北京市第八十中学2023-2024学年高二上学期期中英语试卷

北京市第八十中学2023~2024学年第一学期期中考试 高二英语 （考试时间90分钟 满分100分） 提示：试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Making My Own Bicycle It was a Saturday morning. James and I were at the Bamboo Bicycle Club, ready for our bamboo bicycle building course. The first step was setting up the structure for holding the frame (骨架) in place. After that we were told to ___1___ the bamboo to be of use, which was a delicate job. There were several things to ___2___. Of course, finding pieces that were the color we wanted was just as important. The rest of the afternoon was spent ___3___ each piece of the frame into the structure. Bamboo is fairly flexible and this particular ___4___ meant that some adjustments were really necessary. One problem lining up the two chains causes ___5___ made our frame useless. Luckily, however, after some careful ___6___, we confirmed that it was alright. There was just enough space to fit a wheel. On Sunday morning we returned to the workshop to complete the final ___7___. We began to tightly wrap each joint on the frame, to keep it ___8___ with natural fibers kept in special glue. All that was left now was for it to dry. In a few hours we would be official members of the Bamboo Bicycle Club. Finally we finished our job. I couldn’t wait to ___9___ our bicycle to find out what it was really like to ride a bamboo bicycle. It felt just as ____10____ as any bicycle, but softer and more relaxed. Now, every time I get on our bicycle, I can’t help smiling. It reminds me of when James and I built it and makes me proud of myself. 1. A. return B. cover C. deliver D. select 2. A. bring in B. watch for C. take over D. give away 3. A. fixing B. changing C. leaving D. mixing 4. A. angle B. position C. quality D. stage 5 A. only B. almost C. seldom D. still 6. A. checks B. requests C. preparations D. links 7. A. report B. command C. judgement D. process 8. A. smooth B. heavy C. firm D. slim 9. A. charge B. test C. seek D. equip 10. A. complicated B. accurate C. suitable D. capable 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 But Jason ____11____ (appreciate) this change. He is pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man. He was tired of ____12____ (regard) as living a successful life, as a person who had everything while many people had nothing. He made the choice to give all his money away. And this, he said, brought him happiness and a sense of success in life. B 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 I could have become angry or ____13____ (defense). Don’t they know how hard it is to be at the top in sport? Don’t they know what it takes to get there? However, deep down I knew elements of what he was saying were right. I was always tired and every workout had a mental intensity that seemed too much ____14____ most to handle. I was pushing the limits and extremes beyond ____15____ most thought were healthy. C 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Can a sixth extinction ____16____ (avoid)? Experts say that it is not yet too late, if we take action now. This would mean we have to significantly change the way we live. For example, we need to take steps to save endangered species, including setting up special areas ____17____ plants and animals can be protected. We need to change how we work and travel by using cleaner, more natural sources of energy, such as wind and solar energy. We also need to improve our farming methods ____18____ (reduce) water, air and land pollution. In short, if we want to survive, we need to stop destroying the planet that we live on and start to protect it. D 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Here are some figures about Britain. Over the last decade, an average of 2,500 people ____19____ (die) every year in vehicle accidents; traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change, as car engines produce various types of greenhouse ____20____ (gas). 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A National Ice Cream Month is approaching! This, of course, means a feast of ice cream. Here are fun facts about ice cream to keep you entertained. The history of ice cream · China is believed to be the one that invented the device that produces ice cream at around 200 BC. · In the I6th century, the Mughal emperors used horsemen to get ice to produce fruit ice creams served on their table. · In the mid-18th century, ice cream became less expensive, making it a common sweet in shops and people’s daily lives. · In 1888, the ice cream cone (锥形蛋卷筒) was first mentioned and the eatable cone eventually became popular in the US during the 1904 World’s Fair. The flavor may reflect one’s personality! Most people think their ice cream choice is a function of their taste preferences. However, it may reflect an individual’s personality. Vanilla ice cream fans are real risk-takers, while those who love chocolate tend to be lively. Strawberry ice cream fans are usually devoted and not outgoing. Love coffee ice cream? Then you must be precise careful and a perfectionist! The world’s largest ice cream In 2014, Kemps, a Minnesota-based company, marked its 100th anniversary by showing the world’ s largest ice cream at the annual Strawberry Festival in Wisconsin. The 5-foot, 6-inch-tall, and 6-foot, 2-inch-wide frozen masterpiece was made using 733 containers of strawberry ice cream. After being confirmed to be a Guinness World Record, the history-making sweet treat was distributed to some lucky attendees. 21. When did ice cream become easily available to ordinary people? A. In the late 16th century. B. In the late 19th century. C. In the middle of the 18th century. D. In the early 2lst century. 