未能,无法→ v．使丧失能力,使伤残 → n．残疾,残障 shortage donation reality realise/realize ability unable disable disability 第二组　拓展词汇 5． sense n．感觉官能 v．感觉到→ adj.敏感 的,容易生气的→ adj.明智的,理智的,合理的 6． confirm v．证实,证明→ n．证实,证明 7． temporary adj.短期的,短暂的,临时的→ ⁠ adv.临时地 8． treat v．治疗,对待→ n．治疗;疗法 sensitive sensible confirmation temporarily treatment 9． My foreign teacher often ⁠ students in learning English and gives ⁠ to anyone in need.I plan to be an ⁠ of him next year.(assist) 10． Although he had disabilities,he succeeded in ⁠ his dreams and we celebrated the ⁠ he had made.(achieve) assists assistance assistant achieving achievements ■利用语境串记单词 11． The writer personally ￡3,000 to the earthquake-­stricken area last week and all his ⁠ were gratefully received.(contribute) 12． To my ,what the teacher does ⁠ our stress in the study.(relief) 13． She was so ⁠ to the people in need of help and her ⁠ inspired more people to help others.(generous) contributed contributions relief relieves generous generosity 14． The man will help you without ⁠. Therefore,when you are in trouble,don’t ⁠ to turn to him for help.(hesitate) hesitation hesitate 1． 眺望;往对面看 2． 挣钱 3． 使某人梦想成真 4． 把……记录下来 5． 一度;曾经 6． 站起身来 7． 使……引起公众注意 8． 去世 9． 突然笑起来 look across earn/make money make one’s dream a reality keep records of at one point rise to one’s feet bring...to public attention pass away break into a smile 第三组　重点短语 10． The experiment, though they tried their best, ⁠ (结果还是失败了). 11． For all these years I have been working for others. I’m hoping I’ll (自己创业) some day. 12． If we are to (在生活中有所 作为), it’s very important that we should begin with small things.(主 旨升华) turned out to be a failure set up my own business make a difference in life ■根据语境完成句子 13． Keep it in mind, and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and (从中获益).(建议信) benefit from it 1． 生命的价值不在于能活多少天,而在于我们怎么利用这些 日子。(主旨升华) The value of life ⁠ ．(not...but...) 2． 一到达村庄,我们就去帮助农民摘苹果了。(活动介绍) ⁠ , we went to help the farmers to pick apples.(on doing) doesn’t lie in the length of days, but lies in the use that we make of them On arriving at the village 第四组　句式仿写 3． 正如一句谚语所说,“不到长城非好汉。”(景点介绍) ⁠,“He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.”(as引导非限制性定语从句) Just as a saying goes 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 课时作业 巩固提升 Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 1. relief n．减轻,缓解;安慰;救济→ v．减轻,缓和; 缓解→ adj.感到宽慰的;放心的 (1)to one’s relief令人感到欣慰的是 with/in relief 欣慰地,宽慰地 relieve relieved It is a relief to do sth.做某事是放心的/舒心的。 What a relief! 多么令人欣慰啊！/可轻松了！ (2)relieve sb.of...帮助……减轻(负担)　 ①A joke’s quality counts less than attitude and effort—even a stupid joke can relieve others ⁠ risk and embarrassment. ②Most of the workers in this institution breathed a sigh of ⁠ (relieve) when they heard the project had been successfully completed. ③ (令他们欣慰的是),the heavy rain stopped just in time for the outdoor concert to go ahead as planned. of relief To their relief ④听到那个失踪的男孩被找到时安然无恙,真是让人松了一 口气,我们所有的担忧和恐惧瞬间烟消云散。(情绪描写) ⁠ _________, and all our worries and fears were instantly put to rest．(it 作形式主语) It was such a relief to hear that the missing boy was found safe and sound put sth.to rest平息, 使停止 2. hesitate v．迟疑,犹豫→ n．踌躇;犹豫 hesitation (1)hesitate to do sth.迟疑做某事 hesitate about/over (doing) sth.对(做)某事犹豫不决 (2)without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事 ②(北师大必修三U7)The audience did not hesitate ⁠ ⁠ (applaud) loudly as the famous composer walked out onto the stage for the first time in 12 years. ③听到呼救声,亨利冲到河边,脱下衣服,毫不犹豫地跳进水 里。