内容正文:
第02讲 高考高频形容词+副词+动词聚焦
目录
考点一 高考英语完形填空常考的107个形容词和副词汇总 2
考点二 高考英语阅读理解常考的350个形容词和副词汇总 4
考点三 高考英语形容词和副词知识点梳理 11
考点四 阅读理解高频动词290词汇总 29
考点五 完形填空高频动词252词汇总 35
考点六 高频核心动词知识点梳理 42
考点一 高考英语完形填空常考的107个形容词和副词汇总
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1. immediate adj 立即的,立刻的,马上
2. clear adj 清楚的,清晰的
3.cautious adj 小心翼翼的
4.vivid adj 生动的,逼真的
5.exactly adv ①确切地,精确地 ②恰好地,正好地 ③ (用于答语)完全正确。(的确这样)
6.fortunately adv 幸运地
7.surprisingly adv 令人惊讶地
8.hardly adv 几乎不
9.instead adv 代替,相反
10. properly adv 适当地;正确地;恰当地
11. specially adv 专门
12.reliable adj 可靠的,可信赖的
13.simply adv 简单地;仅仅,只不过
14.namely adv 即,也就是
15.not nearly = far from = nowhere near 远非,远远不,一点也不
16.patient adj 耐心的;n 病人
17.plain adj 简单的,朴素的
18.familiar adj 熟悉的
19.lucky adj 幸运的
20.amazing adj 令人惊异的
21.accidentally adv ①偶然地;意外地 ②附带地
22.silent adj 沉默的
23.calm adj 平静的,冷静的
24.secret adj 秘密的
25.otherwise adv 否则
26.meanwhile adv 期间,同时
27.besides adv 除…..以外还有
28.efficient adj 高效的,有效的
29. flexible adj 灵活的
30.complex adj 复杂的
31.smooth adj 平稳的,光滑的,顺利的
32.regularly adv 定期地,有规律地
33.sensitive adj 敏感的,体贴的
34.honest adj 诚实的
35.confident adj 自信的
36.shy adj 害羞的,羞涩的
37.thoughtful adj ①深思的,沉思的②富有思想的;经认真推敲的
38.lighthearted and optimistic adj 无忧无虑而且非常乐观的
39.nevertheless adj 然而
40.private adj 私人的(private cars)
41.personal adj 个人的(personal belongings)
42.unique adj 唯一的,独一无二的;独特的
43.favorable adj 赞同的,有利的
44.precious adj 宝贵的,珍贵的
45.essential adj 必要的,重要的
46.worthwhile adj 值得的
47.physical adj 身体的,物理的
48.sudden adj 突然的
49.merely adv 仅仅,只 =only
50.rarely adv 罕见的
51.splendidly adj 极好地,灿烂地
52.increasingly adv 越来越多地
53.naturally adv 自然地
54.accurate adj 精确的,准确的
55.ridiculous adj 可笑的,荒谬的
56.urgent adj 紧急的,急迫的
57.shallow adj 浅的,肤浅的
58.frequently adv 经常地,频繁地
59.especially adv 特别地,尤其地=particularly
60.obviously adv 显而易见 =apparently
61.necessarily adv 必要地,必须地,必然地
62.generally adv 一般地,通常地
63.eventually adv 最终,最后
64.adoptable adv 可采用的,可收养的
65.acceptable adj 可以接受的
66.available adj 可利用的,可使用的,可得到的
67.accessible adj 易接近的,易受影响的,可理解的
68.relatively adv 相对地,比较地
69.approximately adv 大约
70.absolutely adv 绝对正确地
71.punctual adj 守时的
72.gentle adj 温柔的
73.neatly adv 整洁地
74.entirely adv 完全地
75.highly adv 高度地,非常地
76.strongly adv 强烈地,坚固地
77.extremely adv 极端地,非常
78.reasonably adv 合乎情理地
79.eagerly adv 热切地;渴望地
80.badly adv 很,非常
81.slightly adv 稍微,轻微地
82.equally adv 平等地
83.lately adv 最近
84.enthusiastic adj 热情的;热烈的;热心的
85.energetic adj 精力充沛的,有活力的
86.talkative adj ①喜欢说话的②多嘴的③健谈的
87.impressive adj 印象深刻的
88.traditional adj 传统的
89.practical adj 实践的,实际的
90.similar adj 类似的,相似的
91.convenient adj 方便的,便利的
92.sooner or later 迟早,早晚
93.more or less 或多或少,差不多,几乎
94.once in a while 偶尔,时不时地
95.now and then 偶尔,有时
96. willingly adv 情愿地
97. unexpectedly adv 出乎意料地
98.unwillingly adv 不情愿地
99. unforgettable adj 难忘的
100.doubtful adj 可疑的;令人生疑的;疑心的;不能确定的
101. hardly / scarcely adv 几乎不
102. respectable adj 值得尊敬的
103. respectful adj 恭敬的,有礼貌的
104. distinguished adj 著名的;卓著的;高贵的
105. complicated adj 难懂的,复杂的
106. awkward/clumsy adj 尴尬的,笨拙的
107. previous adj 先前的
(24-25高三上·北京通州·期末)Zhang Yupeng, once a “ troubled” youth, won the gold medal at the 47th World Skills Competition in France.
In 2018, things 1 when he saw older students crafting delicate, sparkling jewelry. The process of designing and crafting jewelry with precious metals grabbed his interest, 2 him to choose jewelry design as his path.
However, because Zhang had been inattentive to his studies before, he had to start from the beginning. He spent 3 hours building his skills, practicing everything from drawing and cutting to welding (焊接) and polishing.
考点二 高考英语阅读理解常考的350个形容词和副词汇总
1. absent - 缺席的
2. abundant - 大量的
3. accessible - 可接近的
4. accurate - 精确的
5. adaptable - 能适应的
6. additional - 额外的
7. advanced - 先进的
8. aggressive - 侵略性的
9. agricultural - 农业的
10. allergic - 过敏的
11. ambitious - 雄心勃勃的
12. ancient - 古代的
13. annual - 每年的
14. annoyed - 恼怒的
15. annoying - 令人恼怒的
16. appropriate - 适当的
17. approximate - 大约的
18. artificial - 人造的
19. artistic - 艺术的
20. automatic - 自动的
21. available - 可获得的;可购得的;可找到的有空的
22. awake - 醒着地
23. awkward - 令人尴尬的
24. basic - 基本的
25. beneficial - 有益的
26. brief - 简明的
27. brilliant - 明亮的;聪颖的
28. boring - 无聊的
29. caring - 关心他人的
30. casual - 随便的;漫不经心的
31. cautious - 谨慎的
32. certain - 确实的;确定的
33. challenging - 具有挑战性的
34. changeable - 多变的
35. cheerful - 令人愉快的
36. chemical - 化学的
37. classic - 经典的
38. classical - 古典的
39. commercial - 商业的
40. complex - 复杂的
41. confused - 感到困惑的
42. consistent - 一致的
43. constant - 不断的;连续的
44. content - adj.满意的 n.内容
45. courageous - 勇敢的
46. creative - 创造性的
47. cruel - 残酷的
48. cultural - 文化的
49. curious - 好奇的
50. current - 现在的
51. damp - 潮湿的
52. deaf - 聋的
53. demanding - 要求高的
54. delighted - 高兴的
55. depressing - 令人沮丧的
56. digital - 数字的
57. direct - 直接的
58. dirty - 肮脏的
59. disabled - 残疾的
60. disapproving - 不赞成的
61. disastrous - 灾难性的
62. discontinued - 停产的,终止的
63. discouraging - 令人沮丧的
64. distant - 遥远的
65. diverse - 多种多样的
66. doubtful - 可疑的
67. dull - 迟钝的;枯燥的
68. economic - 经济的
69. emotional - 情感的
70. empty - 空的
71. enviable - 令人羡慕的
72. environmental - 环境的
73. essential - 必要的
74. exact - 准确的
75. excellent - 杰出的
76. exhausting - 使人精疲力竭的
77. experienced - 有经验的
78. familiar - 熟悉的
79. fantastic - 极好的
80. fashionable - 流行的
81. favorable - 赞许的,赞同的
82. fearless - 无畏的
83. fewer - 较少的
84. fierce - 凶猛的;凶残的
85. financial - 金融的
86. fine - 好的
87. flexible - 灵活的;易弯曲的
88. forbidding - 禁止的
89. forceful - 强有力的
90. former - (两者中)前者的
91. freezing - 冰冻的
92. fresh - 新鲜的
93. frightened - 感到害怕的
94. frightening - 令人害怕的
95. frozen - 冰冻的
96. fundamental - 基本的
97. funny - 有趣的
98. generous - 慷慨的
99. gifted - 有天赋的
100. global - 全球的
101. gray - 灰色的
102. healthier - 更加健康
103. heated - 激烈的;热的
104. humanized - 人性化的
105. humorous - 幽默的
106. identical - 完全相同的
107. improper - 不合适的
108. inappropriate - 不恰当的
109. inconsiderate - 不为别人着想的
110. industrial - 工业的
111. initial - 最初的
112. injured - 受伤的
113. insignificant - 无关紧要的
114. insistent - 坚持的;固执的
115. inspiring - 鼓舞人心的
116. intelligent - 聪明的
117. influential - 有影响的
118. irrelevant - 无关的
119. joyful - 高兴的
120. juicy - 多汁的
121. knowledgeable - 知识渊博的
122. leafy - 叶状的
123. leading - 主要的
124. main - 主要的
125. major - 主要的
126. magical - 神奇的
127. meaningful - 有意义的
128. measurable - 可测量的
129. medical - 医学的
130. medium - 中等的
131. mindless - 盲目的,无需动脑筋的
132. monthly - 每月的
133. mysterious - 神秘的
134. native - 本地的
135. negative - 消极的
136. noisy - 嘈杂的
137. objective - 客观的
138. official - 官方的
139. online - 在线
140. opposite - 相反的
141. optimistic - 乐观的
142. organic - 有机的
143. outstanding - 杰出的
144. particular - 不寻常的
145. patient - 有耐心的
146. peaceful - 和平的
147. physical - 身体的
148. pleased - 高兴的
149. plentiful - 大量的
150. poorer - 贫穷的
151. portable - 便携式的
152. potential - 潜在的
153. practical - 实际的
154. present - 目前的,出席的
155. prehistoric - 史前的
156. previous - 以前的
157. primary - 主要的基本的
158. private - 私有的
159. professional - 专业的
160. profitable - 有利可图的
161. punctual - 准时的
162. puzzled - 困惑的
163. rare - 稀有的
164. reasonable - 合理的
165. reflective - 反思的;沉思的
166. regular - 有规律的
167. related - 相关的
168. relaxing - 令人放松的
169. relieved - 感到宽慰的;放心的
170. remarkable - 非凡的
171. remote - 遥远的
172. respectful - 恭敬的
173. responsible - 负责的
174. right - 正确的
175. royal - 皇家的
176. rude - 粗鲁的
177. rural - 农村的
178. scary - 吓人的
179. scientific - 科学的
180. selfless - 无私的
181. selfish - 自私的
182. senior - 级别高的
183. sharp - 锋利的
184. shiny - 闪亮的
185. shocked - 震惊的;受打击的
186. sick - 生病的;想呕吐
187. significant - 重要的;有重大意义的
188. skillful - 熟练的
189. slippery - 滑的
190. sleepy - 困乏的
191. slight - 轻微的
192. smooth - 光滑的,顺利的
193. social - 社会的
194. solar - 太阳的
195. special - 特殊的
196. specific - 具体的
197. spiritual - 精神的
198. stable - 稳定的
199. steady - 稳定的
200. steep - 陡峭的
201. strict - 严格的
202. stubborn - 固执的
203. stupid - 愚蠢的
204. suitable - 合适的
205. supportive - 支持的
206. surprised - 感到惊讶的
207. suspicious - 可疑的;怀疑的
208. sustainable - 可持续的
209. symbolic - 象征性的
210. sympathetic - 同情的
211. systematic - 系统的
212. tasty - 美味的
213. tasteless - 无味的
214. temporary - 暂时的
215. thin - 薄的
216. thoughtful - 思考的;体贴的
217. thrilling - 令人兴奋的
218. tight - 紧的
219. tiny - 微小的
220. tiring - 累人的
221. tolerant - 容忍的;宽容的
222. total - 全部的
223. tough - 艰难的,棘手的;坚强的
224. trembling - 颤抖的
225. troublesome - 麻烦的
226. typical - 典型的
227. unachievable - 无法实现的
228. unbearable - 无法忍受的
229. unbelievable - 难以置信的
230. uncomfortable - 不舒服的
231. unconscious - 无意识
232. underemployed - 未充分就业的
233. underlying - 潜在的;表面下的
234. unemployed - 失业的
235. unexpected - 出乎意料的
236. unfair - 不公正的
237. unique - 独特的
238. unkind - 不友善的
239. unlimited - 无限制的
240. unnecessary - 不必要的
241. unwilling - 不情愿的
242. upset - 沮丧的
243. urban - 城市的
244. valuable - 有价值的
245. various - 各种各样的
246. vast - 巨大的
247. visual - 视觉的
248. weather-beaten - 饱经风霜的
249. wireless - 无线的
250. wiser - 更聪明的
251. wooden - 木制的
252. worthwhile - 值得的
253. abroad - 在国外;
254. abruptly - 突然地
255. actually - 事实上
256. admittedly - 无可否认地
257. ahead - 向前地
258. apparently - 显然地
259. astonishingly - 惊人的
260. cheaply - 便宜地
261. definitely - 肯定;没问题;当然
262. deliberately - 故意的
263. desperately - 绝望地
264. directly - 直接地
265. equally - 同样地
266. especially - 尤其地
267. eventually - 最后
268. exceptionally - 例外地
269. extremely - 极其
270. fortunately - 幸运地
271. forward - 向前地
272. frequently - 频繁地
273. gradually - 逐步地
274. hopefully - 有希望地
275. incredibly - 难以置信地
276. increasingly - 越来越多地
277. mentally - 精神上地
278. obviously - 明显地
279. originally - 原来,起初
280. overtime - 超时地
281. politely - 有礼貌地
282. probably - 可能
283. purposefully - 有目的地
284. rapidly - 迅速地
285. rarely - 很少地
286. relatively - 相当地;相对地
287. roughly - 粗略地
288. simply - 简单地
289. still - 仍然
290. surprisingly - 惊人地
291. sympathetically - 同情地
292. therefore - 因此
293. thoroughly - 彻底地
294. truly - 真正地
295. undoubtedly - 毋庸置疑地
296. urgently - 紧急地
297. widely - 广泛地
298. wildly - 疯狂地
299. abstract (抽象的)
300.arbitrary (武断的,随意的)
301. compulsory (强制的,义务的)
302.concrete (具体的) - 常与abstract对比出现
303.controversial (有争议的)
304.conventional (传统的)
305.fragile (脆弱的)
306.innovative (创新的)
307.profound (深刻的)
308. subjective (主观的) - 与objective互补
309. absolute (绝对的)
310. ashamed (羞愧的)
311. bare (裸露的;基本的)
312. bitter (苦的;痛苦的)
313. blank (空白的;茫然的)
314. calm (平静的)
315.civil (公民的;文明的)
316. confident (自信的)
317.conscious (有意识的)
318. contrary (相反的)
319. convenient (方便的)
320.crazy (疯狂的)
321. critical (批判的;关键的)
322. crucial (至关重要的) - 替代important
323. delicious (美味的)
324. eager (渴望的)
325.effective (有效的)
326.efficient (高效的)
327.flat (平的;瘪的电池)
328. formal (正式的)
329. frank (坦率的)
330. guilty (内疚的)
331. humble (谦逊的)
332. ideal (理想的)
333. immense (巨大的) - 替代vast
334. altogether (总共)
335. anyhow (无论如何)
336. besides (此外)
337. hence (因此)
338. moreover (而且)
339. namely (即)
340. somehow (以某种方式)
341. somewhat (有点)
342. wherever (无论哪里)
343. modest (谦虚的;适度的)
344. normal (正常的)
345. ordinary (普通的) - 与extraordinary对比
346. precious (珍贵的)
347. raw (生的;原始的)
348. secure (安全的)
349. sensitive (敏感的)
350. vital (至关重要的)
(24-25高三上·北京海淀·期末)As global temperatures continue to rise due to human-induced climate change, precise computerized climate models will be crucial in shedding light on how our climate will evolve in the coming years.
A study published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres by Chloe Clark and her team from UC Irvine highlights a significant issue with a commonly used climate model known as the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM). The research reveals that this model currently overestimates a key physical property of Earth’s climate system called albedo, which is the degree to which ice reflects planet-warming sunlight into space.
