Unit 6 Section Ⅵ Writing （教用Word）-【金榜题名】2025-2026学年高一英语必修第二册高中同步学案（北师大版）

Section Ⅵ　Writing 概要写作 [文体解读] 概要是一篇较长文章本质思想的简洁重述，它要求用尽量少的语言对原文的主旨进行复述。概要不是简单的。换句话说，更不是评论，而是作者思想中最基本部分的准确再现。 [评分标准] 《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明》中规定概要写作阅卷时按5个档次给分，其中最高档次第五档(21～25分)的评分标准是： 1．理解准确，涵盖全部要点； 2．能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇； 3．完全使用自己的语言； 4．有效使用了语句间的连接成分，使完成的概要结构紧凑。 [写作技巧] 一、题型特点 概要写作的阅读材料词数一般为300左右。写作要求考生在对原文阅读后根据其内容写出一篇约60词的内容概要。概要所用语句既要用词准确，结构合理，语义连贯，不得抄写原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。 二、注意事项 1．词数要限制在60词左右，上下不得超过10个单词。 2．要根据文章的体裁特点进行概要写作。 3．人称和时态要与所给文章中的人称和时态保持一致，但必要时也可变换成第三人称。 4．写作时尽可能地使用复合句，必要时可转换词性，不得完全照搬照抄原文。 [写作方法] 第一步：归纳主旨大意(含段落大意) 概要写作的第一步便是阅读并抓取主题，进而提取主旨大意，即有关该主题的主要内容或作者在该主题上的观点或主张。 阅读语篇时，根据文章不同的文体可采取以下方法： 记叙文 圈出记叙文的六要素(who，when，where，what，how，why)，如果是夹叙夹议文，还要写出故事给读者带来的启示或寓意 说明文 找出文章要说明的对象、观点或建议 议论文 提取议论文的三要素(论点、论据、论证) 第二步：提炼关键词 1．结合主旨大意，细读段落，找出每个段落的主旨句和关键词，区别段落中哪些是main ideas，哪些是supporting ideas，examples 和additional information。通常是在相对重要的句子中提炼关键词。正确的关键词和关键句是概要写作最重要内容和依据。 2．削减事例，尽量减少实事并省略细节。 第三步：合并和改写 1．合并信息首先需要对信息进行分类、整合，找到信息之间的联系，再将联系紧密的信息合并在一起。同一层级的主旨句不宜合并在一起，但如果联系紧，且没有支持的细节信息，可以考虑合并。 2．在核心信息的基础上进行语言表达形式的改写，对原文的语言表达形式尽可能实现大规模的改变(改词、换句型)。 第四步：核查成文 核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词(but，then，later，finally，besides，thus，therefore，yet，however); 核查标点和语法；核查词数。 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Many years ago，when I was fresh out of school，I was driving to my parents' home in Missouri for Christmas.I stopped at a gas station about 50 miles from Oklahoma City.While I was standing in line at the cash register (收款台)，I said hello to an older couple who were also paying for gas. I took off，but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of my car.I stopped and wondered what I should do.A car pulled up behind me.It was the couple.They said they would take me.We chatted and when I got out of the car，the husband gave me his business card.I wrote them a thankyou note.Soon afterward，I received a Christmas present from them.Their note that came with it said that helping me had made their holidays meaningful. Years later，I drove to a meeting in the morning.In the late afternoon I found that I'd left the lights on all day，and the battery was dead.Then I noticed that the Friendly Ford dealership was right next door.I walked over and found two salesmen in the showroom. “Just how friendly is Friendly Ford？” I asked and explained my trouble.They quickly drove a pickup truck to my car and started it.They would accept no payment，so later，I wrote them a note to say thanks.I received a letter back from one of the salesmen.No one had ever written him and say “thank you”， and it meant a lot，he said. “Thank you”—two powerful words.They're easy to say and mean so much. [写作流程] 第一步：归纳主旨大意 主旨大意：本篇为记叙文，作者用自己两次亲身经历说明向别人表示感谢的重要性。 短文结构分析： 第一部分(第一、二段)：作者与一对夫妇偶遇，当车出现故障时得到那对夫妇的帮助，作者表示感谢，那对夫妇说给予帮助让他们的假日过得有意义。 第二部分(第三、四段)：作者的车出现故障，得到修理人员的无偿帮助，作者写信表示感谢，他们回信说这对他们来说很重要。 第三部分(第五段)：说明感谢非常重要。 第二步：提炼关键词 第一部分： 1．A couple offered the author help when black smoke poured from the back of his car. 2．The author wrote a thankyou note to the couple. 3．The couple said that helping the author had made their holidays meaningful. 第二部分： 4．Two salesmen gave the author a hand when there was something wrong with his car.　 5．The author wrote them a note to say thanks. 6．One of the salesmen wrote back，saying it meant a lot. 第三部分： 7．Saying “thank you” was easy but meant so much. 第三步：合并和改写 1．要点1和4 合并：The author told us two of his experiences of being helped by the strangers，who had given him a hand when there was something wrong with his car. 改写：In this passage，the author described two of his experiences where he was helped by the strangers. 2．要点2和5 合并：During the two experiences，the author wrote thankyou notes to the strangers. 改写： During the two experiences，the author expressed his thanks to the strangers. 3．要点3、6和7 合并：Through the two experiences，he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but very meaningful. 改写：Through the two experiences，he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but meant so much. 第四步：核查成文 核查连贯性，优先考虑使用最短连接词；核查标点和语法；核查词数。 In this passage，the author described two of his experiences where he was helped by the strangers.(要点1) And during the two experiences，the author expressed his thanks to the strangers who had given him a hand when there was something wrong with his car.(要点2)Through the two experiences，he realized that saying “thank you” was easy but meant so much.(要点3) 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 We've reached a strange－some would say unusualpoint.While fighting world hunger continues to be the matter of vital importance according to a recent report from the World Health Organization(WHO)，more people now die from being overweight than from being underweight.It's the good life that's more likely to kill us these days. Worse，nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be overweight.What's going on? We really don't have many excuses for our weight problems.The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by publichealth campaigns since 2001 and the message is getting throughup to a point. In the 1970s，Finland，for example，had the highest rate of heart disease in the world and being overweight was its main cause.Not any more.A publichealth campaign has greatly reduced the number of heart disease deaths by 80 percent over the past three decades. Maybe that explains why the percentage of people in Finland taking diet pills doubled between 2001 and 2005，and doctors even offer surgery of removing fat inside and change the shape of the body.No wonder it ranks as the world's most bodyconscious country. We know what we should be doing to lose weight－but actually doing it is another matter.By far the most popular excuse is not taking enough exercise.More than half of us admit we lack willpower. Others blame good food.They say：it's just too inviting and it makes them overeat.Some also blame their parents－their genes.But unfortunately，the parents are wronged because they're normal in shape，or rather slim. It's a similar story around the world，although people are relatively unlikely to have tried to lose weight.Parents are eager to see their kids shape up.Do as I say－not as I do. ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Nowadays，good life becomes the killer of our health and more people now die from being overweight.(要点1) Since 2001 people have gradually become aware of the dangers of being overweight through publichealth campaigns and people dying of heart disease has dropped.(要点2)Regrettably，many people took some negative measures to lose weight though they knew what they should be doing.(要点3)Although there are some excuses，people should act positively to lose weight.(要点4) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$