(动作链描写) 　Hearing the cry for help, Henry dashed to the riverside,threw off his clothes and ⁠． to applaud jumped into the water without hesitation ①(译林选必一U4)People with the impression that poetry is difficult to understand often hesitate ⁠ reading poetry. about/over break into 闯入;突然……起来 break away from 脱离;突然挣脱 break in 打断,插嘴;强行进入 break out 爆发;突然发生 break through 突破;克服 break down (身体)垮掉;(机器)出故障;失败;使分解(为) break off 折断;中断;突然停止 break up 粉碎;结束,解散 3. break into a smile突然笑起来 ①(译林选必二U1)A terrible fire broke ⁠ on Sunday night, leaving the Henderson Tower seriously damaged. ②(2024·全国甲卷)If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks ⁠ six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing． ③他们在比赛中获得第一名的好消息一宣布,孩子们就欢呼 起来。(动作描写) The moment the good news that they won first prize in the contest was announced, ⁠． out down the children broke into cheers 完美收尾 help sb. to one’s feet 帮助某人站起来 struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来 jump/spring/leap to one’s feet 跳起来 set foot in/on 进入;参观(某地) stand on one’s own feet 自立;独立自主 4. rise to one’s feet站起身来 ①(北师大必修三U7)As the final, joyous note signalled the end of the symphony, the audience ⁠ (跳了起来),clapping, cheering and waving their hats. ②(人教选必二U5)With the help of Zhang’s friends, he was able to (帮助张站起来). ③Though John was badly wounded in the first lap, he (挣扎着站起来) and went on running. sprang/jumped/leapt to their feet help Zhang to his feet struggled to his feet ④当领先的选手进入体育馆准备跑完全程42千米的最后几米 时,观众都站起身来欢呼喝彩。(动作描写) As the leader came into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42­-kilometre race, the audience ⁠ ⁠． rose to their feet to shout and cheer [教材原句]　Now, as an adult, Ryan says that the question to ask is not “Why don’t I help?”, but “How can I help today?”．现在, 作为一个成年人,瑞安说,要问的问题不是“为什么我不去帮忙?”,而 是“今天我应该如何帮忙?” 5.not...but...“不是……而是……” (1)“not...but...”连接的两个并列成分作主语时,谓语动词的单 复数遵循“就近原则”,即要与邻近的主语在单复数上保持一致。 (2)遵循“就近原则”的结构还有： either...or...或者……或者…… neither...nor... 既不……也不…… not only...but (also)...不但……而且…… ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes ⁠ their mistakes. but 有点儿,有几分 ②Not only I but also my friend ⁠ (gain) valuable experience and skills through participating in this volunteer program in the last two weeks. ③As for environmental protection, ⁠ (不是我们说了什么而是我们做了什么) makes a difference. has gained not what we say but what we do →As for environmental protection, ⁠ ．(强调句型) it is not what we say but what we do that makes a difference Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1． (2024·浙江1月卷)Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption, we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most ⁠ (effect). 2． (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I’ve been motivated—and demotivated— by other folks’ ⁠ (achieve) all my life. 3． (2023·浙江1月卷)The last day to cancel ⁠ (register) and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. effectively achievements registration 4． (译林必修三U2)To her great ⁠ (relieve),the officer immediately realized the coming danger. The beach was rapidly cleared of people, just before the huge waves crashed into the coast. 5． (人教选必一U5)However, what concerned him (Yuan Longping) most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious ⁠ (short) of food to eat. 6． As students, we should make ⁠ (contribute) to saving resources and protecting our environment. relief shortage contributions 7． If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school,Wilson never hesitates ⁠ (buy) them a meal. 8． Now, a recent study suggests that a young baby ⁠ (benefit) from interactive music classes has better communication skills than one who takes a less-­active class. 9． From a young age, my parents have taught me the importance of giving ⁠ (generous) to the less fortunate. 