Albedo is a measure of the reflectivity of a surface, expressed as the fraction of incoming solar radiation that is reflected by that surface back into space. It is a critical factor in determining Earth’s climate and energy balance. Surfaces with high albedo, such as snow and ice, reflect a large portion of solar energy, whereas darker surfaces like forests or oceans absorb more solar energy.
“We found that with old model versions, the ice is too reflective by about five percent,” said Chloe Clarke, “Ice reflectivity was much too high.”
The amount of sunlight the planet receives and reflects is important for estimating how much the planet will warm in the coming years. Previous versions of E3SM overestimated albedo because they failed to account for microphysical properties of ice in a warming world. These properties include the effects things like algae (藻类) and dust have on albedo. Dark colored algae and dust can make snow and ice less reflective and less able to reflect sunlight.
To do the analysis, Clarke and her team studied satellite data to track the albedo of the Greenland Ice Sheet. They found E3SM overestimates the reflectivity of the ice sheet, meaning the model estimates less melt than what would be expected from the ice microphysical properties. But with the new ice reflectivity incorporated into the model, they discovered the Greenland Ice Sheet is melting at a rate of about six gigatons more than in older model versions. This is based on albedo measurements that are more consistent with satellite observations.
Clarke hopes her team’s study stresses the importance of the seemingly minuscule properties that can have far-reaching consequences for the overall climate. “I think our work is going to help models do a much better job of helping us capture snow and ice-related climate feedbacks,” she said.
Next, Clarke wants to study different icy parts of the planet to calculate how widespread the albedo discrepancy (差异) is in E3SM. “Our next steps are to get it so the model is functional globally and not just valid over Greenland,” said Clarke, who also intends to compare the new Greenland Ice Sheet melt rates to observations to measure how much more accurate the new ice albedo is. “It would be useful to apply it to glaciers in places like the Andes and Alaska.”
1.According to the passage, albedo ______.
A.changes with the lightness of surfaces
B.matches up with the shape of the ice or snow
C.is a measure of the solar energy arriving at the surface
D.varies with the direction of the incoming solar radiation
2.What can be learned from the passage?
A.The new model is more reliable than satellite observations.
B.The previous model versions overestimate Greenland melt.
C.Model adaptation improves the accuracy of climate predictions.
D.Scientists have used the model globally to reduce the discrepancy.
3.What does the underlined word “minuscule” in Paragraph 7 probably mean?
A.Tiny. B.Invisible. C.Plain. D.Stable.
4.The last paragraph is written to ______.
A.note the limitations of the finding B.point out further research directions
C.illustrate the benefits of a new approach D.sum up the changes made in E3SM
考点三 高考英语形容词和副词知识点梳理
Group 1
1.aboard /əˈbɔːd/prep.& adv. 在 (船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等) 上,上 (船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等)
【搭配】All aboard! 请大家上车 (或船等)!
aboard (a ship/plane/train, etc.)
on board= board a ship/plane/train, etc. 上 (船、飞机、火车等)
2.about /əˈbaʊt/adv. ①到处,各处;②周围,附近;③大约,左右 prep. ①关于,对于;②在…… 附近;③在…… 各处
【搭配】be about to do sth. 即将 / 正要做某事 (不与具体的时间状语连用,但可与 when 连用)
How/What about...? …… 怎么样?
3.abroad /əˈbrɔːd/adv. 到国外,在国外
【搭配】at home and abroad 在国内外
from abroad 从国外
go abroad 到国外去,出国
abroad
用作副词,主要表示“在国外,到国外,(消息、谣言等)广为流传”
aboard
用作副词和介词,意为“在(船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等)上,上(船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等)”
4.absent adj. /ˈæbsənt/ ①缺席,不在;②缺少,不存在;③出神的,心不在焉的 vt. /æbˈsent/ 缺席,不在,不参加
【搭配】be absent from sth. 不在……,缺席……
absent oneself from sth. 不参加……,缺席……
如: He absented himself from school yesterday. 昨天他没有去上学。
5.accurate /ˈækjərət/adj. ①正确无误的;②精确的,准确的
【联想】accuracy n. 准确 (性),精确 (程度)
accurately adv. 准确地,精确地
6.afraid /əˈfreɪd/adj. ①担心 (会发生某事);②害怕,畏惧
【搭配】be afraid of (doing) sth. 担心……,害怕……
be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事
I am afraid (that)... 恐怕……(用于推测不好或令人失望的事)
【一言巧辨】Mr.Black was afraid to climb the tree, for he was afraid of falling down from it. 布莱克先生不敢爬树,因为他怕从树上掉下来。
7.alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/adj. ①可供替代的,另外的,两者择一的;②另类的 n. 可供选择的事物
8.anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/adj. ①焦虑的,忧虑的,担心的;②令人焦虑的;③渴望,非常希望
【搭配】be anxious about 挂念,担忧
be anxious for 渴望得到某事物
be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事
be anxious for sb.to do sth. 希望某人做某事
【联想】anxiety n. 焦虑,忧虑
anxiously adv. 忧虑地,焦虑地
Group 2
1.available /əˈveɪləbl/adj. ①可得到的,可买到的;②可利用的,有帮助的;③有空的
2.awake /əˈweɪk/adj. (不作前置定语) 醒着的,清醒的,意识到的 v. (awoke, awoken) ①醒来,唤醒;②(记忆等) 被唤起,意识到
【搭配】stay awake 醒着
awake or asleep 无论醒着还是睡着
awake to sth. 意识到
3.aware /əˈweə(r)/adj. (作表语)①知道,明白;②察觉到;③有…… 意识的
【搭配】be (fully) aware of/that... (完全) 意识到 / 察觉到……
如:New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to £15, 000 in debt. 新生现在意识到他们可能离开大学的时候负债会达到 15 000 英镑。
【联想】awareness n. 知道,认识,意识,兴趣
4.awful /ˈɔːfl/adj. ①很坏的,极讨厌的;②非常的,过多的;③骇人听闻的
【联想】awfully adv. 非常,极其
5.brief /briːf/adj. ①短暂的;②简洁的,简单的
【搭配】in brief 简言之;一言以蔽之
【联想】briefly adv. 短暂地,暂时地,简要地
6.complex /ˈkɒmpleks/adj. ①复杂的,难懂的;②复合的 n. 相关联的一组事物,建筑群
7.confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/adj. ①有自信心的,自信的;②确信的
【联想】confidence n. 自信
8.convenient /kənˈviːniənt/adj. 方便的,省事的,便利的
【搭配】It + be + convenient (for sb.) to do sth. (某人) 方便做某事
【联想】convenience n. [C] 便利的事物,便利的设施;[U] 方便,便利
9.conventional /kənˈvenʃənl/adj. ①依照惯例的,墨守成规的;②传统的,习惯的
10.crazy /ˈkreɪzi/adj. 疯狂的,狂热的,着迷的,热衷的
【搭配】be crazy about 对…… 着迷,热衷于
like crazy 发狂似的
go crazy 发疯
drive sb.crazy 把某人逼疯
Group 3
1.curious /ˈkjʊəriəs/adj. ①好奇的,求知欲强的;②稀奇古怪,不寻常
【搭配】(be/become) curious about sth. 对某事好奇
be curious to do sth. 很想做某事
【联想】curiously adv. 好奇地,稀奇古怪地
curiosity n. 好奇 (心),奇物,奇事
2.deep /diːp/adj. ①深的,厚的;②深处的;③深切的,强烈的;④渊博的,深刻的 adv. 至深处,深深地
【搭配】be deep in 陷入 (某种境界)
deep into the night 到深夜
【联想】deep 与 deeply 都可作副词,表示 “深深地”。但是 deep 表示具体的深度概念,而 deeply 表示抽象的深度概念。
depth n. 深度
deepen v. 加深,变深
【一言巧辨】We were all deeply shocked when we heard that some workers were buried deep in the well. 当我们得知一些工人被深埋井下时都深感震惊。
3.diverse /daɪˈvɜːs/adj. 不同的,相异的,多种多样的
【联想】diversity n. 差异 (性),多样性
4.drunk /drʌŋk/adj. ①(酒) 醉;②陶醉,忘乎所以
【搭配】be drunk with 陶醉,沉醉
get blind/dead drunk 烂醉如泥
as drunk as a lord 烂醉如泥
5.eager /ˈiːɡə(r)/adj. 渴望的,热切的,渴求的
【搭配】(be) eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
如:A girl’s closest friend, however, might be eager to tell her about something that has happened in her life. 然而,一个女孩的密友则可能会迫不及待地向她吐露自己生活中发生过的一些事。
(be) eager for sth. 渴望得到……
【联想】eagerly adv. 急切地
6.easy /ˈiːzi/adj. ①容易的;②舒适的,安逸的;③担心的,不紧张的 adv. 小心,慢些,轻点
【搭配】free and easy 轻松的,不拘礼节的
easier said than done 说时容易做时难
take it easy ①别急;②放松,别过分劳累
【联想】easygoing adj. 随和的
easily adv. 容易地,轻松地
ease n. 安逸,舒适 v. 减轻,清除
with ease 无困难地,轻而易举地
at (one's) ease 轻松地,悠闲地
7.embarrassed /ɪmˈbærəst/adj. 尴尬的,窘迫的
【联想】embarrass v. 使窘迫,使尴尬
embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的,使人难堪的
embarrassment n. 困境,尴尬,难堪
8.empty /ˈempti/adj. 空的,无意义的,空洞的 v. 倒空,变空,流入
【搭配】empty into 注入,流入,涌进
empty out 把…… 倒空
9.enough /ɪˈnʌf/adj. 足够的,充分的 adv. ①足够地,充分地;②十分,很;③相当 pron. 足够,充足
【搭配】not enough...to do sth. 没有足够的…… 来做……
主语 + cannot + be + adj + enough 无论怎样…… 也不过分,越…… 越好
enough for 对…… 足够的
strangely enough 奇怪的是
sure enough 果然
10.enthusiastic /ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk/adj. 热情的,热心的,满腔热忱的
【联想】enthusiasm n. 热情,热心
enthusiastically adv. 热心地,热情地,满腔热忱地
Group 4
1.equal /ˈiːkwəl/adj. 平等的,同等的 n. [C] 同等的人,相等物 v. ①等于,与…… 相等;②比得上,敌得过
【搭配】be equal to doing sth. 能胜任做某事,能应付
without equal 无比,无敌
be equal to 与…… 相等,平等;与某物同样出色,比得上某物
be equal to sb.in sth. 在…… 方面与某人匹敌
【联想】[反] unequal adj. 不平等的,不相符的
equally adv. 同样地,相同地
equality n. 平等,相等
2.especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/adv. ①尤其,特别;②十分,非常
【一言巧辨】He went specially to see her in such an especially hot summer. 在这样一个特别炎热的夏天,他特意去看她。
3.ever /ˈevə(r)/adv. ①从来,在任何时候;②总是,不断地,始终;③到底,究竟;④曾经,以往任何时候
【搭配】ever since 自从
for ever 永远
ever after 以后一直
as...as ever 和往常一样……
as ever 仍旧,照常
4.familiar /fəˈmɪliə(r)/adj. ①熟悉的,常见到的;②熟悉,通晓
【搭配】(be) familiar to sb. 为某人所熟悉
(be) familiar with sth. 熟悉某事
【联想】familiarity n. 亲密,熟悉
5.famous /ˈfeɪməs/adj. 著名的,出名的
【搭配】be famous for 以…… 而著名
be famous as 作为…… 而著名
【联想】fame n. 名气,名声
fantastic /fænˈtæstɪk/adj. ①极好的,了不起的;②怪诞的
6.far /fɑː(r)/ (farther, farthest; further, furthest) adv. ①远;②(问到或谈及距离时说) 有多远,远 (至);③非常,远远,很大程度上 adj. ①远端的;②远的,遥远的
【搭配】as far as 就…… 而言,远到……
by far 大大地,…… 得多
far from (doing) sth. 几乎相反,远非
so far 到目前为止,仅到一定程度
far away 遥远地
be left far behind 被远远落在后面
【一言巧辨】As far as I know,the railway reaches as far as the next town. 就我所知,这条铁路一直延伸到下一个城镇。
So far it has been by far the tallest building in the city. 到目前为止,它是这座城里最高的建筑物。
7.free /friː/adj. ①自由的;②不受…… 影响的;③空闲的;④免费的 vt. ①释放,使自由;②解除,清除
【搭配】be free from/of sth. 不受…… 影响
free sb.from sth. 将某人从…… 中释放出来,使…… 解除……
free sb.of sth. 使…… 解除……
for free 免费
set free 释放
free and easy 轻松,自由自在
【联想】freely adv. 自由地
Group 4
1.general /ˈdʒenrəl/adj. ①普通的,一般的,大众的;②总的,全面的;③大体的,笼统的 n. 将军
【搭配】in general 一般来说,大体上
as a general rule 在一般情况下
general knowledge 常识
general education 普通教育
【联想】generally adv. 大体上,普遍地,广泛地,通常
2.good /ɡʊd/adj. (better, best) ①优质的,好的;②令人愉快的;③精通的;④合适的;⑤(对……) 有用,有好处;⑥助人为乐的 n. ①[U] 好处;②[U] 善行
【搭配】as good as 几乎,与…… 几乎一样
be good at 擅长于……
be good for 对…… 有好处
be good to 对…… 好
for the good of 为了…… 的利益
It’s no good doing sth. 做…… 无用
Group 5
1.guilty /ˈɡɪlti/adj. ①感到内疚的;②有罪责的,有过失的
【搭配】(be/feel) guilty about/at sth. 对…… 感到内疚
(be) guilty of sth. 对…… 负有责任,有…… 过失的
have a guilty conscience 问心有愧,做贼心虚
2.instead /ɪnˈsted/adv. 代替,顶替,反而,却
【搭配】instead of 代替,作为…… 的替换
3.kind /kaɪnd/adj. ①友好的,体贴的;②[用] 客气请求或命令 n. [C,U] 种类,同类的人 (或事物)
【搭配】be kind (of sb.) to do sth. (某人) 好心做……
be kind to sb./sth. 对…… 友好
all kinds of... 各种各样的……
kind of 稍微,有几分,有点儿
of a kind ①不怎么样,徒有其名;②同一类的,类似的
【联想】kindness n. 仁慈
4.late /leɪt/adj. ①迟到;②近日暮的,近深夜的;③接近末期的,晚年的;④已故的 adv. ①晚,迟;②接近末期,在晚年
【搭配】at the latest 最晚,至迟
sooner or later 迟早
【联想】lately adv. 最近,近来
later adj. 后来的 adv. 后来,随后
latest adj. 最近的,最新的
【一言巧辨】He got up late yesterday and when later he got to school, he found he was half an hour late. 他昨天起得晚,之后当他到学校的时候,发现自己迟到了半个小时。
least /liːst/adj.& pron. 最少的,最小的 adv. 最小,最少,微不足道
【搭配】at least 至少,不少于
last but not least 最后但同样重要的
at the (very) least (用于数量之后) 至少,最少
not in the least 一点也不,丝毫不
least of all 尤其 (多用于否定意义的句子中)
5.little /ˈlɪtl/adj. ①小的,比较小的;②短暂的;③年幼的,幼小的 adv. (less, least)①稍许,略微;②少许,一点,少量 det.& pron. ①(与不可数名词连用) 不多的;②(与不可数名词连用) 少量的,一些
