UNIT 3 Section Ⅲ Grammar and usage(Word教参)-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（译林版）

Section Ⅲ　Grammar and usage 　　　(语法项目——动词-ing形式和动词-ed 形式作表语) 语境中体悟 Chinese artist Wu Guanzhong is known for his paintings using oils and also for those using the more traditional Chinese method of ink.① It's amazing that he combined Western principles of art with Chinese spirit.② To him, the important value of an artwork was to reflect the art within the life of Chinese people, and to express love of and responsibility to his motherland.③ Wu Guanzhong remained interested in exploring ways of expression, with his style changing and developing throughout his career.④ I think what he did is very inspiring.⑤ That's why he is admired by so many people. [语法入门] 句①和句④中的known及interested为过去分词在句中作表语，表示主语的状态。 句②和句⑤中的amazing及inspiring为现在分词在句中作表语，表示主语的特征。 句③中的to reflect及to express为动词不定式在句中作表语。 学案中理清 一、动词-ing 形式作表语 作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词 1．现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的现在分词许多是由能够表示人的某种情感或情绪的动词变化而来的。常见的有：moving、interesting、encouraging、exciting、inspiring、boring、surprising、puzzling、amusing、astonishing等。 The film which I saw just now is very moving. 刚才我看的电影很感人。 2．动名词作表语多表示抽象性的或习惯性的动作，一般说明主语的内容。 Her hobby is playing the violin. ＝Playing the violin is her hobby. 拉小提琴是她的爱好。 [名师点津] (1)动词的-ing形式有时还可以放在seem、appear、prove等系动词后作表语。 (2)动词的-ing形式在表示动作时与be动词一起构成进行时态，此时不再作表语。 They are playing basketball now. 现在他们正在打篮球。 [对点练]　　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ①From seeing the wildlife to witnessing sunrises, the whole experience was amazing (amaze)． ②Leslie Nielsen's devotion to acting is wonderfully inspiring (inspire)． ③What pleases him most is_swimming_in_the_sea. 最令他高兴的是可以在大海里游泳。 二、动词-ed形式作表语 1．动词-ed形式作表语主要表示主语的心理或所处的状态。 2．有的动词-ed形式作表语，相当于形容词，且大部分已转化为形容词，常见的有：delighted、disappointed、discouraged、amused、astonished、interested、crowded、tired、satisfied、pleased、surprised、worried、excited、married、puzzled等。 Obviously I'd be disappointed if we don't make it, but it wouldn't be the end of the world. 显然，如果我们不能成功，我会很失望，但那不会是世界末日。 [名师点津]　过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别： 用作表语的过去分词，被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态，此时的过去分词相当于一个形容词，其后常不跟by短语；被动语态的动词-ed形式，被动意味很强，句子主语为动作的承受者，后常跟“by＋动作的执行者”。 All the doors are locked. 所有的门都是锁着的。(作表语，表示状态) All the doors were locked by the guard. 所有的门都被门卫锁上了。(被动语态，强调动作) [对点练]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ①(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)In cold weather, the structure stays closed (close) to protect the plants. ②They are tired (tire) of doing their homework. ③I felt bored (bore)．No energy, no motivation and zero fulfillment (满足感)． ④Why do you always look_tired? 你为什么总是看上去很疲惫？ ⑤I was_disappointed_at the film I saw last night. 我对昨晚看的电影很失望。 三、感觉类及物动词的动词-ing与动词-ed形式作表语时的区别 动词-ed形式作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到……的”；动词-ing形式多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人……的”。常用的这类词有： [对点练]　(用所给词的适当形式填空) ①We were disappointed at the result of the experiment, because it was a bit too disappointing.(disappoint) ②The news was exciting and they were all excited at it.(excite) ③We all felt encouraged at the encouraging news.(encourage) ④The audience were all moved to tears by the moving film.(move) 应用中融通 Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空 The beauty of the man-made lake is ①appealing (appeal) to visitors.The scenery there is ②amazing (amaze)．Every visitor feel ③relaxed (relax) when they sit or lie on the green grass, talking and laughing and even looking at the clouds floating in the blue sky. However, when evening comes, we are ④disappointed (disappoint) at the rubbish everywhere, which is not ⑤satisfying (satisfy)．We feel ⑥concerned (concern) about the visitors' behaviour. Ⅱ.