UNIT 2 Section Ⅲ Using language(Word教参)-【新课程学案】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册（外研版）

Section Ⅲ　Using language 语法项目——动词-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语 语境中体悟 I'm fond of keeping① a diary in English to improve my English writing ability. My English teacher often suggests developing② the habit of thinking in English, so we stick to practising③ it, and gradually we learn how to express④ ourselves in English. When keeping a diary in English, we certainly have difficulty in finding⑤ appropriate words and phrases to express our ideas and feelings. As far as I am concerned, I choose to have⑥ a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. Whenever something beats me, I enjoy writing⑦ it down in my notebook and then consulting⑧ my dictionary. Remember to turn⑨ to English teachers for help, if necessary. In conclusion, I think it beneficial to keep⑩ a diary in English for the development of our writing skills. [语法入门] ①keeping ...作be fond of的宾语； ②developing ...作suggest的宾语； ③practising ...作stick to的宾语； ④how to express ...作learn的宾语； ⑤finding ...作have difficulty in的宾语； ⑥to have ...作choose的宾语； ⑦writing ...作enjoy的宾语； ⑧consulting ...作enjoy的宾语； ⑨to turn ...作remember的宾语； ⑩to keep ...作think的真正宾语，it作形式宾语。 学案中理清 一、动词-ing形式作宾语　 1．动词-ing作宾语 　动词-ing既可作介词的宾语，也可作动词的宾语。 建议考虑坚持练 suggest, advise, consider, insist on, practise 允许想象弃冒险 permit, allow, imagine, give up, risk 阻止抵抗否逃脱 prevent, resist, deny, escape 不禁介意保持完 can't help, mind, keep, finish 耽误推迟求原谅 delay, put off, require, forgive, excuse 承认错过不欣喜 admit, miss, dislike, appreciate, enjoy 2．跟动词-ing作宾语的常见短语 还有一些短语常跟动词-ing形式作宾语，常见的有：be good at (擅长), be fond of (喜欢), take to(养成……的习惯), be worth (值), devote to (致力于), feel like (想要), give up (放弃), have trouble/difficulty (in) (在……方面有困难), pay attention to (注意), be/get used to (习惯于), insist on (坚持), get down to (开始做)等。 [对点练]　 (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①(2025·浙江1月高考)If the information you're communicating isn't urgent, consider sending (send) an email. ②I don't mind traveling (travel) by bus, but I hate standing in queues. ③Here we don't permit smoking in the office. 我们这儿不允许在办公室吸烟。 ④(2023·全国乙卷书面表达)I have taken to playing tennis after supper every day. 我养成了每天晚饭后去打网球的习惯。 二、动词不定式作宾语　 1．动词不定式作宾语 口诀巧记常接动词不定式作宾语的动词： 同意提出作计划，要求答应来帮忙 agree, offer, intend/plan, demand, promise, help　 准备决定遭拒绝，选择学习有希望 prepare, decide, refuse, choose, learn, wish/hope/want/expect 不能做到莫假装，设法做成决心强 fail, pretend, manage, determine 恳求安排又威胁，声称目标不犹豫 beg, arrange, threaten, claim, aim, hesitate 2.“疑问词＋不定式”结构作宾语 “疑问词(who, which, when, where, how, what等)＋不定式”结构在句中起名词作用，可作介词的宾语，也可作动词的宾语。常接“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语的动词有：teach, remember, forget, decide, wonder, show, learn, consider, know等。 3．其他不定式结构作宾语 不定式作某些动词的宾语，其后跟补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，指代作真正宾语的不定式，可以用于该句型的动词有：consider, make, feel, find, think等。 [对点练]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ①(2024·全国甲卷)From then on, if I wanted to read (read) an ending guaranteed to be happy, I'd pick up a love romance. ②(2024·北京高考)The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share (share) and learn each week. ③(2024·北京高考)To practise this, we need to establish (establish) clear boundaries in our personal and professional life. ④(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Flashing him another apologetic smile, I begged him for a delayed payment, telling him that the conference I would attend in Prague was so important that I couldn't afford to miss (miss) it. ⑤(2024·全国甲卷)That's why this issue (期) of Writer's Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you're doing. 那就是为什么本期的《作家文摘》旨在帮助你了解如何为你正从事的各种写作类型写出最好的结尾。 三、动词-ing形式作宾语与动词不定式作宾语的用法区别　 1．可接动词-ing和不定式作宾语但意义不同的动词(短语) ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ 2．可接动词-ing和不定式作宾语且意义差别不大的动词 (1)hate, love, like, prefer等动词后接不定式和动词-ing作宾语时，意义虽相同，内涵却有些区别——接不定式作宾语时，多表示一次性的、具体的动作；接动词-ing作宾语时，多表示习惯性的、一般性的动作。 (2)begin, start, continue等少数几个动词后接动词-ing或不定式作宾语时意义基本相同。但如果 begin, start 等用于进行时态，或其主语是物而非人时，常用不定式作宾语。 3．特殊情况 need, want, require作“需要”讲，句子的主语指物时，后可接动词-ing形式的主动式，也可接不定式的被动式。 [对点练] (1)用所给动词的适当形式填空 ①Missing the train means waiting (wait) for another hour. ②After finishing her homework, my sister went on to do (do) some housework. ③Try knocking (knock) at the back door and see whether he is in or not. ④We've had a good start, but more work needs doing/to be done (do) to achieve the final success. (2)对比填空 ⑤My grandfather always forgets to take the keys but he always says that he remembers taking them.(take) ⑥She likes dancing, but she doesn't like to dance with him.She'd like to dance with her friend.(dance) ⑦In England Tom went on studying English.After mastering English he went on to study Russian.(study) 应用中融通 完成语段 Yesterday, I ①started planning/to plan my trip (开始计划我的旅行). I ②considered going to the mountains or the beach (考虑去山区或海滩). I ③remembered climbing the mountains last year (记得去年爬山). I also ④thought about lying on the beach (想过躺在沙滩上). But finally, I ⑤decided to go to the mountains (决定去山区) again. I ⑥expected to see the beautiful sunrise (期待看到美丽的日出) and hear the birds singing. I prepared ⑦to pack my warm clothes (打包保暖衣物). I ⑧hoped to have a wonderful and relaxing journey (希望有一个美好而放松的旅程)． 教材听力“再利用” 一、由听力厚积语料库 1．not lift a finger　　　 袖手旁观 2．a wet blanket 令人扫兴的人 3．an eager beaver 做事特别努力、特别积极的人 4．drag one's feet 故意拖拉；故意延迟 5．turn over a new leaf 重新开始；改过自新 6．get started 开始；着手 7．before the deadline 在截止日期之前 8．get good marks 取得好成绩 9．fair and square 光明正大地；诚实地 10．cheer up 振奋起来 二、教材录音材料的发掘训练 1．Why is Dawei upset? A．He had a terrible time in Beijing. B．Liu Jing is much better at English than he is. C．He failed in the national English speaking competition. 2．Who is Liu Jing? A．Dawei's best friend. B．The winner in the school competition. C．The girl who has ability in winning the competition. 3．What will Dawei do next? A．Go to apologize to Liu Jing. B．Work hard for the next competition. C．Defeat Liu Jing in the next competition. 答案：1～3　CCB 三、依据教材听力完成句子 1．I'm going to show everybody what I have learnt. 2．Yes, I was up late helping my brother with his homework. 3．If I don't help him, he never finishes his homework and gets into trouble. 4．But you must have been very good to get into the competition. 5．Well, there was a competition at school first that was held to see who would go into the national competition. 四、主题表达训练 请根据教材及听力材料中出现的有关人物描述的表达方式补全下面语段。 John used to be ①an eager beaver (一个特别积极的人) at work, always ready to take on new tasks and take part in ②all kinds of competitions (各种各样的比赛). He thought ③ it was worthwhile to try new things (尝试新事物是值得的). However, after facing a series of setbacks, he started to ④drag his feet (故意拖拉). ⑤ He wasn't enthusiastic (他不再热情) and would ⑥not lift a finger (袖手旁观), which ⑦made his friends upset (让他的朋友们感到不安). But recently, he realized he couldn't continue like this. He decided to ⑧turn over a new leaf (改过自新). He is now trying to regain his former enthusiasm and be an active contributor again. 听力素材“多积累” 1．feel low　　　　　　　　 情绪低落 2．a deep sigh 深深的叹息 3．lend sb.an ear 倾听某人 4．stick it out 坚持到底 5．face challenges bravely 勇敢地面对挑战 6．overcome the difficulty 克服困难 7．refuse to give up 拒绝放弃 8．look on the bright side (对坏情况)持乐观态度 9．Are you okay? I'm here for you! 你还好吧？你还有我呢！ 10．Loosen up! It's not worth getting upset about. 放松点儿！不值得为这件事苦恼。 11．You seem annoyed. What's going on? 你好像很心烦的样子，怎么了？ 12．How are things going? You have been a bit down lately. 一切都还好吗？你近期情绪有点低落。 13．Don't let anyone bring you down. 不要让任何人打倒你。 14．Every cloud has a silver lining. 再黑暗的地方也有一线光明(天无绝人之路)。 1．Even though being a camper has its challenges, I feel it is worthwhile.尽管做一名露营者有挑战性，但我觉得这是值得的。 ★worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的 |用|法|感|知| •The smile on my mother's face made it all worthwhile. 妈妈脸上的笑容使得这一切都非常值得。 •(深刻说理句)I always feel exhausted after a day's study, while it is worthwhile to try my best to pursue my ideal. 经过一天的学习，我总是感到筋疲力尽，但努力追求理想是值得的。 归纳点拨 (1)It's worthwhile doing/to do sth.值得做某事 (2)be worthy (3)be worth 易混辨析 (1)worthwhile：既可作表语，又可作定语，常用于句型it is worthwhile ...中，其后跟动词-ing 短语或不定式短语均可。 (2)worthy：后可接of＋n./being done 或接to be done。 (3)worth：只作表语，后接名词，还可接动词-ing的主动形式表示被动含义；如果表示“很值得”，要用be well worth。 |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It is worthwhile spending/to spend (spend) two hours reading the book. ②In my opinion, the film is well worth seeing (see)． ③Helping old people is a worthwhile activity. 帮助老人是一项很有意义的活动。 ④This suggestion is worthy to be considered/of being considered.这个建议值得考虑。 (2)一句多译 这本参考书值得买，因为它对你的学习很有帮助。 ⑤The reference book is worth buying, because it is a great help for your study.(worth) ⑥The reference book is worthy to be/of being bought, because it is a great help for your study.(worthy) ⑦It is worthwhile buying/to buy the reference book, because it is a great help for your study.(worthwhile) [名师点津] (1)worth常作表语，表示“值得的，有……价值的”，可用副词well来修饰。 (2)worthy和worthwhile既可作表语，又可作定语。 2．someone who is extremely enthusiastic and enjoys working extremely hard 一个极度热情并且喜欢极度努力工作的人 ★enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的；热情的 |用|法|感|知| •(深刻说理句)No person who is enthusiastic about his work has anything to fear from life. 凡对本身工作表现热忱的人，在生活中都无所畏惧。 •With the improvement of community environment, residents are more and more enthusiastic to take part in sports. 随着社会环境的改善，居民越来越喜欢参加体育运动。 •The news was greeted with a lack of enthusiasm by those at the meeting. 与会者对这消息未表现出多少兴趣。 [归纳点拨] (1)be enthusiastic about ... 对……热心；热衷于…… be enthusiastic to do sth.　 非常喜欢做某事 (2)enthusiasm n. 热情；热心 with enthusiasm 热情地 enthusiastically adv. 热情地；热心地 |应|用|融|会| (单句语法填空/完成句子) ①He waved us over to the tea display and talked enthusiastically (enthusiastic) about his stock. ②I'm sure it will appeal to you, for you've been enthusiastic about sports. ③She's very enthusiastic to read the Chinese classical masterpieces. 她非常喜欢读中国古典名著。 ④Lily grinned with enthusiasm and opened the door with an excited greeting. 莉莉热情地咧嘴一笑，打开了门，兴奋地打了个招呼。 3．Why are you so upset? 你为什么这么烦恼？ ★upset adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的；不安的v.使不安；使心烦 |用|法|感|知| •(“心理描写”佳句)I felt upset about what had happened, and I wished to put things right. 我对发生的事情感到不安，希望把事情纠正过来。 •(“情绪描写”佳句)She feels upset that we didn't tell her the truth. 我们没告诉她实情，她感到很生气。 •(“情绪描写”佳句)It upset her that her friend had left without leaving a word. 朋友的不告而别让她感到难过。 [归纳点拨] (1)be/feel upset over/about/at ... 对……感到不安/难过/心烦 be/feel upset that ... 对……感到不安 be upset to do sth. 对做某事感到不安/难过 (2)What upsets sb. is ... 让某人心烦的是…… It upsets sb. to do sth. /that ... 让某人心烦的是…… |应|用|融|会| (1)单句语法填空 ①In my opinion, there is no point being upset about/over/at it. ②She was upset to know (know) that her application for the position was refused. (2)句式升级 I didn't know how to get along with my roommates and that upset me. ③It upset me that I didn't know how to get along with my roommates.(it作形式主语) ④What upset me was that I didn't know how to get along with my roommates.(主语从句) [名师点津] (1)upset作形容词时常用作表语。 (2)upset作动词时，过去式和过去分词形式都是upset；其现在分词形式为upsetting。 [课时跟踪检测]　　　(标语篇配有教师讲评课件) Ⅰ.阅读理解 Marjorie grew up with a sense of worthlessness. Again and again her father said she would never accomplish anything in life. He told her she was a loser and that anything she did was sure to end in failure. With these words constantly ringing in her ears she grew up looking for someone who would love her and see her as a person of worth. This led her into relationships that disappointed her, ending in pain yet, which was another proof that she was worthless and unlovable. Where does our sense of self-worth come from? It is true that the foundation for a person's self-worth is laid in the home. Words that we hear in our home can build or tear down our worth. Encouraging words are words of life to us