必修1 Unit 4 Friends forever-【优化探究】2026高考英语一轮复习高考总复习配套课件（外研版）

必修第一册 Unit 4　Friends forever 主题语境　人际关系 单元主题· 创意背记 ◆重点单词 五级词汇 goods n．[复数]商品,货物 prefer (preferred,preferred) vt.[通常不用于进行时]更喜欢,更愿意 　prefer sb./sth. to do sth.更愿意/希望某人/某物做某事 　prefer to do sth./doing sth.更喜欢做某事 　prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.比起(做)某事,更喜欢(做)某事 　prefer＋that从句更愿意/希望…… prove (proved,proved/proven)vt.证明,证实;[用作系动词]证明是(turn out) 板块一　词句背诵 背诵默写本 prove sb./sth.(to be)＋adj./n.证明某人/某物是…… 　prove＋that/wh-从句证明…… 　it is proved that...经证实…… 　sb./sth. proves (to be)＋adj./n.事实证明某人/某物是…… quality n．[C]素质,品德;[C]&[U]品质,质量;[U]优质 adj.优质的,高质量的 　be of poor/good/top quality质量差/好/上乘 saying n．[C]格言,警句,谚语 　as the saying goes...常言道…… 四级词汇 advance n．[C]&[U]进步,进展;[C]前进 vi.(尤指士兵)前进,行进;上涨,增加 vt.& vi.发展,进步 vt.促进;预付;提出;提前 adj.[只用于名词前]预先的 　advances in technology科技进步 adventure n．[C]历险(经历),奇遇;[U]冒险(adj.adventurous) anxious adj.不安的,焦虑的(worried);令人焦虑的(worrying);渴望的(keen) be anxious for sb./about sth.为某人/某事忧虑 　　(be) anxious to do sth.渴望做某事 ashamed adj.[不用于名词前]感到不好意思的,难为情的(反proud);害臊的 　(be) ashamed of因……羞愧 atmosphere n．[C]&[U]气氛,氛围,环境;[C]大气层,气体,空气 　a party atmosphere聚会的气氛 comfort n．[U]安慰,慰藉;舒适(感),安逸(感);[单数]令人感到安慰的人(或事物) vt.安慰,宽慰 deliver vt.& vi.递送,传送 vt.发表,宣布;移交 digital adj.数码的,数字的 　the digital age数字时代 distance vt.使与……保持距离;撇清和……的关系 n．[C]&[U]距离,间距;冷淡,疏远;[U]遥远;[单数]远处,远方 　distance oneself from sth.使自己与某事保持距离;撇清自己和某事的关系 　keep one’s distance保持距离 enable vt.使发生,使可能(able,ability,disability,disabled,unable) 　enable sb. to do sth.使某人能够做某事 familiar adj.熟悉的;常见到的(n.familiarity) 　be familiar with sth.熟悉/通晓某事物 forever adv.永远,长久地(for ever) *fortune n．[C]大笔的钱,巨款;[U]机会,运气 　make one’s fortune发财,发迹 *humour n．[U]幽默感,幽默(adj.humorous) ordinary adj.普通的,平常的 pack n．[C]小盒,小包(BrE packet);(一)包,(一)捆 vt.& vi.收拾(行李);包装;塞满,挤满 　a pack of一盒/包…… 　pack up把……打包;收拾(行李) 　be packed with挤满…… partner n．[C]伙伴,搭档;配偶;合伙人 personality n．[C]&[U]个性,性格(person,personal,personally,personnel) scene n．[C](戏剧等的)一场,(电影的)场景;景色;情景;[常用单数]事发地点 site n．[C]网站;地点,位置 strike (struck,struck) vi.& vt.划(火柴);(时钟等)敲响,报时;碰撞;侵袭 vt.[正式用语]打,击;[不用于进行时](使)突然想到/意识到;给……以某种印象 n．[C]&[U]袭击;罢工;罢课 teenager n．[C]十几岁的孩子(13到19岁之间的孩子),青少年 tend vi.易于做某事,往往会发生某事 vt.& vi.照料,护理 　tend to do sth.易于做某事,往往会做某事 　tend (to) the sick护理病人 unusual adj.不平常的,异常的(反usual) 三级词汇 acquire vt.[正式用语](经过努力)获得,学到;购得,得到 appointed adj.约定的,指定的(v.appoint) *criminal n．[C]罪犯 adj.[常用于名词前]犯罪的;[只用于名词前]刑事的 inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的,启发灵感的(v.inspire) maintain vt.保持,维持;维护,保养;坚持认为(insist) passion n．[C]&[U]激情,强烈的情感 　out of a strong passion for出于对……的强烈热爱 patience n．[U]耐心;毅力(反impatience) 　lose/run out of (one’s) patience (with)　(对……)失去耐心 plain adj.简单的,朴素的;明显的;直率的;平凡的 n．[C]平原 pour vt.倒,注,灌;使(液体)连续流出 vi.涌流;不断涌向/涌现(flood);(雨)倾盆而下 surroundings n．[复数]周围的事物,环境(environment) update n．[C]最新消息,最新情况;(计算机程序的)更新 vt.更新;向……提供最新消息 　post updates发布最新信息 二级词汇 pot n. [C]锅 bitterly adv.痛苦地,愤恨地;极其 click vt.& vi.(使)发出咔嗒声;点击(鼠标) n．[C](对鼠标或键盘等的)点击;咔嗒声 correspond vi.[正式用语]通信;符合,相一致;相当于,类似于(correspondent,corresponding) drag vt.拖,拉 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动 vi.拖沓地进行 　drag one’s feet做事拖拉,迟迟不做 gram n．[C]克 *generosity n．[U]慷慨,大方(adj.generous) illustrate vt.(举例)说明,阐明;给(书或文章)加插图 location n．[C]地点,位置(v.locate) significantly adv.重大地,显著地;有重大意义地(adj.significant) 一级词汇 bathwater n．[U]浴水,洗澡水 *chap n．[C]小伙子,家伙 *chum n．[C]好朋友 *cigar n．[C]雪茄烟 *destiny n．[C][常用单数]命运,天命 diagram n．[C]图解,示意图 *dine vi.[正式用语]进餐 *excerpt n．[C]摘录,节录 *hustle v．拼命干,努力干 *proposition n．[C]事业,生意 postpone vt.使(事件、行动等)推迟,延期(put off/put back) *scar n．[C]伤疤 slice n．[C]片,薄片 vt.把……切成薄片 　a slice of一部分;一片 　slice off切下 *staunch adj.坚定的,忠实可靠的 unfold vt.& vi.(卷着的东西)展开,打开(反fold) wi-fi n．[U]无线网络;无线上网 ◆重点短语 1．lose track of 不了解……的情况,不了解……的动态 2．thanks to归功于……,多亏…… 3．stay in touch with 与……保持联系 4．be up to 从事,忙于;胜任 5．keep in mind记住 6．make one’s fortune 发财 7．work out 弄懂;计算出;制定出;锻炼 8．be worth it 值得 9．turn up (意外地或终于)出现;调高 10．throw the baby out with the bathwater不分良莠一起抛弃 ◆句式表达 1．句式：动词-ing形式作主语和宾语 How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends?如果搬家到一个新的城镇意味着与你的朋友失去联系,你会有什么样的感受呢? 2．句式：What if...? What if the only way of getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered?如果写信是从远方的朋友那里获取消息的唯一途径,且信件要很久才能送达又会怎么样呢? 3．句式：whatever引导让步状语从句; even if引导让步状语从句 Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can connect us with others who also enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world.无论我们的爱好是什么,互联网总能把我们与那些喜爱做同样事情的人联系起来,即使那些人生活在世界的另一端。 4．句式：what引导主语从句 But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole truth about a person.但我们需要记住,我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真相。 5．句式：couldn’t have done You couldn’t have dragged Jimmy out of New York; he thought it was the only place on earth.你不可能硬拉吉米离开纽约,他认为纽约是地球上唯一的地方。 6．句式：have＋宾语＋宾语补足语(done) We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.