内容正文:
Unit 4 Growing by Changing 知识点总结
一、重点单词
(一)词形转换
原词(词性及含义)
词形变化(词性及含义)
regret(v. 后悔)
regret(n. 遗憾);regretted(过去式)
success(n. 成功)
successful(adj. 成功的);succeed(v. 成功)
help(v./n. 帮助)
helpful(adj. 有帮助的);helpless(adj. 无助的)
care(v./n. 关心)
careful(adj. 仔细的);careless(adj. 粗心的)
wonder(v./n. 想知道/奇迹)
wonderful(adj. 极好的)
harm(n. 伤害)
harmful(adj. 有害的)
joy(n. 喜悦)
joyful(adj. 快乐的)
hope(v./n. 希望)
hopeful(adj. 有希望的)
pain(n. 疼痛)
painful(adj. 痛苦的)
peace(n. 和平)
peaceful(adj. 平静的)
disappoint(v. 使失望)
disappointed(adj. 失望的)
honest(adj. 诚实的)
honesty(n. 诚实)
courage(n. 勇气)
courageous(adj. 勇敢的)
weigh(v. 称重)
weight(n. 重量)
press(v. 按压)
pressure(n. 压力)
stress(n./v. 压力/强调)
stressful(adj. 有压力的)
develop(v. 发展)
development(n. 发展)
argue(v. 争论)
argument(n. 争论)
move(v. 移动)
movement(n. 运动);moved(adj. 感动的)
compare(v. 比较)
comparison(n. 比较)
(二)重点词汇详解
1. regret:意为“感到遗憾;懊悔”,常用搭配“regret doing sth.”表示“后悔做过某事”。例如:I really regretted doing that.(我真的很后悔做了那件事)。
2. sense:作动词时意为“感觉到;意识到”;作名词时意为“感觉官能;意义”。例如:The flowers smelt so good! I took a deep breath and the smell made me relaxed.(花闻起来真香!我深吸一口气,这气味让我放松下来)。
3. deal with:意为“处理;解决;对付”。例如:Then, how can you deal with the growing pains?(那么,你如何应对成长的烦恼呢?)。
4. get along with:意为“与……和睦相处”。例如:Now, Li Hong has many friends at school and gets along well with us.(现在,李红在学校有很多朋友,和我们相处得很好)。
5. sign up for:意为“报名参加”。例如:Last October, I signed up for a music club.(去年十月,我报名参加了一个音乐俱乐部)。
6. put on weight:意为“增重;体重增加”,其反义词组为“lose weight”(减肥)。例如:At the beginning of my 8th grade, I grew so fast and put on lots of weight.(八年级刚开始的时候,我长得很快,体重增加了很多)。
7. turn out:意为“结果是;最后是”。例如:Everything will turn out all right!(一切都会好起来的!)。
8. upset:作形容词时意为“难过;失望;沮丧”。例如:You look upset. What's the problem?(你看起来很沮丧。有什么问题吗?)。
9. nervous:意为“焦虑的;担忧的”。例如:I'm feeling nervous about tomorrow's speech.(我对明天的演讲感到紧张)。
10. lonely:意为“孤独的;寂寞的”。例如:In the beginning, she was always lonely because she didn't have any friends.(一开始,她总是很孤独,因为她没有任何朋友)。
二、重点短语
短语
含义
have the flu
患流感
take a deep breath
深吸一口气
give a speech
发表演讲
keep in touch with
与……保持联系
get along with
与……和睦相处
deal with
处理;解决
compare...with...
把……与……相比
sign up for
报名参加
advise sb. to do sth.
建议某人做某事
little by little
渐渐地
no longer
不再
be worried about
担心;忧虑
regret doing sth.
后悔做过某事
put on weight
增重
turn out
结果是;最后是
argue with
与……争论
fall ill
生病(结合单元主题相关表达)
in public
公开地;在公共场合
stay up late
熬夜(结合单元压力相关场景)
take a try
尝试一下
三、重点句型
1. What's wrong with you?(你怎么了?)
回答:I'm feeling...(如I'm feeling nervous about tomorrow's speech.)
