2025-2026学年初高衔接之动词的时态和语态 导学案

初高中英语衔接（四） ——谓语动词的时态和语态导学案 教学内容：动词的分类和形式，动词的时态和语态（一般现在时等4种常用） 教学目标：1.掌握动词的形式变化（三单、过去式、过去分词、现在分词） 2.掌握一般现在时和一般过去时的结构及使用 3.学会现在完成时，现在进行时的结构及相对应的语态 教学重点：1.掌握动词的形式变化（三单、过去式、过去分词、现在分词） 2.掌握一般现在时和一般过去时的结构及使用 一、学前自测： Jenny Jenny _____ (be) a foreign girl. She _______ (come) from the United States. Look, she _____________ (draw) pictures in the living room. Two years ago, her parents _________ (move) to China. Jenny ____________ (not have) any friends, so she _______ (feel) lonely. But now, she _______ (have) many Chinese friends and _______ (study) with them everyday. Jenny ___________ (visit) her grandparents in the United States next month. Questions：句子中都出现了动词的什么形式？（动词分类及形式） 2.句子中用到了什么时态？ 2、 学习提纲 1. 动词的分类 2. 动词的基本形式 形式 变化规则 构成方法 例词 原形 — — see, finish, teach 第三人称单数 一般情况 加-s look—looks, write—__________ 以 ch, sh, s, x 结尾 加-es teach—__________, finish—finishes, guess—guesses, mix—mixes 以 o 结尾 加-es do—does, go—goes 以 “ 辅 音 字 母 ＋y”结尾 变 y 为 i ，加-es try—_________, cry—cries，play? 过去式、 过去分词规则变化 一般情况 加-ed stay—___________, look—looked 以不发音 e 结尾 直接加-d decide—decided, hope—hoped 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ed stop—stopped, admit—_________ 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾 变 y 为 i，加-ed carry—carried, try—__________ destroy—__________，stay—stayed  现在 分词 一般情况 加-ing go—going, read—reading 以不发音 e 结尾 去 e ，再加-ing have—having, write—writing，see—__________ 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双 写 末 尾 的辅 音 字 母 再加-ing cut—cutting, run—running，swim—____________, shop—shopping,begin—__________ Practice 1. 写出下列动词的中文意思、三单、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。 break________________________ hold________________________ bring_______________________ hurt________________________ buy _______________________ lose________________________ choose_______________________ leave________________________ cost_______________________ rise________________________ forget_______________________ set________________________ get_______________________ teach________________________ hang_______________________ write________________________ 3. 动词的时态(写出缺失的时态结构)     一般 进行 完成 完成进行 现在 一般现在时______________ 现在进行时am/are/is doing 现在完成时_______________ 现在完成进行时have/has been doing 过去 一般过去时______________ 过去进行时were/was doing 过去完成时 had done 过去完成进行时had been doing 将来 一般将来时 will + do 将来进行时 will be doing 将来完成时 will have done 过去将来 一般过去将来时would + do 过去将来完成时would/should have done Practice 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. Vegetarians ________________ (not, eat) meat. 2. If it ________________ (rain) tomorrow, we’ll have to put off our sports meet. 3. I ________________ (go) to the cinema three times last week. 4. I ________________ (go) to the gym every five days. 5. When I was young, I ________________(want) to be a doctor. Practice 3. 用所给词的正确形式填空。 1. Darwin ____________ (originate开创 ) the theory of evolution and _________ (differ) from the Bible on the creation of the world. 2. Mozart____________ (write) more than 600 pieces of music. 3. I _____________ (be) be very tired last night, so I ______________(go) to bed early. 4. English schools _______________ (boom急速增长) recently. A new school _____________(open) every day. 5. I _____________ (walk) along the street when suddenly I _____________ (hear) footsteps behind me. Somebody ____________(follow) me. I was frightened and I started to run. 6. This is the most interesting movie that I _______________ (ever, see). 7. I ___________ (write) three letters since lunchtime. 4. 动词的语态 写出以下几种被动语态结构： 主动形式(Active Voice) 被动形式(Passive Voice) 一般现在时 do/does 一般过去时 did 现在进行时 am/is/are doing 现在完成时 have/has done 情态动词 情态动词+do Observe & Conclude:(把主动句变成被动句，并观察总结规律) 1. He breaks the window._______________________________________________________ 2. She gave me a book. ___________________________________;_________________________________________ 主动态变被动态的口诀： 宾语提前主语变，时态人称“be”关键，过去分词勿变错，原主变宾“by”后见。 Practice 4.把主动句变成被动句。 1. They have painted those pictures. _______________________________________________________ 2. The workers are repairing the bridge. _______________________________________________________ 3. We must keep our room clean and tidy. _______________________________________________________ 4. I heard him sing in the classroom yesterday. _______________________________________________________ Practice 5.用所给词的正确形式填空。 1.I usually ________ up at 6:00, but yesterday I _________ up at 7:00 and tomorrow I _________ up at 6:30. (get) 2.Listen! Someone ____________ (knock) at the door. 3.I ___________ (be) in Beijing for two years. 4.How often _____ Andy _______ (surf) the internet? 5.He fell asleep while he ___________ (read) a book. 6. I ________ never _______ (hear) of that man before. 7. My brother often _________ (go) for walks last summer. 8. Lily said she ____________ (put) on the new dress the next day. 9. ______ the story ________ (happen) in London in 1949? 10. What ______ his mother ______ (do) when he opened the door? 11. If it ______________ (not rain) tomorrow, they ___________ (go) fishing. 12. _________ your mother __________ the piano every Sunday?(play) 13. They _______ (not) call you the day after tomorrow. 14. Tom _____________ (work) there since two years ago. Practice 6.用所给词的正确形式填空。 One good turn deserves another I _____________ (have) dinner at a restaurant when Tony Steele came in. Tony ___________ (work) in a lawyer's office years ago, but he ____________ (work) at a bank now. He __________ (get) a good salary, but he always ____________ (borrow) money from his friends and never ____________ (pay) it back. Tony ___________ (see) me and ___________(come) and __________ (sit) at the same table. He _________ never ____________ (borrow) money from me. While he __________ (eat), I __________ (ask) him to lend me twenty pounds. To my surprise, he __________ (give) me the money immediately. 'I have never borrowed any money from you,' Tony said, 'so now you can pay for my dinner!' ( 1 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$