根据汉语提示补全短文 Dear Peter， How are you? I'm very glad that ①you_are_interested_in (你对……感兴趣) the Mid-Autumn Festival in China. It is one of the most important traditional festivals in China, which ②is_celebrated_on_August_15th (在8月15日庆祝) in Chinese lunar calendar.During the festival, the family ③are_excited_to_get_together (很兴奋聚在一起) and enjoy all kinds of delicious food.On that special night, we usually sit in the yard, ④enjoying_mooncakes (品尝月饼) and ⑤admiring_the_bright_and_beautiful_moon (欣赏明亮又美丽的月亮)．And people will give mooncakes to each other as gifts, whose aim is ⑥delivering_their_best_wishes (传达他们最美好的祝福) and regards. I hope you will come to China and experience it one day. Yours， Li Hua 1．I enjoyed the whole experience — to be able to bathe my senses in this palace of human creativity. 我非常享受整个体验——能够让我沉浸在人类创造力的殿堂中。 ★bathe vt.以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗 |用|法|感|知| ·(“景物描写”佳句)Bathed in the first rays of the sun, I wandered around the country lanes alone. 沐浴在第一缕阳光中，我独自徘徊在乡间小路上。 ·Summer is my favorite season.On hot days we often go bathing in the swimming pool. 夏天是我最喜欢的季节，在炎热的天气里我们经常去游泳池游泳。 [归纳点拨] (1)go bathing　　　 去(海里、河里、湖里等)游泳 be bathed in 沉浸于；沐浴在 (2)bath n. 洗澡；沐浴；浴盆 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①After the match, bathed (bathe) with sweat, he had a cool shower. ②The village was bathed in brilliant sunshine. ③I shall have a hot bath (bathe) and go to bed. ④The doctor asked him to bathe_his_eyes twice a day. 医生要求他一天清洗眼睛两次。 2．The art show in town next week sounds appealing. 下周城镇的艺术展听起来挺吸引人的。 ★appealing adj.有吸引力的；恳求的 |用|法|感|知| ·Fast mask-changing, unique to Sichuan Opera performance, is so appealing that we have made up our minds to learn it. 川剧表演独有的特技——变脸，是如此吸引人以至于我们下定决心要学习它。 ·This book will appeal to anyone who insists on finding the deepest meaning for their existence. 这本书将吸引那些坚持寻找生命深刻意义的人。 [归纳点拨] (1)appeal vi.　　　 有吸引力；呼吁，恳请 n. 吸引力；呼吁；恳求 appeal to 吸引，符合……的心意，引起……的兴趣 appeal to sb. (2)make an appeal to sb. |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空/替换加黑词汇 ①Sports has become an important form of entertainment, appealing (appeal) to both men and women. ②The Great Wall of China is still one of the most appealing (appeal) attractions all around the world. ③The advertisement has deeply attracted me, so I want to apply for the position.appealed_to (2)一句多译 因此，我们呼吁人人爱护我们的地球，保护环境。 ④Therefore, we make_an_appeal_to_everyone_to_love our planet and protect the environment. ⑤Therefore, we _appeal_to_everyone_to_love our planet and protect the environment. [课时检测]　　　　　　　　　(标语篇配有教师讲评课件) Ⅰ.阅读理解 Chinese painting, also known as the traditional national painting, one of the traditional paintings with a long history, has its unique and independent system.Using brushes, ink, and Chinese pigments (天然颜料), a painting is drawn on a special kind of paper (Xuan paper) or silk.The traditional subjects are figures, landscapes, flowers and birds. In comparison with Western painting, Chinese painting has its own artistic characteristics.After a careful study of the object, a painter can discover the rules of its structure, and then produce it by the mind's eye.It is not merely a simple copy, but it combines the object with the artistic concept of the producer, turning a natural image into an “artistic image”．The object can show the artist's feelings and personality to achieve the effect of “being alike not only in appearance, but also in spirit”．Not all the objects are to be drawn on the paper, and much space is left for the imagination.The use of lines is important in Chinese painting.Clear, swift, sharp and changeable lines are combined with the push, point and press of the brush and ink to show the quality of the object and variations of tone (色调)．