Unit 4 Exploring Literature （复习课件）英语译林版2020必修第二册

Unit 4 Exploring literature 复习课件 高一·英语 译林版2020 必修第二册 Exploring literature 学习内容导览 单元知识图谱 2 学习目标 1 3 重点单词 单元语法 6 重点句型 5 7 主题写作 4 重点短语 8 课堂巩固 2 By the end of this unit, we will be able to: 1.  understand the characteristics of outstanding literary works and recognize the significance of reading literary works for self-development. ； 2. understand the expressive features of modal verbs and use them correctly for effective communication; 3.  use key words and useful expressions for reading and writing; 4.  write a short passage introducing a renowned modern Chinese writer. 学习目标 3 单元知识图谱 Be sporty, be healthy Phrases Key words Grammar Writing devote, literature, appeal, determine, significant, description, sensitive, reflect, capable, awaken, launch, permanence, element, universal, summary, feature, issue, context, specific, particular, collection, section, mean, transport, generosity, chapter, poetry, stage, destroy, defeat, attempt, straighten, confused, flash devote oneself to, in store (for sb), appeal to, in summary, draw on, in particular, clear up, be on the point of doing sth, be sensitive to, be capable of, in summary, remain unnoticed, in the form of, have nothing/something to do with, seek out, reflect on, be well thought of, turn a little on one’s side, pull… over, put all of one’s effort on, right oneself, be on the point of doing sth, Understand the expressive features of modal verbs. Write a short passage introducing a renowned modern Chinese writer. 4 单 词 词性及中文意义 词性及中文意义 appeal vi. 有吸引力; 申诉; 呼吁 n. 吸引力; 申诉; 呼吁 determine vt. 确定; 支配; 决心 vi. 决心 significant adj. 有重要意义的, 显著的 description n. 描述, 形容, 说明 sensitive adj. 感觉敏锐的; 体贴的; 敏感的; 灵敏的 capable adj. 有能力, 有才能; 能力强的 awaken vt. & vi. 唤起, 被唤起; (使) 醒来 launch vt. 使 (船) 下水; 开始从事, 发动 重点单词·会认 5 重点单词·能背 单词 词性及中文意义 permanence n. 永久,持久性 element n. 要素,基本部分 universal adj. 普遍的, 共同的; 普遍存在的 summary n. 总结,概括,概要 feature n. 特色, 特征 vt. 以…为特色, 是…的特征 issue n. 重要议题,争论的问题;问题,担忧;(报刊)一期 vt. 宣布,公布 context n. (事情发生的)背景, 环境, 来龙去脉; 上下文, 语境 specific adj. 特定的; 明确的, 具体的 6 重点单词·能背 单词 词性及中文意义 particular adj. 特别的, 格外的; 特指的; 挑剔的 transport vt. 运输, 运送 n. 交通运输系统; 交通车辆; 运输 stage n. 舞台; 阶段; 步骤 vt. 上演, 举办 defeat vt. 击败, 战胜 n. 失败, 战败; 击败 attempt vt. & n. 努力, 尝试, 试图 straighten vt. 挺直; (使) 变直, 变正 confused adj. 糊涂的, 迷惑的; 不清楚的, 混乱的 flash n. 闪光, 闪现 vt. &vi. (使) 闪光; (使) 闪现 7 语篇助记单词 The Awakening of a Poet   Emma had always been devoted to literature, especially poetry. Its appeal lay in its ability to transport readers to different worlds. One day, she read a particular collection of poems that deeply moved her. The descriptions of nature were so sensitive and vivid that they seemed to awaken something within her. Determined to write her own chapter, Emma launched her first attempt. At first, her drafts were confused, lacking the universal elements that made poetry significant. But she refused to accept defeat. She studied the context and features of great poems, trying to reflect their permanence.  With each rewrite, she straightened her thoughts. A flash of inspiration hit her during a quiet stage by the lake. The specific beauty around her didn’t just mean scenery—it became the section she needed. Her final poem wasn’t just a summary of feelings—it carried the generosity of her soul. Though the journey was extremely challenging, Emma proved she was capable of turning emotions into art. No issue could destroy her passion now. 8 重点单词·用准 devote vt. 致力，献身，倾注 → __________ n. 深爱，挚爱； 奉献，忠心→ _______ adj. 挚爱的，投入的→ ________ adv. 忠 实地 → _______ n. 仰慕者，敬仰者 determine vt. 确定;支配;决心. vi. 决心 → ______________ n.决心， 坚韧,毅力→ __________adj.