while words of criticism are words of death. Other people like teachers, friends and employers add to the collection of life-giving death words in a person's heart. Over time a person begins to see themselves in the light of these words. In this situation can one develop a sense of worth? Feeling worthless is possibly the most obvious symptom of low self-esteem (自尊心). But it's easy to overcome. However tough your childhood is, you can still choose to enrich the world every day simply by the way you interact with others and make caring decisions. Whether we contribute anything or not is a choice. Feeling worthless means that you're not doing as well in the areas that matter to you and therefore you need to try to increase your self-esteem. To feel worthwhile, you'll have to really work at it and never give up on yourself. All human beings are capable of adding value to society, including you. Thus there are no excuses for saying things like “I'm worthless, stupid, useless” because you have the choice not to be any of these things. 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。 文章主要讲述了如何提升自我价值，增强自尊心。 1．What can we know from paragraph 1? A．Marjorie was a very confident woman. B．Fathers decide children's future development. C．Family education affects children's growth. D．Children shouldn't follow their parents' advice. 解析：选C　推理判断题。第一段主要讲了在Marjorie的成长过程中，父亲对她的否定使得她丧失信心，觉得自己无用，最终她也开始怀疑自己。这说明家庭教育对孩子的影响很大。故选C。 2．What does the third paragraph mainly show us? A．What self-esteem is. B．Why we feel worthless. C．When we should make a choice. D．How we should change ourselves. 解析：选D　段落大意题。根据第三段中的“To feel worthwhile, you'll have to really work at it and never give up on yourself.”可知，本段主要讲了我们应该如何增强自尊心，如何提升自我价值，即应该怎样改变自己。故选D。 3．What can be inferred from the text? A．All of us can contribute to society. B．Our self-esteem is only built at home. C．People should treat their children strictly. D．People should accomplish anything that matters to them. 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“All human beings are capable of adding value to society, including you.”可知，我们所有的人都能对社会有所贡献。故选A。 4．Which of the following is the best title of this text? A．The reasons for worthlessness B．Take action to become worthwhile C．The importance of fathers' education D．Study to get self-esteem 解析：选B　标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了如何提升自我价值，增强自尊心。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空 In high school, I did a scientific experiment. The experiment made me 5 that science could teach us a lot. It teaches us the 6 so we know where we are from. That day, I firmly 7 to be a scientist. Ever since that day, I have studied harder 8 in all my science-related subjects. After school, I do much research on how I can become a 9 scientist in the future. One of my 10 in becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock, who was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. At 25, she already had her PhD in botany. After that, she started her 11 as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) and she 12 herself to that research for the rest of her life. If I am lucky and given the 13 to achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor McClintock. She 14 something that helped the other scientists 15 the things about genetics (遗传学)． I know I will be able to achieve my 16 as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it. If I achieve my goal, I will share my 17 of success with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists. My future will be as 18 as the stars in the night sky. However, my future is still far. I will make the most of the 19 to achieve my greatest ambition of becoming a scientist. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在中学某次做实验的时候，发现了科学能够教会我们很多东西，从此立志成为一名科学家。尽管未来很遥远，但作者会充分把握现在去实现梦想。 5．A.doubt　　　　　　　　 B．wonder C．realize D．value 解析：选C　后文“It teaches us the so we know where we are from.”