Ancient Chinese artists listed 18 different ways of drawing lines with the brush in figure painting.Different ways of creating lines are used when painting a landscape, flowers and birds, clouds, and bamboos. Traditional Chinese painting and calligraphy are different branches of art stemming (起源) from the same origin.They use the same kind of tools and all the lines used in painting are variations of the points and lines of calligraphy.Though they are different artistic forms, they are closely linked in terms of their expression of thoughts and feelings.They influence each other to create another artistic feature. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国画作为传统国画的特点，以及传统绘画与书法的异同点。 1．Which of the following words can describe the common subjects of traditional Chinese painting? A．Valuable.　　　　　　 B．Independent. C．Special. D．Natural. 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，中国画传统的题材是人物、风景和花鸟。因此，可以用“自然的”一词描述中国画的共同主题。 2．The writer believes that a traditional Chinese painter's picture ________. A．reflects social problems of his times B．describes mainly a natural image C．expresses his thoughts D．tells a true story 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The object can show the artist's feelings and personality”可知，作品能表现艺术家的情感和个性，达到不仅形似而且神似的效果。因此，一个中国传统画家的画能表达画家的思想。 3．It can be inferred that a traditional Chinese painter spent much time ________. A．traveling B．learning to draw lines C．reading D．studying calligraphy before drawing 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The use of lines is important in Chinese painting.”及本段最后两句可知，在中国画中线条的使用很重要。由此可以推断，一位传统的中国画家会花很多时间学习画线条。 4．What do painting and calligraphy have in common? A．Using the similar techniques. B．Starting from the same period. C．Belonging to the same artistic form. D．Covering the same themes. 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，绘画和书法使用同样的工具，绘画中使用的所有线条都是书法的点和线的变化。由此可知，绘画和书法使用类似的技法。 Ⅱ.完形填空 In nature, falling leaves are known to be associated with the end of the season, when dying leaves fall to the ground to welcome the upcoming autumn.Most people collect the leaves and dry them, __5__ Solange Nunes, a Brazilian artist with a degree in Fine Arts uses the leaves __6__ a canvas for embroidery (刺绣)．By __7__ and error, Nunes __8__ her works, and she now __9__ her art with thousands of people on an app. Years ago, she __10__ take walks and bring branches, leaves or seeds home.One time, she decided to do a test with the leaves.It was a __11__.There was no __12__ she could turn to and the“canvas” was extremely __13__， meaning it required handling with care.She researched leaves and did many tests __14__ she got the desired effect, and then, since 2017, she has __15__ herself only to embroidery on dry leaves.It is a job that she does with a lot of __16__ and she carries that into her way of thinking and __17__ the world.Through it, she tries to help people __18__ to the beauty and __19__ of life, the beauty that is short-lived, and the life that is very brief in the eyes of a human. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了拥有美术学位的巴西艺术家Solange Nunes将树叶用作刺绣画布，帮助人们发现生活之美的故事。 5．A.so　　　　　　　　　 B．but C．or D．and 解析：选B　空前提到大多数人收集树叶并将其晾干，下文提到这位艺术家处理树叶的方式跟大多数人不一样，上下文之间形成转折关系，故用连词but。 6．A.through B．into C．upon D．as 解析：选D　根据下文中的“she decided to do a test with the leaves”和“the ‘canvas’ was extremely ______， meaning it required handling with care”可知，此处指把树叶当作刺绣画布来用。use ...as ...意为“把……用作……”。 7．A.trial B．experience C．success D．doubt 解析：选A　根据下文中的“She researched leaves and did many tests”可知，这里是说Solange Nunes通过反复试验来完善自己的作品。trial and error为固定短语，意为“反复试验”。 8．A.perfected B．designed C．spread D．arranged 解析：选A　此处指通过反复试验来完善(perfected)自己的作品。 9．A.exchanges B．connects C．satisfies D．shares 解析：选D　根据下文中的“with thousands of people on an app”可知，此处表示她与许多人分享自己的作品。share sth.with sb.为固定短语，意为“与某人分享某物”。 10．A.used to B．tended to C．agreed to D．