Starter（1-4）重点语法：基本句型（四大题型，50题）精讲练-2025-2026学年六年级英语上册重难点讲练全攻略（沪教版五四制2024）

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Starter（1-4） 重点语法：基本句型（四大题型，50题）精讲练 目录 语法知识精讲 1 语法知识精练 2 题型一：主谓句型 2 题型二：主动补（主系表）句型 4 题型三：主谓宾句型 7 题型四：综合巩固练 10 语法知识精讲 基本句型（SV, SVC, SVO） 句型名称 构成 含义 示例 SV（主谓结构） S (subject) + V (verb) 主语做什么，什么动作发生在主语身上 The bus stops. The school gate opens. SVC（主动补结构） S (subject) + V (linking verb) + C (complement) 主语是什么，怎么样 My favourite colour is green. The dress looks nice! We are middle school students. SVO（主谓宾结构） S (subject) + V (verb) + O (object) 主语对宾语做了什么动作 Yiming opens the schoolbag. Bailing asks a question. The students are introducing themselves. 语法知识精练 题型一：主谓句型 1．What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “They are swimming in the river now.”? A．S+V+P B．S+V C．S+V+O D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“They are swimming in the river now.”这个句子的句型是什么？ 考查句子结构。S+V+P主语+系动词+表语；S+V主语+不及物动词；S+V+O主语+及物动词+宾语；S+V+O+OC主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语。在句子“They are swimming in the river now.”中，“They”是主语，“are swimming”是谓语动词（现在进行时，表示动作正在进行），“in the river”是地点状语，“now”是时间状语。这个句子没有宾语，因为“swimming”是不及物动词，不需要宾语来完成句子的意思。所以，这个句子的句型是S+V（主语+不及物动词）。故选B。 2．The sentence structure of “They are playing on the playground.” is ______ . A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+OD +OC 【答案】A 【详解】句意： “They are playing on the playground.”的句型结构是主谓。 考查句子结构。S+V主谓；S+V+O主谓宾；S+V+P主系表；S+V+OD +OC主谓宾宾补。分析句子结构，They是主语，are playing是谓语部分，on the playground是地点状语，所以该句符合主谓结构，故选A。 3．What’s the sentence structure of “The old man walks in the park”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“老人在公园散步”的句子结构是什么？ 考查句子结构。S+V主语+谓语；S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+P主语+系动词+表语；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。在句子“The old man walks in the park”中，主语是The old man，谓语是walks，in the park是介词短语作状语，所以句子结构是“主+谓”结构，故选A。 4．—What’s the structure of the sentence “It was snowing heavily at this time yesterday”? —It is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+IO+OC 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——“昨天这个时候下着大雪”这句话的结构是什么？——是主谓结构。 考查句子结构。分析句子可知，it作主语；was snowing作谓语；heavily为副词，作状语；at this time yesterday为时间状语。故句子的结构是主谓结构。故选A。 5．What’s the sentence structure of “The book sells well”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“The book sells well”的句子结构是什么？ 考查句子结构。分析句子可知，“The book”是主语，“sells”是不及物动词作谓语，“well”作状语。故选A。 6．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as“The children are playing happily on the playground.”? A．Some children are playing football. B．They are passing the ball to each other. C．The coach teaches them to work as a team. D．They are listening carefully around the coach. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：以下哪一个句子结构与“孩子们在操场上玩得很开心。”相同？ 考查句子结构。选项A是主语+谓语+宾语结构；选项B是主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语结构；选项C是主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语结构；选项D是主语+谓语+状语。所给句子“The children are playing happily on the playground.”是主语+谓语+状语结构，其中The children是主语，谓语是are playing happily，on the playground是状语。故选D。 7．Millie is sleeping. The sentence structure is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Millie正在睡觉。句子结构是主谓。 考查句子结构。S+V表示“主语+谓语”；S+V+DO表示“主语+谓语+宾语”；S+V+P表示“主语+谓语+表语”；S+V+IO+DO表示“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”。根据原句的句子结构分析可知，主语是Millie，谓语是is sleeping，没有宾语或表语，所以符合“主语+谓语”的结构，故选A。 8．—What is the sentence structure of “They painted in the room yesterday afternoon.”? —I think it’s ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——“他们昨天下午在房间里画画”的句子结构是什么？——我认为是主语+谓语。 考查句子结构。S+V主语+谓语；S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语；S+V+DO+OC主语+谓语+直接宾语+宾语补足语。分析“They painted in the room yesterday afternoon.”句子成分可知，主语是they，谓语是painted，in the room是地点状语，yesterday afternoon是时间状语，故句子结构是主谓加状语。故选A。 9．The temperature drops. The structure of the sentence is ________. A．