Unit 4 课时5 Grammar（分层作业）英语北师大版八年级上册

Unit 4 Role models 课时5 Grammar分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 02能力提升 ( Reflexive pronouns 反身代词 myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 1.反身代词在句中主要作宾语，当句子的主语和宾语是同一个人/物时，通常需要使用反身代词。反身代词也可作表语，多用于强调主语的身份或状态。 2.用于强调主语或宾语。反身代词作同位语时，起强调作用，可删除而不影响句意。 3.介词搭配。 4.固定搭配:某些动词必须搭配反身代词。 Used to的用法 used to + 动词原形 用于表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已经不再如此。强调"过去习惯 vs 现在改变"的对比。 used to do 过去常做（现在不做了） 动词原形 He used to play football. be/get used to doing 习惯或适应某事 名词/动名词（v-ing） I ’m sed to waking up early. be used to do 被用来做某事（被动语态）动词原形 This tool is used to fix cars. Verb + v-ing 的用法 1. 表示喜好或厌恶的动词后接 v- ing。常见动词： like（喜欢）、love（热爱）、dislike（不喜欢）、hate（讨厌）、enjoy（享受）、prefer（更喜欢） 2. 表示开始、结束或持续的动词后接 v-ing。常见动词： start（开始）、begin（开始）、finish（完成）、stop（停止）、continue（继续） 3. 特定含义的动词后必须接 v-ing。常见动词： avoid（避免）、mind（介意）、regret（后悔）、risk（冒险）、spend（花费时间）、suggest（建议） 4. "go + v-ing" 表示活动 常见搭配： go swimming（去游泳）、go shopping（去购物）、go hiking（去徒步） ) 1、 请在表格中填入正确的反身代词。 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 【答案】 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 myself yourself himself, herself, itself 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves 二、用括号里的单词的恰当形式填空。 1.The cat cleaned ______ (it) with its paws. 2.She taught ______ (she) how to swim last summer. 3.We enjoyed ______ (we) at the beach yesterday. 4.He ______ (use) to play video games every day, but now he studies more. 5.They built the model plane all by ______ (they). 6.I am used to ______(wake) up early now. 7.This tool is______ (use) to fix bicycles. 8.Would you mind ______ (open) the window? It’s hot here. 9.She avoids ______ (eat) spicy food because it upsets her stomach. 10.They spent the afternoon ______ (paint) the fence. 11.Let’s go ______ (hike) this weekend! 12.The baby can feed ______ (it) with a spoon now. 13.My brother ______ (not use to) like vegetables, but now he loves them. 14.I suggest ______ (take) a break after an hour of study. 15.The computer turns ______ (it) off automatically at night. 【答案】1.itself 2.herself 3.ourselves 4.used 5.themselves 6. waking 7. used 8.opening 9.eating 10.painting 11.hiking 12.itself 13.didn’t use to 14.taking 15.itself 三、单选题。 （ ）1.Don’t be angry. He wasn’t talking about you. He was talking about ______. A. himself B. yourself C. itself D. themselves （ ）2.Sarah loves ______ to the cinema on weekends. A. go B. going C. to go D. goes （ ）3.My grandfather ______ smoke, but he quit last year. A. is used to B. used to C. gets used to D. uses to （ ）4.Julie made the cake ______ because she wanted to challenge herself. A. by herself B. for herself C. herself D. to herself （ ）5.It started ______ heavily when we left the house. A. rain B. raining C. to rain D. rained （ ）6.This knife ______ cut vegetables. Don’t use it for meat. A. is used to B. used to C. gets used to D. uses to （ ）7.They spent hours ______ the puzzle together. A. solve B. solving C. to solve D. solved （ ）8.Would you mind ______ me your notes? I missed class today. A. lend B. lending C. to lend D. lent （ ）9.We ______ live in the countryside, but now we live in the city. A. are used to B. used to C. get used to D. use to （ ）10.The children organized the party ______. A. themselves B. theirselves C. theyselves D. theirself 【答案】1.A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. B 6.A 7. B 8. B 9. B 10. A 1.【答案】A 反身代词需与主语"he"保持一致，表示"他自己"。故选：A 2.【答案】B 动词"love"后接动名词形式，表示习惯性动作。故选：B 3.【答案】B "used to"表示过去习惯但现已停止的行为。故选：B 4.【答案】A "by herself"表示"独自一人完成"，符合语境。故选：A 5.【答案】B "start"后接动名词表示动作的开始。故选：B 6.【答案】A "be used to"表示"被用来做某事"，是被动语态。故选：A 7.【答案】B "spend time doing"是固定搭配。故选：B 8.【答案】B "mind"后必须接动名词形式。故选：B 9.【答案】B "used to"表示过去与现在的对比。故选：B 10.【答案】A "themselves"是复数反身代词的正确形式。故选：A 四 、完形填空。 