精品解析：浙江省杭州市上城区杭二东河2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考英语试题

杭州二中2024学年第二学期期中考试 高一年级 英语试题B卷 本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 选择题部分 第一部分听力（共两节, 满分20分） 第一节（共5小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman take with her? A. A sports bag. B. A suitcase. C. A backpack. 2 How does the man feel about his grandmother's moving in? A. Appreciative. B. Surprised. C. Anxious. 3. How far is the last stop sign? A. Two blocks away. B. Three blocks away. C. Five blocks away. 4. Why couldn't the woman hear the man clearly? A. Because the man was eating. B. Because the man was in the shower. C. Because the woman has bad hearing. 5. Where are the speakers? A. In a gas station. B. In a hospital. C. In an interview room. 第二节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话, 回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man's concern about the investment（投资）at first? A. The profit. B. The safety. C. The flexibility. 7. What is the woman going to do? A. Show the man a website. B. Open an account for the man. C. Give the man an instruction book. 听下面一段对话, 回答第8、9题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. In the man's house. B. On a plane. C. At an airport. 9. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Use the fast check-in service. B. Take the blue suitcase on board. C. Let his children go through security first. 听下面一段对话, 回答第10至12题。 10. What is the girl's project topic related to? A. History. B. Foreign language. C. International relations. 11. When will the trip to Paris begin? A. On Friday. B. In five days C. About half a month later. 12. What might help persuade the girl's father to let her go? A. That many other students will be going. B. That almost everything will be fully paid for. C. That the group will visit many interesting places. 听下面一段对话, 回答第13至16题。 13. What are Nicole and Anthony? A. Film critics. B. News reporters. C. Radio hosts. 14. What is the speakers' opinion on the new James Bond actor? A. He was a good fit but not the best. B. He was a typical James Bond actor. C. He made the character unbelievable. 15. What does Nicole Think was good about the movie? A. The music. B. The story. C. The special effects. 16. What rating does Anthony give the movie? A. Two stars. B. Four stars. C. Five stars. 听下面一段独白, 回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Which statement do most people agree with? A. People may eat less deer meat. B. Hunting is likely to decrease worldwide. C. The endangered animals shouldn't be hunted. 18. Why are there so many white-tailed deer in the United States? A. It is illegal to hunt them. B. No other species hunt them for food. C. They adapt to their natural environment. 19. Why do hunters argue for shooting more white-tailed deer? A. Deer meat tastes delicious. B. The deer damage more farm crops. C. The deer population threatens human safety. 20. Which of the following is believed by animal rights groups? A. Few deer-related accidents are caused by hunters. B. Animals can live in their habitat without worries. C. It is cruel to accept eating farm animals. 第二部分阅读（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A HSK TEST and HSKK TEST are both the internationally standardized tests that focus on the ability of candidates whose Chinese is not their first language. According to China’s Ministry of Education, any foreign students to be enrolled in Chinese university should at least hold an HSK Level 4 certificate. Learners who want to apply for the Confucius Institute Scholarships should take the score reports of both HSK and HSKK. As a proof of the Chinese language ability of foreign students entering Chinese colleges and universities, both HSK and HSKK scores are valid for two years. HSK TEST Test levels include HSK (Level 1), HSK (Level 2), HSK (Level 3), HSK (Level 4), HSK (Level 5) and HSK (Level 6). Exam Object: HSK (Level 4) is mainly for candidates who have learned Chinese for four semesters (two academic years) with a schedule of 2-4 class hours per week and mastered 1,200 commonly used words. HSKK TEST HSKK Test is designed to test the ability to express oneself orally in Chinese and includes the HSKK (Elementary), HSKK (Intermediate) and HSKK (Advanced). Exam Object: HSKK (Intermediate) is mainly for candidates who have learned Chinese for one to two academic years at a schedule of 2-3 class hours per week and master about 900 of the most commonly used words. 1. What is required for a foreigner to get into a Chinese college? A. To pass Level 4 of HSK. B. To score above average in HSKK. C. To speak Chinese as their mother tongue. D. To take part in Chinese Test Summer Camp. 2. How many levels does HSKK Test include? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. 3. Where can we most probably see this article? A. In Chinese art galleries. B. On inter-city subways. C. In primary school textbooks. D. On overseas study websites. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了HSK考试和HSKK考试这两项针对非母语者的国际标准化中文测试，包括其适用场景、考试等级及相关要求等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“According to China’s Ministry of Education, any foreign students to be enrolled in Chinese university should at least hold an HSK Level 4 certificate. (根据中国教育部规定，外国学生要进入中国大学就读，至少需持有HSK四级证书)”可知，外国人进入中国大学需要通过HSK四级考试。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据HSKK TEST部分中的“HSKK Test is designed to test the ability to express oneself orally in Chinese and includes the HSKK (Elementary), HSKK (Intermediate) and HSKK (Advanced). (HSKK考试旨在测试用汉语口头表达自己的能力，包括HSKK（初级），HSKK（中级）和HSKK（高级）)”可知，HSKK Test包含三级。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“HSK TEST and HSKK TEST are both the internationally standardized tests that focus on the ability of candidates whose Chinese is not their first language. (HSK考试和HSKK考试均为国际标准化测试，主要针对母语非汉语者的汉语能力进行考查)”并结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了HSK和HSKK这两项与外国学生来华留学、申请孔子学院奖学金等相关的中文测试，内容与海外学生赴华学习紧密相关，因此，最可能在留学相关的网站上看到这篇文章，D项“在海外留学网站上”，符合语境。故选D项。 B When Holly Ford walked past a long-disused phone box in her home village of Cladich in 2017, an idea began to form, which combined her love of baking with a new use for the box ignored by almost everyone. Holly got permission from the community council to use the call box. “Nobody told us it wouldn’t work, but we did get a few locals who thought people would just help themselves to cakes without paying.” These concerns proved to be wholly unfounded. The honesty box, which is located next to the bread, cookies, lemon drizzle cakes, jams, eggs and candles, has always been used correctly by customers, claims Holly, with the box remaining entirely unstaffed. “It’s a surprisingly busy road for traffic in the summer,” Holly remarks, “and we do get quite a few notes that people leave for us saying how much they like the idea.” Only open during the summer months, Holly has turned the box into layers of shelves for her cakes and other local produce. Able to make close to £100 a day in peak summer months, she also runs regular charity bakes in the community. “I’m not sure the honesty box approach would work in a more urban area,” she tells me. “but for where we live it’s surprisingly easy to make something like this happen. It’s really important to put in the work on social media and to keep your self-belief in the idea.” Holly is able to judge which cakes most tickle the taste of passing travelers with a sweet tooth. “The brownies are the most popular, always.” she tells me, “I do like expanding the range. The only thing is that I can’t get them to rise at the moment! Maybe next summer they’ll be in the box!” 4. Why is the box beside the cakes called “the honesty box” A. Because Holly is an honest and reliable cake maker. B. Because customers use it properly with no salesman. C. Because the cakes and local produce are safe to buy and eat. D. Because Holly has gained official permission for her business. 5. Which word best describes customers’ attitude towards(Holly’s call box) A. Doubtful. B. Objective C. Tolerant. D. Favourable. 6. What does the underlined word “tickle” mean in the last paragraph? A. Satisfy. B. Affect. C. Develop. D. Change. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Way to Expand Business B. A Profitable Summer Dealing C. A New Life of a Phone Box D. A Reliable Call Box Cake Maker 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是Holly Ford将一个废弃已久的电话亭变为出售她的蛋糕和其他当地农产品的地方的事情。