S+V+DO B．S+V C．S+V+P D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“The temperature drops.”这个句子的结构是“主+谓”。 考查句子结构。the temperature“温度”是名词，在句中作主语；drops“降下来”是不及物动词，在句中作谓语，所以该句子结构是“主+谓”。故选B。 10．The sentence structure of “She is walking along the lake.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“She is walking along the lake.”的句子结构是S+V。 考查句子结构。S+V+O（主＋谓＋宾）；S+V（主＋谓）；S+V+IO+DO（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）；S+V+P（主＋系＋表）。“She is walking along the lake.”本句为现在进行时，主语She；句中is在这个句子中不叫系动词，叫助动词，和walking在一起构成进行时，所以谓语为is walking，所以本句属于主谓句子结构。故选B。 题型二：主动补（主系表）句型 11．Our P.E. teacher ________ strong and he ________ a big nose. A．is; has B．has; is C．is; is D．has; has 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们的体育老师很强壮，他有一个大鼻子。 考查动词辨析和句子结构。is是，be动词；has有，实义动词。分析题干，前句表示“老师很强壮”，应用is作系动词；后句表示“有一个大鼻子”，应用实义动词作谓语。故选A。 12．—Why ________ Jim look happy today? —He ________ happy because he does badly in Maths today. A．doesn’t; isn’t B．isn’t; doesn’t C．doesn’t; doesn’t D．isn’t; isn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——为什么吉姆今天看起来不高兴？ ——他不高兴，因为他今天数学考得很差。 考查否定句。第一句look是系动词，主语Jim是第三人称单数，所以变问句需要借助助动词does，否定形式为doesn’t，第二句是主系表结构，主语是he，所以系动词用is，否定形式为isn’t，故选A。 13．Most of the water in this lake ________ dirty. How can we deal with it? A．have B．has C．are D．is 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这个湖里的大部分水是脏的。我们如何处理它呢？ 考查动词辨析。have有，动词原形；has有，动词单三形式；are是，主语为复数或第二人称；is是，主语为第三人称单数。根据“Most of the water in this lake...dirty”可知，该句为系表结构，主语“Most of the water”为不可数名词短语，所以应用be动词is，故选D 。 14．The sentence pattern of “His face turned red.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“His face turned red.”这句话的句型结构是“主系表”。 考查基本句型。S+V主谓；S+V+O主谓宾；S+V+P主系表；S+V+IO+DO主谓间宾直宾。“His face”是主语，“turned”是系动词，“red”是形容词，作表语。故选C。 15．Which is the sentence pattern of “The bike is new.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】C 【详解】句意：哪个是“这辆自行车是新的”的句型？ 考查句子结构。S+V主语+谓语；S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+P主语+系动词+表语；S+V+IO+DO主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。分析句子可知，The bike是主语，is是系动词，new是表语。故选C。 16．That pair of trousers ________ Bob’s. A．is B．are C．do D．does 【答案】A 【详解】句意：那条裤子是鲍勃的。 考查句子成分及主谓一致。根据“That pair of trousers ... Bob’s.”可推出此处是主系表结构，用be动词；再由“That pair of trousers”可知pair是单数，be动词用is。故选A。 17．Tom and Peter ________ in their room. They ________ a tidy room. A．are; are B．are; have C．have; are D．have; have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：汤姆和彼得在他们的房间里。他们有一个整洁的房间。 考查动词辨析和主谓一致。are是；have有。第一句是主系表结构，表示“在房间”，空处缺少系动词，主语是复数，be动词用are。第二空表示有一个房间，主语是they，应填动词have，故选B。 18．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “Ice cream tastes nice.” A．Wolves can see and smell things far away. B．The bell sounded for lunch at the end of the class. C．Apples quickly turn brown after being left in the air for a while. D．The mother looked angrily at her daughter’s paper full of mistakes. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子和“冰激凌尝起来很好”有相同的句子结构？ 考查句子结构。“Wolves can see and smell things far away”的句子结构为主+谓+宾+状；“The bell sounded for lunch at the end of the class”的句子结构是主+谓+状；“Apples quickly turn brown after being left in the air for a while”的句子结构是主+系+表+状；“The mother looked angrily at her daughter’s paper full of mistakes”的句子结构是主+谓+宾+宾补。分析句子“Ice cream tastes nice”可知，句子结构为主+系+表结构，选项C的句子结构与其一致。故选C。 19．What is the sentence pattern of “The dish smells terrible”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“这道菜闻起来很糟糕”的句型是什么？ 考查基本句型。S+V主谓；S+V+O主谓宾；S+V+P主系表；S+V+O+OC主谓宾宾补。“The dish”作主语；“smells”是系动词；“terrible”是形容词，作表语。故选C。 20．The sentence structure of “You looked unhappy this morning” is ________. A．S+V+IO +DO B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+DO D．S+V+P 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“You looked unhappy this morning”的句子结构是：S+V+P。 考查基本句型。