考点01 句子成分与句子类型 学案 备战2026届高考英语一轮总复习培优全攻略

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新高考英语一轮总复习培优精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 考点01 句子成分与句子类型（掌握语法大骨架） 模块一：课前热身练 模块二：核心考点梳理：句子成分 模块三：核心考点梳理：句子类型 模块四：当堂限时检测 模块一 课前热身练 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 1 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. Go is one of 2 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope 3 (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘ 4 (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. “The players’ personalities 5 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 6 (try) to beat the opponent 7 no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 8 (strategy) placement of the pieces, 9 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 10 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 【答案】 1．which 2．the 3．to present 4．guidance 5．are revealed 6．tries 7．by 8．strategic/strategical 9．and 10．digitally 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。 1．考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2．考查冠词。句意：围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。 4．考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。 5．考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 6．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。 7．考查介词。句意同上。“by+具体数值”表示“以（某一差值）”，此处指“以一到两分的优势”，符合语境。故填by。 8．考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement，需用形容词strategic或者strategical“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic/strategical。 9．64. 考查连词。句意同上。the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, the energy flow following each move三者为并列关系，作并列主语，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。 10．考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。 模块二 核心考点梳理：句子成分 1. 主要成分与次要成分总览 成分类型 包含成分 核心作用 主要成分 主语、谓语 构成句子基本骨架，表达核心语义 次要成分 表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语 补充说明主要成分，丰富句子细节 独立成分 感叹语、呼语、插入语 与全句无语法关系，表达情感或补充说明 2. 具体句子成分详解 成分名称 定义 常见位置 典型形式 示例 主语 句子叙述的主体 一般句首；there be / 疑问句 / 倒装句中位于谓语后 名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化形容词、主语从句 Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）When we will test hasn't been decided.（主语从句） 谓语 说明主语的动作或状态 主语之后 简单谓语（动词 / 动词短语）；复合谓语（情态动词 + 动词原形 / 系动词 + 表语） He runs every morning.（简单谓语）You may keep the book.（复合谓语）We are students.（系表结构复合谓语） 表语 说明主语的身份、特征、状态 系动词后（be/become/get 等） 名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、介词短语、从句 The weather turned cold.（形容词）His job is to teach.（不定式）The truth is that he lied.（表语从句） 宾语 动作的对象或承受者 及物动词 / 介词后 名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句 I enjoy listening to music.（动名词）He said he would come.（宾语从句） 宾语补足语 补充说明宾语的动作或状态 宾语之后 名词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、从句 We elected him monitor.（名词）I saw her entering.（现在分词）Keep the room clean.（形容词） 定语 修饰名词或代词 被修饰词前 / 后 形容词、分词、名词、代词、不定式、动名词、介词短语 a beautiful city（形容词）developing country（现在分词）a book about history（介词短语） 状语 修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句 句首 / 句中 / 句末 副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、名词、从句 He lives in Beijing.（地点状语，介词短语）Work hard to pass the exam.（目的状语，不定式）If it rains, we'll stay.（条件状语从句） 同位语 对名词 / 代词进行补充说明 被说明词后 名词、代词 We students should study hard.（students 是 we 的同位语）We all are here.（all 是 we 的同位语） 3. 独立成分简表 类型 定义 示例 感叹语 表达突然情感，可在句首 / 中 / 末 Oh! What a surprise!Look! Here comes the bus. 呼语 对听话人的称呼 Madam, can I help you?Waiter, a cup of tea. 插入语 说明句子表达方式，可插入 / 后置 The boy, I think, is from China.To be honest, I don't agree. 句子成分口诀： 主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。 宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无。 11．As kids want to see Las Vegas and all (it) many attractions, we are going to spend our summer holiday there this year. 【答案】its 【详解】考查代词。句意：由于孩子们想参观拉斯维加斯及其众多景点，我们今年将在那里度过暑假。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要用形容词性物主代词，作定语，修饰后面的名词attractions。故填its。 12．After working for several weeks, she felt completely burned and needed a break. 【答案】out 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：工作了几个星期后，她感到精疲力竭，需要休息一下。短语burnt/burned out表示“筋疲力尽的”，作表语。故填out。 13．He had to that it was not easy to gain to the Buckingham Palace. (admit) 【答案】 admit admission 【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：他不得不承认，获准进入白金汉宫并不容易。空1处had to后接动词原形，构成复合谓语；动词gain后应用其名词admission(不可数)作宾语，gain admission to“获得准入”是固定搭配。故空1填admit；空2填admission。 14．Frankly (speak), I think your pronunciation should be improved. 【答案】speaking 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：坦率地说，我认为你的发音应该改进。短语frankly speaking，意为“坦白地说；打开天窗说亮话”，符合句意，修饰后面的句子作状语，故填speaking。 15．This is a fine book: a worthy (add) to the series. 【答案】addition 【详解】考查名词。句意：这是一本好书，是本丛书中有价值的补充。空处作a fine book的同位语，对其作补充说明，add的名词形式addition“增加物，添加物”符合题意，作该释义理解时为可数名词，且空前有a，addition应用单数形式。故填addition。 16．We use “ ” (elder ) as a polite way of saying that someone is old. 【答案】elderly 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们用“elderly”来礼貌地表示某人老了。根据空后的a polite way of saying that someone is old可知，此处表示描述一个人年老，因此使用形容词elderly（上了年纪的）。故填elderly。 17．My parents will move back into town in a year or . 【答案】so   【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我父母大约一年后就要搬回城里了。...or so意为“大约……，……左右”，为固定搭配，常用于数量后面。故答案为so。 18．She started the Ladybug Foundation, a(n) (organ) aiming at getting rid of homelessness. 【答案】organization/organisation 【详解】考查名词。句意：她创立了瓢虫基金会，这是一个旨在消除无家可归现象的组织。此处为名词作同位语，对the Ladybug Foundation进行解释说明，organ的名词为organization或organisation意为“组织”符合句意，且空前有不定冠词，所以使用名词单数形式。故填organization/organisation。 19．All the passengers were more less wounded in the accident that happened in the highway. 【答案】or 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：所有乘客在高速公路上发生的事故中都或多或少受了伤。more or less是固定短语，意为“或多或少”。故填or。 20．How you think seamen found their way before modern accurate methods of navigation were invented? 【答案】do 【详解】考查助动词。句意：你认为在现代精确导航方法发明之前，海员是如何找到方向的？空后主语是you，应用助动词do，构成插入语do you think，紧跟在疑问词How之后，且其后的成分采用陈述语序。故填do。 21．We live (rough) halfway between here and the coast. 【答案】roughly 【详解】考查副词。句意：我们住在这里和海岸之间大约一半的地方。修饰halfway 用副词roughly，意为“大约”符合句意。故填roughly。 22． (conclude), we have full confidence in an even brighter future of Asia. Let’s work together to make it a reality. 【答案】To conclude 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：总之，我们对亚洲更加光明的未来充满信心。让我们共同努力，将其实现。结合句意，此处需要使用结论性的引导词，根据提示词conclude可知，此处应为固定短语to conclude意为“总之”，位于句首，to的首字母需大写。故填To conclude。 23．The career you have defines your life, so taking time to think about it is an essential exercise for young people. 【答案】and 【详解】考查连词。句意：你的职业定义了你的生活，所以花时间思考对年轻人来说是一项必要的锻炼。此处短语and so表示“因此，所以”。故填and。 24．The river floods every winter, and this year was exception. 【答案】no 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这条河每年冬天都发洪水，今年也不例外。no exception“没有例外，无一例外”是固定搭配。故填no。 25．Though she comes from a big city, she still keeps the tradition of working hard. 【答案】up 【详解】考查动词固定短语。句意：虽然她来自一个大城市，但她仍然保持着努力工作的传统。此处为动词短语作谓语，keep up为固定短语，意为“保持；继续；遵守（传统、习俗等）”，后接名词或动名词作宾语，keep up the tradition表示“保持传统，遵循传统”，符合句意。故填up。 26．Sarah, a (represent) of the marketing department, will host the meeting. 【答案】representative 【详解】考查名词。句意：莎拉，市场部的一名代表，将主持这次会议。空处位于不定冠词a后，应填名词形式作同位语，对Sarah的身份进行解释说明，represent为动词，其名词形式representative表示“代表”，符合语境，不定冠词a后应用单数形式。故填representative。 27．The horse, resting or on the move, offered him plenty of inspiration. (用适当的的词填空) 【答案】whether 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：这匹马，无论是在休息还是在运动，都给了他很多灵感。固定搭配whether...or...意为“无论是……还是……”符合题意。故填whether。 28．The Chinese knot, a very beautiful Chinese (decorate), is usually hung in the sitting room of our home. 【答案】decoration 【详解】考查名词。句意：中国结是一种非常漂亮的中国装饰品，通常挂在我们家的客厅里。由a可知空处应填名词单数，作The Chinese knot的同位语，故填decoration。 29．Personally (speak), listening to books should only serve as an aid to our study. 【答案】speaking 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：就我个人而言，听书仅仅应当作为我们学习的辅助手段。Personally________放在句首作插入语。由于“副词+V-ing”是构成插入语的固定结构，故填speaking。 30．How do you (evaluate) your boss?   【答案】evaluate 【详解】考查动词。句意：你如何评价你的老板？“评价”作谓语，用动词evaluate，在助动词do之后，用动词原形。故填evaluate。 模块三 核心考点梳理：句子类型 句子结构类型 结构公式 核心说明 例句 主谓 主语＋谓语（SV） 谓语为不及物动词，无需接宾语即可表达完整意义 The door closed. The sun was shining. 主谓宾 主语＋谓语＋宾语（SVO） 谓语为及物动词或短语动词，必须接宾语 We teach English. Who knows the man? 主系表 主语＋连系动词＋表语（SVP） 谓语为系动词，表语说明主语特征或状态 This is an English-Chinese dictionary. The flower smells sweet. 主谓宾宾 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语（SVOO） 谓语带双宾语，间接宾语指人，直接宾语指物，可转换为 “谓＋直宾＋to/for＋间宾” Mr. Smith lent me his car. （=Mr. Smith lent his car to me.） 主谓宾补 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补语（SVOC） 谓语为可带复合宾语的及物动词，宾语与补语存在逻辑主谓 / 主表关系 The news made us surprised. We saw him out. 主谓状 主语＋谓语＋状语（SVA） 谓语为不及物动词，必须带状语才能使结构完整、意义明确 They lived in Beijing. The girl disappeared in the distance. 主谓宾状 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语（SVOA） 谓语为及物动词，需接宾语且宾语后必须带状语 She covered her face with her hands. She put all the books on the desk. 存现句 there＋be / 不及物动词＋主语 there 为引导词无实义，谓语动词与就近主语保持单复数一致 There is a small pool at the foot of the mountain. There lived a temple on the hill. 31．“I bought a new computer.” 属于以下哪种句子结构?______ A．SVOC (主谓宾宾补) B．SVO(主谓宾) C．SP(主系表) D．SV(主谓) 【答案】B 【详解】考查基本句型。句意：我买了一台新电脑。该句中“I”为人称代词“我”，作主语，“bought”为动词buy“买”的过去式，作谓语动词，“a new computer”为名词短语“一台新电脑”，作宾语，故该句结构为SVO(主谓宾)。故选B。 32．句子 “My sister told me a long story.”中，a long story 是什么句子成分? A．主语 B．直接宾语 C．宾语补足语 D．状语 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我的姐姐给我讲了一个很长的故事。told为动词作谓语，直接宾语为讲述的故事，即a long story，me为间接宾语。故选B。 33．Finishing my homework in one hour is now a thing of the past. A．SVO B．SV C．SVP D．SVOiOd 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：在一小时内完成作业已经成为过去式了。Finishing my homework in one hour为动名词短语，作主语；is为系动词；now a thing of the past为表语。A. SVO主谓宾；B. SV主谓；C. SVP主系表；D. SVOiOd主谓宾宾。故选C。 34．The universe is getting larger at an exceedingly high speed. A．SV B．SVO C．SVP D．SVOCo 【答案】C 【详解】考查基本句型。句意：宇宙正以极高的速度变得越来越大。A. SV主谓；B. SVO主谓宾；C. SVP主系表；D. SVOCo主谓宾宾补。The universe是主语，is getting是系动词，larger是表语，at an exceedingly high speed是状语修饰谓语动词，故该句是主系表结构(SVP)。故选C。 35．Which of the sentences follows the same structure with “My brothers are all college students”? A．The school adviser helped me choose suitable subjects. B．Mr. Wang used to teach himself Japanese. C．His goal is to look after homeless children. D．He is looking for problems on his broken car. 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。下列哪个句子与“我的兄弟都是大学生”结构相同？A. The school adviser helped me choose suitable subjects.学校顾问帮我选择了合适的科目。其中“The school adviser”是主语，“helped”是谓语动词，“me”是宾语，“choose suitable subjects”是不定式短语作宾语补足语，省略了to，为主谓宾结构； B. Mr. Wang used to teach himself Japanese.王先生曾经自学过日语。是一个主谓宾结构的句子，其中“Mr. Wang”是主语，“used to teach”作谓语，“himself”是宾语，“Japanese”是宾语补足语。 C. His goal is to look after homeless children.他的目标是照顾无家可归的孩子。是一个主系表结构的句子，其中“His goal”是主语，“is”是系动词，“to look after homeless children”是不定式短语作表语。 D. He is looking for problems on his broken car.他在找他那辆破车的毛病。是一个主谓宾结构的句子，其中“He”是主语，“is looking for”是谓语动词短语，“problems”是宾语，“on his broken car”是介词短语作地点状语。故选C。 36．句子成分分析正确的一项是：（   ） He bought me some interesting English novels. A．S＋V＋O+ A B．S＋V＋DO+ IO C．S＋V＋IO+ DO D．S+V+O+C 【答案】C 【详解】考查基本句型。句意：他给我买了几本有趣的英文小说。在本句中，代词He为主语（S），动词buy作谓语（V）使用了一般过去时，代词宾格me作间接宾语（IO）名词短语some interesting English novels作直接宾语（DO）。故选C项。 37．Our school football team achieved an unbelievable success because of their persistence. (    ) A．S+V+A+O B．S+V+O+A C．S+C+O+A D．S+V+P+A 【答案】B 【详解】考查句型结构。句意：由于坚持不懈，我们校足球队取得了令人难以置信的成功。A. S+V+A+O主谓状宾；B. S+V+O+A主谓宾状；C. S+C+O+A主补宾状；D. S+V+P+A主系表状。Our school football team在句中作主语（S），achieved是谓语动词（V），an unbelievable success是宾语（O），because of their persistence是原因状语（A），该句结构是“主语+谓语+宾语+状语”，即S+V+O+A。故选B。 38．I found an old man walking his dog in the park all the afternoon. (    ) A．S＋V＋O＋P＋A B．S＋V＋O＋A＋C C．S＋V＋O＋C＋A D．S＋V＋P+O＋A 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我发现一位老人整个下午都在公园遛狗。主语为I，谓语为found，an old man为宾语，walking his dog为现在分词短语作宾语补足语，in the park all the afternoon为地点和时间状语。故选C。 39．The sentence structure of “He lent me a book.” is ________ A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+O+OC D．S+V+P 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：他借给我一本书。主语（S）为He，lent为动词作谓语（V），me为间接宾语（IO），a book为直接宾语（DO）。故选B。 40．Her father handed her a letter. A．S+V+DO+OC B．S+V+IO+DO C．SVC D．SVP 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：她父亲递给她一封信。分析句子结构可知，句中Her father为主语，handed为谓语动词，her为间接宾语，a letter为直接宾语，所以本句为主谓宾宾结构。故选B。 41．Weather matters a great deal. A．SVP B．SVO C．SVOA D．SVA 【答案】D 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：天气很重要。句中Weather为主语，matters为谓语动词，a great deal为状语，所以本句为主谓状结构。故选D。 42．Which one of the following sentences uses the sentence structure of“主+谓+宾+状”? A．I find it impossible to finish the task in time. B．They are talking about the film at the meeting. C．We have realized the importance of English. D．I will tell my friends this exciting news. 【答案】B 【详解】考查基本句型。A选项中“I为主语；find为谓语，it为形式主语，impossible为宾补，不定式短语to finish the task作真正宾语，in time为介词短语作状语”,句意：我发现按时完成这项任务是不可能的。；B选项中“they作主语，are talking about作谓语，the film作宾语，at the meeting为介词短语作状语”，句意：他们在会上讨论那部电影。；C选项“we作主语，have realized作谓语，the importance作宾语，of English为介词短语作定语修饰名词importance”，句意：我们已经认识到英语的重要性。；D选项“I作主语，will tell作谓语，my friend作间接宾语，this exciting news作直接宾语”，句意：我会告诉我的朋友这个令人兴奋的消息。；根据以上句子结构分析可知，符合“主+谓+宾+状”结构的为选项B。故选B项。 43．“I drank a cup of coffee before I left for school this morning.”该句所属句子基本类型“________”。 A．主语+谓语+宾语+状语 B．主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 C．主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语 D．主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子类型。句意：今天早上我去学校之前喝了一杯咖啡。“I”是主语，“drank”是谓语，“a cup of coffee”是宾语，“before I left for school this morning”是时间状语。该句子的基本类型是“主语+谓语+宾语+状语”，故选A。 44．One of the most important things we must do is to make sure that children who are affected by the disease receive the help and care that they need. A．主 谓 表 B．主 谓 宾 C．主 谓 宾 宾补 D．主 谓 宾 宾 【答案】A 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：我们必须做的最重要的事情之一是确保受疾病影响的儿童得到他们需要的帮助和照顾。分析句子可知，One of the most important things we must do为主语，we must do为定语从句，修饰前面名词things；is为谓语； to make sure that children who are affected by the disease receive the help and care that they need.为不定式短语作表语，其中that children who are affected by the disease receive the help and care that they need为宾语从句；who are affected by the disease为定语从句，修饰前面名词 children，that they need为定语从句，修饰前面名词help and care。所以本句话主句为主谓表结构。故选A项。 45．Yesterday, I saw Mr. Green leave the building with a book in hand. A．SVP B．SVOiOd C．SVOCo D．SVO 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子成分。句意：昨天，我看到格林先生先生手里拿着一本书离开了大楼。分析句子可知，I为主语；saw为谓语；Mr. Green为宾语；leave the building with a book in hand为宾语补足语，对宾语进行补充说明。故选C项。 46．The boss offered me a job.这句话的结构是_______. A．主+谓+宾 B．主+谓+间宾+直宾 C．主+谓+直宾+间宾 D．主系表 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：老板给了我一份工作。The boss为主语, offered为谓语, me为间接宾语, a job为直接宾语, 结构为: 主+谓+间宾+直宾。故选B。 47．I didn’t understand the meaning of his words.这句话的结构是_______ A．主+谓+宾+宾补 B．主+谓+宾 C．主+谓+间宾+直宾 D．主+系+表 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我不明白他的话的意思。I是主语，didn’t understand是谓语，the meaning of his words是宾语，整个句子为“主+谓+宾”结构，即SVO。故选B。 48．The boss offered me a job. The structure of this sentence is “___________”. A．S+V+P B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+O D．S+V 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：老板给了我一份工作。这个句子的结构是“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”。The boss是主语，offer是谓语动词，offer sb sth是双宾语结构，sb是间接宾语，sth是直接宾语，故本句中me是间接宾语，a job是直接宾语，故本句结构是“S+V+IO+DO”，故选B。 49．I painted the wall white. A．SVO B．SVP C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】C 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：我把墙漆成白色。I为主语S，painted为谓语动词V，the wall为直接宾语DO，white为宾补OC。故选C。 50．Which one of the following sentences uses the sentence structure of “主+谓+宾+状”? A．I find it impossible to finish the task in time. B．They are talking about the film at the meeting. C．We have realized the importance of English. D．I will tell my friends to protect the trees 【答案】B 【详解】考查句子结构。句意：A.我发现按时完成任务是不可能的。B.他们在会上讨论那部电影。C.我们已经认识到英语的重要性。D.我会告诉我的朋友保护树木。分析句子结构可知，A选项中为“主+谓+形宾+宾补+真宾”；B选项为“主+谓+宾+状语”；C选项为“主+谓+宾”；D选项“主+谓+宾+宾补”。综上可知，符合题目“下面哪个句子使用了“主+谓+宾+状”的句子结构？”的应该为B选项。故选B项。 模块四 当堂检测 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever cooked rice for your parents? For many Chinese, a meal is simply incomplete 1 rice. Cooking rice does not seem that 2 (complication). There are many ways through which you can cook rice. You can do so with the help of the rice cooker. Rice comes in different 3 (variety). Although the same rule of cooking applies to all types of rice grains, there are certain differences, particularly in the very amount of water 4 is needed to get the grains cooked. You can add as many cups of rice as you need for your meal. First, you should wash the rice, for those impurities are required 5 (remove). Then add water. And 6 a general rule, you need to add one and a half cups of water for every cup of rice. However, this measurement 7 (differ) basing on the types of grains. Use a rice cooker to cook the rice. Cover 8 cooking pot and place it in the rice cooker. Plug the cooker, switch it on and leave the rice to cook. Don’t remove the lid (盖子) to prevent the steam 9 (escape) the pot. The rice cooker will 10 (automatic) turn itself off once the temperature in the pot goes beyond boiling point. You can add salt and other grains to rice to enhance its flavor. 【答案】 1．without 2．complicated 3．varieties 4．that 5．to be removed 6．as 7．differs 8．the 9．escaping 10．automatically 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了煮米饭的相关知识，包括米饭的种类、煮制方法及注意事项等。 1．考查介词。句意：对许多中国人来说，没有米饭的一顿饭是不完整的。空前为形容词，空后为名词，且无提示词，由此可知，此处为介词，结合句意，此处表示“没有米饭”，所以用介词without，意为“没有”。故填without。 2．考查形容词。句意：煮米饭似乎没有那么复杂。此处位于系动词seem之后，应用形容词作表语，complication的形容词形式是complicated，意为“复杂的”。故填complicated。 3．考查名词复数。句意：米饭有不同的种类。different后接可数名词复数形式，variety的复数是varieties，意为“种类”。故填varieties。 4．考查定语从句。句意：尽管所有类型的米粒都适用相同的烹饪规则，但还是有一些区别，特别是在煮熟米粒所需的水量方面。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词是the very amount of water，且先行词被the very修饰，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that。故填that。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，你应该洗米，因为那些杂质需要被去除。根据require sth./sb. to do sth.意为“要求某人或某事做”可知，此处使用动词不定式形式作宾补，此处impurities与remove之间是被动关系，所以用动词不定式的被动形式to be removed。故填to be removed。 6．考查介词。句意：一般来说，每杯米需要加一杯半的水。as a general rule是固定短语，意为“一般来说”，所以此处用介词as。故填as。 7．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，这种测量方法因谷物的种类而异。此处为谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语this measurement是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用differs，意为“不同”。故填differs。 8．考查冠词。句意：盖上烹饪锅，把它放在电饭煲里。此处特指前面提到的cooking pot，所以用定冠词the。故填the。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：不要打开盖子，以防蒸汽从锅里逸出。prevent sb./sth. (from) doing sth.是固定短语，意为“阻止某人/某物做某事”，from可以省略，所以此处用动名词escaping作宾语。故填escaping。 10．考查副词。句意：一旦锅里的温度超过沸点，电饭煲就会自动关闭。此处修饰动词短语turn itself off，应用副词，automatic的副词形式是automatically，意为“自动地”。故填automatically。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Back in the Ming and Qing dynasties, most families in Huangyao were quite wealthy from merchant businesses, so they attached importance 1 town and housing fortification (防御), with the purpose of defending 2 (they) against enemy attackers and burglars. As a result, the town has a clever design, equipped with superb defensive features. There are four main gates to the town and street gates to each street. The eight streets are linked to the main street, 3 were all built with T-intersections rather than intersections, developing a maze-like system. The East Gate Tower, 4 (date) back to the early Qing Dynasty, is the best preserved and most secure gate tower in Huangyao. 5 (design) with openings for looking out, the tower acted as a defensive structure, while the Yaojiang River served as a moat (护城河). The design of traditional local residential complexes also shows a strong awareness of defense. A typical aspect of this philosophy is 6 families in the same clan (家族) tended to build their houses around 7 ancestral hall, so that they were close enough 8 (care) for and support each other. The Guo’s Residence is one of the best-preserved residential complexes in Huangyao. Covering an area of over 500 square meters, it is a typical courtyard-style dwelling. The residence 9 (main) consists of a front hall, a courtyard, a main hall and several bedrooms. In the past, a plaque (牌匾) 10 (present) by the imperial court during the reign of Daoguang Emperor in the Qing Dynasty, applauding the Guo family’s harmonious family environment. This plaque still remains in the complex. 【答案】 1．to 2．themselves 3．which 4．dating 5．Designed 6．that 7．an 8．to care 9．mainly 10．was presented 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了明清时期黄姚古镇因商户富裕而注重城镇与住房防御，其布局、城门及传统民居设计均体现防御意识，并举例郭氏故居。 1．考查介词。句意：早在明清时期，黄姚的大多数家庭都因经商而相当富裕，因此他们重视城镇和住房防御，目的是保护自己免受敌人的攻击和盗贼的侵扰。attach importance to...为固定搭配，意为“重视……”。故填to。 2．考查代词。句意同上。此处作defending的宾语，应用反身代词themselves，指代前面的most families，表示“他们自己”。故填themselves。 3．考查定语从句。句意：八条街道与主街相连，这些街道都是用T形交叉路口而不是十字路口建造的，形成了一个迷宫般的系统。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是streets，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：东门楼建于清初，是黄姚保存最完好、最安全的门楼。date back to...为固定短语，意为“追溯到……”，与The East Gate Tower之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填dating。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：塔楼设计有向外看的开口，作为防御结构，而姚江则作为护城河。空处作非谓语动词，design和逻辑主语the tower之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Designed。 6．考查表语从句。句意：这种理念的一个典型体现是，同一家族的家庭往往围绕宗祠建房，以便彼此足够亲近，相互照顾和支持。此处引导表语从句，从句中不缺少成分和含义，应用that引导。故填that。 7．考查冠词。句意同上。ancestral hall为可数名词单数，此处表泛指，且ancestral以元音音素开头，前边应用不定冠词an。故填an。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。“be+adj.+enough+to do sth.”是固定结构，意为“足够……去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to care。 9．考查副词。句意：住宅主要由前厅、庭院、正厅和几间卧室组成。此处修饰动词consists，应用副词mainly作状语，意为“主要地”。故填mainly。 10．考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句意：过去，道光皇帝在位期间，朝廷赠送了一块牌匾，赞扬郭氏家族和谐的家庭环境。根据时间状语In the past可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，主语a plaque和present之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was presented。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A traditional Chinese cultural exhibition at the City Art Gallery is showcasing works inspired by Chinese shadow puppetry (皮影戏) , 1 has a history of over 2,000 years in China. Chinese shadow puppetry is one of 2 most ancient forms of storytelling through visual art. The vivid images of characters and the stories they tell reflect the wisdom and values of Chinese folk culture, according to Lin Hua, the curator (馆长) of the exhibition. “The exhibition combines shadow puppetry culture, modern technology and contemporary art,” says Lin. “We hope 3 (show) the charm of this traditional art in a new way, and start conversations with modern art forms like installation art, multimedia art and pop art.” “In a shadow puppetry performance, each movement of the puppets is carefully designed. The performers use their skills to guide the puppets, leading the audience into a world 4 (fill) with myths and legends,” explains Chen Lei, a shadow puppetry performer participating in the exhibition. “The performers’ emotions 5 (convey) through the puppets’ actions, and their understanding of the stories is presented to the audience,” she adds. “A skilled performer always 6 (try) to make the performance touching, not just by the skills, 7 also by the deep connection with the story.” Lin says that the unique shapes of the shadow puppets, the beauty in the 8 (careful) arranged storylines, and the cultural meanings behind each character inspired artists to create paintings, sculptures, 9 digital artworks for the exhibition. These works aim to let more people appreciate the charm of Chinese shadow puppetry in the context of modern art, 10 (bridge) the gap between tradition and modernity. 