22. Who will most probably choose strawberry ice cream? A. A young explorer. B. A shy girl. C. An energetic man. D. A careful employee. 23. Which of the following best describes the world’s largest ice cream? A It contained various flavors. B. It aimed to break a record. C. It was created for a celebration. D. It was awarded to attendees. B Craig Foster, bare-chested, was diving in bitterly cold waters off the southern-most tip of Africa when he saw her--an octopus hiding under a coat of shells and stones． Deeply attracted, he began following this incredibly shy creature．He kept coming back every day to the same place where he first met her, trying to stay very still in her presence．For weeks she refused him: hiding in her home, or pushing her liquid body into the nearest crack to escape．And then, after Foster's dogged persistence for 26 days, she reached out and touched him． In the documentary "My Octopus Teacher" this tender moment moves you in a way you never thought an octopus tentacle（触手）wrapped around a human hand could．The nature documentary won Best Feature at the EarthxFilm Festival 2020． "If you gain the trust of that animal over a period of months, it will actually ignore you to a certain degree and carry on with its normal life, and allow you to step inside its secret world," Foster says in his documentary． We see her outsmarting a shark by riding on its back, growing a new tentacle after surviving a shark attack, and finally wasting away after laying her eggs．"The octopus showed me many behaviors that were completely new to science," Foster says． After years of filming some of the planet s most dangerous animals, Foster was burnt out, depressed, and disconnected．"I was struggling．My only way to heal felt like I needed to be in the ocean, my go-to happy place as a child," he says． Completely involving himself in the underwater world has calmed his mind．Over the years other animals have reached out to make contact, including dolphins, whales and even sharks．"But nothing has compared to this 'once-in-a-lifetime' bond with the octopus," Foster says． The octopus changed Foster's life forever．Foster says the octopus taught him that humans are part of the natural world, and not simply visitors．"Your own role and place in the natural world is the most precious gift we humans have received," he says． 24. Foster followed the octopus with _______________． A. great patience B. a professional goal C. scientific curiosity D. an adventurous spirit 25. According to "My Octopus Teacher", the octopus _______________． A. enjoyed Foster's attention B. taught Foster surviving skills C. placed trust in Foster gradually D. benefited from Foster's company 26. What did Foster learn from the experience? A. The natural world offers many gifts． B. Humans belong to the natural world． C The natural world never fails to impress． D. Humans should protect the natural world． C Vast underwater meadows (草甸) of gently waving sea grass cover hundreds of miles up and down the West Coast. These blue-green fields perform a variety of important services. They protect the shoreline from erosion, clear pollutants from the water and provide habitats for all kinds of marine animals. New research suggests sea grass meadows may also mitigate a serious consequence of greenhouse gas emissions: the steady acidification of ocean waters. The study published in the journal Global Change Biology finds that sea grass forests can raise pH levels in coastal waters. As they perform photosynthesis (光合作用), they remove carbon dioxide from the water, counteracting the acidifying effect of the gas. “I think we are all very excited about it,” said lead study author Aurora Ricart, a scientist at the Bigelow Laboratory for Marine Sciences. Ocean acidification is a side effect of rising carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere. Some of this CO2 dissolves out of the air and into the sea, causing a chemical reaction that lowers the water’s pH. Scientists sometimes refer to it as global warming’s “evil twin”—an invisible companion to climate change. Ocean acidification can have harmful effects on marine organisms like shellfish and coral by preventing them from properly forming the hard shells they need to survive. It’s a threat both to natural ecosystems and to shellfish fisheries around the world. The study presents a natural way to address the problem. Researchers analyzed six years of data from sea grass meadows spanning more than 600 miles off the California coastline. It focused on the common eelgrass, one of the most widespread sea grass species on the West Coast. The authors claim it’s the largest, most comprehensive study of its kind. According to the study, sea grass ecosystems can raise pH levels by more than 0.1 unit, equivalent to about a 30% decrease in acidity. The effect isn’t constant. It comes in waves and is influenced by temperature, daylight, ocean currents and other factors that affect water chemistry and sea grass photosynthesis rates. But the tempering influence on acidification can be lasting, sometimes persisting for up to three weeks at a time. The study also shows that pH is higher in sea grass ecosystems, compared to nearby areas with no sea grass, about 65% of the time. The study didn’t investigate the effects of higher pH on marine organisms — that’s a question for future research. But there’s reason to believe these meadows may have a positive influence on shellfish and other ocean animals. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Sea grass forests can lower pH levels of coastal waters. B. Shellfish and corals are not affected by ocean acidification. C. Sea grass meadows can help remove pollutants from the sea water. D. The effects of higher pH on marine organisms were investigated in this study. 