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Holly got permission from the community council to use the call box. “Nobody told us it wouldn’t work, but we did get a few locals who thought people would just help themselves to cakes without paying.”(Holly获得了社区委员会的许可，可以使用这个电话亭。“没人告诉我们这个想法不会成功，但我们确实遇到了一些当地人，他们认为人们会不花钱就直接拿走蛋糕。”)”和第三段“The honesty box, which is located next to the bread, cookies, lemon drizzle cakes, jams, eggs and candles, has always been used correctly by customers, claims Holly, with the box remaining entirely unstaffed.(Holly声称，这个诚信电话亭位于面包、饼干、柠檬蛋糕、果酱、鸡蛋和蜡烛旁边，顾客一直正确使用，电话亭里完全没有人)”可知，蛋糕旁边的电话亭叫“诚信电话亭”是因为顾客在没有销售员的情况下也能正确使用它（顾客能自律付款，无售货员监督）。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段““It’s a surprisingly busy road for traffic in the summer,” Holly remarks, “and we do get quite a few notes that people leave for us saying how much they like the idea.”(“这条道路在夏季的交通流量出乎意料地大，”Holly说道，“而且我们确实收到不少留言，人们在上面写道他们非常喜欢这个想法。”)”可知，顾客对Holly电话亭的态度是赞成的。故选D。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Holly is able to judge which cakes most tickle the taste of passing travelers with a sweet tooth.(Holly能够判断出哪种蛋糕最能让爱吃甜食的过路旅行者tickle)”和“The brownies are the most popular, always.(布朗尼蛋糕总是最受欢迎的)”可知，Holly判断出什么蛋糕最受人欢迎，也就是最能满足过路旅客的口味，因此划线词tickle的意思是“满足”，和Satisfy意思相近。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“When Holly Ford walked past a long-disused phone box in her home village of Cladich in 2017, an idea began to form, which combined her love of baking with a new use for the box ignored by almost everyone.(2017年，Holly Ford在她家乡克拉迪奇村路过一个废弃已久的电话亭时，一个想法开始在她心中形成。这个想法将她对烘焙的热爱与这个几乎无人注意的电话亭的新用途结合在了一起)”结合本文主要讲的是Holly Ford将一个废弃已久的电话亭变为出售她的蛋糕和其他当地农产品的地方的事情，也就是一个废弃已久的电话亭获得了新生，C选项“电话亭的新生”可作为最好的题目。故选C。 C As ice sheets melted, they often left behind landscapes that typically take many years to become habitable for plants and wildlife. However, recent research has discovered that in just three years, these poor areas can be brought back to life by South American camelids (美洲鸵). By the foot of Peru’s Uruashraju glacier (冰川), researchers partnered with local farmers to herd (放牧) camelids on four areas. For three days a month from 2019 to 2022, the camelids grazed (吃草) the areas. By the end of that time, the otherwise dry and easily destroyed soil had become more stable, richer in nutrients (营养) and supported 57 percent more plant cover than before. This traditional South American way of camelids herding could potentially protect crops, animals and local communities from the impacts of climate change. As is the case worldwide, glaciers are disappearing in Peru’s Cordillera Blanca mountains at an astonishing rate. And as the ice melts, nearby ecosystems lose access to summertime supplies of freshwater and sometimes face harmful acidic (酸性的) minerals in rocks once covered by the glaciers. Camelids may help ease some of these effects. Their transformation of the land could reduce rock weathering, thus limiting the acidic runoff that can damage farmers’ crops. The idea that grass-eating animals grazing may positively impact a landscape is not new. Nor is rewilding — the push to reintroduce key species to their native ecosystems — unique to the Cordillera Blanca mountains. In Finland, for example, local Sami are working to reintroduce reindeer in areas where trees have been cut down. And a group in Spain hopes one day to lift the wild cattle known as the auroch out of extinction, putting it to use in grazing. But the size and speed of the changes the camelids helped bring about surprised the researchers. “Putting nutrients over the soil can produce similar effects on plant growth,” says ecologist Kelsey Reider of James Madison University, but “the animals themselves are doing a lot”. For one, animal waste is special. For another, the camelids weed out dominant plants, making space for new species. 8. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Results of camelids herding. B. Impacts of climate change. C. Reasons for the research. D. Partnership with local farmers. 9. What might be a consequence of glaciers melting? A. Increased acidic runoff. B. Reduced rock weathering. C. Decline in summer rainfall D. Shortage of mineral resources. 10. Why are the underlined “reindeer” and “auroch?” mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To clarify a potential problem. B. To explain a natural phenomenon. C. To compare different rewilding projects. D. To support a conservation effort. 11. What is Kelsey Reider’s attitude towards camelids herding? A. Disapproving. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Supportive. 【答案】8. A 9. A 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了南美驼类如何快速恢复冰川退缩后的土地，帮助当地社区应对气候变化。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“By the foot of Peru’s Uruashraju glacier (冰川), researchers partnered with local farmers to herd (放牧) camelids on four areas. For three days a month from 2019 to 2022, the camelids grazed (吃草) the areas. By the end of that time, the otherwise dry and easily destroyed soil had become more stable, richer in nutrients (营养) and supported 57 percent more plant cover than before. This traditional South American way of camelids herding could potentially protect crops, animals and local communities from the impacts of climate change.(在秘鲁乌鲁阿什拉尤冰川脚下，研究人员与当地农民合作，在四个区域放牧骆驼类动物。从2019年到2022年的每个月里，有三天的时间骆驼类动物会在这些区域觅食。在那段时间结束时，原本干燥且容易被破坏的土壤变得更加稳定，养分也更加丰富，植被覆盖度比之前增加了57%。这种传统的南美骆驼类放牧方式有可能保护农作物、牲畜和当地社区免受气候变化的影响)”可知，本段主要描述了美洲鸵放牧后土地的变化结果。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“And as the ice melts, nearby ecosystems lose access to summertime supplies of freshwater and sometimes face harmful acidic (酸性的) minerals in rocks once covered by the glaciers. Camelids may help ease some of these effects. Their transformation of the land could reduce rock weathering, thus limiting the acidic runoff that can damage farmers’ crops.(随着冰川融化，附近的生态系统失去了夏季获取淡水的途径，有时还会面临曾经被冰川覆盖的岩石中出现的有害酸性矿物质的困扰。骆驼类动物或许能够缓解一些这些影响。它们对土地的改造可以减少岩石的风化过程，从而限制可能导致农民庄稼受损的酸性径流)”可知，冰川融化可能导致酸性径流增加。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The idea that grass-eating animals grazing may positively impact a landscape is not new. Nor is rewilding — the push to reintroduce key species to their native ecosystems — unique to the Cordillera Blanca mountains. In Finland, for example, local Sami are working to reintroduce reindeer in areas where trees have been cut down. And a group in Spain hopes one day to lift the wild cattle known as the auroch out of extinction, putting it to use in grazing.(草食动物放牧能够对自然景观产生积极影响这一观点并非新鲜事。重新引入关键物种以恢复其在原生生态系统中的地位这一做法也并非仅限于科尔迪拉·布兰卡山脉。例如，在芬兰，当地的萨米人正努力在树木被砍伐的地区重新引入驯鹿。而在西班牙，有一个团体希望有一天能让被称为“欧洲野牛”的野生牛种摆脱灭绝的命运，并将其用于放牧)”可知，这两个例子被用来证明重新引入关键物种到它们原生的生态系统的做法不仅限于科迪勒拉布兰卡山脉，在全球其他地区也在实施，具有全球普遍性，因此，提到二者是为了支持一项保护工作。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Putting nutrients over the soil can produce similar effects on plant growth,” says ecologist Kelsey Reider of James Madison University, but “the animals themselves are doing a lot”. For one, animal waste is special. For another, the camelids weed out dominant plants, making space for new species.(詹姆斯·麦迪逊大学的生态学家凯尔西·里德表示：“在土壤上施加养分也能对植物生长产生类似的效果。”但“动物自身也发挥了重要作用”。首先，动物粪便具有特殊意义。其次，骆驼科动物能够淘汰优势植物，为新物种腾出空间)”可知，Kelsey Reider认为动物本身对土地的改善作用很大，因此她对美洲鸵放牧持积极态度。故选D。 D Jason, a straight-A student from the University of Pennsylvania, uses the term “pseudo-working” to describe how many of us study. The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working hard — he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night — but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually accomplish much. This phenomenon can be seen in most colleges. For example, at Dartmouth there was a section of the main library that was open twenty-four hours a day and the students I used to see in there late at night crowded in groups, drinking coffee, were definitely pseudo-working. By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently to accomplish the task at hand. In the end they get half the results with twice the effort. The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working. To them pseudo-working is work — it’s how they’ve always done it, and it’s how all of their friends do it. It never crosses their mind that there might be a better way. Straight-A students, on the other hand, know all about pseudo-working. They fear it, and for good reason it not only wastes time, but it’s also mentally tiring. In fact, the most important skill in becoming a better student is the ability to get work done quickly and with a minimum of wasted effort. Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material learned per time unit. So how can students manage to study efficiently? One key factor is captured in the following simple formula: work accomplished = time spent×intensity of focus. Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to accomplish something by pseudo-working, you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach, on the other hand, maximizes intensity in order to minimize time. 12. Which of the following phenomenon is an example of pseudo-working? A. Tom is busy taking notes while attending a lecture. B. Alice and Sara are sitting on the sofa reading their favorite books. C. Mike is sitting in the study room in preparation for a final exam quietly. D. Jack spends a long time in the library on his essay while listening to music. 13. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 and 4? A. Straight-A students believe some tasks are worth twice the effort. B. Too much thinking may weaken the brain’s ability of the students. C. Negative effects of pseudo-working are not fully realized by many students. D. Students will get good grades once they realize that pseudo-working is ineffective. 14. What does the underlined word “optimal’ mean in paragraph 5? A. Longest. B. Best. C. Least. D. Effective. 15. Why does the author mention the formula in the text? A. To show the benefit of working hard. B. To prove the necessity of accomplishing work. C. To emphasize the importance of concentration. D. To explain the reason for spending much time. 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍“伪学习”现象的表现、危害及高效学习的方法。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working hard — he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night — but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually accomplish much.(伪学习者看起来和感觉上都像是在努力学习的人——他或她在图书馆花很长时间，不怕熬夜到很晚——但由于缺乏专注和集中，他或她实际上并没有完成多少事情。)”可知，伪学习的特点是花费大量时间但注意力不集中，收效甚微。杰克在图书馆花很长时间写论文却听着音乐，符合这一特征。故选D项。 13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently to accomplish the task at hand.(这些学生把自己置于容易分心的环境中，坚持长时间学习，这损害了他们清晰高效地思考以完成手头任务的能力。)”以及第四段中的“The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working.(更大的问题是，大多数学生甚至没有意识到自己在伪学习。)”可知，伪学习有负面影响，但很多学生并未完全意识到。故选C项。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material learned per time unit.(一些认知科学研究得出结论，大约50分钟是optimal学习时间，以最大限度地提高每单位时间所学的材料。)”可知，对于学习来说，提高效率非常重要，为了效率的最大化，50分钟的时间应该是“最适合的”或者“最佳的”，所以，“optimal”的意思与Best意义相近。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“One key factor is captured in the following simple formula: work accomplished = time spent×intensity of focus. Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to accomplish something by pseudo-working, you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach, on the other hand, maximizes intensity in order to minimize time.(以下简单公式体现了一个关键因素：完成的工作量=花费的时间×专注强度。伪学习的特点是专注强度很低。因此，通过伪学习来完成某件事，你需要花费大量时间。另一方面，优等生的方法是最大限度地提高专注强度，以最小化时间。)”可知，作者提到这个公式是为了强调专注的重要性，专注强度高才能在更少时间内完成更多工作。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分） 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A robot is chatting to an elderly British man in his bedroom. ____16____ . Perhaps because of the man’s age, the robot starts asking him about his memories of the Second World War. The elderly man goes on to tell how his father was in the army, and he hasn’t seen him for years. ____17____. The behavior is the product of the Caresses project which aims to design robots that can take into account the cultural background of the person they’re talking to. The man is British, so the robot thinks he will be interested in such a topic, regardless of the man’s personal feelings. Cultural robotics is part of a wider movement to make robotics more culturally inclusive. ____18____ For example, because the Internet is mainly in English, large language models are primarily trained on English text — with the cultural biases (偏见) existing. Similarly, the move to make robots more culturally sensitive means well, but people are worried about where it could lead, considering the diverse cultural preferences across different social groups. Humans from different cultures react differently to robots. For example, different cultures have different expectations around personal space, and this affects how far they prefer robots to stand from them. ____19____ People are more able to understand a robot if it uses the facial expressions they are familiar with. Culture is a complex concept, open to various explanations. ____20____ . To avoid designing robots based on stereotypes (刻板印象), we will need to be more thoughtful. A. It has a pleasantly bright voice. B. Does this topic really hold a person’s interest C. However, concerns about this have been raised. D. This practice is widely recognized across cultures. E. Therefore, a one-size-fits-all approach is impractical. F. Why does a robot mention a topic that may cause pain? G. Different cultures interpret facial expressions differently too. 【答案】16. A 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕文化机器人技术展开，介绍了其相关项目，阐述了使人工智能和机器人技术更具文化包容性这一趋势以及面临的问题，如文化的多样性导致不同文化背景的人对机器人的反应不同，还指出需要更周全的视角来避免基于刻板印象设计机器人。 【16题详解】 根据空前的“A robot is chatting to an elderly British man in his bedroom.(一个机器人正在一位英国老人的卧室里和他聊天。)”可知，此处描述机器人在与一位英国老人聊天，由此可知，此空应描述机器人的相关特征，A选项“It has a pleasantly bright voice. (它有着悦耳明亮的声音。)”进一步介绍了机器人的特点，使描述更具体，符合语境。故选A项。 【17题详解】 根据空后的“The behavior is the product of the Caresses project which aims to design robots that can take into account the cultural background of the person they’re talking to. The man is British, so the robot thinks he will be interested in such a topic, regardless of the man’s personal feelings. (这种行为是Caresses项目的产物。该项目属于文化机器人学的新领域，旨在设计出能够考虑到对话者文化背景的机器人。这个人是英国人，所以机器人认为他会对这样的话题感兴趣，而忽略了这个人的个人感受)”可知，此处解释这是Caresses项目的设定，机器人忽略了老人的个人感受，由此可推测，空处应提出对机器人忽略个人感受这一行为的疑问，F选项“Why does a robot mention a topic that may cause pain? (为什么机器人会提到一个可能带来痛苦的话题？)”以疑问的形式引出对机器人提问意图的探讨，与下文“项目旨在考虑文化背景”形成因果关系，符合语境。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据空前的“Cultural robotics is part of a wider movement to make robotics more culturally inclusive.(文化机器人学是使机器人学更具文化包容性的更广泛运动的一部分。)”以及空后的“Similarly, the move to make robots more culturally sensitive means well, but people are worried about where it could lead, considering the diverse cultural preferences across different social groups. (同样地，让机器人更具文化敏感性的举措初衷是好的，但考虑到不同社会群体存在多样化的文化偏好，人们担心这一举措可能会带来何种结果。)”可知，此处应体现人们对文化机器人学存在担忧，C选项“However, concerns about this have been raised. (然而，对此的担忧已经出现。)”与前文形成转折，引出下文人们的担忧，符合语境。故选C项。 【19题详解】 根据空前的“For example, different cultures have different expectations around personal space, and this affects how far they prefer robots to stand from them.(例如，不同的文化对个人空间有不同的期望，这会影响他们希望机器人与自己保持的距离。)”以及空后的“People are more able to understand a robot if it uses the facial expressions they are familiar with.(如果机器人使用人们熟悉的面部表情，人们更容易理解它。)”可知，空前提到了不同文化背景的人对机器人的反应不同，空后提到了机器人使用人们熟悉的面部表情进行交流，所以，空处应承上启下，说明不同文化对机器人面部表情的反应也不同，G选项“Different cultures interpret facial expressions differently too. (不同的文化对面部表情的解读也不同。)”与前后文都围绕不同文化的差异展开，补充另一个文化差异的维度，与下文“熟悉的表情更易理解”直接相关，符合语境。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据空前的“Culture is a complex concept, open to various explanations.(文化是一个复杂的概念，可以有多种解释。)”可知，此处应说明由于文化的复杂性，通用的方法并不适用，E选项“Therefore, a one-size-fits-all approach is impractical. (因此，一刀切的方法是不切实际的。)”与空前为因果关系，是前文文化复杂性得出的结论。故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用（共四节, 满分 50 分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 It was 6 p. m. on Chinese New Year’s Eve. I was working as a tour guide and was on my way to ____21____ a group for a night tour around Kuala Lumpur. As I drove along the road, a small car flew across the road from the ____22____ direction and crashed into my car head-on. I passed out. In the hospital, I saw my crushed feet hanging from my body, blue and ____23____ , and I begged the doctors to save them at all costs. They calmly promised to do their best. Days after that, I was informed that I lost the job. My heart ____24____ . I felt utter helplessness, but a lot of unexpected ____25____ came my way. I had many visitors during my 14 days in hospital and when I was ____26____ at home. Friends and relatives helped me with my financial stuff or simply came to cheer me up. But I was only 30, and wanted to see the world. When the casts (石膏) were removed, I did not let the sight of my weak legs ____27____ me. I worked hard at my physiotherapy (理疗) with only one ____28____ : I must walk again. After the five-month therapy, I was back ____29____ my feet. By February the following year, I had started globetrotting (周游世界) again. The accident made me realize how lives can ____30____ in a split second. In my foggy state of mind, I recalled how motorcyclists wrapped their jackets around their ____31____ and moved away my broken side window to save me. I also recall the Chinese family who ____32____ taboo (禁忌) and drove me to the hospital ____33____ my bloodied condition on Chinese New Year. The kindness I’ve experienced taught me never to give up ____34____ on anyone or in any situation. I ____35____ life more, not only my own but also everyone I know, and will always try to help when I know of someone in trouble. 