Lesson 7 副词（讲义）-2024-2025学年通用版英语六年级下册

Lesson 7 副词（讲义） 2024-2025学年通用版英语六年级下册 副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子的词, 表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。 She plays the violin early. 她一早就在拉小提琴。 She plays the violin everywhere. 她到处拉小提琴。 She plays the violin loudly. 她小提琴拉得很响。 They quickly run away. 他们飞快地跑了。 一、副词的种类 根据副词在句中修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句的作用, 根据副词的意义, 大致可以分为：时间副词、地点副词、程度副词、方式副词和疑问副词。主要描述事情发生的时间、地点、程度、方式等。 （一）时间副词：主要表示“什么时候”、活动频率等。如：then, now, yesterday, always, usually, sometimes, often, soon, today等等。 They went to the Century Park yesterday. 他们昨天去世纪公园了。 Tom usually plays football on Sunday afternoon. 汤姆通常周日下午去踢球。 常用时间副词： 1. 表示某时间的副词：now现在, then然后, today今天, yesterday昨天, tomorrow明天, tonight今晚, just now刚才, lately近来, before过去, 以前 2. 表示时间频率的副词：sometimes有时, often常常, usually通常, always总是, seldom很少, never从不 3. 其他时间副词：already已经, late晚, just刚才, early早, at once立刻, （at）first首先, （at）last最后, finally 最后 Tips： 表示时间频率的副词, 放在助动词及系动词之后, 行为动词之前。 She is always the first to come. 她总是第一个来。 She always goes to the library on Saturday morning. 她总是周六上午去图书馆。 （二）地点副词：主要表示“什么地点”。如：inside, outside, here, there, everywhere, home等等。 Danny plays ping-pong outside. 丹尼在屋外打乒乓球。 Who is the boy over there ？那个男孩是谁？ Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。 常用地点副词： 1. 表示地点的副词：here这里, there那里, home在家, upstairs在楼上, downstairs在楼下, anywhere无论何处, everywhere到处, somewhere在某处, abroad在国外 2. 表示位置关系的副词：above在......上方, below在......下方, down向下, up向上, out往外, back回到原处, along沿着, away离开, inside里面, outside外面, left, 左边, right右边 （三）程度副词：表示程度。如：（a）little, a bit, much, too, very, enough, rather, almost, pretty, fairly, half, hardly, badly, completely等。 It's raining heavily. 雨下得很大。 Danny can run very fast. 丹尼能跑得很快。 He isn't tall enough. 他不够高。 I almost forgot it. 我几乎忘了这事。 （四）方式副词：一般用来描绘动作, 经常回答how的问题, 表示“怎样”, 其中绝大部分副词由形容词加后缀-ly构成。如quickly, loudly, warmly, suddenly, badly, well, carefully, gladly, nicely, happily, angrily等等。 Please listen carefully. 请仔细听。 Andy speaks very quietly. 安迪说得很轻。 He looked at me angrily. 他生气地看着我。 （五）疑问副词：主要用来询问时间、地点、原因、方式、程度、数量。如when, where, why, how等。 When can you come？你什么时候能来？ Where are you from？你是什么地方的人？ How does your father usually go to work？你父亲通常是怎么去上班的？ Why did you come back late yesterday？你昨天为什么回来得那么晚？ Exercises 7. 1 Read and write （写出下列副词的反义词） 1. near ____ 2. here ____ 3. never ____ 4. inside ____ 5. slowly ____ 6. quietly ____ 7. cleanly ____ 8. up ____ 7. 2 Write these sentences （用括号内的单词完成句子） 1. They are at home in the evening. （usually） They are usually at home in the evening. 2. We watch television. （sometimes） ____________________________________ 3. I go to school on foot. （always） ____________________________________ 4. Jill plays the piano. （day and night） ____________________________________ 5. Andy entered the cinema （quietly） ____________________________________ 6. She is doing her homework hard. （very） ____________________________________ 7. He opened the window. （slowly） ____________________________________ 8. He gets up. （early） ____________________________________ 二、副词的位置 副词在句中的位置比较灵活, 通常放在与其关系密切的词前面, 不同的副词在句中有先后顺序。 （一）副词修饰动词时, 通常放在被修饰的词后 The bird sings loudly. 小鸟大声唱歌。 They are going to the park tomorrow. 他们打算明天去公园。 （二）副词修饰形容词或其他副词时, 通常放在被修饰的词前面 The apple is very sweet. 这个苹果很甜。 This car goes very fast. 这辆车开起来很快。 It's very quiet here. 这里很安静。 （三）always, sometimes, often, usually, never等频度副词修饰动词或整个句子时, 放在动词的前面 She always goes to work at half past seven every morning. 她总是每天早上七点半去上班。 Danny never does his homework at school. 丹尼从不在学校做回家作业。 （四）句子中有几个类别的副词连用时, 顺序为：程度副词—方式副词—地点副词—时间副词 She went to school very early yesterday. 她昨天很早去上学。 Our teacher spoke very loudly outside yesterday. 我们的老师昨天在外面讲得很大声。 Tim studied very hard abroad last year. 蒂姆去年在国外很努力地学习。 （五）句子中有多个时间副词或地点副词连用时, 顺序为：表示小单位的副词—表示大单位的副词 He had a meeting in Beijing, China last week. 上周他在中国北京参加了一个会议。 She usually goes to work at seven every morning. 她通常每天早上七点去上班。 Tips： 副词表示方式时, 用and或but等连词连接。如：Please speak clearly and loudly. 请说得清楚和响亮。 Exercises 7. 3 Complete the sentences （完成下列句子） 1. This train is slow. It goes very slowly. 2. The girl is quiet. She speaks very ____. 3. It's a fast car. The car goes very ____. 4. She's a good driver. She can drive very ____. 5. He's a fast runner. He can run very ____. 6. It was a bad game. Our team played very ____. 7. Your English is very good. You speak English very ____. 8. Mr. Wang is a careful driver. Mr. Wang drives very ____. 7. 4 Put the words in order （将下列单词组成句子） 1. she/late/is/always She is always late. 2. winter/here/in/it/is/often/cold ____________________________________ 3. walks/my/father/work/to/every/morning ____________________________________ 4. opened/door/the/quietly/I ____________________________________ 5. do/what/you/for/supper/have/usually ____________________________________ 6. day and nigh/plays/she/guitar/the ____________________________________ 7. Shandong/he/from/China/comes ____________________________________ 8. every morning/runs/the old woman/very/along the park/at seven o'clock/slowly ____________________________________ 三、副词的比较级 副词和形容词一样可以用于比较, 有原级、比较级和最高级。副词比较级和最高级的形式有规则的变化形式和不规则的变化形式。原级、比较级和最高级有不同的用法。 （1） 副词比较级的构成 1. 副词比较级和最高级构成规则变化表 2. 常见副词的不规则变化表 3. 有些副词没有比较级的变化。如：now, then, always, here, often, how等。 （二）副词比较级的用法 副词比较级的用法和形容词的比较级用法基本相同。 1. 副词的原级 副词的原级用于两个人或事物的比较, 表示相似、相同。 （1）肯定结构为：as+副词原级+as, 意思为“和......一样” I can swim as fast as you. 我和你游得一样快。 My father goes to work as early as my mother. 我父亲和我母亲上班去得一样早。 （2）否定结构为：not+as/so+副词原级+as, 意思为“不及......” I can't swim as fast as you. 我游泳没你游得快。 My father doesn't go to work as early as my mother. 我父亲上班没有我母亲去得早。 2. 副词的比较级 副词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较。结构为：副词比较级+than, 意思为“比......更......”。 My mother goes to work earlier than my father. 我母亲上班去得比我父亲早。 You can swim faster than me. 你游得比我快。 Tips： more and more 越来越...... The boys run faster and faster. 男孩们越跑越快。 She plays the violin more and more beautifully. 她小提琴拉得越来越好。 3. 副词的最高级 副词的最高级通常用于三个或三个以上人或事物间的比较, 结构为：（the）+副词最高级+范围”, 表示“最......”。副词最高级前定冠词the 也可以不加。 Andy can dance （the）best of all. 安迪是我们中跳得最好的。 Tim runs （the）fastest in our school. 蒂姆是我们学校跑得最快的。 Tips： “the+副词比较级, the+副词比较级”表示“越......（就）越......” The harder you work, the better you'll learn. 你越努力, 就学得更好。 Exercises 7. 5 Read and write （写出下列词的比较级和最高级） 7. 6 Read and complete （每个词只能用一次） fast better never carefully larger farthest outside earliest 1. I am ____ ill. 2. Who can jump the ____ in my class？ 3. I like spring ____ than autumn. 4. Jill runs as ____ as her mother. 5. He is playing the guitar ____. 6. My grandmother gets up ____ in my family. 7. She writes more ____ than me. 8. Our school is ____ than his. Lesson 7 副词 答案 一、副词的种类 7. 1 1. far 2. there 3. always 4. outside 5. quickly 6. loudly 7. dirtily 8. down 7. 2 2. We sometimes watch television. 3. I always go to school on foot. 4. Jill plays the piano day and night. 5. Andy entered the cinema quietly. 6. She is doing her homework very hard. 7. He opened the window slowly. 8. He gets up early. 二、副词的位置 7. 3 2. quietly 3. fast 4. well 5. fast 6. badly 7. well 8. carefully 7. 4 2. It is often cold here in winter. 3. My father walks to work every morning. 4. I opened the door quietly. 5. What do you usually have for supper？ 6. She plays the guitar day and night. 7. He comes from Shandong, China. 8. The old woman runs very slowly along the park at seven o'clock every morning. 三、副词的比较级 7. 5 7. 6 1. never 2. farthest 3. better 4. fast 5. outside 6. earliest 7. carefully 8. larger ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$