A teacher stood in front of his students in class. When class started, he picked up a large empty bottle and 1 it with small stones . He then asked the students if the bottle was 2 . They agreed that it was. The teacher then picked up a box of pebbles (砾石) and poured them into the bottle. He 3 the bottle carefully. The pebbles, of course, rolled into the 4 between the stones. The students were interested and laughed happily. The teacher asked his students 5 if the bottle was full. They said yes. He then picked up a box of sand and poured it into the bottle 6 it was really full. Of course, the sand filled up everything else. “Now,” said the teacher, “I want you to know that this is your life. The stones are the most important things, such as your 7 , family and friends. The pebbles are less 8 things like your jobs, houses and cars. The sand is other small things like cleaning the rooms, cooking and shopping. 9 you choose the right things. If you put the sand or the pebbles into the bottle 10 , there’s no room for the stones.” （ ）1．A．covered B．threw C．filled （ ）2．A．full B．nice C．clean （ ）3．A．broke B．shook C．prepared （ ）4．A．meaning B．experience C．space （ ）5．A．hardly B．maybe C．again （ ）6．A．because B．until C．or （ ）7．A．health B．money C．housework （ ）8．A．similar B．serious C．important （ ）9．A．Bring out B．Make sure C．Turn on （ ）10．A．first B．next C．last 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了老师在课堂上通过石头、砾石和沙子装满瓶子的实验，告诉学生们要正确处理人生中轻重缓急的事情。 1．句意：上课时，他拿起一个大空瓶子，装上小石头。 covered覆盖；threw扔；filled填满。根据“he picked up a large empty bottle (空的瓶子) and…it with small stones”可知，此处指用小石头装满瓶子。故选C。 2．句意：然后他问学生瓶子是否满了。 full满的；nice漂亮的；clean干净的。根据后句“They agreed that it was.”和下文“The teacher asked his students…if the bottle was full.”可知，此处询问瓶子是否装满。故选A。 3．句意：他小心地摇晃着瓶子。 broke打碎；shook摇晃；prepared准备。根据“The pebbles, of course, rolled into the…between the stones.”可知，老师在晃瓶子使砾石填满空隙。故选B。 4．句意：当然，砾石滚入了石头之间的空隙。 meaning意义；experience经历；space空间。根据“rolled into the…between the stones”可知，砾石填入的是大石头之间的“空隙”。故选C。 5．句意：老师又问学生瓶子是否满了。 hardly几乎不；maybe也许；again再一次。根据“The teacher asked his students…if the bottle was full.”可知，前文已问过一次，此处是“再次”。故选C。 6．句意：然后，他拿起一盒沙子，倒进瓶子里，直到瓶子真的满了。 because因为；until直到；or或者。根据“poured it into the bottle…it was really full”可知，此处指直到瓶子被装满。故选B。 7．句意：这些石头是最重要的东西，比如你的健康、家庭和朋友。 health健康；money金钱；housework家务。根据“The stones are the most important things”可知，健康是最重要的东西之一。故选A。 8．句意：砾石是不那么重要的东西，比如你的工作、房子和汽车。 similar相似的；serious严肃的；important重要的。与前文“most important”对比，此处是“less important”，不那么重要的东西。故选C。 9．句意：确保你选择正确的事。 Bring out拿出；Make sure确保；Turn on打开。根据“…you choose the right things”可知，此处强调优先级的必要性。故选B。 10．句意：如果你先把沙子或砾石放进瓶子里，就没有地方放石头了。 first首先；next下一个；last最后。根据“If you put the sand or the pebbles into the bottle…”和常识可知，先放沙子或砾石，就没有地方放石头了。故选A。 五、阅读理解。 When you are feeling unhappy or forget how great you are, these six ways can help make you feel good about yourself. • Look in the mirror and say to yourself, “I am a special person and there is no one in the world like me. I can do anything,” It may not sound so good, but it really works. • Do something nice for someone. Helping others always makes you feel good. • Smile! Be friendly to people you meet. Look for the good things in your friends and family. • Learn something new! Have you always wanted to design your own room or learn how to swim? Go for it! New challenges (挑战) are fun and give you a sense of accomplishment when you have finished! • Start to write a story. Turn off the TV and let your imagination(想象) fly! Write down your thought, dreams or anything you want! It can help to express (表达) your feelings. • Stay with your family. We all need our family time. Talk with your mom or dad or maybe even your cousin. （ ）1．The passage may be from ________. A．a science book B．a magazine C．a story book D．school rules （ ）2．