21. A. find out B. search for C. pick up D. attend to 22. A. opposite B. same C. wrong D. right 23. A. lifeless B. jumping C. hopeless D. flying 24. A. stopped B. sank C. jumped D. ached 25. A. results B. disasters C. blessings D. promises 26. A. recovering B. working C. testing D. complaining 27. A. puzzle B. surprise C. discourage D. fail 28. A. aim B. seat C. excuse D. car 29. A. with B. on C. in D. down 30. A. improve B. change C. worsen D. end 31. A. toes B. arms C. heads D. faces 32. A. accepted B. created C. followed D. abandoned 33. A. in spite of B. in addition to C. in memory of D. in contrast to 34. A. doubt B. power C. hope D. desire 35. A. choose B. spare C. save D. value 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在除夕夜遭遇车祸，失去工作，双脚受伤，但在亲朋好友帮助下，经过努力理疗重新站起并再次周游世界，这次经历让作者体会到生命的无常和人间的善意，从而更加珍惜生命。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我当时是一名导游，正在去接一个旅行团进行吉隆坡夜游的路上。A. find out查明；B. search for寻找；C. pick up接载；D. attend to处理，照料。根据 前文“I was working as a tour guide”及后文“a group for a night tour”可知，作者作为导游要去接旅行团。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我开车在路上时，一辆小汽车从相反的方向飞驰过马路，与我的车正面相撞。A. opposite相反的；B. same相同的；C. wrong错误的；D. right正确的，右边的。根据后文“crashed into my car head-on”可知，是从相反方向冲过来的车与作者的车正面相撞。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在医院里，我看到我被压伤的脚耷拉在身体上，青紫而毫无生气，于是我哀求医生无论如何都要保住它们。A. lifeless无生命的，无生气的；B. jumping跳动的；C. hopeless绝望的；D. flying飞着的。根据前文“my crushed feet”及“blue”可知，此处指脚被压伤且发青，看起来毫无生气。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心一沉。A. stopped停止；B. sank下沉；C. jumped跳跃；D. ached疼痛。根据前文“Days after that, I was informed that I lost the job.”可知，听到失去工作的消息，作者心情沉重，one’s heart sinks表示“心情沉重，情绪低落”。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感到极度无助，但很多意想不到的好事降临到我身上。A. results结果；B. disasters灾难；C. blessings好事，福气；D. promises承诺。根据后文“Friends and relatives helped me with my financial stuff or simply came to cheer me up.”可知，朋友和亲戚来帮忙，这是意想不到的好事。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我住院14天期间以及在家康复时，有很多人来看望我。A. recovering康复；B. working工作；C. testing测试；D. complaining抱怨。根据后文“at home”可知，作者受伤住院，出院后在家应该是康复。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当石膏拆除后，我没有让自己看到虚弱双腿的景象使自己气馁。A. puzzle使困惑；B. surprise使惊讶；C. discourage使气馁；D. fail失败。根据后文“I worked hard at my physiotherapy (理疗)”可知，作者并没有因为自己的双腿而气馁。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我努力进行物理治疗，只有一个目标：我必须再次行走。A. aim目标；B. seat座位；C. excuse借口；D. car汽车。根据后文“I must walk again”可知，这是作者进行理疗的目标。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：经过五个月的治疗，我又能站起来了。A. with和；B. on在……上；C. in在……里；D. down往下。根据后文“By February the following year, I had started globetrotting (周游世界) again.”可知，作者经过治疗重新站起来了。be back on one’s feet 是固定短语，意为“恢复健康，重新站立起来”。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次事故让我意识到生命在一瞬间会发生多大的变化。A. improve改善；B. change改变；C. worsen恶化；D. end结束。根据前文“The accident made me realize”可知，作者经历车祸，生活发生巨大改变，所以意识到生命瞬间会改变。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我神志不清的状态下，我记得摩托车手们是如何用他们的夹克裹住他们的手臂，移开我破碎的侧窗来救我的。A. toes脚趾；B. arms手臂；C. heads头；D. faces脸。根据常识，用夹克裹住手臂去移开破碎的窗户救人才合理。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我还记得那个中国家庭，在中国新年那天，尽管我浑身是血，他们还是打破了禁忌，开车送我去了医院。A. accepted接受；B. created创造；C. followed跟随；D. abandoned放弃，（不顾责任、义务等）抛弃。根据后文“taboo”及“drove me to the hospital”可知，这个家庭打破了新年的禁忌送作者去医院。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我还记得那个中国家庭，在中国新年那天，尽管我浑身是血，他们还是打破了禁忌，开车送我去了医院。A. in spite of尽管；B. in addition to除……之外；C. in memory of为了纪念；D. in contrast to与……形成对比。根据后文“my bloodied condition”及前文“drove me to the hospital”可知，尽管作者浑身是血，他们还是送作者去了医院。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我所经历的善意教会我永远不要对任何人或在任何情况下放弃希望。A. doubt怀疑；B. power力量；C. hope希望；D. desire欲望。根据前文“The kindness I’ve experienced”可知，作者得到他人帮助，所以学到不放弃希望。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我更加珍惜生命，不仅是我自己的，还有我认识的每一个人的生命，并且当我知道有人遇到麻烦时，我会一直尽力帮助。A. choose选择；B. spare抽出；C. save拯救；D. value珍惜。根据后文“not only my own but also everyone I know, and will always try to help when I know of someone in trouble.”可知，这次经历让作者更加珍惜生命。故选D。 非选择题部分 注意: 将答案写在答题纸上。写在本试卷上无效。 第二节语法填空（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式)。 Chinese researchers have introduced technological methods based on a six-year-long program to address the issue of high humidity (湿度) in site museums. The program was carried ___36___ at the Dadiwan Site, dating around 8,000 to 4,800 years ago, in Qin’an County, Gansu Province. The F901 site, having ___37___ history of over 5,000 years, stands as the most complicated housing structure from China’s prehistoric times. The museum on the site ___38___ (finish) in 2011 and was then made ___39___ (access) to the public. Its purpose is to ___40___ (accurate) recreate the natural state of the ancient community. ___41___ (avoid) any direct interaction with visitors, the museum separated the spot by constructing glass curtain walls. However, this action resulted in a continuous rise in humidity within the site, ___42___ in turn caused the spread of microbial (微生物的) diseases. The researchers believe that the glass curtain wall could ___43___ (less) the dependence of indoor humidity changes on outdoor weather changes, but generated unexpected consequences, ___44___ (lead) to increased humidity in the museum space. The strategic placement of windows and fans proved effective in enhancing inner airflow. The study offers valuable ____45____ (guide) about the preservation of similar cultural relics. 【答案】36. out 37. a 38. was finished 39. accessible 40. accurately 41. To avoid 42. which 43. lessen 44. leading 45. guidance 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国研究者针对遗址博物馆高湿度问题，基于六年项目提出技术方法，以大地湾遗址为例说明问题及解决措施，为同类文物保护提供指导。 【36题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：该研究是在甘肃省秦安县的大地湾遗址进行的，该遗址约建于公元前6000年至前2800年左右年之间。短语carry out表示“实施”。故填out。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：F901遗址有着超过5000年的历史，是中华史前时期最为复杂的居住建筑。短语have a history of表示“有……历史”。故填a。 【38题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：该遗址上的博物馆于2011年竣工，并随后向公众开放。主语museum与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in 2011可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was finished。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：该遗址上的博物馆于2011年竣工，并随后向公众开放。此处作补足语，表示“可进入的”用形容词accessible。故填accessible。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：其目的是准确地重现那个古代社区的原始状态。修饰动词recreate用副词accurately。故填accurately。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：为避免与参观者有直接接触，该博物馆通过建造玻璃幕墙将该区域隔开。此处avoid作目的状语，用不定式，首字母大写。故填To avoid。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而，这一行为导致了现场湿度的持续上升，而这种湿度的增加又引发了微生物疾病的传播。此处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前文“a continuous rise in humidity”，在从句中作主语，故填which。 【43题详解】 考查动词。句意：研究人员认为，这种玻璃幕墙能够减少室内湿度变化对室外天气变化的依赖，但却产生了意想不到的后果，导致博物馆内部的湿度反而增加了。作谓语用动词lessen，且could后跟动词原形。故填lessen。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：研究人员认为，这种玻璃幕墙能够减少室内湿度变化对室外天气变化的依赖，但却产生了意想不到的后果，导致博物馆内部的湿度反而增加了。空处应用非谓语动词，表示上文所述时间产生的自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语，故填leading。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：这项研究为类似文物的保护工作提供了宝贵的指导。作动词的宾语，用名词guidance。故填guidance。 第三节 单词拼写（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 根据首字母提示, 写出各单词的正确形式。注意: 答题卷上写完整单词, 否则不得分。 46. Paper cutting, which b________ to traditional art in China, has a history of more than 1, 500 years. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】belongs##elongs 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：剪纸属于中国传统艺术，已有1500多年的历史。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，空处应填动词belong“属于”，belong to“属于”为固定短语，分析句子结构可知，此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，空处在句中作谓语，陈述事实情况，应用一般现在时，主语which指代先行词Paper cutting，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填belongs。 47. I believe that everyone has a t________ for something, one way or another. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】talent##alent 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：我相信每个人在某方面都有天赋，不管以哪种方式。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填名词talent“天赋”，作宾语，由不定冠词a可知用单数形式，have a talent for“对……有天赋”。故填talent。 48. Baoshi Hill, l________ on the northern shore of West Lake Scenic Area, is a top viewing destination. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】located##ocated 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：宝石山位于西湖风景区北岸，是顶级的观景胜地。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填动词locate，表示“坐落于”，空处在句中作非谓语，且locate和逻辑主语Baoshi Hill之间是被动关系，故用形容词化的过去分词located作后置定语。故填located。 49. It has been p________ that active people tend to stay healthier both mentally and physically. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】proven##roven 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：事实证明，积极活跃的人往往在心理和生理上都更健康。根据首字母“p”及语境可知，此处应为动词prove，意为“证明”；分析句子结构可知，此处为过去分词与has been构成现在完成时的被动语态，prove的过去分词为proven。故填proven。 50. Her heart was beating with excitement when the host a________ that she won the prize. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】announced##nnounced 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当主持人宣布她获奖时，她激动得心跳加速。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，空处应填动词announce，表示“宣布”，在从句中作谓语，结合主句时态可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填announced。 51. The thought broke her down, and she wandered away, with tears r________ down her cheeks. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】rolling##olling 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个想法使她崩溃了，她走开了，泪水顺着脸颊流下来。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填动词roll“滚动，滚落”，此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”，tears与roll之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作宾补。故填rolling。 52. Small though the village is, it is c________ with tourists who come here all year round. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】crowded##rowded 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个村子虽然小，但全年都挤满了来这里的游客。根据句意和首字母提示可知，空处应填形容词crowded“拥挤的”，构成固定搭配be crowded with，意为“挤满……”。故填crowded。 53. As spring is a________, the flowers in the garden are coming to life overnight. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】approaching##pproaching 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：随着春天的到来，花园里的花儿一夜之间都苏醒过来了。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，空处应填动词approach“临近，靠近”，句子描述现在正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，已有be动词is，空处需填现在分词approaching。故填approaching。 54. We will put on a chorus p________ in the Langu Theatre at the end of this month. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】performance##erformance 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：本月底我们将在兰谷剧院上演一场合唱表演。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，空处应填名词performance“表演”，为可数名词，由空前不定冠词a可知，应用单数形式，作宾语。故填performance。 55. She breathed a sigh of r________ when she found her son was safe. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】relief##elief 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：当她发现儿子平安无事时，她松了一口气。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，空处应填名词relief，表示“宽慰，轻松”，为不可数名词，作介词of的宾语。故填relief。 第四节 课文填空（共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分） 课文填空。 They use the same flag, ____56____ the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. For example, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland all have different education system and ____57____ . The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history, ____58____ can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be ____59____ by evidence of four different groups of people who ____60____ at different times throughout history. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more ____61____ . The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient ____62____ that has a history dating ____63____ back to Roman times. The UK is a fascinating ____64____ of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you ____65____ you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present. 【答案】56. known as 57. legal systems 58 which 59. surrounded 60. took over 61. enjoyable 62. port city 63. all the way 64. mix 65. keep your eyes open 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国的组成、历史及文化特点等。 【56题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们使用相同的旗帜，即英国国旗，也使用相同的货币和军事防御。根据课文内容及“They use the same flag”及“the Union Jack”，空处应填“作为……而出名”，用短语be known as表示，空处在句中作非谓语，把be去掉即可。故填known as。 【57题详解】 考查名词短语。句意：例如，英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰都有不同的教育体系和法律体系。根据课文内容及“different education system”可知，空处应填“法律体系”，用名词legal system表示，且根据different可知，不止一个法律体系，所以用名词复数形式。故填legal systems。 【58题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：英国有着悠久而有趣的历史，这可以帮助你更多地了解这个国家及其传统。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词history，关系词词在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【59题详解】 考查动词。句意：在英国，无论你走到哪里，你都会被四个不同民族的人所包围，他们在不同的历史时期执掌这个国家。根据课文内容及“by evidence of four different groups of people”可知，空处应填“被……所包围”，用动词surround表示，且与主语you之间是被动关系，用被动语态，空前有will be，空处填过去分词形式，构成一般将来时的被动语态。故填surrounded。 【60题详解】 考查动词短语。句意同上。根据课文内容及“at different times throughout history”可知，空处应填“接管，控制”，用短语take over表示，且根据at different times throughout history可知，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，take应用过去式took。故填took over。 【61题详解】 考查形容词。句意：学习这个国家历史会使你的英国之旅将更为愉快。根据课文内容及“Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more”可知，空处应填“愉快”，用形容词enjoyable表示，与空前的more构成比较级。故填enjoyable。 【62题详解】 考查名词短语。句意：首都伦敦是一个很好的起点，因为它是一个古老的港口城市，其历史可以追溯到罗马时代。根据课文内容及“The capital city London is a great place to start”可知，空处应填“港口城市”，用名词port city表示，且根据空前的an ancient可知，空处填名词单数形式。故填port city。 【63题详解】 考查固定搭配句意同上。根据课文内容及“back to Roman times.”可知，空处应填“一直”，用固定搭配all the way表示。故填all the way。 【64题详解】 考查名词。句意：在英国，历史与现代文化交融，新旧传统并存，引人入胜。根据课文内容及“of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions”可知，空处应填“混合”，用名词mix表示“混合；结合”，此处指英国是历史和现代文化的结合，且根据空前的不定冠词a可知，空处填名词单数形式。故填mix。 【65题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：如果你用心观察，你会惊讶地发现，你可以看到它的过去和现在。根据课文内容及“you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present”可知，空处应填“留意，用心观察”，用动词短语keep your eyes open表示，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表将来，主语为you，谓语动词用原形。故填keep your eyes open。 第四部分写作（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节应用文写作（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Chris来信说，他想使用AI生成的作文交作业。请你给他回信，表达你的看法。要点包括： 1. 表达态度； 2. 阐述理由； 3. 提出建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Chris, I really don’t think using AI-generated essays for homework is a good idea. Homework is designed to help you practice writing skills and form your own thoughts. Relying on AI means you’ll miss the chance to think deeply, and it’s not honest to your teacher. Over time, it might even make you lose confidence in your own abilities. Why not try writing a draft first? If you’re stuck, I can give you suggestions. True progress comes from your own efforts — AI can’t replace that. Sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给笔友Chris回信，说明对于他想使用AI生成的作文交作业的态度、 阐述理由以及提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 使用：use→utilize 依靠：rely on→count on 机会：chance→opportunity 代替：replace→take the place of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Homework is designed to help you practice writing skills and form your own thoughts. 拓展句：The reason why homework is designed is that it can help you practice writing skills and form your own thoughts. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I really don’t think using AI-generated essays for homework is a good idea.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】If you’re stuck, I can give you suggestions.