You是主语；looked是系动词作谓语；unhappy是表语；this morning是时间状语；因此句子的结构为：主语+谓语+表语，故选D。 题型三：主谓宾句型 21．Which is the sentence pattern of the sentence “Wendy will help me.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“Wendy will help me”这个句子的句型是什么？ 考查句子结构。Wendy是句子主语；will help是句子谓语；me是句子宾语，故结构是“S+V+O”，故选B。 22．Which of the following is WRONG? A．Standing at the table was a famous pianist. B．This theme park offers free entry to children under 10. C．He has the ability to say a fable in a vivid and interesting way. D．When I passed by the window, I noticed the students having a science lesson. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：以下哪项是错误的？ 考查句子结构。Standing at the table was a famous pianist.站在桌边的是一位著名的钢琴家；This theme park offers free entry to children under 10.这个主题公园对10岁以下的儿童免费开放；He has the ability to say a fable in a vivid and interesting way.他有能力把寓言讲得生动有趣；When I passed by the window, I noticed the students having a science lesson.当我经过窗户时，我注意到学生们正在上科学课。选项C中“say”通常后接具体说话内容，而表示“讲述寓言”，应该用tell。故选C。 23．Which of the following sentences follows the structure S+V+O? A．Dolphins swim fast. B．The dress looks shiny in the sun. C．Peter built his dog a house. D．The volunteers are cleaning the street. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子是主谓宾结构? 考查句子结构。Dolphins swim fast.句子结构为S+V；The dress looks shiny in the sun.句子结构为S+V+P；Peter built his dog a house.句子结构为S+V+IO+DO；The volunteers are cleaning the street.句子结构为S+V+O，符合题目要求。故选D。 24．Which of the following sentence does fit the sentence structure “S＋V＋O”? A．Actions speak louder than words. B．East or west, home is best. C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. D．Care and diligence bring luck. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子符合“S+V+O”的句子结构？ 考查句子结构。Actions speak louder than words“S+V”；East or west, home is best“S+V+P”；A friend in need is a friend indeed“S+V+P”；Care and diligence bring luck“S+V+O”。“S＋V＋O”指的是“主语+谓语+宾语”，根据句型结构可知D符合，Care and diligence是主语S，bring是谓语动词V，luck是宾语O。故选D。 25．The sentence pattern of “I enjoy living in Lanzhou” is ________ . A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 【答案】A 【详解】句意：I enjoy living in Lanzhou这句话是主谓宾结构。 考查基本句型。S+V+O主+谓+宾；S+V+P主+系+表；S+V+IO+DO主+谓+宾+宾；S+V+DO+OC主+谓+宾+宾补。根据“I enjoy living in Lanzhou”可知，主语I；谓语enjoy；宾语living in Lanzhou。所以句式结构为“S+V+O”。故选A。 26．下面句子属于主谓宾结构的是________。 A．Those are my brothers. B．There is a bag on my desk. C．Cindy drinks milk every day. D．Have a nice day! 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下面句子属于主谓结构的是Cindy drinks milk every day.。 考查句子结构。Those are my brothers.“主语+系动词+表语”；There is a bag on my desk.“there be句型”；Cindy drinks milk every day.“主语+谓语+宾语+状语”；Have a nice day!“祈使句”。综上，只有选项C的句子属于主谓宾结构。故选C。 27．下列含有主谓宾成分的句子是 ________ 选项。 A．I have a very nice dress. B．They are my parents. C．It’s easy for me to play soccer. D．Let’s go to play basketball. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：下列含有主谓宾成分的句子是哪个选项。 考查句子成分。I have a very nice dress.我有一件非常漂亮的衣服，本句是主谓宾结构；They are my parents.他们是我的父母。本句是主系表结构；It’s easy for me to play soccer.对我来说，踢足球很容易。本句是it’s adj.for sb. to do sth.结构，it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式；Let’s go to play basketball.我们去打篮球吧。本句是祈使句。根据题干要求，只有A选项含有主谓宾成分，故选A。 28．Which of the following sentences is “S+V+O”? A．He looks tired. B．What did she give you? C．I want a cup of coffee. D．The boy fell from his bike just now. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子是“S+V+O”？ 考查句子结构。He looks tired.主系表结构；What did she give you主谓双宾结构；I want a cup of coffee主谓宾结构；The boy fell from his bike just now主谓宾状结构。所以这道题的正确答案是C，故选C。 29．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O” (主谓宾)? A．Hangzhou is a beautiful city. B．The 20th Asian Games will take place in Japan. C．Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games. D．I buy my parents two tickets. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列哪一个句子的结构是“S+V+O”(主谓宾)？ 考查句子成分。