【搭配】a little (bit) 少量,一些
little by little 逐渐地,一点一点地
not a little 非常,相当多的
6.long /lɒŋ/adj. ①长的;②长期的,长久的 adv. 长久地,长期地 vi. 渴望
【搭配】long for sb./sth. 渴望得到……
long to do sth. 渴望做……
no longer/not any longer 不再,不复
so/as long as 只要
7.magic /ˈmædʒɪk/adj. ①有魔力的;②好极了;③神奇的 n. ①魔法;②魔力
【联想】magical adj. 有魔力的,奇妙的
8.magician n. 魔术师
9.mature /məˈtʃʊə(r)/adj. ①成熟的;②成年的;③技艺精湛的
10.merely /ˈmɪəli/adv. 仅仅,只不过
【联想】mere adj. 仅仅的,只不过
Group 6
1.more /mɔː(r)/adj. (many, much 的比较级)(数、量等) 更多的,更大的 adv. ①(与两个或两个以上音节的形容词或副词连用,构成比较级) 更;②(程度上) 更强,更多
【搭配】more and more (数量上) 越来越多
more or less 几乎,差不多,大约,大概
much more 更加
more than 多于
more...than... 与其说…… 倒不如说……
not more than 至多,不超过
no more than 仅仅,不过
no more (= not...any more) 不再
the more...the more... 越…… 越……
what is more 更有甚者,更为重要的是
数词 + more + n. 又,再
【一言巧辨】He worked no more than a week, so he could get not more than 100 yuan. 他只干了一个星期,因此他至多能得到一百元。
第二部分
2.most /məʊst/adj.& pron. (many,much 的最高级)①(数量上) 最多,最大;②几乎所有,大多数 adv. ①(与两个或两个以上音节的形容词或副词连用,构成最高级) 最;②(程度上) 最大,最多,最高;③非常
【搭配】at (the) most 至多,不超过
make the most of 充分利用
3.much /mʌtʃ/adj.& pron. 许多,大量 adv. 很,非常
【搭配】as much as 和…… 一样多,多达
as much as one can do 尽某人最大努力
too much for sb. 非某人力所能及
how much 多少,什么价钱,到什么程度
much as 尽管,虽然
much too 太……
so much for 到此为止
too much 太多
【一言巧辨】I've got too much work to do on a much too cold winter night. 在一个非常寒冷的冬夜,我有太多的工作要做。
4.narrow /ˈnærəʊ/adj. ①狭窄的;②勉强的 n. 使窄小,变窄,缩小
【搭配】a narrow escape 九死一生
【联想】narrowly adv. 勉强地,狭隘地
5.native /ˈneɪtɪv/adj. ①出生地的;②本地的,当地的 n. 本地人,当地人
【搭配】be native to 土产的,原产于某地的
6.near /nɪə(r)/adj. ①距离近,不远;②接近的 adv. ①在附近;②接近 prep. 在…… 附近,靠近 v. (时间或空间上) 接近,靠近
【搭配】near to 接近
【联想】nearly adv. 几乎,差不多,将近
not nearly 远非,绝不是
7.neat /niːt/adj. ①有序的,整洁的;②简洁的
8.necessary /ˈnesəsəri/adj. ①必要的,必需的;②无法避免的,必然的
【搭配】if necessary 如果有必要的话
It's necessary (for sb.) to do sth. = It's necessary that... (某人) 有必要做某事
如:It's necessary that teachers (should) learn some knowledge of modern teaching. 教师学一些现代教学知识是有必要的。
【联想】necessity n. 必要,必需品
9. nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/adj. ①焦虑的;②神经质的
【联想】nerve n. 神经,勇气
nervousness n. 惶恐不安
nervously adv. 紧张地
10.never /ˈnevə(r)/adv. ①从不,绝不;②一点都不,从未
【联想】never 是否定副词,位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装结构。
Group 7
1.now /naʊ/adv. ①现在,目前;②现在,从现在开始
【搭配】(every) now and again/then 偶尔,有时,时常
from now on 从现在起
just now 现在,刚才
for now 目前,暂时
now that 既然,由于
如:Now that you have already known how to write a letter in English, it is easier to keep in touch with your uncle in the USA. 既然你已经知道如何用英语写信,跟你在美国的叔叔保持联系就简单多了。
right now 立刻,马上
up to now 到现在为止
2.nowhere /ˈnəʊweə(r)/adv. 哪里都不,无处
【搭配】nowhere near 远非,绝不是
【联想】nowhere 放在句首时,句子部分倒装。
3.once /wʌns/adv. ①仅一次;②曾经,曾 conj. 一旦,一…… 就
【搭配】all at once 突然,忽然
at once 立即,马上,同时
(just) for once/just this once 仅此一次
more than once 不止一次
once again/once more 再一次
once in a while 偶尔地,间或
once or twice 一两次
Once bitten, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。
4.optimistic /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/adj. ①乐观的;②抱乐观看法的
【搭配】be optimistic about sth. 对某事持有乐观的态度
【联想】optimism n. 乐观主义
optimist n. 乐天派,乐观的人
optimistical adj. 乐观的
optimistically adv. 乐观地
(反) pessimistic adj. 悲观的,悲观主义的
5.otherwise /ˈʌðəwaɪz/adv. ①否则,不然;②以其他方式;③除此以外
【搭配】and otherwise 等等,及其他
or otherwise 或其他情况,或相反
6.own /əʊn/adj.& pron. ①(用于强调) 自己的,本人的;②自己做的,为自己的 vt. 拥有,有 (尤指买来的东西)
【搭配】hold your own (against sb./sth.) (in sth.) 坚守立场,(使自己) 立于不败之地
of one's own 属于某人自己的
(all) on one's own 独自,单独,独立地
【联想】owner n. 物主,所有权人,主人
ownership n. 所有权,产权,物主身份
7. particular /pəˈtɪkjələ(r)/adj. ①特别的,格外的;②挑剔,讲究
【搭配】be particular about 对…… 挑剔
如:We went into a big shop, but Tony was very particular about toys. 我们进了一家大商店,但托尼对玩具特别挑剔。
in particular 特别,尤其
【联想】particularly adv. 尤其,特别
8.patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/adj. 有耐心的,能忍耐的 n. [C] 病人,接受治疗者
【搭配】be patient with sb./sth. 对某人有耐心或对某事有毅力
【联想】patience n. 耐心,忍耐力
(反) impatient adj. 没有耐心的
impatiently adv. 没有耐心地
9.possible /ˈpɒsəbl/adj. ①可能,能做到或取得;②可能存在 (或发生) 的;③可接受的,合理的
【搭配】as...as possible 尽可能……
if possible 如果可能的话
【联想】possibility n. 可能性,可能
possibly adv. 或许,可能
(反) impossible adj. 不可能的
10.potential /pəˈtenʃl/adj. 潜在的,可能的 n. 潜力,潜质
【搭配】have potential for... 在某方面有潜力
Group 8
1.previous /ˈpriːviəs/adj. ①先前的,以往的;②(时间上) 稍前的
【搭配】previous to 在…… 之前
2. primary /ˈpraɪməri/adj. ①最早的,最初的;②小学教育的,初等教育的;③基本的,最重要的
【联想】primarily adv. 主要地,根本地
3.random /ˈrændəm/adj. 随机的,随意的
【搭配】at random 任意地,随意地
4.regular /ˈreɡjələ(r)/adj. ①有规律的,定时的;②频繁的,经常做 (或发生) 的;③平常的,通常的
【联想】regularly adv. 有规律地,经常,均匀地
irregular adj. 没有规律的,不规则的
regularity n. 规律性,经常性
5.relevant /ˈreləvənt/adj. 贴切的,紧密相关的
【搭配】be relevant to 与…… 相关
6.remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/adj. 非凡的,奇异的,显著的
【联想】remark n. & v. 谈论,评论
remarkably adv. 引人注目地,明显地
7.same /seɪm/adj. ①相同的,同一的;②一模一样的 adv. 同样 pron. 同样的事物
【搭配】all/just the same 尽管如此,虽是这样
at the same time 同时,与此同时
the same as... 与…… 相同
(the) same to you 你也一样
8.secure /sɪˈkjʊə(r)/adj. ①安全的;②安心的;③牢靠的,稳固的 vt. ①获得;②保护;③栓牢,扣紧
【联想】security n. 安全,抵押品
9.senior /ˈsiːniə(r)/adj. ①地位高的;②高级水平的;③年纪大的;④毕业年级的 n. ①上司;②较…… 年长的人;③高年级学生
【搭配】be senior to 比…… 地位高,比…… 年长
10.separate /ˈseprət/adj. ①分开的,单独的,独立的;②不相关的 /ˈsepəreɪt/v. ①分割,(使) 分开;②(使) 分离,分散;③区别,区分
【搭配】separate...from... 使…… 和…… 分离
go your separate ways 分道扬镳,断绝往来
【联想】separately adv. 分别地,单独地
separation n. 分离,隔开
如: ...this unjust separation of people on the basis of skin colour was challenged....... 这种基于肤色的不公正的人群隔离受到了质疑。
Group 9
1.serious /ˈsɪəriəs/adj. ①严重的,有危险的;②重要的,须重视的;③严肃的,稳重的
【搭配】be serious about 对…… 严肃
I'm serious. 我是认真的
You can't be serious! 你一定是在开玩笑吧!
2.short /ʃɔːt/v. 无明确释义(推测为排版或录入残留 ) adj. ①短的;②个子矮的;③短缺,不足 adv. 缺少,不足
【搭配】be short of 短缺,不足
【联想】shortly adv. 不久,立刻
shortly after/before... …… 之后 / 之前不久
shortage n. 短缺,缺少
3.significant /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/adj. 重要的,有重大意义的,显著的
【联想】significance n. 重要性,意义
insignificant adj. 不重要的
significantly adv. 有重大意义地,显著地
4.similar /ˈsɪmələ(r)/adj. 相仿的,相像的
【搭配】be similar to 与…… 相像
如:Mary’s hat is similar to Jane’s. 玛丽的帽子和简的差不多。
be similar in 在…… 方面相似
【联想】similarity n. 相似性、相似处
similarly adv. 类似地;同样
(反) different adj. 不同的
5.smooth /smuːð/adj. ①光滑的;②平稳的 vt. 使平整,使平滑
【搭配】smooth away 消除,克服
smooth the way 铺平道路
smoothly adv. 平稳地,顺利地
6.soon /suːn/adv. ①不久,很快;②早,快
【搭配】as soon as 一…… 就
如:Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a larger one as soon as it becomes available. 暂时先用这间房子,我们一有大的就给你换。
no sooner...than 一…… 就,刚…… 就
sooner or later 迟早,早晚有一天
the sooner the better 尽早,越快越好
as soon as possible/as soon as you can 尽快
no sooner said than done 说干就干
7.sure /ʃʊə(r)/adj. ①确信,有把握;②一定,无疑 (将会得到或发生);③一定,无疑 (会做或会发生);④确切的,可靠的 adv. ①当然;②不用客气;③(加强语气) 确实,的确
【搭配】make sure 确保,设法保证
be sure of (doing) sth. 一定会……
be sure to do sth. 一定要,务必 (去做某事)
to be sure 诚然,固然,无可否认
for sure 无疑,肯定
【联想】surely adv. 当然,必定,想必
8.though /ðəʊ/adv. 可是,然而,不过 conj. 虽然,尽管,即使 (though 引导的让步状语从句可以和副词 yet 连用,但不能和 but 连用)
【搭配】as though/if 好像,仿佛
even though/if 即使,纵然
如:Even though the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. 尽管森林公园离得很远,但是每年仍有很多游客会去游览。
9.tired /ˈtaɪəd/adj. ①疲劳的,疲倦的;②厌烦,厌倦;③陈旧的
【搭配】be tired with sth. 由于…… 而疲倦
be tired of sb./sth./doing sth. 对…… 感到厌倦
如:After two years, Perugia got tired of waiting to be paid, and tried to sell the painting. 两年后,佩鲁贾厌倦了等待要钱,想卖掉这幅画。
【联想】tiring adj. 使人疲劳的,令人困倦的
tiredness n. 困倦,疲倦
tire v. (使) 疲劳,疲倦
10.tough /tʌf/adj. 坚韧不拔的,坚强的,棘手的,艰难的
【联想】toughen v. (使) 坚硬,使更坚强
toughly adv. 坚强地,顽强地
toughness n. 坚强,结实;费力,累人
Group 10
1.typical /ˈtɪpɪkl/adj. ①典型的,有代表性的;②一贯的,平常的;③不出所料,特有的
【搭配】be typical of... 是…… 的特点
It is typical of sb.to do sth. 做某事是某人的一贯作风。
如: Jack is late again. It is typical of him to keep others waiting. 杰克又迟到了,他一贯让别人等他。
【联想】typically adv. 典型地,一般,不出所料
2.upset /ʌpˈset/adj. 难过,不高兴 /ʌpˈset/v. ①使烦恼,使心烦意乱;②打乱,搅乱;③打翻,碰倒
【搭配】It upsets sb.to do sth. 做某事让某人生气 / 烦恼
It upsets sb.that... 让某人烦恼 / 生气
be upset about/at/that... 因…… 而生气 / 烦恼
3.urgent /ˈɜːdʒənt/adj. ①紧急的,迫切的;②催促的,急切的
【联想】urgently adv. 急切地,迫切地
urgency n. 紧急,迫切
4.usual /ˈjuːʒuəl/adj. 通常的,寻常的
【搭配】as usual 照例,照旧,像往常一样
【联想】usually adv. 通常地,一般地,经常地 (注意 usually 与 always,often,sometimes,seldom 在频度上的区别)
5.vital /ˈvaɪtl/adj. ①对…… 极重要的,必不可少的;②生气勃勃的,充满生机的
【搭配】be vital to/for sth. 对…… 来说至关重要
It is vital that... …… 至关重要。
6.welcome /ˈwelkəm/adj. 受欢迎的 v. 欢迎
【搭配】sb.be welcome to do sth. 乐于让某人做某事
welcome sb.to someplace 欢迎某人来某处
You are welcome! 别客气!/ 不用谢!
7.worth /wɜːθ/adj. ①有…… 价值;②(指行动) 值得;③值得 (费周折);④拥有…… 价值的财产 n. [U] ①价值 (十元、40 英镑等) 的东西;②作用,价值;③能用 (一个星期、一个月等) 的东西
【搭配】(1) worth + money 表示 “值…… 钱”。
(2) Sth.is (well) worth doing 意为 “……(很) 值得做”,虽然 do 与 sth. 为动宾关系,但在这个句型中动词 —ing 的主动形式表示被动意义。
如:The film is well worth seeing. 这部影片很值得一看。
(3) It is worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的。it 为形式主语,动词 —ing 短语为真正的主语。
【联想】worthless adj. 无价值的,无用的
8.worthwhile /ˈwɜːθwaɪl/adj. 值得花时间 / 努力的
【联想】It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth. 做某事是值得的。it 为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式短语 / 动词 —ing 短语。
9.worthy /ˈwɜːði/adj. 值得 (或应得)…… 的
【联想】Sth.is worthy of being done. 某事值得做。(do 与 sth. 为动宾关系,动词 —ing 用被动式)
Sth.is worthy to be done. 某事值得做。(do 与 sth. 为动宾关系,不定式用被动式)
10.wrong /rɒŋ/adj. ①有毛病,不正常;②不正确的;③不道德,不诚实;④不合适的,不适当的 adv. 不正确,错误地 n. [U] ①不义行为,欺骗行径;②[C] 犯罪,罪恶
【搭配】get sb.wrong 误解,误会某人
get sth.wrong ①误解,曲解某事;②把…… 搞错
go wrong ①犯错误,做错事;②发生故障,出毛病;③出现问题,遇到困难
do sb.wrong = do wrong to sb. 误解某人,对待某人不公平
What’s wrong (with...)? (……) 怎么了?/ 出什么问题了?
(24-25高三上·北京石景山·期末)Mia was known for her love of art. Every Friday, she and her classmates would gather in the art room for “Creative Hour”, a time to explore their 21 .
One day, the art teacher announced a competition where each student would create a painting that represented their dream for the future. Mia was excited but 22 . She wanted her painting to be perfect, reflecting her dream of a world where everyone could express themselves freely. As she began drawing, she felt weighed down by the pressure to 23 her classmates. Her friend Jake noticed her 24 and approached her.
“Why not just have fun with it?” he suggested. “Let your creativity flow!”
25 by Jake’ s words, Mia decided to focus on the joy of creating rather than 26 . As she drew, her painting came alive with bright colours, featuring dancing figures and drifting clouds. The art room was filled with laughter and chatter as everyone poured their hearts into their creations.
On the day the artworks were shown, Mia experienced a mix of excitement and anxiety. As the covering was lifted, her classmates burst into cheers, 27 by the joy and energy of her painting. At that time, Mia realized the competition didn’t 28 ; what truly counted was the bond and creativity they shared. Art was not just about perfection, but about 29 and joy. The painting became a lasting 30 of friendship and self-expression in their school, inspiring students to pursue their own dreams.
21.A.limits B.imaginations C.ambitions D.motivations
22.A.disappointed B.astonished C.worried D.scared
23.A.admire B.accompany C.impress D.convince
24.A.curiosity B.struggle C.passion D.failure
25.A.Amazed B.Annoyed C.Challenged D.Inspired
26.A.regretting B.checking C.winning D.appreciating
27.A.attracted B.supported C.pushed D.controlled
28.A.exist B.change C.improve D.matter
29.A.competition B.connection C.competence D.contribution
30.A.symbol B.manner C.policy D.desire
考点四 阅读理解高频动词290词汇总
高考阅读常考—动词(290)
常考词
汉语
常考词
汉语
accumulate
积累
force
v.强迫
n.武力;暴力;力
affect
影响
foster
培养
analyze
分析
gain
获得
apologize
道歉
gather
聚集
approach
v. 靠近,接近
n. 方法; 靠近
graduate
毕业
assist
帮助
grasp
抓住
attack
攻击; 进攻
greet
打招呼
attend
出席; 注意;专心
guarantee
保证
benefit
v. 使受益;得益于
n.利益
guide
v.指引;指导
n.指南;手册; 导游
campaign
v.参加运动
n.运动;活动
handle
v.处理 n.把手
comfort
v.安慰n.舒服;安逸
hesitate
犹豫
comment
v.评论n.议论;评论
hide
隐藏
confirm
确认
hire
雇用
consume
消耗,耗费
hunt
打猎
count
数数;计算;重要
ignore
忽视
cure
治愈
fight
战斗;打仗
delay
延迟
import
进口
drop
v. 落下,掉下终止
n.滴
indicate
表明
encourage
鼓励
infect
感染
entertain
招待,款待;使快乐
infer
推断
escape
逃跑
inform
通知;告知
evaluate
评价
intend
打算;计划
exhibit
展览
interrupt
打断
experience
n.经验;经验
v.经历;经受
interview
采访;面试
fail
失败
introduce
介绍;引进
fit
适合
invent
发明
forecast
预测
invest
投资
form
v.成形; 产生
n.形式; 表格
fade
褪色;变淡,变暗
frighten
吓唬
kick
踢
handle
v. 处理 n.手柄
knock
敲
ignore
忽视
lead
领导
implant
植入
leak
泄漏
imply
暗指;说明
march
前进
impress
给…留下深刻的好印象
master
v.精通;掌握n.主人
introduce
介绍;引进
matter
v.事关紧要;要紧
n. 问题
involve
涉及;参与
measure
v.测量 n.措施;方法
kick
踢
memorize
记住
match
v.匹配
n.火柴;比赛
mislead
误导
prohibit
禁止
mix
混合
promote
促进
motivate
使有动机
publish
出版
note
v.注意;留意;指出
n.笔记
raise
提升,举起,筹集
obey
服从
recover
恢复;找回
object
v. 反对n.物体; 对象
refresh
使恢复精力
observe
观察;遵守
reject
拒绝
obtain
获得
represent
代表
offer
提供
require
要求
operate
操作;做手术
rescue
营救
oppose
反对
research
研究
organize
组织
respond
回应
originate
起源
return
返回
outbreak
爆发
risk
n.危险v.冒…风险
output
输出
ruin
v.毁坏;破坏n.废墟
overcome
克服
run
跑步;管理;经营
overhear
窃听器
seek
寻求
overlook
偶然听到
sentence
v.判刑 n.句子
perform
表演;执行
serve
服务
permit
许可
store
v.储存 n.商店
persuade
说服
suspect
v.怀疑n.嫌疑人
please
使高兴;请
transport
运输
point
v. 指,指向;瞄准
n.论点;观点
weigh
权衡
possess
拥有
abandon
离弃,遗弃
post
邮递;张贴;公布
absorb
吸收
predict
预测
remove
去除
preferred
更喜欢
accompany
陪伴
prohibit
禁止
achieve
实现
promote
促进;推动;促销;晋升
acknowledge
承认
pronounce
发音
acquire
获得
propose
建议
adjust
调节;适应
prove
证明
adopt
采用;领养
publish
出版
advertise
做广告;登广告
punish
惩罚
affect
影响
purchase
购买
afford
负担得起
ensure
确保
aid
帮助
react
反应
analyze
分析
recognize
认出;识别
mention
提到
recommend
推荐;建议
approve
赞成;批准
reduce
减少
argue
争论;主张
reflect
反映
arise
发生;产生
reform
改革
assess
评估
refuse
拒绝
deserve
应得;值得
regain
再次得到
attract
吸引
register
登记
bite
咬
release
释放
blame
责备
rent
v. 租用 n.租金
block
v. 阻碍n.大块;街区
replace
代替
boom
v.轰鸣; 迅速发展
n. 激增,繁荣
request
请求
bounce
弹起,弹跳
rescue
营救
breathe
呼吸
research
研究
brighten
照亮; (使)快活起来
respond
回应
broadcast
广播
retire
退休
bury
埋葬
review
复习;检查;评论
calculate
计算
revise
修改
campaign
v.参加运动
n.运动;活动; 战役
reward
奖励; 回报;报酬
cancel
取消
encourage
鼓励
cause
v. 造成;引起n.原因
roll
翻滚,滚动
charge
要价;指控;负责;充电
extend
延伸
chatted
闲聊
sacrifice
牺牲
cheat
欺骗; 作弊
scan
扫描
check
检查
scream
尖叫
combine
结合
explain
解释
favor
赞成; 喜爱
select
选择;挑选
communicate
沟通
settle
解决;定居
compete
竞争
shake
摇动;抖动
complain
抱怨
shoot
射击;拍摄
complete
完成
sob
抽噎
concern
涉及; 让(某人)担忧
specialize
专门从事
conclude
得出结论
spin
旋转
conduct
组织;安排
spread
传播
confirm
确认
squeeze
挤压
consider
考虑
starve
饿死
consume
消费
state
v.陈述;说明
n. 状态;情况;国家;州
contact
接触
step
v.迈步;踩n.步伐;一步
contain
包含
stick
v. 刺;戳;插入粘贴
n. 枝条
continue
持续
strengthen
加强
convey
传达
stress
v.强调 n. 压力
convince
使确信;使相信;说服
stretch
伸展
cooperate
合作
study
学习;研究
fold
折叠
substitute
代替
cover
v.遮盖n.覆盖物;封面
succeed
成功
crash
碰撞;倒闭;崩溃
summarize
总结
create
创造
sunburn
晒伤
damage
损害
supply
供给
dare
敢
survive
幸存
deal
v.处理 n.大量;交易
sweep
打扫
debate
辩论
threaten
威胁
declare
公布;宣布
toast
干杯
decline
下降;拒绝
transfer
转移
deepen
深化
transform
使改变形态
defeat
击败
translate
翻译
delay
延迟
transport
运输
deliver
递送;接生;做讲座
unfold
展开;打开
deny
否认
update
更新
depart
离开;起程
upgrade
升级
design
设计
vote
投票
despite
尽管
weigh
权衡
destroy
破坏
whisper
耳语
dig
挖掘
widen
拓宽
digest
消化;理解
wipe
擦
distinguish
区分
envy
嫉妒
distribute
分配
estimate
估计
disturb
打扰
evaluate
评价
dive
潜水
examine
检查
divide
分开,分散
exchange
交换
donate
捐赠
exhibit
展览
drag
拖,拉,拽
exist
存在
draw
画;拖(动);拉(动);吸引,使感兴趣
fasten
系牢
考点五 完形填空高频动词252词汇总
完形填空高频动词252词
英文
中文
英文
中文
accompany
陪伴;附有
respond
回应
leave
离开;让…处于
;余下
fall apart
散架;垮掉;崩溃
relieve
缓解
risk
冒…的风险
get hold of
领会;弄懂
search
搜索
urge
敦促;催促
appear
出现
arrange
安排
tour
在…旅游;在…巡回演出
put forward
提出
challenge
挑战
sacrifice
牺牲
stay with
呆在一起
notice
请注意
hear
听到
permit
许可
call on
呼吁
receive
收到
spend
花
refuse
拒绝
rely on
依靠
replace
取代
decorate
装修
treat
治疗;对待
look for
寻找
appeal
呼吁; 吸引
invite
邀请
wonder
想知道;惊讶
look at
看
order
命令;订购;订货;点(酒菜等)
come down
下来
preserve
保存;保护
consider
考虑
pack up
打包
beat out
打败;击败
comfort
安慰
give way to
向…让步
keep off
不接近
fight
打仗;战斗;打架
step forward
向前走
promote
促进
put on
穿上
attempt
尝试
admit
承认;准许…进入
reject
拒绝
predict
预测
charge
要价;指控;负责;充电
get through
完成;使明白;通过电话;通过(考试)
struggle
斗争;奋斗;努力
take charge of
负责
occur
发生
select
选择
look after
照顾
read out
读出,朗读
happen
发生
step forward
向前走
repeat
重复
confirm
确认
provide
提供
imagine
想象
wear
穿
analyze
分析
move up
向上移动
promise
承诺
interrupt
打断
blame
责怪;指责
participate in
参与
hold onto
握住;抓牢;稍等;等一下
create
创造;创作
persuade
说服
pull
拉
produce
生产
miss
错过;思念
offer
提供
back off
后退
quarrel
争吵
mix
混合
recite
背诵
turn back
返回;(使)折回
contribute
捐献,捐赠
go to waste
浪费
hang out
晾晒(洗好的衣物);闲逛
fail
失败
bath
给…洗澡;洗澡
take off
起飞;脱下;成功
spread out
展开;分散
take place of
代替
measure
测量
take over
接管
ignore
忽略
turn in
上交;提交
improve
改善
lack
缺乏
lend
借出
open up
打开
restrict
限制
suffer
遭受
throw at
投向
go away
离开;消失
set a trap of
设圈套
recognize
认出;辨别出
quit
离开;辞职
pretend
假装
examine
检查
decrease
减少
save
救;储蓄;攒钱
satisfy
使满足
point
指向;瞄准
criticize
批评
come through
通过
walk around
四处走动
deserve
值得;应得
connect
连接
evaluate
评估
prevent
防止
adopt
收养;采取
recommend
推荐;建议
travel
旅行;行进
lead
带路;领路;通向
observe
观察;遵守
organize
组织
strike
撞;碰;罢工
lie
谎言;躺;位于
lose
失去
prove
证明
send
发送
forecast
预测
apply
应用;申请;涂;敷
simplify
简化
reply
回复
delay
延迟
know about
知道;了解
book
预定
wave at
朝…挥手(致意)
owe
欠
remind
提醒;使想起
set out
出发
play with
玩
pass
通过
ran
跑;经营
beat
击败
post
寄;邮寄;张贴;发布
affect
影响
inspire
激励;鼓舞
complain
抱怨
argue
争论;争辩;认为
translate
翻译
perform
表演;执行
give away
赠送;泄漏
carry
携带
break
打破
deal with
处理
put up
建造;搭起;设立;张贴
discover
发现
skip
跳
rise
上升
take hold of
抓住
calm
使镇静
warn
警告
appreciate
欣赏;感激
go back to
回到
describe
描述
come across
偶然发现;偶然遇见
sight
看到
blow up
爆炸;炸毁
continue
继续
mean
意思是;打算
fade away
逐渐消失
roll down
滚下
contact
联系
suggest
建议;表明
collect
收集
follow
跟随;跟着;遵循
settle up
付清(债务);结清
respect
尊重
show off
展示
expect
预料;期待
live up to
不辜负
look up
查找
work out
计算出
try out
尝试
earn
赚
acquire
获得;购得
walk up
向上走;沿…走去
put up with
忍受
take advantages of
利用
hold up
举起
check
检查
survive
幸存;幸免于难
annoy
使恼怒;使生气
stay
停留;待;保持
direct
指导;指挥
support
支持
reach
达到
run off
跑开了
point at
指向
pass by
经过
put down
放下
request
请求
advertise
做广告
spoil
破坏
mix up
混淆
believe
相信
pick up
拿起;接;学会
bargain
讨价还价
turn away
拒绝…进入
store up
储存
express
表达
choose
选择
block
堵塞;阻塞
test
测试
hit
打击;突然意识到
march into
行进,进入
match
匹配
read
读;写着
turn
转
return
返回;归还
turn down
拒绝
allow
允许
suppose
假设;认为
attend
出席;参加
wander
漫步
picture
想象
convince
使确信;使相信
present
给;呈现;主持
trust
信任
seem
似乎
rescue
营救
turn into
变成
announce
宣布
dive
潜水
donate
捐赠
cure
治愈
expose
暴露
praise
赞美;表扬
persuade
说服
search for
搜索
astonish
使惊讶
slip away
悄悄溜走
go on sale
出售
bother
打扰
threaten
威胁
hide
隐藏
prohibit
禁止
explore
探索
embarrass
使尴尬
excuse
原谅;宽恕
doubt
怀疑
drop off
中途放下(某人);中途卸下(某物)
rent
租
come on
(表示鼓励)来吧;加把劲
show up
出现
return
返回;归还
turn around
转身
point out
指出
regard
将…认为;把…视为
hurry down
赶快下来
set off
出发
turn out
结果
put away
收好
settle down
安定下来
postpone
推迟
discourage
使灰心;使泄气
turn up
出现
pay off
偿清,还清(债务)
count
数数;计算;重要
feel
感觉
forbid
禁止
practice
实践
come down
下来
lend
借出
come over
过来
play jokes on
戏弄
beat out
击败
cheer for
为…喝彩叫好
cheat
作弊
disturb
打扰
come over
过来
crash
碰撞;撞击;
defend
防御;保护;保卫
approach
靠近,接近
ski
滑雪
report
报告
advise
建议
accept
接受
think of
想到
encourage
鼓励
form
形成;成立
clarify
阐明;澄清
admire
欣赏;赞美;钦佩
tremble
颤抖;哆嗦,抖动
matter
重要
explain
解释
inform
通知
require
需要;要求
gather
收集
drop along
逐步敲击
come into effect
生效
come in
进来
cheer
欢呼
afford
负担得起
manage
管理,设法做成
make up
组成;编造;化妆
run over
撞倒,碾过
pace down
沿…走
turn to
转向;求助于
fix
使固定;安装;修理
roll over
滚动
study
研究
prepare
准备
share
分享
force
强迫
stare
盯着看
shake
摇
serve
提供服务;端上
steal
偷
reserve
预订,预约;保留;贮备
sponsor
赞助
cancel
取消
affect
影响
change
改变
cause
导致;引起
assist
协助
solve
解决
defeat
击败;战胜
hesitate
犹豫
record
记录
adapt
适应
take up
开始从事;喜欢上;占用;占据,占有
regret
后悔;遗憾
register for
注册
put off
推迟
give up
放弃
agree
同意
repair
修复
fill
填满
support
支持
beg
祈求
believe in
相信
scold
训斥,责骂
move on
继续前进
draw
画画;拖(动);拉(动);吸引,使感兴趣
stick
刺;戳;粘贴;坚持
apologize
道歉
run into
遇到(问题、困难等);车辆)意外撞上
bear
忍受;携带
realize
意识到
declare
公布;宣布
conduct
组织;安排;实施
(24-25高三上·北京西城·期末)On July 22nd, 18-year-old Colleen Knull, a volunteer firefighter, faced a dangerous situation when a wildfire rapidly spread through Jasper National Park.
Knull, with less than a year of experience at the Ender by Fire Department, spotted 31 rising from the mountainside. Her training immediately 32 . “I saw the smoke and used some of the knowledge I had gained to read it, understand the wind direction, and 33 how close the fire was,” she said.
Before an official evacuation (疏散) order was issued, Knull decided to act. She began knocking on cabin doors at the lodge (旅馆), 34 guests about the fire. Then, realizing that hikers at a nearby campground were unaware of the 35 , she quickly walked up the trail to evacuate them.
Leading a group of 16 people, Knull guided them on a tough, four-hour hike through thick smoke and difficult conditions. “The smoke was heavy, my eyes were burning, and ash kept falling,” said Rebecca Tocher, one of the hikers. Despite these 36 , Knull remained calm and kept the group focused.
Knull’s familiarity with the area and her firefighting skills proved 37 . After hours of struggling, the group finally made it out of the smoky forest and reached a safe area where help was waiting.
Authorities later 38 Knull’s efforts, calling her a hero for her calmness and leadership under extreme pressure. For Knull, the experience was a powerful reminder of the importance of preparation and community. “I didn’t do it alone,” she said 39 . “The training I received and the 40 the group placed in me made it possible.”
31.A.dust B.smoke C.cloud D.steam
32.A.kicked in B.gave out C.added up D.caught on
33.A.show B.prove C.assess D.track
34.A.calling B.asking C.teaching D.warning
35.A.program B.danger C.arrangement D.fear
36.A.challenges B.limitations C.findings D.consequences
37.A.unique B.cautious C.vital D.popular
38.A.evaluated B.supported C.applauded D.resisted
39.A.humbly B.confidently C.honestly D.nervously
40.A.honor B.gratitude C.request D.trust
考点六 高频核心动词知识点梳理
Group1
1.adopt
一,变形:adopts; adopting; adopted; adopted;
二,词义:vt.
1)领养 adopt a child
2)采纳,接受(方法,态度)
e.g. They adopted three ways to solve the problems.
n. adoption
三, 形近词:adapt (to)调整;适应
2.advise
一,变形: advises; advising; advised; advised;
二, 词义:
Vt. 1)advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事;
e.g. I advise you to make a negotiation with Professor. Smith.
2) advise doing sth. 建议做某事
e.g. I advise booking the hotel in advance.
三、拓展:1)n. (U)advice;a piece of advice;
3.Consult
一,变形:consults; consulting; consulted; consulted;
二,词义:Vt.
1)咨询,请教
e.g. If you have problems, please consult your lawyer.
2) consult with sb. on/about sth.关于某事与某人商量
e.g. You should consult with your teachers on the courses.
3) 查阅,参看
e.g. Consult the manual on how to use it.
n (C) consultant,. 顾问
三,近义: refer to查阅,参看
4.occupy
一,变形:Occupies; occupying; occupied;
二,词义;vt.使从事;使忙碌;占有
1)使用,占用(时间,空间,面积等) e.g. occupy time
2)使从事;使忙于…
Occupy sb./sth./ oneself (in doing sth)
e.g. She occupies herself with many tasks.
3)占领;侵占
e.g. The city was occupied by the army.
三,近义:
1)占用时间:take up
2)使从事/忙于 engage in…
四,派生:occupation,n. (U)侵占/占领;(C)工作/职业;
5.memorize
一,变形:memorizes; memorizing; memorized; memorized;
二,词义:记住,记忆
e.g. You should memorize the way to school.
三,派生:memory, n. (C)记忆,记性
Good /bad memory 记忆力好/不好;
In memory of sb.纪念某人
e.g. We draw a picture in memory of our friendship.
拓展:ise=ize “使”;advertise; criticize; authorize
6.stick
一,变形:sticks;sticking; stuck; stuck;
二,词义:.1.
1)Vt.将…刺入;戳;插入;stick sth. in/into sth.
e.g. The needle is stuck into my arm.
2)vt. 粘贴
e.g. I stuck the pictures into the album.
3)vi. 卡住;阻塞
e.g. The key has stuck in the hole.
4) stick at sth 坚持做某事;
e.g. You have to stick at your plan.
5) stick out 显眼,引人注意;
e.g. Your accent sticks out.
2. n. (C)枝条;棍子;
7.acquire
一,变形:acquires; acquiring; acquired; acquired;
二, 词义:
vt.获得,得到(知识,名声)
e.g. acquire knowledge/reputation
三, 近义:get; obtain
1)Get 收到;得到(不需要强调努力的过程)
2)obtain 通过努力获得(信息,许可)obtain information/permission
8.instruct
一,变形: instructs; instructing; instructed; instructed
二,词义:Vt.
1)(fml))命令,指示;
e.g. His boss instructs him to do it immediately.
2) 教授,传授(技能);
e.g. All the workers are instructed to learn English.
派生:n. Instruction; instructive, adj.
三, 近义: direct, command, order
1)Order(利用职位/权利)指挥,命令;
2)instruct(正式/官方方式)命令;
3)direct指正式发出指示、命令
4) command指利用权力命令
recommend建议,推荐
9. Weep
一,变形:weeps; weeping; wept;wept;
三,词义:
vi.1)(因悲伤)哭泣,流泪
e.g. weep for joy高兴得流泪;
e.g. weep over one’s death 因某人过世而哭泣;
2) 流出;渗出;
e.g. The water weeps out from the dirt.
n. 哭泣;落泪;
10. stress
一. 变形:stresses; stressing; stressed; stressed;
二,词义 Vt. 1)stress sth.重视;着重
e.g. stress the importance of education
2) stress out 使焦虑不安
e.g. Do not stress out when you are giving a speech.
n.1) (U) 精神压力
e.g. suffer from stress有精神压力;
e.g. cope with stress处理压力
2)(U)lay stress on…重视,强调
e.g. The teacher laid stress on homework.
三,近义:emphasize, vt.
11. urge.
一,变形 urges; urging; urged; urged
二, 词义vt. (1) 催促某人做某事urge sb. to do sth.
e.g. He urges the boy to walk fast.
( 2)强烈要求,极力推荐;urges sth,
e.g. The situation urges immediate action.
n. (C) 欲望,冲动
三,派生:urgent, adj.紧急的,迫切的
12. terrify
一,变形:terrifies ;terrifying: terrified: terrified
二,词义:
vt.使恐惧,恐吓 e.g. The dog terrifies the boy.
三.派生:
1) terrified, adj. 主语是人:terrifying, adj. 主语是物
2) terrorist, n . (C)恐怖分子
三,拓展:-fy使…satisfy; intensify; gratify
13. swear
一,变形:swears: swearing: swore: sworn
二,词义:
Vi. 1) ~ (at sb/sth) 咒骂;诅咒;
e.g. She fell over and swore at others.
2) 郑重承诺;发誓要;表示决心要
e.g. I swear that I will past the test.
三,同义: curse, vi; n. (C) 诅咒;咒语
14. arrange
一,变形:arranges: arranging: arranged: arranged
二,词义:Vt. 1)安排,筹备; e.g. arrange a meeting;
2) 布置,整理;e.g. arrange the flowers in the vase;
派生:n. (C), arrangement
15. support
一,变形:supports: supporting: supported: supported
二,词义:Vt. 1) 鼓励,支持;
e.g. Parents support their children.
2) 帮助,援助
e.g. He supports the poor.
3) 支撑e.g. The board supports the baby..
n. (U)鼓励,资助;
三, 同义: help, n.(U) /vt.; encourage, vt. Encouragement, n. (C);
16. achieve
一,变形:achieves: achieving: achieved: achieved
二,词义:
Vt. (凭长期努力)获得,达到(某目标、地位、标准)
e.g. He finally achieved success.
三,同义:attain, vt. (通常经过努力)获得,得到;
e.g. attain a licence
四,派生 achievement, n. (C) 成就,成绩;
(U)完成e.g.a sense of achievement
17. grasp
一,变形:grasps: grasping: grasped: grasped
二,词义:
vt. 1) 抓紧;抓牢
e.g. He grasped my hand
2) 理解;领会;领悟;
e.g. They failed to grasp the importance of education.
三,同义:hold on抓住,不松手;
cling(用身体)紧抱;
clutch(用手)抓紧;
18. announce
一,变形:announces: announcing: announced: announced
二,词义:
vt. 1) announce sth. to sb. 宣布,宣告(决定、计划等)
2)声称;宣称
e.g. She announces that she will give up smoking.
n. announcement
三,近义辨析:
1)declare (fml)官方宣布:declare war
2)indicate (fml) 表明,暗示
3) announce 正式宣布计划;决定
19. mark
一,变形:marks: marking: marked: marked
二,词义:
Vt. 1) mark A (with B) 做记号,做标记
e.g. Mark the goods with different pens.
2) 打分;
e.g. The teachers have to mark students’ homework.
n. (C) 分数,记号; 污点,疤痕;
三,同义:sign. N. (迹象,手势);symbol(标志,象征)
Group 2
1、prove
一、变形:过去式: proved 过去分词: proven 现在分词: proving 第三人称单数: proves
二、词义:
1)V-LINK 证明是;原来是;结果是
We have been accused of exaggerating before, but unfortunately all our reports proved to be true...
以前一直有人指责我们夸大事实,但遗憾的是,我们所有的报道都证明是真实的。
In the past this process of transition has often proven difficult. 过去这一过渡过程常常很艰难。
2)VERB 证明;证实
You brought this charge. You prove it!... 你提出了这项控告。你拿出证据来!
The results prove that regulation of the salmon farming industry is inadequate.
结果证明对鲑鱼饲养行业的管理不够完善。
3)VERB 证明;显示
Margaret proved herself to be a good mother... 玛格丽特证明了自己是个好妈妈。
As a composer he proved himself adept at large dramatic forms... 身为作曲家的他证明了自己在创作大型戏剧方面驾轻就熟。
4)PHRASE 证明自己的能力(或知识)
They made a 3,000 mile detour simply to prove a point. 他们绕行3,000英里只是为了证明自己能够做到。
三、常用词组
prove out 成功:结果很好;成功
12、reward n./vt.
一、词义:
1、n. 复数: rewards
1) N-COUNT 奖励;奖赏
A bonus of up to 5 per cent can be added to a pupil's final exam marks as a reward for good spelling and grammar.
小学生期末考试的分数最多可以加5分,作为对其拼写和语法正确的奖励。
2) N-COUNT 报答;回报;酬谢
Potentially high financial rewards are attached to senior hospital posts.
当上医院的高级职员就有可能享受丰厚的经济报酬。
2、vt. 过去式: rewarded 过去分词: rewarded 现在分词: rewarding 第三人称单数: rewards
词义:奖赏;奖励;酬谢
Make the extra effort to impress the buyer and you will be rewarded with a quicker sale.
多用心去打动顾客,货物就会更快售出。
二、常用词组:
to reward sb for sth因某事而奖励某人
People should be rewarded for special effort.格外出力的人应该受到奖励。
三、同义词辨析
award : 侧重指官方或经正式研究裁决后对有功者或竞赛优胜者所给予的奖励。
reward : 指对品德高尚和勤劳的人所给予的奖励。也可指为某事付酬金。
13、.appear v.
appear v.
一、变形:过去式: appeared 过去分词: appeared 现在分词: appearing 第三人称单数: appears
二、词义:
1)出现, 显现,呈现
We expected him, but he never appeared.
我们等他, 他却一直没来。
2)好像;似乎;看来
The aircraft appears to have crashed near Katmandu.飞机似乎在加德满都附近坠毁了。
3)(书籍等)出版,发表,问世
I could hardly wait for 'Boys' World' to appear each month. 每个月我都翘首期盼着《男孩世界》的出版。
link-v. 显得, 似乎,看来
It appeared that he had a taste for music.看来他对音乐还有一定的鉴赏力。
Appearances
一、变形:复数: appearances
二、词义:
1)) 出现;显现
The prompt appearance of the police prevented trouble.警察的迅速出现防止了骚乱的发生。
2)外表;外貌,外观
She takes great care over her appearance.她很注重自己的外表。
三、常用词组
1、keep up appearances (尤指为了掩饰真实情况而)维持门面,装门面,装体面
2、make (或 put in) an appearance尤指出于礼节而)短时间到场,露面,亮相
3、to (或 by) all appearances 就表面看来,就所能看到的情况而言
To all appearances, it had been a normal day.
四、同义词辨析
appearance, look, face,这些名词均含事物或人的"外表,容貌"之意。
appearance : 普通用词,着重由总体产生的印象。
look : 普通用词,多用复数,可与appearance换用,但较口语化。
face : 侧重指容貌。
15、figure n./v.
一、词义
1. n. 复数: figures
1)数字;位数
It would be very nice if we had a true figure of how many people in this country haven't got a job.
如果我们能得到该国失业人口的真实数字就好了。
2) N-COUNT 人影;身影
She waited, standing on the bridge, until his figure vanished against the grey backdrop of the Palace.
她站在桥上,一直等到他的身影消失在宫殿灰色的阴影中。
3) N-COUNT 体形;身材
Take pride in your health and your figure.为自己的健康和体形感到骄傲吧。
4) 人物;雕像;塑像
Daniel Boone, the great hero figure of the frontier丹尼尔·布恩——西部伟大的英雄形象
2. v. 过去式: figured 过去分词: figured 现在分词: figuring 第三人称单数: figures
1)以为;推断;认为
She figured that both she and Ned had learned a lot from the experience.
她认为自己和内德都从这一经历中学到了很多东西。
2)计算
I figured the total to be more than Jan made it.我算出的总数比简算出的多。
常用词组:
1、to figure sth out | to figure out sth 算出
Can you figure out the price per kilo for me?
你能帮我算算每千克的价格吗?
2、to figure sth/sb out | to figure out sth/sb想出;理解;弄清
It took them about one month to figure out how to start the equipment.他们花了约一个月的时间才搞清楚如何启动这一设备。
3、to figure sth up | to figure up sth 把…总计起来
Give me a minute to figure up how much you owe me.给我一分钟时间合计一下你欠我多少钱。
16、profit n./v.
一、词义:
1. n. 复数: profits
1) 利润;收益
You can improve your chances of profit by sensible planning.可以通过合理规划来提高盈利的可能性。
常用词组:to make a profit 盈利;获利
Despite the huge costs of setting it up, the exhibition made a profit.尽管展览举办费用高昂,但还是有所盈利。
2)获利;盈利to sell sth. at a profit 出售某物获利
I sold my shares in the company at a profit.
我卖掉了公司的股份,从中赚了一笔。
2. v. 过去式: profited 过去分词: profited 现在分词: profiting 第三人称单数: profits
1) 盈利;获取利润;赚钱
He has profited by selling his holdings to other investors.他将自己的股票卖给其他投资者,从中获利。
2) 得益(于);对…有益;对…有好处
So far the French alliance had profited the rebels little.到目前为止叛军都没有从法国同盟那里获得什么好处。
profitable adj.
一、词义:
1) 盈利的;有利润的;赚钱的
Drug manufacturing is the most profitable business in America.
制药业是美国利润最丰厚的业务。
2)有利可图的;有益的;有用的
a profitable exchange of personnel and ideas
人员和思想的有益交流
17、campaign n./vi
一、词义:
1. n. 复数: campaigns
1) (为达到社会、政治或商业目的而进行的)运动,活动
Apacs has launched a campaign to improve the training of staff.雅拍公司开展了加强员工培训的活动。
常用词组:
a campaign against sth. 反对…的运动
the campaign against public smoking反对在公共场所吸烟的运动
a campaign to get sth. done 促成某事的运动
a campaign to get the prisoners released一场争取囚犯获释的运动
2)(包括一系列战斗的)战役
a bombing campaign轮番轰炸
2. v. 过去式: campaigned 现在分词: campaigning 第三人称单数: campaigns
1) 发起运动;开展活动
They have been campaigning to improve the legal status of women.他们一直在为提高妇女的法律地位而奔走呼号。
常用词组:
to campaign for sth为…宣传呼吁
He campaigned for political reform.他宣传呼吁进行政治改革。
to campaign against sth宣传呼吁反对…
The union has campaigned against the legislation.工会积极活动反对这一立法。
2)作战
The 10th Cavalry campaigned in the Southern Plains from 1867 to 1875.
第10骑兵部队于1867年到1875年间在南部平原作战。
二、同义词辨析
battle, war, campaign这些名词均有"战斗,战争"之意。
battle : 侧重指战争中的一次较全面、时间较长的战斗,也指陆军或海军在某一特定地区进行的战斗,或个人之间的争斗。
war : 是战争的总称,一般指包括多个战役的大规模战争。
campaign : 通常指在一场大的战争中在某一地区进行的一连串有既定目的的军事行动。也可作引申用。
19、target n./v.
一、词义
1. n. 复数: targets
1)(袭击的)目标,对象,靶子
All the missiles hit the designated targets.所有导弹都击中了指定目标。
2)目的;目标
the park's annual target of 11 million visitors公园每年接纳1,100万游客的目标
常用词组:
1. to set a target制订目标
2.to meet a target | to meet your target达到目标
3.to miss your target | to miss the target未达到目标
4. on target 击中要害的,准确的:完全准确的、精确的或有效的
observations that were right on target
2. v. 过去式: targeted过去分词: targeted 现在分词: targeting第三人称单数: targets
1) 攻击;批评;以…为攻击目标
He targets the economy as the root cause of the deteriorating law and order situation.
他抨击经济是治安状况不断恶化的根源。
2) 瞄准;面向;尽力吸引
The company has targeted adults as its primary customers.
这家公司将成年人作为其主要顾客。
20、burden n./v.
一、词义:
1. n. 复数: burdens
1) 重担;负担
The developing countries bear the burden of an enormous external debt.
发展中国家承受着巨大的外债负担。
词组:to be a burden to sb | to be a burden on sb成为某人的负担
She went into a nursing home so as not to be a burden on her family.
为了不成为家庭的负担,她进了养老院。
2)重负;负荷;负重
A vastly disproportionate burden falls on women for child care.
照料孩子的重担落在了女性身上。
2. v. 过去式: burdened 过去分词: burdened 现在分词: burdening 第三人称单数: burdens
1)加负荷于;使负担
They could bring more accountability to tourist operators and tourists without burdening the taxpayer too much.
他们可以让旅行社和游客承担更多责任,而不给纳税人过多的负担。
词组:to burden sb. with sth. 用…烦扰某人
I would not dream of burdening anyone with my problems.
我压根不想拿我的问题去烦扰任何人。
Group3
1、control verb, n.
一、词义:v.
过去式: controlled 过去分词: controlled 现在分词: controlling 第三人称单数: controls
1)控制, 抑制, 支配
He tried to control me.他试图支配我。
I couldn't control myself, and I hit him.我气得不得了就打了他。
2)管理, 操纵
A captain controls his ship and its crew.船长管理他的船和船上的船员。
3)克制,约束
He controlled his anger and left the school.他压住怒火离开了学校。
4)核实;验证;检查
The accounts of the whole company are controlled in this department.
整个公司的账目都是由这个部门检查。
二、n.1)控制, 支配, 管理
She argued for import control.她主张实行进口限制。
2)管理手段
She explained the controls of the washing machine.她解释了这台洗衣机的控制系统。
三、常用词组
1)in control(对形势、人或活动)能指挥的,能控制的
2)out of control失去控制
3)under control(危险,紧急情况)处于控制之下
eg:It took two hours to bring the blaze under control.
2、test noun, verb
一.词义:n.