（运用了if引导条件状语从句） 第二节 读后续写（满分15分） 67. After Mum finished washing dishes, I could not wait to climb onto the couch, urging Mum to turn on the tape recorder — it was my time “Talking with Dad”. It was late 1960s and Dad had been serving in the army for three years, during which we would receive at least one tape a week from him. Mum always played a part to me after supper. Every evening she turned on the machine, Dad would begin greeting me and ask how our days had been and what we had done. Speaking to the tape recorder as if Dad could hear every word, I told him almost everything: the rabbit we kept, the quarrels and happiness with my friends, the humorous grocery cashier we recently met and so on. Mum would write down my responses one by one in letter, so Dad was kept up-to-date. In the following tape, he would praise my good deeds and gently corrected those errors. He also told me some interesting stories or read me the books Mum had sent him. Thanks to those evenings of “Talking with Dad”, my life was never boring nor unbearable. But over the time, my desire to see the face of Dad, not only hear his voice, grew stronger and stronger. Once I even asked Mum if the voice was fake and I had no real Dad. She told me softly but firmly that Dad was real and we would soon meet him in the flesh. Then she sighed and cast her eyes to the photos on the closet. They were taken at least 3 years ago, in which a tall, thin and gentle young man was smiling at us. When finally hearing from Dad’s last tape that he would come back sometime the next month, I burst out cheers. I remember it was a sunny spring afternoon as I turned 5 years old exactly on that day. Mum was baking the cake in the kitchen while I was playing in the yard. 注意: 1. 所续写短文的词数应为100词左右； 2. 续写部分为一段，开头语已为你写好。 The gate in the fence opened and in came a tall and bearded (大胡子) man. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The gate in the fence opened and in came a tall and bearded man. I froze, staring at the stranger. He looked nothing like the young man in the photos. My heart pounded as he slowly approached, his eyes filled with tears and a hesitant smile on his face. “It’s me, son,” he whispered. Suddenly, the deep voice clicked — it was Dad! I rushed into his arms, burying my face in his familiar voice, now real and warm. Mum appeared at the door, weeping joyfully. My dream had finally come true. 【解析】 【导语】本文以作者与父亲通过录音带交流的经历为线索，讲述了20世纪60年代末，父亲服役三年期间，作者每周通过录音带与他“交谈”，母亲记录作者的话并写信告知父亲，父亲也会在录音中回应。作者渴望见到父亲，当得知他下月归来时十分兴奋，在五岁生日当天等待着他的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： 由首句内容“栅栏上的门开了，一个高大的大胡子男人走了进来。”可知，本段可描写作者看到这个有胡子的高个男人时的反应，他虽与照片中不同，但作者认出了他的声音，确认是父亲后冲进他怀里，母亲也出来喜极而泣的情景。 2. 续写线索：看到陌生男人——作者愣住——男人靠近——作者认出声音——冲向父亲怀抱——母亲出现哭泣 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①凝视：stare at/gaze at ②靠近：approach/get closer ③冲进怀抱：rush into one’s arms/dash to hug 情绪类 ①犹豫的：hesitant/tentative ②喜悦：joyfully/happily 【点睛】[高分句型1] I froze, staring at the stranger.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） [高分句型2] My heart pounded as he slowly approached, his eyes filled with tears and a hesitant smile on his face.（运用了as引导时间状语从句以及独立主格结构作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 杭州二中2024学年第二学期期中考试 高一年级 英语试题B卷 本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 选择题部分 第一部分听力（共两节, 满分20分） 第一节（共5小题; 每小题1分, 满分5分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman take with her? A. A sports bag. B. A suitcase. C. A backpack. 2. How does the man feel about his grandmother's moving in? A. Appreciative. B. Surprised. C. Anxious. 3. How far is the last stop sign? A. Two blocks away. B. Three blocks away. C. Five blocks away. 4. Why couldn't the woman hear the man clearly? A. Because the man was eating. B. Because the man was in the shower. C. Because the woman has bad hearing. 5. Where are the speakers? A. In a gas station. B. In a hospital. C. In an interview room. 第二节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话, 回答第6、7题。 6 What is the man's concern about the investment（投资）at first? A. The profit. B. The safety. C. The flexibility. 7. What is the woman going to do? A. Show the man a website. B. Open an account for the man. C. Give the man an instruction book. 听下面一段对话, 回答第8、9题。 8. Where are the speakers? A. In the man's house. B. On a plane. C. At an airport. 9. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Use the fast check-in service. B. Take the blue suitcase on board. C. Let his children go through security first. 听下面一段对话, 回答第10至12题。 10. What is the girl's project topic related to? A. History. B. Foreign language. C. International relations. 11. When will the trip to Paris begin? A. On Friday. B. In five days C. About half a month later. 12. What might help persuade the girl's father to let her go? A. That many other students will be going. B. That almost everything will be fully paid for. C. That the group will visit many interesting places. 听下面一段对话, 回答第13至16题。 13. What are Nicole and Anthony? A. Film critics. B. News reporters. C. Radio hosts. 14. What is the speakers' opinion on the new James Bond actor? A. He was a good fit but not the best. B. He was a typical James Bond actor. C. He made the character unbelievable. 15. What does Nicole Think was good about the movie? A. The music. B. The story. C. The special effects. 16 What rating does Anthony give the movie? A. Two stars. B. Four stars. C. Five stars. 听下面一段独白, 回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Which statement do most people agree with? A. People may eat less deer meat. B. Hunting is likely to decrease worldwide. C. The endangered animals shouldn't be hunted. 18. Why are there so many white-tailed deer in the United States? A. It is illegal to hunt them. B. No other species hunt them for food. C. They adapt to their natural environment. 19. Why do hunters argue for shooting more white-tailed deer? A. Deer meat tastes delicious. B. The deer damage more farm crops. C. The deer population threatens human safety. 20. Which of the following is believed by animal rights groups? A. Few deer-related accidents are caused by hunters. B. Animals can live in their habitat without worries. C. It is cruel to accept eating farm animals. 第二部分阅读（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题; 每小题 2.5 分, 满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。 A HSK TEST and HSKK TEST are both the internationally standardized tests that focus on the ability of candidates whose Chinese is not their first language. According to China’s Ministry of Education any foreign students to be enrolled in Chinese university should at least hold an HSK Level 4 certificate. Learners who want to apply for the Confucius Institute Scholarships should take the score reports of both HSK and HSKK. As a proof of the Chinese language ability of foreign students entering Chinese colleges and universities, both HSK and HSKK scores are valid for two years. HSK TEST Test levels include HSK (Level 1), HSK (Level 2), HSK (Level 3), HSK (Level 4), HSK (Level 5) and HSK (Level 6). Exam Object: HSK (Level 4) is mainly for candidates who have learned Chinese for four semesters (two academic years) with a schedule of 2-4 class hours per week and mastered 1,200 commonly used words. HSKK TEST HSKK Test is designed to test the ability to express oneself orally in Chinese and includes the HSKK (Elementary), HSKK (Intermediate) and HSKK (Advanced). Exam Object: HSKK (Intermediate) is mainly for candidates who have learned Chinese for one to two academic years at a schedule of 2-3 class hours per week and master about 900 of the most commonly used words. 1. What is required for a foreigner to get into a Chinese college? A. To pass Level 4 of HSK. B. To score above average in HSKK. C. To speak Chinese as their mother tongue. D. To take part in Chinese Test Summer Camp. 2. How many levels does HSKK Test include? A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 6. 3. Where can we most probably see this article? A. In Chinese art galleries. B. On inter-city subways. C. In primary school textbooks. D. On overseas study websites. B When Holly Ford walked past a long-disused phone box in her home village of Cladich in 2017, an idea began to form, which combined her love of baking with a new use for the box ignored by almost everyone. Holly got permission from the community council to use the call box. “Nobody told us it wouldn’t work, but we did get a few locals who thought people would just help themselves to cakes without paying.” These concerns proved to be wholly unfounded. The honesty box, which is located next to the bread, cookies, lemon drizzle cakes, jams, eggs and candles, has always been used correctly by customers, claims Holly, with the box remaining entirely unstaffed. “It’s a surprisingly busy road for traffic in the summer,” Holly remarks, “and we do get quite a few notes that people leave for us saying how much they like the idea.” Only open during the summer months, Holly has turned the box into layers of shelves for her cakes and other local produce. Able to make close to £100 a day in peak summer months, she also runs regular charity bakes in the community. “I’m not sure the honesty box approach would work in a more urban area,” she tells me. “but for where we live it’s surprisingly easy to make something like this happen. It’s really important to put in the work on social media and to keep your self-belief in the idea.” Holly is able to judge which cakes most tickle the taste of passing travelers with a sweet tooth. “The brownies are the most popular, always.” she tells me, “I do like expanding the range. The only thing is that I can’t get them to rise at the moment! Maybe next summer they’ll be in the box!” 4. Why is the box beside the cakes called “the honesty box” A. Because Holly is an honest and reliable cake maker. B. Because customers use it properly with no salesman. C. Because the cakes and local produce are safe to buy and eat. D. Because Holly has gained official permission for her business. 