According to this passage, when you are helping others, you will ________. A．be special B．be sure C．feel tired D．feel nice （ ）3．What do the underlined words “a sense of accomplishment” mean in Chinese? A．成就感 B．忧伤感 C．挫折感 D．信任感 （ ）4．Which of the following should you say “NO” to when you are unhappy? A．You should always look for the good things of others. B．Stay alone at home as much as possible. C．Learn something new and go for it! D．Keep a diary to express your feelings. （ ）5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Do Your Best to Make Friends. B．It’s Never Too Late to Learn. C．Six Ways to Feel Good about Yourself. D．Always Smile to Your Life. 【答案与解析】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【分析】本文主要介绍了当你感到不开心或忘记自己有多伟大时，可以帮助你自我感觉良好的六种方法：照镜子，对自己说：“我是一个特别的人”；为某人做点好事；微笑；学习新东西；开始写故事；与家人呆在一起。 1．推理判断题。文中讲述了当你感觉不愉快时或者是忘记自己是个很棒的人时，帮助你自我感觉良好6种方法，故判断应该是本文来自一本杂志，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第3段“Do something nice for someone. Helping others always makes you feel good.”可知，当你帮助别人时，你会感觉很好，故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据第5段第4句“New challenges are fun and give you a sense of accomplishment when you have finished.”可知，当你完成新的挑战时一定会有成就感，“a sense of accomplishment”意思是“成就感”；故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第7段“Stay with your family.”可知，B.“ 尽量一个人呆在家里。”错误；故选B。 5．最佳标题。本中讲述了当你感觉不愉快时或者是忘记自己是个很棒的人时你可以做的6种事情，可知本文最佳标题是《六种自我感觉良好的方法》。故选C。 六、阅读短文，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 lucky   happen   they   away   enough   danger   hurt   find   accident   but About several years ago, one night a bear came into the city of Vancouver in Canada. It 1 some food outside a restaurant and started to eat. The next morning, someone saw it and called the police. Then the police took it to the mountains outside the city. 2 , the bear was safe. But what will 3 in other countries when animals come into cities? In Cape Town in South Africa, baboons (狒狒) come into the city when they don’t have 4 food to eat. They even go into houses to take food 5 ! Baboons are strong animals. They can make people feel afraid. 6 the city is not always safe for baboons either. Sometimes, cars and buses kill baboons by 7 . Now, there are Baboon Monitors (监视器) in Cape Town. Their job is to find baboons in the city and return them to the countryside. In Moscow in Russia, there are thousands of wild dogs. People in Moscow take food and water to feed them. Some people even make small houses for 8 in their gardens. In some cities, you can see birds and squirrels every day. But some animals are 9 . We need to find ways to stop these animals from coming into the city without 10 them. 【答案】 1．found 2．Luckily 3．happen 4．enough 5．away 6．But 7．accident 8．them 9．dangerous 10．hurting 【导语】本文讲述了不同国家动物进入城市的情况及人们的应对措施。 1．句意：它在餐厅外发现了一些食物并开始吃。根据“It…some food outside a restaurant and started to eat.”结合备选词可知，这里指的是熊在餐厅外发现了食物。find“发现”，句子时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填found。 2．句意：幸运的是，这只熊很安全。根据“…the bear was safe.”结合备选词可知，这里表达的是熊最终安全的结果，用副词修饰整个句子。luckily“幸运地”，符合语境。故填Luckily。 3．句意：但是当动物进入城市时，在其他国家会发生什么？根据“But what will…in other countries when animals come into cities?”结合备选词可知，这里询问的是“会发生什么”。happen“发生”，句子是一般将来时，will后用动词原形。故填happen。 4．句意：在南非的开普敦，狒狒在没有足够食物吃的时候会进入城市。根据“…when they don’t have…food to eat.”结合备选词可知，这里指的是“没有足够的食物”。enough“足够的”，修饰名词food。故填enough。 5．句意：它们甚至会进入房屋拿走食物！根据“They even go into houses to take food…!”结合备选词可知，这里指的是“拿走食物”。away“离开”，take away“拿走”，固定搭配。故填away。 6．句意：但是城市对狒狒来说也并不总是安全的。根据“…the city is not always safe for baboons either.”结合备选词可知，这里表示转折关系。but“但是”，符合语境。故填But。 7．句意：有时，汽车和公共汽车会意外杀死狒狒。根据“Sometimes, cars and buses kill baboons by…”结合备选词可知，这里指的是汽车和公共汽车会意外杀死狒狒。accident“事故”，by accident“意外地”。故填accident。 8．句意：有些人甚至在他们的花园里为它们建造小房子。根据“Some people even make small houses for…in their gardens.”结合备选词可知，这里指的是“为它们建造小房子”。