10． To be frank,without my English teacher’s encouragement and ⁠ (assist), I wouldn’t have made such great progress in English learning. to buy benefiting generously assistance Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1． 全面考虑,锻炼不仅有益于我们的健康,而且提高我们的 学习效率。(独立主格结构) ⁠ , not only does exercise benefit our health but it also improves our learning efficiency.(建议信) All things considered 2． 他没有选择逃避,而是勇敢地、坚定地面对了挑战。 (not...but...) He ⁠ bravely and firmly. (情感描写) 3． 如果你在学习英语方面有任何困难,请尽管找我帮忙。 (trouble) If you ⁠ ⁠ , please feel free to turn to me for help. didn’t choose to escape but faced the challenge have any trouble with English study/in learning English 4． 俗话说得好：“诚实是知识之门的金钥匙。”(as引导的非 限制性定语从句) ⁠,“Honesty is the golden key to the door of knowledge.” 5． 当他听到考试又没通过的坏消息时,他突然哭了起来。 He ⁠ when he heard the bad news that he didn’t pass the exam again.(情绪描写) As the saying goes well broke into tears Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1．(2023·全国乙卷)I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. _____ A．建起　　　　B．创立　　　　C．安排 2．According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5,500, giving the rhinos a “critically endangered” status. _____ A．基金会 B．资金 C．储存 C A A．吸收,摄入　 B．收留　 C．理解　 D．欺骗　 E.包含,包括 (1)This is the total cost of your trip,taking everything in. _____ (2)(译林选必四U4)I took a few seconds to compose myself and to take in the scene that was laid out before me. _____ (3)My heart sank when I knew the old lady was homeless,so I took her in. ____ E C B 3．take in (4)Don’t be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.______ (5)(译林必修一U4)If they do not take in enough food, they may feel weak and get ill easily. ______ D A A．吸收,摄入　 B．收留　 C．理解　 D．欺骗　 E.包含,包括 3．take in 根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正 确形式完成下面的语篇。 Many Hands Make Light Work Last weekend we went to a community near our school to do some volunteer work,1. ⁠ [这对整个社区产生了很大的影响(非限制性定语从 句)]. 2． (早上一到那里),we were warmly welcomed by everybody. Soon we got down to work. which made a great difference to the whole community Upon getting there in the morning 培优2　单元话题写作——志愿者活动 Some of us went to the community nursing home and 3.________ ______________________________________________[那些主 修音乐的学生给老人们唱了优美的歌曲(定语从句)].The elderly were so delighted that they all laughed (用倒装句升级本句＋用本 单元词汇升级黑体词：4. ⁠ ⁠).The others joined the locals to clean up the community. After about one hour,5. ⁠ [街道被打扫干净,垃圾被收集起来(独立主格)],the whole community took on a new look. The activity did not last long,but we learned a lot.By joining our hands,we can achieve big things and make the world a better place. those who major in music sang sweet songs to the elderly So delighted were the elderly that they all broke into a smile the streets cleaned and rubbish collected 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　relief, break into a smile, sensitive [动作描写]　rise to one’s feet, extend, assistance→assist, aid, obtain, hesitate→hesitation [人物描写]　generous, insight, perseverance 美句 1.He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him. They sang and danced happily. (情感描写) 2．At first Ryan was nervous,but soon a great warmth filled him.He really had made a difference for these children.He broke into a joyful smile.(情感描写) 3．Their heartbroken parents do not join them.Indeed,they fear they may never see their children again.(情感描写) Step 2　语料运用　【朋友互助脱险】 保罗透过窗户喊道：“快上车！”马克毫不犹豫地跳下自行车,坐到汽车后座上。在他的帮助下,马克安全了。“哦,天哪,我的朋友还在修自行车！”马克喊道。保罗很快把车开回去了。 Paul shouted through the window,“Get in the car quickly！” Mac 1.________________________ ______________________________ __________ (动作链描写). 2.___________________,Mac was safe. “Oh,my goodness,my friends are still repairing the bicycle！” shouted Mac. Paul drove the car back quickly. jumped off the bicycle and into the back seat of the car without hesitation With his assistance 幸运的是,几分钟后,他们找到了另外两个骑自行车的人。