1)测验
The candidate has passed all the tests.那个应试者已通过所有的考试。
2)化验
You'd better not eat anything before a blood test.在验血前你最好不要吃任何东西。
3)试验, 检验
Tests have shown that these new tyres are significantly safer.试验表明这些新的轮胎要安全得多。
4)考验
Obviously they were putting him to a severe test.显然他们是在给他以严峻的考验。
5)试验品, 试金石; 试验的手段
Employers will use this agreement as a test in dealing with future wage claims.
雇主们将这份协议当作处理未来加薪要求的判断准绳。
vt.1)测验, 考查, 检查, 检验
I'll test my judgement.我要考查一下自己的判断能力。
2)考验
Your patience is tested by time.时间将考验你的耐心。
vi.1)测得结果
He tested high in English, but low in Physics.他在英语测验中考了高分,但在物理测验中却考出低分。
2)进行试验;进行测验;测试鉴定(与for连用)
He used different methods to test for allergies.他用不同的方法测定变态反应性。
二、常用词组
1)put someone/thing to the test 使经受考验;检验;试验
2)stand the test of time 经得起时间的考验(或检验等)
3)test the water 试探,摸底
三、同义词
examination, test, quiz, exam 这些名词均含"考试"之意。
examination : 通常指为检查学生知识或能力而举行的正式考试,有时也指临时考试。
test : 多指有具体目的的临时性考试或小考。
quiz : 指时间较短,随时进行的口头或书面的非正式测验。
exam系examination的缩略形式,口语用词,通俗。
3、admire v.
一、变形:过去式: admired 过去分词: admired 现在分词: admiring 第三人称单数: admires
二、词义:
1)赞赏; 钦佩; 仰慕
We admire his working so hard.
我们钦佩他工作努力。
2)称赞, 夸奖
Don't forget to admire the baby.
不要忘了夸奖那孩子。
3)〈美口〉想要, 喜欢
We would admire to hear.
我们喜欢
4、threaten v.
一、变形: 过去式: threatened 过去分词: threatened 现在分词: threatening 第三人称单数: threatens
二、词义:
1)恐吓, 威胁
They entreated and threatened, but all this seemed of no avail.
他们时而恳求, 时而威胁, 但这一切看来都没有用。
The boss threatened to fire her.老板威胁要开除她。
2)预示(某事)
The black clouds threaten a storm.乌云预示暴风雨的来临。
四、词根 -en
后缀: -en 1. 表动词,"变成"; 2. 表形容词,"由……制成的",通常加在名词后面; 3. 表名词,"人或物"
1. adj.
1)straiten 艰难的
strait海峡,困难+en变成→adj.艰难的
2)golden 金黄色的;贵重的,极好的
gold金+en由……制成的→adj.金黄色的;贵重的,极好的
3)oaken 橡木制的
oak橡树+en由……制成的→adj.橡木制的
4)waxen 蜡的,蜡制的
wax蜡+en由……制成的→adj.蜡的,蜡制的
2. n.
1)chicken 鸡肉;鸡,小鸡,小鸟
chick小鸡+en人或物→n.鸡肉;鸡,小鸡,小鸟
2)citizen 公民;市民,居民
city城市+en人或物→citizen
3)heathen 异教徒
heath荒野,树丛+en人或物→n.异教徒
4)kitten 小猫
kit=cat猫+en人或物→kitten
5)maiden 少女,处女
maid少女+en人或物→n.少女,处女 adj.未婚的,纯洁的,无经验的
3.v.
1)brighten [使]变亮,[使]愉快
bright明亮的+en变成→v.[使]变亮,[使]愉快
2)broaden 放宽,变阔
broad宽+en变成→v.放宽,变阔
3)dampen [使]潮湿,使沮丧,泼凉水
damp潮湿+en变成→v.[使]潮湿,使沮丧,泼凉水
4)darken [使]变黑[变暗]
dark黑+en变成→v.[使]变黑[变暗]
5)frighten 使惊吓;惊恐
fright惊骇,吃惊+en变成→v.使惊吓;惊恐
6)hasten 催促
5、fear noun, verb
一、词义:
1、n.
1)害怕, 恐惧
He couldn't move for fear.他害怕得动弹不得。
2)可能性
There is no fear of that happening.那事绝不可能发生。
2、vt. 过去式: feared 过去分词: feared 现在分词: fearing 第三人称单数: fears
1)畏惧, 害怕, 担心
He did not fear to die.他不怕死。
Experts fear that there will be new outbreak of the disease.专家们担心这种疾病会再度流行。
2)为…忧虑(或担心、焦虑)
They feared the worst.他们担心会发生最坏的情况。
vi.1)害怕, 忧虑
Never fear—I will hold your hand.别怕, 我会握住你的手。
二、常用词组
1)for fear of (或 that) 以免
No one dared refuse the order for fear of losing their job.
2)never fear[用来宽慰人]别害怕,别担心
We shall meet again, never fear.
3)no fear (英,非正式)[表断然否认或拒绝]绝不,当然不
‘Are you coming with me?’ ‘No fear—it's too exciting here.’.
4)put the fear of God in (或 into) someone 恐吓
5)without fear or favour 公正地,公平地
三、同义词
alarm, fear, fright, horror, panic, terror, dread 这些名词均含"恐惧,惧怕,惊恐"之意。
alarm : 强调突然意识到有危险而产生的恐惧心理。
fear : 普通用词,侧重指面临危险或灾祸时内心所引起的恐惧心情。
fright : 通常指一阵突然的、令人震惊的短暂恐惧,有时含夸张意味。
horror : 侧重指因看到令人讨厌或危险的东西或情景而引起的厌恶情绪、极度恐惧心情或战栗的动作。
panic : 常指因突如其来的外界威胁使人群出现惊慌、恐惧或混乱。
terror : 指极大的恐惧和惊骇,语气最强。
dread : 可与fear换用,着重害怕的心理,但dread常指胆怯和丧失勇气。
6、opportunity n. 复数: opportunities
一、词义
1)机会, 时机
Good luck is when an opportunity comes along and you're prepared for it. 好运就是当机会来临时,你早已做好了准备。
二、常用搭配
opportunity knocks 成功的机会来了
三、同义词
chance, opportunity, occasion 这些名词均含"机会"之意。
chance : 侧重指偶然或意外的机会,有时也指正常或好的机会。
opportunity : 侧重指有利或适合于采取行动,以达到某一目的或实现某种愿望的最佳时机或机会。
occasion : 指特殊时机或良机,也指时节。
7.comment noun, verb
一、词义:
1、n. 复数: comments
1)评论;意见
He made his comments at a news conference in Amsterdam... 他在阿姆斯特丹的记者招待会上发表了意见。
I was wondering whether you had any comments about that?... 请问您对此有何见解?
2)N-SING (通常是不好的事的)体现,写照
He argues that family problems are typically a comment on some unresolved issues in the family.
他认为各种家庭问题通常都反映出家庭内部存在一些有待解决的矛盾
3)无可奉告(通常用于回答记者的提问)
No comment. I don't know anything.
无可奉告。我什么都不知道。
2、v. 过去式: commented 过去分词: commented 现在分词: commenting 第三人称单数: comments
1)发表意见;作出评论
So far, Mr Cook has not commented on these reports... 到目前为止,库克先生仍未就这些报道发表评论。
Stratford police refuse to comment on whether anyone has been arrested...斯特拉福德警方拒绝对是否已有人被捕一事发表任何评论。
二、词组搭配
no comment 无可奉告
7、apology n. 复数: apologies
一、词义:
1)道歉;认错;愧疚的表示
We received a letter of apology.我们收到了一封致歉信。
2)(表示或作出)道歉His mother offered her apologies to the Jones family.
他的母亲向琼斯一家赔了不是。
二、常用词组
make apologies to | offer apologies to 向…道歉
In Chinese culture, people make apologies to others by pouring them tea as a sign of regret or submission.
在中国文化里,人们用倒茶的方式向他人道歉,表示悔意或谦恭。
apologize vi.
变形:过去式: apologized 过去分词: apologized 现在分词: apologizing 第三人称单数: apologizes
词义:~ for道歉;认错
Two years ago, Congress formally apologized for the internment... 两年前,国会就此拘留事件正式道歉。
I apologize for being late... 我为自己的迟到致歉。
7、 celebrate
v. celebrated celebrated celebrating celebrates
vt. 祝贺
His victory was celebrated with music and dancing.人们载歌载舞祝贺他的胜利。
vi. 庆祝
I was in a mood to celebrate.我想庆祝一下。
celebrate with sb. for sth.
But I want to celebrate with you for your success. 我想要跟你一起庆祝!
派生词:
celebration n. 庆典,庆祝会
I can tell you, there was a celebration in our house that night.
跟你说吧,那天晚上我们在家里搞了个庆祝活动。
celebrated adj. 著名的;有名望的
He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.
他很快就跻身于英国最著名的青年画家行列。
8、gift n./vt.
n. 1) 礼物;礼品
They believed the unborn child was a gift from God. 他们认为腹中的孩子是上帝赐予的礼物。
2) 天赋;天才;才能
Her grandmother had the gift of making people happy. 她奶奶有逗人开心的本事。
v. 赠送
to gift sth to sb.= to gift sb sth赠送某人某物
I suggest he simply gifts the flat to his daughter.=I suggest he simply gifts his daughter the flat.
我建议他直接把公寓赠送给他女儿得了。
派生词:gifted adj.有天赋的;有才华的
Sun Yang is one of the most gifted players in the world.孙杨世界上最有天赋的运动员之一。
9、cycle n./vi./vt.
1)n. 循环;周而复始
They must break out of the cycle of violence.他们必须打破暴力循环。
2)周期
Women have a monthly cycle of temperature variation.女性有一个体温变化的月周期。
3) 自行车;三轮车
He got back on his cycle and sped home.他踏着自行车快速奔向家去。
vi. 骑自行车;骑三轮车
Over 1,000 riders cycled 100 miles around the Vale of York.
一千多人围着约克谷地骑行了100英里。
vt.使轮转;使循环
He cycled to Beijing.
他骑车去了北京。
10、invite vt./n.
vt. 1)邀请
I invited her for a coffee.我邀请她喝了杯咖啡。
2) 请求,要求
to invite sb to do sth请求某人做某事;要求某人做某事
Managers will be invited to apply for a management buy-out.经理们将被请求申请管理层收购。
n. 邀请;请帖
They haven't got an invite to the wedding.他们没有收到婚礼请帖。
invitation 复数: invitations
1)邀请
The Syrians have not yet accepted an invitation to attend.
叙利亚人还没有接到出席邀请。
2) 诱因;招致…的行为
Don't leave your shopping on the back seat of your car — it's an open invitation to a thief.
别把买的东西放在汽车后座上——那会招来小偷的。
11.comfort n./vt.
n. 复数: comforts
1)舒适;舒服
This will enable the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows.这样能够让观众舒舒服服地坐着看表演。
2)安慰;慰藉
He will be able to take some comfort from inflation figures due on Friday.
预定星期五发布的通货膨胀数字将会给他一些宽慰。
vt. 安慰;抚慰
Ned put his arm around her, trying to comfort her. 内德搂着她,想安慰她。
comfortable adj.
1)舒适的;安逸的
Trainers are so comfortable to wear.运动鞋穿起来真舒适。
2)自在的;放心的;不紧张的
to be comfortable about sth | to be comfortable with sth对…很放心;对…感到舒服
Nervous politicians might well feel more comfortable with/about a step-by-step approach.
神经脆弱的政治家当然更希望采用按部就班的做法。
Group4
1、sense n./vt.
一、变形: sensed sensed sensing senses
二、词义:
1)N-COUNT 感觉官能(即视觉、嗅觉、听觉、触觉、味觉)
She stared at him again, unable to believe the evidence of her senses.她再度盯着他看,无法相信自己的眼睛和耳朵。
2)VERB 感觉到;觉察到;意识到
She probably sensed that I wasn't telling her the whole story...她可能意识到了我并没有对她全盘托出。
三、常用词组
A sense of …的感觉
make sense 有意义;讲得通;言之有理
sense of responsibility 责任感,责任心
四、派生词
Sensible adj. 明智的;明显的;意识到的;通晓事理的
The sensible thing is to leave them alone.明智的做法是不理他们。
2.doubt n./vt./vi
一、变形:复数: doubts 过去式: doubted 过去分词: doubted 现在分词: doubting 第三人称单数: doubts
二、词义
1)N-VAR 怀疑;疑虑
I had my doubts when she started, but she's getting really good...
她刚开始做时我心存疑虑,但她真的做得很好。
2)VERB 不能肯定;认为…未必可能;怀疑(某事物的真实性);怀疑,不相信(某人或某人的话)
He doubted if he would learn anything new from Marie. 他认为他不太可能从玛丽那儿学到任何新东西。
Nobody that I spoke to doubted his sincerity as a politician. 和我谈过话的人中没有一个怀疑他作为一个政治家的诚意。
I still have no reason to doubt his word. 我还是没有理由怀疑他的话。
三、常用词组
there is no doubt that 毫无疑问
And there is no doubt that in these books you see these men at their best.
而且毫无疑问,在这些书里,你可以看到这些人正处于他们的最佳状态
四、派生词
Doubtful adj.难以预测的; 难以预料的,未定局的;怀疑的,拿不准的;不明不白
1)ADJ-GRADED 未必的;不大可能的;怀疑的;疑惑的;拿不定主意的
It is doubtful whether Tweed, even with his fluent French, passed for one of the locals...
尽管特威德能说一口流利的法语,他是否能被当作当地人还很难说。
I was still very doubtful about the chances for success...
我对能否成功仍然深表怀疑。
3.view n./vt.
一、变形:复数:views 过去式:viewed 过去分词:viewed 现在分词:viewing 第三人称单数:views
二、词义
1)N-COUNT 观点;看法;见解;态度;景观;景色;风景;(尤指)美景
Washington and Moscow are believed to have similar views on Kashmir.
据信华盛顿和莫斯科在克什米尔问题上的看法相似。
Each of the rooms has a superb view of Pissouri Bay. 每个房间都能将皮苏里湾的美景尽收眼底。
2)N-SING (对某一问题的)看法,考虑,思量
The drama takes an idealistic, even a naive view of the subject... 这部戏在对待这一主题上有些理想化,甚至是天真。
3)VERB 考虑;看待
Abigail's mother Linda views her daughter's talent with a mixture of pride and worry...
阿比盖尔的母亲琳达带着一种又骄傲又担忧的复杂情绪看待女儿的才华。
三、常用词组
in view of adv. 鉴于;考虑到
In view of all of these factors, we can get the conclusion: young should choose his job according to his interest.
考虑到所有这些因素,我们能得出这样的结论:年轻人应该根据自己的兴趣来选择职业。
四、派生词
Viewpoint n. 观点,意见,角度; 视角; <物>视点;
N-COUNT 观点;看法;角度;视角;角度;观察点
The novel is shown from the girl's viewpoint...这部小说是从这个女孩的视角来叙述的
You have to know where to stand for a good viewpoint.你得知道站在哪里观察角度比较理想。
4.calm adj./vt./vi./n./
一、变形:复数: calms 过去式: calmed 过去分词: calmed 现在分词: calming 第三人称单数: calms
二、词义
1)ADJ-GRADED 镇定的;镇静的;冷静的;平静的;安定的
She is usually a calm and diplomatic woman.她通常沉着而老练。
The city of Sarajevo appears relatively calm today. 萨拉热窝城今天显得相对平静些。
2)VERB 使平静;使安静;使镇定;平定;使安定;使有秩序
Tranquilliser drugs were used to calm the deportees.使用了镇静剂来让被放逐者们安静下来。
Officials hoped admitting fewer foreigners would calm the situation. 官员们希望通过减少外国人入境的数量来使局势平定下来。
3)N-UNCOUNT 平静;安静;宁静;(帆船比赛中的)静风,风平浪静
...the rural calm of Grand Rapids, Michigan. 密歇根州大急流城田园般的宁静。
We had the whole gamut of wind from a dead calm to a force 10 gale. 我们这里什么风都有,从风平浪静到十级大风。
三、常用词组
calm down 平静下来;镇定下来
四、派生词
Calmly adv. 冷静地;平静地;安静地;
calmness n. 冷静,镇静;平静,安宁;
Most people do not understand, so they try to find calmness, but without success.
大多数人不懂这个,所以他们虽然想要寻求平静,但都不成功。
5.respond vt./vi.
1)vt. responded responded ponding responds
回复;回答
She responded scornfully.她不屑地回答道。
2)vi.
①回复;回答 respond to sb/sth 回复…
It seems likely that Wiseman was responding to a letter written prior to Smith's death.
似乎怀斯曼正在回复一封在史密斯去世之前写的信。
②回应;响应;作出反应 to respond with sth 以…回应
The army responded with gunfire and tear gas.部队开火并喷射催泪瓦斯予以回击。
responsible 负责的,可靠的;有责任的
responsive 响应的;应答的;回答的
At hearing his name spoken, the dog gave a responsive wag of his tail.
听到有人喊它的名字,这条狗摆了摆尾巴。
6.promise vt./vi./n.
1)vt. promised promised promising promises
①保证;允诺;答应
The leaders have promised a return to full democracy.领导人已经承诺要回归完全的民主。
to promise to do sth 答应做某事
I promised to take my children to the funfair on Saturday.我答应周六带孩子们去游乐场。
to promise sb (that)... 向某人保证…
He promised his mother that he would write.他向妈妈保证说会写信。
②将…许配;为…订婚
to be promised to sb被许配给某人;与某人订婚
I'm promised to Bill.我和比尔订了婚。
③答应给予;承诺给予;保证让…得到
to promise sth to sb | to promise sb sth 答应给某人某物
I've promised this picture to my son.我已经答应把这幅画送给我的儿子。
2)vi. 有可能;有指望;有前途
to promise to be sth 可能是…;有希望是…
The seminar also promises to be most instructive.这次研讨会可能会颇具启发性。
3)n. 复数: promises
诺言;承诺;保证
to make a promise 许下诺言
If you make a promise, you should keep it.如果做出了承诺,就应该遵守。
to make sb a promise向某人保证
He made me a promise.他向我保证过的。
to make a promise to do sth保证去做某事
He made a promise never to do it again.他保证再也不这么做了。
to break a promise违背诺言
It wasn't the first time he'd broken a promise not to get drunk.这不是他第一次违背不喝醉酒的诺言了。
to keep your promise遵守诺言
She kept her promise and never said another word about it.她遵守诺言,再也没有提及此事。
7.export n./vi./vt.
1)n. 复数: exports
①出口;输出
for export为了出口
They grow cotton and bananas for export.他们种植棉花和香蕉以供出口。
2)vt. exported exported exporting exports
①出口;输出
Africa is exporting beef to Europe.非洲在向欧洲出口牛肉。
②传播(抽象意义)
Europeans now export their values to all parts of the world.
欧洲人现在把他们的价值观念传播到了世界各个角落。
3)vi.
出口;输出物资
To earn foreign exchange we must export.要想获得外汇,我们必须出口。
反义词:
import n./vt. 进口 vi.具有重要性
1)n. 复数: imports
①进口的货物;输入的劳务
farmers protesting about cheap imports反对廉价进口商品的农民
②意义;重要性
Who leads Canada is also of some import to the rest of the world.
由谁来领导加拿大对世界上的其他国家也具有重大意义。
2) vt. imported imported importing imports
①进口;输入
Even the smallest piece of machinery is imported.甚至连最小的机器也是进口的。
②导入
You can import files from Microsoft Word or MacWrite.
你可以从微软Word(文字处理软件) 或苹果MacWrite(文字编辑软件)导入文件。
We import an incredible amount of cheese from the Continent.
我们从欧洲大陆进口数量惊人的奶酪。
Group 6
1.produce vt./n.
1)vt. produced produced producing produces
①出产;生产,发;产生
The field produces a third of the nation's oil.
该油田生产该国三分之一的石油。
②产生;生成,做;烹调
to produce seed 结籽
These plants are then pollinated and allowed to mature and produce seed.然后,这些植物就被授粉,从而成熟结籽。
③生产;制造
The company produces components for the aerospace industry.该公司为航空航天业生产元器件。
2) n. (统称)农产品
We manage to get most of our produce in Britain.我们设法在英国搞到了大部分农产品。
product n. 产品;制品
Try to get the best product at the lowest price.尽量以最低的价格买到最好的产品。
production n. 复数: productions
1)产生;形成;生成
These proteins stimulate the production of blood cells.这些蛋白质刺激血细胞的产生。
2) 产量;生产率
Industrial production has fallen by 20% over two years.两年来,工业生产下降了20%。
同义词辨析:
produce, product, production 这些名词均含有"产品,制品"之意。
produce : 多指农产品(尤指蔬菜水果等)。
product : 一般指工业产品,也可泛指各种各样的产品。
production : 含义广泛,不同场合有不同的意思,可表示"产品,产物",尤指人类智力或艺术劳动的产品。
2.protect v.保护;投保
to protect sb/sth from/against sth 保护…免受…
She had his umbrella to protect her from the rain.她有他的伞来挡雨。
to protect sb from sb 保护某人不受某人的伤害
It sought an injunction in order to protect women from this man.它寻求禁制令以保护女人免受这个男人的伤害。
名词protection n. 复数: protections
1) 保护;防护
protection from sth | protection against sth 针对…的保护;针对…的防护
The diet may offer protection against cancer.这种膳食可以抗癌。
2) be under sb's protection 处于某人的保护之下
I placed myself under his protection.我将自己置于他的保护之下。
3) 保险范围;承保范围
The new policy is believed to be the first scheme to offer protection against an illness.
这份新保险单被认为是首个承保疾病风险的保险方案。
动词加-tion变成名词:
1)动词本身以t结尾:
+ion attraction action connection invention
2)以te结尾的动词,去e再加-ion
pullute-pollution donate-donation educate-education operate-operation
3)元音+辅音+e结尾的动词去e再加-ation
invite-invitation organize-organization realize-realization
3.guide
一、词义:noun. verb
复数guides
1)指南;手册 ~ to sth.
eg: a guide to Family Health. 家庭健康指南。
2)导游;向导 tour guide
3)指导者;指引者 a spiritual ~ 神修指导者
4)有指导意义的事务;指导的事务
eg:I let my feelings be my guide.我是跟着感觉走。
v. 过去式 guided 过去分词guided 现在分词guiding
1)指路 ~sb. to/through/around sth. 给某人领路
eg:He took the bewildered Elliott by the arm and guided him out.
他抓着不知所措的埃利奥特的胳膊,把他带了出来。
2)影响行为
eg:He was always guided by his religious beliefs.他的言行总是以自己的宗教信仰为依归。
3)阐明 ~ sb. through sth. 向某人阐明
eg: The health and safety officer will guide you through the safety procedures.
卫生安全官员将向你把安全规程解释一遍。
二、派生词:
guiding 给予指导的;有影响的
guideway 导槽;导轨;导路
guideline 指导方针;指导原则;行动纲领;准则
4.deliver verb
一、变形:
过去式: delivered 过去分词: delivered 现在分词: delivering 第三人称单数: delivers
二、词义:
1)递交;传递;交付;运载 ~ sth. to sb./ sth.
Eg: I have orders to deliver it to Mr. Demiris personally. 我奉命要把它送给德米里斯先生本人。
2)发表;宣布;发布 ~ a speech/ lecture 发表演讲
3)~ on sth. 履行诺言;兑现
Eg: If you can’t deliver improved sales figures, you are fired.
如果你不能按照要求提高销售额,就会被解雇。
4)交出;移交 ~ sb./ sth. (up/over) (to sb.)
Eg: They delivered their prisoner over to the invading army.他们把俘虏交给了侵略军。
5)助产;接生 ~ a baby
6)投掷;把……瞄准;用……对准
Eg: He delivered the blow with all his force.他打这一下使出了全身力气。
7) ~ sb. from sth. 解救;拯救;使摆脱
三、派生词:
delivery n. 传递;交付
deliverable noun [usually pl.] 应交付的产品
deliverance ~ from sth. 解救;拯救;解脱
5.wrap verb,noun
一、词义:Verb. 过去式: wrapped 过去分词: wrapped 现在分词: wrapping 第三人称单数: wraps
1)~ sth. (up) (in sth.) 包,裹(礼物等)
Eg:Diana is taking the opportunity to wrap up the family presents. 黛安娜利用这个机会将家人的礼物包起来。
2)~ A (up) in B| ~ B round/around A 用……包裹(或包扎、覆盖等)
Eg:I wrapped the baby (up) in a blanket.我用毯子把婴儿裹了起来。
3)~ sth. around/ round sth./sb. 用……缠绕(或围紧)
Eg:A scarf was wrapped around his neck.他的脖子上围着一条围巾。
4)~ sth. around/ round (使文字)换行
Eg:The text wraps around if it is too long to fit the screen.如果文本太长,在显示屏放不下的话,会自动换行。
二、经典搭配
be wrapped up in sb./sth. 专心致志于;全神贯注于
wrap up| wrap it up(slang) 住口;闭嘴;别再捣乱
wrap up| wrap sb./yourself up (使)穿得暖和点
wrap sth. up (informal) 圆满完成;顺利结束(协议或会议等)
eg:That just about wraps it up for today.这就差不多给今天画了个圆满的句号。
三、noun 复数: wraps
1)【C】(女用)围巾,披肩
2)【U】包裹(或包装)材料
3)【sing.】(拍摄电影时)完成拍摄,停机
eg:Cut! That’s a wrap.停!就拍摄到这儿。
4)【C】墨西哥卷(用冻玉米薄饼裹肉或蔬菜而成的三明治)
经典搭配:
under wraps (informal)保密,隐藏
eg: Next year’s collection is still being kept under wraps.明年的时装系列仍在保密之中。
四、派生词
wrapped adj. 极高兴的;十分满意的
wrapper n. 包装纸,包装塑料
6.operate 运转;操作;使用;动手术 ~ on sb. for sth.
operation noun
一、词义:复数~s
1)【C】手术 ~ on sb. for sth. |~ to do sth.
2)【C】(有组织的)活动,行动 eg: a security ~ 安全行动
3) 【包括许多部分的】企业,公司 eg: a huge multinational ~ 庞大的跨国公司
4)【C,U】运算,运作
二、常用搭配:
in ~ 工作中;使用中;有效
come into ~ 开始工作;开始生效
put sth. into ~ 实施;启用
三、派生词
operational adj. 操作的,运转的
Group7
1.abuse
一,变形:abuses; abusing; abused; abused;
二,词义;n.(U) 滥用,虐待、辱骂
1)滥用 e.g. alcohol abuse
2)虐待e.g. child abuse
3) 辱骂(u) e.g. a torrent of abuse 一通臭骂
vt. 滥用,虐待、辱骂
1)滥用
e.g. She abused her position by giving jobs to her friends.
2)虐待
e.g. All the children had been physically abused.
3) 辱骂
e.g. The referee had been threatened and abused.
三,近义:insult, 谩骂,侮辱n. (c),; vt. Insult sb.
四,派生:abuser,n. 滥用者;虐待者;
2.desire
变形:desires; desiring; desired; desired;
二,词义;n.(C) 愿望,渴望,欲望
e.g. a strong desire for power.
vt. Desire to do sth.愿望,渴望,欲望(不用于进行时)
e.g. We all desire health and happiness.
三,近义:
1)ambition, n. 野心:
四,派生:desirable, adj.渴望的;值得做的;
undesirable,adj.,不可取的,不想要的
Process
变形:processes;(复数)
二,词义;n. 过程,程序
e.g. I'm afraid getting things changed will be a slow process.
vt. 1)加工,处理
e.g. The food is processed carefully.
2) 审核,审阅
e.g. The application should be processed quickly.
三,派生:processing n. 过程;进程:
3.whisper
变形:whispers; whispering; whispered; whispered
二,词义;n.(C) 耳语,私语
e.g. They spoke in whispers.
vt/vi. 耳语,私语
e.g. He whispered to me that he was afraid.
e.g. She leaned over and whispered something in his ear.
三,近义:murmur, (C), n./vt. (私下)发怨言,牢骚,自言自语
4.function
变形:functions; functioning; functioned;
二,词义;n. (C), 功能,作用
e.g. The function of the heart is to pump blood through the body.
vi. 运转
e.g. Despite the power cuts, the hospital continued to function normally.
三,近义:
1)operate, vi. 运转:vt. 操作
四,派生:functional, adj.
5.Lie
变形:lies; lying; (一过))lay; lied; (过分lied;lain;)
二,词义;n. (C)谎言,谎话
e.g. The whole story is nothing but a pack of lies.
e.g. white lies善意的谎言
vi. 撒谎 (lies; lying; lied; lied)
~ (to sb) (about sth)
e.g. Don't lie to me about your age.
vi. 躺, (lay; lain),躺下(lie down)
e.g. The cat was lying fast asleep by the fire.
vi. 存在于
e.g. The problems lie in deciding when to start..
6.serve
一,变形:serves: serving: served: served
二,词义
Vt.1) ~ sth (with sth) | ~ sth (to sb) | ~ sb sth
(给某人)提供;端上
e.g. The delegates were served with a wonderful meal.
2) ~ sb (with sth)(向某地或某一群体)供应,提供
e.g. The centre will serve the whole community.
3) ~ (as sth)任期为;担任(职务)
] She was elected to serve as secretary of the local party.
三,派生:1)service,n.服务2) servant, n. 仆人
7. signal
一,词义:
n. 1) 信号;暗号 a danger/warning/distress etc. signal
2) (尤指铁路和公路上的)指示灯,信号灯,红绿灯
traffic signals交通信号灯
8.Suffer
一,变形: suffers; suffering; suffered;
二,词义;vt./ vi. 经历,遭受 suffer from
e.g. He made a rash decision and now he is suffering for it.
e.g. He suffered from punishment because of his violation.
四,派生: suffering n. 苦难,痛苦
8.operate
一,变形: operates; operating; operated;
二,词义; v. 运转;操作
1) 运转 vi.
e.g. Solar panels can only operate in sunlight.
2) 操作 vt.
e.g. What skills are needed to operate this machinery?.
三,近义:
1)function, vi. 正常运作,起作用;
2)work, vi. 运转;操作
四,派生:operation
9.experiment
一,变形:experiments(复数); experiments(三单); experimenting; experimented;
二,词义;n. 实验 e.g. carry out~
e.g. Many people do not like the idea of experiments on animals.
v. 实验
e.g. Some people feel that experimenting on animals is wrong.
三,近义: 1) test n. 试验,测试
10. inform
一,变形:informs; informing; informed;
二,词义;vt. 通知;告诉 ~ sb (of/about sth)
e.g. Please inform us of any changes of address.
e.g. keep sb. Informed
三,派生 information
11.relate
一,变形:relates;relating;related
二,词义;vi. 有关;涉及 relate to sth/sb
e.g. The second paragraph relates to the situation in Scotland.
四,派生:
1) Relation , n. 关系,联系;
2) Relationship,n. 关系;
3) Relative, adj. 相关的;n. 亲戚;
12.tolerate
一,变形:tolerates;tolerating;tolerated
二,词义;vt. 容忍,忍受
e.g. There is a limit to what one person can tolerate.
三,近义:
1)bear, vt. 忍受,忍耐;
2)endure, vt.[正式] 忍受,忍耐;
3)stand, vt. 经受,忍受;
四,派生:tolerant , adj.
13.ignore
一,变形:ignores; ignoring; ignored;
二,词义;vt. 忽视;不理睬
1) 忽视 e.g. He ignored all the ‘No Smoking’ signs and lit up a cigarette.
2) 不理睬e.g. She ignored him and carried on with her work.
四,派生:be ignorant of
14.addict
一,变形: addicts(三单);addicting;addicted
二,词义;vi. 使沉溺 ,对..上瘾be addicted to
e.g. She is addicted to music.
四,派生:addiction
15.retire
一,变形:retires;retiring;retired
二,词义;vi. 退休,就寝
e.g. He will retire from the army next year.
四,派生:Retirement
16.complete
一,变形:completes;completing;completed
二,词义;vt. 完成,结束 adj.完全的,完整的
e.g. Her pride drove her to complete the job.
adj.完全的,完整的
e.g. a complete guide to events in Oxford
三、近义:
1) finish v. 完成,结束
2) end v. 结束
四、派生:completion
17.concern
一,变形:concerns(三单); concerns(复数); concerning; concerned;
二,词义;v. 使担心,关心
e.g. What concerns me is our lack of preparation for the change.
n. 担心,忧虑
e.g. There is growing concern about violence on television.
三,近义:
1)care, n. 忧虑,烦恼;
2)worry, n. 担忧,忧虑;
四,派生: concerned ,adj.
18.sacrifice
一,变形:sacrifices(复数); sacrifices(三单); sacrificing;sacrificed
二,词义;n. 牺牲
e.g. Her parents made sacrifices so that she could enjoy wonderful education.
vt. 牺牲
e.g. She sacrificed everything for her children.
19.recognize
变形:recognizes; recognizing; recognized;
二,词义;vt. 认出,识别,认可
1) 认出,识别
e.g. They recognized the need to take the problem seriously.
2) 认可
e.g. The UK has refused to recognize the new regime.
三,近义:
1) know v. 认出
四,派生: recognition n. 认出,识别,认可
20.encourage
变形:encourages; encouraging; encouraged;
二,词义; v. 鼓励 ~ sb. to do sth.
e.g. My parents have always encouraged me in my choice of career.