they“它们”，宾格形式为them，作宾语。故填them。 9．句意：但有些动物是危险的。根据“But some animals are…”结合备选词可知，有些动物是危险的。danger“危险”，形容词形式为dangerous“危险的”，作表语。故填dangerous。 10．句意：我们需要找到方法阻止这些动物进入城市而不伤害它们。根据“…without…them.”结合备选词可知，这里指的是“不伤害它们”。hurt“伤害”，介词without后用动名词作宾语。故填hurting。 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Role models 课时5 Grammar分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 02能力提升 ( Reflexive pronouns 反身代词 myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 1.反身代词在句中主要作宾语，当句子的主语和宾语是同一个人/物时，通常需要使用反身代词。反身代词也可作表语，多用于强调主语的身份或状态。 2.用于强调主语或宾语。反身代词作同位语时，起强调作用，可删除而不影响句意。 3.介词搭配。 4.固定搭配:某些动词必须搭配反身代词。 Used to的用法 used to + 动词原形 用于表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，但现在已经不再如此。强调"过去习惯 vs 现在改变"的对比。 used to do 过去常做（现在不做了） 动词原形 He used to play football. be/get used to doing 习惯或适应某事 名词/动名词（v-ing） I ’m sed to waking up early. be used to do 被用来做某事（被动语态）动词原形 This tool is used to fix cars. Verb + v-ing 的用法 1. 表示喜好或厌恶的动词后接 v- ing。常见动词： like（喜欢）、love（热爱）、dislike（不喜欢）、hate（讨厌）、enjoy（享受）、prefer（更喜欢） 2. 表示开始、结束或持续的动词后接 v-ing。常见动词： start（开始）、begin（开始）、finish（完成）、stop（停止）、continue（继续） 3. 特定含义的动词后必须接 v-ing。常见动词： avoid（避免）、mind（介意）、regret（后悔）、risk（冒险）、spend（花费时间）、suggest（建议） 4. "go + v-ing" 表示活动 常见搭配： go swimming（去游泳）、go shopping（去购物）、go hiking（去徒步） ) 1、 请在表格中填入正确的反身代词。 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 二、用括号里的单词的恰当形式填空。 1.The cat cleaned ______ (it) with its paws. 2.She taught ______ (she) how to swim last summer. 3.We enjoyed ______ (we) at the beach yesterday. 4.He ______ (use) to play video games every day, but now he studies more. 5.They built the model plane all by ______ (they). 6.I am used to ______(wake) up early now. 7.This tool is______ (use) to fix bicycles. 8.Would you mind ______ (open) the window? It’s hot here. 9.She avoids ______ (eat) spicy food because it upsets her stomach. 10.They spent the afternoon ______ (paint) the fence. 11.Let’s go ______ (hike) this weekend! 12.The baby can feed ______ (it) with a spoon now. 13.My brother ______ (not use to) like vegetables, but now he loves them. 14.I suggest ______ (take) a break after an hour of study. 15.The computer turns ______ (it) off automatically at night. 三、单选题。 （ ）1.Don’t be angry. He wasn’t talking about you. He was talking about ______. A. himself B. yourself C. itself D. themselves （ ）2.Sarah loves ______ to the cinema on weekends. A. go B. going C. to go D. goes （ ）3.My grandfather ______ smoke, but he quit last year. A. is used to B. used to C. gets used to D. uses to （ ）4.Julie made the cake ______ because she wanted to challenge herself. A. by herself B. for herself C. herself D. to herself （ ）5.It started ______ heavily when we left the house. A. rain B. raining C. to rain D. rained （ ）6.This knife ______ cut vegetables. Don’t use it for meat. A. is used to B. used to C. gets used to D. uses to （ ）7.They spent hours ______ the puzzle together. A. solve B. solving C. to solve D. solved （ ）8.Would you mind ______ me your notes? I missed class today. A. lend B. lending C. to lend D. lent （ ）9.We ______ live in the countryside, but now we live in the city. A. are used to B. used to C. get used to D. use to （ ）10.The children organized the party ______. A. themselves B. theirselves C. theyselves D. theirself 四 、完形填空。 A teacher stood in front of his students in class. When class started, he picked up a large empty bottle and 1 it with small stones . He then asked the students if the bottle was 2 . They agreed that it was. The teacher then picked up a box of pebbles (砾石) and poured them into the bottle. He 3 the bottle carefully. The pebbles, of course, rolled into the 4 between the stones. The students were interested and laughed happily. The teacher asked his students 5 if the bottle was full. They said yes. He then picked up a box of sand and poured it into the bottle 6 it was really full. Of course, the sand filled up everything else. “Now,” said the teacher, “I want you to know that this is your life. The stones are the most important things, such as your 7 , family and friends. The pebbles are less 8 things like your jobs, houses and cars. The sand is other small things like cleaning the rooms, cooking and shopping. 