Hangzhou is a beautiful city.（主+系+表）；The 20th Asian Games will take place in Japan.（主+谓）；Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games.（主+谓+宾）；I buy my parents two tickets.（主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语）。故选C。 30．Which is the pattern (句型) of the sentence “Wendy always helps me.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+C D．V+O 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下列哪一项是“温迪总是帮助我”这句话的句型结构？ 考查基本句型结构。S+V主语+谓语；S+V+O主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+C主语+系动词+表语；V+O谓语+宾语。根据“Wendy always helps me.”可知，Wendy为句子的主语，helps“帮助”，谓语动词；me“我”，宾语。故选B。 题型四：综合巩固练 31．What is the sentence pattern of “They laughed.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+C+OC 【答案】A 【详解】题意：“They laughed”的句子结构是什么？ 考查句子结构。“They”是主语，表示“他们”。“laughed”是谓语动词，表示“大笑”。句子结构是“S+V”。故选A。 32．Which of the following sentences has the structure of “S+V+P”? A．It is an ideal place for wild birds. B．The dolphin is swimming in the pool. C．I found the panda very interesting. D．The bear climbed the tree. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：以下哪个句子具有“主语+系动词+表语”结构？ 考查基本句型。句子结构“S+V+P”代表“主语+系动词+表语”结构。“It is an ideal place for wild birds.”是“主语+系动词+表语”结构；“The dolphin is swimming in the pool.”是“主语+谓语”结构；“I found the panda very interesting.”是“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构；“The bear climbed the tree.”是“主语+谓语+宾语”结构。故选A。 33．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “The idea sounds good.”? A．The wind is blowing hard. B．The story seems interesting. C．Children like flying kites. D．I made Mom a birthday card. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下列哪个句子结构与“这个主意听起来不错。”相同？ 考查句子结构。The idea sounds good.结构为“主语+系动词+表语”；The wind is blowing hard.结构为“主语+谓语+状语”；The story seems interesting.结构为“主语+系动词+表语”；Children like flying kites.结构为“主语+谓语+宾语”；I made Mom a birthday card.结构为“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”。可得选项B的结构与题目中句子结构相同。故选B。 34．Which of the following is the sentence pattern”S+V+P”? A．The old man walks in the park. B．I usually have breakfast at 7:00 C．The bike is new. D．She hopes to see her uncle. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：以下哪句是 “主 + 系 + 表（S+V+P）” 句型？ 考查基本句型。“S+V+P”句型即主语+系动词+表语结构。The old man walks in the park. 中The old man是主语，walks是谓语动词，in the park是地点状语，属于“S+V”结构；I usually have breakfast at 7:00 中I是主语，have是谓语动词，breakfast是宾语，at 7:00是时间状语，属 “S+V+O”结构；The bike is new.中The bike是主语，is是系动词，new是表语，符合“S+V+P”结构；She hopes to see her uncle.中She是主语，hopes是谓语动词，to see her uncle是宾语，属于“S+V+O”结构。故选C。 35．Which of the following is RIGHT? A．Your picture is very nice. B．The little girl is crying so sad. C．We can ask people not eat shark fin soup. D．I join the Hiking Club two months ago. 【答案】A 【详解】句意：以下哪项是正确的？ 考查判断正误。A项是主系表结构，正确；B项sad是形容词，不能修饰动词；C项ask后接动词不定式作宾语补足语；D项是过去时间，用一般过去时。故选A。 36．What is the sentence pattern of “The food tastes delicious.”? ________ A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 【答案】C 【详解】句意：“The food tastes delicious.”这个句子是什么结构？ 考查基本句型。S+V主谓；S+V+O主谓宾；S+V+P主系表；S+V+O+OC主谓宾宾补。“the food”是主语，“tastes”是系动词，“delicious”是形容词，做表语。故选C。 37．What’s the structure of the sentence “They are talking happily.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“They are talking happy .”这句话的结构是什么？ 考查句子结构。They作主语，are talking作谓语，happily副词作状语。本句是“主谓”结构，故选A。 38．The structure of “The children are playing in the park now.” belongs to ________. A．S+V B．S +V+O C．S+V+ P D．S +V+DO + OC 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“孩子们正在公园里玩耍”的结构属于主语+谓语。 考查句子结构。S+V主语+谓语；S +V+O 主语+谓语+宾语；S+V+ P主语+连系动词+表语；S +V+DO + OC主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。 “The children are playing in the park now.”中“The children”是主语，“are playing”是谓语，属于主语+谓语，故选A。 39．Which of the following has a different sentence structure? A．All the students laughed. B．Peter is swimming in the pool. C．Eddie is watching Hobo work. D．The temperature will drop below zero. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子结构不一样？ 考查句子结构。A为S+V（主语+谓语）；B为S+V（主语+谓语）；C为S+V+DO+OC（主语+谓语+宾语+宾补）；D为S+V（主语+谓语）。因此选项C与其他的不一样。故选C。 40．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “Eddie gives Hobo some ice cream.”? A．The clouds became dark. B．Butterflies play among flowers. C．We keep our classroom clean. D．I will buy my mother a present. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：以下哪一个句子结构与“Eddie gives Hobo some ice cream.”相同？ 考查句子结构。The clouds became dark.云变得黑了。（主+系+表）；Butterflies play among flowers.蝴蝶在花丛中嬉戏。（主+谓+状）；We keep our classroom clean.我们保持教室清洁。（主+谓+宾+宾补）；I will buy my mother a present.我要给我妈妈买礼物。（主+谓+间宾+直宾）。原句结构give sb. sth.，D项结构buy sb. sth.，两者都为双宾语。故选D。 41．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “The little girl is cute”? A．Mum and dad gave me nice presents B．The sun was shining. C．We have four seasons. D．Ice cream tastes nice. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下面哪一个句子与“The little girl is cute.”的句子结构相同？ 本题考查句子结构。分析句子“The little girl is cute.”的结构：主语 + 系动词 + 表语，即为主系表结构。Mum and dad gave me nice presents.主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语，为主谓宾宾结构；The sun was shining.主语 + 谓语，为主谓结构；We have four seasons.主语 + 谓语 + 宾语，为主谓宾结构；Ice cream tastes nice.主语 + 系动词 + 表语，为主系表结构，与题干句子结构一致。故选D。 42．Which of the following sentence has the same sentence structure as “This kind of food tastes delicious”? A．You can put the dishes in the kitchen B．I often hear someone playing the violin next door. C．Having an ice-cream in the hot summer is really cool. D．Our headmaster will invite a scientist to our school very soon. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列哪一句和“This kind of food tastes delicious”句子的结构相同？ 考查句子结构。You can put the dishes in the kitchen是主谓宾结构；I often hear someone playing the violin next door.是主谓宾加宾补的结构；Having an ice-cream in the hot summer is really cool.是主系表结构；Our headmaster will invite a scientist to our school very soon.是主谓宾结构。根据“This kind of food tastes delicious”可知，此句结构是主系表结构，故选C。 43．Which has the same sentence structure as “I don’t know the man with glasses”? A．The man didn’t show her his ID card. B．My mother told me to work hard. C．The children are reading books quietly. D．Molly isn’t teaching the kids a new song. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：和“我不认识那个戴眼镜的人”的句子结构一样的是哪个？ 考查句子结构。I don’t know the man with glasses.该句子是“主+谓+宾”结构；The man didn’t show her his ID card.该句子是“主+谓+间宾+直宾”结构；My mother told me to work hard.该句子是“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构；The children are reading books quietly.该句子是“主+谓+宾”结构；Molly isn’t teaching the kids a new song.该句子是“主+谓+间宾+直宾”结构。所以C项的句子结构与题干中给的句子结构一样，故选C。 44．Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure from the other three? A．My grandmother always cooks me delicious meals on weekends. B．I saw a boy playing basketball in the playground. C．The speech gives him a chance to express his ideas. D．Mrs Li taught herself English at university. 【答案】B 【详解】句意：下列哪一句的句子结构与其他三句不同？ 考查基本句型。My grandmother always cooks me delicious meals on weekends为主谓+双宾语结构；I saw a boy playing basketball in the playground为主谓+宾语+宾补结构；The speech gives him a chance to express his ideas为主谓+双宾语结构；Mrs Li taught herself English at university为主谓+双宾语结构。故选B。 45．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O”? A．Hangzhou is a modern city. B．The 20th Asian Games will take place in Japan. C．Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games. D．I bought two tickets to the games for my parents. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列哪一个句子的结构是“S+V+O”？ 考查句子成分。Hangzhou is a modern city.主+系+表；The 20th Asian Games will take place in Japan.主+谓；Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games.主+谓+宾；I bought two tickets to the games for my parents.主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语。故选C。 46．The structure of the sentence “I like English.” is the same as that of ________. A．Hobo brought Eddie his clothes. B．I often see some kids kick the ball in the park. C．The students visited the museum. D．The dish smells good. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：句子“I like English.”的结构与“The students visited the museum.”相同。 考查句子结构。选项A的结构是主语+动词+间接宾语+直接宾语；选项B的结构是主语+动词+宾语+宾语补足语；选项C的结构是主语+动词+宾语，与题干句子结构相同；选项D的结构是主语+系动词+表语。故选C。 47．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “I like playing the piano.”? A．He runs fast every day. B．We watched a film last night. C．He helped me clean the classroom. D．Who posted me the letter in the morning? 【答案】B 【详解】句意：以下哪句话和“我喜欢弹钢琴”的句子结构相同？ 考查句子结构。He runs fast every day.主谓；We watched a film last night.主谓宾；He helped me clean the classroom.主谓宾宾补；Who posted me the letter in the morning?主谓宾宾。句子I like playing the piano.是主谓宾结构，B选项与其结构相同。故选B。 48．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “People have sweet memories of summer days.”? A．All the birds fly far away. B．Farmers are busy working in the fields. C．Warm and sunny days make people very happy. D．People enjoy the cool wind on summer afternoons. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下面哪一句和“People have sweet memories of summer days.”有相同的句子结构？ 考查句子结构。All the birds fly far away.主谓结构；Farmers are busy working in the fields.主系表结构；Warm and sunny days make people very happy.主谓宾+宾补结构；People enjoy the cool wind on summer afternoons.主谓宾结构。“People have sweet memories of summer days.”是主谓宾结构，与选项D结构相同。故选D。 49．Which of the following sentences has the same structure as “Farmers harvest crops”? A．The music sounds terrible. B．They listened carefully. C．Hobo built Eddie a tent. D．The clouds covered the sun. 【答案】D 【详解】句意：下面哪个句子与“Farmers harvest crops”结构相同？ 考查句子结构。The music sounds terrible.是主系表结构；They listened carefully.是主谓结构；Hobo built Eddie a tent.是主谓双宾结构；The clouds covered the sun.是主谓宾结构。“Farmers harvest crops”是主谓宾的结构，与D选项相同，故选D。 50．Farmers harvest crops. The structure of the sentence is_________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+P 【答案】A 【详解】句意：农民收割庄稼。这个句子的结构是S+V+O。 考查句子结构分析。在“Farmers harvest crops.”中，Farmers是句子的主语，harvest是谓语动词，crops是宾语。该句子结构为“主语 + 谓语 + 宾语”，即S + V + O 。故选A。 4 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 9 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Starter（1-4） 重点语法：基本句型（四大题型，50题）精讲练 目录 语法知识精讲 1 语法知识精练 2 题型一：主谓句型 2 题型二：主动补（主系表）句型 4 题型三：主谓宾句型 7 题型四：综合巩固练 10 语法知识精讲 基本句型（SV, SVC, SVO） 句型名称 构成 含义 示例 SV（主谓结构） S (subject) + V (verb) 主语做什么，什么动作发生在主语身上 The bus stops. The school gate opens. SVC（主动补结构） S (subject) + V (linking verb) + C (complement) 主语是什么，怎么样 My favourite colour is green. The dress looks nice! We are middle school students. SVO（主谓宾结构） S (subject) + V (verb) + O (object) 主语对宾语做了什么动作 Yiming opens the schoolbag. Bailing asks a question. The students are introducing themselves. 语法知识精练 题型一：主谓句型 1．What is the sentence pattern of the sentence “They are swimming in the river now.”? A．S+V+P B．S+V C．S+V+O D．S+V+O+OC 2．The sentence structure of “They are playing on the playground.” is ______ . A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+OD +OC 3．What’s the sentence structure of “The old man walks in the park”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 4．—What’s the structure of the sentence “It was snowing heavily at this time yesterday”? —It is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+IO+OC 5．What’s the sentence structure of “The book sells well”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 6．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as“The children are playing happily on the playground.”? A．Some children are playing football. B．They are passing the ball to each other. C．The coach teaches them to work as a team. D．They are listening carefully around the coach. 7．