5. Which word best describes customers’ attitude towards(Holly’s call box) A. Doubtful. B. Objective C. Tolerant. D. Favourable. 6. What does the underlined word “tickle” mean in the last paragraph? A. Satisfy. B. Affect. C. Develop. D. Change. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Way to Expand Business B. A Profitable Summer Dealing C. A New Life of a Phone Box D. A Reliable Call Box Cake Maker C As ice sheets melted, they often left behind landscapes that typically take many years to become habitable for plants and wildlife. However, recent research has discovered that in just three years, these poor areas can be brought back to life by South American camelids (美洲鸵). By the foot of Peru’s Uruashraju glacier (冰川), researchers partnered with local farmers to herd (放牧) camelids on four areas. For three days a month from 2019 to 2022, the camelids grazed (吃草) the areas. By the end of that time, the otherwise dry and easily destroyed soil had become more stable, richer in nutrients (营养) and supported 57 percent more plant cover than before. This traditional South American way of camelids herding could potentially protect crops, animals and local communities from the impacts of climate change. As is the case worldwide, glaciers are disappearing in Peru’s Cordillera Blanca mountains at an astonishing rate. And as the ice melts, nearby ecosystems lose access to summertime supplies of freshwater and sometimes face harmful acidic (酸性的) minerals in rocks once covered by the glaciers. Camelids may help ease some of these effects. Their transformation of the land could reduce rock weathering, thus limiting the acidic runoff that can damage farmers’ crops. The idea that grass-eating animals grazing may positively impact a landscape is not new. Nor is rewilding — the push to reintroduce key species to their native ecosystems — unique to the Cordillera Blanca mountains. In Finland, for example, local Sami are working to reintroduce reindeer in areas where trees have been cut down. And a group in Spain hopes one day to lift the wild cattle known as the auroch out of extinction, putting it to use in grazing. But the size and speed of the changes the camelids helped bring about surprised the researchers. “Putting nutrients over the soil can produce similar effects on plant growth,” says ecologist Kelsey Reider of James Madison University, but “the animals themselves are doing a lot”. For one, animal waste is special. For another, the camelids weed out dominant plants, making space for new species. 8. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Results of camelids herding. B. Impacts of climate change. C. Reasons for the research. D. Partnership with local farmers. 9. What might be a consequence of glaciers melting? A. Increased acidic runoff. B. Reduced rock weathering. C Decline in summer rainfall D. Shortage of mineral resources. 10. Why are the underlined “reindeer” and “auroch?” mentioned in paragraph 4? A. To clarify a potential problem. B. To explain a natural phenomenon. C. To compare different rewilding projects. D. To support a conservation effort. 11. What is Kelsey Reider’s attitude towards camelids herding? A. Disapproving. B. Unclear. C. Doubtful. D. Supportive. D Jason, a straight-A student from the University of Pennsylvania, uses the term “pseudo-working” to describe how many of us study. The pseudo-worker looks and feels like someone who is working hard — he or she spends a long time in the library and is not afraid to push on late into the night — but, because of a lack of focus and concentration, he or she doesn’t actually accomplish much. This phenomenon can be seen in most colleges. For example, at Dartmouth there was a section of the main library that was open twenty-four hours a day and the students I used to see in there late at night crowded in groups, drinking coffee, were definitely pseudo-working. By placing themselves in distracting environments and insisting on working long hours, these students are damaging their brain’s ability to think clearly and efficiently to accomplish the task at hand. In the end they get half the results with twice the effort. The bigger problem here is that most students don’t even realize that they’re pseudo-working. To them pseudo-working is work — it’s how they’ve always done it, and it’s how all of their friends do it. It never crosses their mind that there might be a better way. Straight-A students, on the other hand, know all about pseudo-working. They fear it, and for good reason it not only wastes time, but it’s also mentally tiring. In fact, the most important skill in becoming a better student is the ability to get work done quickly and with a minimum of wasted effort. Some cognitive science research concludes that about 50 minutes is the optimal learning period to maximize the material learned per time unit. So how can students manage to study efficiently? One key factor is captured in the following simple formula: work accomplished = time spent×intensity of focus. Pseudo-working features a very low intensity of focus. Therefore, to accomplish something by pseudo-working, you need to spend a lot of time. The straight-A approach, on the other hand, maximizes intensity in order to minimize time. 12. Which of the following phenomenon is an example of pseudo-working? A. Tom is busy taking notes while attending a lecture. B. Alice and Sara are sitting on the sofa reading their favorite books. C. Mike is sitting in the study room in preparation for a final exam quietly. D. Jack spends a long time in the library on his essay while listening to music. 13. What can be inferred from paragraph 3 and 4? A. Straight-A students believe some tasks are worth twice the effort. B. Too much thinking may weaken the brain’s ability of the students. C. Negative effects of pseudo-working are not fully realized by many students. D. Students will get good grades once they realize that pseudo-working is ineffective. 14. What does the underlined word “optimal’ mean in paragraph 5? A. Longest. B. Best. C. Least. D. Effective. 15. Why does the author mention the formula in the text? A. To show the benefit of working hard. B. To prove the necessity of accomplishing work. C. To emphasize the importance of concentration. D. To explain the reason for spending much time. 第二节（共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分） 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A robot is chatting to an elderly British man in his bedroom. ____16____ . Perhaps because of the man’s age, the robot starts asking him about his memories of the Second World War. The elderly man goes on to tell how his father was in the army, and he hasn’t seen him for years. ____17____. The behavior is the product of the Caresses project which aims to design robots that can take into account the cultural background of the person they’re talking to. The man is British, so the robot thinks he will be interested in such a topic, regardless of the man’s personal feelings. Cultural robotics is part of a wider movement to make robotics more culturally inclusive. ____18____ For example, because the Internet is mainly in English, large language models are primarily trained on English text — with the cultural biases (偏见) existing. Similarly, the move to make robots more culturally sensitive means well, but people are worried about where it could lead, considering the diverse cultural preferences across different social groups. Humans from different cultures react differently to robots. For example, different cultures have different expectations around personal space, and this affects how far they prefer robots to stand from them. ____19____ People are more able to understand a robot if it uses the facial expressions they are familiar with. Culture is a complex concept, open to various explanations. ____20____ . To avoid designing robots based on stereotypes (刻板印象), we will need to be more thoughtful. A. It has a pleasantly bright voice. B. Does this topic really hold a person’s interest C. However, concerns about this have been raised. D. This practice is widely recognized across cultures. E. Therefore, a one-size-fits-all approach is impractical. F. Why does a robot mention a topic that may cause pain? G. Different cultures interpret facial expressions differently too. 