我们认为二十年后,我们俩应该有各自的命运,也应该各自都发了财,不管它们将会是什么。 第一组　核心单词 板块二　默写练习 1． live together 永远生活在一起 2． a tune 一支熟悉的小曲 3． the beauty of nature 维持大自然的美 4． worthy 证明是值得的 5． speak with great 发表了热情洋溢的讲话 6． personal 个人品质 forever familiar maintain prove passion qualities 7． the meeting until next week 把会议推迟到下周 8． people 普通人 9． a trading 贸易伙伴 10． food 清淡的食物 11． the of a traffic accident 车祸现场 12． create a romantic 创造一种浪漫的气氛 postpone ordinary partner plain scene atmosphere 1． adventure n．历险(经历),奇遇→ adj.有冒险 精神的,大胆开拓的→ n．冒险者,冒险家 2． prefer v．更喜欢→ n．偏爱;偏爱的事物 3． able adj.能够;有才能的→ v．使可能,使发生 → n．能力→ adj.不能的;没有能力的 4． tend v．易于做某事,往往会发生某事→ n．趋 势,倾向 adventurous adventurer preference enable ability unable tendency 第二组　拓展词汇 5． anxious adj.焦虑的,不安的→ adv.焦虑地,不安 地→ n．焦虑,忧虑 6． distant adj.遥远的→ v．使与……保持距离,撇清 和……的关系 n．距离 7． appoint v．安排,确定(时间、地点);任命→ adj. 约定的,指定的→ n．约定,约会;任命 8． locate v．找出……的准确位置,确定……的准确地点 → n．地点,位置→ adj.位于 anxiously anxiety distance appointed appointment location located 9． He’s a good doctor.He always has ⁠ with his ________ and talks with them ．(patient) 10． With the help of the ⁠ technology, we can complete the task in ．(advance) 11． The scientist thinks his invention is of great____________,because it is ⁠ to cure the patients of the deadly disease. (significant) patience patients patiently advanced advance significance significant ■利用语境串记单词 12． When I was ,he would ⁠ me gently,which made me quite ．(comfort) 13． I couldn’t finish the essay for lack of ⁠. When I heard the music,I became ⁠ and I was sure that I would finish it soon.(inspire) 14． The lake is by trees, and the ⁠ countryside is beautiful.It’s really enjoyable to walk in the pleasant ．(surround) uncomfortable comfort comfortable inspiration inspiring inspired surrounded surrounding surroundings 15． It was for them to make a ⁠ by trading with foreigners.And more ⁠ , they were supported by the government.(fortune) fortunate fortune fortunately 1． 不了解……的情况,不了解……的动态 2． 从事,忙于;胜任 3． 发财 4． 应该,应当 5． 值得 lose track of be up to make one’s fortune ought to be worth it 第三组　重点短语 6． When you’re giving feedback,it is important to ⁠ (记住) that no one likes to be told they’re doing a bad job. 7． The famous writer as well as his wife and daughter is said to attend our party,but so far they (还没有露面). 8． Obviously, she is very clever because she can ⁠ (解出这么难的一道题). 9． (多亏了这个机会) provided by Professor Lee,Charlie finally went to China to study. keep in mind haven’t turned up work out such a difficult problem Thanks to the opportunity ■根据语境完成句子 10． By means of the instant message service,we can ⁠ (与我们的朋友保持联系) for everyday communication. stay in touch with our friends 1． “要是这次我再失败怎么办?”这个羞涩的男孩小声地自言自 语。 (心理描写) “ ?” the shy boy murmured to himself.(what if... ?) 2． 不管我们遇到什么困难,妈妈总是积极乐观,并鼓励我们克服 困难。(人物描写) ⁠,Mother always stays positive and encourages us to overcome them.(whatever引导让步状语从句) What if I fail again this time Whatever difficulties we meet 第四组　句式仿写 3． 不幸的是,去年春天他的房屋在一场突如其来的飓风中严重受 损。(场景描写) Unfortunately, he ⁠ in a sudden hurricane last spring.(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语) had his house seriously damaged 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 课时作业 巩固提升 Part 1　研考点　必备知识巧突破 1.prefer v．(preferred;preferred;preferring)更喜欢 → n．偏爱;优先权;偏爱的事物 prefer to do/doing sth.更喜欢做某事 prefer doing sth.to doing sth.＝would rather do sth.than do sth.＝ prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.＝would do sth.rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事 preference ① (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I’m old-fashioned enough (prefer) a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. 　 ②(人教选必四U5)One popular test asks the participants to grade their ⁠ (prefer) for a variety of work tasks. to prefer preferences 翻阅 →Middle school students ⁠ ⁠ outdoor activities at weekends. →Middle school students ⁠ ⁠ outdoor activities at weekends. →Middle school students ⁠ ⁠ outdoor activities at weekends. prefer to stay at home watching TV rather than take part in would stay at home watching TV rather than take part in would rather stay at home watching TV than take part in ③Middle school students prefer ⁠ (stay) at home watching TV to ⁠ (take) part in outdoor activities at weekends. staying taking 2.advance n．进步,进展 adj.预先的,事先的 v．(使)前进,(使)向前 移动;促进;提前→ adj.先进的;高级的 (1)in advance＝ahead of time预先;提前 make advances in...在……方面取得进步 (2)advance on/upon/towards 朝……前进 advanced ②(译林必修一U1)Who knows what beautiful works of art you will create, what medical ⁠ (advance) you will make or what amazing technologies you will develop！ ③如果你能提前告知我你是否有空,我将感激不尽。(邀请信) advances ①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)The Carlow Autumn Walking Festival is a great opportunity for the beginner, experienced or ⁠ (advance) walker to enjoy the challenges of Carlow’s mountain hikes or the peace of its woodland walks. advanced I’d appreciate it if you could let me know_______________________ _______________________________ ． whether you are available or not in advance/ahead of time 3.tend v．易于做某事,往往会发生某事;照看→ ⁠ n．趋向,趋势 (1)tend to do sth.易于/往往会做某事 tend (to) sb./sth.照顾/照看某人/某物 tend to/towards倾向于,趋于 (2)have a tendency to do sth.倾向于做某事;喜欢做某事 tendency ①The aging population is a global ⁠ (tend). Nowadays more and more elderly people tend ⁠ (live)alone. Even if people visit their elderly parents regularly, it is difficult for them to tend ⁠ all the needs of their parents. ②如果你提前了解唐朝的历史,你往往会发现你很容易学会唐 诗。(建议信) tendency to live to Understand the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance, ⁠ ⁠． and you will tend to find it easy to learn Tang poetry 4.anxious adj.焦虑的,不安的;渴望的,急切的→ adv. 焦虑地→ n．担心;焦虑;渴望 (1)be anxious for/about...为……担心/担忧 be anxious (for sb.) to do sth.渴望(某人)做某事 (2)with anxiety 焦虑地 anxiously anxiety ①(译林选必四U4)I was happy and relieved, yet worried and anxious ⁠ the future. What was my first job going to be like? ②She was once very anxious ⁠ (finish) school and get a job. However, after she graduated, she suffered from ⁠ (anxious) as she found great competition. about to finish anxiety ③他正焦急地等待着结果,好像如坐针毡,不停地查看手机以获取 任何更新,并且坐立不安。(动作＋情绪描写) He was waiting for the results ⁠ as if he were sitting on pins and needles, constantly glancing at his phone for any updates and unable to sit still. anxiously/with anxiety 5.distance v．使与……保持距离,撇清和……的关系 n．距离;远 处;冷淡→ adj.远亲的;远处的;久远的;冷淡的 (1)in the distance在远处 at a distance (of) 在……远的地方;距离稍远 within walking distance步行距离内 keep sb.at a distance与某人保持一定距离 (2)be distant from 离……遥远　 distant ①His house stands on a hill and can be seen from a ⁠ of one kilometer; my house is ten kilometers ⁠ from his.(distant) ②(译林选必三U1) (在远处), elephants were eating grass, ears flapping lazily as they moved slowly over the plains. I had never seen anything like this before. ③This field is full of beautiful wild flowers, and the singing of birds can be heard (从远处). ④了解她很难,因为她总是与每个人都保持一定距离。(人 物描写) distance distant In the distance at a distance It is very difficult to get to know her because she always ⁠ ⁠． keeps everyone at a distance 写出下列句中黑体部分的词性和词义 6.strike v．(struck;struck/stricken;striking)划(火柴);(雷电、暴 风雨等)袭击;突然想到,突然意识到;(闪电)击中;撞击;(时钟)敲,报 时;打动;(疾病、灾难等)侵袭;爆发 n．袭击;罢工 (1)sth. strikes sb.某人突然想到…… It strikes sb.that/to do...某人突然想到…… be struck by...被……打动;被……侵袭 strike sb.in/on＋the＋身体部位 打某人的某部位 (2)be on/go on strike 在/举行罢工 ①Thousands of people will gather in the square, waiting for the clock to strike 12 announcing the arrival of the New Year______________⁠ ⁠ v.(钟) 敲;报时 ②I was just about to pay the taxi driver when it struck me that I had left my wallet on the airplane. ⁠ ③(北师大选必三U9)Centuries later, the Great Flu Epidemic of 1918, also called the Spanish Flu, struck near the end of World War Ⅰ. ⁠ v.突然想到 v .侵袭;爆发 ⁠ ④(译林选必一U3)When I saw it up close, I was struck by the small areas of light across the painting, and the way the soft edges of the figures seemed to mix together._______ ⑤当汤姆在街上漫无目的地闲逛时,一颗石子击中了他的背部,这 让他非常生气。(动作描写) 人物 When Tom wandered aimlessly around the streets, ⁠ ⁠,which made him very angry. a stone struck him on the back v.打动 turn down 拒绝;关小;调低 turn in 上交;自首 turn out 结果是,证明是;生产;制造 turn over 翻身;移交;转变;翻阅 turn off 关掉 turn to...向……求助 7.turn up (意外地或终于)出现;调高(音量、热量等); 朝上翻 ①(2024·全国甲卷)Many of us also turn ⁠ food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. ②(2024·全国甲卷)This training taught her to read and write her Chinese upside down—a skill that has turned ⁠ to be quite practical,especially whenever we share the newspaper. ③(译林选必四U1)About twenty minutes later, a tall man in a long overcoat, with collar turned ⁠ to his ears, hurried toward him. ④吉姆和他的弟弟搜查了房间,检查了每一个角落,但是一无所 获。(动作描写) to out up Jim and his brother searched the house,checking every corner, but ⁠． turned up nothing [教材原句]　We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.我们认为二十年后,我们俩应该有各自的命 运,也应该各自都发了财,不管它们将会是什么。 8.have sth.done “使某事被做” (1)have sb.do sth.让某人做某事 (2)have sb./sth.doing sth.使某人/某物一直做某事(多用于肯定句) can’t /won’t have sb.doing sth.不允许某人做某事 (3)have sth.to do 有某事要做(主语自己做) have sth.to be done 有某事要做(不是主语自己做) ①(译林必修三U3)The Internet has also made our lives unbelievably convenient, with all sorts of goods and services provided by electronic commerce, more commonly known as e-commerce . You can have food ⁠ (deliver)to you using food delivery apps and sites. ②My English teacher won’t have me ⁠ (make) the same spelling mistake again and again. delivered making Students who are angry, afraid, or experiencing anxiety ⁠ ⁠ ⁠ , like they are guarding their bodies. ③I am going to see my sister next week. Do you have anything ⁠ ⁠ (take) to your sister? ④(人教选必一U4)愤怒、害怕或者焦虑的学生可能会交叉他们的 双臂抱在胸前,他们的双腿并拢或交叉,就像在保护自己的身体一 样。(动作描写) to be taken may have their arms crossed in front of their chests and their legs closed or crossed Part 2　过基础　核心要点精准练 Ⅰ.语境填空——练熟高频词汇 1． (2024·全国甲卷)However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend ⁠ (produce) stretched and soft meows. 2． (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)As a special education teacher at the school,I was familiar ⁠ the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination. to produce with 3． (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)Because the system is automated, it ⁠ (significant) reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants. 4． (人教选必四U2) ⁠ (locate) to the south of the equator,below many other countries on the globe, it’s often informally referred to as “down under ”． 5． Dennis turned ⁠ at the hospital bearing gifts for the new mother Lindsey and her baby,who appreciated his visit and good will. significantly Located up 6． (译林选必四U2)Now, when speaking to Americans, who have a ⁠ (prefer) for the direct style, I found that I often failed to get straight to the point. 7． On Sundays my brother prefers ⁠ (stay) at home doing his homework to going out to play with other children. 8． Click on the site and post messages on social media, and it will enable you to find the relatives you lost track ⁠． preference staying of 9． (译林选必二U3)Acupuncture has been used to treat more than just physical problems—acupuncturists have discovered that the treatment helps with mental problems like depression and ⁠ (anxious) too. 10． (译林选必四U1)The man in the doorway ⁠ (strike) a match and lit his cigar. The light showed a pale face, with keen eyes, a square jaw and a little white scar near his right eyebrow. anxiety struck Ⅱ.完成句子——活用短语、句式 1． 使他们如释重负的是,在父亲的指导下,他们终于成功地准备 好了早饭。(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语) To their relief,with the guidance of their father,they successfully_____ _______________________．(细节描写) had the breakfast prepared 2． (北师大选必三U7)如果你在一个领域工作了10年后工作消失 了怎么办?(what if...?) ⁠ after working for 10 years in the field? 3． 用英语写日记可以帮助我们在英语写作方面取得快速进步。 (动名词作主语) ⁠ can help us make rapid progress in English writing.(建议信) What if your job disappears Keeping a diary in English 4． 无论你是谁,谢谢你不经意的善举,它不仅帮助了我妈妈,还让 她开心了一整天。(让步状语从句) ⁠ , thank you for the random act of kindness that not only helped my mother out, but made her day too.(主旨升华) 5. 记住,小的善行也能产生重大影响。 ⁠ that a small act of kindness can make a big difference.(倡议信) Whoever/No matter who you are Keep in mind Part 3　提素养　关键能力培优练 培优1　克服阅读障碍——熟词生义/一词多义 1．(2023·全国甲卷)Bo.lan has been making waves in Bangkok’s culinary scene since it opened in 2009. ________ A．场景　　　　B．景色　　　　C．活动领域 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. _____ A．关上　　　 B．驶离 C．使失去兴趣 C C 3．(2023·全国甲卷)It’s a surprise they haven’t managed to grow square ones so that they can pack them easily. _____ A．收拾(行李) B．包装 C．保存,保藏 B A. 递送　　 B．接生　　 C．发表 4．deliver (1)(人教必修三U2)Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies”, having delivered over 50,000 babies in her lifetime. _____ (2)(北师大选必四U10)Once the parcel had been received by this person, he/she would send the parcel onto a contact of theirs until the parcel could be personally delivered to the correct person. _____ B A A. 递送　　 B．接生　　 C．发表 4．deliver (3)(译林选必三U3)The next day, President Roosevelt delivered his famous Pearl Harbor Speech, in which he described December 7 as “a date which will live in infamy ” and asked that the US Congress declare war on Japan. _______ C 培优2　单元话题写作——友情 根据提示,运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇。 Having friends will 1.__________________________ (让我们受益匪浅)and making intimate friends will be very important (用本单元词汇替换黑体词：2.____________________) to the personal development, because friends will congratulate you when you succeed, 3.________________________ (出现在你面前鼓舞你) when you fail, and won’t 4.______________________ (远离你) when you are depressed. If you want friendship to last forever, you 5.________________________________ (应该和你的朋友们保持联系). enable us to benefit a lot of great significance turn up to inspire you keep you at a distance ought to stay in touch with your friends 6.__________________ [无论你做什么(让步状语从句)], you should 7.____________ the needs and safety of your friends ______________ (将……记在心中)and try your best to share the worries and difficulties with your friends. 8._______________________________________ [如果你不小心冒犯了你的朋友怎么办(what if... ?)]? In my opinion, having the courage to admit your mistakes and acquire the understanding of your friends is the best solution. Whatever you do keep　 in mind What if you accidentally offend your friends 培优3　提升续写能力 教材语料 Step 1　语料整合 亮词 [情感描写]　passion, anxious, strike, bitterly, ashamed [人物描写]　familiar, inspiring, generosity, humour, quality, ordinary, scar, staunch, personality [动作描写]　pour, comfort, distance, drag, hustle, lose track of, advance, tend 美句 1.As Aristotle said,no one would choose to live without friends,even if he had all other goods.