9 you choose the right things. If you put the sand or the pebbles into the bottle 10 , there’s no room for the stones.” （ ）1．A．covered B．threw C．filled （ ）2．A．full B．nice C．clean （ ）3．A．broke B．shook C．prepared （ ）4．A．meaning B．experience C．space （ ）5．A．hardly B．maybe C．again （ ）6．A．because B．until C．or （ ）7．A．health B．money C．housework （ ）8．A．similar B．serious C．important （ ）9．A．Bring out B．Make sure C．Turn on （ ）10．A．first B．next C．last 五、阅读理解。 When you are feeling unhappy or forget how great you are, these six ways can help make you feel good about yourself. • Look in the mirror and say to yourself, “I am a special person and there is no one in the world like me. I can do anything,” It may not sound so good, but it really works. • Do something nice for someone. Helping others always makes you feel good. • Smile! Be friendly to people you meet. Look for the good things in your friends and family. • Learn something new! Have you always wanted to design your own room or learn how to swim? Go for it! New challenges (挑战) are fun and give you a sense of accomplishment when you have finished! • Start to write a story. Turn off the TV and let your imagination(想象) fly! Write down your thought, dreams or anything you want! It can help to express (表达) your feelings. • Stay with your family. We all need our family time. Talk with your mom or dad or maybe even your cousin. （ ）1．The passage may be from ________. A．a science book B．a magazine C．a story book D．school rules （ ）2．According to this passage, when you are helping others, you will ________. A．be special B．be sure C．feel tired D．feel nice （ ）3．What do the underlined words “a sense of accomplishment” mean in Chinese? A．成就感 B．忧伤感 C．挫折感 D．信任感 （ ）4．Which of the following should you say “NO” to when you are unhappy? A．You should always look for the good things of others. B．Stay alone at home as much as possible. C．Learn something new and go for it! D．Keep a diary to express your feelings. （ ）5．What is the best title for the passage? A．Do Your Best to Make Friends. B．It’s Never Too Late to Learn. C．Six Ways to Feel Good about Yourself. D．Always Smile to Your Life. 六、阅读短文，用括号内单词的正确形式填空。 lucky   happen   they   away   enough   danger   hurt   find   accident   but About several years ago, one night a bear came into the city of Vancouver in Canada. It 1 some food outside a restaurant and started to eat. The next morning, someone saw it and called the police. Then the police took it to the mountains outside the city. 2 , the bear was safe. But what will 3 in other countries when animals come into cities? In Cape Town in South Africa, baboons (狒狒) come into the city when they don’t have 4 food to eat. They even go into houses to take food 5 ! Baboons are strong animals. They can make people feel afraid. 6 the city is not always safe for baboons either. Sometimes, cars and buses kill baboons by 7 . Now, there are Baboon Monitors (监视器) in Cape Town. Their job is to find baboons in the city and return them to the countryside. In Moscow in Russia, there are thousands of wild dogs. People in Moscow take food and water to feed them. Some people even make small houses for 8 in their gardens. In some cities, you can see birds and squirrels every day. But some animals are 9 . We need to find ways to stop these animals from coming into the city without 10 them. ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $