Unit 2 Getting along 【词汇】知识点清单2025-2026学年外研版(2024)英语八年级上册

2025-08-14
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《外研版初中英语八年级上册2025新版》 Unit 2 Getting along 【词汇】知识点清单 1. large /lɑːdʒ/     【释义】adj. 巨大的,大的     【拓展】比较级:larger;最高级:largest;近义词:big, huge     【短语】a large number of 大量的;许多的;as large as 和……一样大     【例句】 A large number of students like playing basketball. 许多学生喜欢打篮球。  This box is as large as that one. 这个盒子和那个一样大。  2. shout /ʃaʊt/     【释义】v. 大声说,喊叫,呼喊     【拓展】shout n. 喊叫(声),呼叫(声)     【短语】shout at 对……大声叫嚷;shout out 大声说出     【例句】 Don’t shout at the children. 别对孩子们大声叫嚷。  He shouted out the answer. 他大声说出了答案。  3. gate /ɡeɪt/     【释义】n.(栅栏或围墙上的)大门     【拓展】近义词:door(通常指房间的门)     【短语】at the gate of 在……的门口;open the gate 打开大门     【例句】 We will meet at the gate of the park. 我们将在公园门口集合。  Please open the gate for me. 请为我打开大门。  4. build /bɪld/     【释义】v. 建造,盖;造     【拓展】过去式/过去分词:built;building n. 建筑物;楼房     【短语】build a house 建造房子; build up 增强;逐步建立;积累; build... into... 把……建成……;使成为……的一部分     【例句】 They hired a contractor to build a house with a garden. 他们雇了一位承包商来建造一所带花园的房子。   Regular exercise can build up your strength. 经常锻炼可以增强你的体力。    They built the small room into a study. 他们把这个小房间改建成了书房。  5. since /sɪns/     【释义】prep. 自从……以来;自从……之后     【拓展】还可作连词,引导时间状语从句或原因状语从句     【短语】since then 从那时起; It’s + 时间段 + since + 一般过去时从句. 自从……以来已经多长时间了     【例句】I have lived here since then. 从那时起我就住在这里。   It’s two years since I came to this school. 自从我来到这所学校已经两年了。  He has been living in England since 2008. 他自2008年起就住在英格兰。   I’ve known him for ten years. 我认识他已经十年了。  6. nor /nɔː(r)/     【释义】conj. 也不     【拓展】用于否定句之后,引导另一含相似意义的否定句,句子要部分倒装; 常与 neither 连用,构成“neither… nor…”结构,表示“既不……也不……”,连接两个并列成分(连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词遵循“就近原则”)     【短语】neither… nor… 既不……也不……     【例句】I have never been to Paris, nor have I been to London. 我从未去过巴黎,也没去过伦敦。                   He didn’t see the film, nor did his sister. 他没看那部电影,他妹妹也没看。  Neither he nor I am a teacher. 他和我都不是老师。  He likes neither apples nor bananas. 他既不喜欢苹果也不喜欢香蕉。  7. hole /həʊl/     【释义】n. 洞,孔,坑     【短语】dig a hole 挖一个洞;in the hole 在洞里;处于困境     【例句】 The children are digging a hole in the sand. 孩子们正在沙子里挖洞。   The rabbit is in the hole. 兔子在洞里。   He is in the hole because of his debt. 他因为债务陷入困境。  8. glad /ɡlæd/     【释义】adj. 高兴的,开心的     【拓展】同义词:happy, pleased     【短语】be glad to do sth. 很高兴做某事;be glad + that 从句 很高兴……     【例句】 I’m glad to meet you. 很高兴见到你。   I’m glad that you passed the exam. 我很高兴你通过了考试。  9. knock /nɒk/     【释义】v. 碰撞;碰倒,撞倒     【短语】knock at/on 敲(门、窗等);          knock down 摧毁,拆毁(建筑物或其中一部分)     【例句】 Someone is knocking at the door. 有人在敲门。   They are going to knock down the old building. 他们打算拆除这座旧建筑。  10. afraid /əˈfreɪd/      【释义】adj. 