第22讲 语法填空有提示词（专项训练）（北京专用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

第23讲 语法填空有提示词 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01 提示词是动词-考查时态和语态及主谓一致 考向02 提示词是动词-考查非谓语动词和词性转换 考向03 提示词是名词 考向04 提示词是形容词、副词 考向05 提示词是代词和数词 02 核心突破练 03 真题溯源练 考向01 提示词是动词-考查时态和语态及主谓一致 1.（2025年·海淀·二模）During his trip, he ___13___ (visit) major southeastern coastal cities of China, among which Shanghai and Hangzhou left a deep impression on him. 【答案】 visited 【13题详解】考查时态。句意：在他的旅行期间，他参观了中国东南部的一些主要沿海城市，其中上海和杭州给他留下了深刻的印象。根据During his trip可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词visit应用过去式形式。故填visited。 2.（2025年·海淀·二模）Many prefer green juice or protein-topped salads ___14___ (manage) weight. 【答案】 to manage 【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多人更喜欢喝绿色果汁或食用富含蛋白质的沙拉来控制体重。空格处作目的状语，应用不定式形式。故填to manage。 3. （2025年·海淀·二模）Take a look at the contact list on your phone — you likely have numerous names but regularly connect with only a few. Many of these ____17____ (forget) contacts are old friends that ____18____ (fade) from your life for no particular reason for some time. 【答案】 18. have faded 【18题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这些被遗忘的联系人大多是老朋友，他们不知为何在一段时间内从你的生活中逐渐淡出。空格处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语是for some time，应该用现在完成时；从句的谓语动词fade与从句主语that指代的先行词friends在数上保持一致，应该用复数形式。故填have faded。 4.（2025年·朝阳·二模）Thanks to her lifetime dedication to the field, Tang ____13____ (honor) with the Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation in 2024. 【答案】 13. was honored 【13题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：由于她一生都致力于这个领域，唐闻生在2024 年被授予翻译终身成就奖。根据时间状语“in 2024”可知，时态为一般过去时，主语Tang与honor之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用was，故填was honored。 5.（2025年·朝阳·二模） Each attempt brings small improvements and each failure ___16___ (teach) you different strategies. With effort, you can become a better self, which is the true meaning of learning. 【答案】 16. teaches 【16题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每一次尝试都会带来微小的进步，每一次失败都会教会你不同的策略。根据空前brings可知，空处为and之后的并列分句的谓语动词，需用一般现在时态，描述客观事实，主语是each failure，第三人称单数，所以空处谓语动词需用第三人称单数teaches。故填teaches。 6.（2025年·平谷·一模） She ____18____ (appreciate) that humor is a significant content principle BrainPOP employs. 【答案】 18. appreciates 【18题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她认为幽默是BrainPOP采用的一个重要内容原则。主语“She”是第三人称单数，且句子在陈述现在的情况，为一般现在时，故动词。故填appreciates。 7.（2025年·顺义·一模) Located in Lancang River basin, Jingmai Mountain ___17___ (list) as the first World Heritage (遗产) of tea culture in 2023....The landscape ___19___ (integrate) vast tea plantations, ancient villages and diverse ethnic (民族的) cultures. 【17题详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：景迈山位于澜沧江流域，2023年被列为首个茶文化世界遗产。Jingmai Mountain与list之间是被动关系，即景迈山被列为世界遗产，根据时间状语“in 2023”可知，使用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语Jingmai Mountain是单数。故填was listed。 【19题详解】考查动词时态。句意：这片景观融合了广阔的茶园、古老的村落和多样的民族文化。句子描述的是景迈山的一般特征，用一般现在时，主语The landscape是单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式integrates。故填integrates。 8.（2025年·西城·一模）The new school____15____ (make) use of Tsinghua’s strengths, ____16____ (highlight) AI’s role in education and research. It ____17____ (aim) to explore AI-driven learning models and develop students with diverse skills, a solid understanding of AI and creative thinking. 【15题详解】考查时态。句意：新学院将利用清华大学的优势，突出人工智能在教育和研究中的作用。此处动作发生在将来，用一般将来时。故填will make。 【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：新学院将利用清华大学的优势，突出人工智能在教育和研究中的作用。此处highlight与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填highlighting。 【17题详解】考查时态。句意：它旨在探索人工智能驱动的学习模式，培养具有多样化技能、对人工智能有扎实理解和创造性思维的学生。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用三单形式。故填aims。 9.（2025年·西城·一模）At a 200-megawatt (兆瓦) wind farm in Hengshui, Hebei, the world’s largest tonnage wheeled crane (起重机), the XCA4000, completed its first lift in March 2024. It ____18____ (lift) a 130-metric-ton nacelle, a 40-ton hub and three 95-meter-long blades weighing 28 tons each, to a height of 162 meters for assembly (组装) on the tower. 【答案】18. lifted 【18题详解】考查时态。句意：它将一个130吨的机舱，一个40吨的轮毂和三个95米长的叶片（每个重28吨）提升到162米的高度，以便在塔上组装。发生在过去用一般过去时。故填lifted。 10.（2025年·丰台·二模）During the early hard years, he ____12____ (conduct) research on China’s nuclear submarine all year round. 【12题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在早期艰难的岁月里，他一整年都在进行中国核潜艇的研究。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语During the early hard years可知，此处可以理解为描述过去一段时间内持续进行的动作，用过去进行时，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was conducting；也可以理解为描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，所以谓语动词为conduct的过去式形式conducted。故填was conducting/conducted。 11.（2025年·丰台·二模）The Chinese solar calendar ____17____ (divide) the year into 24 solar terms. Grain in Ear (芒种), the ninth solar term, begins on June 5 this year. 【17题详解】考查动词时态。句意：中国的农历将一年分为 24 个节气。此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语The Chinese solar calendar是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为divides。故填divides。 12.（2025年·丰台·二模） The system of 24 solar terms ____19____ (establish) thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. 【19题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：二十四节气系统是几千年前建立的，用于指导农业生产。此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语thousands of years ago可知，此处应用一般过去时，The system of 24 solar terms与establish之间是被动关系，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填 was established。 13.（2025年·昌平·一模）The campaign started out with the big goal of 1,000 sock donations — a milestone that ____12____ (achieve) in mere days. Then she went on to collect more socks. So far, Olivia ____13____ (receive) over 8,000 pairs of donated socks. 【12题详解】考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：活动开始时的大目标是捐赠1000只袜子，这个里程碑在短短几天内就实现了。里程碑是被实现，句子描述过去的事情，因此句子用一般过去时的被动语态，that指代的先行词milestone是单数，因此空格处是was achieved，故填was achieved。 【13题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，奥利维亚已经收到了8000多双捐赠的袜子。由So far可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语Olivia是单数，因此空格处是has received。故填has received。 14.（2025年·东城·一模）After a weekend trip, my friend and I ____11____ (drive) home when a blue car suddenly pulled up beside us at a stoplight. 【11题详解】考查动词时态。句意：周末旅行后，我和朋友正开车回家，这时一辆蓝色轿车突然在红绿灯旁停在我们旁边。这里是“be doing...when...”结构，意为“正在做……这时……”，根据语境可知事情发生在过去，所以用过去进行时，表示 “我和朋友当时正在开车”，主语my friend and I为复数，be动词用were。故填were driving。 15.（2025年·东城·一模） The research team tested 31 pet dogs. Three human caretakers of each dog ____15____ (ask) to record their voices. 【15题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：每只狗的三位人类照顾者被要求录制他们的声音。结合前文的tested可知，此处表示过去发生的动作，且动词ask与主语Three human caretakers之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用were。故填were asked。 16.（2025年·朝阳·一模）Zhu Mengdan, a 15-year-old from the Li ethnic (少数民族的) group, grew up climbing coconut trees. However, she had never imagined her childhood game ____11____ (become) an official event at a national competition one day. In 2024, as the youngest competitor on Hainan’s team, Zhu ____12____ (participate) in the coconut tree climbing competition at the National Traditional Games of Ethnic Minorities. 【答案】11. would become 12. participated 【11题详解】考查动词时态。句意：然而，她从来没有想到，她童年的游戏有一天会成为全国比赛的正式项目。become为动词，表示“变成”，在句中作谓语；根据“had never imagined”和“one day”及句意可知，空处表示在过去某时看来将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时。故填would become。 【12题详解】考查动词时态。句意：2024年，作为海南队最年轻的选手，参加了全国少数民族传统运动会爬椰树比赛。participate为动词，表示“参加”，在句中作谓语，与主语“Zhu”之间为主动关系；根据“In 2024”可知，该句为一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作。故填participated。 17.（2025年·朝阳·一模）Though specialization and advances in technology require more precise terms, the trend of unreadable academic writing ____20____ (grow) stronger. Clear and simple writing would be a breath of fresh air. 【答案】 20. is growing 【20题详解】考查动词时态。句意：虽然专业化和技术的进步需要更精确的术语，但难以读懂的学术写作趋势越来越强。grow为动词，表示“成长、发展”，在句中作谓语，根据句意，该句应用现在进行时，表示目前“正在发生的动作”，主语是“the trend”，谓语为单数。故填is growing。 18.（2025年·海淀·一模）Early in his career, however, he ____11____ (face) constant rejections and financial struggles. 【11题详解】考查动词时态。句意：然而，在他的职业生涯早期，他面临着不断的拒绝和经济上的挣扎。根据句中的Early in his career可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，face的过去式为faced，故填faced。 19.（2025年·海淀·一模）To drive real change, climate education must shift focus from global risks to personal and local impacts. People will act if the challenge ____18____ (feel) personal — not just about the planet, polar bears, or humanity ____as19____ a whole. Sharing scientific facts isn’t enough; self-interest should figure in climate-education packages. Therefore, climate education should be tailored to each community. Messages are more effective when they ____20____ (deliver) in engaging ways to truly resonate with everyone. 【答案】18. feels 20. are delivered 【18题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：如果挑战让人感觉与自己息息相关，人们就会采取行动——而不仅仅是关乎地球、北极熊或整个人类。设空处使用动词作 if引导条件状语从句中的谓语动词，符合“主将从现”原则即用一般现在时表将来，主语为the challenge，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填feels。 【20题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：当信息以吸引人的方式传递，真正引起每个人的共鸣时，信息会更有效。设空处使用动词作when引导时间状语从句的谓语动词，从句陈述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且主语为they，谓语动词应用复数形式。故填are delivered。 20.（2024-2025学年北京市石景山区高三上学期期末）Last summer, in Morecambe Bay, four holidaymakers 1 (save) successfully from tide quicksand by the rescuers who arrived in time. 考查动词语态。句意：去年夏天，在莫克姆湾，四名度假者被及时赶到的救援人员从潮汐流沙中成功救出。根据Last summer可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时。four holidaymakers和save“拯救”是被动关系，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语four holidaymakers为复数名词，所以be用were。故填were saved。 21.（2024-2025学年北京市通州区运河中学高三下学期开学）For more than thirty years, Shi led a group of tough guys in northern Shaanxi and 3 (plant) more than 53 million trees on the contracted 250, 000 mu of barren sand and alkali (碱) beaches, creating a “green Great Wall” in Yulin. 考查时态。句意：三十多年来，石光银带领陕北的一群硬汉，在承包的25万亩荒沙和盐碱滩上种植了5300多万棵树，在榆林造就了一道“绿色长城”。空处和“led”是并列谓语，需用一般过去时。故填 planted。 22.（2025届北京市西城区北京师范大学第二附属中学高三下学期英语统练2）I’d been living with Mama Lil since I was six, when my own mama and daddy 5 (kill) in an apartment building fire. Lillian Johns was my mom’s mother. 考查谓语动词。句意：自从我六岁那年，我的亲生父母在一次公寓楼火灾中丧生后，我就一直和Mama Lil生活在一起。此处为when引导的非限制性定语从句的谓语动词，根据先行词可知，此处描述的是六岁发生的事件，所以此处使用一般过去时，kill与主语my own mama and daddy之间为被动关系，所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为复数。故填were killed。 23.（2025届北京市西城区北京师范大学第二附属中学高三下学期英语统练2）And the older I got, the more at odds we were and the more conflicts we 8 (experience). 考查谓语动词。句意：而且我年纪越大，我们之间的分歧就越多，经历的冲突也越多。此处为省略了关系代词的定语从句的谓语动词，根据上文的并列谓语动词were可知，此处使用一般过去时，且与主语之间为主动关系。故填experienced。 24.（2024-2025学年北京市北京景山学校高三下开学考）Taking a deep breath, Emily stepped forward and said, “I 9 (learn) CPR. Let me try.” She got down on her knees beside the old woman and checked her condition. With butterflies in her stomach, she began CPR. The memory of the measures she had learned flooded into her mind as she delivered compressions to the woman’s chest. The atmosphere was thick with tension. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我学过心肺复苏术。由“Let me try”可知，Emily已经学过了心肺复苏术，句子时态用现在完成时，主语是I，空格处用have learned，故填have learned。 15.（2024-2025学年北京市北京景山学校高三下开学考） Everyone 6 (wait) for a miracle to happen. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每个人都在等待奇迹的发生。根据语境可知，句子表示“每个人都在等待奇迹的发生”，句子用过去进行时表示过去的一刻正在进行的动作，主语Everyone是不定代词，因此空格处用was waiting。故填was waiting。 26.（2024-2025学年北京大学附属中学高三下学期开学考）After she 5 (lay) off as a Seattle city planner, Erin was looking for fun at-home projects when an iPhone box caught her eye. 考查被动语态。句意：在艾琳被解雇，不再担任西雅图城市规划师后，她正在寻找有趣的居家项目，这时一个iPhone手机盒吸引了她的注意。空白处在句子中作谓语，且与主语she之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语she是第三人称单数，be动词用was，故填was laid。 27.（2024-2025学年北京市八一学校高三下学期开学考）Though these little things may be easily ignored in our daily lives, they 4 (receive) warmly by many viewers. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：虽然这些小事情在我们的日常生活中很容易被忽视，但它们受到了许多观众的热烈欢迎。主语they，指代little things，与动词receive为被动关系，且描述一般事实，需用一般现在时的被动语态，主语they，be动词用are。故填are received。 28.（2024-2025学年北京市八一学校高三下学期开学考）When Suki heard she was to be laid off, her first reaction was fear for what it could mean for her career. “I was initially scared because I 5 (see) layoffs happening all across the tech industry, so I worried I wouldn’t be able to find another job.” 考查动词时态。句意：一开始我很害怕，因为我看到整个科技行业都在裁员，所以我担心自己找不到另一份工作。此处填入谓语动词，根据上下文语境可知，“看到裁员发生在整个科技行业”这个动作发生在“I was initially scared”（一般过去时）之前，即“过去的过去”，所以要用过去完成时，其结构为“had + 过去分词”，“see” 的过去分词是 “seen”。故填had seen。 29.（2024-2025学年北京市北京景山学校高三下开学考）The gel 4 (make) of nontoxic components, making it safe for both people and the environment. 考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：凝胶由无毒成分制成，对人体和环境都是安全的。根据语境可知，句子表示“凝胶由无毒成分制成”，be made of是固定短语，意为“由……制成”，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语The gel是不可数名词，因此空格处是is made。故填is made。 30.（2024-2025学年北京市第二十二中学高三下学期开学考）A Yangge folk dance performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake has wowed users of some overseas social media, as the performance, using an innovative approach, 5 (combine) cultural heritage with cutting-edge technology. 考查动词时态。句意：在蛇年春节联欢晚会上，机器人表演的民间秧歌在一些海外社交媒体上惊艳了用户，因为表演采用了一种创新的方式，将文化遗产与尖端技术相结合。空处是as引导的原因状语从句的谓语部分，句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故填combined。 考向02 提示词是动词-考查非谓语动词和词性转换 1.（2025年·顺义·一模The functions of the satellite enable researchers to map platform operations with greater precision. ___15___ (develop) by the CAS, the satellite provides important space-based data ___16___ (promote) sustainable development. 【答案】 15. Developed 16. to promote 【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该卫星由中国科学院研发，提供了重要的天基数据，以促进可持续发展。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，the satellite和develop为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Developed。 【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处作目的状语，需用动词不定式。故填to promote。 2.（2025年·平谷·一模）The team ____15____ (fit) Roo with her first wheelchair in October 2023 using a 3D printer. It is one of many projects the team has constructed for people or animals in need. And it is their goal ____16____ (give) back to the community and do things that are actually helpful to the community. 【答案】 15. fitted 16. to give 【15题详解】考查时态。句意：2023年10月，该团队使用3D打印机为Roo安装了她的第一个轮椅。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据后文时间状语in October 2023可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填fitted。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的目标是回馈社区，做一些真正对社区有帮助的事情。此处为“it be+名词+to do sth.”结构，it为形式主语，不定式为真正主语，故空处应用不定式形式。故填to give。 3.（2025年·朝阳·二模）The essence of learning is extreme repetition and persistence until you become experienced through practice, skilled enough ___14___ (apply) what you gain and eventually form muscle memory. Real change never comes overnight unless you accept the long and slow process, ___15___ (set) aside impatience and anxiety. Extreme repetition is also a continuous exploration of improvement. 【答案】14. to apply 15. setting 【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学习的本质是反复练习和坚持，直到你通过实践变得有经验，足够熟练地运用你所获得的东西，并最终形成肌肉记忆。此处是“adj.+enough+to do sth.”结构，意为“足够……做某事”，为固定搭配，用不定式作结果状语。故填to apply。 【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：真正的改变从来不会在一夜之间发生，除非你接受漫长而缓慢的过程，抛开急躁和焦虑。unless引导的条件状语从句已有谓语动词accept ，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，动词短语set aside与其逻辑主语you之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作状语。故填setting。 4.（2025年·平谷·一模） Humor is a balancing act and BrainPOP, an educational platform, can help teachers create an appropriate balance because the ____17____ (learn) activities support any course in a dynamic and kid-friendly way. Julie Kuzma from a public school agrees. ... In her experience, humor builds trust and makes students feel connected and ____20____ (see). “If you can make them smile, you know that you're on the right track and you've lightened their day a little bit. ” 【答案】17. learning 20. seen 【17题详解】考查动名词。句意：BrainPOP平台可以帮助教师创造适当的学习氛围，因为其学习活动以一种动态且适合孩子的方式支持任何课程。名词learning作定语修饰名词。故填learning。 【20题详解】考查过去分词。句意：在她的经验中，幽默可以建立信任，让学生感到彼此联系和被关注。空处为非谓语动词，students与see为被动关系，用过去分词作feel的表语。故填seen。 5.（2025年·海淀·二模）Take a look at the contact list on your phone — you likely have numerous names but regularly connect with only a few. Many of these ____17____ (forget) contacts are old friends that ____18____ (fade) from your life for no particular reason for some time.... Reaching out to an old friend may seem challenging, but it can rekindle meaningful connections and bring joy. Instead of ____20____ (let) friendships slip away, a simple message can bridge the gap and enhance both parties’ happiness. 