2025-2026学年高三英语上学期开学考试（天津卷）

绝密★考试结束前 2025-2026学年高三上学期开学考试（天津卷） 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．—There is always so much work to do. I’m going to be driven mad. —________. It’ll be all right. A．No problem B．Go ahead C．Keep cool D．Never mind 【答案】C 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——总是有这么多工作要做。我快要发疯了。——冷静。一切都会好的。No problem没问题；Go ahead前进，先走；Keep cool保持冷静，沉住气；Never mind没关系，不用担心。分析句意可知，是对于有很多工作要做而发疯的一种劝告：要冷静。故选C。 2．— How about the meals during your exchange visit? — Well, it ________ worse. A．couldn't have been B．shouldn't have been C．mustn't have been D．needn't have been 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词+have done的用法。 句意：——你交换访问期间的伙食怎么样？——嗯，太糟糕了。A. couldn’t have been不可能更，表示对过去的否定推测； B. shouldn’t have been本不该，表示过去不该做但做了； C. mustn’t have been不用于否定推测，must的否定推测用can’t/couldn’t； D. needn’t have been本不必…，表示过去不必做但做了。根据句意以及“during your exchange visit”可知，此处表达的是对过去情况的否定推测。故选A。 3．The research they had been devoted to ________ to be of great value. A．was proved B．proving C．proves D．proved 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态。句意：他们一直致力于的研究证明很有价值。主语含有定语从句，此处为谓语动词，陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时。故选D项。 4．—It has been freezing cold recently and I have caught a bad cold. I ______ now. —Sorry to hear that. Take care of yourself! A．ring the bell B．have a frog in my throat C．pull up my socks D．have butterflies in my stomach 【答案】B 【详解】考查习语词义辨析。句意：——最近天气非常寒冷，而且我感冒了。现在喉咙发炎，我有点说不出话来。——很遗憾听到这个消息。多保重！A. ring the bell得……赞许；B. have a frog in my throat喉咙不舒服；C. pull up my socks不要落后；D. have butterflies in my stomach很紧张。根据句意，此处表示“说话人说不出话，喉咙发炎”用have a frog in my throat。故选B。 5．The amusement park, which ________ adults and children alike, ________at present and will be open next year. A．intends for; will be built B．is intended for; will be built C．intends for; is being built D．is intended for; is being built 【答案】D 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：这个为成人和孩子准备的娱乐公园，目前正在建设中，明年将会开放。A. intends for; will be built为……打算，将被修建；B. is intended for; will be built打算为……所用，将被修建；C. intends for; is being built为……打算，正在被修建；D. is intended for; is being built打算为……所用，正在被修建。由“which ________ adults and children alike”可知，定语从句缺少谓语动词，先行词是“The amusement park”，公园是被打算用于成人和孩子的，故用“is intended for”，由“at present ”可知，主句用现在进行时，主语“The amusement park”和build是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态is being built。故选D项。 6．— What makes him so excited these days? — ________ a key university. A．Admitted into B．Admitting C．Having been admitted into D．Being admitted to 【答案】D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：——这些天什么让他如此兴奋？——被一所重点大学录取。分析句子结构可知，答句是省略句，完整形式为“________ a key university makes him so excited these days”，空格处需作主语。由于主语部分需要表达的是一个动作或状态，应使用动名词形式，且逻辑主语him与admit之间是被动关系，故用动名词的被动式。Having been admitted into是现在分词完成被动式，强调动作先于谓语动词的动作发生，通常作状语，而非主语。故选D。 7．The most important thing ________ we should pay attention to in an exam is ________ our teacher mentioned in class. A．which; that B．that; what C．which; which D．that; that 【答案】B 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：在考试中我们应该注意的最重要的事情就是课堂上老师提到的那些话。第一空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是thing，指物，被最高级修饰，关系词替代先行词在从句中作宾语，则关系代词要用that；第二空引导表语从句，引导词在表语从句中充当mentioned的宾语，指物，使用连接代词what。故选B。 8．Due to the huge amount of construction and operational experience________over the past few years, China’s energy producers can grab a larger share of the global clean energy market. A．having accumulated B．being accumulated C．accumulated D．has been accumulated 【答案】C 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于过去几年积累的大量建设和运营经验，中国的能源生产商可以在全球清洁能源市场上获得更大的份额。句中已有谓语动词can grab且无连词，空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语the huge amount of construction and operational experience和accumulate之间为被动关系，且由over the past few years可知，动作已经完成，应用过去分词，表被动和完成。故选C。 9．The detective investigated the case ________, following every lead and clue carefully, determined to uncover the truth behind the mysterious incident. A．profoundly B．thoroughly C．curiously D．superficially 【答案】B 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：侦探彻底调查了这起案件，仔细追踪每一条线索，决心揭开这起神秘事件背后的真相。A. profoundly深刻地；B. thoroughly彻底地；C. curiously好奇地；D. superficially表面地。根据“following every lead and clue carefully”可知，侦探对案件的调查是彻底的，B选项符合句意。故选B。 10．According to Musk, the ultimate ________ of the Starship project is to establish bases on the Moon and Mars and put humans on the "path to being a multi-planet civilization". A．ambition B．objection C．objective D．devotion 【答案】C 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：马斯克表示，星际飞船计划的最终目标是在月球和火星上建立基地，将人类送上“多星球文明之路”。A. ambition抱负；B. objection反对；C. objective目标；D. devotion奉献。根据下文的“to establish bases on the Moon and Mars and put humans on the ‘path to being a multi-planet civilization’”可知，此处说的是“星际飞船计划的最终目标”，应该用名词objective表示。故选C项。 11．*To accurately ______ the success of the program, researchers must assess not only the quantitative outputs but also the qualitative improvements in user satisfaction and system efficiency. A．oppose B．treasure C．negotiate D．evaluate 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了准确评估该计划的成功，研究人员不仅必须评估定量输出，还必须评估用户满意度和系统效率的定性改进。A. oppose反对；B. treasure珍视；C. negotiate协商；D. evaluate评估。由句意和“researchers must assess not only the quantitative outputs but also the qualitative improvements in user satisfaction and system efficiency”可知，这里指评估该计划的成功的可能性。故选D项。 12．The book has succeeded in making philosophy ________ to a wider audience. A．sufficient B．integral C．accessible D．tiresome 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这本书成功地使哲学为更广泛的读者所接受。A. sufficient充足的；B. integral必需的；C. accessible可以理解的，可到达的；D. tiresome烦人的。根据后文“to a wider audience”指这本书为更广泛的读者所接受。故选C。 13．In addition to blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue its defence. A．in harmony with B．in favour of C．in control of D．in contrast to 【答案】B 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了写博客、拍照和撰写有关大堡礁的文章外，他还多次在电视上露面，为捍卫大堡礁辩护。A. in harmony with与……和谐；B. in favour of赞成，支持；C. in control of控制；D. in contrast to与……相反。根据句意可知，此处为介词短语in favour of“赞成，支持”，满足句意要求。故选B项。 14．China's economy will continue to ________ in the third and fourth quarters of the year with existing policy support and forceful infrastructure spending. A．pick up B．turn up C．put up D．bring up 【答案】A 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在现有政策支持和强有力的基础设施支出下，中国经济将在今年第三和第四季度继续回升。A. pick up 回升；好转；B. turn up 出现；调大（音量等）；C. put up 提供；张贴；举起；D. bring up 提出；抚养；呕吐。根据“policy support(政策支持)”和“infrastructure spending(基础设施支出)”可知，此处强调经济“回升”符合语境。故选A项。 15．When a new movement in art contributes to a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for ________ unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. A．whatever B．however C．that D．which 【答案】B 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：当艺术领域的新运动促成某种潮流时最好弄清楚其倡导者的目标是什么因为无论他们的原则现在看起来多么不合理未来这些原则都有可能被视为正常。此处为连词引导的状语从句，且此空修饰形容词unreasonable，构成“however+形容词+主语+谓语”结构引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么”，相当于“no matter how”符合语法和语境。故选B项。 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time. A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been 16 free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started 17 his car to the young people. Wilson has 18 an astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous 19 with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he’s 20 have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students 21 call him “Grandpa”. Tina Stern 22 rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free 23 . “It’s not just a ride; you’re not just sitting there in 24 silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually 25 the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he’ll 26 those things.” Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the 27 asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes 28 to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to 29 them. If they run out of certain daily necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never 30 to buy them a meal. For many students, Wilson’s help is not only appreciated, it’s also entirely 31 for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others have to 32 vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has 33 them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the 34 . “I just love driving and I love these kids, ” Wilson said. “It’s such a(n) 35 to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories.” 16．A．linking B．sending C．offering D．distributing 17．A．donating B．lending C．delivering D．volunteering 18．A．paved B．covered C．measured D．wandered 19．A．arguments B．interviews C．negotiations D．conversations 20．A．met B．driven C．addressed D．greeted 21．A．even B．ever C．once D．already 22．A．earned B．received C．assessed D．demanded 23．A．transportation B．style C．time D．communication 24．A．forced B．awkward C．ridiculous D．suspicious 25．A．selects B．recites C．guesses D．remembers 26．A．act on B．settle on C．check on D．agree on 27．A．club B．league C．college D．programme 28．A．far B．around C．beyond D．forwards 29．A．assist B．watch C．urge D．warn 30．A．expects B．attempts C．manages D．hesitates 31．A．extra B．unusual C．necessary D．adequate 32．A．share B．fuel C．repair D．exchange 33．A．required B．allowed C．reminded D．convinced 34．A．experience B．arrangement C．appreciation D．employment 35．A．effort B．ambition C．privilege D．convenience 【答案】 16．C 17．D 18．B 19．D 20．B 21．A 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．C 27．D 28．C 29．A 30．D 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．A 35．C 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了76岁的Paul Wilson八年来一直免费接送低收入的学生上学的感人事迹。 16．考查动词辨析。A. linking连接；B. sending寄送；C. offering提供；D. distributing分配。根据第一段可知，Paul Wilson确保低收入的学生按时到达学校。由此可以推知，该句应指：Wilson给那些学生提供免费的乘车服务。故C选项正确。 17．考查动词辨析。A. donating捐献，捐赠；B. lending借出；C. delivering发表，投递；D. volunteering自愿。根据上文中的“free rides”可知，Wilson是主动自愿将自己的汽车提供给那些学生的。故D选项正确。 18．考查动词辨析。A. paved铺设，安排；B. covered行走，覆盖；C. measured测量，判断；D. wandered徘徊，漫步。Wilson让那些学生免费搭车，迄今他已经行程64,000英里。表示“行走一段路程”，应用cover。故B选项正确。 19．考查名词辨析。A. arguments争论；B. interviews接见，采访；C. negotiations谈判；D. conversations谈话。Wilson在接送学生们上下学的过程中，和学生之间有愉快幽默的“谈话，交谈”，故D选项正确。 20．考查动词辨析。A. met遇见；B. driven驾车，开车；C. addressed演说；演讲；向……说话；D. greeted问候，迎接。根据上文可知，Wilson每天接送那些学生，这些学生现在已经成为了物理学家，教师，工程师等。该空应该对应上一句中的“he transports to and from school”， drive意为“驾车送（人）”。故B选项正确。 21．考查副词辨析。A. even甚至；B. ever永远，曾经；C. once一次，曾经；D. already已经。这些学生将Wilson当作他们的偶像和朋友，有的甚至称他为“爷爷”。该空表示递进，故A选项正确。 22．考查动词辨析。A. earned赚得；B. received接受；C. assessed评估；D. demanded要求。根据后面的介词from可以推知，Tina Stern从Wilson那儿收到免费的乘车机会。故B选项正确。 23．考查名词辨析。A. transportation运输，运送；B. style风格，类型；C. time时间，次数；D. communication交流。对Tina Stern来说，这些行程不仅仅只是免费的运送而已。故A选项正确。 24．考查形容词辨析。A. forced强迫的；B. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的；C. ridiculous可笑的；D. suspicious可疑的，怀疑的。Tina说：“那不仅仅是坐车而已。你并不只是坐在那儿，陷入令人尴尬的沉默中，也不是戴着耳麦坐在那儿。”坐在车里，彼此不交谈，只是沉默，这当然是令人尴尬的。故B选项正确。 25．考查动词辨析。A. selects选择；B. recites背诵；C. guesses猜测；D. remembers记住，记得。每次坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。故D选项正确。 26．考查动词短语辨析。A. act on对……起作用；B. settle on定居，决定；C. check on检查，核实；D. agree on对……取得一致意见。在坐车的时候，Wilson会问这些学生问题，然后记住答案。下一次这些学生再坐车的时候，Wilson会检查上次提到的这些东西。该句指的是在乘车期间，Wilson会利用这个机会了解考查学生们的学习情况。故C选项正确。 27．考查名词辨析。A. club俱乐部；B. league联盟，社团；C. college大学；D. programme项目，计划。Wilson最初通过一个非盈利组织On Point for College的一个项目作了一名司机。该项目只要求它的成员们接送孩子们上下学。根据上句中的“student-support programme”可知，D选项正确。 28．考查副词辨析。A. far远地；B. around到处；C. beyond更远处，超过；D. forwards向前。结合下文中提到的“If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to ____ them. If they run out of…If a student gets hungry…”可知，Wilson的所作所为超过了该项目的要求。故C选项正确。 29．考查动词辨析。A. assist帮助；B. watch观看；C. urge强烈要求；D. warn警告。如果孩子们在登记方面有问题，Wilson会去帮助他们（解决相关的问题）。故A选项正确。 30．考查动词辨析。A. expects期望；B. attempts试图；C. manages经营，设法；D. hesitates犹豫。从上文举的例子可知，该部分都表达的是Wilson对孩子们的帮助。因此该处应指：当孩子们在上下学的途中饿了的时候，Wilson都会马上给他们去买吃的，从未犹豫过。故D选项正确。 31．考查形容词辨析。A. extra额外的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. necessary必需的；D. adequate充足的，适当的。根据下文中“Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others…For them, riding with Wilson has ____ them to complete their education”可以推知，对于那些乘车有困难的学生来说，乘坐Wilson的车对于他们完成大学教育来说是必需的。故C选项正确。 32．考查动词辨析。A. share分享；B. fuel加燃料；C. repair修理；D. exchange交换。有的学生没法得到可靠的汽车，有的学生必须和他们一周工作六天的家长共用车辆。表示“共用”，需用share。故A选项正确。 33．考查动词辨析。A. required需要；B. allowed允许；C. reminded提醒，使想起；D. convinced说服，使信服。乘坐Wilson的汽车使得他们可以完成大学教育。表示“允许某人做某事，使某人能够做某事”应该用allow sb. to do sth.。故B选项正确。 34．考查名词辨析。A. experience经历，经验；B. arrangement安排；C. appreciation欣赏，感激；D. employment雇用，使用。Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。A选项正确。 35．考查名词辨析。A. effort努力；B. ambition雄心，志向；C. privilege荣幸，特权，优待；D. convenience方便，便利。Wilson认为自己从接送学生们上学的“经历”中受益颇多。在这个过程中，他认识了这些学生，听到他们的故事，他认为这是自己的“荣幸”，故C选项正确。 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Earthquake Safety Guide for Students Earthquakes can strike without warning, making preparation crucial. As students, understanding proper safety measures can protect lives during such emergencies. Here’s a step-by-step guide to staying safe before, during, and after an earthquake. Before an Earthquake Build an Emergency Kit: Include a flashlight, bottled water, non-perishable food, a first-aid kit, a whistle, and spare batteries. Store it in an accessible location. Learn Safe Zones: Identify sturdy furniture (e. g., desks. or structural supports (e. g., load-bearing walls. in classrooms. Avoid windows or heavy objects that may fall. Practice Drills: Participate in school earthquake drills to react quickly. Familiarize yourself with evacuation routes and assembly points. During an Earthquake ## Drop, Cover, and Hold On: ## Drop to your hands and knees to avoid being knocked over. ## Cover your head and neck under a desk or table. If no shelter is nearby, crouch near an interior wall. ## Hold On to your shelter until shaking stops. ## Stay Indoors: Do not run outside during shaking. Falling debris poses a major risk. ## Avoid Hazards: Stay away from shelves, glass, or hanging objects. After an Earthquake Evacuate Safely: Exit the building calmly once shaking stops. Use stairs, not elevators, in case of off power. Check for Injuries: Assist others if safe to do so. Report serious injuries to teachers or emergency responders. Avoid Damaged Areas: Do not re-enter buildings until authorities declare them safe. Stay Informed: Listen to a battery-powered radio for updates from official sources. Remember: Panic worsens emergencies. Staying calm and following protocols greatly improves survival chances. Share this knowledge with peers to build a safer community. Reading Comprehension Questions 36．What items are recommended in an emergency kit? A．A map, snacks, and a camera. B．A flashlight, water, and a first-aid kit. C．A textbook, umbrella, and phone charger. D．A blanket, keys, and a notebook. 37．What should students do FIRST when an earthquake starts? A．Run to the nearest exit. B．Call their parents. C．Drop, cover, and hold on. D．Hide under a tree. 38．Why should students avoid elevators after an earthquake? A．Power outages may trap people. B．Elevators are too slow. C．Elevators are for teachers only. D．Stairs are more comfortable. 39．What should students do if they cannot find shelter during shaking? A．Stand near a window. B．Hold onto a bookshelf. C．Lie flat on the floor. D．Crouch near an interior wall. 40．What is the main purpose of practicing earthquake drills? A．To improve fitness. B．To test teachers’ patience. C．To decorate classrooms. D．To react quickly in real emergencies. 【答案】36．B 37．C 38．A 39．D 40．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学生地震安全指南，详细说明了在地震前、地震中以及地震后应该采取的安全措施。 36．细节理解题。根据文章Before an Earthquake部分中的“Build an Emergency Kit: Include a flashlight, bottled water, non-perishable food, a first-aid kit, a whistle, and spare batteries. Store it in an accessible location.(准备应急包：装入手电筒、瓶装水、非易腐食品、急救包、哨子和备用电池，将其存放在容易取到的地方。)”可知，应急包中应该包含手电筒、瓶装水、急救包等物品。故选B。 37．细节理解题。根据文章During an Earthquake部分中的“Drop, Cover, and Hold On(蹲下、掩护、抓牢)”可知，地震发生时首先应立即蹲下、寻找掩护并抓牢。