意志坚定的,有决心的→___________ adv. 意志坚定地→____________n. 限定词→___________ n. 决定论 3. significant adj. 有重要意义的,显著的 →___________ adv. 显著地， 重大地→___________ n. 重要性，意义，含义 devotion devoted devotedly devotee determination determined determinedly determiner determinism significantly significance 9 重点单词·用准 4. describe vt.描述,形容,说明→ __________ n. 描述,形容,说明 → __________ adj. 描写的，描绘的→ __________ adv. 描述性地 → _________ n. 记录器；叙述者 5. sense vt. 感觉到，意识到 n. 感觉，感官，理解力，见识，意思 → __________ adj. 感觉敏锐的;体贴的;敏感的;灵敏的 →___________ adj. 明智的，合理的 →____________adj. 无道理的，无意义的 →___________ n. 感情 →___________ n. 体恤，体贴；敏感性；敏感 6. capable adj. 有能力,有才能;能力强的 → ________ adv.有能力地;能 干地→__________ n. 能力，才能 description descriptive descriptively describer sensitive sensible senseless sensibility sensitivity capably capability 7. awaken vt. & vi. 唤起,被唤起;(使)醒来 → __________ n. 觉醒， 醒悟 （区别 awake vt. 唤醒，醒来；激发起；意识到 (awoke, awoken) adj. 醒着的 8. universe n. 宇宙 → __________ adj. 普遍的,共同的;普遍存在的 → ___________ adv.到处; 一致地; 随时随地; 共同地; 全体地 → __________ n. 大学 9. particular adj. 特别的,格外的;特指的;挑剔的 →___________ adv.特 别地,格外地; 挑剔地 → ____________ n. 特性，特别之处→ ____________ vt. 详述，具体列出，列举 重点单词·用准 awakening universal universally university particularity particularly particularize 重点单词·用准 She is a _______ of the singer, ________ all her free time to supporting him. ________, she follows his concerts, showing determined ________. Her _______ efforts inspire others. (devote 主题：粉丝对偶像的热爱) 她是这位歌手的忠实粉丝，把所有空闲时间都用来支持他。她热切追随他的演唱会，表 现出坚定的热爱。她的专注努力激励着他人。 2. The scientist, a firm believer in ___________, worked ___________ to __________the cause of the phenomenon. His ____________ was the key __________ of success, proving that a __________ mind can overcome any challenge. (determine 主题：科 学家的研究精神) 这位科学家是决定论的坚定信徒，他坚定地努力确定现象的原因。他的决心是成功的关 键因素，证明了一个坚定的头脑可以克服任何挑战。 devotee devoting Devotedly devotion devoted determinism determinedly determine determination determiner determined 学以致用 用所给单词的适当形式填空 4. The travel writer, an excellent _________ , ____________ painted the sunset with vivid   __________ . His __________ account made readers feel present at the scene. (describe 主题：自然景观的描写) 这位游记作家是位出色的描述者，他用生动的文字描绘了日落景象。他细腻的描写让读 者仿佛身临其境。 3. The discovery was significant, ___________ advancing medical research. Experts confirmed its findings be of great ____________, potentially revolutionizing treatment and emphasizing the ___________ of continued innovation. (significant 主题：科学 突破的重要性) 这一发现意义重大，显著推进了医学研究。专家确认其研究成果极为重要，可能带来治 疗革命，并凸显持续创新的重要性。 significantly significance significance describer descriptively description descriptive 13 学以致用 用所给单词的适当形式填空 5. The ______ detected subtle emotions with remarkable _________ , processing data  _________ to avoid _________ errors. Its human-like __________ made interactions feel natural, proving machines can develop emotional sense while remaining  ________ in responses. (sense 主题：人工智能的情感识别) 该传感器以惊人的灵敏度检测细微情绪，敏感地处理数据以避免无意义的错误。它类人 的感知力使交互显得自然，证明机器既能培养情感感知，又能保持理智回应。 6. The rescue team proved capable of handling emergencies, performing _______ under extreme conditions. Their quick response demonstrated exceptional _________, saving all survivors efficiently. (capable 主题：救援行动的成功) 救援团队展现了处理紧急情况的能力，在极端条件下表现出色。他们快速的反应显示出 非凡的专业素养，高效地救出了所有幸存者。 sensor sensitivity sensitively senseless sensibility sensible capably capability 14 学以致用 用所给单词的适当形式填空 7. The documentary __________  many to environmental issues. Though ___________ , Mark _____ up to the crisis. Now fully awake, he works to _______  others to climate change. (awake 主题： 环保意识的觉醒) 这部纪录片唤醒了很多人对环保问题的意识。虽然半梦半醒，马克还是认识到了危机。 现在他完全清醒，努力唤醒他人关注气候变化。 