2. I failed the...exam.(我……考试不及格。)例如:I failed the English exam.(我英语考试不及格。)
3. get along well with sb.(与某人相处融洽。)例如:Now, Li Hong has many friends at school and gets along well with us.(现在,李红在学校有很多朋友,和我们相处得很好。)
4. sign up for sth.(报名参加某事。)例如:Last October, I signed up for a music club.(去年十月,我报名参加了一个音乐俱乐部。)
5. put on weight(体重增加。)例如:At the beginning of my 8th grade, I grew so fast and put on lots of weight.(八年级刚开始的时候,我长得很快,体重增加了很多。)
6. Everything will turn out all right!(一切都会好起来的!)
7. Why don't you...?(你为什么不……呢?(用于提出建议))例如:Why don't you talk to your parents?
8. It's + adj. + to do sth.(做某事是……的。)例如:It is not easy to become a plane engineer.(成为一名飞机工程师并不容易。)
9. Thanks to..., ...(多亏了……,……。)例如:Thanks to the vets, it's getting well now.(多亏了兽医,它现在好多了。)
10. What a/an + adj. + n. + (主语+谓语)!(多么……的……啊!(感叹句))例如:What a fool I was to taste hot pepper!(我真傻,居然去尝辣椒!)
四、重点语法
(一)过去进行时(The Past Continuous Tense)
1. 构成:由“was/were + 现在分词(v.-ing)”构成。
· 第一人称单数和第三人称单数用“was + 现在分词”
· 第二人称单复数和第一、三人称复数用“were + 现在分词”
2. 用法:表示过去某个时间或某段时间正在进行的动作。
· 例如:What were you doing at this time yesterday?(昨天这个时候你在做什么?)
· 例如:When I called him, he was having dinner.(当我给他打电话时,他正在吃晚饭。)
3. 句式:
· 肯定句:I was reading a book at 8 p.m. last night.
· 否定句:She wasn't watching TV then.
· 一般疑问句:Were they playing basketball at that time?
肯定回答:Yes, they were.
否定回答:No, they weren't.
(二)后缀-less 和-ful
1. 后缀-ful:加在名词后,构成形容词,意为“充满……的;具有……性质的”。
例如:help→helpful(有帮助的);wonder→wonderful(极好的)
2. 后缀-less:加在名词后,构成形容词,意为“无……的;不……的”。
例如:help→helpless(无助的);use→useless(无用的)
3. 例子:Your boss doesn't allow any careless mistakes, so you'd better be very careful in your work.(你的老板不允许任何粗心的错误,所以你在工作中最好非常小心。)
(三)情态动词should/must
1. should:意为“应该;应当”,表示义务、责任或建议。
· 例如:You should talk about your problems with them.(你应该和他们谈谈你的问题。)
· 否定式:shouldn't(不应该)
2. must:意为“必须;一定要”,表示必要、命令或肯定推测。
· 例如:You must take care of your parents.(你必须照顾你的父母。)
· 否定式:mustn't(不许;禁止)
· 注意:回答“Must...?”的否定句时,用needn't或don't have to(不必),不用mustn't。
(四)动词不定式(Infinitive)
1. 基本形式:to + 动词原形,有时可省略to。
2. 用法:在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等。
· 作宾语:He wants to join the music club.(他想加入音乐俱乐部。)
· 作宾语补足语:Miss Wang asked Kangkang to book the tickets.(王老师让康康订票。)
· 作状语:They organized a show to raise money.(他们组织了一场演出为了筹钱。)
3. 否定形式:not + 动词不定式。例如:The teacher tells the children not to eat unhealthy food.(老师告诉孩子们不要吃不健康的食物。)
五、作文指导与范文
(一)写作思路
本单元作文围绕“成长中的变化与烦恼”展开,写作时可按照“引入成长变化—描述遇到的烦恼—讲述解决过程—表达感悟收获”的结构进行:
1. 开头:引出自己在成长过程中发生的变化,如身体上的变化或心理上的变化。
2. 中间:详细描述因这些变化而遇到的烦恼,以及自己是如何应对和解决这些烦恼的,可以提及他人的帮助。
3. 结尾:谈谈经历这些变化和烦恼后的感悟与收获,对成长有更深刻的理解。
(二)常用表达
1. At the beginning, I...(一开始,我……)
2. I felt... because...(我感到……因为……)
3. Luckily, ... helped me...(幸运的是,……帮助了我……)
4. Little by little, I...(渐渐地,我……)
5. I learned that...(我明白了……)
6. Now, I no longer...(现在,我不再……)
(三)范文:My Growing-up Story
When I entered Grade 8, I experienced some big changes. I grew much taller than before, but I also put on a lot of weight. This made me feel very upset, and I even didn't want to go out with my friends. I often argued with my parents about it.
Luckily, my best friend Lucy encouraged me a lot. She told me that beauty is not just about appearance. She also invited me to do sports with her every weekend. Little by little, I became more confident. I started to take part in class activities and made many new friends.
Now, I no longer worry about my weight. I realize that growing up is about accepting yourself and becoming a better person. It's these changes and challenges that make life colorful.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$