【答案】17. forgotten 18. have faded 20. letting 【17题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些被遗忘的联系人大多是老朋友，他们不知为何在一段时间内从你的生活中逐渐淡出。根据空格后的名词contacts可知，空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰后面的名词，动词forget与名词contacts之间是逻辑被动关系，所以应该用过去分词forgotten作定语。故填forgotten。 【18题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这些被遗忘的联系人大多是老朋友，他们不知为何在一段时间内从你的生活中逐渐淡出。空格处是定语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语是for some time，应该用现在完成时；从句的谓语动词fade与从句主语that指代的先行词friends在数上保持一致，应该用复数形式。故填have faded。 【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与其放任友情流逝，一条简单的信息就能弥合时光裂隙，双向提升幸福指数。根据空格前的介词of可知，空格处应该用动名词letting作宾语。故填letting。 6.（2025年·朝阳·二模）Tang Wensheng, 81, born in New York, is an outstanding Chinese ____11____ (interpret). She worked for China’s top leaders during the 1970s. “I think it was a privilege and a learning experience,” Tang said. 【答案】11. interpreter 【11题详解】考查名词。句意：81岁的唐闻生出生于纽约，是一位杰出的中国口译员。根据句意和“an”可知，此处应填interpret的名词形式interpreter，表示“口译员”。故填interpreter。 7.（2025年·顺义·一模) With nearly 2,000 years of tea plantation history, the heritage site consists of five old tea forests ___18___ (cover) an area of 1,180 hectares. 【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该遗产地拥有近2000年的茶树种植历史，由五片古老的茶园组成，占地面积1180公顷。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰five old tea forests，二者为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填covering。 8.（2025年·西城·一模）The XCA4000 has a self-developed control system and technologies ____19____ (ensure) safety during operation. With more than a dozen sensors ____20____ (distribute) in the facility, it can detect and address potential safety dangers in real time. 【答案】 19. to ensure 20. distributed 【19题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：XCA4000具有自主开发的控制系统和技术，确保运行安全。此处ensure作目的状语，用不定式。故填to ensure。 【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在设施中分布了十多个传感器，可以实时检测和解决潜在的安全隐患。此处distribute与sensors构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。故填distributed。 9.（2025年·丰台·二模）For 30 years when he was even absent from family letters, he had made huge sacrifices. ____13____ (respect) widely, he was named the man who built the underwater Great Wall. His selfless dedication and outstanding contributions will always be remembered. 【13题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他广受尊敬，被誉为建造水下长城的人。此处为非谓语动词作状语，he和respect之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词respected作状语，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Respected。 10.（2025年·丰台·二模）My mother is in hospital, ____14____ (battle) cancer. Every day, I make it a point ____15____ (visit) her and bring along a bunch of flowers. This morning was no different, but she got mad at me. She asked me not to spend money on flowers, insisting that I use it to help people in need. 【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的母亲生病住院，正在与癌症作斗争。句中已有谓语动词is，所以此处为非谓语动词，battle意为“与……作斗争”与逻辑主语My mother之间是主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词作状语。故填battling。 【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每天，我特意去看望她，并带上一束花。此处为“make it+名词+to do sth.”结构，其中it为形式宾语，不定式短语作真正宾语，所以此处使用动词不定式to visit。故填to visit。 11.（2025年·丰台·二模）The ____18____ (arrive) of Grain in Ear signifies the ripening of crops. It is also a busy period for farmers. 【18题详解】考查名词。句意：芒种的到来意味着农作物的成熟。空处作句子主语，arrive的名词形式arrival符合题意，表示“到来”。故填arrival。 12.（2025年·昌平·一模）Olivia Vibbert, 14-year-old, tried to establish her own nonprofit. In 2016, ____11____ (help) the homeless in winter, she requested sock donations when knowing socks are among the most needed items. 【11题详解】考查不定式。句意：2016年，为了在冬天帮助无家可归的人，她在知道袜子是最需要的物品之一的情况下，请求捐赠袜子。根据句意可知，帮助无家可归的人是她请求捐赠袜子的目的，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to help。 13.（2025年·昌平·一模）While social media has connected people globally, its overuse may harm mental health. Teenagers spending hours scrolling short videos often feel lonely, ____17____ (lack) real communication. Studies ____18____ (conduct) in 2023 show that 60% of users compare their lives to others’ posts, leading to anxiety. 【17题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：花数小时浏览短视频的青少年常常会感到孤独，并且缺乏真正的交流。句中谓语是feel，空格处用非谓语动词，Teenagers和lack之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作状语，故填lacking。 【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年进行的研究表明，60%的用户将自己的生活与他人的帖子进行比较，从而导致焦虑。句中谓语是show，空格处用非谓语动词，Studies和conduct之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词表被动，作后置定语，故填conducted。 14.（2025年·东城·一模） These kind strangers had circled back, ____14____ (spot) shoes and even picking them up for us. Their unexpected effort to help us out made our day. 【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些善良的陌生人又绕了回来，发现了鞋子，甚至帮我们捡了起来。句子谓语动词是circled back，空格处填入非谓语动词和picking up并列，作状语，动词spot与其逻辑主语These kind strangers之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填spotting。 15.（2025年·东城·一模）AI and learning have a powerful and collaborative relationship. AI acts as a smart tool, personalizing lessons ____18____ (match) each student’s pace and needs, which makes learning more effective. 【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人工智能充当一个智能工具，通过个性化课程来匹配每个学生的学习节奏和需求，这使得学习更加有效。此处需用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了匹配每个学生的学习节奏和需求”。故填to match。 16.（2025年·朝阳·一模）DeepSeek-R1 learns by repeatedly ____15____ (try), unlike other AIs that rely on large amounts of prepared examples. 【15题详解】考查动名词。句意：DeepSeek-R1通过反复尝试来学习，不像其他人工智能依赖于大量准备好的例子。动词try用在介词“by”后面，应用动名词形式，作宾语，表示“通过反复尝试”。故填trying。 17.（2025年·朝阳·一模）It’s difficult ____18____ (understand) jargon-filled (充满行话的) writing that academics have long been accused of. To track academic writing over time, The Economist analyzed 347,000 PhD abstracts ____19____ (publish) between 1812 and 2023. They found that the abstracts have become harder to read. 【答案】18. to understand 19. published 【18题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：学者们长期以来被指责的充满行话的文章很难理解。understand为动词，表示“理解”，根据句中谓语动词“is”可知，应用其非谓语动词形式；固定句式It’s difficult to do表示“做某事很困难”，It为形式主语，动词不定式to do为真正的主语。故填to understand。 【19题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：《经济学人》分析了1812年至2023年间发表的347,000篇博士论文摘要。publish为动词表示“出版、发表”，根据谓语动词“analyzed”可知，应用其非谓语动词形式，作定语，修饰“abstracts”，并与其之间为被动关系，表示“发表的摘要”，故应用过去分词形式。故填published。 18.（2025年·海淀·一模） His journey — from a self-taught artist to a pioneer ____14____ (reshape) an industry — inspires dreamers worldwide: greatness isn’t born overnight, but built through commitment. 【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他的旅程——从自学成才的艺术家到重塑行业的先驱——激励着全世界的梦想家：伟大不是一夜之间诞生的，而是通过献身建立起来的。句中已有谓语inspires，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰pioneer，且pioneer与reshape之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填reshaping。 19.（2025年·海淀·一模） For some, it is ____15____ (simple) about being physically away from people, while for others, it is the ability ____16____ (disconnect) when alone. 【15题详解】考查副词。句意：对一些人来说，这只是身体上远离他人，而对另一些人来说，这是独处时断开连接的能力。此处需要用副词simply修饰介词短语about being physically away from people，表示“仅仅，只是”的意思，故填simply。 【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对一些人来说，这只是身体上远离他人，而对另一些人来说，这是独处时断开连接的能力。the ability to do sth表示“做某事的能力”，所以此处需要用动词不定式作后置定语，修饰ability，表示“断开连接的能力”，故填to disconnect。 20.The Beijing Central Axis, (stretch) 7.8 kilometers from the Yongding Gate in the south to the Drum and Bell Towers in the north, was constructed based on ancient architectural philosophies (shape) and define an ideal layout for a capital city then. The Central Axis dates back to the Yuan Dynasty, while its length was extended in the Ming and Qing dynasties. 【答案】39．stretching 40．to shape 39．考查非谓语动词。句意：北京中轴线从南端的永定门延伸到北端的钟鼓楼，全长7.8公里，其建设基于古代建筑理念，旨在塑造和定义当时理想的都城布局。此处作定语，修饰The Beijing Central Axis，The Beijing Central Axis与stretch之间为主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语，故填stretching。 40．考查不定式。句意：同上。此处意为“其设计建设基于古代建筑理念的目的是为了塑造和定义当时理想的都城布局”，故应用不定式作目的状语，故填to shape。 21.（2024-2025学年北京市八一学校高三下学期开学考） However, you may have the power 3 (make) the world better with baby steps. That’s the idea behind the BA Challenge, which is a public service campaign co-initiated by Alibaba and Sina Weibo. 考查不定式。句意：然而，你可能拥有用一小步让世界变得更美好的力量。“have the power to do sth.”，意为“有能力做某事”，动词不定式作后置定语，修饰power。故填to make。 22.（2024-2025学年北京市八一学校高三下学期开学考）A few days later, she put her video skills to use, 6 (share) a video online that highlighted the new hobbies7 (hobby) she’d found time to take up after being laid off, such as painting, dancing and etc. 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：几天后，她开始运用自己的视频技能，在网上分享了一段视频，突出了她失业后抽出时间培养的新爱好，比如绘画、跳舞等。此处为非谓语动词作伴随状语，share和逻辑主语she为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填sharing。 23.（2024-2025学年北京市北京景山学校高三下开学考）Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new gel that can lock in more water in the face of fires. When 2 (apply) to the surface of buildings, this gel forms a wet shield. 考查状语从句的省略。句意：当应用于建筑物表面时，这种凝胶形成湿屏蔽。when引导的从句表示“当这种凝胶被应用于建筑物表面时”，由forms可知，从句用一般现在时的被动语态，是when this gel is applied to the surface of buildings，时间状语从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是applied。故填applied。 24.（2024-2025学年北京市第二十二中学高三下学期开学考）In the performance, 16 robots 6 (produce) by Chinese robotics company Unitree, dressing in northeastern Chinese style floral padded jackets, performed together with dancers from China’s Xinjiang Art Institute. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在表演中，16个由中国机器人公司Unitree生产的机器人穿着中国东北风格的花棉袄，与中国新疆艺术学院的舞者一起表演。句子的谓语动词为performed，空处应用非谓语动词，produce和逻辑主语16 robots之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填produced。 25.（2024-2025学年北京市第二十二中学高三下学期开学考）Animated feature “Ne Zha 2” has surpassed 2021 war epic “The Battle at Lake Changjin” 9 (become) the highest-grossing film of all time in China. 考查非谓语动词。句意：动画电影《哪吒2》已经超过了2021年的战争史诗《长津湖》，成为中国有史以来票房最高的电影。become的逻辑主语是Animated feature “Ne Zha 2”，此处表示结果，使用动词不定式作结果状语，故填to become。 26.（2024-2025学年北京市第二十二中学高三下学期开学考）As of 1:25p. m. Thursday, this animated blockbuster’s box office revenue had exceeded 5.77 billion yuan, 9 (achieve) the milestone in just eight days and five hours. 考查非谓语动词。句意：截至周四下午1点25分，这部动画大片的票房收入已超过57.7亿元，仅用了8天零5个小时就达到了这一里程碑。achieve的逻辑主语是box office revenue，两者之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填achieving。 27.（2024-2025学年北京市房山区2高三上学期期末）We surveyed 1,065 students 3 (determine) if smartphone addiction affects sleep. 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们调查了1065名学生，以确定智能手机成瘾是否会影响睡眠。句中用不定式作目的状语，表示“为了确定”。故填to determine。 28. (compare) with other global competitors, China is positioned better to achieve higher output of humanoid robots at lower costs. 【答案】 41．Compared 41．考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他全球竞争对手相比，中国更有优势以更低的成本实现更高的人形机器人产量。“(compare) with other global competitors”作比较状语，compare(比较)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语China之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Compared。 29.（2024-2025学年北京市海淀区高三上学期期末） 7 (avoid) this bias, leaders should ensure that everyone at the table has a voice and that all options are considered in order to work toward a better solution. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了避免这种偏见，领导者应该确保每个人都有发言权，并考虑所有的选择，以寻求更好的解决方案。此处avoid作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填To avoid。 30.（2024-2025学年北京市海淀区高三上学期期末）The largest desert in China, the Taklamakan Desert, is now completely encircled by a green belt 8 (stretch) 3,046 km. This is part of China’s Three-North Shelter Belt Forest Program to address desertification and restore ecological balance. 考查现在分词。句意：全长3,046公里的绿色带现在完全环绕着中国最大的沙漠——塔克拉玛干沙漠。此处green belt和stretch在逻辑上是主动关系，故用现在分词形式stretching作后置定语修饰green belt。故填stretching。 考向03 提示词是名词 1.（2025年·海淀·二模）Weight loss success ___16___ (story) highlight balanced diets over extreme measures. Many adopt gradual, mindful eating habits, such as seasonal and local food, for long-term health. 【16题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：减肥成功案例强调平衡饮食胜于极端的节食方式。空格处是句子的主语，谓语动词highlight是复数形式，所以story应用复数。故填stories。 2.（2025年·西城·一模）Last summer, I joined a community garden project in my neighborhood. At first, I was nervous about working with _____11_____ (stranger), but everyone was welcoming and enthusiastic. 【11题详解】考查名词复数。句意：起初，我对和陌生人一起工作感到紧张，但每个人都很热情好客。前文没有冠词，表示数量大于一用复数形式。故填strangers。 3.（2025年·丰台·二模）The culture remains useful today to direct people’s lives through special foods, cultural ____20____(ceremony) and healthy living tips. 【20题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：这种文化在今天仍然有用，通过特殊的食物、文化仪式和健康生活小贴士来指导人们的生活。此处与上文的special foods和下文的healthy living tips为并列关系， ceremony意为“仪式”为可数名词单数，所以此处也应用复数形式 ceremonies，表示泛指意义。故填ceremonies。 4.（2024-2025学年北京市通州区高三上学期期末） Most obviously, the young generation gradually change their attitude toward life, pursuing quality leisure time while being occupied with demanding workloads, with 10 (limit) time for exploration. 考查形容词。句意：最明显的是，年轻一代逐渐改变了他们的生活态度，在被繁重的工作所占据的同时，追求高质量的休闲时间，只有有限的时间去探索。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，limit和time之间是被动关系，用-ed形式。故填limited。 5.（2024-2025学年北京师范大学第二附属中学高三下学期统练3）But there generally isn’t enough genetic variation between groups to allow 31 (nature) selection to favor more cooperative ones. 考查形容词。句意：但通常群体之间没有足够的基因变异来让自然选择青睐更合作的群体。此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词，nature的形容词形式是natural，“natural selection”意为“自然选择”，故填natural。 6.（2024-2025学年北京市第二十二中学高三下学期开学考）The humanoid robots can not only 7 (smooth) twist their waists and mimic human leg-kicking movements, but also spin handkerchiefs, displaying extremely dexterous 8 (action). 7.考查非谓语动词。句意：在表演中，16个由中国机器人公司Unitree生产的机器人穿着中国东北风格的花棉袄，与中国新疆艺术学院的舞者一起表演。句子的谓语动词为performed，空处应用非谓语动词，produce和逻辑主语16 robots之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填produced。 8.考查副词。句意：人形机器人不仅能流畅地扭动腰部，模仿人类的踢腿动作，还能转手帕，动作极其灵巧。空处修饰动词twist，应用副词形式，故填smoothly。 88．考查名词复数。句意：同上。action是可数名词，根据语境，机器人展示出的动作不止一个，空处应用名词复数形式，故填actions。 7.Here, a city unfolds before your very eyes where you listen to the dialogue between culture and wisdom, interpret the cultural thoughts condensed (浓缩) in a historical context, experience ancient feelings with a 62 (poet) flavor, and picture the dream in your minds. 【答案】 62．poetic 62．考查形容词。句意同上。此处修饰名词flavor，应用形容词poetic“诗意的”，作定语。故填poetic。 8.The website’s detailed information about speakers, including ethnic background and education, makes it more engaging and 4 (access) than traditional language research platforms, aiming to preserve the unique appeal of each dialect. 【答案】 accessible 64．考查形容词。句意：该网站提供了使用者的详细信息，包括种族背景和教育程度，使其比传统的语言研究平台更具吸引力和可访问性，旨在保留每种方言的独特吸引力。根据空格前的makes it more engaging and可知，空格处应该用形容词accessible与形容词engaging并列作补足语。故填accessible。 9.Spanish media also highlighted the 43 (emotion) moment, with many fans applauding her sportsmanship. 【答案】 43．emotional 43．考查形容词。句意：西班牙媒体也强调了这一激动人心的时刻，许多球迷称赞她的体育精神。分析句子可知，“moment”为名词，空格处应用形容词，作定语，“emotional”意为“激动人心的”，形容词词性。故填emotional。 10.Since the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, carpenters have produced many sunmao structures and a whole set of 43 (system) methods has been invented. 【答案】systematic 【解析】考查形容词。句意：自商周以来，木匠们制作了许多榫卯结构，并发明了一整套系统的方法。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词methods，system的形容词是systematic，意为“系统的”。故填systematic。 11.Most of these artifacts were unearthed in the Provinces of Gansu, Qinghai and Shaanxi, and estimated to have high historical, artistic and 38 (science) values. Among the identified relics was also painted pottery of Majiayao culture, an ancient Chinese culture dating back to more than 5,000 years ago. 【答案】scientific 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这些文物大多出土于甘肃、青海和陕西等省，据估计具有很高的历史、艺术和科学价值。设空处与historical和artistic并列，修饰名词作定语，应用形容词scientific“科学的”，故填scientific。 12.Protesters gathered in front of the Highe Table and urged the University to drop the 39 (crime) charges against the four students recently charged with second-degree criminal mischief, saying that the University’ s response is disproportionate compared to other bias-related incident reports. 【答案】criminal 【解析】考查形容词。句意：聚集在高桌前的示威队表示：“与其他与偏见相关的事件报道相比，大学的反应太过分了。”并敦促大学撤销对最近被指控犯有二级刑事破坏罪的4名学生的刑事起诉。criminal charges表示“刑事指控”，用形容词criminal“刑事的”作定语。故填criminal。 13.It’s all about taking good tea (leaf) and maybe adding some pretty rosebuds to make it fancy. 【答案】leaves 【解析】考查名词复数形式。句意：这都是关于选择好的茶叶，也许加入一些漂亮的玫瑰花蕾，让它变得别致。leaf“叶子”为可数名词，结合句意可知，此处为复数名词leaves作宾语成分。故填leaves。 14.We can’t seem to make up our (mind) whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. 【答案】minds 【详解】考查名词的复数。句意：我们似乎拿不定主意是要一个现代化的城市还是一个传统的城市。make up one’s mind中mind的数和one’s的数一致，由our可知，空格处用复数，故填minds。 15．Long-living women are also more likely to be (sympathy) and cooperative than women with a normal life span. 【答案】sympathetic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：长寿的女性也比正常寿命的女性更有可能具有同情心和合作精神。作表语，用形容词sympathetic，故填sympathetic。 考向04 提示词是形容词、副词 1.（2025年·海淀·二模）However, research ____19____ (consistent) shows that social relationships are vital for mental and physical well-being. 【19题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，最新研究持续印证：社交关系对心理和身体健康至关重要。空格处修饰下文的动词shows，作状语，应该用副词consistently。故填consistently。 2.（2025年·平谷·一模）Hainan Free Trade Port is ____11____ (large) free trade port in the world, with rich tourism resources and unique culture. There are beautiful beaches, quality hot springs, unique rainforests, rich cuisine and wedding tourism bases. ...With its high-quality services and diverse and inclusive cultural atmosphere, Hainan ____13____ (sincere) welcomes tourists from all over the world to experience a unique island trip. 【11题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：海南自由贸易港是世界上最大的自由贸易港，拥有丰富的旅游资源和独特的文化。根据句中in the world可知，空处应用形容词large的最高级形式the largest来修饰free trade port，表示“最大的自由贸易港”。故填the largest。 【13题详解】 考查副词。句意：海南以其优质的服务和多元包容的文化氛围，真诚欢迎世界各地的游客来体验独特的海岛之旅。空处修饰动词welcomes，应用副词sincerely“真诚地”，作状语。故填sincerely。 3.（2025年·顺义·一模）As the parents were about to get off the bus, they thanked the teen ___13___ (sincere) and the teen said he was happy to help. 【13题详解】 考查副词。句意：当父母准备下车时，他们真诚地感谢了那个青少年，而青少年表示他很乐意帮忙。修饰动词thanked，需用副词sincerely，作状语。故填sincerely。 4.（2025年·西城·一模） It made me realize how powerful _____13_____ (kind) can be!【13题详解】 考查名词。句意：这让我意识到善良的力量是多么强大！此处作从句的主语，应用名词kindness，不可数。故填kindness。 5.（2025年·丰台·二模）Huang Xuhua (1924.2-2025.2) was one of the ____11____ (quiet) yet most remarkable national heroes. 【11题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：黄旭华（1924.2 - 2025.2）是最默默无闻却又最为卓越的民族英雄之一。此处为“one of the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”结构，表示 “最……之一”，所以此处为形容quiet的最高级形式 quietest。故填quietest。 6.（2025年·昌平·一模）Once you find a style you enjoy, you will be ____16____ (cheerful) than ever. 【16题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：一旦你找到了自己喜欢的运动风格，你会比以往更快乐。根据 than ever可知，此处用形容词比较级，cheerful的比较级是more cheerful。故填more cheerful。 7.（2025年·昌平·一模）However, used ____19____ (wise), these platforms can promote cultural exchange. 【19题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，如果使用得当，这些平台可以促进文化交流。空格处用副词wisely修饰动词used，wisely意为“明智地”，故填wisely。 8.（2025年·东城·一模）However, it is important to use AI responsibly — it should complement, not replace, the role of teachers and students. Ensuring ____19____ (fair), privacy, and ethical use is essential. 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：确保公平、隐私和道德使用是至关重要的。空处需用名词作动词Ensuring的宾语，fair的名词为fairness，表示“公平”，是不可数名词。故填fairness。 9.（2025年·朝阳·一模）It practises many times and gets ____16____ (good), much like how students master maths. 【16题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：它反复练习，然后变得越来越好，就像学生如何掌握数学一样。空处应用形容词作表语；根据“practises many times”可知，空处指多次练习作对比，变得更好，应用比较级形式。故填better。 10.（2024-2025学年北京市八一学校高三下学期开学考）Faced with health or nutrition questions, it is 68 (increase) common for people to go online and diagnose themselves. 考查副词。句意：面对健康或营养问题，人们上网自我诊断越来越普遍。由副词修饰形容词可知，这里修饰形容词“common”，需要用副词形式。“increase”的副词形式是“increasingly”，表示“越来越多地；日益”。故填increasingly。 11.（2024-2025学年北京市北京景山学校高三下开学考）As climate change creates hotter, 1 (dry) conditions, wildfires are becoming more frequent and severe, destroying homes and ecosystems. 考查比较级。句意：随着气候变化造成更热、更干燥的环境，野火变得越来越频繁和严重，摧毁了家园和生态系统。由hotter可知，空格处用比较级，dry的比较级是drier，意为“更干燥的”，故填drier。 12.For a long time now, China has been aware of the (significant) put on architectural inheritance. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】significance 【详解】考查名词。句意：很长一段时间以来，中国一直意识到建筑传承的重要性。空处作宾语，前面有the修饰，应填名词形式，significance为不可数名词，表“重要性”，符合语境。故填significance。 13.The (cruel) of testing cosmetics on rabbits should be outlawed worldwide. 【答案】cruelty 【详解】考查名词。句意：用兔子做化妆品试验的残忍行为应该在全世界范围内被禁止。由the和of可知，空格处用名词，cruel的名词是cruelty，意为“残忍”，是不可数名词，故填cruelty。 14.There are stories about his (generous), and the massive amounts of money he gave to charities. 【答案】generosity 【详解】考查名词。句意：关于他的慷慨，以及他向慈善机构捐赠的大量资金，有很多故事。形容词性物主代词his后接名词形式。generous的名词形式为generosity，为“慷慨”之意，为不可数名词，故填generosity。 15 Since I had a fear of needles, I was _____________(willing) to take his advice. But by this time I was so tired that I was prepared to try almost anything. 【答案】unwilling 【详解】句子开头提到“我”有针头恐惧症（fear of needles），因此“我”不愿意接受他的建议。后半句提到“但这时我太累了，几乎什么都愿意尝试”，前后形成转折关系，进一步说明前半句表达的是“不愿意”。因此，填入 unwilling 。 考向05 提示词是代词和数词 1.（2025年·朝阳·二模）Similarly, a live album allows fans to relive the experience and enjoy ___20___ (they) as if they were in the scene. 【20题详解】 考查代词。句意：同样，现场专辑让粉丝们可以重温这种体验，享受其中，就像他们在现场一样。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，固定搭配，所以空处需用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 2.（2025年·海淀·一模） To create a follow-up movie, he immersed ____13____ (he) in perfecting storytelling and cutting-edge effects, often working 16-hour days. 【13题详解】 考查代词。句意：为了创作续集，他全身心投入到完善故事和尖端特效中，经常每天工作16个小时。immerse oneself in为固定短语，表示“全身心投入”，此处应用反身代词himself，表示“他自己”。故填himself。 3.Over time, I’ve found ____40____ (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. 答案：myself。 解析：考查反身代词。句意：随着时间的推移，我发现自己在这里有了宾至如归的感觉。本空指代主语I，表示“我自己”，应用反身代词myself。故填myself。 Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents. 答案：their。 解析：考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 4.As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____________ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit. mine 【解析】考查代词。上文提到“in the visitor’s memory”，此处相当于“in my memory”，所以用mine代替my memory。 5.In order to better adapt ___________ (we) to new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. 【答案】ourselves 【详解】考查反身代词。句意：为了更好地使自己适应新环境，我们必须准备好并愿意学习新技能。adapt oneself to...是固定短语，意为“使自己适应……”。空处应用反身代词ourselves作动词adapt的宾语，表示动作的执行者和承受者是同一人。故填ourselves。 6.The New World Press (NWP) has hosted the book launch event for the latest additions to (it) “Foreigners Tell Chinese Stories” series — Home Is Where My Heart Is (English version) and La Distancia No Crea Barreras (Spanish version) at the 36th Beijing Book Fair that was held in January, 2024． 【答案】its 【解析】考查代词。句意：新世界出版社在2024年1月举行的第36届北京书展上举办了“外国人讲中国故事”系列新作《我心安处是故乡：我的中国故事》（英文版）和《跨越山海的缘分：我的中国故事》（西文版）的新书发布会。空处修饰后面的名词短语，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 7.At the conference, sporting the theme of “Interconnection, Integration, Inheritance, Innovation,” delegates (代表) found (they) closely connected to the Global Civilization Initiative (GCI), which advocates respect for the diversity of civilizations, the common values of humanity, the importance of inheritance and innovation of civilizations. 【答案】themselves 【解析】考查反身代词。句意：在以“联通融合 传承创新”为主题的会议上，代表们发现自己与全球文明倡议（GCI）密切相关，该倡议倡导尊重文明的多样性，人类的共同价值观，以及文明传承和创新的重要性。此处found这一动作的实施者和承受者为同一人，空处应用they的反身代词形式themselves，意为“他们自己”。故填themselves。 8.Today, during the Spring Festival, people carry on the tradition of hanging red lanterns, setting off fireworks in the hope of ridding (them) of evil spirits and attracting good luck. 【答案】themselves 【解析】考查反身代词。句意：如今，在春节期间，人们延续着挂红灯笼、放烟花的传统，希望借此驱邪避凶，招来好运。空处为代词担当宾语，表示主语本身，用反身代词。故填themselves。 9.Rooted in Chinese mythology, Ne Zha 2 retells ancient stories with a modern twist. Born with unique powers, Ne Zha finds (he) as an outcast (被排斥的人) who is feared and even hated. 【答案】himself 【解析】考查代词。句意：哪吒天生拥有独特的力量，却发现自己是一个被排斥的人，让人害怕，甚至憎恨。句子的主语和宾语是同一人，所以空格处应该用反身代词himself作宾语。故填himself。 10..In the food experience session, guests enjoyed traditional Chinese delicacies such as bingtang hulu and dao xiao mian, further deepening (they) understanding and appreciation of Chinese culture. 【答案】their 【解析】考查代词。句意：在美食体验环节，嘉宾们品尝了冰塘葫芦、刀削面等中国传统美食，进一步加深了对中国文化的了解和欣赏。空处修饰understanding和appreciation，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 11. We’ll have a surprise party for my mother’s ________ (forty) birthday next Saturday. 【答案】fortieth 【解析】考查序数词。句意：下周六我们将为我母亲的四十岁生日举行一个惊喜聚会。空前虽然没有定冠词the，但是有名词所有格形式my mother’s，所以这里表示“第四个”生日，用序数词表示顺序，forty的序数词是fortieth。故答案为fortieth。 12. He Jiong became famous as a host in China in his ___________ (20). 【答案】twenties 【解析】考查基数词的固定用法。句意：何炅在20多岁时成为中国著名主持人。固定搭配：in ones +整10的基数词的复数形式，表示“在某人几十几岁时”。故答案为twenties。 13. You’d better go home to see your parents ______________________(two) a week. They need more care. 【答案】twice 【解析】考查固定用法。句意：你最好每周回家看你父母两次。他们需要更多的照顾。twice意为“两次，两倍”，twice a week“一周两次”。故答案为twice。 14.She is a remarkable athlete , known for her outstanding speed and skill, making her (two) only to the world champion in her sport. 【答案】second 【详解】考查序数词。句意：她是一名杰出的运动员，以她出色的速度和技巧而闻名，使她在该运动中仅次于世界冠军。根据下文“only to the world champion”可知是第二名，所以应用序数词，故填second。 15．We live on the floor and can have a good view of Dianchi Lake. (twelve) 【答案】twelfth 【详解】考查序数词。句意：我们住在12楼，可以看到滇池的美景。表示“在第几层楼”要用序数词。所给词 twelve 是基数词，其序数词形式是 twelfth。故填 twelfth。 题型一 阅读理解 （2025·北京市海淀区·二模）If you’ve ever hung around scientists, you’ve most likely heard one of them say “the best explanation is the simplest one.” But is it? From the behavior of ants to the occurrence of tornadoes, the natural world is often quite complex. Why should we assume the simplest explanation is closest to the truth? This idea is known as Occam’s (or Ockham’s) razor. It’s also referred to as “rule of economy”. And it bears a family relationship to the “principle of least astonishment,” which holds that if an explanation is too surprising, it’s probably not right. The name comes from William of Ockham, a 14th-century scholastic philosopher. He formulated the principle that “entities (实体) should not be multiplied beyond necessity.” The philosophical claim is a form of ontological minimalism: we should not invoke entities unless we have evidence that they exist. In other words: don’t make stuff up. In 1687, Isaac Newton expanded on the notion with his concept of a vera causa — a true cause, stating that we should admit only causes that were both true and sufficient to explain natural phenomena. He added that Nature did nothing in vain and Nature was pleased with simplicity. Although Newton was a great scientist, this claim seems odd. Who is to say what “pleases Nature”? Doesn’t this guidance assume we know what we are in fact trying to figure out? Consider the world of Physics filled with explanations that are surprising, unexpected and hard to get your head around. Newton explained light as being made of particles, whereas other scientists explained it as a wave. Quantum mechanics, however, tells us light is both a wave and a particle. Newton’s account was simpler, but modern physics tells us the more complex model is closer to the truth. When we turn to biology, things get even more complicated. Imagine two smokers, both of whom went through a pack a day for 30 years. One gets cancer; the other doesn’t. The simplest explanation? For decades the tobacco industry’s answer was that smoking doesn’t cause cancer. Simple but false. In fact, disease is complex, and we don’t yet understand all the factors involved in cancer. Occam’s razor is not a fact or even a theory. It’s a metaphysical (形而上学的) principle: an idea held independently of empirical (实证的) evidence. In human affairs, things are more often than not complex. Human motivations are typically multiple. People can be good and bad at the same time, selfish and selfless, depending on circumstances. The shelves of ethicists are filled with books pondering why good people do bad things, and their answers are rarely short and sweet. Our explanations should match the world as best as we can make them. Science is about allowing things to unfold naturally, and sometimes this means accepting that the truth is not simple, even if it would make our lives easier if it were. 28．Occam’s razor indicates that_________. A．simpler explanations should be preferred B．reasonable explanations can’t be surprising C．explanations should be consistent with purposes D．sufficient causes can explain natural phenomena 29．What can we learn from this passage? A．Newton offered solid empirical support to Occam’s razor. B．The tobacco industry’s response is in line with Occam’s razor. C．Quantum mechanics confirms Newton’s particle theory of light. D．Ethicists argue human complexity results in multiple motivations. 30．It’s implied in the passage that we need to ________. A．follow the laws of nature B．interpret the world as it is C．balance accuracy and simplicity D．highlight the existence of entities 【答案】28．A 29．B 30．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了“奥卡姆剃刀”认为最简单的解释最接近真相，但牛顿的理论及物理中光的解释、生物学中吸烟与癌症的关系表明，自然和人类事务都很复杂。奥卡姆剃刀是形而上学原则，科学应让事物自然展现，真相往往并非简单，不应一味追求简单的解释。 28．推理判断题。根据第一段“If you’ve ever hung around scientists, you’ve most likely heard one of them say “the best explanation is the simplest one.”(如果你曾经和科学家在一起，你很可能会听到他们中的一个人说：“最好的解释是最简单的。”)”以及第二段“He formulated the principle that “entities (实体) should not be multiplied beyond necessity.”(他提出了这样一个原则：“如无必要，勿增实体”)”可知，奥卡姆剃刀理论表明，更简单的解释更可取。故选A。 29．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“When we turn to biology, things get even more complicated. Imagine two smokers, both of whom went through a pack a day for 30 years. One gets cancer; the other doesn’t. The simplest explanation? For decades the tobacco industry’s answer was that smoking doesn’t cause cancer. Simple but false. In fact, disease is complex, and we don’t yet understand all the factors involved in cancer.(当我们转向生物学时，事情变得更加复杂。想象一下，有两个吸烟者，他们每天吸一包烟，持续了30年。一个得了癌症；另一个没有。最简单的解释是什么？几十年来，烟草行业的答案是吸烟不会致癌。简单但错误。事实上，疾病是复杂的，我们还不了解与癌症有关的所有因素)”可知，烟草业用“吸烟不致癌”这一简单但错误的解释，虽违背事实，但其逻辑符合奥卡姆剃刀的表面原则（优先简单解释）。故选B。 30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Our explanations should match the world as best as we can make them. Science is about allowing things to unfold naturally, and sometimes this means accepting that the truth is not simple, even if it would make our lives easier if it were.(我们的解释应该尽可能符合现实。科学是关于让事物自然展开的，有时这意味着接受事实并不简单，即使事实简单会让我们的生活更容易)”可知，我们需要如实地解读世界。故选B。 2 （2025·北京东城·一模）Anyone with insomnia knows the impatience and frustration that accompanies sleeplessness. You long for a button that could instantly dampen all that mental activity.The idea of a mental switch is not far-fetched. Most neuroscientists now agree that our wakefulness is coordinated by a tiny bundle of neurons (一小束神经元) known as the “locus coeruleus” (LC), Latin for “blue dot”. It is a literal description: the neurons in the locus coeruleus have the blue colour from the production of a particular neurotransmitter, called norepinephrine. Norepinephrine raises the chance that a neuron will “fire” with an electric current. When they become active, cells in the locus coeruleus pass bundles of this neurotransmitter along their projections to other regions of the brain-enhancing the communication between the neurons in that area. There are slight differences in the process. Depending on the types of receptors they have, some neurons are more sensitive to smaller amounts of norepinephrine, while others only respond to higher thresholds. This means that, as the locus coeruleus activity rises, it will start to affect some brain areas more than others, which can have dramatic effects on things like our focus, concentration and creativity. Given the blue dot’s role, it makes sense that it would be quietest at night during sleep. It is not entirely silent, however, but fires occasionally-and recent research by Anita Lüthi at the University of Lausanne suggests that this activity may determine the quality of our sleeps. Across the night, we alternate between different sleep stages. There is “rapid eye movement” (REM) sleep, which is associated with vivid dreaming and is thought to be crucial for processing and consolidating memories. Much of our rest, however,is spent in non-REM (NREM) sleep, during which the brain may engage in a deep clean, clearing away cellular waste. Measuring brain activity in dozing mice, Anita found NREM sleep was associated with temporary bursts of locus coeruleus activity every 50 seconds. As a result, the animal was more sensitive to outside stimuli, like noises-without fully waking. “It’s generating this state of enhanced vigilance (警觉),” Anita says. “It really gives you this idea that wakefulness can be graded in the brain.” The beginning of REM sleep was almost always associated with low locus coeruleus activity. “That transition to REM sleep has to be very well controlled,” says Anita, “because in REM sleep, we have atonia.” That’s the temporary paralysis (麻痹) of our body, which prevents us from physically acting out our dreams. Anita emphasises that her experiments were conducted in mice, so we still need to confirm that the blue dot plays a similar role in human sleep. If so, she suspects that altered locus coeruleus activity could be implicated in conditions — such as anxiety — that may contribute to disordered sleep. She found that exposing her laboratory mice to mild sources of stress — such as knocking on their cage — raised the blue dot’s activity and increased their vigilance throughout the night, resulting in fragmented sleep. 27．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Neurons. B．Electric currents. C．Projections. D．Neurotransmitters. 28．According to the passage, what is the role of the LC? A．Producing receptors. B．Preserving cell sensitivity. C．Monitoring brain activity. D．Improving neural connectivity. 29．Which of the following may Anita Lüthi agree with? A．The blue dot fires regularly at night. B．Stress has an impact on the LC activity. C．Low LC activity can help clean cellular waste. D．Atonia results from sudden bursts of brain activity. 30．What might be the next step of the research? A．Grading the wakefulness of human brains. B．Unlocking the mechanism of sleep disorder. C．Assessing the function of the blue dot on humans. D．Identifying approaches to altering the LC activity. 【答案】27．A 28．D 29．B 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了蓝斑核在睡眠和觉醒中的作用及其相关研究。 27．词句猜测题。根据第二段“It is a literal description: the neurons in the locus coeruleus have the blue colour from the production of a particular neurotransmitter, called norepinephrine. Norepinephrine raises the chance that a neuron will ‘fire’ with an electric current. When they become active, cells in the locus coeruleus pass bundles of this neurotransmitter along their projections to other regions of the brain-enhancing the communication between the neurons in that area.(这是一个直白的描述：蓝斑核中的神经元因产生一种名为去甲肾上腺素的特殊神经递质而呈现蓝色。去甲肾上腺素增加了神经元通过电流 “放电” 的可能性。当它们变得活跃时，蓝斑核中的细胞会沿着它们的投射将这种神经递质束传递到大脑的其他区域，从而增强该区域神经元之间的交流)”可知，“they”指代的是前文中提到的“the neurons in the locus coeruleus”，即“Neurons(神经元)”。故选A。 28．细节理解题。根据第二段中“When they become active, cells in the locus coeruleus pass bundles of this neurotransmitter along their projections to other regions of the brain-enhancing the communication between the neurons in that area.(当它们变得活跃时，蓝斑核中的细胞会沿着它们的突起将一束束这种神经递质传递到大脑的其他区域，增强该区域神经元之间的通信)”可知，蓝斑核（LC）的作用是改善神经连接，增强神经元之间的通信。故选D。 29．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“She found that exposing her laboratory mice to mild sources of stress — such as knocking on their cage — raised the blue dot’s activity and increased their vigilance throughout the night, resulting in fragmented sleep.(她发现，让实验小鼠暴露于轻微的压力源下，比如敲它们的笼子，会提高蓝斑核的活动水平，并增加它们整晚的警觉性，导致睡眠碎片化)”可知，Anita Lüthi可能会同意B选项“压力对蓝斑核活动有影响”。故选B。 30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Anita emphasises that her experiments were conducted in mice, so we still need to confirm that the blue dot plays a similar role in human sleep.(Anita强调，她的实验是在小鼠身上进行的，所以我们仍然需要确认蓝斑核在人类睡眠中是否扮演类似的角色)”可知，下一步的研究可能是评估蓝斑核在人类身上的功能。故选C。 题型二 完形填空 （2025·北京东城·一模）Rebecca remembers the first time she was upset by the sight of hundreds of roses. It was after a wedding reception last year as she was cleaning up the room. “Nobody had 1 for what to do with all of the flowers after the wedding. We collected as many as we could in our cars, but there were so many left over. When we were throwing all these roses into trash bags, I felt 2 about the waste,” said Rebecca. Late last year, Rebecca and her friend Laura Ruth both were mourning (悼念) their fathers when they began talking about the flowers that they received. The flowers were a 3 , but made them think about the nationwide problem of floral waste. Then, they started a nonprofit, Friendly City Florals, to reuse flowers 4 from weddings and floral shops in the area. “We’ve put the 5 out everywhere that if you have too many flowers and don’t know what to do with them, we’ll 6 them off your hands,” Rebecca said. They now devote several days a week to picking up flowers, freshening and delivering them to senior care homes, hospitals and schools in their area. The donated flowers are 7 welcome at the Community Retirement Centre. “It’s a 8 way to give our residents joy and purpose. Seeing all those flowers instantly brightens up their day,” the centre’s manager said. Rebecca and Laura are not the first to 9 flowers: A Virginia doctor collects flowers and donates them to her hospital patients. But the pair hope the idea 10 even more around the country. “If our flowers give one person a few moments of happiness on a difficult day, then it’s all worthwhile,” Rebecca said. 1．A．paid B．applied C．hoped D．planned 2．A．confused B．impatient C．terrible D．curious 3．A．symbol B．comfort C．reminder D．wonder 4．A．purchased B．borrowed C．separated D．donated 5．A．word B．signal C．effort D．task 6．A．set B．take C．hold D．keep 7．A．still B．already C．always D．even 8．A．funny B．creative C．traditional D．formal 9．A．exhibit B．preserve C．harvest D．repurpose 10．A．catches on B．comes up C．runs off D．stands out 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Rebecca和Laura创立非营利组织重新利用婚礼等剩余鲜花的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人计划好婚礼后怎么处理这些花。A. paid支付；B. applied申请；C. hoped希望；D. planned计划。根据后文“for what to do with all of the flowers after the wedding”可知，没有人计划好婚礼后怎么处理花，故选D。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们把所有的玫瑰扔进垃圾袋时，我为这种浪费感到难过。A. confused困惑的；B. impatient不耐烦的；C. terrible糟糕的；D. curious好奇的。根据前文“When we were throwing all these roses into trash bags”和后文“about the waste”可知，作者为浪费感到难过。故选C。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些花是一种安慰，但也让他们想到了全国性的花卉浪费问题。A. symbol象征；B. comfort安慰；C. reminder提醒；D. wonder奇迹。根据上文“Rebecca and her friend Laura Ruth both were mourning (悼念) their fathers when they began talking about the flowers that they received.”可知，这些花是在悼念父亲时收到的，是一种安慰。故选B。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他们创办了一个非营利组织Friendly City Florals，重新利用当地婚礼和花店捐赠的鲜花。A. purchased购买；B. borrowed借来；C. separated分开；D. donated捐赠。根据后文“from weddings and floral shops in the area”以及第7空前“The donated flowers”可知，这些花是当地婚礼和花店捐赠的。故选D。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经到处宣传，如果你有太多的花，不知道如何处理它们，我们会帮你处理。A. word话语；B. signal信号；C. effort努力；D. task任务。根据后文“out everywhere that if you have too many flowers and don’t know what to do with them”可知，这里指到处宣传如何处理花，put the word out表示“放出风声，宣传”。故选A。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们已经到处宣传，如果你有太多的花，不知道如何处理它们，我们会帮你处理。A. set设置；B. take带走；C. hold持有；D. keep保持。根据后文“them off your hands”可知，这里指帮助处理花，take sth. off one’s hands表示“替某人处理某事”。故选B。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：捐赠的鲜花在社区退休中心总是很受欢迎。A. still仍然；B. already已经；C. always总是；D. even甚至。根据后文“Seeing all those flowers instantly brightens up their day”可知，捐赠的鲜花在社区退休中心总是很受欢迎。故选C。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种让我们的居民感到快乐和有意义的创造性方式。A. funny有趣的；B. creative创造性的；C. traditional传统的；D. formal正式的。根据后文“way to give our residents joy and purpose”可知， 把剩下或捐赠的鲜花送给居民是一种创造性的方式。故选B。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rebecca和Laura并不是第一个重新利用鲜花的人：弗吉尼亚州的一位医生收集鲜花并捐赠给她的医院病人。A. exhibit展览；B. preserve保存；C. harvest收获；D. repurpose重新利用。根据后文“A Virginia doctor collects flowers and donates them to her hospital patients”可知，此处指重新利用鲜花。故选D。 10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但这对搭档希望这个想法能在全国范围内流行起来。A. catches on变得流行；B. comes up走近；C. runs off逃跑；D. stands out突出。根据后文“even more around the country”指希望这个想法能在全国范围内流行起来。故选A。 2025年 Text 1 【2025全国一卷】An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 56 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. Go is one of 57 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope 58 (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘ 59 (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. “The players’ personalities 60 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent 62 no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 63 (strategy) placement of the pieces, 64 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. 【答案】 56．which 57．the 58．to present 59．guidance 60．are revealed 61．tries 62．by 63．strategic/strategical 64．and 65．digitally 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。 56．56. 考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 57．考查冠词。句意：围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。 59．考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作follow的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。 60．考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ personalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。 61．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。 62．考查介词。句意同上。“by+具体数值”表示“以（某一差值）”，此处指“以一到两分的优势”，符合语境。故填by。 63．考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement，需用形容词strategic或者strategical“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic/strategical。 64．64. 考查连词。句意同上。the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement of the pieces, the energy flow following each move三者为并列关系，作并列主语，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。 65．考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。 Text 2 【2025浙江1月卷】The price of fashion — economically and environmentally — has led to the rise of 56 new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too. As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer 57 (time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. “I think it’s an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 58 the fact that they have something unique to wear 59 are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.” Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women 60 (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive 61 (solve) to one-time event dressing. The concept 62 (be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies. Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, 63 she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. “I really want to make this work for 64 (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean 65 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. 【答案】 56．a 57．times 58．on 59．and 60．to rent 61．solution 62．is 63．which 64．people’s 65．returning 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了服装租赁服务在澳大利亚兴起的现象。 56．考查冠词。句意：时尚在经济和环境方面的代价催生了一种新的穿衣方式，这种方式也开始在澳大利亚流行起来。可数名词way在句中表示“一种方式”，泛指，且new发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 57．考查名词。句意：由于人们现在选择少穿的衣服更多了，服装租赁服务越来越受欢迎。time表示“次数”时是可数名词，fewer修饰可数名词复数形式。故填times。 58．考查介词。句意：如今的顾客不再关注衣服是二手的这一事实，而是关注他们有独特的衣服可穿，并且不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满当当，也不会造成垃圾填埋问题。focus on是固定短语，意为“关注，聚焦于”。故填on。 59．考查连词。句意：如今的顾客不再关注衣服是二手的这一事实，而是关注他们有独特的衣服可穿，并且不会把自己的衣柜塞得满满当当，也不会造成垃圾填埋问题。“have something unique to wear”和“are not overstuffing their own wardrobes...”是并列关系，have和are是谓语动词，应用连词and连接。故填and。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁，而不是让她们直接购买，为一次性活动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。“for women (rent)”作后置定语，修饰名词词组fashion clothes，意为“女性租赁的衣服”，用不定式to rent作后置定语，主动表被动。故填to rent。 61．考查名词。句意：坦尼娅的店提供女性时尚服装供租赁，而不是让她们直接购买，为一次性活动着装提供了一个更便宜的解决方案。提示词作宾语，用名词solution，意为“解决方案”，有冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填solution。 62．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这个概念当然并不新鲜——几十年来，男性一直在租赁优质西装——但对于女性购物者来说，它才刚刚兴起。系动词be作谓语，句子陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The concept是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式is。故填is。 63．考查定语从句。句意：坦尼娅也在关注非正式服装，而不仅仅是特殊场合的礼服，她计划将这些服装打包成胶囊衣橱，提供给旅行者，比如那些前往国外参加婚礼的人，并提供更长期的租赁服务。“____ she plans to package as capsule wardrobes”是非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词less formal clothing，指物，关系词将其代入从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 64．考查名词所有格。句意：我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活，我知道这并不总是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。提示词修饰名词lives，需用名词所有格people’s，作定语。故填people’s。 65．考查非谓语动词。句意：我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活，我知道这并不总是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。根据句意，表示“意味着……”，用固定搭配mean doing sth.，意为“意味着做某事”，用动名词作宾语。故填returning。 Text 4 B 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 【2025北京卷】When was the last time you took on a tough choice? Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly ____14____ (long). Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you ____15____ (make) several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes ____16____ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. 【答案】14. longer 15. had made 16. are achieved 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了做选择是生活的一部分及如何做出更好的选择。 【14题详解】 考查比较级。句意：也许今天早上你还在纠结是起床还是多睡一会儿。此处表示“多睡一会儿”，应用比较级longer，表示“更久”。故填longer。 【15题详解】 考查时态。句意：当你刷牙的时候，你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By the time you brushed your teeth”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成时，谓语用had made。故填had made。 【16题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常，通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略，可以取得更好的结果。根据时间状语“Usually”可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，时态应用一般现在时；主语better outcomes和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语better outcomes是复数，be动词应用are。故填are achieved。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 【2025北京卷】When ____17____ (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists ____18____ (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ____19____ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. To reduce our impact, we can take simple steps: empty the fridge before heading out, and choose sustainable dining options. These efforts help us travel more responsibly. After all, exploring the world shouldn’t come ____20____ the planet’s expense. 【答案】17. traveling 18. left 19. which 20. at 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出旅行时人们会接触不同文化和经历，但据世界野生动物基金会报告，去年游客产生大量食物垃圾，对全球气体排放有影响。为减少影响，人们可采取如出发前清空冰箱、选择可持续餐饮等简单措施，强调探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行时，我们接触不同文化和体验不同经历。句子主语“we”与“travel”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，构成“when+现在分词”的状语从句省略结构。故填traveling。 【18题详解】 考查时态。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客产生了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，这约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。根据“last year”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，“leave”的过去式是“left”。故填left。 【19题详解】 考查定语从句关系代词。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客留下了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“1.3 billion tons of food waste”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 【20题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：毕竟，探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价。at one’s expense“以…… 为代价”是固定搭配。故填at。 2024年 Text 1 【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England. 【答案】56. engineering 57. functional 58. to give 59. closed 60. walks 61 the 62. favorites 63. as 64. which##that 65. richness 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Heatherwick工作室最近公布的一个新项目——一个位于国家信托基金会伍尔贝丁花园边缘的动态温室，并详细描述了该温室的设计、功能、以及它如何与丝绸之路的历史和丝绸之路花园相结合。 【56题详解】 考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。 【57题详解】 考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。 【58题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。 【59题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词closed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填closed。 【60题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：此外，围绕温室的丝绸之路花园带领游客走过一段受古丝绸之路影响的旅程。walk sb. through，意为“带领某人穿过……”，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般现在时，主语the Silk Route Garden为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填walks。 【61题详解】 考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。 【62题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名词，意为“特别受喜爱的东西”，根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favorites。 【63题详解】 考查介词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。 【64题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 【65题详解】 考查名词。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处与glory并列，应用名词形式richness，作介词of的宾语。故填richness。 Text 2 【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common ___37___ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___42___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers. ___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” 【答案】36. who 37. themes 38. were 39. to 40. inspired 41. was built 42. visibility 43. to find 44. Recalling 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国明代戏曲家汤显祖与英国戏剧家莎士比亚之间的联系和共同点，并展示了这种联系如何被纪念和展示在莎士比亚的故乡斯特拉特福德，且说明了这种联系对于提高斯特拉特福德国际知名度的重要性。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 【37题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson说，尽管他们从未见过面，但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型，为倒装句，根据谓语动词“are”可判断，本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。 【38题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 【39题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”固定短语：be similar to，意为“和……相似”，符合句意。故填to。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“a six-meter-tall pavilion”和动词“inspire”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填inspired。 【41题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。形容词international后接名词形式，visibility“知名度”为不可数名词作宾语。故填visibility。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”非谓语动词担当状语，主语“Edmondson”和动词“recall”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式担当状语；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Recalling。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列结构，用and连接。故填and。 Text 3 【2024全国甲卷】Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level the national parks, in particular, tend ____41____（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety. They are ____42____（treasure）of American heritage（遗产）. How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____43____ is now northwestern Wyoming. They ____44____（be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should ____45____（do）with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with ____46____（it）unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____47____all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed（承诺）to promote the idea at the ____48____（complete）of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the ____49____（large）United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. 【答案】41. to catch 42. treasures 43. what 44. were 45. be done 46. its 47. for 48. completion 49. largest 50. which 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了美国国家公园的由来，即四个男人发现了一处非常美的自然风景区，决定好好保护它以供后人欣赏并为此做出了许多努力。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：它们是美国传统的瑰宝。treasure表示“宝藏”，为可数名词，结合前文they are，应用复数形式，故填treasures。 【43题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 【45题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。 【46题详解】 考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。 【47题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。介词for表目的，表示“为了所有国家的人都能享受”。 故填for。 【48题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们都同意了，并发誓要在旅行结束后推广这个想法。冠词修饰名词，本空应填名词作宾语，complete名词形式为completion，不可数，故填completion。 【49题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本空前有the，为形容词最高级标志词，结合下文“1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知，用large的最高级largest作定语，故填largest。 【50题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。 Text 4 【2024北京卷】 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life. 【答案】11. to rest 12. self-awareness 13. gives 14. boundaries 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了慢下来对个人成长的重要意义。 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。空处作介词of的宾语，应用名词self-awareness，sense of self-awareness表示“自我意识”。故填self-awareness。 【13题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪，这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域，并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which引导的非限制性定语从句中，根据helps可知，从句使用一般现在时，which指代前边的整个句子，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives，gives与helps并列，作并列谓语。故填gives。 【14题详解】 考场名词的数。句意：为了实践这一点，我们需要在个人和职业生活中建立明确的界限。句中boundary是可数名词，表示“界限”，根据空后in our personal and professional life可知，此处表示不止一个界限，名词应用复数形式boundaries。故填boundaries。 Text 5 【2024北京卷】On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. 【答案】15. was named 16. asked 17. who 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最长寿的人John Tinniswood及其长寿秘诀。 【15题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood是单数，be动词使用was。故填was named。 【16题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及他的新头衔时，他分享了秘诀：适度。结合语意，when引导的时间状语从句中，主语为he，且ask与he之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be asked，状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填asked。 【17题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 Text 6 【2024浙江1月卷】The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____36____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ____37____ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____38____ will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____39____ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the ____40____ (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____41____ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____42____ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ____43____ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____44____ other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ____45____ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 【答案】36. to benefit 37. or 38. that##which 39. what 40. criticism 41. be offered 42. have started 43. designed 44. the 45. ones 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章对商家各式各样的促销手段进行了介绍。 【36题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。 【37题详解】 考查固定句式。句意：要么你买的东西太重，搬不回家，要么你买的东西还新鲜，就不能用了。either...or...意为“要么……要么……”，为固定句式，所以此处应用连词or。故填or。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 【39题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。根据“that they lead to waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语。故填criticism。 【41题详解】 考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 【42题详解】 考查现在完成时。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。 【43题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装，设计成两半，拆分成两份。动词design意为“设计”，和谓语之间没有连词，和逻辑主语packs构成被动关系，且动作已完成，所以应用过去分词形式作后置定语。故填designed。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。 【45题详解】 考查代词。句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式。故填ones。 2023年语法填空 Test 1 【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time. 【答案】36. tasty 37. to bite 38. or 39. recognized 40. by 41. to be lifted 42. their 43. a 44. rarely 45. wanting 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国美食——小笼包，讲述了小笼包美味，发源地以及制作方法等等。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。 【38题详解】 考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：上海可能是公认的小笼包之乡，但美食历史学家会告诉你，邻近的运河小镇南翔才是小笼包的发源地。空格在名词home前面作定语，recognize与home是逻辑上动宾关系，需填过去分词recognized作定语，recognized“被公认的”也可以看作是形容词作定语。故填recognized。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。 【42题详解】 考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。 Test 2 【2023年全国乙卷】Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ____41____ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ____42____ (build) system of ring roads. But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____44____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, ____45____ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. ____46____ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I ____47____ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ___48___ (record) everything I discovered. The ____49____ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _____50_____ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 【答案】41. to 42. built 43. which##that 44. wonders 45. but 46. Having visited 47. was amazed 48. recording 49. remarkable 50. means 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变化，并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。 【46题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。 【47题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 【48题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。 【50题详解】 考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 Test 3 【2023年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___41___ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ___42___ (six) century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___43___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.” Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___46___ (intend) for everyone. ___47___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ___48___ saving their environment. The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty ___49___ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still ____50____ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 【答案】41. to teach 42. sixth 43. as 44. where 45. borrowing 46. intended 47. Different 48. for 49. warning 50. be employed 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。 【42题详解】 考查数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。 【43题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。 【46题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在简洁的风格背后，是每个人都想要传达的严肃信息。be intended for打算为……所用，在句中作定语，所以用过去分词形式。故填intended。 【47题详解】 考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。 【48题详解】 考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。 【49题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，卡森的主题是对环境破坏的更严重警告。形容词weighty后接名词形式。根据句中不定冠词a可知，用可数名词的单数形式。故填warning。 【50题详解】 考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填be employed。 Test 4 【2023年北京卷】Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When ____14____(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. Mangroves can help soften waves and protect ____15____(city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China ____16____(establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 【答案】14. seen 15. cities 16. has established 【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。红树林，生长在陆地和海洋之间，有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭，到目前为止，中国已建立了一批红树林保护区。 【14题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrove forests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen from afar，省略主语和be动词，故填seen。 【15题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：红树林有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处应用名词city作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数形式表泛指，故填cities。 【16题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。 Test 5 【2023年北京卷】Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention ____17____ global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ____18____ thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action ____19____(address)the struggles of people around the world ____20____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. 【答案】17. to 18. where 19. to address 20. facing 【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。尼娜在32个国家跑过马拉松。她所有的跑步活动都有一个目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。她的努力鼓励其他人参与到一场名为“蓝色奔跑”的全球运动中来。 【17题详解】 考查介词。句意：她所有的跑步活动都有一个指导目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。表示“关注”短语为call attention to。故填to。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 【19题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填to address。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。 Test 6 【2023年浙江1月卷】During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 56 arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, 57 (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 58 (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 59 (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 60 (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子).The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 61 (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 62 (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history 63 capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 64 (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 65 culture of grassroots Beijingers. 【答案】56．and 57．originally 58．surrounded 59．were permitted 60．featured 61．spacious 62．simpler 63．as 64．events 65．the 【原文】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京的胡同的由来、规模及历史意义。 56．考查连词。句意：在中国的朝代时期，皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可知，planned和arranged是并列的谓语动词，表示并列关系应用连词and连接。故填and。 57．考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。 58．考查非谓语动词。句意：在明朝，紫禁城是中心，它被由内层和外层构成的同心圆包围。分析句子结构，was是谓语动词，空格处需要填非谓语动词作后置定语，主语the Forbidden City和surround之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。 59．考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。故填were permitted。 60．考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。故填featured。 61．考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。 62．考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。 63．考查介词。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据句意可知，空格处译为“作为”，as是介词意为“作为”，符合句意。故填as。 64．考查名词的数。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词historic可知，空格处需要填名词，且event为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填events。 65．考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 2022年语法填空 Test 1 【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___36___ (cover)an area about three times ___37___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___38___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___39___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___40___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___41___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___42___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___43___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve ___44___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___45___ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【答案】36. Covering 37. the 38. were 39. to increase 40. is designed 41. and 42. populations 43. eventually 44. as 45. that 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的逻辑主语the GPNP为逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词的形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。 【38题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。 【40题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。故填is designed。 【41题详解】 考查连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系，应用and。故填and。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词population (种群)的复数的形式。故填populations。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。固定短语：serve as (充当)。故填as。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。 Test 2 【2022年全国乙卷】May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___41___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___42___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___43___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___44___ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___45___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ___46___ (share) future for mankind,” he said. The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___47___ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative. ___48___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___49___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ____50____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea. 【答案】41. by 42. the 43. addressed 44. largest 45. responsibility 46. shared 47. and 48. To strengthen 49. inviting 50. its 【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be+过去分词+by”。故填by。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。 【43题详解】 考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。 【44题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。 【46题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。 【47题详解】 考查连词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词international cooperation和cultural exchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语。故填and。 【48题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。 【49题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语the event与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。 【50题详解】 考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。 Test 3 【2022年北京卷】Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly ____14____ (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine ____15____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally ____16____ (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 【答案】14. supported 15 whether 16. has 【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍的是人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因，是因为人们对气味的偏好是习得的，这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的。 14.【解析】 考查非谓语动词。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。故填supported。 15.【解析】 考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。分析句子结构可知，空格前的determine为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知，此处考查whether…or not的搭配。故填whether。 16.【解析】 考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。 Test 4 【2022年浙江卷6月】To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting ___36___ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ___37___ (do). John Olson, a former ___38___ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ___39___ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their ___40___ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ___41___ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly ___42___ age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ___43___ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means ___44___ (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it ___45___ to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.” 【解题导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式。 36. be appreciated 【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：但是一个盲人怎么能欣赏一幅画呢？主语a painting与谓语appreciate为被动关系，且置于情态动词can 之后，所以本句为含有情态动词的被动语态。 故填be appreciated。 37. to do【解析】考查不定式。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。 38. photographer 【解析】考查名词。句意：约翰·奥尔森是一位前摄影师，他和他的团队将绘画转化为全纹理3D模型。单数名词做主语，根据句意表示“摄影师”，此处为单数概念，故填photographer。 39. the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：触觉画是向盲人展示艺术的一种方式，因为我们不仅仅用眼睛看；我们用大脑看。the blind“盲人”，the+形容词表示一类人。故填the。 40. existing【解析】考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词existing作定语，修饰sense。故填existing。 41. sighted【解析】考查形容词。句意：哈佛大学的科学家埃拉·斯特里姆-阿米特(Ella Striem-Amit)说，盲人用他们现有的感官识别形状，在某种程度上与正常人相似。形容词sighted作定语修饰名词people，表示“能看见的、不盲的”。故填sighted。 42. at 【解析】考查介词。句意：Luc Gandarias今年13岁，7岁时突然失明。表示在多大年龄时，用介词at。故填at。 43. noticed 【解析】考查时态。句意：当他触摸到莱昂纳多·达·芬奇的3D版《蒙娜丽莎》时，他立刻注意到了她的微笑。根据“he felt”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填noticed。 44. independence【解析】考查名词。句意：对卢克来说，这意味着独立。不可数名词independence作mean的宾语。 故填independence。 45. and【解析】考查连词。句意：能够看到它并形成我的观点的感觉就像盲人推倒了另一堵墙。根据句意可知，前后为并列关系，所以用and来连接。故填and。 Test 5 【2022年浙江卷1月】Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics 36 are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane 37（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others 38 （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and 39 ( change ) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, 40 (rough ) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists 41 ( promise ) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 42 she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of 43 time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the 44 (invite ) . That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans 45 (continue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ”，she says, "a really positive change." 【答案】36. who/that 37.is viewed/has been viewed 38.are 39. changing 40.roughly 41.have promised 42.whether/if 43.the 44. invitation 45.to continue 【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由学者团体发行的实践，目的是为了减少学术飞行以应对气候 变化危机。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中 的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语， 应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。 【37题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：对科学家而言，旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信息这件 事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认 知，动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系，故填is viewed或has been viewed。 【38题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机 会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。根据句意可知，此处也应 使用现在进行时，主语为复数，故填are。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法，推动会议提供更多远程参加的机会以及为了 尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机，他们正在改变他们的个人行为。分析句子结构可知，此处and连接并列 的动词 questioning 和 change,故填 changing« 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者， 他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly “粗略地大约”，故填roughly。 【41题详解】 考查时态。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者, 他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时，故填have promised o 【42题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。显然ask后面出 现了一个宾语从句，宾语从句句意不完整，whether/if “是否”符合语境，故填whether或if。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填the。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：当答案是否定的时候，她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语，故填 invitation o 【45题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：他$$ 第23讲 语法填空有提示词 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01 提示词是动词-考查时态和语态及主谓一致 考向02 提示词是动词-考查非谓语动词和词性转换 考向03 提示词是名词 考向04 提示词是形容词、副词 考向05 提示词是代词和数词 02 核心突破练 03 真题溯源练 考向01 提示词是动词-考查时态和语态及主谓一致 1.（2025年·海淀·二模）During his trip, he ___13___ (visit) major southeastern coastal cities of China, among which Shanghai and Hangzhou left a deep impression on him. 2.（2025年·海淀·二模）Many prefer green juice or protein-topped salads ___14___ (manage) weight. 3. （2025年·海淀·二模）Take a look at the contact list on your phone — you likely have numerous names but regularly connect with only a few. Many of these ____17____ (forget) contacts are old friends that ____18____ (fade) from your life for no particular reason for some time. 4.（2025年·朝阳·二模）Thanks to her lifetime dedication to the field, Tang ____13____ (honor) with the Lifetime Achievement Award in Translation in 2024. 5.（2025年·朝阳·二模） Each attempt brings small improvements and each failure ___16___ (teach) you different strategies. With effort, you can become a better self, which is the true meaning of learning. 6.（2025年·平谷·一模） She ____18____ (appreciate) that humor is a significant content principle BrainPOP employs. 7.（2025年·顺义·一模) Located in Lancang River basin, Jingmai Mountain ___17___ (list) as the first World Heritage (遗产) of tea culture in 2023....The landscape ___19___ (integrate) vast tea plantations, ancient villages and diverse ethnic (民族的) cultures. 8.（2025年·西城·一模）The new school____15____ (make) use of Tsinghua’s strengths, ____16____ (highlight) AI’s role in education and research. It ____17____ (aim) to explore AI-driven learning models and develop students with diverse skills, a solid understanding of AI and creative thinking. 9.（2025年·西城·一模）At a 200-megawatt (兆瓦) wind farm in Hengshui, Hebei, the world’s largest tonnage wheeled crane (起重机), the XCA4000, completed its first lift in March 2024. It ____18____ (lift) a 130-metric-ton nacelle, a 40-ton hub and three 95-meter-long blades weighing 28 tons each, to a height of 162 meters for assembly (组装) on the tower. 10.（2025年·丰台·二模）During the early hard years, he ____12____ (conduct) research on China’s nuclear submarine all year round. 11.（2025年·丰台·二模）The Chinese solar calendar ____17____ (divide) the year into 24 solar terms. Grain in Ear (芒种), the ninth solar term, begins on June 5 this year. 12.（2025年·丰台·二模） The system of 24 solar terms ____19____ (establish) thousands of years ago to guide agricultural production. 13.（2025年·昌平·一模）The campaign started out with the big goal of 1,000 sock donations — a milestone that ____12____ (achieve) in mere days. Then she went on to collect more socks. So far, Olivia ____13____ (receive) over 8,000 pairs of donated socks. 14.（2025年·东城·一模）After a weekend trip, my friend and I ____11____ (drive) home when a blue car suddenly pulled up beside us at a stoplight. 15.（2025年·东城·一模） The research team tested 31 pet dogs. Three human caretakers of each dog ____15____ (ask) to record their voices. 16.（2025年·朝阳·一模）Zhu Mengdan, a 15-year-old from the Li ethnic (少数民族的) group, grew up climbing coconut trees. However, she had never imagined her childhood game ____11____ (become) an official event at a national competition one day. In 2024, as the youngest competitor on Hainan’s team, Zhu ____12____ (participate) in the coconut tree climbing competition at the National Traditional Games of Ethnic Minorities. 17.（2025年·朝阳·一模）Though specialization and advances in technology require more precise terms, the trend of unreadable academic writing ____20____ (grow) stronger. Clear and simple writing would be a breath of fresh air. 18.（2025年·海淀·一模）Early in his career, however, he ____11____ (face) constant rejections and financial struggles. 19.（2025年·海淀·一模）To drive real change, climate education must shift focus from global risks to personal and local impacts. People will act if the challenge ____18____ (feel) personal — not just about the planet, polar bears, or humanity ____as19____ a whole. Sharing scientific facts isn’t enough; self-interest should figure in climate-education packages. Therefore, climate education should be tailored to each community. Messages are more effective when they ____20____ (deliver) in engaging ways to truly resonate with everyone. 20.（2024-2025学年北京市石景山区高三上学期期末）Last summer, in Morecambe Bay, four holidaymakers 1 (save) successfully from tide quicksand by the rescuers who arrived in time. 21.（2024-2025学年北京市通州区运河中学高三下学期开学）For more than thirty years, Shi led a group of tough guys in northern Shaanxi and 3 (plant) more than 53 million trees on the contracted 250, 000 mu of barren sand and alkali (碱) beaches, creating a “green Great Wall” in Yulin. 22.（2025届北京市西城区北京师范大学第二附属中学高三下学期英语统练2）I’d been living with Mama Lil since I was six, when my own mama and daddy 5 (kill) in an apartment building fire. Lillian Johns was my mom’s mother. 23.（2025届北京市西城区北京师范大学第二附属中学高三下学期英语统练2）And the older I got, the more at odds we were and the more conflicts we 8 (experience). 24.（2024-2025学年北京市北京景山学校高三下开学考）Taking a deep breath, Emily stepped forward and said, “I 9 (learn) CPR. Let me try.” She got down on her knees beside the old woman and checked her condition. With butterflies in her stomach, she began CPR. The memory of the measures she had learned flooded into her mind as she delivered compressions to the woman’s chest. The atmosphere was thick with tension. 15.（2024-2025学年北京市北京景山学校高三下开学考） Everyone 6 (wait) for a miracle to happen. 26.（2024-2025学年北京大学附属中学高三下学期开学考）After she 5 (lay) off as a Seattle city planner, Erin was looking for fun at-home projects when an iPhone box caught her eye. 27.（2024-2025学年北京市八一学校高三下学期开学考）Though these little things may be easily ignored in our daily lives, they 4 (receive) warmly by many viewers. 28.（2024-2025学年北京市八一学校高三下学期开学考）When Suki heard she was to be laid off, her first reaction was fear for what it could mean for her career. “I was initially scared because I 5 (see) layoffs happening all across the tech industry, so I worried I wouldn’t be able to find another job.” 29.（2024-2025学年北京市北京景山学校高三下开学考）The gel 4 (make) of nontoxic components, making it safe for both people and the environment. 30.（2024-2025学年北京市第二十二中学高三下学期开学考）A Yangge folk dance performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake has wowed users of some overseas social media, as the performance, using an innovative approach, 5 (combine) cultural heritage with cutting-edge technology. 考向02 提示词是动词-考查非谓语动词和词性转换 1.（2025年·顺义·一模The functions of the satellite enable researchers to map platform operations with greater precision. ___15___ (develop) by the CAS, the satellite provides important space-based data ___16___ (promote) sustainable development. 2.（2025年·平谷·一模）The team ____15____ (fit) Roo with her first wheelchair in October 2023 using a 3D printer. It is one of many projects the team has constructed for people or animals in need. And it is their goal ____16____ (give) back to the community and do things that are actually helpful to the community. 3.（2025年·朝阳·二模）The essence of learning is extreme repetition and persistence until you become experienced through practice, skilled enough ___14___ (apply) what you gain and eventually form muscle memory. Real change never comes overnight unless you accept the long and slow process, ___15___ (set) aside impatience and anxiety. Extreme repetition is also a continuous exploration of improvement. 4.（2025年·平谷·一模） Humor is a balancing act and BrainPOP, an educational platform, can help teachers create an appropriate balance because the ____17____ (learn) activities support any course in a dynamic and kid-friendly way. Julie Kuzma from a public school agrees. ... In her experience, humor builds trust and makes students feel connected and ____20____ (see). “If you can make them smile, you know that you're on the right track and you've lightened their day a little bit. ” 5.（2025年·海淀·二模）Take a look at the contact list on your phone — you likely have numerous names but regularly connect with only a few. Many of these ____17____ (forget) contacts are old friends that ____18____ (fade) from your life for no particular reason for some time.... Reaching out to an old friend may seem challenging, but it can rekindle meaningful connections and bring joy. Instead of ____20____ (let) friendships slip away, a simple message can bridge the gap and enhance both parties’ happiness. 6.（2025年·朝阳·二模）Tang Wensheng, 81, born in New York, is an outstanding Chinese ____11____ (interpret). She worked for China’s top leaders during the 1970s. “I think it was a privilege and a learning experience,” Tang said. 7.（2025年·顺义·一模) With nearly 2,000 years of tea plantation history, the heritage site consists of five old tea forests ___18___ (cover) an area of 1,180 hectares. 8.（2025年·西城·一模）The XCA4000 has a self-developed control system and technologies ____19____ (ensure) safety during operation. With more than a dozen sensors ____20____ (distribute) in the facility, it can detect and address potential safety dangers in real time. 9.（2025年·丰台·二模）For 30 years when he was even absent from family letters, he had made huge sacrifices. ____13____ (respect) widely, he was named the man who built the underwater Great Wall. His selfless dedication and outstanding contributions will always be remembered. 10.（2025年·丰台·二模）My mother is in hospital, ____14____ (battle) cancer. Every day, I make it a point ____15____ (visit) her and bring along a bunch of flowers. This morning was no different, but she got mad at me. She asked me not to spend money on flowers, insisting that I use it to help people in need. 11.（2025年·丰台·二模）The ____18____ (arrive) of Grain in Ear signifies the ripening of crops. It is also a busy period for farmers. 12.（2025年·昌平·一模）Olivia Vibbert, 14-year-old, tried to establish her own nonprofit. In 2016, ____11____ (help) the homeless in winter, she requested sock donations when knowing socks are among the most needed items. 13.（2025年·昌平·一模）While social media has connected people globally, its overuse may harm mental health. Teenagers spending hours scrolling short videos often feel lonely, ____17____ (lack) real communication. Studies ____18____ (conduct) in 2023 show that 60% of users compare their lives to others’ posts, leading to anxiety. 14.（2025年·东城·一模） These kind strangers had circled back, ____14____ (spot) shoes and even picking them up for us. Their unexpected effort to help us out made our day. 15.（2025年·东城·一模）AI and learning have a powerful and collaborative relationship. AI acts as a smart tool, personalizing lessons ____18____ (match) each student’s pace and needs, which makes learning more effective. 16.（2025年·朝阳·一模）DeepSeek-R1 learns by repeatedly ____15____ (try), unlike other AIs that rely on large amounts of prepared examples. 17.（2025年·朝阳·一模）It’s difficult ____18____ (understand) jargon-filled (充满行话的) writing that academics have long been accused of. To track academic writing over time, The Economist analyzed 347,000 PhD abstracts ____19____ (publish) between 1812 and 2023. They found that the abstracts have become harder to read. 18.（2025年·海淀·一模） His journey — from a self-taught artist to a pioneer ____14____ (reshape) an industry — inspires dreamers worldwide: greatness isn’t born overnight, but built through commitment. 19.（2025年·海淀·一模） For some, it is ____15____ (simple) about being physically away from people, while for others, it is the ability ____16____ (disconnect) when alone. 20.The Beijing Central Axis, (stretch) 7.8 kilometers from the Yongding Gate in the south to the Drum and Bell Towers in the north, was constructed based on ancient architectural philosophies (shape) and define an ideal layout for a capital city then. The Central Axis dates back to the Yuan Dynasty, while its length was extended in the Ming and Qing dynasties. 21.（2024-2025学年北京市八一学校高三下学期开学考） However, you may have the power 3 (make) the world better with baby steps. That’s the idea behind the BA Challenge, which is a public service campaign co-initiated by Alibaba and Sina Weibo. 22.（2024-2025学年北京市八一学校高三下学期开学考）A few days later, she put her video skills to use, 6 (share) a video online that highlighted the new hobbies7 (hobby) she’d found time to take up after being laid off, such as painting, dancing and etc. 23.（2024-2025学年北京市北京景山学校高三下开学考）Researchers at Stanford University have developed a new gel that can lock in more water in the face of fires. When 2 (apply) to the surface of buildings, this gel forms a wet shield. 24.（2024-2025学年北京市第二十二中学高三下学期开学考）In the performance, 16 robots 6 (produce) by Chinese robotics company Unitree, dressing in northeastern Chinese style floral padded jackets, performed together with dancers from China’s Xinjiang Art Institute. 25.（2024-2025学年北京市第二十二中学高三下学期开学考）Animated feature “Ne Zha 2” has surpassed 2021 war epic “The Battle at Lake Changjin” 9 (become) the highest-grossing film of all time in China. 26.（2024-2025学年北京市第二十二中学高三下学期开学考）As of 1:25p. m. Thursday, this animated blockbuster’s box office revenue had exceeded 5.77 billion yuan, 9 (achieve) the milestone in just eight days and five hours. 27.（2024-2025学年北京市房山区2高三上学期期末）We surveyed 1,065 students 3 (determine) if smartphone addiction affects sleep. 28. (compare) with other global competitors, China is positioned better to achieve higher output of humanoid robots at lower costs. 29.（2024-2025学年北京市海淀区高三上学期期末） 7 (avoid) this bias, leaders should ensure that everyone at the table has a voice and that all options are considered in order to work toward a better solution. 30.（2024-2025学年北京市海淀区高三上学期期末）The largest desert in China, the Taklamakan Desert, is now completely encircled by a green belt 8 (stretch) 3,046 km. This is part of China’s Three-North Shelter Belt Forest Program to address desertification and restore ecological balance. 考向03 提示词是名词 1.（2025年·海淀·二模）Weight loss success ___16___ (story) highlight balanced diets over extreme measures. Many adopt gradual, mindful eating habits, such as seasonal and local food, for long-term health. 2.（2025年·西城·一模）Last summer, I joined a community garden project in my neighborhood. At first, I was nervous about working with _____11_____ (stranger), but everyone was welcoming and enthusiastic. 3.（2025年·丰台·二模）The culture remains useful today to direct people’s lives through special foods, cultural ____20____(ceremony) and healthy living tips. 4.（2024-2025学年北京市通州区高三上学期期末） Most obviously, the young generation gradually change their attitude toward life, pursuing quality leisure time while being occupied with demanding workloads, with 10 (limit) time for exploration. 5.（2024-2025学年北京师范大学第二附属中学高三下学期统练3）But there generally isn’t enough genetic variation between groups to allow 31 (nature) selection to favor more cooperative ones. 6.（2024-2025学年北京市第二十二中学高三下学期开学考）The humanoid robots can not only 7 (smooth) twist their waists and mimic human leg-kicking movements, but also spin handkerchiefs, displaying extremely dexterous 8 (action). 7.Here, a city unfolds before your very eyes where you listen to the dialogue between culture and wisdom, interpret the cultural thoughts condensed (浓缩) in a historical context, experience ancient feelings with a 62 (poet) flavor, and picture the dream in your minds. 8.The website’s detailed information about speakers, including ethnic background and education, makes it more engaging and 4 (access) than traditional language research platforms, aiming to preserve the unique appeal of each dialect. 9.Spanish media also highlighted the 43 (emotion) moment, with many fans applauding her sportsmanship. 10.Since the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, carpenters have produced many sunmao structures and a whole set of 43 (system) methods has been invented.11.Most of these artifacts were unearthed in the Provinces of Gansu, Qinghai and Shaanxi, and estimated to have high historical, artistic and 38 (science) values. Among the identified relics was also painted pottery of Majiayao culture, an ancient Chinese culture dating back to more than 5,000 years ago. 12.Protesters gathered in front of the Highe Table and urged the University to drop the 39 (crime) charges against the four students recently charged with second-degree criminal mischief, saying that the University’ s response is disproportionate compared to other bias-related incident reports. 13.It’s all about taking good tea (leaf) and maybe adding some pretty rosebuds to make it fancy. 14.We can’t seem to make up our (mind) whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. 15．Long-living women are also more likely to be (sympathy) and cooperative than women with a normal life span. 考向04 提示词是形容词、副词 1.（2025年·海淀·二模）However, research ____19____ (consistent) shows that social relationships are vital for mental and physical well-being. 2.（2025年·平谷·一模）Hainan Free Trade Port is ____11____ (large) free trade port in the world, with rich tourism resources and unique culture. There are beautiful beaches, quality hot springs, unique rainforests, rich cuisine and wedding tourism bases. ...With its high-quality services and diverse and inclusive cultural atmosphere, Hainan ____13____ (sincere) welcomes tourists from all over the world to experience a unique island trip. 3.（2025年·顺义·一模）As the parents were about to get off the bus, they thanked the teen ___13___ (sincere) and the teen said he was happy to help. 4.（2025年·西城·一模） It made me realize how powerful _____13_____ (kind) can be!5.（2025年·丰台·二模）Huang Xuhua (1924.2-2025.2) was one of the ____11____ (quiet) yet most remarkable national heroes. 6.（2025年·昌平·一模）Once you find a style you enjoy, you will be ____16____ (cheerful) than ever. 7.（2025年·昌平·一模）However, used ____19____ (wise), these platforms can promote cultural exchange.8.（2025年·东城·一模）However, it is important to use AI responsibly — it should complement, not replace, the role of teachers and students. Ensuring ____19____ (fair), privacy, and ethical use is essential. 9.（2025年·朝阳·一模）It practises many times and gets ____16____ (good), much like how students master maths. 10.（2024-2025学年北京市八一学校高三下学期开学考）Faced with health or nutrition questions, it is 68 (increase) common for people to go online and diagnose themselves. 11.（2024-2025学年北京市北京景山学校高三下开学考）As climate change creates hotter, 1 (dry) conditions, wildfires are becoming more frequent and severe, destroying homes and ecosystems. 12.For a long time now, China has been aware of the (significant) put on architectural inheritance. 13.The (cruel) of testing cosmetics on rabbits should be outlawed worldwide. 14.There are stories about his (generous), and the massive amounts of money he gave to charities. 15 Since I had a fear of needles, I was _____________(willing) to take his advice. But by this time I was so tired that I was prepared to try almost anything. 考向05 提示词是代词和数词 1.（2025年·朝阳·二模）Similarly, a live album allows fans to relive the experience and enjoy ___20___ (they) as if they were in the scene. 2.（2025年·海淀·一模） To create a follow-up movie, he immersed ____13____ (he) in perfecting storytelling and cutting-edge effects, often working 16-hour days. 3.Over time, I’ve found ____40____ (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents. 4.As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in ____________ (I). While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is a must to visit. 5.In order to better adapt ___________ (we) to new circumstances, we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills. 6.The New World Press (NWP) has hosted the book launch event for the latest additions to (it) “Foreigners Tell Chinese Stories” series — Home Is Where My Heart Is (English version) and La Distancia No Crea Barreras (Spanish version) at the 36th Beijing Book Fair that was held in January, 2024． 7.At the conference, sporting the theme of “Interconnection, Integration, Inheritance, Innovation,” delegates (代表) found (they) closely connected to the Global Civilization Initiative (GCI), which advocates respect for the diversity of civilizations, the common values of humanity, the importance of inheritance and innovation of civilizations. 8.Today, during the Spring Festival, people carry on the tradition of hanging red lanterns, setting off fireworks in the hope of ridding (them) of evil spirits and attracting good luck. 9.Rooted in Chinese mythology, Ne Zha 2 retells ancient stories with a modern twist. Born with unique powers, Ne Zha finds (he) as an outcast (被排斥的人) who is feared and even hated. 10..In the food experience session, guests enjoyed traditional Chinese delicacies such as bingtang hulu and dao xiao mian, further deepening (they) understanding and appreciation of Chinese culture. 11. We’ll have a surprise party for my mother’s ________ (forty) birthday next Saturday. 12. He Jiong became famous as a host in China in his ___________ (20). 13. You’d better go home to see your parents ______________________(two) a week. They need more care. 14.She is a remarkable athlete , known for her outstanding speed and skill, making her (two) only to the world champion in her sport. 15．We live on the floor and can have a good view of Dianchi Lake. (twelve) 题型一 阅读理解 （2025·北京市海淀区·二模）If you’ve ever hung around scientists, you’ve most likely heard one of them say “the best explanation is the simplest one.” But is it? From the behavior of ants to the occurrence of tornadoes, the natural world is often quite complex. Why should we assume the simplest explanation is closest to the truth? This idea is known as Occam’s (or Ockham’s) razor. It’s also referred to as “rule of economy”. And it bears a family relationship to the “principle of least astonishment,” which holds that if an explanation is too surprising, it’s probably not right. The name comes from William of Ockham, a 14th-century scholastic philosopher. He formulated the principle that “entities (实体) should not be multiplied beyond necessity.” The philosophical claim is a form of ontological minimalism: we should not invoke entities unless we have evidence that they exist. In other words: don’t make stuff up. In 1687, Isaac Newton expanded on the notion with his concept of a vera causa — a true cause, stating that we should admit only causes that were both true and sufficient to explain natural phenomena. He added that Nature did nothing in vain and Nature was pleased with simplicity. Although Newton was a great scientist, this claim seems odd. Who is to say what “pleases Nature”? Doesn’t this guidance assume we know what we are in fact trying to figure out? Consider the world of Physics filled with explanations that are surprising, unexpected and hard to get your head around. Newton explained light as being made of particles, whereas other scientists explained it as a wave. Quantum mechanics, however, tells us light is both a wave and a particle. Newton’s account was simpler, but modern physics tells us the more complex model is closer to the truth. When we turn to biology, things get even more complicated. Imagine two smokers, both of whom went through a pack a day for 30 years. One gets cancer; the other doesn’t. The simplest explanation? For decades the tobacco industry’s answer was that smoking doesn’t cause cancer. Simple but false. In fact, disease is complex, and we don’t yet understand all the factors involved in cancer. Occam’s razor is not a fact or even a theory. It’s a metaphysical (形而上学的) principle: an idea held independently of empirical (实证的) evidence. In human affairs, things are more often than not complex. Human motivations are typically multiple. People can be good and bad at the same time, selfish and selfless, depending on circumstances. The shelves of ethicists are filled with books pondering why good people do bad things, and their answers are rarely short and sweet. Our explanations should match the world as best as we can make them. Science is about allowing things to unfold naturally, and sometimes this means accepting that the truth is not simple, even if it would make our lives easier if it were. 28．Occam’s razor indicates that_________. A．simpler explanations should be preferred B．reasonable explanations can’t be surprising C．explanations should be consistent with purposes D．sufficient causes can explain natural phenomena 29．What can we learn from this passage? A．Newton offered solid empirical support to Occam’s razor. B．The tobacco industry’s response is in line with Occam’s razor. C．Quantum mechanics confirms Newton’s particle theory of light. D．Ethicists argue human complexity results in multiple motivations. 30．It’s implied in the passage that we need to ________. A．follow the laws of nature B．interpret the world as it is C．balance accuracy and simplicity D．highlight the existence of entities 2 （2025·北京东城·一模）Anyone with insomnia knows the impatience and frustration that accompanies sleeplessness. You long for a button that could instantly dampen all that mental activity.The idea of a mental switch is not far-fetched. Most neuroscientists now agree that our wakefulness is coordinated by a tiny bundle of neurons (一小束神经元) known as the “locus coeruleus” (LC), Latin for “blue dot”. It is a literal description: the neurons in the locus coeruleus have the blue colour from the production of a particular neurotransmitter, called norepinephrine. Norepinephrine raises the chance that a neuron will “fire” with an electric current. When they become active, cells in the locus coeruleus pass bundles of this neurotransmitter along their projections to other regions of the brain-enhancing the communication between the neurons in that area. There are slight differences in the process. Depending on the types of receptors they have, some neurons are more sensitive to smaller amounts of norepinephrine, while others only respond to higher thresholds. This means that, as the locus coeruleus activity rises, it will start to affect some brain areas more than others, which can have dramatic effects on things like our focus, concentration and creativity. Given the blue dot’s role, it makes sense that it would be quietest at night during sleep. It is not entirely silent, however, but fires occasionally-and recent research by Anita Lüthi at the University of Lausanne suggests that this activity may determine the quality of our sleeps. Across the night, we alternate between different sleep stages. There is “rapid eye movement” (REM) sleep, which is associated with vivid dreaming and is thought to be crucial for processing and consolidating memories. Much of our rest, however,is spent in non-REM (NREM) sleep, during which the brain may engage in a deep clean, clearing away cellular waste. Measuring brain activity in dozing mice, Anita found NREM sleep was associated with temporary bursts of locus coeruleus activity every 50 seconds. As a result, the animal was more sensitive to outside stimuli, like noises-without fully waking. “It’s generating this state of enhanced vigilance (警觉),” Anita says. “It really gives you this idea that wakefulness can be graded in the brain.” The beginning of REM sleep was almost always associated with low locus coeruleus activity. “That transition to REM sleep has to be very well controlled,” says Anita, “because in REM sleep, we have atonia.” That’s the temporary paralysis (麻痹) of our body, which prevents us from physically acting out our dreams. Anita emphasises that her experiments were conducted in mice, so we still need to confirm that the blue dot plays a similar role in human sleep. If so, she suspects that altered locus coeruleus activity could be implicated in conditions — such as anxiety — that may contribute to disordered sleep. She found that exposing her laboratory mice to mild sources of stress — such as knocking on their cage — raised the blue dot’s activity and increased their vigilance throughout the night, resulting in fragmented sleep. 27．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Neurons. B．Electric currents. C．Projections. D．Neurotransmitters. 28．According to the passage, what is the role of the LC? A．Producing receptors. B．Preserving cell sensitivity. C．Monitoring brain activity. D．Improving neural connectivity. 29．Which of the following may Anita Lüthi agree with? A．The blue dot fires regularly at night. B．Stress has an impact on the LC activity. C．Low LC activity can help clean cellular waste. D．Atonia results from sudden bursts of brain activity. 30．What might be the next step of the research? A．Grading the wakefulness of human brains. B．Unlocking the mechanism of sleep disorder. C．Assessing the function of the blue dot on humans. D．Identifying approaches to altering the LC activity. 题型二 完形填空 （2025·北京东城·一模）Rebecca remembers the first time she was upset by the sight of hundreds of roses. It was after a wedding reception last year as she was cleaning up the room. “Nobody had 1 for what to do with all of the flowers after the wedding. We collected as many as we could in our cars, but there were so many left over. When we were throwing all these roses into trash bags, I felt 2 about the waste,” said Rebecca. Late last year, Rebecca and her friend Laura Ruth both were mourning (悼念) their fathers when they began talking about the flowers that they received. The flowers were a 3 , but made them think about the nationwide problem of floral waste. Then, they started a nonprofit, Friendly City Florals, to reuse flowers 4 from weddings and floral shops in the area. “We’ve put the 5 out everywhere that if you have too many flowers and don’t know what to do with them, we’ll 6 them off your hands,” Rebecca said. They now devote several days a week to picking up flowers, freshening and delivering them to senior care homes, hospitals and schools in their area. The donated flowers are 7 welcome at the Community Retirement Centre. “It’s a 8 way to give our residents joy and purpose. Seeing all those flowers instantly brightens up their day,” the centre’s manager said. Rebecca and Laura are not the first to 9 flowers: A Virginia doctor collects flowers and donates them to her hospital patients. But the pair hope the idea 10 even more around the country. “If our flowers give one person a few moments of happiness on a difficult day, then it’s all worthwhile,” Rebecca said. 1．A．paid B．applied C．hoped D．planned 2．A．confused B．impatient C．terrible D．curious 3．A．symbol B．comfort C．reminder D．wonder 4．A．purchased B．borrowed C．separated D．donated 5．A．word B．signal C．effort D．task 6．A．set B．take C．hold D．keep 7．A．still B．already C．always D．even 8．A．funny B．creative C．traditional D．formal 9．A．exhibit B．preserve C．harvest D．repurpose 10．A．catches on B．comes up C．runs off D．stands out 2025年 Text 1 【2025全国一卷】An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, 56 originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. Go is one of 57 earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The movements of the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas of Eastern philosophy, according to Tu Ningning, who is in charge of the exhibition. “The exhibition brings together Go culture, cutting-edge technology and contemporary art,” says Tu. “We hope 58 (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism.” “In a Go game, each move should serve a long-term goal. You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your ‘ 59 (guide)’ till they lose,” explains Wang Wei, a Go player among the visitors to the exhibition. “The players’ personalities 60 (reveal) during the game, and one’s weaknesses are exposed to the opponent,” she adds. “A decent winner always 61 (try) to beat the opponent 62 no more than one or two points as a gesture (姿态) of respect for the other side. ” Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the 63 (strategy) placement of the pieces, 64 the energy flow following each move inspired artists to create oil paintings, sculptures, 65 (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints for the exhibition. Text 2 【2025浙江1月卷】The price of fashion — economically and environmentally — has led to the rise of 56 new way of dressing, and it’s beginning to take off in Australia, too. As people now choose to wear more clothes fewer 57 (time), clothing rental services have become increasingly popular. “I think it’s an amazing idea,” says Tanya Perilli, who owns a clothing rental shop. “Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 58 the fact that they have something unique to wear 59 are not overstuffing their own wardrobes (衣柜) or contributing to landfill.” Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women 60 (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive 61 (solve) to one-time event dressing. The concept 62 (be) certainly not new — men have been renting good suits for decades — but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. This clothing-as-service model follows the broader societal movement towards shared economies. Tanya is also looking beyond special-occasion dresses to less formal clothing, 63 she plans to package as capsule wardrobes and offer to travellers, such as those headed to weddings abroad, with a longer-term rental period. “I really want to make this work for 64 (people) lives today, and I know that doesn’t always mean 65 (return) a dress on the Monday after a special weekend,” she says. Text 4 B 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 【2025北京卷】When was the last time you took on a tough choice? Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly ____14____ (long). Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you ____15____ (make) several decisions even without noticing. Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes ____16____ (achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 【2025北京卷】When ____17____ (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists ____18____ (leave) over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ____19____ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. To reduce our impact, we can take simple steps: empty the fridge before heading out, and choose sustainable dining options. These efforts help us travel more responsibly. After all, exploring the world shouldn’t come ____20____ the planet’s expense. 2024年 Text 1 【2024新课标Ⅰ卷】Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times. The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too. The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England. Text 2 【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. Tang and Shakespeare were contemporaries and both died in 1616. Although they could never have met, there are common ___37___ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. “Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ___39___ Romeo and Juliet.” A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, ___40___ (inspire)by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international ___42___ (visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers. ___44___ (recall)watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.” Text 3 【2024全国甲卷】Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level the national parks, in particular, tend ____41____（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety. They are ____42____（treasure）of American heritage（遗产）. How did the national park system come about? On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____43____ is now northwestern Wyoming. They ____44____（be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. What should ____45____（do）with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with ____46____（it）unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ____47____all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed（承诺）to promote the idea at the ____48____（complete）of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later, 18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the ____49____（large）United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres. Text 4 【2024北京卷】 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life. Text 5 【2024北京卷】On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. Text 6 【2024浙江1月卷】The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____36____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home ____37____ you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh. Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ____38____ will make them the most money. If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____39____ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. Many supermarkets are no longer doing “buy one get one free” promotions because of the ____40____ (criticize) that they lead to waste. Consumers prefer money off individual items. However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes ____41____ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. If your supermarket sells loose produce, then buying smaller quantities is easier. Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____42____ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ____43____ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____44____ other stays fresh. Who knows, perhaps some of the more forward-looking ____45____ (one) may yet come out with a whole range of “just for you” pack sizes with special offers as well. 2023年语法填空 Test 1 【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food. The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), ____38____ to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. Shanghai may be the ____39____ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long hao’s birthplace. There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed ____40____ hand rather than rolled. Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of ____42____ (they) contents. The meat should be fresh with ____43____ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time. Test 2 【2023年全国乙卷】Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ____41____ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully ____42____ (build) system of ring roads. But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ____43____ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural ____44____ (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, ____45____ somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. ____46____ (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I ____47____ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years ___48___ (record) everything I discovered. The ____49____ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _____50_____ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. Test 3 【2023年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___41___ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. Fables were part of the oral tradition of many early cultures, and the well-known Aesop’s fables date to the ___42___ (six) century, B. C. Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, ___43___ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow.” Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, ___44___ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, ___45___ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. Behind the simple style, however, is a serious message ___46___ (intend) for everyone. ___47___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ___48___ saving their environment. The themes of traditional fables often deal with simple truths about everyday life. However, Carson’s theme is a more weighty ___49___ (warn) about environmental destruction. Carson proves that a simple literal form that has been passed down through the ages can still ____50____ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. Test 4 【2023年北京卷】Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When ____14____(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. Mangroves can help soften waves and protect ____15____(city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China ____16____(establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. Test 5 【2023年北京卷】Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention ____17____ global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ____18____ thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action ____19____(address)the struggles of people around the world ____20____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. Test 6 【2023年浙江1月卷】During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 56 arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, 57 (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 58 (surround)in concentric(同心的)circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 59 (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 60 (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子).The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 61 (space)homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 62 (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower. Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing’s long history 63 capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 64 (event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 65 culture of grassroots Beijingers. 2022年语法填空 Test 1 【2022年新高考全国Ⅰ 卷】The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___36___ (cover)an area about three times ___37___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___38___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___39___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___40___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___41___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___42___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___43___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve ___44___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___45___ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. Test 2 【2022年全国乙卷】May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially ___41___ the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate ___42___ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___43___ (address) the opening ceremony. “As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the ___44___ (large) tea-producing country, China has a ___45___ (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a ___46___ (share) future for mankind,” he said. The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation ___47___ cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion —Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative. ___48___ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ___49___ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening ____50____ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea. Test 3 【2022年北京卷】Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly ____14____ (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine ____15____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally ____16____ (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. Test 4 【2022年浙江卷6月】To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting ___36___ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ___37___ (do). John Olson, a former ___38___ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ___39___ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their ___40___ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ___41___ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly ___42___ age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ___43___ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means ___44___ (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it ___45___ to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.” Test 5 【2022年浙江卷1月】Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics 36 are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane 37（view） as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. But Cobb and others 38 （be） now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and 39 ( change ) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, 40 (rough ) 200 academics - many of them climate scientists 41 ( promise ) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak 42 she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of 43 time, they agreed. When the answer, was no, she, declined the 44 (invite ) . That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans 45 (continue) the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ”，she says, "a really positive change." Test 6 【2022年浙江卷6月】To understand a painting, we’re taught to look for color, composition, and light. But how can a painting ___36___ (appreciate)by someone who’s blind? Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not ___37___ (do). John Olson, a former ___38___ (photograph)and his team turn paintings into fully textured 3D models. The tactile(可触知的)paintings work as a way to show art to ___39___ blind because we don’t see with just Our eyes: We see with our brains. Research in the field of neuroplasticity-the brain’s adaptability-shows that the visual cortex(大脑皮层)is made active by touch. Blind people recognize shapes with their ___40___ (exist) senses, in a way similar to that of ___41___ (sight )people, says Ella Striem-Amit, a Harvard scientist. Luc Gandarias, who’s now thirteen, went blind suddenly ___42___ age seven. When he felt a 3D version of Leonardo da Vinci’s “Mona Lisa” he ___43___ (notice)her smile right away. ”I can actually feel what you see when you look at it,” he said. For Luc, this means ___44___ (independent). "The feeling of being able to see it ___45___ to form my opinion is like breaking down another wall as a blind person.” 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$