(主旨升华) 2．He goes up to the man and finds he has a scar on his face.(动作＋外貌描写) 3．Stepping out of jail into the cold wind,Bob,now 58,felt lost and helpless.(情感描写) 4．Doubtfully,Bob unfolded the note.His hands were shaking by the time he had finished reading.(动作描写) 5．“You’re Jimmy’s son?!” Bob shouted in surprise.(情感描写) Step 2　语料运用　【鼓起勇气】 他非常紧张,双腿发抖,汗水顺着脸颊流了下来。他甚至一个字也说不出,这让他很羞愧。 He was very nervous 1.________ _____________________________________________________ (with复合结构). He couldn’t even utter a single word, 2._________________ __________ (非限制性定语从句). with his legs trembling and sweat pouring down his cheeks　 which made him ashamed 他正要放弃,这时他看到了贾森先生安慰的目光。他想起了他鼓舞人心的话语。终于,他鼓起勇气开始了他不寻常的演讲。 He3.____________________________________________________ (be about to do...when...). 4. _____ ________________________________ (无生命名词作主语). Finally, he gathered the courage to begin his unusual speech. was about to give up when he saw Mr.Jasen’s comforting glances His inspiring words came back to his mind 观众被他的勇气打动了,在演讲结束的时候起身为他鼓掌。 5._____________________________________ (被动语态)and they rose to applaud for him when the speech ended. The audience were struck by his courage 语料积累 【情感细节描写：喜悦与快乐(一)】 单词 joy, joyful, joyfully, pleased, pleasant, pleasure, glad, gladly, enjoy, enjoyable, happy, happiness, happily, delight, delighted, cheerful, cheerfully, overjoyed, merry, merrily 词块 to one’s delight/joy/happiness/pleasure令某人高兴的是; be seized by joy 欢欣鼓舞; be wild with joy 欣喜若狂; tears of happiness/joy高兴的泪水; clap one’s hands in delight高兴地拍手 句型 Her smile bloomed like a flower.(比喻) 她的笑容像花朵一样绽放。 He was in high spirits, and felt like being on top of the world.(夸张) 他情绪高涨,感觉自己好像站在了世界之巅。 She laughed, her eyes shining/twinkling with excitement.(独立主格) 她笑了起来,她的眼睛因兴奋而闪闪发光。 The children got down to preparing popcorn happily/cheerfully/ joyfully/merrily. 孩子们开始高兴地准备爆米花。 句型 听到他们的话,伯纳德高兴地几乎跳了起来,热泪盈眶。 ①Hearing what they said, Bernard was so delighted/glad/happy/pleased/cheerful that he almost jumped up and tears filled his eyes.(复合句) ②Hearing what they said, Bernard was so delighted/ glad/happy/pleased/cheerful that he almost jumped up, with tears filling his eyes.(with复合结构) 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分,共20分) A (2025·八省联考)Jim Johnson, a mail carrier, was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven and Westover Hills neighborhoods, just north of downtown Wilmington, where he delivered much more than the mail.He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball.When he wasn’t doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns (草坪) to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise. Though the postal service is often __________now, the trust in local postal service lives on.In many communities, that trust is won every day when life-saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailboxes in front of the houses. disparaged After more than three decades, Jim approached his final days on the job much like any other.He drove a boxy postal truck to North DuPont Road for the first unofficial stop of the day.Butch, a dog who belonged to one of the neighbors, was waiting just like every day before.And just like every day before, he got into the jump seat and they were off.On the route, Jim and Butch had become inseparable.Now, the dog and the mailman would ride off to retirement together.At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own.There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories. It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier.That’s what the postal service means to us. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。邮递员Jim Johnson在工作中热心帮助邻里,与大家建立了深厚感情。在他退休33年后,作者依然记得他,并表达了对他的怀念。 1 2 3 4 1．What do we know about Jim Johnson from the first paragraph?(　　) A．He’s open-minded.　　　 B．He’s sharp-eyed. C．He’s warm-hearted. D．He’s strong-willed. C 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中“He knew all the kids and their pets by name; he carried in the groceries; he took note of unlocked doors, offered gardening advice, and taught more than a few young boys the art of the curveball.When he wasn’t doing all that, Jim was running across a checkerboard of green lawns to ensure the local postal service did not fall short of its daily promise.”可推知,Jim Johnson是一个热心肠的人。故选C项。 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 2．What does the underlined word “disparaged” in paragraph 2 mean?(　　) A．Refused. B．Criticized. C．Investigated. D．Suspended. B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线单词所在句“Though the postal service is often disparaged now, the trust in local postal service lives on.”可知,前后句是转折关系,后半句说对当地邮政服务的信任依然存在,那么前半句应该是说邮政服务现在常被批评,由此表明,邮政服务经常被批评。由此可知,画线词disparaged与“criticized(批评)”意思相近。故选B项。 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 3．What did Jim do besides daily delivery on his final days of work?(　　) A．He drove Butch to its owner. B．He sent presents to his friends. C．He prepared a retirement party. D．He said goodbye to the neighbors. D 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“At every stop, Jim accepted the parting good wishes of families that had become his own.There were tears and laughter, and hugs filled with warm memories.”可知,Jim在工作的最后几天除了每日投递,还向邻居们告别。故选D项。 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?(　　) A．To remember a respected mail carrier. B．To record an unforgettable experience. C．To raise funds for the postal service. D．To call for harmony in the community. A 解析：推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“It’s been 33 years since Jim left the route, but we are still reminded of the deep bond established between community and letter carrier.That’s what the postal service means to us.”可知,文章主要讲述了Jim Johnson这位邮递员在工作中热心帮助邻里,与大家建立了深厚感情,在他退休33年后,作者依然记得他,并表达了对他的怀念。由此可推知,作者写这篇文章的目的是纪念一位受人尊敬的邮递员。故选A项。 1 2 3 4 B (2024·浙江杭州教学质检) Is forgiveness against our human nature? To answer this question,we need to ask a further question：What is the essence of our humanity? For the sake of simplicity,people consider two distinctly different views of humanity.The first view involves dominance and power.In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness,Droll (1984) made the interesting claim that humans’ essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows.Those who forgive are against their basic nature,much to their harm.In his opinion,forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others,who might then take advantage of them. The second view involves the theme of cooperation,mutual respect,and even love as the basis of who we are as humans.Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings,we need both to receive love from and offer love to others.Without love,our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart.Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions.For example,how well has slavery (奴隶制) worked as a mode of social harmony? From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans,forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness,shown through scientific studies,is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony.Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger.At least to an extent, the people from whom you are estranged (不和的) accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to make the required adjustments.Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people. As an important note,when we take a classical Realism philosophical perspective,that of Aristotle,we see the distinction between potentiality and actuality.We are not necessarily born with the capacity to forgive,but instead with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive.The actuality of forgiving,its actual application in conflict situations,develops with practice. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章从人性的角度讲述了两种关于原谅的观点,说明了原谅的好处,并告诉读者原谅是可以通过训练提升的。 5 6 7 8 5．What is Droll’s idea about forgiveness?(　　) A．People should offer mercy to others. B．Aggressive people should learn to forgive. C．Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity. D．People who forgive can have their own welfare affected. D 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“In his opinion,forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others,who might then take advantage of them.”可知,Droll认为原谅别人的人在宽恕他人的时候,也在损害自己的幸福,而被宽恕的人可能会利用他们。故D项正确。 5 6 7 8 6．What does the example in paragraph 2 illustrate?(　　) A．To forgive is to love. B．To dominate is to harm. C．To fight is to grow. D．To give is to receive. B 解析：推理判断题。举例是为了说明例子前面的观点或概念。根据第二段中for example前的“Even common sense strongly suggests that the will to power over others does not make for harmonious interactions.”可知,支配他人的意志并不能促成和谐的互动。由此可以推断,作者举奴隶制的这个例子是为了说明“支配他人就是伤害”。故B项正确。 5 6 7 8 7．What is the writer’s attitude toward forgiveness?(　　) A．Favorable.　　　　　　　 B．Reserved. C．Objective. D．Skeptical. A 5 6 7 8 解析：观点态度题。根据第三段中的“one of the outcomes of forgiveness,shown through scientific studies,is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony.Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger...Forgiveness can heal relationships and reconnect people.”和第四段中的“We are not necessarily...with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive.”可知,作者认为原谅可以减少仇恨,恢复和谐,打破愤怒的循环,愈合关系,将人们再次联系在一起,且人们应该学习原谅并提升原谅的能力。由此可知,作者对原谅持支持的态度,故A项正确。 5 6 7 8 8．What is the message of the last paragraph?(　　) A．Forgiveness is in our nature. B．Forgiveness grows with time. C．It takes practice to forgive. D．Actuality is based on potentiality. C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“We are not necessarily...with the potential to learn about it and to grow in our ability to forgive.The actuality of forgiving...develops with practice.”可知,我们不一定天生就有原谅的能力,但我们有潜力学习原谅并提升我们原谅的能力,原谅是随着练习而发展的。由此可知,本段主要说明原谅是可以通过练习提升的,故C项正确。 5 6 7 8 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分,共12.5分) [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了倾听在改善人际关系中的重要性,并提供了成为更好的倾听者的建议,包括专注、表达理解、积极反馈、不畏惧沉默以及适时请求澄清,以促进对话双方的满意、信任和联系。 (2024·湖南模拟预测)Behavioral scientists have found that good listening is one of the most important things we can do to improve our relationships. 1( ) At its core, listening in a one-on-one conversation is about taking an interest in another person and making him/her feel understood.2( ) But some recurring (重复出现) features include attentiveness, conveying understanding, and showing a positive intention towards the speaker. A．Finally, don’t be afraid of silence. B．So, what can we do to become better listeners? C．It’s possible to know what truly excellent listening looks like. D．But with time and practice, you can internalize these basic behaviors. E．There’s no universally agreed-upon definition of high-quality listening. F．Researchers have found that smiling and nodding at set intervals don’t quite work. G．So try to stay present and if you lose focus, don’t be shy about asking the speaker to repeat what you missed. 解析：上文“Behavioral scientists have found that good listening is one of the most important things we can do to improve our relationships.”说明良好的倾听能够改善人际关系。空处承上启下,引出如何成为更好的倾听者的问题。B项“那么,我们能做些什么来成为更好的听众呢?”符合语境,同时引出下文中所给的建议。故选B。 1．答案：B 解析：下文“But some recurring features include attentiveness, conveying understanding, and showing a positive intention towards the speaker.”说明好的倾听会有一些反复出现的特征。空处和下文形成转折关系,E项中的“no universally agreed-upon definition of high-quality listening”和下文中的“some recurring features”形成对应的概念,说明高质量的倾听并没有一个公认的定义,但是也有一些反复出现的特征。故选E。 2．答案：E In addition to actively attending to a speaker’s words, good listeners also use questions and body language that indicate their understanding and their desire to understand.This might feel awkward at first, and what’s most effective might depend on your relationship with the speaker.3( ) Another great way to show your understanding is by summarizing what you just heard and asking if you have missed anything. Summaries like this show the speaker that you’re truly trying to understand him/her rather than just waiting for your turn to talk. But while a good conversation requires back and forth, planning out your response while the speaker is talking is a common way to miss what’s being said.4( ) This might feel embarrassing, but asking for clarification actually shows that you’re committed to understanding. A．Finally, don’t be afraid of silence. B．So, what can we do to become better listeners? C．It’s possible to know what truly excellent listening looks like. D．But with time and practice, you can internalize these basic behaviors. E．There’s no universally agreed-upon definition of high-quality listening. F．Researchers have found that smiling and nodding at set intervals don’t quite work. G．So try to stay present and if you lose focus, don’t be shy about asking the speaker to repeat what you missed. 解析：上文“In addition to actively attending to a speaker’s words, good listeners also use questions and body language that indicate their understanding and their desire to understand.This might feel awkward at first, and what’s most effective might depend on your relationship with the speaker.”说明可能会在初次尝试一些倾听技巧时感到尴尬,比如使用问题和肢体语言。空处和上文为转折关系,D项中的“internalize these basic behaviors”和上文中的“questions and body language”相呼应,说明虽然一开始的这些行为会让人尴尬,但是随着时间和实践,你可以内化这些基本行为。故选D。 3．答案：D　 解析：上文“But while a good conversation requires back and forth, planning out your response while the speaker is talking is a common way to miss what’s being said.”说明说话者讲话时规划你的回答是错过所说内容的常见方式,空处承上启下,G项中的“repeat what you missed”和上文“a common way to miss what’s being said”相呼应,“don’t be shy about asking the speaker”和下文“asking for clarification”相呼应,说明G项“所以,尽量保持专注,如果你注意力不集中,不要羞于让说话者重复你错过的内容”符合语境。故选G。 4．答案：G　 5( ) It’s okay to ask for a moment to formulate your response and taking a beat to think can help speakers reflect on their speech as well. These might seem like small changes, but together they make a big difference. And when people feel heard, they report more satisfaction, trust, and connection in their relationships. A．Finally, don’t be afraid of silence. B．So, what can we do to become better listeners? C．It’s possible to know what truly excellent listening looks like. D．But with time and practice, you can internalize these basic behaviors. E．There’s no universally agreed-upon definition of high-quality listening. F．Researchers have found that smiling and nodding at set intervals don’t quite work. G．