28. What does the underlined word “mitigate” in Paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Relieve. B. Present. C. Cause. D. Predict. 29. Paragraph 7 tells us the research ________. A. findings B. process C. questions D. reflection 30. Why does the author write this passage? A. To illustrate the serious situation of climate change. B. To present the living conditions of the underwater meadows. C. To emphasize the importance of research on marine pollution. D. To introduce a natural way to solve the problem of ocean acidification. D In the USA, youth curfews (宵禁) are traditionally issued by a parent in the interest of safety. This type of curfew is personal, and rightfully so. However, to stop teenagers committing crimes, some officials have turned youth curfews from family decisions into public laws. The idea may have been thought to have good intentions. In practice, however, these policies have been shown to be unfair and unconstitutional, according to the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). In the town of Sumner, Washington, a father allowed his fourteen-year-old son to go to a convenience store after 11:00 p.m. Sumner had adopted a curfew law that prohibited people under the age of eighteen from being in public places past that hour. The father was fined, and then he pursued a legal challenge against the town. The ACLU, which filed the case on behalf of the father, claimed the curfew laws had violated (侵犯) parents' rights. In the end, Sumner's curfew laws were struck down. But isn't it irresponsible not to enforce a curfew on teenagers? Curfew laws supporters argue that officials should provide a curfew to ensure teens are home by a reasonable hour. The risk of a serious accident is three times as high for drivers aged sixteen to nineteen as for drivers over twenty. And dangers only increase at night. This indicates to some that a law keeping teens off the road late at night is a positive safety measure. Still, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) says that the best ways for drivers to increase safety are by obeying the speed limit, wearing a seat belt, and paying attention. The NHTSA makes no mention of youth curfews making driving safer. In cities, curfew enforcement has been ineffective or even had a negative impact on communities. Most crimes committed by teens actually happen around 3：00 p.m. , right after school. On non-school days, that time shifts to between 7:00 p.m. and 9:00 p.m. The curfew hours, usually between 10:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. , occur at a time of day when teenage crime is at its lowest. Meanwhile, violent crime rates peak around 10:00 p.m. for adults. When law enforcement performs the teen curfew sweep, policemen are distracted from the more serious violent crimes being committed by adults at that time. Also troubling is the racial discrimination in cities with curfews. For example, recent data have found that in Minneapolis, Minnesota, 56% of youths charged with breaking curfews were African American. Other law enforcement department reports show similar problems. Curfew laws are criticized because they are enforced in a racially discriminatory way. The ACLU has succeeded in striking down at least one curfew law because of concerns over parental rights. Along with other community and civil rights groups, it continues to pursue other cases, arguing that curfew law enforcement can only increase tension and crime. To arrest teens for driving home from the movies, playing basketball in the park, or simply walking their dog is to punish them for being outside their homes—a policy inconsistent with the individual rights established in the U. S. Constitution. 31. What is the authors attitude towards legal curfews for teenagers? A. Disapproving. B. Supportive. C. Uncertain. D. Indifferent. 32. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. Reasonable curfew hours for teenagers. B. The necessity of enforcing youth curfews. C. Unwanted consequences of youth curfews. D. The impact of youth curfews on adult crimes. 33. What can be inferred about the ACLU from the passage? A. It helps people defend their individual rights. B. It is in favour of enforcing a curfew on teenagers. C. It stresses the responsibilities of parents to their children. D. It believes youth curfews are highly related to road safety. 34. From the passage we can learn that ______. A. teenagers in the United States love their independence B. enforcing youth curfews will lead to distrust of the policemen C. legal curfews should exist only when parents are irresponsible D. legal curfews violate individual liberties and may be cancelled 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Evaluating Sources of health Information Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation. A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information. Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to fins relevant information, how to separate fact from opinions, how to recognize poor reasoning, and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources. ___35___ Go to the original source. Media reports often simplify the results of medical research. Find out for yourself what a study really reported, and determine whether it was based on good science. Think about the type of study. ______36______ Watch for misleading language. Some studies will find that a behaviour ＂contributes to＂ or is ＂associated with＂ an outcome; this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result. ___37___ Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it. Use your common sense. If a report seems too good to be true, probably it is. Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements. ____38____ Evaluate ＂scientific＂ statements carefully, and be aware of quackery (江湖骗术). ___39___ Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration, but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us. Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about the health problems will serve you well throughout your life. A. Make choices that are right for you. B. The goal of an ad is to sell you something. C. Be sure to work through the critical questions. D. And examine the findings of the original research. E. Distinguish between research reports and public health advice. F. Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author’s point of view. G. The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） The last thing I wanted to hear when my government-sponsored scholarship was withdrawn during my final year of college was: "Things are working out for your own good. Just give them some time." Those words just stirred a lot of anger in me. Then I read the story of the Chinese bamboo farmer, which gave me a different view on life. The seed of the Chinese bamboo is planted in the ground like every seed. It is watered, and fed with nutrients daily, but it shows no immediate physical response and doesn't appear to grow. The farmer continues to water and feed the seed in year one, year two, and year three. No growth is seen until the fourth year, when the seed finally breaks through the ground. Then, in the space of just five weeks, it grows ninety feet tall. The Chinese bamboo grows to its full capacity within 5 years. Despite not seeing an immediate result, the farmer had trust in what he was doing. He continued to water and feed the plant for four years, because he believed that if he played his own role and did all that a farmer was supposed to do, then he would be given his reward at the right time. That trust and patience is what kept the farmer persistently feeding his seed for four years before enjoying the reward in the end. Life is not always straightforward. Most often, it's not a matter of 5+5 =10 (Sum 1). Life can be more like 2+1+2+0+0+0+1+2+0+0+1 + 1=10 (Sum 2). Both sums lead to the same result, but through quite different paths and processes. To be mature is to accept that things might look rough right now but the story can still have a great ending. We might live in a microwave generation where everything seems to happen instantly; but many things still obey the laws of nature. Just doing what you are supposed to be doing, having patience like the Chinese bamboo farmer, and trusting that things will work out for you can help you get through the toughest times. 40. What happened to the author in the final year of college? 41. How does the Chinese bamboo grow in the fourth year? 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. To overcome difficulties, we need to trust that things will work out and simply wait patiently for the great ending to come. 43. Which is your life more like, Sum 1 or Sum 2? Explain why. (about 40 words) 第二节 写作（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他最近过度使用手机，日常生活受到影响，他为此感到苦恼。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1.表示理解； 2.你的建议及理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 北京市第八十中学2023~2024学年第一学期期中考试 高二英语 （考试时间90分钟 满分100分） 提示：试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 【1~10题答案】 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. D 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 【11~12题答案】 【答案】11. appreciates 12. being regarded B 【13~15题答案】 【答案】13. defensive 14. for 15. what C 【16~18题答案】 【答案】16. be avoided 17. where 18. to reduce D 【19~20题答案】 【答案】19. have died 20. gases 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A 【21~23题答案】 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. C B 【24~26题答案】 【答案】24. A 25. C 26. B C 【27~30题答案】 【答案】27. C 28. A 29. A 30. D D 【31~34题答案】 【答案】31. A 32. C 33. A 34. D 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 【35~39题答案】 【答案】35. G 36. D 37. F 38. B 39. A 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 【40~43题答案】 【答案】40. The author's government-sponsored scholarship was withdrawn. 41. The seed finally breaks through the ground and the bamboo grows ninety feet tall in five weeks. 42. To overcome difficulties, we need to trust that things will work out and simply wait patiently for the great ending to come. (1)According to the passage, to overcome difficulties, we need to do what we are supposed to be doing rather than simply wait patiently for the great ending to come. (2)To overcome difficulties, we need to trust things will work out, have patience and do what we are supposed to be doing. 43. Sum 2. My life is also full of ups and downs. For example, I was never good at chemistry and failed the mid-exam in senior 1. With patience and determination, I made every effort to turn the tide. It was not a smooth path, but I got an A in the final exam in senior 3. 第二节 写作（20分） 【44题答案】 【答案】Dear Jim, I am sorry to know you are troubled by cellphone overuse. As a heavy cellphone user myself, I totally understand the stress and frustration you are feeling. Fortunately, we can do a few things about it. For instance, we can set certain hours of the day as “cellphone time” and only pick up the phone during those hours. By doing so, we can reduce our screen time. We may also participate in group activities where we meet people face to face and thus don’t need to rely on the phone all the time to contact others. I hope my suggestions can help and I'm sure you will get through this. Let me know if I can help in any way. Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$