精品解析：山东省滨州市惠民县2024-2025学年下学期期末学业质量评价监测八年级英语试题

2024—2025学年第二学期期末学业质量评价监测 八年级英语试题 温馨提示： 1.本试卷共7页。满分90分。考试用时90分钟。考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 2.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、填写在试题卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试题卷上。 4.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试题卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不能在答题卡上做标记。不按要求作答的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，计45分） 第一节 阅读理解（共20小题，计40分） 阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A Famous Museums Name The Palace Museum British Museum New York Museum Country China The UK The USA Address Chang’an Street, Beijing New Oxford Street, London Chestnut Street, New York Feature The largest ancient palace buildings with many kinds of collections in China. One of the largest museums with collections of anytime and any area in the world. America’s largest museum in American history. Ticket ¥60 (Spring&amp Summer) ¥40 (Autumn &amp Winter) Free Monday free 1. Where is British Museum? A. In Beijing. B. In London. C. In New York. D. In Shanghai. 2. What do you know about New York Museum above the form? A. America’s largest museum in American buildings. B. The largest ancient palace buildings with many kinds of collections. C. America’s largest museum in American history. D. British’s largest museum in British culture. 3. How much should you pay if you visit the Palace Museum in summer with your parents? A. ¥180. B. ¥120. C. ¥160. D. ¥220. 4. According to the form, if you want to see ancient collections, how many museums at most can you visit? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the information above? A. Each ticket for the Palace Museum costs the same in the whole year. B. You don’t have to pay for tickets if you visit New York Museum on Monday. C. British Museum lies in Chestnut Street, London. D. The ticket of British Museum is expensive. B Do you know Li Shizhen? Have you ever read his work? Now, let me tell you something about him. He was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. He was born in Qichun, Hubei in 1518. Both of Li Shizhen’s father and grandfather were doctors. Li Shizhen’s grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs (药草) and medications and saved people. His father was a doctor who wrote several books. Li Shizhen used to help his father in his medical practice when he was young. Li Shizhen’s father wanted him to enter politics (从政). Li Shizhen studied for the exams and passed the country—level examination, but he was never able to pass the imperial (皇家的) examination. When he was 38, he saved the son of the Prince of Chu and was invited to be an official in that court (宫廷). A few years later, he became an official at the Imperial Medical Institute. Even though he realized his father’s dream, he didn’t want to continue working for the court. One year later he left the court and returned to be a doctor again. Li Shizhen was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica (《本草纲目》). He spent 27 years writing the book. Unluckily, Li Shizhen died before the book officially came out. It is such a successful book. Now it is still one of the most important medical books in China. 6. What was Li Shizhen’s grandfather? A An official. B. A prince. C. A country doctor. D. A writer. 7. What did Li Shizhen’s father want Li Shizhen to do? A. To be a doctor. B. To write a book. C. To be a prince. D. To enter politics. 8. Who did Li Shizhen save at the age of 38? A His grandfather. B. The son of the Prince of Chu. C. An official in that country. D. A famous doctor. 9. According to the passage, what was Li Shizhen famous for? A. Working for the court. B. The book, Compendium of Materia Medica. C. His long traveling. D. Saving a lot of people. 10. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Li Shizhen’s Life. B. Li Shizhen’s Grandfather’s Life. C. Li Shizhen’s Father’s Life. D. Li Shizhen’s Book. C Communication is more than just words. Across the globe, people use body language—gestures, facial expressions, and postures—to express feelings and ideas. However, these silent signals can mean very different things depending on where you are. In many Western countries, a firm handshake is a common greeting that shows confidence. In Japan, people often bow instead. The deeper the bow, the more respect shown. Meanwhile, in India, pressing palms together near the chest (called Namaste) is a traditional sign of welcome. Eye contact also varies widely. While direct eye contact is seen as honest in the United States, in some Asian and African cultures, avoiding eye contact is a sign of respect, especially when speaking to elders. Gestures with hands can be particularly tricky. For example, the “thumbs-up” gesture is positive in Europe but rude in parts of the Middle East. In Greece, waving with an open palm is rude, as it looks like a gesture called the moutza, which is used to insult (侮辱) others. Even nodding and shaking the head don’t always mean “yes” and “no.” In Bulgaria, nodding means “no,” while shaking the head side to side means “yes.” Personal space preferences also differ. In Latin America, people tend (倾向) to stand closer during conversations, while North Americans prefer about an arm’s length of distance. Touching someone’s head in Thailand is considered deeply disrespectful, as the head is viewed as sacred (神圣的). Understanding these differences is important in today’s globalized world. Misreading body language can lead to misunderstandings, but learning these unspoken rules helps build trust and connection. 11. In India, what traditional gesture is used to show welcome? A. A firm handshake. B. Bowing deeply. C. Pressing palms together near the chest. D. Avoiding eye contact. 12. What does the “thumbs-up” gesture mean in parts of the Middle East? A. Approval. B. Happy. C. Impolite. D. Confusion. 13. Which gesture is used to insult others in Greece? A. Nodding. B. Waving with an open palm. C. Bowing deeply. D. Shaking hands firmly. 14. In Thailand, why is touching someone’s head considered disrespectful? A. Because it symbolizes aggression. B. Because the head is viewed as sacred. C. Because it is a way to greet strangers. D. Because it shows lack of confidence. 15. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To compare spoken and unspoken languages. B. To explain how globalization affects communication. C. To highlight cultural differences in body language. D. To criticize misunderstandings between cultures. D China is making efforts to help people manage their weight and lead healthier lives. The government has started a three-year “Weight Management Year” program from 2024 to 2027 to fight against obesity, which can lead to serious health illnesses. Here’s what you should know about the latest instructions. Firstly, it is necessary to check your BMI (Body Mass Index). For adults, a healthy BMI is from 18.5 to 24. If your BMI is between 24 and 28, you are overweight; a BMI of 28 or higher is considered obesity. Moreover, you need to know the size of your waist: men should keep it under 90 cm, and women under 85 cm. Eating right is important, and exercise matters just as much! When it comes to diet, choose whole grains like brown rice, fresh vegetables, and high-protein foods such as fish, chicken, or beans. Keep away from fried foods and high-sugar snacks, and also reduce your salt and oil intake. To our surprise, the instructions even include some local dishes—like the “stewed fish” from Northeast China or the “noodles with pepper oil” from the Northwest. When it comes to exercise, you are advised to do sports like walking, cycling or dancing for 150—300 minutes each week, plus strength exercises twice a week. If you find yourself sitting for a few hours while studying, make sure to stand up and stretch for 3—5 minutes every hour. In addition to diet and exercise, small daily habits can also help. Teens should get 7 hours of sleep nightly, as poor sleep can increase weight, too. Try eating vegetables first, then meat, and finally rice or bread during meals to control the amount of food. Schools and hospitals are also giving a helping hand. For example, schools across the country are encouraged to provide at least a P. E. class a day. Hospitals have set up special “weight management clinics”, where doctors provide personalized diet and exercise plans. By 2030, China hopes to slow down the growth of obesity through education and support. Remember, losing weight isn’t about going for perfection—only start with small changes, like drinking water instead of other drinks or taking the stairs instead of the elevator. With these small steps, everyone can build a healthier future (The word “obesity” means a condition of being too fat.) (The word “waist” means the middle part of the human body.) 16. If a man’s BMI is 30, what do you know about him? A. He is in good health B. He needs to lose some weight C. He has a perfect body shape D. He must go to hospital 17. What can we infer from the text about the relationship between sleep and weight? A. Longer sleep always leads to weight loss. B. Sleep has nothing to do with weight. C. Adults need less sleep than teens to control their weight. D. Enough sleep helps teens keep a healthy weight. 18. How long will the weight management program last? A. 3 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8 19. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1②=Paragraph 2,…) A. B. C. D. 20. What is the best title for this passage? A. The Importance of Eating Right B. Disadvantages of Obesity C. Chinese Healthy Lifestyle D. China’s Weight Management Instructions 第二节 短文还原（共5小题，计5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Lesser Fullness is the eighth solar term (节气) of a year. ____21____ It marks the second solar term of summer. People explain Lesser Fullness differently in southern and northern China. In the north, they think it’s when the seeds (种子) in the ground start to grow but aren’t ready to be picked yet. While it gradually becomes hotter and wetter, the wheat (小麦) and rice grow bigger. ____22____ There is a saying goes, “When it rains a lot, the river gets full.” During this time, it gets really wet and rainy. ____23____ So in some villages in northern China, people will pour a bottle of water on farm lands, wishing for a lot of rain that farming needs. In southern China, people celebrate the birthday of the Goddess of Silk on Lesser Fullness. It’s said that she was the first person to teach people how to make silk. During this time, the silkworms make cocoons (蚕化作蚕茧). ____24____ They hope the Goddess of Silk will give them lots of silk. During Lesser Fullness, people are encouraged to keep healthy by eating more vitamins (维生素). Chinese people collect sowthistle (苦菜) from the wild. ____25____ People always cook them in different ways like frying or making salads. Besides, it is also a good time to eat fish as the rising water level results in rich food across China. A. Rain is important for farming. B. It’s also known as “Xiaoman” in Chinese. C. Seeds should be picked during Lesser Fullness. D. People try to keep healthy during Lesser Fullness. E. People collect these cocoons to make silk. F. But in the south, Lesser Fullness means lots of rain. G. They taste bad but can help the body cool down in hot weather. 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，计20分） 第一节 完型填空（共10小题，计10分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案。 How Does a Person Become Great One day, a little boy asked his father, “What does the word ‘Great’ mean?” The boy said, “I have read many times that this person is great, he did this and that. Please ____26____ to me who these great people are and how they become great.” Father said, “Okay.” Father thought of an idea to teach his son about being great. Father asked his son to bring two ____27____ and then told him to plant one of them inside the house and the other outside the house, the boy did as his father said. Now, father called his son and asked, “ Which one of these two plants do you think will be ____28____ and safer?” Boy replied, “Papa, the plant which is inside our house will be safe, therefore it will grow big while the plant outside house is not safe at all, it will have to withstand (禁得起) many seasons and no one will be there to ____29____ it. It can be eaten by animals ____30____.” Father smiled and said, “We will know this at the right time and at that same time I ____31____ you the answer to your question.” Boy left for higher studies and after four years he came back to his house. When he saw the plant which he had planted there before ____32____ he said to his father, “See, I told you that nothing would happen to this plant and it would be safe and grow big.” Father smiled and said, “You should go outside and see the other plant.” When boy went outside, he saw a big tree. Boy couldn’t ____33____ his eyes. He couldn’t understand how the plant outside was able to grow much bigger than the plant inside house. Then father explained to his son that the plant outside was able to grow bigger because it faced every season and many difficulties. Because the plant inside was safe, it didn’t face any weather, nor did it ____34____ proper sunlight, therefore it didn’t become big. The boy realized the answer: To become a great person, one failed many times, had to face many ____35____ and overcome them with their willpower and determination (决心). Only after that, they were able to become great. 26. A. praise B. promise C. explain D. encourage 27. A. flowers B. plants C. objects D. tools 28. A. bigger B. smaller C. shorter D. longer 29. A. take after B. take in C. take care of D. take care 30. A. naturally B. carefully C. proudly D. easily 31. A. will give B. will realize C. will expect D. will find 32. A. returning B. leaving C. saying D. realizing 33. A. believe B. reach C. open D. cover 34. A. offer B. avoid C. get D. serve 35. A. expectations B. competitions C. complaints D. difficulties 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，计10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的适当形式。 The idea of “gap days” has appeared on social media platforms recently. Unlike a gap year, a gap day means a really short period of relaxation and ____36____ (run) away from everyday busy work. Apart from gap days, so far, other similar ____37____ (express) have made a hit on the Internet, like “city walk”, “dazi (activity partner)” and so on. Some people think that these kinds of new phrases ____38____ (be) what people need. “For example, people used to use ‘taking a walk’, but now ‘city walk’ is the positive expression of it.” said Zhou Yaokai, “It’s the same with ‘gap day’. Instead ____39____ ‘lying flat’, people are actively trying to balance ____40____ (they) stress and life, which is a good way.” Others disagree, however, and think that it’s simply just a kind of “sugaring up” (粉饰), meeting one’s need for showing off. For example, “city walk” is the same as “taking a walk”. But people feel ____41____ (good) by calling it a “city walk”. Wu Ruilin is afraid that such new phrases ____42____ (cover) the risks behind it, such as safety problem. “For example, some young people are searching for ‘dazi’, which is ____43____ (normal) enjoyed alone or with close friends, like traveling and games. ____44____ most ‘dazi’ are just strangers, that may bring problems.” said Wu. But no matter what we think of these phrases, they have already taken root in our daily lives. So we need _____45_____ (keep) a level head and not make them out to be bigger than they actually are. 第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，计25分) 第一节 阅读表达 (共5小题，计5分) 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 Most of us spend all day at school or work. After a long and busy day, all we want to do is to return to a comfortable home. Smart technology can turn any home into a nicer place to live in. Smart homes have been around for some time. A company called Picosystem Electronics invented a type of technology called X10 in 1975. As the earliest smart home technology, it allows household devices (家用设备), such as lights and alarms, to communicate with each other by using radio waves. Of course, 5G network connectivity (网络连接) has made smart homes much more complicated (复杂的) than X10. Perhaps the most popular smart home technology is the voice-activated assistant (语音助手). Users are allowed to communicate with almost any device in their homes simply by saying a few words. This is especially convenient for children and people with disabilities, as the devices can help them finish tasks that would normally be too difficult. Common household devices can become “smart” as well. For example, smart fridges can create dinner recipes with the vegetables that are being kept inside. Smart homes are convenient and they can make people live better. They are also good for the environment. By regularly checking your energy use, turning off lights and other devices that you’re not using, smart homes can lower much electricity you use. Using less energy means that we use fewer natural resources, which is good for the environment. But there are still many people who don’t like them. They think smart homes cost much money and sometimes they are not safe. 46. When did the company invent X10? _______________________________________________ 47. How does X10 allow household devices to communicate with each other? _______________________________________________ 48. What is the most popular smart home technology? _______________________________________________ 49. What can a smart fridge do according to the text? _______________________________________________ 50. Do you like smart homes? Why or why not? _______________________________________________ 第二节 写作（共1小题，计20分） 51. 暑假马上来临，学校针对学生暑期社会实践推出了很多志愿活动。请在下表中选择2—3项你喜欢的活动 (也可自拟活动项目)，用英语写一篇短文表明你的选择意向及理由，发表在学校微信公众平台的英语栏目中。 Practical Activities □learn to do housework □help the kids read books □clean up the city park □visit the old people’s home □visit sick kids in hospital □… 要求： (1)短文中必须包括所选择的活动项目，可适当发挥； (2)文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息； (3)词数：80~100词。短文首句仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。 During this coming summer vacation, I am going to take part in these activities. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024—2025学年第二学期期末学业质量评价监测 八年级英语试题 温馨提示： 1.本试卷共7页。满分90分。考试用时90分钟。考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 2.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、填写在试题卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试题卷上。 4.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试题卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不能在答题卡上做标记。不按要求作答的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读（共两节，计45分） 第一节 阅读理解（共20小题，计40分） 阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。 A Famous Museums Name The Palace Museum British Museum New York Museum Country China The UK The USA Address Chang’an Street, Beijing New Oxford Street, London Chestnut Street, New York Feature The largest ancient palace buildings with many kinds of collections in China. One of the largest museums with collections of anytime and any area in the world. America’s largest museum in American history. Ticket ¥60 (Spring&amp Summer) ¥40 (Autumn &amp Winter) Free Monday free 1. Where is British Museum? A. In Beijing. B. In London. C. In New York. D. In Shanghai. 2. What do you know about New York Museum above the form? A. America’s largest museum in American buildings. B. The largest ancient palace buildings with many kinds of collections. C. America’s largest museum in American history. D. British’s largest museum in British culture. 3. How much should you pay if you visit the Palace Museum in summer with your parents? A. ¥180. B. ¥120. C. ¥160. D. ¥220. 4. According to the form, if you want to see ancient collections, how many museums at most can you visit? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the information above? A. Each ticket for the Palace Museum costs the same in the whole year. B. You don’t have to pay for tickets if you visit New York Museum on Monday. C. British Museum lies in Chestnut Street, London. D. The ticket of British Museum is expensive. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了三个著名博物馆的信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“British Museum”部分“New Oxford Street, London”可知，大英博物馆位于伦敦。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“New York Museum”部分“America’s largest museum in American history.”可知，纽约博物馆是美国历史上最大的博物馆。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Palace Museum”部分“¥60 (Spring& Summer) ¥40 (Autumn & Winter)”可知，夏季门票是60元，因此三人门票共180元。故选A。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The largest ancient palace buildings with many kinds of collections in China.”和“One of the largest museums with collections of anytime and any area in the world.”可知，有两个博物馆能看到中国古代收藏品。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据“New York Museum”部分“Monday free”可知，纽约博物馆周一免费。故选B。 B Do you know Li Shizhen? Have you ever read his work? Now let me tell you something about him. He was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. He was born in Qichun, Hubei in 1518. Both of Li Shizhen’s father and grandfather were doctors. Li Shizhen’s grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs (药草) and medications and saved people. His father was a doctor who wrote several books. Li Shizhen used to help his father in his medical practice when he was young. Li Shizhen’s father wanted him to enter politics (从政). Li Shizhen studied for the exams and passed the country—level examination, but he was never able to pass the imperial (皇家的) examination. When he was 38, he saved the son of the Prince of Chu and was invited to be an official in that court (宫廷). A few years later, he became an official at the Imperial Medical Institute. Even though he realized his father’s dream, he didn’t want to continue working for the court. One year later, he left the court and returned to be a doctor again. Li Shizhen was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica (《本草纲目》). He spent 27 years writing the book. Unluckily, Li Shizhen died before the book officially came out. It is such a successful book. Now it is still one of the most important medical books in China. 6. What was Li Shizhen’s grandfather? A. An official. B. A prince. C. A country doctor. D. A writer. 7. What did Li Shizhen’s father want Li Shizhen to do? A To be a doctor. B. To write a book. C. To be a prince. D. To enter politics. 8. Who did Li Shizhen save at the age of 38? A. His grandfather. B. The son of the Prince of Chu. C. An official in that country. D. A famous doctor. 9. According to the passage, what was Li Shizhen famous for? A. Working for the court. B. The book, Compendium of Materia Medica. C. His long traveling. D. Saving a lot of people. 10. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Li Shizhen’s Life. B. Li Shizhen’s Grandfather’s Life. C. Li Shizhen’s Father’s Life. D. Li Shizhen’s Book. 【答案】6. C 7. D 8. B 9. B 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国历史上著名医学家李时珍的生平，包括他的家庭背景、早年经历、仕途及成就，重点提及了他花费27年撰写的《本草纲目》。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Li Shizhen’s grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs and medications and saved people.”可知，李时珍的祖父是一名乡村医生。故选C。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Li Shizhen’s father wanted him to enter politics.”可知，李时珍的父亲希望他从政。故选D。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据“When he was 38, he saved the son of the Prince of Chu”可知，李时珍38岁时救了楚王的儿子。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Li Shizhen was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica.”可知，李时珍因《本草纲目》一书而闻名。故选B。 【10题详解】 最佳标题题。文章围绕李时珍的一生展开，介绍了他的家庭、经历和成就，因此最佳标题是“李时珍的一生”。故选A。 C Communication is more than just words. Across the globe, people use body language—gestures, facial expressions, and postures—to express feelings and ideas. However, these silent signals can mean very different things depending on where you are. In many Western countries, a firm handshake is a common greeting that shows confidence. In Japan, people often bow instead. The deeper the bow, the more respect shown. Meanwhile, in India, pressing palms together near the chest (called Namaste) is a traditional sign of welcome. Eye contact also varies widely. While direct eye contact is seen as honest in the United States, in some Asian and African cultures, avoiding eye contact is a sign of respect, especially when speaking to elders. Gestures with hands can be particularly tricky. For example, the “thumbs-up” gesture is positive in Europe but rude in parts of the Middle East. In Greece, waving with an open palm is rude, as it looks like a gesture called the moutza, which is used to insult (侮辱) others. Even nodding and shaking the head don’t always mean “yes” and “no.” In Bulgaria, nodding means “no,” while shaking the head side to side means “yes.” Personal space preferences also differ. In Latin America, people tend (倾向) to stand closer during conversations, while North Americans prefer about an arm’s length of distance. Touching someone’s head in Thailand is considered deeply disrespectful, as the head is viewed as sacred (神圣的). Understanding these differences is important in today’s globalized world. Misreading body language can lead to misunderstandings, but learning these unspoken rules helps build trust and connection. 11. In India what traditional gesture is used to show welcome? A. A firm handshake. B. Bowing deeply. C. Pressing palms together near the chest. D. Avoiding eye contact. 12. What does the “thumbs-up” gesture mean in parts of the Middle East? A. Approval. B. Happy. C. Impolite. D. Confusion. 13. Which gesture is used to insult others in Greece? A. Nodding. B. Waving with an open palm. C. Bowing deeply. D. Shaking hands firmly. 14. In Thailand, why is touching someone’s head considered disrespectful? A. Because it symbolizes aggression. B. Because the head is viewed as sacred. C. Because it is a way to greet strangers. D. Because it shows lack of confidence. 15. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To compare spoken and unspoken languages. B. To explain how globalization affects communication. C. To highlight cultural differences in body language. D. To criticize misunderstandings between cultures. 【答案】11. C 12. C 13. B 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了不同文化中肢体语言的差异，强调了理解这些差异在全球化的今天具有重要意义。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“in India, pressing palms together near the chest (called Namaste) is a traditional sign of welcome.”可知，印度人用双手合十靠近胸前的“合十礼”表示欢迎。故选C。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“the ‘thumbs-up’ gesture is positive in Europe but rude in parts of the Middle East.”可知，在中东部分地区，“竖大拇指”是粗鲁的。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In Greece, waving with an open palm is rude, as it looks like a gesture called the moutza, which is used to insult others.”可知，在希腊，张开手掌挥手是一种侮辱性手势。故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Touching someone’s head in Thailand is considered deeply disrespectful, as the head is viewed as sacred.”可知，泰国人认为头部是神圣的，触碰头部极不礼貌。故选B。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。全文通过对比不同文化中的肢体语言（如握手、鞠躬、眼神接触等），强调文化差异的重要性，与C选项一致。故选C。 D China is making efforts to help people manage their weight and lead healthier lives. The government has started a three-year “Weight Management Year” program from 2024 to 2027 to fight against obesity, which can lead to serious health illnesses. Here’s what you should know about the latest instructions. Firstly, it is necessary to check your BMI (Body Mass Index). For adults, a healthy BMI is from 18.5 to 24. If your BMI is between 24 and 28, you are overweight; a BMI of 28 or higher is considered obesity. Moreover, you need to know the size of your waist: men should keep it under 90 cm, and women under 85 cm. Eating right is important, and exercise matters just as much! When it comes to diet, choose whole grains like brown rice, fresh vegetables, and high-protein foods such as fish, chicken, or beans. Keep away from fried foods and high-sugar snacks, and also reduce your salt and oil intake. To our surprise, the instructions even include some local dishes—like the “stewed fish” from Northeast China or the “noodles with pepper oil” from the Northwest. When it comes to exercise, you are advised to do sports like walking, cycling or dancing for 150—300 minutes each week, plus strength exercises twice a week. If you find yourself sitting for a few hours while studying, make sure to stand up and stretch for 3—5 minutes every hour. In addition to diet and exercise, small daily habits can also help. Teens should get 7 hours of sleep nightly, as poor sleep can increase weight, too. Try eating vegetables first, then meat, and finally rice or bread during meals to control the amount of food. Schools and hospitals are also giving a helping hand. For example, schools across the country are encouraged to provide at least a P. E. class a day. Hospitals have set up special “weight management clinics”, where doctors provide personalized diet and exercise plans. By 2030, China hopes to slow down the growth of obesity through education and support. Remember, losing weight isn’t about going for perfection—only start with small changes, like drinking water instead of other drinks or taking the stairs instead of the elevator. With these small steps, everyone can build a healthier future (The word “obesity” means a condition of being too fat.) (The word “waist” means the middle part of the human body.) 16. If a man’s BMI is 30, what do you know about him? A. He is in good health B. He needs to lose some weight C. He has a perfect body shape D. He must go to hospital 17. What can we infer from the text about the relationship between sleep and weight? A. Longer sleep always leads to weight loss. B. Sleep has nothing to do with weight. C. Adults need less sleep than teens to control their weight. D. Enough sleep helps teens keep a healthy weight. 18. How long will the weight management program last? A. 3 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8 19. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1②=Paragraph 2,…) A. B. C. D. 20. What is the best title for this passage? A. The Importance of Eating Right B. Disadvantages of Obesity C. Chinese Healthy Lifestyle D. China’s Weight Management Instructions 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国政府为应对肥胖问题推出的“体重管理年”计划及相关健康建议。 【16题详解】 推理判断题。根据“For adults, a healthy BMI is from 18.5 to 24. If your BMI is between 24 and 28, you are overweight; a BMI of 28 or higher is considered as obesity.”可知，BMI为30属于肥胖，因此这个人需要减肥。故选B。 【17题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Teens should get 7 hours of sleep nightly, as poor sleep can increase weight, too.”可知，青少年应每晚睡眠7小时，因为睡眠不足也会导致体重增加。可推知，充足的睡眠可以帮助青少年保持健康的体重。故选D。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The government has started a three-year “Weight Management Year” program from 2024 to 2027 to fight against obesity, which can lead to serious health illnesses.”可知，该项目是从2024年开始，2027年结束，为期3年。故填A。 【19题详解】 篇章结构题。文章共7段，第1段为背景介绍，引出政府计划；第2段为BMI和腰围标准；第3段为饮食建议；第4段是运动建议；第5段为健康的生活习惯；第6段是学校与医院的辅助措施；第7段总结。结构应为“总—分—总”，①为总起，②—⑥为分述，⑦为总结。故选C。 【20题详解】 最佳标题题。全文围绕中国政府的体重管理计划展开，具体说明BMI标准、饮食运动建议及社会支持措施。故选D。 第二节 短文还原（共5小题，计5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Lesser Fullness is the eighth solar term (节气) of a year. ____21____ It marks the second solar term of summer. People explain Lesser Fullness differently in southern and northern China. In the north, they think it’s when the seeds (种子) in the ground start to grow but aren’t ready to be picked yet. While it gradually becomes hotter and wetter, the wheat (小麦) and rice grow bigger. ____22____ There is a saying goes, “When it rains a lot, the river gets full.” During this time, it gets really wet and rainy. ____23____ So in some villages in northern China, people will pour a bottle of water on farm lands, wishing for a lot of rain that farming needs. In southern China, people celebrate the birthday of the Goddess of Silk on Lesser Fullness. It’s said that she was the first person to teach people how to make silk. During this time, the silkworms make cocoons (蚕化作蚕茧). ____24____ They hope the Goddess of Silk will give them lots of silk. During Lesser Fullness, people are encouraged to keep healthy by eating more vitamins (维生素). Chinese people collect sowthistle (苦菜) from the wild. ____25____ People always cook them in different ways like frying or making salads. Besides, it is also a good time to eat fish as the rising water level results in rich food across China. A. Rain is important for farming. B. It’s also known as “Xiaoman” in Chinese. C. Seeds should be picked during Lesser Fullness. D. People try to keep healthy during Lesser Fullness. E. People collect these cocoons to make silk. F. But in the south, Lesser Fullness means lots of rain. G. They taste bad but can help the body cool down in hot weather. 【答案】21. B 22. F 23. A 24. E 25. G 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了小满这一节气，包括其在南北地区不同的含义、相关习俗以及小满时节的饮食建议。 【21题详解】 根据前文“Lesser Fullness is the eighth solar term (节气) of a year.”可知，这里是在介绍小满节气的概况，后面应补充其在中国的别称，选项B“它在中文中也被称为‘小满’”符合语境，故选B。 【22题详解】 根据前文“In the north, they think it’s when the seeds (种子) in the ground start to grow but aren’t ready to be picked yet.”以及后文“There is a saying goes, ‘When it rains a lot, the river gets full.’”可知，前文讲了北方对小满的理解，后文提到雨水，所以此处应引出南方对小满意味着多雨的理解，选项F“但在南方，小满意味着大量降雨”符合语境，故选F。 【23题详解】 根据后文“So in some villages in northern China, people will pour a bottle of water on farm lands, wishing for a lot of rain that farming needs.”可知，人们往农田里倒水祈求降雨，说明雨水对农业很重要，选项A“雨水对农业很重要”符合语境，故选A。 【24题详解】 根据前文“During this time, the silkworms make cocoons (蚕化作蚕茧).”以及后文“They hope the Goddess of Silk will give them lots of silk.”可知，此处应说明人们会收集蚕茧来制作丝绸，选项E“人们收集这些蚕茧来制作丝绸”符合语境，故选E。 【25题详解】 根据前文“Chinese people collect sowthistle (苦菜) from the wild.”以及后文“People always cook them in different ways like frying or making salads.”可知，此处应描述苦菜的特点，选项G“它们味道不好，但能帮助身体在炎热天气中降温”符合语境，故选G。 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，计20分） 第一节 完型填空（共10小题，计10分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出一个能填入文中相应空白处的最佳答案。 How Does a Person Become Great One day, a little boy asked his father, “What does the word ‘Great’ mean?” The boy said, “I have read many times that this person is great, he did this and that. Please ____26____ to me who these great people are and how they become great.” Father said, “Okay.” Father thought of an idea to teach his son about being great. Father asked his son to bring two ____27____ and then told him to plant one of them inside the house and the other outside the house, the boy did as his father said. Now, father called his son and asked, “ Which one of these two plants do you think will be ____28____ and safer?” Boy replied, “Papa, the plant which is inside our house will be safe, therefore it will grow big while the plant outside house is not safe at all, it will have to withstand (禁得起) many seasons and no one will be there to ____29____ it. It can be eaten by animals ____30____.” Father smiled and said, “We will know this at the right time and at that same time I ____31____ you the answer to your question.” Boy left for higher studies and after four years he came back to his house. When he saw the plant which he had planted there before ____32____, he said to his father, “See, I told you that nothing would happen to this plant and it would be safe and grow big.” Father smiled and said, “You should go outside and see the other plant.” When boy went outside, he saw a big tree. Boy couldn’t ____33____ his eyes. He couldn’t understand how the plant outside was able to grow much bigger than the plant inside house. Then father explained to his son that the plant outside was able to grow bigger because it faced every season and many difficulties. Because the plant inside was safe, it didn’t face any weather, nor did it ____34____ proper sunlight, therefore it didn’t become big. The boy realized the answer: To become a great person, one failed many times, had to face many ____35____ and overcome them with their willpower and determination (决心). Only after that, they were able to become great. 26. A. praise B. promise C. explain D. encourage 27. A. flowers B. plants C. objects D. tools 28. A. bigger B. smaller C. shorter D. longer 29. A. take after B. take in C. take care of D. take care 30. A. naturally B. carefully C. proudly D. easily 31. A. will give B. will realize C. will expect D. will find 32. A. returning B. leaving C. saying D. realizing 33. A. believe B. reach C. open D. cover 34. A. offer B. avoid C. get D. serve 35. A. expectations B. competitions C. complaints D. difficulties 【答案】26. C 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文通过父亲让儿子在室内和室外种植两株植物的对比实验，揭示“伟大源于磨砺”的哲理：室外的植物因直面风雨、无人照料却茁壮成长，类比人生——唯有经历失败、克服困难方能成就伟大。 【26题详解】 句意：请给我解释一下这些伟大的人是谁，以及他们是如何变得伟大的。 praise表扬；promise承诺；explain解释；encourage鼓励。根据“Please...to me who these great people are and how they become great.”可知，此处表示小男孩希望父亲“解释”，故选C。 【27题详解】 句意：父亲让儿子带来两株植物，然后告诉他把其中一株种在屋里，另一株种在屋外，男孩照父亲说的做了。 flowers花；plants植物；objects物体；tools工具。根据“Do you think which one of these two plants”可知，此处表示父亲让儿子带“植物”，故选B。 【28题详解】 句意：你认为这两株植物中哪一株会更大、更安全？ bigger更大的；smaller更小的；shorter更矮的；longer更长的。根据“the plant which is inside our house will be safe, therefore it will grow big”可知，父亲询问的是哪株植物会“更大”，“bigger”符合语境，故选A。 【29题详解】 句意：它必须经受许多季节的考验，而且没有人会去照顾它。 take after与……相像；take in吸入；take care of照顾；take care当心。根据“it will have to withstand many seasons and no one will be there to...it.”可知，此处指没人“照顾”屋外的植物，“take care of”后接宾语“it”，符合语境，故选C。 【30题详解】 句意：它很容易被动物吃掉。 naturally自然地；carefully仔细地；proudly骄傲地；easily容易地。根据“It can be eaten by animals...”可知，此处表示植物“容易”被动物吃掉，故选D。 【31题详解】 句意：到时候我们就会知道了，同时我会给你我对你的问题的答案。 will give将给；will realize将意识到；will expect将期待；will find将找到。根据“ I...you the answer for your question.”可知，此处表示父亲会“给出”问题的答案，故选A。 【32题详解】 句意：当他看到他之前离开时种下的那株植物时。 returning返回；leaving离开；saying说；realizing意识到。根据“Boy left for higher studies and after four years he came back to his house.”可知，此处表示那株植物是男孩在“离开”之前种的，故选B。 【33题详解】 句意：当男孩走到外面时，他看到了一棵大树。男孩不敢相信自己的眼睛。 believe相信；reach到达；open打开；cover覆盖。根据“When boy went outside, he saw a big tree. Boy couldn’t...his eyes.”可知，屋外的植物长得比屋里的大很多，男孩对此感到惊讶，因此是“不敢相信”自己的眼睛，故选A。 【34题详解】 句意：因为屋里的植物很安全，它没有经历任何天气变化，也没有得到充足的阳光，所以它没有长得很大。 offer提供；avoid避免；get得到；serve服务。根据“Because the plant inside was safe, it didn’t face any weather, nor did it...proper sunlight, therefore it didn’t become big.”可知，此处表示屋里的植物没有“得到”充足的阳光，故选C。 【35题详解】 句意：要成为一个伟大的人，必须经历许多次失败，面对许多困难，并以意志力和决心克服它们。 expectations期待；competitions比赛；complaints抱怨；difficulties困难。根据“The boy realized the answer: To become a great person, one failed many times, had to face many...and overcome them with their will power and determination.”可知，植物因面对困难而长大，类比人要成为伟大的人，也要面对“困难”，“difficulties”符合语境，故选D。 第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，计10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的适当形式。 The idea of “gap days” has appeared on social media platforms recently. Unlike a gap year, a gap day means a really short period of relaxation and ____36____ (run) away from everyday busy work. Apart from gap days, so far, other similar ____37____ (express) have made a hit on the Internet, like “city walk”, “dazi (activity partner)” and so on. Some people think that these kinds of new phrases ____38____ (be) what people need. “For example people used to use ‘taking a walk’, but now ‘city walk’ is the positive expression of it.” said Zhou Yaokai, “It’s the same with ‘gap day’. Instead ____39____ ‘lying flat’, people are actively trying to balance ____40____ (they) stress and life, which is a good way.” Others disagree, however, and think that it’s simply just a kind of “sugaring up” (粉饰), meeting one’s need for showing off. For example, “city walk” is the same as “taking a walk”. But people feel ____41____ (good) by calling it a “city walk”. Wu Ruilin is afraid that such new phrases ____42____ (cover) the risks behind it, such as safety problem. “For example, some young people are searching for ‘dazi’, which is ____43____ (normal) enjoyed alone or with close friends, like traveling and games. ____44____ most ‘dazi’ are just strangers, that may bring problems.” said Wu. But no matter what we think of these phrases, they have already taken root in our daily lives. So we need _____45_____ (keep) a level head and not make them out to be bigger than they actually are. 【答案】36. running 37. expressions 38. are 39. of 40. their 41. better 42. will cover 43. normally 44. But 45. to keep 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讨论了近期社交媒体上流行的新词汇的积极意义和潜在问题，并呼吁理性看待这些现象。 【36题详解】 句意：与间隔年不同，间隔日意味着非常短暂 的放松和逃离日常繁忙工作的时期。根据“means a really short period of relaxation and”可知，此处应用mean doing sth表示“意味着做某事”。故填running。 【37题详解】 句意：除了间隔日，到目前为止，其他类似的表达方式 如“城市漫步”、“搭子”等在互联网上引起了轰动。根据“other similar”可知，此处应用express的名词expression的复数形式。故填expressions。 【38题详解】 句意：有些人认为这些新短语正是人们所需要的。根据“think that these kinds of new phrases”可知，that引导的宾语从句应用一般现在时，从句主语为these kinds of new phrases，be动词用are。故填are。 【39题详解】 句意：与“躺平”不同，人们正在积极尝试平衡他们的压力和生活，这是一种好方法。instead of“而不是，代替”，此处表示“不同于”。故填of。 【40题详解】 句意：与“躺平”不同，人们正在积极尝试平衡他们的压力和生活，这是一种好方法。stress and life是名词短语，应用they的形容词性物主代词their修饰名词。故填their。 【41题详解】 句意：但人们通过称其为“城市漫步”感觉更好。根据上文“For example, ‘city walk’ is the same as ‘taking a walk’”可知，此处表示语境上的比较，“更好”用good的比较级better。故填better。 【42题详解】 句意：吴瑞林担心这些新短语会掩盖其背后的风险，比如安全问题。根据“Wu Ruilin is afraid that”可知，that引导的宾语从句应用一般现在时，主语为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填cover。 【43题详解】 句意：例如，一些年轻人正在寻找“搭子”，这通常是独自或与亲密朋友一起享受的活动，比如旅行和游戏。enjoyed是动词，此处应用normal的副词normally修饰动词。故填normally。 【44题详解】 句意：但大多数“搭子”只是陌生人，这可能会带来问题。根据上文“For example, some young people are searching for ‘dazi’, which is…enjoyed alone or with close friends, like traveling and games.”和“most ‘dazi’ are just strangers”可知，前后语义上存在转折关系，用but连接，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填But。 【45题详解】 句意：所以我们需要保持冷静的头脑，不要夸大它们的实际意义。need to do sth“需要做某事”。故填to keep。 第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，计25分) 第一节 阅读表达 (共5小题，计5分) 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容回答问题。 Most of us spend all day at school or work. After a long and busy day, all we want to do is to return to a comfortable home. Smart technology can turn any home into a nicer place to live in. Smart homes have been around for some time. A company called Picosystem Electronics invented a type of technology called X10 in 1975. As the earliest smart home technology, it allows household devices (家用设备), such as lights and alarms, to communicate with each other by using radio waves. Of course, 5G network connectivity (网络连接) has made smart homes much more complicated (复杂的) than X10. Perhaps the most popular smart home technology is the voice-activated assistant (语音助手). Users are allowed to communicate with almost any device in their homes simply by saying a few words. This is especially convenient for children and people with disabilities, as the devices can help them finish tasks that would normally be too difficult. Common household devices can become “smart” as well. For example, smart fridges can create dinner recipes with the vegetables that are being kept inside. Smart homes are convenient and they can make people live better. They are also good for the environment. By regularly checking your energy use, turning off lights and other devices that you’re not using, smart homes can lower much electricity you use. Using less energy means that we use fewer natural resources, which is good for the environment. But there are still many people who don’t like them. They think smart homes cost much money and sometimes they are not safe. 46. When did the company invent X10? _______________________________________________ 47. How does X10 allow household devices to communicate with each other? _______________________________________________ 48. What is the most popular smart home technology? _______________________________________________ 49 What can a smart fridge do according to the text? _______________________________________________ 50. Do you like smart homes? Why or why not? _______________________________________________ 【答案】46. In 1975. 47. By using radio waves. 48. The voice-activated assistant. 49. It can create dinner recipes with the vegetables that are kept inside. 50. Yes, I do. Because smart homes are convenient and can make my life better. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了智能家居，智能技术可以将任何家庭变成更好的居住地，对环境也有好处。 【46题详解】 根据“A company called Picosystem Electronics invented a type of technology called X10 in 1975.”可知，X10是在1975年被发明的。故填In 1975. 【47题详解】 根据“As the earliest smart home technology, it allows household devices (家用设备), such as lights and alarms, to communicate with each other by using radio waves.”可知，作为最早的智能家居技术，它允许家用设备，如灯和报警器，通过无线电波相互通信。故填By using radio waves. 【48题详解】 根据“Perhaps the most popular smart home technology is the voice-activated assistant (语音助手).”可知，也许最流行的智能家居技术是声控助手。故填The voice-activated assistant. 【49题详解】 根据“For example, smart fridges can create dinner recipes with the vegetables that are being kept inside.”可知，智能冰箱可以用里面的蔬菜制作晚餐食谱。故填It can create dinner recipes with the vegetables that are kept inside. 【50题详解】 本题为主观题，答案不唯一，合理即可。故填Yes, I do. Because smart homes are convenient and can make my life better. 第二节 写作（共1小题，计20分） 51. 暑假马上来临，学校针对学生暑期社会实践推出了很多志愿活动。请在下表中选择2—3项你喜欢的活动 (也可自拟活动项目)，用英语写一篇短文表明你的选择意向及理由，发表在学校微信公众平台的英语栏目中。 Practical Activities □learn to do housework □help the kids read books □clean up the city park □visit the old people’s home □visit sick kids in hospital □… 要求： (1)短文中必须包括所选择的活动项目，可适当发挥； (2)文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息； (3)词数：80~100词。短文首句仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。 During this coming summer vacation, I am going to take part in these activities. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文 During this coming summer vacation, I am going to take part in these activities. First, I’ll learn to do housework. Doing housework helps me understand my parents’ hard work and become more independent. Second, I plan to clean up the city park. A clean park makes our city more beautiful and comfortable. We can also call on more people to care about the environment. Last, I am going to visit sick kids in hospital. I’ll bring them toys and tell funny stories to cheer them up. I am sure that these activities will make my summer vacation meaningful and help me grow. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，选择2至3项你喜欢的活动进行写作；每个要点下要增加“理由”部分，使表述内容更完整。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图，引出话题； 第二步，具体介绍你喜欢的社会实践活动及理由； 第三步，表达自己的收获。 [亮点词汇] ①become more independent变得更加独立 ②call on号召 ③cheer them up使他们振作 [高分句型] I am sure that these activities will make my summer vacation meaningful and help me grow. (宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$