【答案】 1．which 2．the 3．to show 4．filled 5．are conveyed 6．tries 7．but 8．carefully 9．and 10．bridging 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述市美术馆的中国传统文化展以皮影戏为灵感，融合现代科技与艺术，展现其魅力，搭建传统与现代桥梁。 1．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在城市美术馆举办的一场中国传统文化展览上，展出了受中国皮影戏启发的作品，中国皮影戏已有2000多年的历史。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Chinese shadow puppetry，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2．考查定冠词。句意：中国皮影戏是通过视觉艺术讲故事的最古老形式之一。“most ancient”是形容词最高级，前面需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望以一种新的方式展示这种传统艺术的魅力，并与装置艺术、多媒体艺术和波普艺术等现代艺术形式展开对话。这里考查hope to do sth，是固定搭配，意为“希望做某事”。故填to show。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：表演者用他们的技巧引导木偶，带领观众进入一个充满神话和传说的世界。此空考查非谓语动词修饰名词world，world与fill之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填filled。 5．考查时态语态。句意：表演者的情感通过木偶的动作传递，他们对故事的理解也呈现给观众。此空考查谓语动词，主语The performers’ emotions与convey之间是被动关系，且此处描述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are conveyed。 6．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：一个熟练的表演者总是试图让表演感人，不仅通过技巧，还通过与故事的深刻联系。此空考查谓语动词，主语A skilled performer与try为主动关系，此处描述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时，主语A skilled performer是第三人称单数，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填tries。 7．考查固定搭配。句意：一个熟练的表演者总是试图让表演感人，不仅通过技巧，还通过与故事的深刻联系。这里考查“not just...but also...”是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 8．考查副词。句意：林说，皮影独特的造型、精心安排的故事情节之美以及每个角色背后的文化内涵，启发艺术家们为展览创作了绘画、雕塑和数字艺术品。空格处修饰动词arranged，应用副词形式carefully作状语。故填carefully。 9．考查连词。句意：林说，皮影独特的造型、精心安排的故事情节之美以及每个角色背后的文化内涵，启发艺术家们为展览创作了绘画、雕塑和数字艺术品。“paintings”“sculptures”和“digital artworks”是并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 10．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些作品旨在让更多人在现代艺术的语境中欣赏中国皮影戏的魅力，架起传统与现代之间的桥梁。此空考查非谓语作状语，These works与bridge之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填bridging。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you heard about the tiger who went to the dentist? It may sound like a joke, but tigers need dental care just as a human 1 (do), because their sharp teeth are vital for catching animals and eating. If a tiger has tooth trouble, it’s a serious problem, and that’s   2 the tiger went to the dentist. A big cat with bad teeth is often visited either by a doctor in the animal shelter   3 by a tiger dentist in the wildlife park. In May 2021, dentists were called 4 (assist) Skah, a 190-kilogram Bengal tiger at Lincolnshire Wildlife Park, with a   5 (damage) tooth. A root canal surgery was performed by 14 medical   6 (professional), who removed the infection and fitted a filling in the operation that lasted over four hours and 7 (present) online. Barron Hall, an animal dentist at the National Zoo in Washington, D．C．, explained that the job wasn’t as scary as it might sound. “I am more concerned about the tiger not waking up   8 her doing any type of damage to me.” With the populations of tigers in the wild still   9 (drop) due to climate change and habitat loss, the success of breeding (饲养) programs, where tiger dentists play a vital role in 10 (protect) for the tigers from extinction, is crucial. 【答案】 1．does 2．why 3．or 4．to assist 5．damaged 6．professionals 7．was presented 8．than 9．dropping 10．protection 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了老虎也需要牙科护理，以实例说明牙医为老虎治疗的情况及老虎牙医的重要性。 1．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这听起来可能像个笑话，但老虎和人类一样需要牙齿护理，因为它们锋利的牙齿对捕捉动物和进食至关重要。此处为谓语动词，根据句意以及上文的谓语动词need可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语a human为单数，为避免重复，用助动词does代替needs dental care。故填does。 2．考查表语从句。句意：如果老虎有牙齿问题，那是个严重的问题，这就是老虎去看牙医的原因。此处为表语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，结合句意，此处表示“……的原因”，用连接副词why引导，在从句中作原因状语。故填why。 3．考查固定搭配。句意：一只牙齿不好的大猫，要么会得到动物收容所医生的诊治，要么会得到野生动物园老虎牙医的诊治。此处为固定搭配either...or...，意为“要么……要么……”，所以用or。故填or。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：2021年5月，牙医们被叫来帮助林肯郡野生动物园一只190公斤重的孟加拉虎Skah处理一颗受损的牙齿。此处为非谓语动词作状语，根据句意，此处表示目的，所以用动词不定式to assist。故填to assist。 5．考查形容词。句意：2021年5月，牙医们被叫来帮助林肯郡野生动物园一只190公斤重的孟加拉虎Skah处理一颗受损的牙齿。此处修饰名词tooth，用damage的形容词形式damaged，意为“受损的”。故填damaged。 6．考查名词复数。句意：14名医疗专业人员进行了根管手术，他们清除了感染，并填充了牙齿，手术持续了4个多小时，并在网上直播。professional为可数名词，根据14可知，此处应用复数形式professionals，意为“专业人员”。故填professionals。 7．考查动词时态和语态。句意：14名医疗专业人员进行了根管手术，他们清除了感染，并填充了牙齿，手术持续了4个多小时，并在网上直播。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“In May 2021”可知，动作发生在过去，且operation与present为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was presented。故填was presented。 8．考查固定搭配。句意：我更担心的是老虎醒不过来，而不是她对我造成任何伤害。此处为固定搭配more...than...，意为“更……而不是……”，所以用than。故填than。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于气候变化和栖息地的丧失，野生老虎的数量仍在下降，因此，在保护老虎免于灭绝方面发挥重要作用的老虎牙医在饲养计划中的成功至关重要。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，populations与drop为主动关系，用现在分词dropping作宾补。故填dropping。 10．考查名词。句意：由于气候变化和栖息地的丧失，野生老虎的数量仍在下降，因此，在保护老虎免于灭绝方面发挥重要作用的老虎牙医在饲养计划中的成功至关重要。此处作介词in的宾语，protect的名词形式protection，意为“保护”，为不可数名词。故填protection。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As China’s global influence grows, so does interest in 1 (it) rich traditions — including the culture of tea, which carries stories, values, and philosophies 2 (pass) down for generations. The experience of drinking Chinese tea abroad is not only about flavor; it also offers a sense of calm and 3 (connect). It is this emotional and cultural depth 4 makes tea different from many other global beverages. One major government-backed program aims to introduce traditional tea culture to the world. Events under this initiative have been held in more than 30 countries, each 5 (feature) ceremonies, lectures, and tastings. At a 2023 event in Berlin, the Chinese tea master’s graceful movements deeply impressed the audience, many of 6 had never seen such a ceremony before. Since then, the project 7 (function) as a reminder for many young Chinese people of the value of their heritage. As a result, domestic interest in tea studies has grown in recent years, 8 (especial) among university students. Tea, like music or art, is something that can even 9 (share) without translation. Villages in Yunnan and Fujian, are now welcoming travelers eager to learn about tea. These places, gradually, are being rid 10 outdated labels, as tea brings them both pride and prosperity. 