8. The universe fascinates scientists __________. At the _________, researchers study its ________ laws, hoping to untie cosmic mysteries that unite all humanity. (universe 主题：宇宙探索的普遍意义) 宇宙让全球科学家为之着迷。在大学里，研究者们探索着宇宙的普遍规律，希望解开这 些联结全人类的宇宙奥秘。 awakened half-awake woke awaken universally university universal 15 学以致用 用所给单词的适当形式填空 9. The artist paid particular attention to details, ___________he play of light. Her work’s ___________lies in how she ____________ ordinary scenes, in ________ capturing fleeting emotions. (particular 主题：艺术创作的独特性) 这位艺术家特别注重细节，尤其是光线的运用。她作品的独特性在于如何细化平凡场 景，特别是捕捉转瞬即逝的情感。 particularly particularity particularizes particular 16 重点单词详解 动 词 有吸引力;申诉;呼吁 The idea of traveling around the world appeals to me. 环游世界的想法很吸引我。 They appealed to the public to help find the missing child.他们呼吁公众帮忙寻找失踪的孩子。 He decided to appeal against the verdict. 他决定对判决提出上诉。 名 词 吸引力;申诉;呼吁 The charity made an appeal for donations. 该慈善机构呼吁捐款。 The judge rejected his appeal.法官驳回了他的上诉。 Her singing has a strong emotional appeal. 她的歌声具有很强的感染力。 常 见 搭 配 appeal to sb 吸引某人；向某人呼吁 appeal for sth 恳求/呼吁某事 file an appeal 提出上诉 have (wide/great) appeal 有（广泛的）吸引力 ❌ "This music appeals me."（错误，缺少介词） ✅ "This music appeals  to me."（正确） appeal 17 重点单词详解 动 词 以…为特色,是…的特征；主演；由...担任主角 The festival features artists from 20 countries. 本届艺术节的亮点是汇聚了20个国家的艺术家。 The film features Tom Hanks as a war hero. 汤姆·汉克斯在片中领衔饰演一名战争英雄。 名 词 特色,特征；专题报道；特写；五官的）部位 The smartphone's key feature is its foldable screen. 这部智能手机主要特色就是可折叠屏。 The magazine published a feature on climate change. 这本杂志出了一期气候变化的专题报道。 Her delicate facial features impressed the artist. 她精致的五官给艺术家留下了深刻的印象。 常 见 搭 配 safety features 安全特性 geographical features 地理特征 highlight a feature 强调某一特点 lack features 缺乏功能 unique feature 独特之处 optional feature 可选功能 feature 误用: “This book features about modern art.” ❌ 正解: "This book features modern art." (动词后直接接宾语，无需介词) 歧义: “She has strong features.” 可能指 五官立体（名词）或 性格鲜明（需上下文判断）。 18 重点单词详解 名 词 动 词 宣布,公布 The bank will issue new credit cards next month. 银行将于下个月发行新信用卡。 The teacher issued the exam papers to the students. 老师把考卷分发给学生。 The city issued a permit for the new building. 市政府批准了新建筑的许可证。 常 见 搭 配 social/political issue 社会/政治问题 address an issue解决问题 back issue 往期出版物(current issue最新一期) special issue 特刊 issue a statement 发布声明 issue a warning 发出警告 issue 重要议题,争论的问题; 问题,担忧; (报刊)一期 Climate change is a major global issue. 气候变化是一个重大的全球性问题。 The latest issue of the magazine focuses on technology. 这本杂志的最新一期聚焦科技。 The government announced the issue of new passports. 政府宣布新护照的发行。 19 重点单词详解 形 容 词 吝啬的, 小气的; 不善良的, 刻薄的；平均的 Don’t be so mean to your little brother. 别对你弟弟这么刻薄。 He’s too mean to buy us a coffee. 他小气到连杯咖啡都不愿请我们喝。 The mean score of the class was 75. 班级的平均分是75分。 动 词 表示…的意思；意指；打算；意味着 What does this word mean? 这个词是什么意思？ I didn’t mean to hurt you. 我不是故意伤害你的。 His silence means that he disagrees. 他的沉默意味着他不同意。 常 见 搭 配 mean to do sth 打算做某事 mean sth by... 通过…表示某意思 mean doing/that... 意味着… be mean to sb 对某人刻薄 mean-spirited 心胸狭隘的 mean temperature 平均温度 mean 20 重点单词详解 动 词 /trænˈspɔːt/ 运输,运送 The goods will be  transported by sea. 这些货物将通过海运运输。 In the 19th century, many criminals were transported to Australia. 19世纪，许多罪犯被流放到澳大利亚。 The injured man was transported to the hospital by helicopter. 伤者被直升机送往医院。 名 词 /ˈtrænspɔːt/ 交通运输系统;交通车辆;运输 The city’s public transport is very efficient. 这座城市的公共交通非常高效。 Air transport is the fastest way to deliver goods. 空运是最快的货物运输方式。 The transport of hazardous materials is strictly regulated. 危险品的运输受到严格监管。 常 见 搭 配 public transport 公共交通 transport system 交通系统 air/road/rail transport 航空/公路/铁路运输 transport costs运输成本 transport sth/sb to...将某物/某人运送到… be transported by truck/train/ship通过卡车/火车/船只运输 transport 21 重点单词详解 名 词 舞台; 阶段; 步骤 The actor walked on stage and began his performance.演员走上舞台，开始表演。 The disease is still in its  early stage, so it’s treatable.这种疾病仍处于早期阶段，因此可以治疗。 The agreement set the stage for future cooperation.该协议为未来的合作奠定了基础。 动 词 上演,举办 The students staged a protest  against the new policy. 学生们组织了一场抗议活动，反对新政策。 The theater will stage Shakespeare’s  Hamlet next month. 剧院下个月将上演莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》。 After years of retirement, the singer staged a successful comeback. 隐退多年后，这位歌手成功复出。 常 见 搭 配 on stage 在舞台上 off stage 舞台下；幕后 set the stage for... 为…创造条件/奠定基础 early/later stage 早期/后期阶段 stage performance 舞台表演 stage a protest 组织抗议活动 stage a play 上演一部戏剧 stage a comeback 复出；东山再起 stage 22 重点单词详解 名 词 失败, 战败; 击败 After three losses, he finally admitted defeat.三次失败后，他终于认输了。 The army suffered a  crushing defeat in the battle. 军队在战斗中遭遇惨败。 This election defeat was a big blow to the party.这次选举失败对该党是一个重大打击。 动 词 击败, 战胜; 挫折, 败北 Our team defeated theirs in the final match. 我们队在决赛中击败了他们队。 The bill was defeated in Parliament by 20 votes. 该法案以20票之差在议会中被否决。 His plan was defeated by lack of funding. 他的计划因资金不足而失败。 常 见 搭 配 defeat an opponent 战胜对手 defeat a proposal 否决提案 be defeated by...被...击败 narrowly defeat 险胜 admit defeat 认输 suffer a defeat 遭受失败 a crushing/heavy defeat惨败 turn defeat into victory 反败为胜 defeat 23 重点单词详解 名 词 努力,尝试,试图 She passed the exam on her first attempt. 她第一次尝试就通过了考试。 The police prevented an attempt on the president’s life. 警方挫败了一起刺杀总统的企图。 Despite numerous  attempts, he couldn’t solve the problem. 尽管多次尝试，他仍未能解决这个问题。 动 词 努力,尝试,试图 He attempted to climb the mountain alone. 他试图独自攀登那座山。 The prisoner attempted an escape  but failed. 囚犯试图逃跑，但失败了。 Doctors are attempting a new treatment for the disease. 医生们正在尝试一种治疗该疾病的新方法。 常 见 搭 配 make an attempt 尝试 attempt on sb’s life 谋杀某人的企图 at the first attempt 第一次尝试时 a failed/successful attempt 失败/成功的尝试 attempt to do sth 尝试做某事 attempt sth 尝试某事 attempt an escape/ rescue 试图逃跑/营救 attempt 24 重点单词详解 名 词 闪光, 闪现, 闪烁;（想法、记忆的）闪现; 闪光灯（摄影用）; 简短新闻快报 There was a bright flash of light. 有一道明亮的闪光。 The answer came to me in a flash. 答案瞬间浮现在我脑海中。 We interrupt the program for a news flash. 我们插播一条新闻快讯。 动 词 (使) 闪光; (使) 闪现; 闪现, 掠过（想法、记忆等突然出现）; 快速显示, 晃一下（短暂出示某物）; 飞驰，快速移动 Lightning flashed across the sky. 闪电划过天空。 The idea flashed through her mind.这个想法在她脑海中一闪而过。 He flashed his ID card at the guard.他向警卫晃了一下身份证。 The train flashed past the station. 火车飞速驶过车站。 常 见 搭 配 flash by/past 飞速掠过 flash a smile 露出微笑 flash one's headlights闪动车头灯 flash through one's mind 在脑海中闪现 a flash of lightning 一道闪电 in a flash 瞬间 news flash 新闻快讯 flash photography 闪光灯摄影 flash 25 重点短语 1. stand the test of time 经受住时间的考验 2. devote oneself to 致力, 专心, 献身 in store (for sb) 即将发生 (在某人身上), 等待着 (某人) 4. appeal to 吸引, 申诉, 呼吁 5. in summary 总的来说 6. draw on 凭借, 利用 7. in particular 尤其, 特别 8. clear up (头脑) 清醒; 使整洁, 清理 9. be on the point of doing sth 正要做某事, 这时…… 26 重点短语 10. be sensitive to 对…敏感；易于感知…；体恤… 11. be capable of 能够…；有能力… 12. in summary 总的来说 13. in a flash 一瞬间；转眼间；刹那间 14. remain unnoticed 未被发现，被忽视 15. in forms of / in the form of 以……形式 16. have nothing/something to do with 与……无/有关 17. seek out 找出，搜出 18. reflect on 反思，仔细思考 重点短语 19. be well thought of 受到好评， 值得高度评价 20. turn a little on one’s side 稍微侧身 21. pull… over 把……拉过来 22. put all of one’s effort on 尽全力 23. right oneself 摆正自己的身子 24. in the hope for 希望得到 25. have a right to do sth. 有权力做某事 语篇助记短语听写 The Old Violinist’s Gift Mr. Clark, an aging violinist, had devoted himself to street performances for decades. Though his classical style didn’t appeal to modern crowds, his music stood the test of time—a fact known only to those sensitive to its depth.  One rainy evening, as he was on the point of packing up, a shivering girl paused by his case. "Your song...it has something to do with my grandma’s music box," she stammered. Moved, Mr. Clark drew on his worn notebook and played a folk tune in the form of a musical reply. In a flash, the girl’s phone flashlight pulled others over, creating an impromptu stage.  Reflecting on this later, he realized great art often remains unnoticed until the right moment. Now seeking out young collaborators, he put all his effort on blending traditions—in particular, adapting classics for digital media. In summary, though he’d once turned a little on his side against change, life had in store a final act: proving true music is capable of bridging all ages. Behind every book is a man, behind the man is the race, and behind the race are the natural and social environments.  （教材p44） 重点句型 译文：每本书背后都有一个人，此人身后是一个族群，这个族群背后是自然和社会环境。 句子结构分析：这个句子是一个包含多层递进关系的句子，三个并列分句通过“behind”的重复使用构成。修辞上从书→人→种族→环境，逐层揭示更深层动因；连续三个“behind”引导分句，增强节奏感；使用倒装结构，突出每个层次的前提性，形成“揭开面纱”的阅读效果。其因果关系如下：书籍内容（表层）← 作者（直接创造者）← 族群背景（文化基因）← 环境（根本塑造力） 当堂仿写 1).  Before every decision is a thought, before the thought is a desire, and before the desire are the instincts and experiences. 每个决定之前是思想，思想之前是欲望，欲望之前是本能与经历。 2). 每场风暴过后是平静，平静过后是新生，新生之后是成长与改变。 After every storm comes calm, after the calm comes renewal, and after renewal comes growth and change. 3). Beyond the words lies meaning, beyond the meaning lies intention, and beyond the intention lies the heart of the speaker. 言语之外是意义，意义之外是意图，意图之外是说话者的本心。 重点句型 In summary, literature is the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty, the written record of man's thoughts and feelings, and the history of the human soul.（教材p 45） 句子结构分析：这个句子是主系表结构，含三个并列的表语，通过平行结构来增强表达效果。主语Literature，系动词is，表语是三个并列的名词短语 “the expression of life in forms of truth and beauty”， “the written record of man’s thoughts and feelings”，和 “the history of the human soul”。修辞上使用隐喻，将文学比作“表达”“记录”和“历史”；三个表语逐步深化，从外在形式（truth and beauty）到内在精神（human soul）。这类句子可用于学术写作、演讲或评论，适合阐述某一概念的多元维度。 译文：总之，文学以真和美的形式对生命的表达，是人类思想和感情的写照，是人类灵魂的历史。 32 仿写 试译 1). In summary, art is the reflection of reality through imagination, the visual language of human emotions, and the timeless dialogue between creator and observer. 总之，艺术是通过想象对现实的反映，是人类情感的视觉语言，是创作者与观 者之间永恒的对话。 2). In summary, music is the harmony of sounds that stirs the soul, the universal expression of joy and sorrow, and the invisible thread connecting all cultures. 总之，音乐是触动灵魂的声音和谐，是欢乐与悲伤的普世表达，是连接所有文 化的无形纽带。 3). In summary, science is the systematic exploration of nature's laws, the accumulated knowledge of human curiosity, and the foundation for future innovation. 总之，科学是对自然法则的系统探索，是人类好奇心的知识积累，是未来创新 的基石。 重点句型 3. When Christopher Marlowe's Doctor Faustus asks in the presence of Helen, "Was this the face that launched a thousand ships?" he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new world, a world of love, beauty and heroism.（教材p45） 译文：当克里斯托弗·马洛笔下的浮士德博士当着海伦的面问道：“这就是那张让上千艘战舰为之起航的面孔吗？”他便打开了一扇门，通过这扇门，我们的想象力进入了一个充满爱、美和英雄主义的新世界。 句子结构分析：这是一个复合句，包含时间状语从句 (When...) 和主句 (he opens...)；主句还有一个同位语结构 (a world of love, beauty and heroism) 进一步补充说明。时间状语从句“When Christopher Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus asks in the presence of Helen, “Was this the face that launched a thousand ships?”，主句“he opens a door through which our imagination enters a new world”，其中含有一个定语从句through which our imagination enters a new world，修饰 a door，说明这扇门的作用； 34 当堂仿写 1). 关于莎士比亚《哈姆雷特》 When Hamlet murmurs to Yorick's skull, "Alas, poor Yorick! I knew him," he cracks open a window into the human condition, a realm of mortality, memory, and the absurdity of existence. 当哈姆雷特对着约里克的骷髅低语：“唉，可怜的约里克！我认识他。”时，他撬开了一扇窥探人类境遇的窗——一个关于死亡、记忆与存在荒诞的领域。 2). 关于《了不起的盖茨比》 When Nick Carraway observes Gatsby stretching his arms toward the green light, "He stretched out his arms toward the dark water in a curious way," he unveils a symbol of the American Dream, a mirage of desire, hope, and inevitable disillusion. 当尼克·卡拉威看着盖茨比朝绿光伸出双臂，“他以一种奇怪的方式朝幽暗的水面伸出双臂”时，他揭示了一个美国梦的象征——一场关于欲望、希望与必然幻灭的海市蜃楼。 自我挑战 Challenge Yourself 1. ______: Snail → Bark : Tree 2. ______: Body → Essence : Form 3. _______: Poem → Music : Song 4. Novel : ______→ Painting : Artist 5. ________: Novel → Scene : Play 6. _____: Generation → Barrier : Communication 7. ______: Performer → Canvas : Painter 8. ________: Essay → Trailer : Movie 9. ________: Cocoon → Frog : Tadpole 10. Meaning : ________ → Fish : Water 11. Railway : _________→ Highway : Driving 12. ________: Compound → Letter : Word 13. _______: Conversation → Ingredient : Recipe 14. _______: Thanksgiving → Mooncake : Mid-Autumn Festival Shell Soul Poetry Author Chapter Gap Stage Summary Butterfly Context Transport Element Topic Turkey 单元语法 Can 表示能力、可能性、请求许可或否定推测。 能力：I can swim. 我会游泳。 可能性：It can rain tomorrow. 明天可能会下雨。 请求许可：Can I borrow your pen? 我可以借你的笔吗？ 否定推测： That can't be true! 那不可能是真的！ 情态动词的基本用法 Could 表示过去的“can”、委婉请求、假设或否定推测。 过去能力：She could play the piano when she was five. 她五岁时就会弹钢琴。 委婉请求：Could you help me? 你能帮我吗？ 假设：If I had time, I could travel. 如果有时间，我就能去旅行。 否定推测： He couldn't have stolen the money. 他不可能偷了钱。 May 表示许可或可能性（较正式）。 许可：May I leave early? 我可以提前离开吗？ 可能性：He may arrive late. 他可能会迟到。 单元语法 Might 表示较小的可能性或委婉建议。 可能性：It might snow tonight. 今晚可能会下雪。 建议：You might want to check the details. 你可能需要核对细节。 Must 表示义务、必要性或肯定推测。 义务：You must wear a seatbelt. 你必须系安全带。 肯定推测：She must be tired after work. 她下班后一定很累。 否定形式（mustn't）：表示禁止。 You mustn't smoke here. 这里禁止吸烟。 Ought to 表示责任或建议（语气比should更强）。 责任：You ought to apologize. 你应该道歉。 建议：She ought to see a doctor. 她应该去看医生。 Have to（必须，不得不）表示客观上的“必须”,强调外部规则或义务(must 表主观)。 I have to finish this report by Friday. 我必须在周五前完成这份报告。 You don't have to attend the meeting. 你不必参加会议。 Do we have to wear a uniform? 我们必须穿制服吗？ She had to work late yesterday. 她昨天不得不加班。 单元语法 Shall 用于第一人称（I/we）表示建议或未来意图（较正式）。 建议：Shall we go now? 我们现在走吗？ 未来意图：I shall call you tomorrow. 我明天会给你打电话。 Should 表示建议、义务或合理推测。 建议：You should drink more water. 你应该多喝水。 义务：Students should complete their homework. 学生应该完成作业。 推测：They should arrive by 5 PM. 他们应该在下午5点前到。 Will 表示未来、意愿、承诺或较肯定的未来推测。 未来：She will graduate next year. 她明年毕业。 意愿：I will help you. 我愿意帮你。 推测：She will probably win the competition. 她很可能会赢比赛。 Would 表示过去习惯、委婉请求或假设。 过去习惯：When I was young, I would play outside every day. 小时候我每天都会在外面玩。 委婉请求：Would you mind closing the door? 你介意关上门吗？ 假设：If I were rich, I would travel the world. 如果我有钱，我会环游世界。 单元语法 Dare（敢）表示“敢于”，通常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句。 否定句：He dare not tell the truth. 他不敢说出真相。 疑问句：Dare you jump off the cliff? 你敢跳下悬崖吗？ 条件句：If you dare speak to her like that again, you'll regret it. 如果你敢再那样对她说话，你会后悔的。 Need（需要） 表示“需要”,可以作情态动词或普通动词(主要用于否定句和疑问句) 。 否定句：You need not worry. 你不必担心。 疑问句： Need I explain again? 我需要再解释一遍吗？ 单元语法 推测程度总结（从强到弱）   确定性 情态动词 例句 100% 肯定 must She must be tired. 90% 很可能 should / ought to He should be home by now. 70% 可能 may It may rain tomorrow. 50% 不确定 might / could She might come later. 0% 不可能 can't / couldn't That can't be true! 指出以下短文中情态动词的用法 单元语法检测 A Day in the Life of a Determined Student Li Hua must wake up early every day because his school starts at 7:30. He should prepare his books the night before, but sometimes he forgets. "I ought to be more organized," he thinks, "or I shall be late again tomorrow." At breakfast, his mother says, "You must eat well to stay healthy." Li Hua may not like vegetables, but he knows they are good for him. "Would you like some fruit instead?" his mother asks kindly. On the way to school, Li Hua meets his friend. "Can I walk with you?" he asks. His friend nods, and they chat. Li Hua might be a little late today, but he need not worry - his teacher is usually understanding in the morning. In class, the teacher says, “You must finish this assignment by Friday.” Li Hua worries because he may not have enough time. His friend whispers, "We could study together after school if you'd like." After school, Li Hua thinks, "I should start my homework now." But he might watch a short video first. "I mustn't waste too much time," he reminds himself firmly. Before bed, he plans for tomorrow. “I will try harder,” he promises. His mother smiles and says, “You can do it if you focus. You would make me proud if you keep this determination." 表示委婉请求 表示强烈的必要性 表示建议性义务 表示责任，语气比should更强 用于第一人称表示决心 表示必须遵守的要求 表示可能性 表示请求许可 表示较小的可能性 否定式表示不必 表示强制性要求 表示可能性 表示提议 表示建议 表示犹豫的可能性 表示禁止 表示未来决心 表示能力 表示假设性结果 主题写作 假如你是李华，请给校报英文版写一篇短文，介绍中国作家莫言。字数80左右。开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 1. 相关简介； 2. 主要成就。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 43 主题写作 审题定调 确定主题内容 确定人称/时态 核定表达 Famous writer Mo Yan 44 主题写作 体裁：说明文 主要内容：作家及其成就 相关背景 经典作品 影响 写作顺序/框架/不遗漏要点 审题定调 45 主题写作 1. 按时代或风格划分 古典主义 — Classicism 浪漫主义 — Romanticism 现实主义 — Realism 自然主义 — Naturalism 象征主义 — Symbolism 现代主义 — Modernism 后现代主义 — Postmodernism 2. 按题材或形式划分 诗歌 — Poetry 抒情诗 — Lyric Poetry 史 诗 — Epic Poetry 叙事诗 — Narrative Poetry 小说 — Novel / Fiction 长篇小说 — Novel 中篇小说 — Novella 短篇小说 — Short Story 戏剧 — Drama 悲 剧 — Tragedy 喜 剧 — Comedy 悲喜剧 — Tragicomedy 相关词汇与表达: 文学流派 主题写作 常用词汇 Famous/well-known/renowned writer  著名作家 Literary master  文学大师 Influential figure  有影响力的人物 Classic works  经典作品 Modern literature  现代文学 Contemporary author  当代作家 Nobel Prize in Literature  诺贝尔文学奖 Cultural icon  文化偶像 Prose / Poetry / Fiction  散文 / 诗歌 / 小说 Literary legacy  文学遗产 相 关 词 汇 与 表 达 主题写作 常见短语 one of China’s most celebrated writers  中国最著名的作家之一 known/famous for his/her profound storytelling 以其深刻的故事叙述而闻名 a pioneer of modern Chinese literature  中国现代文学的先驱 his/her works reflect social changes  其作品反映了社会变迁 won numerous literary awards  获得众多文学奖项 blends traditional and modern styles  融合传统与现代风格 explores themes of humanity and society  探讨人性与社会的主题 a household name in Chinese literature  中国文学界家喻户晓的名字 主题写作 经 典 表 达 Lu Xun is regarded as the father of modern Chinese literature, famous for his sharp social criticism. 鲁迅被誉为中国现代文学之父，以其尖锐的社会批判著称。 2. Mo Yan, the Nobel Prize-winning author, is known for his magical realism and vivid storytelling. 诺贝尔奖得主莫言以其魔幻现实主义和生动的叙事而闻名。 3. Eileen Chang (Zhang Ailing) was a brilliant writer whose works captured the complexities of love and urban life in1940s Shanghai. 张爱玲是一位才华横溢的作家，她的作品描绘了20世纪40年代上海爱情与都市生活的复杂性。 4. Ba Jin’s masterpiece Family exposes the conflicts within traditional Chinese families during the early 20th century. 巴金的代表作《家》揭示了20世纪初中国传统家庭内部的矛盾。 5. Yu Hua’s To Live is a powerful novel that depicts the struggles of ordinary people through China’s turbulent history. 余华的《活着》是一部震撼人心的小说，描绘了中国动荡历史中普通人的挣扎。 6. Qian Zhongshu’s Fortress Besieged is a satirical masterpiece, blending humor with deep philosophical insights.钱钟书的《围城》是一部讽刺杰作，融合了幽默与深刻的哲学思考。 参考范文 A Literary Giant of China Mo Yan, born in 1955 in rural Shandong Province, has risen to become one of China's most celebrated contemporary authors. His impoverished childhood and firsthand experiences during China's transformative decades became the fertile soil for his extraordinary literary creations. The writer first gained international acclaim with Red Sorghum, a powerful novel that was later adapted into an award-winning film by director Zhang Yimou. Mo Yan's unique narrative style masterfully weaves magical realism with traditional Chinese storytelling techniques. His crowning achievement came in 2012 when he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, making him the first Chinese national to receive this prestigious honor. Through vivid prose and profound insight, his works explore the complexities of rural Chinese life and universal human conditions. Mo Yan's literary accomplishments have not only earned him worldwide recognition but have also significantly elevated the global status of Chinese literature. 课堂巩固 一、根据语境，用本单元所学单词完成句子。 1. The scientist was ___________ to find a cure for the disease. 2. Her __________ towards strangers made her beloved in the community. 3. The novel’s vivid ____________ of the battlefield left readers in awe. 4. The new policy will _______ next month to address environmental issues. 5. Shakespeare’s works are a ___________ part of English literature. 6. The artist used light and shadow to _______ the mood of the painting. 7. His speech had a universal _______, touching people from all cultures. 8. She has a _________ personality and gets upset easily. 9. The final chapter of the book provides a ________ of the main arguments. 10. The museum’s _________ includes artifacts from ancient civilizations. determined generosity description launch significant reflect appeal sensitive summary collection 课堂巩固 11. Hard work is a key __________ of success in any field. 12. The old bridge was __________ in the storm, cutting off transport. 13. The team refused to accept defeat and made another ________. 14. The sudden _____ of lightning startled everyone. 15. The particular ________ of this phone is its long battery life. 16. He tried to __________ his tie before the interview. 17. The _______ of the conversation made his words more meaningful. 18. The ______ was set for the grand performance. 19. The poetry reading _________ her love for words. 20.The ___________ of the tattoo made her think carefully before getting one. element destroyed attempt flash feature straighten context stage awakened permanence 课堂巩固 二、用恰当的情态动词填空 In our daily lives, we often face situations where we (1) ________ make important decisions. For example, if you want to stay healthy, you (2) ________ exercise regularly. However, some people ignore this and say, “I (3) ________ eat whatever I want!” But doctors warn that junk food (4) ________ harm your body in the long run. When meeting new people, you (5) ________ be polite—you (6) ________ not offend others intentionally. Good manners (7) ________ help you build better relationships. Similarly, in teamwork, you (8) ________ listen to others’ opinions—you (9) ________ always insist on your own ideas. If you dream of success, you (10) ________ work hard. Laziness (11) ________ lead to failure. But remember, you (12) ________ compare yourself to others too much. Everyone has their own strengths, and you (13) ________ focus on your own progress. Parents often ask, “(14) ________ we allow children more freedom?” Experts suggest that kids (15) ________ learn independence, but within safe limits. must/have to should/ought to can/shall should / ought to shall/need may/might/could can/will must/should can’t/shouldn’t/needn’t must/have to will/would shouldn’t/needn’t should/must Shall/Should shall/need 谢谢观看 译林版2020 必修第二册 THANKS 2025 Blues 73560.18 2025 Blues 68570.305 $$