Millie is sleeping. The sentence structure is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+DO C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 8．—What is the sentence structure of “They painted in the room yesterday afternoon.”? —I think it’s ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 9．The temperature drops. The structure of the sentence is ________. A．S+V+DO B．S+V C．S+V+P D．S+V+DO+OC 10．The sentence structure of “She is walking along the lake.” is ________. A．S+V+O B．S+V C．S+V+DO+OC D．S+V+P 题型二：主动补（主系表）句型 11．Our P.E. teacher ________ strong and he ________ a big nose. A．is; has B．has; is C．is; is D．has; has 12．—Why ________ Jim look happy today? —He ________ happy because he does badly in Maths today. A．doesn’t; isn’t B．isn’t; doesn’t C．doesn’t; doesn’t D．isn’t; isn’t 13．Most of the water in this lake ________ dirty. How can we deal with it? A．have B．has C．are D．is 14．The sentence pattern of “His face turned red.” is ________. A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 15．Which is the sentence pattern of “The bike is new.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 16．That pair of trousers ________ Bob’s. A．is B．are C．do D．does 17．Tom and Peter ________ in their room. They ________ a tidy room. A．are; are B．are; have C．have; are D．have; have 18．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “Ice cream tastes nice.” A．Wolves can see and smell things far away. B．The bell sounded for lunch at the end of the class. C．Apples quickly turn brown after being left in the air for a while. D．The mother looked angrily at her daughter’s paper full of mistakes. 19．What is the sentence pattern of “The dish smells terrible”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 20．The sentence structure of “You looked unhappy this morning” is ________. A．S+V+IO +DO B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+DO D．S+V+P 题型三：主谓宾句型 21．Which is the sentence pattern of the sentence “Wendy will help me.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+O+OC 22．Which of the following is WRONG? A．Standing at the table was a famous pianist. B．This theme park offers free entry to children under 10. C．He has the ability to say a fable in a vivid and interesting way. D．When I passed by the window, I noticed the students having a science lesson. 23．Which of the following sentences follows the structure S+V+O? A．Dolphins swim fast. B．The dress looks shiny in the sun. C．Peter built his dog a house. D．The volunteers are cleaning the street. 24．Which of the following sentence does fit the sentence structure “S＋V＋O”? A．Actions speak louder than words. B．East or west, home is best. C．A friend in need is a friend indeed. D．Care and diligence bring luck. 25．The sentence pattern of “I enjoy living in Lanzhou” is ________ . A．S+V+O B．S+V+P C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+DO+OC 26．下面句子属于主谓宾结构的是________。 A．Those are my brothers. B．There is a bag on my desk. C．Cindy drinks milk every day. D．Have a nice day! 27．下列含有主谓宾成分的句子是 ________ 选项。 A．I have a very nice dress. B．They are my parents. C．It’s easy for me to play soccer. D．Let’s go to play basketball. 28．Which of the following sentences is “S+V+O”? A．He looks tired. B．What did she give you? C．I want a cup of coffee. D．The boy fell from his bike just now. 29．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O” (主谓宾)? A．Hangzhou is a beautiful city. B．The 20th Asian Games will take place in Japan. C．Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games. D．I buy my parents two tickets. 30．Which is the pattern (句型) of the sentence “Wendy always helps me.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+C D．V+O 题型四：综合巩固练 31．What is the sentence pattern of “They laughed.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+C+OC 32．Which of the following sentences has the structure of “S+V+P”? A．It is an ideal place for wild birds. B．The dolphin is swimming in the pool. C．I found the panda very interesting. D．The bear climbed the tree. 33．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “The idea sounds good.”? A．The wind is blowing hard. B．The story seems interesting. C．Children like flying kites. D．I made Mom a birthday card. 34．Which of the following is the sentence pattern”S+V+P”? A．The old man walks in the park. B．I usually have breakfast at 7:00 C．The bike is new. D．She hopes to see her uncle. 35．Which of the following is RIGHT? A．Your picture is very nice. B．The little girl is crying so sad. C．We can ask people not eat shark fin soup. D．I join the Hiking Club two months ago. 36．What is the sentence pattern of “The food tastes delicious.”? ________ A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+O+OC 37．What’s the structure of the sentence “They are talking happily.”? A．S+V B．S+V+O C．S+V+P D．S+V+IO+DO 38．The structure of “The children are playing in the park now.” belongs to ________. A．S+V B．S +V+O C．S+V+ P D．S +V+DO + OC 39．Which of the following has a different sentence structure? A．All the students laughed. B．Peter is swimming in the pool. C．Eddie is watching Hobo work. D．The temperature will drop below zero. 40．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “Eddie gives Hobo some ice cream.”? A．The clouds became dark. B．Butterflies play among flowers. C．We keep our classroom clean. D．I will buy my mother a present. 41．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “The little girl is cute”? A．Mum and dad gave me nice presents B．The sun was shining. C．We have four seasons. D．Ice cream tastes nice. 42．Which of the following sentence has the same sentence structure as “This kind of food tastes delicious”? A．You can put the dishes in the kitchen B．I often hear someone playing the violin next door. C．Having an ice-cream in the hot summer is really cool. D．Our headmaster will invite a scientist to our school very soon. 43．Which has the same sentence structure as “I don’t know the man with glasses”? A．The man didn’t show her his ID card. B．My mother told me to work hard. C．The children are reading books quietly. D．Molly isn’t teaching the kids a new song. 44．Which of the following sentences has a different sentence structure from the other three? A．My grandmother always cooks me delicious meals on weekends. B．I saw a boy playing basketball in the playground. C．The speech gives him a chance to express his ideas. D．Mrs Li taught herself English at university. 45．Which of the following sentences has the structure (结构) of “S+V+O”? A．Hangzhou is a modern city. B．The 20th Asian Games will take place in Japan. C．Hangzhou held the 19th Asian Games. D．I bought two tickets to the games for my parents. 46．The structure of the sentence “I like English.” is the same as that of ________. A．Hobo brought Eddie his clothes. B．I often see some kids kick the ball in the park. C．The students visited the museum. D．The dish smells good. 47．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “I like playing the piano.”? A．He runs fast every day. B．We watched a film last night. C．He helped me clean the classroom. D．Who posted me the letter in the morning? 48．Which of the following has the same sentence structure as “People have sweet memories of summer days.”? A．All the birds fly far away. B．Farmers are busy working in the fields. C．Warm and sunny days make people very happy. D．People enjoy the cool wind on summer afternoons. 49．Which of the following sentences has the same structure as “Farmers harvest crops”? A．The music sounds terrible. B．They listened carefully. C．Hobo built Eddie a tent. D．The clouds covered the sun. 50．Farmers harvest crops. The structure of the sentence is_________. A．S+V+O B．S+V+DO+OC C．S+V+IO+DO D．S+V+P 6 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 5 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$