故选C。 38．细节理解题。根据文章After an Earthquake部分中的“Evacuate Safely: Exit the building calmly once shaking stops. Use stairs, not elevators, in case of off power.(安全撤离：震动停止后冷静撤离建筑物，如遇停电需走楼梯而非电梯。)”可知，避免使用电梯的原因是可能发生停电，导致被困。故选A。 39．细节理解题。根据文章During an Earthquake部分中的“Cover your head and neck under a desk or table. If no shelter is nearby, crouch near an interior wall.(用课桌或餐桌掩护头部和颈部。若附近无遮挡物，可蜷缩在室内墙角。)”可知，地震发生时，如果附近无遮挡物，应蜷缩在室内墙角。故选D。 40．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Earthquakes can strike without warning, making preparation crucial. As students, understanding proper safety measures can protect lives during such emergencies.(地震可能在毫无预警的情况下发生，因此做好准备至关重要。作为学生，了解正确的安全措施可以在紧急情况下保护生命。)”以及“Before an Earthquake”部分中的“Practice Drills: Participate in school earthquake drills to react quickly. Familiarize yourself with evacuation routes and assembly points.(参加演练：参与学校地震演练以快速反应，熟悉疏散路线和集合点。)”可知，演练的目的是在真实紧急情况下快速反应。故选D。 B On the morning of the robotics competition, Jay stared at his trembling hands, haunted by last night’s argument with his teammate Leo. Their six-month project — a solar-powered rover — now sat dormant on the lab table. The fight had erupted when Leo discovered Jay secretly redesigned their code alone, fearing Leo’s part-time job distractions would compromise their work. “You think I’m deadweight?” Leo’s wounded glare, still burned Jay’s memory. Their friendship once thrived on mutual trust. In freshman year, Leo taught Jay calculus under the bleachers when bullies mocked his learning disability. Last winter, Jay spent nights debugging Leo’s programming errors before a critical demo. But senior year’s pressure warped (扭曲) their teamwork into silent competition. The competition’s first round proved disastrous. A glitch (小毛病) caused their rover to spin wildly, drawing judges’ frowns. During the lunch break, Jay found Leo hunched over a notebook, sketching (简述) a circuit (电路) diagram with familiar intensity — the same focus he’ d once used to explain quadratic equations. “I found the bug,” Leo muttered, circling a sensor code. “Your redesign ignored terrain friction variables (地球摩擦变量).” Swallowing pride, Jay whispered, “I should’ve asked for help.” Leo’s pen paused. “And I should’ve told you I was taking night shifts to pay for college apps.” Their eyes met, acknowledging unspoken fears. They worked through the break, combining Jay’s efficiency algorithms with Leo’s mechanical insights. When their rover flawlessly climbed the final obstacle course slope, the applause mattered less than Leo’s fist bump — a gesture revived from their freshman year. That evening, Jay scribbled in his journal “Friendship isn’t a solo sprint (冲刺) but a relay race — sometimes you carry the baton (接力棒), sometimes you pass it.” Psychologists affirm this observation; a 2024 MIT study found teams balancing trust and accountability outperform purely competitive groups by 63%. True friendship, the data suggests, thrives not in perfect harmony but in the courage to bridge vulnerabilities. 41．What caused the conflict between Jay and Leo? A．Academic cheating. B．Code redesign without consultation. C．Competition prize money. D．Personal insults. 42．The phrase “relay race” in last paragraph emphasizes friendship requires ________. A．physical strength B．strict rules C．alternating leadership D．audience approval 43．How did Leo help Jay in freshman year? A．Taught him calculus. B．Gave him job opportunities. C．Built a robot model. D．Organized competitions. 44．What does the rover’s success symbolize? A．Rebuilt trust through cooperation. B．Technological complexity. C．Importance of awards. D．Judges’ bias. 45．Which statement agree with the research finding? A．Individual talent guarantees success. B．Team balance improves performance. C．Friendship hinders professional growth. D．Competition eliminates vulnerability. 【答案】41．B 42．C 43．A 44．A 45．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jay和Leo因代码设计产生冲突后，通过合作修复问题并重建信任的故事。 41．细节理解题。根据第一段中“The fight had erupted when Leo discovered Jay secretly redesigned their code alone, fearing Leo’s part-time job distractions would compromise their work. (当Leo发现Jay独自秘密重新设计了他们的代码，担心Leo的兼职工作会干扰他们的工作时，争吵爆发了。)”可知，Jay和Leo之间冲突的原因是Jay未经商量就重新设计了代码。故选B。 42．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Friendship isn’t a solo sprint (冲刺) but a relay race — sometimes you carry the baton (接力棒), sometimes you pass it. (友谊不是一个人的冲刺，而是一场接力赛——有时你拿着接力棒，有时你传递接力棒。)”可知，最后一段中的relay race强调友谊需要交替领导（即有时你主导，有时你传递主导权）。故选C。 43．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In freshman year, Leo taught Jay calculus under the bleachers when bullies mocked his learning disability. (大一的时候，当恶霸们嘲笑Jay的学习障碍时，Leo在露天看台下教Jay微积分。)”可知，Leo在大一的时候教Jay微积分。故选A。 44．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“They worked through the break, combining Jay’s efficiency algorithms with Leo’s mechanical insights. When their rover flawlessly climbed the final obstacle course slope, the applause mattered less than Leo’s fist bump — a gesture revived from their freshman year. (他们在休息期间一起工作，将Jay的效率算法与Leo的机械见解相结合。当他们的火星车完美地爬上最后一个障碍赛道的斜坡时，掌声比Leo的击拳——一个他们大一就有的动作——要次要得多。)”和第二段“Their friendship once thrived on mutual trust. In freshman year, Leo taught Jay calculus under the bleachers when bullies mocked his learning disability. Last winter, Jay spent nights debugging Leo’s programming errors before a critical demo.  (他们的友谊曾建立在彼此信任的基础上。大一时，当恶霸嘲笑杰伊有学习障碍时，利奥曾在看台底下教他微积分。去年冬天，在一场关键演示前，杰伊也曾熬夜为利奥调试编程错误。)”可知，火星车的成功象征着通过合作重建信任。故选A。 45．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Psychologists affirm this observation; a 2024 MIT study found teams balancing trust and accountability outperform purely competitive groups by 63%. (心理学家证实了这一观察；麻省理工学院2024年的一项研究发现，平衡信任和责任感的团队比纯粹竞争的团队表现高出63%。)”可知，团队平衡可以提高表现这一说法与研究结果一致。故选B。 C Until recently, the “science of the future” was supposed to be electronics and artificial intelligence. Today it seems more and more likely that the next great breakthroughs in technology will be brought through a combination of those two sciences with organic chemistry and genetic engineering. This combination is the science of biotechnology. Organic chemistry enables us to produce marvelous synthetic materials. However, it is still difficult to manufacture anything that has the capacity of wool to conserve heat and also to absorb moisture. Nothing that we have been able to produce so far comes anywhere near the combination of strength, lightness and flexibility that we find in the bodies of ordinary insects. Nevertheless, scientists in the laboratory have already succeeded in “growing” a material that has many of the characteristics of human skin. There is a good chance that our next step will be “biotech hearts and eyes” which can replace diseased organs in human beings. These will not be rejected by the immune system, as is often the case with organs from donors. The application of biotechnology to energy production seems even more auspicious. In 1996 the famous science fiction writer, Arthur C． Clarke, many of whose previous predictions have come true, said that we might soon be able to develop remarkably cheap and renewable sources of energy and some of these power sources would be biological. Clarke and others have warned us repeatedly that sooner or later we will have to give up our dependence on non-renewable power sources. Coal, oil and gas are indeed convenient. However, using them also means creating dangerously high levels of pollution. It will be impossible to meet the growing demand for energy without increasing that pollution to catastrophic levels unless we develop power sources that are both cheaper and cleaner. It is tempting to think that biotechnology or some other “science of the future” can solve our problems. Before we surrender to that temptation we should remember nuclear power. Only a few generations ago it seemed to promise limitless, cheap and safe energy. Today those promises lie buried in a concrete grave in a place called Chernobyl, in Ukraine. Biotechnology is unlikely, however, to break its promises in quite the same or such a dangerous way. 46．According to Paragraph 2, what is the author’s view on natural materials compared to synthetic ones? A．Natural materials are superior in multiple properties. B．Synthetic materials have surpassed natural ones in quality. C．Organic chemistry cannot replicate natural materials’ features. D．Future technology will eliminate the need for natural materials. 47．The examples of “biotech hearts and eyes” in Paragraph 3 are used to demonstrate ________. A．the complete replacement of human organs is imminent B．the practical potential of biotechnology in medicine C．the resolution of immune system rejection issues D．the cost-effectiveness of biological materials 48．Author C． Clarke is most likely to agree that in future societies ________. A．biological power will play a dominant role in the market B．all the predictions that he has made will come true C．the use of fossil fuels like oil, gas and coal will be stopped D．dependence on non-renewable energy must be reduced 49．Which of the following statements best describes an advantage of biotechnology mentioned in the passage? A．It relies entirely on synthetic materials for energy production. B．It provides both economical and eco-friendly solutions. C．It ensures immediate replacement of all diseased human organs. D．It has surpassed nuclear power in safety and efficiency. 50．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Biological power will probably live, up to all its promises. B．Biotechnology is the only way to address our future energy problems. C．Nuclear power is a limitless, cheap and safe kind of energy. D．Biological power is less likely to be as threatening as nuclear power 【答案】46．A 47．B 48．D 49．B 50．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了生物技术作为未来科技突破的潜力及其在医学和能源领域的应用前景。 46．推理判断题。根据第二段中“However, it is still difficult to manufacture anything that has the capacity of wool to conserve heat and also to absorb moisture. Nothing that we have been able to produce so far comes anywhere near the combination of strength, lightness and flexibility that we find in the bodies of ordinary insects. (然而，要制造出既能保暖又能吸湿的羊毛制品仍然很困难。到目前为止，我们所能生产的任何东西都无法与普通昆虫身体所具有的强度、轻盈和灵活性的组合相媲美。)”可知，作者认为天然材料在多种特性上优于合成材料。故选A。 47．推理判断题。根据第三段中“There is a good chance that our next step will be “biotech hearts and eyes” which can replace diseased organs in human beings. These will not be rejected by the immune system, as is often the case with organs from donors. (很有可能我们的下一步将是“生物技术心脏和眼睛”，它们可以取代人类患病的器官。这些器官不会被免疫系统排斥，而来自捐赠者的器官则经常会出现这种情况。)”可知，第三段中“生物技术心脏和眼睛”的例子被用来展示生物技术在医学上的实际潜力。故选B。 48．细节理解题。根据第四段中“Clarke and others have warned us repeatedly that sooner or later we will have to give up our dependence on non-renewable power sources. (Clarke和其他人已经反复警告我们，我们迟早必须放弃对不可再生能源的依赖。)”可知，Clarke很可能同意在未来社会中，对不可再生能源的依赖必须减少。故选D。 49．推理判断题。根据第四段中“The application of biotechnology to energy production seems even more auspicious. In 1996 the famous science fiction writer, Arthur C. Clarke, many of whose previous predictions have come true, said that we might soon be able to develop remarkably cheap and renewable sources of energy and some of these power sources would be biological. Clarke and others have warned us repeatedly that sooner or later we will have to give up our dependence on non-renewable power sources. Coal, oil and gas are indeed convenient. However, using them also means creating dangerously high levels of pollution. It will be impossible to meet the growing demand for energy without increasing that pollution to catastrophic levels unless we develop power sources that are both cheaper and cleaner. (生物技术在能源生产中的应用前景似乎更为广阔。1996年，著名科幻作家Arthur C. Clarke（其先前许多预言已成为现实）曾表示，人类或许很快就能开发出极为廉价的可再生能源，其中部分能源将来源于生物。克拉克及其他学者多次警示，人类迟早需要摆脱对不可再生能源的依赖。煤炭、石油和天然气固然便利，但使用这些能源也意味着制造危害极大的高污染。除非开发出更廉价、更清洁的能源，否则人类将难以在满足日益增长的能源需求的同时，避免污染程度升级至灾难性水平。)”可知，生物技术提供了经济且环保的解决方案，这是文中提到的生物技术的一个优势。故选B。 50．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Only a few generations ago it seemed to promise limitless, cheap and safe energy. Today those promises lie buried in a concrete grave in a place called Chernobyl, in Ukraine. Biotechnology is unlikely, however, to break its promises in quite the same or such a dangerous way. (仅仅几代人之前，它似乎还承诺提供无限、廉价且安全的能源。然而今天，这些承诺被埋葬在乌克兰Chernobyl一个混凝土坟墓里。然而，生物技术不太可能以同样或如此危险的方式违背其承诺。)”可知，生物能源不太可能像核能那样具有威胁性。故选D。 D Most of Florida is a flat peninsula (半岛) with water on three sides and houses built as close to the shoreline as possible. For one thing we are more frequently the target of hurricanes than any other state; for another, our geography makes us more easily to be hurt by rising seas. A news story about climate change in Florida popped up. Historically, scientists believed mangroves (红树林) didn’t live farther north than Cedar Key, in the middle of Florida’s Big Bend. But that’s not the case anymore. Samantha Chapman, a biology professor who’s been studying how Florida’s mangroves have been migrating (迁移), found them up near the St Mary’s River, which forms the border between Florida and Georgia. It seems that they soon be marching through Georgia and becoming a thriving new component of coastal habitats. But a coastal biologist named Blair Witherington took issue on the matter. The mangroves weren’t spreading into a new territory, he pointed out. They were entering areas that had been classified as saltmarsh (盐沼), where the landscape was dominated by cordgrass. Saltmarsh and mangrove create very different habitats that attract a very different set of animals. “When one community replaces the other, this diversity is lost,” Witherington remarked. Changing the animals’ habitat has the potential to influence the whole food chain, making a widespread difference. What was driving this? “Mangroves can survive a short freeze, but not a prolonged, hard freeze. By combing through the weather records kept by the state’s orange juice industry, biologists have been able to document that Florida is having fewer prolonged hard freezes than it used to. Then the mangroves have adapted by expanding their range.” Samantha explained. “They’ve adapted in another way, too. Not only are the mangroves spreading into areas that once were unfriendly to them, but they have also changed their life cycle to speed things up. Normally it takes them about 15 years of growth before they start making seeds. Now, as they get into these marshes, they’re producing seeds when they’ re only a couple of years old,” Samantha said. The problem with having too many mangroves by the sea is that climate change may overwhelm them. A study by the US Geological Survey said sea level rise could wipe out mangroves all along the Florida coast. So, here’s the question we humans have to consider: Nature is finding ways to adapt to how we’ve changed the climate. What are we doing to adapt to it? Or at least slow it down? 51．What can we learn about the state of Florida? A．It could be affected by high tides easily. B．Its geography fuels shipbuilding industry. C．Its houses are built in a high-lying but flat area. D．It is often hit by tornadoes and suffers huge losses. 52．What is the news story about Florida’s mangroves? A．They migrate to warmer regions. B．They are marching into a new habitat. C．They form the border between Florida and Georgia. D．They are introduced into Florida to prevent flooding. 53．Which of the following would Blair Witherington agree with? A．Saltmarsh is fragile and requires urgent protection. B．Florida includes a rich diversity of natural habitats. C．The benefits of the mangroves outweigh their troubles. D．Everything in the ecosystem is connected complicatedly. 54．What are the 4th and 5th paragraphs mainly about? A．What mangroves had to face in their habitats. B．Whether mangroves had influence on other plants. C．How mangroves adapted to the changing environment. D．Why mangroves had a different life cycle in marshes. 55．