进一步描述科学教会我们的具体内容，所以该空表示实验让作者“意识到”科学能教会我们许多东西。故选C。 6．A.school B．origin C．growth D．study 解析：选B　根据空后内容“so we know where we are from”可知，科学教给我们“起源”。故选B。 7．A.refused B．volunteered C．continued D．decided 解析：选D　上文作者通过做实验发现科学能教给我们很多东西；下文“I have studied harder in all my science-related subjects.”作者更加努力去学习与科学有关的学科，所以该空描述作者“决定”成为一名科学家。故选D。 8．A.especially B．possibly C．properly D．separately 解析：选A　前文讲述作者决定成为一名科学家，所以“尤其”会对与科学相关的课程更关注。故选A。 9．A.happy B．popular C．real D．careful 解析：选C　前文讲述作者决定成为一名科学家并为之付诸努力，所以此处指作者研究如何成为一名“真正的”科学家。故选C。 10．A.experiences B．persuasions C．generations D．inspirations 解析：选D　根据后文具体介绍科学家Barbara McClintock可知，她是作者想成为一名科学家的“灵感”之一。故选D。 11．A.attempt B．career C．praise D．tradition 解析：选B　空后“the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学)”是她“工作”的具体领域。故选B。 12．A.devoted B．invited C．limited D．reduced 解析：选A　根据空后“herself to that research for the rest of her life”可知，Barbara McClintock后半生都“奉献”给了这项研究。故选A。 13．A.reason B．freedom C．right D．opportunity 解析：选D　根据空后“I want to be like Doctor McClintock”和空前提示词“lucky”可知，此处表示未发生的，所以是给予作者成为一名科学家的“机会”。故选D。 14．A.heard B．expected C．discovered D．awarded 解析：选C　根据空后内容“something that helped the other scientists”可知，她“发现”的一些东西帮助了其他科学家。故选C。 15．A.set out B．figure out C．stick out D．take out 解析：选B　McClintock博士所发现的东西帮助其他科学家“弄清楚”了关于遗传学的内容。set out“出发”；figure out“弄清楚”；stick out“伸出；显眼”；take out“取出”。故选B。 16．A.dream B．reward C．fame D．stage 解析：选A　此处呼应前文的“achieve my ambition”。故选A。 17．A.fortune B．location C．light D．secret 解析：选D　根据空后“of success with all the kids”可知，作者会和孩子们分享成功的“秘诀”。故选D。 18．A.bright B．capable C．proud D．brave 解析：选A　作者把自己的未来比作天上的星星，所以应该是“明亮的”。故选A。 19．A.lesson B．present C．mind D．heart 解析：选B　前文描述作者的未来还很遥远，所以此处应该是作者会充分把握好“现在”去实现未来的目标。故选B。 Ⅲ.语法填空() In 2019, Tu Youyou was selected by the BBC as one of the most influential 20 (figure) of science in the 20th century along with Albert Einstein and Alan Mathison Turing.Tu Youyou was noted for her bravery in being a scientist during a difficult time for science in China, her ability to use old 21 (wise) and new methods to achieve her goals and the fact that her work 22 (bridge) the Eastern and Western worlds, 23 (save) millions of lives. In 1969, Tu 24 (choose) to establish a team to find a cure for malaria (疟疾)．This was not an easy task.The reason why this was difficult was that the team had 25 (limit) resources.They did not have enough staff, and the laboratory 26 they worked had poor air quality.However, after hundreds of failed experiments, they eventually came across a promising chemical.It worked well in experiments on animals, 27 they had to know if it was safe for humans.Tu 28 (brave) volunteered to be the first human subject when they were ready to start testing and the rest of her team followed her.The test was 29 success.The medicine they discovered, artemisinin (青蒿素), has now become the world's most effective drug for fighting malaria. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了20世纪最具影响力的科学人物之一——屠呦呦。 20．figures　考查名词复数。固定结构“one of＋名词复数”表示“……之一”。故填figures。 21．wisdom　考查名词。此处与new methods是并列成分，作use的宾语，应用名词wisdom，并且wisdom为不可数名词。故填wisdom。 22．bridged　考查时态。分析句子结构可知，设空处为同位语从句的谓语动词，根据语境及“Tu Youyou was noted for”可知，此处描述的是过去的动作，应用一般过去时。故填bridged。 23．saving　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，该词和主语Tu Youyou是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词。故填saving。 24．was chosen　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处与单数主语Tu Youyou是被动关系，应用被动语态；由In 1969可知，应用一般过去时。故填was chosen。 25．limited　考查形容词。根据句意可知，此处应用形容词limited“有限的”作定语，修饰名词resources。 26．where　考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the laboratory，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 27．but　考查连词。根据句意可知，前后句意形成转折关系，故应用转折连词but。 28．bravely　考查副词。此处修饰动词volunteered，应用副词。故填bravely。 29．a　考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处为抽象名词具体化，success指“成功的人或事”，应用不定冠词，且该词的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 93 / 93 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$