So try to stay present and if you lose focus, don’t be shy about asking the speaker to repeat what you missed. 解析：下文“It’s okay to ask for a moment to formulate your response and taking a beat to think can help speakers reflect on their speech as well.”说明在讨论需要沉默的反思。A项“最后,不要害怕沉默”适合作为段落的开头,引出下文对沉默的积极作用的讨论。故选A。 5．答案：A Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分,共15分) (2024·辽宁省教研联盟一模)Elderly people like to use technology to entertain themselves and keep in touch with friends.They don’t want to rely on anyone.Instead,they just hope to remain 1 (dependent).Plenty of time 2 (spend) in finding out new things or writing down their experiences every day.Many social media sites 3 (develop) for the younger generation are now being enjoyed by the elderly,too.“Our granddaughter helped me set up 4 social media profile,” one explained.“I soon found lots of people to chat 5 and some invited me to join their online puzzle groups.6 keeps my brain 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 active to communicate with people online.” And for elderly people who may be unable to leave their homes without 7 (assist),communication with the outside world is essential to prevent loneliness and to allow them to call for help in many 8 (emergency).In Singapore,the elderly are even turning to robots to keep them in shape 9 (physical).These robots not only lead daily workouts,10 can provide senior citizens with feedback on their performance,as well as sending photos via social media. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了老年人喜欢用科技来娱乐自己和与朋友保持联系。 显示原文 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 解析：考查形容词。空处应填形容词作表语,结合上一句“They don’t want to rely on anyone.”可知,此处指他们想保持独立,应用dependent的否定形式independent “独立的”。故填independent。 1．答案：independent 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 显示原文 解析：考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据every day可知,句子用一般现在时;主语time和动词spend之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态;主语是不可数名词,be动词用is。故填is spent。 2．答案：is spent　 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 解析：考查非谓语动词。动词develop和social media sites之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填developed。 3．答案：developed　 显示原文 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 解析：考查冠词。profile是可数名词,此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且social的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 4．答案：a　 显示原文 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 解析：考查介词。chat with sb. “和某人聊天”为固定搭配。故填with。 5．答案：with　 显示原文 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 解析：考查代词。分析句子可知,空处是形式主语,应用it,动词不定式to communicate with people online是真正的主语,句子的首字母应大写。故填It。 6．答案：It　 显示原文 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 解析：考查词性转换。此处应填名词作介词without的宾语,assistance“帮助”,为不可数名词。故填assistance。 7．答案：assistance　 显示原文 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 解析：考查名词复数。emergency“紧急情况”,为可数名词,由空前的many可知,空处应用其复数形式。故填emergencies。 8．答案：emergencies 显示原文 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 解析：考查词性转换。空处修饰动词短语keep them in shape,应用副词形式。故填physically。 9．答案：physically　 显示原文 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 7 1 2 解析：考查并列连词。句意：这些机器人不仅可以引导老年人进行日常锻炼,还可以为他们的表现提供反馈,并通过社交媒体发送照片。not only...but (also)...“不但……而且……”,是固定短语。故填but。 10．答案：but 显示原文 二次精读——溯原文,积语料,提素养 A篇 核心单词 Para.1：unlocked adj.未上锁的 checkerboard n．国际跳棋棋盘 Para.2：disparage v．轻视,贬低 life-saving adj.救命的 Para.3：jump seat n．(汽车上的)折叠座椅 parting adj.离别的 Para.4：bond n．纽带,关系 派生词汇 Para.1：leafy adj.树木茂密的,绿树成荫的→leaf n．叶;叶片;叶子 Para.3：retirement n．退休→retire v．退休 inseparable adj.形影不离的→separate v．分离→separable adj.可分离的 boxy adj.盒/箱状的;四四方方的→box n．盒子;箱子 熟词生义 Para.1：institution 常用义：n.机构　文章义：n.出名的人 核心短语 Para.1：carry in sth. 把某物带进来 take note of 留意,将……铭记在心 fall short of 未到达,不符合 Para.2：live on 继续存在 ride off to 驶向 Para.4：remind sb. of...使某人想起…… B篇 核心单词 Para.1：dominance n．优势,显著,支配地位 aggressive adj.好斗的,挑衅的 Para.3：integrity n．完整,完好;诚实正直 hatred n．仇恨,憎恨,厌恶 Para.4：perspective n．态度,观点,思考方法 派生词汇 Para.1：essence n．本质,实质,精髓→essential adj.极其重要的,必不可少的 simplicity n．简单(性),容易(性);简朴→simple adj.简单的→simplify v．使简化,使简易 派生词汇 Para.3：restoration n．恢复;修复→restore v．恢复(某种情况或感受);使复原 Para.4：potentiality n．潜力,潜在的可能性 →potential n． (人的)潜力 adj.潜在的,可能的 actuality n．事实,真实情况→actual adj.实际的,真实的 capacity n．容量,容积;领悟(或理解、办事)能力;职责;生产能力→capable adj.有能力,有才能;能力强的 熟词生义 Para.1：compromise 常用义：v.妥协,让步　文章义：v.损害 核心短语 Para.1：for the sake of为了……的缘故 Para.2：fall apart破裂,崩溃 长难句分析 From this second viewpoint of who we are as humans,forgiveness plays a key role in the biological and psychological integrity of both individuals and communities because one of the outcomes of forgiveness,shown through scientific studies,is the decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony.(Para.3) 长难句分析 分析：句中who引导宾语从句,作介词of的宾语;because 引导原因状语从句,从句中shown...studies为过去分词短语作状语。 译文：从第二个观点来看,作为人类,原谅在个人和社区的生物和心理完整性中起着关键作用,因为科学研究表明,原谅的结果之一是仇恨的减少和和谐的恢复。 $$