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Human beings are supposed to worship nature. B．It is urgent to grow more mangroves along coastlines. C．Measures against mangroves’ migration are far from enough. D．What we should do to stop the climate change is still up in the air. 【答案】51．A 52．B 53．D 54．C 55．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在佛罗里达州发生的自然现象。为了适应气候变化，红树林不仅扩散到了曾经对它们不友好的地区，而且还改变了它们的生命周期，以加快发展。这一自然现象有可能会对整个生态系统受到影响，而迁移到海边的太多红树林的将要面对由于气候变化，海平面上升导致的“淹没”。作者不禁思考，自然都在对气候变化做出应对，人类又做了些什么？人类理应敬重自然。 51．推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容“Most of Florida is a flat peninsula with water on three sides and houses built as close to the shoreline as possible. For one thing we are more frequently the target of hurricanes than any other state; for another, our geography makes us more easily to be hurt by rising seas.(佛罗里达州的大部分地区是一个平坦的半岛，三面有水，房屋尽可能靠近海岸线建造。一方面，我们比其他任何国家更经常成为飓风的目标；另一方面，我们的地理位置使我们更容易受到海平面上升的伤害。)”可知，佛罗里达州三面有水，房屋靠近海岸线，容易遭到飓风的袭击，也容易受到海平面上升的伤害。因此可推知，涨潮是会对其产生影响的。故选A项。 52．细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Historically, scientists believed mangroves didn’t live farther north than Cedar Key, in the middle of Florida’s Big Bend. But that’s not the case anymore. Samantha Chapman, a biology professor who’s been studying how Florida’s mangroves have been migrating, found them up near the St Mary’s River, which forms the border between Florida and Georgia. It seems that they soon be marching through Georgia and becoming a thriving new component of coastal habitats.(历史上，科学家们认为红树林并不存在于比佛罗里达大本德中部的锡达基更北的地方。但现在情况已经不同了。生物学教授Samantha Chapman一直在研究佛罗里达州的红树林是如何迁移的，她在圣玛丽河附近发现了它们，这条河是佛罗里达州和佐治亚州的分界线看来它们很快就会穿过乔治亚州，成为沿海栖息地的一个欣欣向荣的新组成部分。)”可知，红树林迁徙到了佛罗里达州和乔治亚州边界，到达了比佛罗里达大本德中部的锡达基更北的地方，且有可能很快穿过乔治亚州，这与历史上的记载不同，由此可知，红树林正向新的栖息地迁移。故选B项。 53．推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“‘When one community replaces the other, this diversity is lost,’ Witherington remarked. Changing the animals’ habitat has the potential to influence the whole food chain, making a widespread difference.(“当一个群落取代另一个群落时，这种多样性就消失了，”Witherington说。改变动物的栖息地可能会影响整个食物链，产生广泛的影响。)”可知，在Witherington看来，植物群落的更替会导致（原栖息地）多样性的消失，而动植物栖息地的改变可能会影响整个生态食物链，影响广泛，这都表明生态系统紧密而又复杂的关联在一起。因此可推知，选项D“Everything in the ecosystem is connected complicatedly.(生态系统中的一切都是复杂相连的。)”的论点应该是他认同的。故选D项。 54．主旨大意题。通过阅读文章第四段和第五段内容可知，特别是第四段的“What was driving this?(是什么正在驱使这些（发生）)”和第五段第二句“They’ve adapted in another way, too.Not only are the mangroves spreading into areas that once were unfriendly to them, but they have also changed their life cycle to speed things up.(他们也以另一种方式适应了环境。红树林不仅扩散到了曾经对它们不友好的地区，而且还改变了它们的生命周期，以加快发展。)”可知，两段主要讲述了红树林如何适应不断变化环境的两种方式。故选C项。 55．推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“So, here’s the question we humans have to consider: Nature is finding ways to adapt to how we’ve changed the climate. What are we doing to adapt to it? Or at least slow it down?(所以，这是我们人类必须考虑的问题：大自然正在寻找方法来适应我们改变气候的方式。为了适应它，我们做了什么? 或者至少让它慢下来? )”可知，在作者看来，大自然都在寻找方法适应人类改变气候的方式，人类却没做什么去应对气候变化。由此可推知，我们应该做些什么来阻止气候变化仍然悬而未决。故选D项。 第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 If your goal is to be happier in the year ahead, you might focus on your body rather than your mind. You can start right now by sitting up a little straighter. Then give a brief smile-even a fake one. These tweaks will tell your brain that something good is about to happen and you’re more likely to feel positive. Sound unlikely? In research led by cognitive scientist John Bargh at Yale, people who held a cup of warm coffee before an interview were more likely to find an individual warm and kind. Happiness isn’t exclusively a conscious decision. Very often our bodies send signals about how we feel and our conscious brains are simply responding rather than controlling. Feeling happier may start with going outside since research shows that being around water-including lakes, streams and ponds-improves well-being more dramatically than almost anything else. When everything is familiar, our brains go into a kind of holding pattern. Any new sensory input will inspire your brain to wake up-which brings its own kind of pleasure. In one 2013 study, researchers found that having variety in a daily routine and visiting places people had never been simply made them feel happier. Body reacts faster than mind. In a baseball game, when a pitcher throws a ball at 100 miles per hour, it takes about four-tenths of a second to get to the batter. Conscious awareness takes about half a second-which means that the ball crosses the plate before the batter quite literally “knows” it. If the body functioned only with conscious input, nobody would ever hit a baseball. You don’t have to wait for events to make you happy-you can always look for the good. If you make your body a partner in the effort, you’re even more likely to optimize your happiness. Hold that warm coffee, spend time by the water, or go for a walk in the sunshine. Your body will send the message that all is well-and your brain just might start believing it. 56．How does sitting up straight and smiling influence our emotions? (no more than 9 words) 57．How can people feel happier according to the 2013 study? (no more than 12 words) 58．Why does the author mention the example of baseball game? (no more than 10 words) 59．What does the underlined word in the last paragraph mean? (one word) 60．What would you do to make you happy after learning this passage and why? (no more than 20 words) 【答案】56．They signal the brain to feel positive. 57．By having variety in daily routine and visiting new places. 58．To show body reacts faster than mind. 59．Improve. 60．I would always smile and spend more time outside in nature because it improves well-being and makes us happier. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了通过身体行为（如坐直、微笑、接触自然等）来提升幸福感的方法，强调身体反应先于大脑意识，改变日常习惯和环境能有效促进快乐。 56．考查细节理解。根据第一段“You can start right now by sitting up a little straighter. Then give a brief smile-even a fake one. These tweaks will tell your brain that something good is about to happen and you’re more likely to feel positive. (你可以从现在开始坐直一点。然后给一个短暂的微笑——即使是假的。这些调整会告诉你的大脑，好事即将发生，你更有可能感到积极)”可知，坐直身体或微笑此类的行为调整可以使我们的大脑感觉积极，预期好事发生。故答案填They signal the brain to feel positive. 57．考查细节理解。根据第三段“In one 2013 study, researchers found that having variety in a daily routine and visiting places people had never been simply made them feel happier. (在2013年的一项研究中，研究人员发现，在日常生活中丰富多彩，参观人们从未去过的地方，会让他们感到更快乐)”可知，根据一个2013年的研究，通过使日常活动多样化或者去一些陌生的地方参观都可以使人更快乐。故答案填By having variety in daily routine and visiting new places. 58．考查细节理解。根据第四段“Body reacts faster than mind. In a baseball game, when a pitcher throws a ball at 100 miles per hour, it takes about four-tenths of a second to get to the batter. Conscious awareness takes about half a second-which means that the ball crosses the plate before the batter quite literally ‘knows’ it. (身体的反应比大脑更快。在棒球比赛中，当投手以每小时100英里的速度投球时，球到达击球手只需要大约四分之一秒。而意识的感知大约需要半秒——这意味着球会在击球手‘意识到’之前穿过本垒板)”可知，文中以棒球为例，来证明段首的结论：身体的反应比大脑更快。故答案填To show body reacts faster than mind. 59．考查词义猜测。根据划线词前文“If you make your body a partner in the effort, you’re even more likely to(如果你让你的身体成为你努力的伙伴，你甚至更有可能)”及后文“your happiness. Hold that warm coffee, spend time by the water, or go for a walk in the sunshine. Your body will send the message that all is well-and your brain just might start believing it.(你的幸福感。喝杯热咖啡，在水边呆一会儿，或者在阳光下散散步。你的身体会发出一切正常的信息，你的大脑可能会开始相信它)”可知，举例说让身体舒适会提升幸福感，由此推测，划线词意为“提升”。故答案填Improve. 60．考查归纳总结及表达。根据第一段“If your goal is to be happier in the year ahead, you might focus on your body rather than your mind. You can start right now by sitting up a little straighter. Then give a brief smile-even a fake one. These tweaks will tell your brain that something good is about to happen and you’re more likely to feel positive.(如果你的目标是在未来的一年里更快乐，你可能要关注你的身体而不是你的思想。你可以从现在开始坐直一点。然后给一个短暂的微笑——即使是假的。这些调整会告诉你的大脑，好事即将发生，你更有可能感到积极)”及最后一段“Hold that warm coffee, spend time by the water, or go for a walk in the sunshine. Your body will send the message that all is well-and your brain just might start believing it.(喝杯热咖啡，在水边呆一会儿，或者在阳光下散散步。你的身体会发出一切正常的信息，你的大脑可能会开始相信它)”可知，调整身体做一些好的动作，或做一些让身体舒适的事情会更快乐，例如去水边或树林里待着，阳光下散步，常常微笑等。故答案填I would always smile and spend more time outside in nature because it improves well-being and makes us happier. 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61．假设你是李津，你校英文报社正在举办以“压力管理与心理健康”为主题的征文活动。请你以“How to Deal with Academic Pressure”为题，写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1. 学业压力的常见来源（如考试、作业、升学竞争等）； 2. 应对学业压力的有效方法（如时间管理、运动、倾诉等）； 3. 保持心理健康的重要性及你的建议。 注意： （1）字数不少于100词； （2）题目已给出，不计入总词数； （3）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 How to Deal with Academic Pressure ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: How to Deal with Academic Pressure As we know, academic pressure has become a common challenge for students, especially in senior high school. It mainly comes from exams, heavy homework, and fierce competition for college admission. To cope with this pressure, effective strategies are essential. First, time management can help us prioritize tasks and avoid procrastination. For example, making a daily study plan ensures efficiency. Second, physical activities like jogging or playing basketball can relieve stress by releasing endorphins. Additionally, talking to friends, teachers, or family members about our worries provides emotional support. In my opinion, mental health is as important as academic success. Schools should offer counseling services, and students need to learn self-care techniques, such as mindfulness or journaling. Remember, a healthy mind is the foundation of achieving long-term goals. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生撰写短文投稿，分析压力来源、提出应对方法并强调心理健康重要性。 【详解】1.词汇积累 压力：pressure → stress 关键的：essential → crucial 基础：foundation → basis 目标：goal → target 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To cope with this pressure, effective strategies are essential. 拓展句：Effective strategies are essential so that we can cope with this pressure. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As we know, academic pressure has become a common challenge for students, especially in senior high school. (运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】For example, making a daily study plan ensures efficiency. (运用了动名词短语作主语) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★考试结束前 2025-2026学年高三上学期开学考试（天津卷） 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．—There is always so much work to do. I’m going to be driven mad. —________. It’ll be all right. A．No problem B．Go ahead C．Keep cool D．Never mind 2．— How about the meals during your exchange visit? — Well, it ________ worse. A．couldn't have been B．shouldn't have been C．mustn't have been D．needn't have been 3．The research they had been devoted to ________ to be of great value. A．was proved B．proving C．proves D．proved 4．—It has been freezing cold recently and I have caught a bad cold. I ______ now. —Sorry to hear that. Take care of yourself! A．ring the bell B．have a frog in my throat C．pull up my socks D．have butterflies in my stomach 5．The amusement park, which ________ adults and children alike, ________at present and will be open next year. A．intends for; will be built B．is intended for; will be built C．intends for; is being built D．is intended for; is being built 6．— What makes him so excited these days? — ________ a key university. A．Admitted into B．Admitting C．Having been admitted into D．Being admitted to 7．The most important thing ________ we should pay attention to in an exam is ________ our teacher mentioned in class. A．which; that B．that; what C．which; which D．that; that 8．Due to the huge amount of construction and operational experience________over the past few years, China’s energy producers can grab a larger share of the global clean energy market. A．having accumulated B．being accumulated C．accumulated D．has been accumulated 9．The detective investigated the case ________, following every lead and clue carefully, determined to uncover the truth behind the mysterious incident. A．profoundly B．thoroughly C．curiously D．superficially 10．According to Musk, the ultimate ________ of the Starship project is to establish bases on the Moon and Mars and put humans on the "path to being a multi-planet civilization". A．ambition B．objection C．objective D．devotion 11．*To accurately ______ the success of the program, researchers must assess not only the quantitative outputs but also the qualitative improvements in user satisfaction and system efficiency. A．oppose B．treasure C．negotiate D．evaluate 12．The book has succeeded in making philosophy ________ to a wider audience. A．sufficient B．integral C．accessible D．tiresome 13．In addition to blogging, taking photos and writing articles about the reef, he made a number of appearances on television to argue its defence. A．in harmony with B．in favour of C．in control of D．in contrast to 14．China's economy will continue to ________ in the third and fourth quarters of the year with existing policy support and forceful infrastructure spending. A．pick up B．turn up C．put up D．bring up 15．When a new movement in art contributes to a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for ________ unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal. A．whatever B．however C．that D．which 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time. A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been 16 free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started 17 his car to the young people. Wilson has 18 an astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous 19 with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he’s 20 have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students 21 call him “Grandpa”. Tina Stern 22 rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free 23 . “It’s not just a ride; you’re not just sitting there in 24 silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually 25 the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he’ll 26 those things.” Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the 27 asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes 28 to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration, Wilson is there to 29 them. If they run out of certain daily necessities, Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never 30 to buy them a meal. For many students, Wilson’s help is not only appreciated, it’s also entirely 31 for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others have to 32 vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has 33 them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the 34 . “I just love driving and I love these kids, ” Wilson said. “It’s such a(n) 35 to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and hearing their stories.” 16．A．linking B．sending C．offering D．distributing 17．A．donating B．lending C．delivering D．volunteering 18．A．paved B．covered C．measured D．wandered 19．A．arguments B．interviews C．negotiations D．conversations 20．A．met B．driven C．addressed D．greeted 21．A．even B．ever C．once D．already 22．A．earned B．received C．assessed D．demanded 23．A．transportation B．style C．time D．communication 24．A．forced B．awkward C．ridiculous D．suspicious 25．A．selects B．recites C．guesses D．remembers 26．A．act on B．settle on C．check on D．agree on 27．A．club B．league C．college D．programme 28．A．far B．around C．beyond D．forwards 29．A．assist B．watch C．urge D．warn 30．A．expects B．attempts C．manages D．hesitates 31．A．extra B．unusual C．necessary D．adequate 32．A．share B．fuel C．repair D．exchange 33．A．required B．allowed C．reminded D．convinced 34．A．experience B．arrangement C．appreciation D．employment 35．A．effort B．ambition C．privilege D．convenience 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Earthquake Safety Guide for Students Earthquakes can strike without warning, making preparation crucial. As students, understanding proper safety measures can protect lives during such emergencies. Here’s a step-by-step guide to staying safe before, during, and after an earthquake. Before an Earthquake Build an Emergency Kit: Include a flashlight, bottled water, non-perishable food, a first-aid kit, a whistle, and spare batteries. Store it in an accessible location. Learn Safe Zones: Identify sturdy furniture (e. g., desks. or structural supports (e. g., load-bearing walls. in classrooms. Avoid windows or heavy objects that may fall. Practice Drills: Participate in school earthquake drills to react quickly. Familiarize yourself with evacuation routes and assembly points. During an Earthquake ## Drop, Cover, and Hold On: ## Drop to your hands and knees to avoid being knocked over. ## Cover your head and neck under a desk or table. If no shelter is nearby, crouch near an interior wall. ## Hold On to your shelter until shaking stops. ## Stay Indoors: Do not run outside during shaking. Falling debris poses a major risk. ## Avoid Hazards: Stay away from shelves, glass, or hanging objects. After an Earthquake Evacuate Safely: Exit the building calmly once shaking stops. Use stairs, not elevators, in case of off power. Check for Injuries: Assist others if safe to do so. Report serious injuries to teachers or emergency responders. Avoid Damaged Areas: Do not re-enter buildings until authorities declare them safe. Stay Informed: Listen to a battery-powered radio for updates from official sources. Remember: Panic worsens emergencies. Staying calm and following protocols greatly improves survival chances. Share this knowledge with peers to build a safer community. Reading Comprehension Questions 36．What items are recommended in an emergency kit? A．A map, snacks, and a camera. B．A flashlight, water, and a first-aid kit. C．A textbook, umbrella, and phone charger. D．A blanket, keys, and a notebook. 37．What should students do FIRST when an earthquake starts? A．Run to the nearest exit. B．Call their parents. C．Drop, cover, and hold on. D．Hide under a tree. 38．Why should students avoid elevators after an earthquake? A．Power outages may trap people. B．Elevators are too slow. C．Elevators are for teachers only. D．Stairs are more comfortable. 39．What should students do if they cannot find shelter during shaking? A．Stand near a window. B．Hold onto a bookshelf. C．Lie flat on the floor. D．Crouch near an interior wall. 40．What is the main purpose of practicing earthquake drills? A．To improve fitness. B．To test teachers’ patience. C．To decorate classrooms. D．To react quickly in real emergencies. B On the morning of the robotics competition, Jay stared at his trembling hands, haunted by last night’s argument with his teammate Leo. Their six-month project — a solar-powered rover — now sat dormant on the lab table. The fight had erupted when Leo discovered Jay secretly redesigned their code alone, fearing Leo’s part-time job distractions would compromise their work. “You think I’m deadweight?” Leo’s wounded glare, still burned Jay’s memory. Their friendship once thrived on mutual trust. In freshman year, Leo taught Jay calculus under the bleachers when bullies mocked his learning disability. Last winter, Jay spent nights debugging Leo’s programming errors before a critical demo. But senior year’s pressure warped (扭曲) their teamwork into silent competition. The competition’s first round proved disastrous. A glitch (小毛病) caused their rover to spin wildly, drawing judges’ frowns. During the lunch break, Jay found Leo hunched over a notebook, sketching (简述) a circuit (电路) diagram with familiar intensity — the same focus he’ d once used to explain quadratic equations. “I found the bug,” Leo muttered, circling a sensor code. “Your redesign ignored terrain friction variables (地球摩擦变量).” Swallowing pride, Jay whispered, “I should’ve asked for help.” Leo’s pen paused. “And I should’ve told you I was taking night shifts to pay for college apps.” Their eyes met, acknowledging unspoken fears. They worked through the break, combining Jay’s efficiency algorithms with Leo’s mechanical insights. When their rover flawlessly climbed the final obstacle course slope, the applause mattered less than Leo’s fist bump — a gesture revived from their freshman year. That evening, Jay scribbled in his journal “Friendship isn’t a solo sprint (冲刺) but a relay race — sometimes you carry the baton (接力棒), sometimes you pass it.” Psychologists affirm this observation; a 2024 MIT study found teams balancing trust and accountability outperform purely competitive groups by 63%. True friendship, the data suggests, thrives not in perfect harmony but in the courage to bridge vulnerabilities. 41．What caused the conflict between Jay and Leo? A．Academic cheating. B．Code redesign without consultation. C．Competition prize money. D．Personal insults. 42．The phrase “relay race” in last paragraph emphasizes friendship requires ________. A．physical strength B．strict rules C．alternating leadership D．audience approval 43．How did Leo help Jay in freshman year? A．Taught him calculus. B．Gave him job opportunities. C．Built a robot model. D．Organized competitions. 44．What does the rover’s success symbolize? A．Rebuilt trust through cooperation. B．Technological complexity. C．Importance of awards. D．Judges’ bias. 45．Which statement agree with the research finding? A．Individual talent guarantees success. B．Team balance improves performance. C．Friendship hinders professional growth. D．Competition eliminates vulnerability. C Until recently, the “science of the future” was supposed to be electronics and artificial intelligence. Today it seems more and more likely that the next great breakthroughs in technology will be brought through a combination of those two sciences with organic chemistry and genetic engineering. This combination is the science of biotechnology. Organic chemistry enables us to produce marvelous synthetic materials. However, it is still difficult to manufacture anything that has the capacity of wool to conserve heat and also to absorb moisture. Nothing that we have been able to produce so far comes anywhere near the combination of strength, lightness and flexibility that we find in the bodies of ordinary insects. Nevertheless, scientists in the laboratory have already succeeded in “growing” a material that has many of the characteristics of human skin. There is a good chance that our next step will be “biotech hearts and eyes” which can replace diseased organs in human beings. These will not be rejected by the immune system, as is often the case with organs from donors. The application of biotechnology to energy production seems even more auspicious. In 1996 the famous science fiction writer, Arthur C． Clarke, many of whose previous predictions have come true, said that we might soon be able to develop remarkably cheap and renewable sources of energy and some of these power sources would be biological. Clarke and others have warned us repeatedly that sooner or later we will have to give up our dependence on non-renewable power sources. Coal, oil and gas are indeed convenient. However, using them also means creating dangerously high levels of pollution. It will be impossible to meet the growing demand for energy without increasing that pollution to catastrophic levels unless we develop power sources that are both cheaper and cleaner. It is tempting to think that biotechnology or some other “science of the future” can solve our problems. Before we surrender to that temptation we should remember nuclear power. Only a few generations ago it seemed to promise limitless, cheap and safe energy. Today those promises lie buried in a concrete grave in a place called Chernobyl, in Ukraine. Biotechnology is unlikely, however, to break its promises in quite the same or such a dangerous way. 46．According to Paragraph 2, what is the author’s view on natural materials compared to synthetic ones? A．Natural materials are superior in multiple properties. B．Synthetic materials have surpassed natural ones in quality. C．Organic chemistry cannot replicate natural materials’ features. D．Future technology will eliminate the need for natural materials. 47．The examples of “biotech hearts and eyes” in Paragraph 3 are used to demonstrate ________. A．the complete replacement of human organs is imminent B．the practical potential of biotechnology in medicine C．the resolution of immune system rejection issues D．the cost-effectiveness of biological materials 48．Author C． Clarke is most likely to agree that in future societies ________. A．biological power will play a dominant role in the market B．all the predictions that he has made will come true C．the use of fossil fuels like oil, gas and coal will be stopped D．dependence on non-renewable energy must be reduced 49．Which of the following statements best describes an advantage of biotechnology mentioned in the passage? A．It relies entirely on synthetic materials for energy production. B．It provides both economical and eco-friendly solutions. C．It ensures immediate replacement of all diseased human organs. D．It has surpassed nuclear power in safety and efficiency. 50．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Biological power will probably live, up to all its promises. B．Biotechnology is the only way to address our future energy problems. C．Nuclear power is a limitless, cheap and safe kind of energy. D．Biological power is less likely to be as threatening as nuclear power D Most of Florida is a flat peninsula (半岛) with water on three sides and houses built as close to the shoreline as possible. For one thing we are more frequently the target of hurricanes than any other state; for another, our geography makes us more easily to be hurt by rising seas. A news story about climate change in Florida popped up. Historically, scientists believed mangroves (红树林) didn’t live farther north than Cedar Key, in the middle of Florida’s Big Bend. But that’s not the case anymore. Samantha Chapman, a biology professor who’s been studying how Florida’s mangroves have been migrating (迁移), found them up near the St Mary’s River, which forms the border between Florida and Georgia. It seems that they soon be marching through Georgia and becoming a thriving new component of coastal habitats. But a coastal biologist named Blair Witherington took issue on the matter. The mangroves weren’t spreading into a new territory, he pointed out. They were entering areas that had been classified as saltmarsh (盐沼), where the landscape was dominated by cordgrass. Saltmarsh and mangrove create very different habitats that attract a very different set of animals. “When one community replaces the other, this diversity is lost,” Witherington remarked. Changing the animals’ habitat has the potential to influence the whole food chain, making a widespread difference. What was driving this? “Mangroves can survive a short freeze, but not a prolonged, hard freeze. By combing through the weather records kept by the state’s orange juice industry, biologists have been able to document that Florida is having fewer prolonged hard freezes than it used to. Then the mangroves have adapted by expanding their range.” Samantha explained. “They’ve adapted in another way, too. Not only are the mangroves spreading into areas that once were unfriendly to them, but they have also changed their life cycle to speed things up. Normally it takes them about 15 years of growth before they start making seeds. Now, as they get into these marshes, they’re producing seeds when they’ re only a couple of years old,” Samantha said. The problem with having too many mangroves by the sea is that climate change may overwhelm them. A study by the US Geological Survey said sea level rise could wipe out mangroves all along the Florida coast. So, here’s the question we humans have to consider: Nature is finding ways to adapt to how we’ve changed the climate. What are we doing to adapt to it? Or at least slow it down? 51．What can we learn about the state of Florida? A．It could be affected by high tides easily. B．Its geography fuels shipbuilding industry. C．Its houses are built in a high-lying but flat area. D．It is often hit by tornadoes and suffers huge losses. 52．What is the news story about Florida’s mangroves? A．They migrate to warmer regions. B．They are marching into a new habitat. C．They form the border between Florida and Georgia. D．They are introduced into Florida to prevent flooding. 53．Which of the following would Blair Witherington agree with? A．Saltmarsh is fragile and requires urgent protection. B．Florida includes a rich diversity of natural habitats. C．The benefits of the mangroves outweigh their troubles. D．Everything in the ecosystem is connected complicatedly. 54．What are the 4th and 5th paragraphs mainly about? A．What mangroves had to face in their habitats. B．Whether mangroves had influence on other plants. C．How mangroves adapted to the changing environment. D．Why mangroves had a different life cycle in marshes. 55．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Human beings are supposed to worship nature. B．It is urgent to grow more mangroves along coastlines. C．Measures against mangroves’ migration are far from enough. D．What we should do to stop the climate change is still up in the air. 第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 If your goal is to be happier in the year ahead, you might focus on your body rather than your mind. You can start right now by sitting up a little straighter. Then give a brief smile-even a fake one. These tweaks will tell your brain that something good is about to happen and you’re more likely to feel positive. Sound unlikely? In research led by cognitive scientist John Bargh at Yale, people who held a cup of warm coffee before an interview were more likely to find an individual warm and kind. Happiness isn’t exclusively a conscious decision. Very often our bodies send signals about how we feel and our conscious brains are simply responding rather than controlling. Feeling happier may start with going outside since research shows that being around water-including lakes, streams and ponds-improves well-being more dramatically than almost anything else. When everything is familiar, our brains go into a kind of holding pattern. Any new sensory input will inspire your brain to wake up-which brings its own kind of pleasure. In one 2013 study, researchers found that having variety in a daily routine and visiting places people had never been simply made them feel happier. Body reacts faster than mind. In a baseball game, when a pitcher throws a ball at 100 miles per hour, it takes about four-tenths of a second to get to the batter. Conscious awareness takes about half a second-which means that the ball crosses the plate before the batter quite literally “knows” it. If the body functioned only with conscious input, nobody would ever hit a baseball. You don’t have to wait for events to make you happy-you can always look for the good. If you make your body a partner in the effort, you’re even more likely to optimize your happiness. Hold that warm coffee, spend time by the water, or go for a walk in the sunshine. Your body will send the message that all is well-and your brain just might start believing it. 56．How does sitting up straight and smiling influence our emotions? (no more than 9 words) 57．How can people feel happier according to the 2013 study? (no more than 12 words) 58．Why does the author mention the example of baseball game? (no more than 10 words) 59．What does the underlined word in the last paragraph mean? (one word) 60．What would you do to make you happy after learning this passage and why? (no more than 20 words) 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61．假设你是李津，你校英文报社正在举办以“压力管理与心理健康”为主题的征文活动。请你以“How to Deal with Academic Pressure”为题，写一篇短文投稿。内容包括： 1. 学业压力的常见来源（如考试、作业、升学竞争等）； 2. 应对学业压力的有效方法（如时间管理、运动、倾诉等）； 3. 保持心理健康的重要性及你的建议。 注意： （1）字数不少于100词； （2）题目已给出，不计入总词数； （3）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 How to Deal with Academic Pressure ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$