第三部分 语言运用（共四节, 满分 50 分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 It was 6 p. m. on Chinese New Year’s Eve. I was working as a tour guide and was on my way to ____21____ a group for a night tour around Kuala Lumpur. As I drove along the road, a small car flew across the road from the ____22____ direction and crashed into my car head-on. I passed out. In the hospital, I saw my crushed feet hanging from my body, blue and ____23____ , and I begged the doctors to save them at all costs. They calmly promised to do their best. Days after that, I was informed that I lost the job. My heart ____24____ . I felt utter helplessness, but a lot of unexpected ____25____ came my way. I had many visitors during my 14 days in hospital and when I was ____26____ at home. Friends and relatives helped me with my financial stuff or simply came to cheer me up. But I was only 30, and wanted to see the world. When the casts (石膏) were removed, I did not let the sight of my weak legs ____27____ me. I worked hard at my physiotherapy (理疗) with only one ____28____ : I must walk again. After the five-month therapy, I was back ____29____ my feet. By February the following year, I had started globetrotting (周游世界) again. The accident made me realize how lives can ____30____ in a split second. In my foggy state of mind, I recalled how motorcyclists wrapped their jackets around their ____31____ and moved away my broken side window to save me. I also recall the Chinese family who ____32____ taboo (禁忌) and drove me to the hospital ____33____ my bloodied condition on Chinese New Year. The kindness I’ve experienced taught me never to give up ____34____ on anyone or in any situation. I ____35____ life more, not only my own but also everyone I know, and will always try to help when I know of someone in trouble. 21. A. find out B. search for C. pick up D. attend to 22. A. opposite B. same C. wrong D. right 23. A. lifeless B. jumping C. hopeless D. flying 24. A. stopped B. sank C. jumped D. ached 25. A. results B. disasters C. blessings D. promises 26. A. recovering B. working C. testing D. complaining 27. A. puzzle B. surprise C. discourage D. fail 28. A. aim B. seat C. excuse D. car 29. A. with B. on C. in D. down 30. A. improve B. change C. worsen D. end 31 A. toes B. arms C. heads D. faces 32. A. accepted B. created C. followed D. abandoned 33. A. in spite of B. in addition to C. in memory of D. in contrast to 34. A. doubt B. power C. hope D. desire 35. A. choose B. spare C. save D. value 非选择题部分 注意: 将答案写在答题纸上。写在本试卷上无效。 第二节语法填空（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式)。 Chinese researchers have introduced technological methods based on a six-year-long program to address the issue of high humidity (湿度) in site museums. The program was carried ___36___ at the Dadiwan Site, dating around 8,000 to 4,800 years ago, in Qin’an County, Gansu Province. The F901 site, having ___37___ history of over 5,000 years, stands as the most complicated housing structure from China’s prehistoric times. The museum on the site ___38___ (finish) in 2011 and was then made ___39___ (access) to the public. Its purpose is to ___40___ (accurate) recreate the natural state of the ancient community. ___41___ (avoid) any direct interaction with visitors, the museum separated the spot by constructing glass curtain walls. However, this action resulted in a continuous rise in humidity within the site, ___42___ in turn caused the spread of microbial (微生物的) diseases. The researchers believe that the glass curtain wall could ___43___ (less) the dependence of indoor humidity changes on outdoor weather changes, but generated unexpected consequences, ___44___ (lead) to increased humidity in the museum space. The strategic placement of windows and fans proved effective in enhancing inner airflow. The study offers valuable ____45____ (guide) about the preservation of similar cultural relics. 第三节 单词拼写（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分） 根据首字母提示, 写出各单词的正确形式。注意: 答题卷上写完整单词, 否则不得分。 46. Paper cutting, which b________ to traditional art in China, has a history of more than 1, 500 years. (根据首字母单词拼写) 47. I believe that everyone has a t________ for something, one way or another. (根据首字母单词拼写) 48. Baoshi Hill, l________ on the northern shore of West Lake Scenic Area, is a top viewing destination. (根据首字母单词拼写) 49. It has been p________ that active people tend to stay healthier both mentally and physically. (根据首字母单词拼写) 50. Her heart was beating with excitement when the host a________ that she won the prize. (根据首字母单词拼写) 51. The thought broke her down, and she wandered away, with tears r________ down her cheeks. (根据首字母单词拼写) 52. Small though the village is, it is c________ with tourists who come here all year round. (根据首字母单词拼写) 53. As spring is a________, the flowers in the garden are coming to life overnight. (根据首字母单词拼写) 54. We will put on a chorus p________ in the Langu Theatre at the end of this month. (根据首字母单词拼写) 55. She breathed a sigh of r________ when she found her son was safe. (根据首字母单词拼写) 第四节 课文填空（共10小题, 每小题1分, 满分10分） 课文填空。 They use the same flag, ____56____ the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence. For example, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland all have different education system and ____57____ . The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history, ____58____ can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be ____59____ by evidence of four different groups of people who ____60____ at different times throughout history. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more ____61____ . The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient ____62____ that has a history dating ____63____ back to Roman times. The UK is a fascinating ____64____ of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you ____65____ you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present. 第四部分写作（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节应用文写作（满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你的笔友Chris来信说，他想使用AI生成的作文交作业。请你给他回信，表达你的看法。要点包括： 1. 表达态度； 2. 阐述理由； 3. 提出建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分15分） 67. After Mum finished washing dishes, I could not wait to climb onto the couch, urging Mum to turn on the tape recorder — it was my time “Talking with Dad”. It was late 1960s and Dad had been serving in the army for three years, during which we would receive at least one tape a week from him. Mum always played a part to me after supper. Every evening she turned on the machine, Dad would begin greeting me and ask how our days had been and what we had done. Speaking to the tape recorder as if Dad could hear every word, I told him almost everything: the rabbit we kept, the quarrels and happiness with my friends, the humorous grocery cashier we recently met and so on. Mum would write down my responses one by one in letter, so Dad was kept up-to-date. In the following tape, he would praise my good deeds and gently corrected those errors. He also told me some interesting stories or read me the books Mum had sent him. Thanks to those evenings of “Talking with Dad”, my life was never boring nor unbearable. But over the time, my desire to see the face of Dad, not only hear his voice, grew stronger and stronger. Once I even asked Mum if the voice was fake and I had no real Dad. She told me softly but firmly that Dad was real and we would soon meet him in the flesh. Then she sighed and cast her eyes to the photos on the closet. They were taken at least 3 years ago, in which a tall, thin and gentle young man was smiling at us. When finally hearing from Dad’s last tape that he would come back sometime the next month, I burst out cheers. I remember it was a sunny spring afternoon as I turned 5 years old exactly on that day. Mum was baking the cake in the kitchen while I was playing in the yard. 注意: 1. 所续写短文的词数应为100词左右； 2. 续写部分为一段，开头语已为你写好。 The gate in the fence opened and in came a tall and bearded (大胡子) man. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$