desired to 解析：选A　根据上文“Years ago”可知，此处表示她过去常常带着树枝、树叶或种子回家。used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”。 11．A.miracle B．challenge C．beginning D．mistake 解析：选B　根据上文可知，她决定用树叶做个测试；再结合下文中的“She researched leaves and did many tests”可知，这个测试是一个挑战(challenge)。 12．A.theory B．indication C．reference D．practice 解析：选C　根据下文中的“She researched leaves and did many tests”可知，她做了很多次测试，所以此处应是说找不到任何参考(reference)。 13．A.firm B．solid C．fragile D．slight 解析：选C　根据下文中的“meaning it required handling with care”可知，这种“画布”极其脆弱。fragile“易碎的，易损的”。 14．A.while B．since C．unless D．until 解析：选D　根据空前“did many tests”及空后“she got the desired effect”可知，此处是说Solange Nunes直到得到了想要的效果才停止试验。 15．A.committed B．entertained C．related D．persuaded 解析：选A　根据下文“herself only to embroidery on dry leaves”可知，此处指Solange Nunes致力于在干叶子上刺绣。commit oneself to sth.为固定短语，意为“专心致志于某事”。 16．A.effort B．technology C．passion D．courage 解析：选C　根据下文中的“she carries that into her way of thinking”及“Through it, she tries to help people”可知，她带着热情做这份工作。with passion表示“充满热情，满怀激情”。 17．A.rewarding B．judging C．protecting D．seeing 解析：选D　根据下文中的“and the life that is very brief in the eyes of a human”可知，此处表示她思考和观察世界。 18．A.add B．awaken C．contribute D．refer 解析：选B　根据上文内容可知，Solange Nunes 把树叶用作刺绣画布，这帮助人们意识到(awaken)生活中的美丽。 19．A.quality B．simplicity C．idea D．definition 解析：选B　根据下文中的“the life that is very brief”可知，通过在树叶上刺绣，Solange Nunes明白了生命的美丽和朴素(simplicity)之处。 Ⅲ.语法填空(15分)() The roots of traditional Chinese painting can date back to the paintings on ancient pottery such as figures of animals, plants and dances.Since similar tools and lines were used __20__ the earliest painting and writing, Chinese painting __21__ (say) to have the same origin as calligraphy.So it's not __22__ (surprise) that poetry or calligraphy is used in Chinese paintings, which gives people keener enjoyment of __23__ (beautiful)． Many murals (壁画), paintings __24__ (do) on walls or decorative paintings, can be seen in tombs of the Han, Tang and other dynasties.Gu Kaizhi, a famous painter of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, was good at __25__ (present) historical themes.The Tang painter, Wu Daozi, was an expert at figure and scene painting.The Tang painters, Li Sixun and Li Zhaodao, __26__ were father and son, used minerals to paint scenery.Flower-and-bird painting is also an important type of traditional Chinese painting. Contemporary painters have specialties.Some only paint figures of ladies, and some only paint animals, __27__ even one kind of animal.As a result, the more they paint, the __28__ (good) their paintings become.Exhibitions of the Chinese painting have been held __29__ (active)．Art galleries around the world hold such exhibitions year in, year out. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国画的历史渊源、古代一些杰出的画家以及当代画家的专长等。 20．for　考查介词。be used for意为“被用于……”，为固定搭配，故填for。 21．is said　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。结合语境可知，本句应用一般现在时表客观事实；根据句意“中国画据说和书法有相同的起源”可知，表被动；主语Chinese painting为第三人称单数，谓语也应用单数。故填is said。 22．surprising　考查非谓语动词。 分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语，应用非谓语动词；it is not surprising that ...意为“……不足为奇”，为固定用法，故填surprising。 23．beauty　考查名词。此处of为介词，其后应用名词；根据语境可知，此处表示“对美的享受”，故填beauty。 24．done　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句的谓语是can be seen，故空处在句中为非谓语动词，且do的逻辑主语为paintings，二者之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填done。 25．presenting　考查非谓语动词。be good at doing sth.意为“擅长做某事”，为固定用法，故填presenting。 26．who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为表示人的Li Sixun和Li Zhaodao，空处在从句中作主语，故填关系代词who。 27．or　考查连词。结合句意“有些当代画家只画女士人物图，有一些只画动物，或甚至只画某一种动物”可知，空处应填连词or。 28．better　考查比较级。此处为“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构，意为“越……，就越……”，故填better。 29．actively　考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语动词，应用副词形式，故填actively。 54 / 107 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$