害怕的,恐惧的      【短语】be afraid of 害怕……;担心……; be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事; I’m afraid... 恐怕……;我想……(用于礼貌地表达可能令人不快的消息)  【例句】 She is afraid of dogs.她害怕狗。     He is afraid to speak in public.他不敢在公众场合讲话。     I’m afraid I can’t come tomorrow.恐怕我明天来不了。  11. message /ˈmesɪdʒ/      【释义】n.(电影、书籍、讲话等的)要旨,主题思想,寓意;消息,信息      【短语】leave a message 留言;留口信;take a message 捎口信;带信  【例句】 The message of the story is that we should be kind to others. 这个故事的寓意是我们应该善待他人。     Can you leave a message for him?你能给他留个口信吗?     Please take a message for me.请帮我捎个口信。  12. double /ˈdʌbl/      【释义】adj. 双倍的,两倍的      【拓展】double v. 加倍;是……的两倍      【短语】double room 双人房;double sth. 使某物加倍  【例句】 We’d like a double room. 我们想要一间双人房。  The price of the house has doubled in the past few years. 在过去几年里,房价翻了一番。  13. introduction /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃn/      【释义】n. 介绍;引言;开始      【拓展】introduce v. 介绍;引进      【短语】an introduction to ……的引言;……的入门; give an introduction 作介绍  【例句】 This book is an introduction to English grammar. 这本书是英语语法入门。   He gave a brief introduction about himself. 他做了一个简短的自我介绍。  14. return /rɪˈtɜːn/      【释义】v. 返回,回来,回去      【拓展】return n. 返回;归还;同义词:go back(返回),give back(归还)      【短语】return to 回到;return sth. to sb. 把某物归还给某人  【例句】 He returned to his hometown last year. 他去年回到了家乡。  Could you return this jacket to its owner? 你能把这件夹克还给它的主人吗?  15. lively /ˈlaɪvli/      【释义】adj. 充满活力的,生气勃勃的      【拓展】近义词:active, energetic;比较级:livelier;最高级:liveliest  【例句】 The party was very lively. 聚会非常热闹。     She has a lively personality. 她性格活泼。     The teacher told a lively story. 老师讲了一个生动的故事。  16. theirs /ðeəz/      【释义】pron. 他们的,她们的(用于指代属于前面所提之人的东西)      【拓展】名词性物主代词,相当于“their + 名词”  【例句】 The house is theirs. = The house is their house.这所房子是他们的。  17. grade /ɡreɪd/      【释义】n. 年级;成绩,分数      【拓展】作动词时,意为“评分;分级”      【短语】in Grade + 基数词 在几年级;in (the) + 序数词 grade 在几年级  【例句】 He is in Grade Eight. 他在八年级。     Sam is in (the) second grade. 萨姆读二年级。  18. article /ˈɑːtɪkl/      【释义】n.(报刊的)文章,论文      【短语】write an article 写一篇文章;read an article 读一篇文章  【例句】 He is writing an article about environmental protection. 他正在写一篇关于环境保护的文章。    I read an interesting article in the newspaper. 我在报纸上读到一篇有趣的文章。  19. priceless /ˈpraɪsləs/      【释义】adj. 极其贵重的;无价的      【拓展】词根:price;反义词:worthless(无价值的)  【例句】 This painting is priceless. 这幅画是无价之宝。   The friendship between us is priceless. 我们之间的友谊是无价的。  20. offer /ˈɒfə(r)/      【释义】v. 提供,给予      【短语】offer sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物;offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事  【例句】 The hotel offers a free breakfast to its guests. 这家酒店为客人提供免费早餐。     He offered to help me with my homework. 他主动提出帮我做作业。  21. plan /plæn/      【释义】n. 计划      【拓展】plan v. 计划;打算;过去式/过去分词:planned;现在分词:planning      【短语】make a plan 制定计划;plan to do sth. 计划做某事  【例句】 We need to make a plan for the summer vacation. 我们需要为暑假制定一个计划。     I plan to go to the park this weekend. 我计划这个周末去公园。 22. quite /kwaɪt/     【释义】adv. 很;较为     【拓展】近义词:fairly、rather;可修饰形容词、副词原级     【短语】quite a few 相当多;不少(后接可数名词复数); quite a little 相当多;不少(后接不可数名词)     【例句】 There are quite a few students in the library. 图书馆里有不少学生。  He has quite a little money. 他有不少钱。  23. stressed /strest/     【释义】adj. 焦虑的,紧张的,无法放松的     【拓展】stress v. 强调;使紧张     【短语】be stressed out 极度焦虑;紧张不安; feel stressed 感到紧张; be stressed about sth. 为某事焦虑     【例句】 She is stressed out because of the coming exam. 因为即将到来的考试,她极度焦虑。   I feel stressed when I have too much homework. 当我有太多作业时,我会感到压力。  24. recently /ˈriːsntli/     【释义】adv. 最近,近来,不久前     【拓展】近义词:lately;常用于现在完成时或一般过去时的句子中     【例句】I have read a good book recently. 我最近读了一本好书。  She came back recently. 她不久前回来了。  25. online /ˈɒnlaɪn/     【释义】adv. 从网上,在网上     【拓展】online adj. 在线的;联网的     【短语】go online 上网;online shopping 网上购物     【例句】 He goes online to search for information. 他上网查找信息。  Online shopping is very convenient. 网上购物非常方便。  26. personal /ˈpɜːsənəl/     【释义】adj. 个人的,私人的     【拓展】person n. 人;personally adv. 就个人而言;亲自     【短语】personal information 个人信息;personal experience 个人经历     【例句】 You should protect your personal information. 你应该保护好自己的个人信息。   He shared his personal experience with us. 他和我们分享了他的个人经历。  27. narrow /ˈnærəʊ/     【释义】adj. 狭窄的     【拓展】反义词:wide(宽阔的);narrow v. (使)变窄;缩小     【短语】a narrow street 一条狭窄的街道     【例句】 The street is too narrow for two cars to pass. 这条街道太窄,两辆车无法并行通过。  The old town has many narrow streets. 这个古老小镇有许多狭窄的街道。  28. lane /leɪn/     【释义】n. ……巷(常用于路名中)     【短语】in the lane 在小巷里;down the lane 沿着小巷     【例句】 The children were playing in the lane. 孩子们在小巷里玩耍。   Down the lane, there is a small shop. 沿着小巷下去,有一家小商店。  29. unit /ˈjuːnɪt/     【释义】n.(计量用的)单位     【短语】a unit of length 长度单位;unit test 单元测试     【例句】 Meter is a unit of length. 米是一种长度单位。   We will have a unit test next Monday. 我们下周一将有一次单元测试。  30. perhaps /pəˈhæps/     【释义】adv. 可能,大概,也许     【拓展】近义词:maybe、possibly     【例句】 Perhaps he will come tomorrow. 也许他明天会来。  This is perhaps her finest novel yet. 这或许是她迄今为止最好的一部小说。  31. argue /ˈɑːɡjuː/     【释义】v. 争论,争吵     【拓展】argument n. 争论;论点     【短语】argue with sb. 与某人争吵;argue about sth. 就某事争论     【例句】 Don’t argue with your parents. 不要和你的父母争吵。   They are arguing about the plan. 他们在就这个计划争论。  32. divide /dɪˈvaɪd/     【释义】v.(把……)分开     【拓展】过去式/过去分词:divided;现在分词:dividing;division n. 分开;除法     【短语】divide... into... 把……分成……; be divided by 被……除;被……划分; dividing line n. 分界线,界限     【例句】 Divide the cake into four pieces. 把蛋糕分成四块。  The mountain is the dividing line between the two countries. 这座山是两国之间的分界线。  33. agreement /əˈɡriːmənt/     【释义】n.(意见的)一致,相合     【拓展】agree v. 同意,赞同;反义词:disagreement     【短语】in agreement 意见一致;reach an agreement 达成协议     【例句】 We are all in agreement on this plan. 我们对这个计划意见一致。   The two sides finally reached an agreement. 双方最终达成了协议。  34. relative /ˈrelətɪv/     【释义】n. 家人;亲戚     【拓展】relative adj. 相对的;比较的     【短语】close relative 近亲;visit relatives 拜访亲戚     【例句】 He is my close relative. 他是我的近亲。  We often visit our relatives during the Spring Festival. 春节期间我们经常拜访亲戚。  35. government /ˈɡʌvənmənt/     【释义】n. 政府     【拓展】govern v. 统治;管理     【短语】the local government 当地政府;government policy 政府政策     【例句】 The local government is responsible for many things. 地方政府负责很多事务。  The new government policy will benefit the people. 新的政府政策将惠及民众。  36. poem /ˈpəʊɪm/     【释义】n. 诗;韵文     【拓展】poet n. 诗人     【短语】write a poem 写一首诗;recite a poem 背诵一首诗     【例句】 She likes to write poems in her free time. 她喜欢在空闲时间写诗。   The students are reciting a poem. 学生们正在背诵一首诗。  37. inside /ˌɪnˈsaɪd/     【释义】adv. 在(容器或其他封闭的空间)里面;往里面     【拓展】反义词:outside;还可作介词、名词和形容词     【短语】go inside 进去;inside out 里面朝外;彻底地;inside of 在……里面     【例句】 Let’s go inside the house. 咱们进屋吧。   She wore her T-shirt inside out. 她把 T 恤衫穿反了。  38. neighbour /ˈneɪbə(r)/     【释义】n. 邻居,邻人     【短语】a good neighbour 一位好邻居;neighbourhood n. 街坊;居民区     【例句】 We should be good neighbours. 我们应该做个好邻居。   There is a park in our neighbourhood. 我们居民区有个公园。  39. act /ækt/     【释义】n. 行为,行动,动作,举动     【拓展】act v. 行动;做事;表演     【短语】an act of kindness 一个善举;act as 担任;充当     【例句】 Helping the old man is an act of kindness. 帮助这位老人是一个善举。   He acted as our guide during the trip. 旅行中他充当我们的导游。  40. deeply /ˈdiːpli/     【释义】adv. 非常,很深地     【拓展】deep adj. 深的     【短语】be deeply moved 深受感动;think deeply 深思     【例句】 We were deeply moved by the story. 我们被这个故事深深打动了。  We need to think deeply about this problem. 我们需要深入思考这个问题。  41. pass /pɑːs/     【释义】v. 过去,流逝     【短语】pass by 经过;路过;pass on 传递;继续下去;pass away 去世;逝世     【例句】 Time passes quickly. 时间过得很快。    He passed by the bookstore on his way to school. 他在上学路上经过了书店。  42. whenever /wenˈevə(r)/     【释义】conj. 每当     【拓展】同义词:no matter when;引导时间状语从句或让步状语从句     【例句】 Whenever I see him, he is always smiling. 每当我见到他,他总是面带微笑。  Whenever you need me, I will be available. 无论你什么时候需要我,我都会随时待命。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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Unit 2 Getting along 【词汇】知识点清单2025-2026学年外研版(2024)英语八年级上册
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Unit 2 Getting along 【词汇】知识点清单2025-2026学年外研版(2024)英语八年级上册
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Unit 2 Getting along 【词汇】知识点清单2025-2026学年外研版(2024)英语八年级上册
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