马克松了一口气,对保罗说：“没有你的慷慨相助,我将成为狼的晚餐。”听到这些,保罗笑了起来。 Luckily,a few minutes later,they found the other two cyclists. Mac 3._____________________ and said to Paul,“4._____________________ _________________________________________ (虚拟语气).”Hearing this,Paul 5.__________________． breathed a sigh of relief Without your generous assistance, I would be the dinner of the wolf broke into a smile 语料积累 【情感细节描写：惊讶(一)】 单词 astonished, amazed, surprised, shocked, astonishing, amazing, surprising, shocking, surprisingly, amazingly, shock, astonishment, surprise, amazement, amaze, astonish 词块 to one’s shock/astonishment/surprise/amazement令某人震惊/吃惊/惊异的是; in astonishment/surprise/shock/amazement吃惊地/震惊地/惊异地; in disbelief难以置信地; come as a shock to sb.……让某人很震惊; gasp in astonishment吃惊地倒抽一口气 句型 To people’s shock, a tornado occurred in a small town nearby.(介词短语) 使人们震惊的是, 龙卷风袭击了附近的一个小镇。 At the bad news, Mary froze with shock, as if rooted to the ground.(动词短语) 听到这个坏消息,玛丽呆住了,动弹不得。 Astonished/Surprised/Amazed, Mary realized that he had also recognized what her action meant.(形容词作状语) 玛丽惊讶地意识到他也明白了她的举动意味着什么。 句型 When Anne placed her favorite toy in the box, a spark of surprise flashed across her brother’s face.He stared at her with wide eyes.(无生命名词作主语) 当安妮把她最喜欢的玩具放进盒子里时,她哥哥脸上闪过一丝惊奇。他瞪大眼睛看着她。 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分) A (2025·福建适应性练习)Every morning at 5 a.m.,when most people are asleep,a single figure would be busy in the kitchen,cooking meals for the needy folks of Singapore until the rest of the volunteers and the four full-­time cooks arrive.Day in and day out,Mr. Tony Tay and his team prepare,cook,pack and deliver the food to various parts of the island.This team of caring volunteers from all walks of life work tirelessly to bring a smile to the less privileged,bringing warmth and kindness into their lives. During one of his visits to collect vegetables and distribute them to a less­-privileged neighbourhood,his wife noticed that the elderly folk did not take the vegetables.Upon being asked for the reason,one replied that she could not cook and thus only ate the rice delivered to her.Mrs. Tay then offered to cook for her,and that single meal initiated Willing Hearts,which has since served nearly 650,000 meals and counting. Since the organisation’s early days,volunteers have learned how to cook,interact with people from all walks of life,pick up different languages,gain greater knowledge about social issues,and most importantly,build strong bonds with one another.Through Willing Hearts,Mr. Tay hopes to expose the younger generation to the country’s backyard,to allow them to see and experience first-­hand what goes on behind closed doors.This is to encourage them to become more ______________individuals who understand the importance of taking care of the elderly,and be inspired to foster unity within their compassionate own families.His best gift during the course of this journey is seeing how younger volunteers help and feed the less privileged.One volunteer,he proudly tells us,has been inspired to start his own programme to help the needy. As a non-­profit organisation,Willing Hearts relies heavily on donations and food collections.Although the volunteers at Willing Hearts may be a small and irregular group,they are always on the lookout for the poor to extend their assistance to them. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Tony Tay成立的Willing Hearts一直在为新加坡的穷人做饭送餐,他希望年轻的志愿者可以通过这个项目让自己变得更有同情心和爱心。 1 2 3 4 1．What best describes Mr. Tay’s job?(　　) A．Professional.　　　　 B．Demanding. C．