【答案】 1．its 2．passed 3．connection 4．that 5．featuring 6．whom 7．has functioned 8．especially 9．be shared 10．of 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着中国国际影响力的提升，其丰富的传统，包括茶文化也受到了越来越多的关注。茶文化承载着代代相传的故事、价值观和哲学思想，并且在国内外都产生了深远的影响。 1．考查代词。句意：随着中国全球影响力的增强，人们对其丰富的传统——包括茶文化的兴趣也在增加，茶文化承载着代代相传的故事、价值观和哲学思想。空后为名词短语“rich traditions”，需要用形容词性物主代词修饰，it的形容词性物主代词是its。故填its。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着中国全球影响力的增强，人们对其丰富的传统——包括茶文化的兴趣也在增加，茶文化承载着代代相传的故事、价值观和哲学思想。分析句子结构，句中已有谓语动词carries，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，“stories, values, and philosophies”与“pass down”之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。故填passed。 3．考查名词。句意：在国外喝中国茶的体验不仅关乎味道，还能带来一种平静和连接感。空处与calm并列作宾语，需要用名词形式，connect的名词是connection，此处表示抽象意义，为不可数名词。故填connection。 4．考查强调句。句意：正是这种情感和文化的深度使茶不同于许多其他全球性饮品。分析句子结构，此处为强调句，其基本结构是“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分”，本句中被强调的部分是“this emotional and cultural depth”，指物，所以用that，符合语境。故填that。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：该倡议下的活动已在30多个国家举行，每个活动都有仪式、讲座和品鉴会。分析句子结构，句中已有谓语动词“have been held”，空处需填非谓语动词，each与feature之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，构成独立主格结构。故填featuring。 6．考查定语从句。句意：在2023年柏林的一场活动中，中国茶艺大师优雅的动作给观众留下了深刻印象，其中许多人以前从未见过这样的仪式。分析句子结构，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“the audience”，指人，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以用whom引导。故填whom。 7．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：从那以后，这个项目一直提醒着许多中国年轻人他们传统文化的价值。根据时间状语“Since then”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语“the project”是单数形式，谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。故填has functioned。 8．考查副词。句意：因此，近年来国内对茶学的兴趣有所增长，特别是在大学生中。空处修饰介词短语“among university students”，需要用副词形式，especial的副词是especially，符合语境。故填especially。 9．考查被动语态。句意：茶，就像音乐或艺术一样，即使不用翻译也能被分享。分析句子结构，tea与share之间是被动关系，且空前有情态动词can，所以用情态动词的被动语态，即“be+过去分词”。故填be shared。 10．考查介词。句意：这些地方正逐渐摆脱过时的标签，因为茶给它们带来了自豪和繁荣。“be rid of”是固定短语，意为“摆脱，除去”，符合语境。故填of。 23 备战新高考，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新高考英语一轮总复习培优精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 考点01 句子成分与句子类型（掌握语法大骨架） 模块一：课前热身练 模块二：核心考点梳理：句子成分 模块三：核心考点梳理：句子类型 模块四：当堂限时检测 模块一 课前热身练 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 1 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. Go is one of 2 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope 3 (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘ 4 (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. “The players’ personalities 5 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 6 (try) to beat the opponent 7 no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 8 (strategy) placement of the pieces, 9 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 10 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 模块二 核心考点梳理：句子成分 1. 主要成分与次要成分总览 成分类型 包含成分 核心作用 主要成分 主语、谓语 构成句子基本骨架，表达核心语义 次要成分 表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语、同位语 补充说明主要成分，丰富句子细节 独立成分 感叹语、呼语、插入语 与全句无语法关系，表达情感或补充说明 2. 具体句子成分详解 成分名称 定义 常见位置 典型形式 示例 主语 句子叙述的主体 一般句首；there be / 疑问句 / 倒装句中位于谓语后 名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化形容词、主语从句 Smoking does harm to the health.（动名词）When we will test hasn't been decided.（主语从句） 谓语 说明主语的动作或状态 主语之后 简单谓语（动词 / 动词短语）；复合谓语（情态动词 + 动词原形 / 系动词 + 表语） He runs every morning.（简单谓语）You may keep the book.（复合谓语）We are students.（系表结构复合谓语） 表语 说明主语的身份、特征、状态 系动词后（be/become/get 等） 名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、介词短语、从句 The weather turned cold.（形容词）His job is to teach.（不定式）The truth is that he lied.（表语从句） 宾语 动作的对象或承受者 及物动词 / 介词后 名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句 I enjoy listening to music.（动名词）He said he would come.（宾语从句） 宾语补足语 补充说明宾语的动作或状态 宾语之后 名词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、从句 We elected him monitor.（名词）I saw her entering.（现在分词）Keep the room clean.（形容词） 定语 修饰名词或代词 被修饰词前 / 后 形容词、分词、名词、代词、不定式、动名词、介词短语 a beautiful city（形容词）developing country（现在分词）a book about history（介词短语） 状语 修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句 句首 / 句中 / 句末 副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、名词、从句 He lives in Beijing.（地点状语，介词短语）Work hard to pass the exam.（目的状语，不定式）If it rains, we'll stay.（条件状语从句） 同位语 对名词 / 代词进行补充说明 被说明词后 名词、代词 We students should study hard.（students 是 we 的同位语）We all are here.（all 是 we 的同位语） 3. 独立成分简表 类型 定义 示例 感叹语 表达突然情感，可在句首 / 中 / 末 Oh! What a surprise!Look! Here comes the bus. 呼语 对听话人的称呼 Madam, can I help you?Waiter, a cup of tea. 插入语 说明句子表达方式，可插入 / 后置 The boy, I think, is from China.To be honest, I don't agree. 句子成分口诀： 主语谓语是基础，宾表定状补辅助。 宾主来自名代数，动词作谓不可无。 11．As kids want to see Las Vegas and all (it) many attractions, we are going to spend our summer holiday there this year. 12．After working for several weeks, she felt completely burned and needed a break. 13．He had to that it was not easy to gain to the Buckingham Palace. (admit) 14．Frankly (speak), I think your pronunciation should be improved. 15．This is a fine book: a worthy (add) to the series. 16．We use “ ” (elder ) as a polite way of saying that someone is old. 17．My parents will move back into town in a year or . 18．She started the Ladybug Foundation, a(n) (organ) aiming at getting rid of homelessness. 19．All the passengers were more less wounded in the accident that happened in the highway. 20．How you think seamen found their way before modern accurate methods of navigation were invented? 21．We live (rough) halfway between here and the coast. 22． (conclude), we have full confidence in an even brighter future of Asia. Let’s work together to make it a reality. 23．The career you have defines your life, so taking time to think about it is an essential exercise for young people. 24．The river floods every winter, and this year was exception. 25．Though she comes from a big city, she still keeps the tradition of working hard. 26．Sarah, a (represent) of the marketing department, will host the meeting. 27．The horse, resting or on the move, offered him plenty of inspiration. (用适当的的词填空) 28．The Chinese knot, a very beautiful Chinese (decorate), is usually hung in the sitting room of our home. 29．Personally (speak), listening to books should only serve as an aid to our study. 30．How do you (evaluate) your boss?   模块三 核心考点梳理：句子类型 句子结构类型 结构公式 核心说明 例句 主谓 主语＋谓语（SV） 谓语为不及物动词，无需接宾语即可表达完整意义 The door closed. The sun was shining. 主谓宾 主语＋谓语＋宾语（SVO） 谓语为及物动词或短语动词，必须接宾语 We teach English. Who knows the man? 主系表 主语＋连系动词＋表语（SVP） 谓语为系动词，表语说明主语特征或状态 This is an English-Chinese dictionary. The flower smells sweet. 主谓宾宾 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语（SVOO） 谓语带双宾语，间接宾语指人，直接宾语指物，可转换为 “谓＋直宾＋to/for＋间宾” Mr. Smith lent me his car. （=Mr. Smith lent his car to me.） 主谓宾补 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补语（SVOC） 谓语为可带复合宾语的及物动词，宾语与补语存在逻辑主谓 / 主表关系 The news made us surprised. We saw him out. 主谓状 主语＋谓语＋状语（SVA） 谓语为不及物动词，必须带状语才能使结构完整、意义明确 They lived in Beijing. The girl disappeared in the distance. 主谓宾状 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋状语（SVOA） 谓语为及物动词，需接宾语且宾语后必须带状语 She covered her face with her hands. She put all the books on the desk. 存现句 there＋be / 不及物动词＋主语 there 为引导词无实义，谓语动词与就近主语保持单复数一致 There is a small pool at the foot of the mountain. There lived a temple on the hill. 31．“I bought a new computer.” 属于以下哪种句子结构?______ A．SVOC (主谓宾宾补) B．SVO(主谓宾) C．SP(主系表) D．SV(主谓) 32．句子 “My sister told me a long story.”中，a long story 是什么句子成分? A．主语 B．直接宾语 C．宾语补足语 D．状语 33．Finishing my homework in one hour is now a thing of the past. A．SVO B．SV C．SVP D．SVOiOd 34．The universe is getting larger at an exceedingly high speed. A．SV B．SVO C．SVP D．SVOCo 35．Which of the sentences follows the same structure with “My brothers are all college students”? A．The school adviser helped me choose suitable subjects. B．Mr. Wang used to teach himself Japanese. C．His goal is to look after homeless children. D．He is looking for problems on his broken car. 36．句子成分分析正确的一项是：（   ） He bought me some interesting English novels. A．S＋V＋O+ A B．S＋V＋DO+ IO C．S＋V＋IO+ DO D．S+V+O+C 37．Our school football team achieved an unbelievable success because of their persistence. (    ) A．S+V+A+O B．S+V+O+A C．S+C+O+A D．S+V+P+A 38．I found an old man walking his dog in the park all the afternoon. (    ) A．S＋V＋O＋P＋A B．S＋V＋O＋A＋C C．S＋V＋O＋C＋A D．S＋V＋P+O＋A 39．The sentence structure of “He lent me a book.” is ________ A．S+V+O B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+O+OC D．S+V+P 40．Her father handed her a letter. A．S+V+DO+OC B．S+V+IO+DO C．SVC D．SVP 41．Weather matters a great deal. A．SVP B．SVO C．SVOA D．SVA 42．Which one of the following sentences uses the sentence structure of“主+谓+宾+状”? A．I find it impossible to finish the task in time. B．They are talking about the film at the meeting. C．We have realized the importance of English. D．I will tell my friends this exciting news. 43．“I drank a cup of coffee before I left for school this morning.”该句所属句子基本类型“________”。 A．主语+谓语+宾语+状语 B．主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 C．主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语 D．主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 44．One of the most important things we must do is to make sure that children who are affected by the disease receive the help and care that they need. A．主 谓 表 B．主 谓 宾 C．主 谓 宾 宾补 D．主 谓 宾 宾 45．Yesterday, I saw Mr. Green leave the building with a book in hand. A．SVP B．SVOiOd C．SVOCo D．SVO 46．The boss offered me a job.这句话的结构是_______. A．主+谓+宾 B．主+谓+间宾+直宾 C．主+谓+直宾+间宾 D．主系表 47．I didn’t understand the meaning of his words.这句话的结构是_______ A．主+谓+宾+宾补 B．主+谓+宾 C．主+谓+间宾+直宾 D．主+系+表 48．The boss offered me a job. The structure of this sentence is “___________”. A．S+V+P B．S+V+IO+DO C．S+V+O D．S+V 49．I painted the wall white. A．SVO B．SVP C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+IO+DO 50．Which one of the following sentences uses the sentence structure of “主+谓+宾+状”? A．I find it impossible to finish the task in time. B．They are talking about the film at the meeting. C．We have realized the importance of English. D．I will tell my friends to protect the trees 模块四 当堂检测 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever cooked rice for your parents? For many Chinese, a meal is simply incomplete 1 rice. Cooking rice does not seem that 2 (complication). There are many ways through which you can cook rice. You can do so with the help of the rice cooker. Rice comes in different 3 (variety). Although the same rule of cooking applies to all types of rice grains, there are certain differences, particularly in the very amount of water 4 is needed to get the grains cooked. You can add as many cups of rice as you need for your meal. First, you should wash the rice, for those impurities are required 5 (remove). Then add water. And 6 a general rule, you need to add one and a half cups of water for every cup of rice. However, this measurement 7 (differ) basing on the types of grains. Use a rice cooker to cook the rice. Cover 8 cooking pot and place it in the rice cooker. Plug the cooker, switch it on and leave the rice to cook. Don’t remove the lid (盖子) to prevent the steam 9 (escape) the pot. The rice cooker will 10 (automatic) turn itself off once the temperature in the pot goes beyond boiling point. You can add salt and other grains to rice to enhance its flavor. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Back in the Ming and Qing dynasties, most families in Huangyao were quite wealthy from merchant businesses, so they attached importance 1 town and housing fortification (防御), with the purpose of defending 2 (they) against enemy attackers and burglars. As a result, the town has a clever design, equipped with superb defensive features. There are four main gates to the town and street gates to each street. The eight streets are linked to the main street, 3 were all built with T-intersections rather than intersections, developing a maze-like system. The East Gate Tower, 4 (date) back to the early Qing Dynasty, is the best preserved and most secure gate tower in Huangyao. 5 (design) with openings for looking out, the tower acted as a defensive structure, while the Yaojiang River served as a moat (护城河). The design of traditional local residential complexes also shows a strong awareness of defense. A typical aspect of this philosophy is 6 families in the same clan (家族) tended to build their houses around 7 ancestral hall, so that they were close enough 8 (care) for and support each other. The Guo’s Residence is one of the best-preserved residential complexes in Huangyao. Covering an area of over 500 square meters, it is a typical courtyard-style dwelling. The residence 9 (main) consists of a front hall, a courtyard, a main hall and several bedrooms. In the past, a plaque (牌匾) 10 (present) by the imperial court during the reign of Daoguang Emperor in the Qing Dynasty, applauding the Guo family’s harmonious family environment. This plaque still remains in the complex. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A traditional Chinese cultural exhibition at the City Art Gallery is showcasing works inspired by Chinese shadow puppetry (皮影戏) , 1 has a history of over 2,000 years in China. Chinese shadow puppetry is one of 2 most ancient forms of storytelling through visual art. The vivid images of characters and the stories they tell reflect the wisdom and values of Chinese folk culture, according to Lin Hua, the curator (馆长) of the exhibition. “The exhibition combines shadow puppetry culture, modern technology and contemporary art,” says Lin. “We hope 3 (show) the charm of this traditional art in a new way, and start conversations with modern art forms like installation art, multimedia art and pop art.” “In a shadow puppetry performance, each movement of the puppets is carefully designed. The performers use their skills to guide the puppets, leading the audience into a world 4 (fill) with myths and legends,” explains Chen Lei, a shadow puppetry performer participating in the exhibition. “The performers’ emotions 5 (convey) through the puppets’ actions, and their understanding of the stories is presented to the audience,” she adds. “A skilled performer always 6 (try) to make the performance touching, not just by the skills, 7 also by the deep connection with the story.” Lin says that the unique shapes of the shadow puppets, the beauty in the 8 (careful) arranged storylines, and the cultural meanings behind each character inspired artists to create paintings, sculptures, 9 digital artworks for the exhibition. These works aim to let more people appreciate the charm of Chinese shadow puppetry in the context of modern art, 10 (bridge) the gap between tradition and modernity. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you heard about the tiger who went to the dentist? It may sound like a joke, but tigers need dental care just as a human 1 (do), because their sharp teeth are vital for catching animals and eating. If a tiger has tooth trouble, it’s a serious problem, and that’s   2 the tiger went to the dentist. A big cat with bad teeth is often visited either by a doctor in the animal shelter   3 by a tiger dentist in the wildlife park. In May 2021, dentists were called 4 (assist) Skah, a 190-kilogram Bengal tiger at Lincolnshire Wildlife Park, with a   5 (damage) tooth. A root canal surgery was performed by 14 medical   6 (professional), who removed the infection and fitted a filling in the operation that lasted over four hours and 7 (present) online. Barron Hall, an animal dentist at the National Zoo in Washington, D．C．, explained that the job wasn’t as scary as it might sound. “I am more concerned about the tiger not waking up   8 her doing any type of damage to me.” With the populations of tigers in the wild still   9 (drop) due to climate change and habitat loss, the success of breeding (饲养) programs, where tiger dentists play a vital role in 10 (protect) for the tigers from extinction, is crucial. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As China’s global influence grows, so does interest in 1 (it) rich traditions — including the culture of tea, which carries stories, values, and philosophies 2 (pass) down for generations. The experience of drinking Chinese tea abroad is not only about flavor; it also offers a sense of calm and 3 (connect). It is this emotional and cultural depth 4 makes tea different from many other global beverages. One major government-backed program aims to introduce traditional tea culture to the world. Events under this initiative have been held in more than 30 countries, each 5 (feature) ceremonies, lectures, and tastings. At a 2023 event in Berlin, the Chinese tea master’s graceful movements deeply impressed the audience, many of 6 had never seen such a ceremony before. Since then, the project 7 (function) as a reminder for many young Chinese people of the value of their heritage. As a result, domestic interest in tea studies has grown in recent years, 8 (especial) among university students. Tea, like music or art, is something that can even 9 (share) without translation. Villages in Yunnan and Fujian, are now welcoming travelers eager to learn about tea. These places, gradually, are being rid 10 outdated labels, as tea brings them both pride and prosperity. 23 备战新高考，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$