Well-­paid. D．Urgent. B 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Every morning at 5 a．m.,...Day in and day out,Mr. Tony Tay and his team prepare,cook,pack and deliver the food to various parts of the island...work tirelessly”可知,这份工作需要日复一日,从早上5点开始不知疲倦地工作。由此可知,这份工作费力费时,故B项正确。professional“职业的,专业的”;demanding“费力的”;well­-paid“薪水高的”;urgent“紧急的,紧迫的,迫切的”。 1 2 3 4 2．What inspires Mr. Tay to found Willing Hearts?(　　) A．Visits to the neighbourhood. B．Smiles from the less privileged. C．Encouragement from his wife. D．The answer from an old lady. D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“During one of his visits to collect vegetables...Mrs. Tay then offered to cook for her, and that single meal initiated Willing Hearts”可知,Mr. Tay和妻子有一次去一个街区去给老人送菜,妻子发现老人不拿蔬菜,其中一位老人说她不会做饭,只能吃送来的米饭,于是,妻子主动为她做饭。这也最终促成了Willing Hearts的成立,故D项正确。 1 2 3 4 3．What does the underlined word “compassionate” in paragraph 3 mean?(　　) A．Qualified. B．Sympathetic. C．Wealthy. D．Dynamic. B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“understand the importance of taking care of the elderly,and be inspired to foster unity within their own families”可知,Mr. Tay希望这些年轻人能够理解照顾老年人的重要性,并能够受到启发在自己家庭内部搞好团结。因此,Mr. Tay让他们“see and experience first-­hand what goes on behind closed doors”的目的是希望他们成长为更有同情心的人,故画线词的意义与B项最为接近。qualified“有资格的”;sympathetic“同情的,有同情心的”;dynamic“充满活力的,精力充沛的”。compassionate“有同情心的,表示怜悯的”。 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 4．What is the main purpose of setting up Willing Hearts?(　　) A．To pick up different languages. B．To enhance unity within society. C．To encourage the youth to assist the needy. D．To strengthen solid relationships with people. C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Through Willing Hearts,Mr. Tay hopes...seeing how younger volunteers help and feed the less privileged.”可知,Willing Hearts的目的是鼓励年轻志愿者去帮助和照顾需要帮助的人,故C项正确。 B (2024·河南郑州第二次质检)It was a cold May morning when I received an email from an old friend inviting me to join in a 10­-day all-­girls surf trip.I knew I had to say yes.The trip seemed simple enough.10 women aged 30 to 45, all complete strangers, were to meet on the coast of Portugal to try something new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean.I have always loved traveling, so I eagerly sent an email to my boss asking for time off to make the trip. If there’s one thing I’ve learned over my past 33 years, it’s that adults typically spend their days mastering the things they’ve done before.It seems like we pride ourselves on becoming experts in whatever field we’ve fallen into, knowing more about less.Now, in theory, this is a great strategy, as it allows you to become really good at one particular thing, but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking. I met my new surfing companions on the grass of the hotel lawn in a small surf town called Ericeira.Despite our different personalities and backgrounds, we were all united in a strong desire to challenge ourselves, learn, tackle and grow. The shores at Ericeira, where the beginners learn to surf, are shallow and covered with slippery rocks.They make for softer waves but are difficult to ride. Guided by our amazing coaches, together, we faced the waves.Sometimes, it poured with rain, and the waves crashed around us, but we were still out there.And with every slip and fall, words of encouragement filled the air.Honestly, I probably spent most of my days frozen to the bone, but that didn’t matter because a new level of genuine joy and personal achievement had been unlocked. Learning a new skill taught me the humility (谦虚) that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on.While surfing might not be my lifelong passion, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life.You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过葡萄牙的冲浪之旅,感悟到了突破极限和尝试新事物的价值。 5 6 7 8 5．What inspired the author to join the surf trip?(　　) A．Her love for seashore surfing. B．Her desire to make new friends. C．Her need to take a break from work. D．Her passion for exploring something new. D 5 6 7 8 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“10 women aged 30 to 45, all complete strangers, were to meet on the coast of Portugal to try something new: surfing in the Atlantic Ocean.”和文章最后一段中的“Learning a new skill taught me the humility that can come from doing badly at something new”可知,对探索新事物的热情激发了作者加入冲浪之旅。 5 6 7 8 6．What does the author think of adults’ focusing on mastering one field?(　　) A．It hurts one’s pride. B．It narrows one’s potential. C．It promotes one’s career success. D．It broadens one’s view of the world. B 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Now, in theory, this is a great strategy, as it allows you to become really good at one particular thing, but it also kind of ends up leaving some skills lacking.”可推知,作者认为,成年人专注于掌握一个领域会限制自己的潜力。 5 6 7 8 7．Which words can best describe the author’s surfing experience?(　　) A．Relaxing but dangerous. B．Tough and uninteresting. C．Challenging but rewarding. D．Surprising and unforgettable. C 5 6 7 8 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第五段的内容和文章最后一段中的“Learning a new skill taught me the humility that can come from doing badly at something new, and the pride that develops when you finally manage to grasp something you’ve been working on.”可知,作者的冲浪之旅是充满挑战的,但也是值得的。 5 6 7 8 8．What can be inferred about the author?(　　) A．She used to lack confidence in herself. B．She determined to become an expert surfer. C．She discovered her lifelong passion after the trip. D．She was more willing to try new experiences in life. D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“While surfing might not be my lifelong passion, trying it out inspired me to take more risks in life.You never know what you’re capable of if you don’t go out there and try.”可推知,作者变得更愿意尝试新事物了。 5 6 7 8 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分) [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。根据《欧洲社会心理学杂志》上发表的一项研究,形成一个新习惯平均需要66天。然而,仅仅依靠决心可能不是答案。 (2024·甘肃兰州诊断考试) How to Create Good Habits Have you ever made a promise to yourself that you didn’t keep? Commonly,when the new year ticks over,we make resolutions：going to the gym,studying harder or giving up a bad habit.1( ) But what if you want to create a new good habit? Well,it’s possible,but willpower might not be the only thing you need. A.Eat something you like. B．Learn something new every day. C．You should also avoid trying to change too much at once. D．Sadly,not long after we’ve made promises,we often end up breaking them. E．An example of this would be having breakfast or saying “please” and “thank you”． F．Is it of great importance for people to form a good habit of keeping a balanced diet? G．Do you want to lose weight because you want to be healthier or feel more attractive? 1．答案：D　 解析：空前提到在新年开始的时候我们通常会下决心：要去健身房,更努力学习或者放弃一个坏习惯。空后讲如果你想培养一个好习惯还是有可能的,劝我们不要放弃。空处应与上文为转折关系,承上启下,故D项“令人难过的是,在我们做出承诺后不久,我们经常以违背它们而告终”符合语境。 The basic idea of a habit is something we do almost unconsciously,as if you’re on autopilot.2( ) Good habits can be part of your daily routine.But if we don’t have those habits,how can we create them? According to a study published in the European Journal of Social Psychology,it takes an average of 66 days to form a new habit.However,relying only on determination may not be the answer. A.Eat something you like. B．Learn something new every day. C．You should also avoid trying to change too much at once. D．Sadly,not long after we’ve made promises,we often end up breaking them. E．An example of this would be having breakfast or saying “please” and “thank you”． F．Is it of great importance for people to form a good habit of keeping a balanced diet? G．Do you want to lose weight because you want to be healthier or feel more attractive? 2．答案：E　 解析：空前讲有些习惯是我们无意识地做某事,所以此处应是对“something we do almost unconsciously”的举例说明。E项“其中一个例子就是吃早饭或说’请’和’谢谢’”承接上文,符合语境。 Questioning why you want something to be the norm (常态) rather than relying on your resolve (决心) could be the key.3( ) The issue is,willpower could be subject to your mood—a bad mood may mean you don’t want to do something. A.Eat something you like. B．Learn something new every day. C．You should also avoid trying to change too much at once. D．Sadly,not long after we’ve made promises,we often end up breaking them. E．An example of this would be having breakfast or saying “please” and “thank you”． F．Is it of great importance for people to form a good habit of keeping a balanced diet? G．Do you want to lose weight because you want to be healthier or feel more attractive? 3．答案：G　 解析：空前讲要问你自己为什么想要让某件事情成为常态,而不是依赖决心是很重要的。空后讲问题是意志力会受到情绪的影响,糟糕的情绪意味着你不想做某事。下文是对问题的解释。故G项“你想减肥是因为你想健康还是想更有吸引力呢”符合上下文语境。 4( ) Giving up all your favourite foods,going to the gym,and stopping drinking at the same time will probably result in failure rather than sustainable practice.And don’t worry about failing—just start again! 4．答案：C　 解析：本空位于段首,应是这一段的主旨句。空后提到“放弃所有你最喜欢的食物,去健身房,同时戒酒的做法很可能会导致失败而不是持续的实践”,这些做法都是一下子改变太多。故C项“你也应该避免试图一下子改变太多”符合语境。 Finally,don’t do things outside your comfort zone.If you hate mushrooms,don’t persevere and try to add them to your diet just to be healthier.5( ) It might not be quick,but if you follow these tips,you may be able to change something for the better or kick a bad habit. A.Eat something you like. B．Learn something new every day. C．You should also avoid trying to change too much at once. D．Sadly,not long after we’ve made promises,we often end up breaking them. E．An example of this would be having breakfast or saying “please” and “thank you”． F．Is it of great importance for people to form a good habit of keeping a balanced diet? G．Do you want to lose weight because you want to be healthier or feel more attractive? 5．答案：A　 解析：上文提到“不要做超出你舒适区的事情。如果你讨厌蘑菇,不用坚持,不用为了更健康而把它们添加到你的饮食当中”,故A项“吃你喜欢吃的”对上文进行小结,符合语境。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分) (2024·福建福州质量检测)You enter through a round entrance known as a moon gate. There before you, is a 1_____ (cover) passage made of red wood, leading you past a walled courtyard. Along the edges of the courtyard are piles of rocks, among which 2 (grow) bamboo. The whole scene is like a painting; 3__ every step you take, another part of the painting is unrolled. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 4 (step) into the courtyard, you look over the scene. Latticed (格状) windows in the walls reveal yet more bamboo,suggesting that the courtyard is just one part of a 5______ (large) garden. At the far end of the courtyard is a room with wooden chairs, 6 windows that create frames for the scene of 7______ (strange) shaped rocks beyond them, just like Chinese ink­-wash paintings. This little courtyard is 8 picture of the classic Chinese concept of peace and beauty. Yet,you are not in China, but a copy of a Chinese garden.The Astor Chinese Garden Court 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 _____________(create) by a team of 26 Chinese craftsmen in 1981, and it represented the first permanent cultural exchange between America and China. The courtyard is a place of rest for a museum 10 (visit). As a museum piece in and of itself, the garden gives a wonderful view of ancient China. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个中国古典园林的美丽景色。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 显示原文 1．答案：covered　 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,此处应用形容词 covered 修饰名词passage,意为“有顶的”。故填covered。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 显示原文 2．答案：grows　 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,此处为定语从句的谓语动词,陈述一般性事实,时态应用一般现在时;且此处为倒装句,主语bamboo为不可数名词,谓语应用第三人称单数。故填grows。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 显示原文 3．答案：with　 解析：考查介词。此处指你每走一步,这幅画的另一部分就会展开,应用with作伴随状语,表示“随着”。故填with。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 显示原文 4．答案：Stepping/Having stepped　 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语动词look over,所以此处应用非谓语动词;逻辑主语you和动词step之间构成主谓关系,从谓语动词和非谓语动词发生的先后顺序上来看,step可能与look over同时发生,也可能先于look over发生,故此处可用现在分词形式,也可用现在分词的完成式。故填Stepping/Having stepped。注意首字母大写。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 显示原文 5．答案：larger　 解析：考查形容词的比较级。此处指墙上的格子窗露出了更多的竹子,这表明庭院只是一个更大花园的一部分。此处暗含比较含义,应用large的比较级。故填larger。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 显示原文 6．答案：and　 解析：考查连词。分析句子结构可知,此处应用连词连接wooden chairs和windows两个并列成分,表示“院子另一端的房间里有木质椅子和窗户”。故填and。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 显示原文 7．答案：strangely　 解析：考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知,此处应用副词修饰形容词shaped。故填strangely。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 显示原文 8．答案：a　 解析：考查冠词。分析句子结构可知,此处泛指“一幅表达中国古典的宁静美丽理念的图画”,其前应用不定冠词;且picture是发音以辅音音素开头的单词,其前应用a。故填a。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 显示原文 9．答案：was created　 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构并根据空格后的by可知,此处是句子的谓语,主语The Astor Chinese Garden Court与谓语动词create之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系,应用被动语态;结合句中的时间状语in 1981可知,时态应用一般过去时;主语The Astor Chinese Garden Court是单数概念,谓语动词应用单数形式。故填was created。 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 显示原文 10．答案：visitor　 解析：考查名词。此处指这个庭院是博物馆游客休息的地方。根据空前的a可知,此处应用可数名词单数。故填visitor。  二次精读——溯原文,积语料,提素养 A篇 核心单词 Para.1：tirelessly adv.不知疲倦的;不屈不挠地 Para.3：expose v．使面临,使遭受(危险或不快) foster v．促进;助长;培养;鼓励 派生词汇 Para.1：privileged adj.有特权的,受特别优待的;荣幸,幸运→privilege n．特殊利益,优惠待遇;特权,特殊待遇 核心短语 Para.1：from all walks of life来自各行各业 Para.2：and counting (数量)继续增长 Para.4：be on the lookout for 注意;警戒;留心 长难句 分析 Every morning at 5 a．m.,when most people are asleep,a single figure would be busy in the kitchen,cooking meals for the needy folks of Singapore until the rest of the volunteers and the four full­time cooks arrive.(Para.1) 分析：when引导定语从句,修饰先行词5 a．m.;cooking...Singapore为现在分词短语作状语;until引导时间状语从句。 译文：每天早上5点,当大多数人在睡觉的时候,一个身影在厨房里忙着为新加坡贫困的人做饭,一直到其余的志愿者和四名全职厨师到达。 B篇 核心单词 Para.1：complete adj.完全的,彻底的 eagerly adv.热切地,渴望地,渴求地 Para.2：typically adv.通常,一般;典型地 master v．掌握,精通 strategy n．策略,计策,行动计划 Para.3：companion n．(爱好、志趣等相投的)伙伴,同伴 personality n．个性,性格 tackle v．处理,对付(难题) Para.4：shallow adj.浅的 Para.5：genuine adj.真的;真诚的,可信赖的 Para.6：grasp v．理解,领会;抓牢,握紧 capable adj.有能力,有才能 派生词汇 Para.5：slip n．滑跤,滑倒,失脚→slippery adj.滑的,滑得抓不住(或站不稳、难以行走)的 核心短语 Para.2：pride oneself on (doing) sth.以(做)某事而自豪,对某事物感到得意 in theory理论上,从理论上来说 熟词生义 Para.5：crash 常用义：v.(使)(车)碰撞,(飞机)坠毁 n．(车辆的)撞车事故,(飞机的)坠毁,失事　文章义：v.(很响地)猛撞,猛击 长难句 分析 If there’s one thing I’ve learned over my past 33 years, it’s that adults typically spend their days mastering the things they’ve done before.(Para.2) 分析：本句中if引导条件状语从句;I’ve learned...33 years是定语从句,修饰先行词one thing;that adults...是表语从句;they’ve done before是定语从句,修饰先行词the things。 译文：如果说我在过去的33年里学到了什么,那就是成年人通常每天都在掌握他们以前做过的事情。 $$