三,近义:
1)inspire v. 鼓舞,激励
四,派生:
1)encouragement n. 鼓励
2)discourage v. 使泄气,阻止
Group8
1.assess v.
一、变形:assesses, assessed, assessed, assessing
二、词义:
1)评估
e.g. The test was to assess aptitude rather than academic achievement.
该测试将评估能力而不是学业成绩。
2)计算; 估算
e.g. Ask them to send you information on how to assess the value of your belongings.
叫他们把如何估算你的财产价值的资料寄给你。
三、派生词
adj. assessable 可估价的;可评价的;可征收的;可征税的
n. assessment 评定;估价
assessor 评审员;确定税款的人;顾问
2. possess v.
一、变形:possesses, possessed, possessed, possessing
二、词义:
1)拥有
e.g. He was then arrested and charged with possessing an offensive weapon.他之后被逮捕了并被指控拥有攻击性武器。
三、常用词组
1)possess of
e.g. I consider that everyone would like to experience and possess of happiness. But one person is different from the other so they have different feeling on happiness.
我想,世界上所有的人都想经历和拥有幸福。只是不同的人对幸福有着不同的追求和向往,幸福感也各有不同。
四、辨析
have, hold, possess, own, enjoy, keep这组词都有“有,具有,持有”的意思,其区别是:
have:最常用词,可指任何情况下的具有,无论是物质的或精神的。
hold:指拥有并保持财产及持有见解等,暗示不让别人拿走或占有。
possess:较正式,指拥有或占有并能加以控制与支配,强调其归属;也指具有某种品质、才能、特点或性能等。
own:不及本组的possess正式,多指所属关系,强调所有权,不管所属物是否在物主手中。
enjoy: 指享有某种权利或长处,带有欣赏或喜爱的情感。
keep:指长时间地保有,保存某物,防止别人占去,强调安全和感情上的依附
五、派生词
adj. possessive 占有的;所有的;所有格的;占有欲强的
n.possession 拥有;财产;领地;自制;着迷
possessor持有人
3. enrich v.
一、变形:enriches, enriched, enriched, enriching
二、词义:
1)充实; 丰富
e.g. It is important to enrich the soil prior to planting.栽种之前给土壤施肥很重要。
2)使富裕
e.g. He will drain, rather than enrich, the country.他将耗尽而不是增加国家的财富。
三、同义词
fertilize vt. 使充实;使肥沃;使富足
四、派生词
n. enrichment 丰富;改进;肥沃;发财致富
4. approve v.
一、变形:approves, approved, approved, approving
二、词义:
1)赞成;同意 approve of
e.g. I told my mother I wanted to leave school but she didn't approve of my idea.
我告诉母亲我不想继续上学,但是母亲不同意我的想法。
2)批准,通过
e.g. The committee unanimously approved the plan.委员会一致通过了计划。
三、辨析
approve, sanction, confirm这组词都有“批准”的意思,其区别是:
approve:普通用词,常指正式的或官方的批准。
sanction:语气最强,多指官方的同意或批准,是书面用词。
confirm:强调按法律程序提请确认或批准。
四、派生词
adj. approved 被认可的;经过检验的
n. approval 批准;认可;赞成
approver 批准者;承认者,赞成者
5. suspect v./n.
一、变形:suspects, suspected, suspected, suspecting
二、词义:
1)怀疑
e.g. He suspected that the woman staying in the flat above was using heroin.他怀疑住在楼上公寓里的那位女子在吸食海洛因。
2)觉得
e.g. The above complaints are, I suspect, just the tip of the iceberg.上述的这些抱怨,我觉得,不过是冰山的一角。
N-COUNT 嫌疑犯
e.g. Police have arrested a suspect in a series of killings in the city.警方逮捕了该城市一系列杀人案件中的一名嫌疑犯。
adj. 可疑的
e.g. Delegates evacuated the building when a suspect package was found.一个可疑包裹被发现后,代表们撤离了这栋大楼。
三、辨析
doubt, suspect, distrust这组词都有“怀疑”的意思,其区别是:
doubt:普通用词,多指因证据不足或仅凭证据还不能肯定而产生怀疑,多含否定意味。
suspect:指猜疑、疑心,肯定意味较多。
distrust:指疑惑、猜疑,不信任。
四、派生词
adj.suspected 有嫌疑的
suspensive 暂停的;悬而不决的;可疑的;暧昧的
6. embarrass v.
一、变形:embarrasses, embarrassed, embarrassed, embarrassing
二、词义:
1)使…尴尬
e.g. Her questions about my private life embarrassed me.她询问我的私生活使我感到很尴尬。
2)使…陷入麻烦
e.g. The speech was deliberately designed to embarrass the prime minister.这个发言是故意为难首相。
三、派生词
adj.embarrassed 尴尬的;窘迫的embarrassing 使人尴尬的;令人为难的
n. embarrassment 窘迫,难堪;使人为难的人或事物;拮据
7. pursue v.
一、变形:pursues, pursued, pursued, pursuing,
二、词义:
1)追求, 努力实现
e.g. He will pursue a trade policy that protects workers.
他将努力实行保护工人的贸易政策。
2)执行; 贯彻
e.g. He said Japan would continue to pursue the policies laid down at the London summit.
他说日本将继续贯彻伦敦峰会上确定的方针。
3)追赶
e.g. She pursued the man who had stolen her bag.
她追赶那个偷了她钱包的男子。
三、常用词组
1)pursue after v. 追赶
e.g. What Marx pursue after for lifetime is emancipation and freedom of all people in the world.
实际上,马克思一生为之奋斗的东西是全人类的自由和解放。
四、派生词
adj. pursuant 依据的;追赶的;随后的
n.pursuit 追赶,追求;职业,工作 pursuer 追求者;追捕者
8. accommodate v.
一、变形:accommodates, accommodated, accommodated, accommodating
二、词义:
1)容纳
e.g. The school was not big enough to accommodate all the children.
学校没有足够的地方容纳所有的学生。
2)为…提供住宿 accommodate sb.
e.g. The hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.
这家旅馆可供 500 位旅客住宿。
3)使…适应
e.g. The roads are built to accommodate gradual temperature changes.
这些道路是为适应气温的逐渐变化而建的。
三、常用词组
1)accommodate with
e.g. The company can serve fully format, accommodate with the requirement of a customer.
这家公司可以按顾客的要求,充分地提供各种服务。
e.g. The bank will accommodate you with a loan.
银行将向你提供一笔贷款。
四、派生词
adj.accommodating 随和的;乐于助人的;肯通融的accommodative 适应的;调节的
n.accommodation 住处,膳宿;调节;和解;预订铺位accommodator 调解人;适应者;提供方便者
9. decline n./ v.
一、变形:declines, declined, declined, declining
二、词义:
1)下降
e.g. The number of staff has declined from 217,000 to 114,000.员工人数已从217000人减少到114000人。
2)谢绝
e.g. He offered the boys some coffee. They declined politely.他要给男孩们来些咖啡。他们礼貌地拒绝了。
n. 下降
e.g. Official figures show a sharp decline in the number of foreign tourists.
官方数字显示外国游客数量骤降。
三、常用词组
1)on the decline 在走下坡路;在衰退中
e.g. It makes me very sad, because I see that things are on the decline. 这使我非常伤心,因为我看到事情在走下坡路。
2)in decline 在衰退中
e.g. The mere fact that America still attracts millions of people is evidence that it is not in decline .
美国依然吸引着千百万人,仅这一事实就足以证明它并没衰落。
四、派生词
n. declination 倾斜;偏差;衰微
10. expand v.
一、变形:expands, expanded, expanded, expanding,
二、词义:
1)扩大; 膨胀
e.g. Engineers noticed that the pipes were not expanding as expected.工程师们注意到管子并未像预期的那样膨胀。
2)使…发展; 发展
e.g. The tourism expanded toward the middle of the 19th century.旅游业业在19世纪中叶得到了发展。
三、常用词组
1)expand into 扩张
Many Western firms want to expand into Asia. 许多西方的公司都想向亚洲扩张。
四、派生词
adj.expanded 扩充的;展开的
expansive 广阔的;扩张的;豪爽的
expandable 可膨胀的;可张开的
n. expansion 膨胀;阐述;扩张物
11. donate v.
一、变形:donates, donated, donating
二、词义:
1)捐赠
e.g. He frequently donates large sums to charity.他经常向慈善机构大笔捐款。
三、派生词
adj. donated 捐赠的
n. donation 捐款,捐赠物;捐赠
12. advocate n./ v.
一、变形:advocates, advocated, advocated, advocating,
二、词义:
1)提倡
e.g. Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behavior.很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。
n. 倡导者
e.g. He was a strong advocate of free market policies and a multi-party system.
他是自由市场政策以及多党制的坚定倡导者。
三、辨析
support, sustain, back, uphold, advocate都有“支持,拥护”的意思,其区别是:
support:含义广泛,多指在道义上或物质上支持某人,也可指对某项事业的支持。
sustain:侧重指连续不断的支持。
back:通常指对论点、行动、事业等的强有力支持。
uphold:既可指积极努力对陷入困境者的支持,也可指给某人在行动、道义或信仰上的支持。
advocate:多指通过写文章或发表演说等来支持或拥护,往往暗示提倡某事或为某事辩护。
四、派生词
n. advocacy 主张;拥护;辩护
advocator 提倡者,拥护者
13. obtain v.
一、变形:obtains, obtained, obtained, obtaining
二、词义:
获得(尤指经努力)
e.g. Evans was trying to obtain a false passport and other documents.埃文斯当时正试图获取假护照和其他文件。
存在;流行
e.g. These conditions no longer obtain.这些条件不再适用。
三、常用词组
obtain employment 就业,找到工作
e.g. The pressure of obtain employment still should be faced after the graduate student graduates.
研究生毕业之后还是要面对就业的压力。
四、辨析
acquire, obtain, get, secure, win, earn, gain都有“获得、取得”的意思,其区别是:
acquire:强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物,也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。
obtain:较正式用词,着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。
get:普通用词,使用广泛,可指以任何方式得到某物,也不一定要经过努力。
secure:强调要通过努力或竞争,或需要付出代价才能获得所渴望的东西。
win:主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。
earn:侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价与有功而获得。
gain:侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。
五、派生词
adj. obtainable 能得到的
n. obtainment 获得
14. select n./ v.
一、变形:selects, selected, selected, selecting,
二、词义:
挑选; 选择
e.g. All our hotels have been carefully selected for the excellent value they provide.
我们的所有旅馆都是精心挑选的,最为合算。
选定(某文件或某段文章以作特别处理) [计算机]
e.g. I selected a file and pressed the delete key.我选定了一份文件,然后按下了删除键。
Adj. 精选的
e.g. a select group of French cheeses
一组精选的的法国奶酪。
第一流的; 只为富人、上层人士而设的
e.g. Christian Lacroix is throwing a very lavish and very select party.
克里斯琴·拉克鲁瓦正在举行一个上层人士参加的非常豪华的聚会。
三、派生词
adj.selective 选择性的selected 挑选出来的
adv. selectively 有选择地
n.selection 选择,挑选;选集;精选品selector 选择器;挑选者
15. suit n./v.
一、变形:suits, suited, suited, suiting,
二、词义:
适合 (某人)
e.g. They will only release information if it suits them.他们只会发布合他们意的消息。
合 (某人) 心意
e.g. I don't think a sedentary life would altogether suit me.我认为久坐不动的生活方式完全不适合我。
相配;合身
e.g. Blue suits you. You should wear it more often.你适合穿蓝色,你该多穿蓝色衣服。
三、常用词组
suit oneself 随自己的意愿做事
e.g. I longed for a new life stage, found to suit oneself and is worth for it offering all units of work.
我渴望一个新生活舞台,找到一个适合自己并值得为其奉献一切的工作单位。
四、派生词
adj. suitable 适当的;相配的 suited 合适的
adv. suitably 适当地;相配地;适宜地
n.suitability 适合;适当;相配suitor 求婚者;请愿者;[法] 起诉人
15. astonish v.
一、变形:astonishes, astonished, astonished, astonishing,
二、词义:使十分惊讶
e.g. It astonishes me (that) he could be so thoughtless.我真没有料到他会如此轻率。
三、辨析
astonish, surprise, amaze都可作及物动词,意思相近,一般都是以事物作主语,人称作宾语。
astonish:表示“使大吃一惊”,“几乎使人无法相信”之意。
surprise:只表“出乎意料之外”。
amaze:强调“使惊讶”,有时还有“惊叹”,“佩服”等意。
四、派生词
adj. astonishing 惊人的;令人惊讶的
adv. astonishingly 令人惊讶地
n. astonishment 惊讶;令人惊讶的事物
16. convince v.
一、变形:convinces, convinced, convinced, convincing,
二、词义:说服 ~ sb. to do sth.
e.g. I've been trying to convince him to see a doctor.
我一直劝他去看病。
使信服 convince sb. of sth.
e.g. Although I soon convinced him of my innocence, I think he still has serious doubts about my sanity.
尽管我很快就使他相信我是清白的,但是他还是非常怀疑我精神是否正常。
三、派生词
adj.convinced 确信的;深信的convincing 令人信服的;有说服力的convincible 可使信服的;可说服的
adv. convincingly 令人信服地;有说服力地
17. assume v.
一、变形:assumes, assumed, assumed, assuming,
二、词义:假设
e.g. It is a misconception to assume that the two continents are similar.
假设这两块大陆类似是种错误概念。
承担(责任)
e.g. The court assumed responsibility for the girl's welfare.法庭承担了保障这个女孩福利的责任。
呈现(外观、样子)
e.g. He managed to assume an air of calm.他设法表现出一幅平静的样子。
三、派生词
adj.assumed 假定的;假装的assuming 傲慢的;不逊的;僭越的assumptive 假定的;设想的;傲慢的
n. assumption 假定;设想;担任;采取
18. cancel v.
一、变形:cancels, cancelled, cancelled, cancelling,
二、词义:取消
e.g. Many trains have been cancelled and a limited service is operating on other lines.许多列车都被取消了,少数班次在其他路线运行。
废止; 废除
e.g. to cancel a policy/subscription
取消保单;停止订阅
三、常用词组
cancel out 取消;抵销
e.g. He wonders if the different influences might not cancel each other out.他想知道不同的影响是否不会相互抵消。
四、派生词
n. cancellation 取消;删除
19. clarify v.
一、变形:clarifies, clarified, clarified, clarifying,
二、词义:澄清
e.g. Thank you for writing and allowing me to clarify the present position.谢谢你来信并允许我澄清目前的状况。
三、派生词
adj. clarified 澄清的;透明的
n. clarity 清楚,明晰;透明
clarification 澄清,说明;净化
20. acknowledge v.
一、变形:acknowledges, acknowledged, acknowledged, acknowledging,
二、词义:承认
e.g. She refuses to acknowledge the need for reform.她拒不承认改革的必要性。
认可 be acknowledged as
e.g. He is also acknowledged as an excellent goalkeeper.他还被认可为一名优秀的守门员。
确认收到
e.g. The army sent me a postcard acknowledging my request.军方寄给我一张明信片以确认收到了我的请求。
向…致意
e.g. He saw her but refused to even acknowledge her.他看到了她,但甚至都拒绝向她致意。
三、派生词
adj. acknowledged 公认的;被普遍认可的
n.acknowledgement 承认;确认;感谢
acknowledgment 感谢;承认;承认书
21. separate v./adj.
一、变形:separates, separated, separated, separating,
二、词义:
分开 separate from
e.g. It is impossible to separate belief from emotion.信仰和感情是分不开的。
分居
e.g. Her parents separated when she was very young.在她很小的时候,父母就分居了。
分辨; 区分
e.g. It is difficult to separate legend from truth.传说与事实很难分辨。
Adj. 单独的
e.g. The school is housed in two separate buildings.学校设在两栋独立的楼房内。
不同的
e.g. For the past three years they have been leading totally separate lives.
三年来,他们完全是各过各的生活。
三、常用词组
separate into 把…分成,分离成
e.g. Research in social psychology is shedding more light on the processes that drive humans to separate into groups.
社会心理学研究能让我们更好地理解驱使人类分化成不同群体的过程。
四、派生词
adj.
separated 分开的;分居;不在一起生活的
separable 可分离的;可分隔的
adv. separately 分别地;分离地;个别地
n. separation 分离,分开;间隔,距离;[法] 分居;缺口
separator 分离器
22. marry v.
一、变形:marries, married, married, marrying,
二、词义:结婚 get married
e.g. I thought he would change after we got married.我原以为他会在我们结婚后改变的。
为…主持婚礼
e.g. he minister has agreed to marry us in the college chapel.这位牧师已经同意在学校的小教堂为我们主持婚礼。
三、常用词组
marry sb. 嫁给某人/娶某人
e.g. I would hesitate to marry him. 我很犹豫是否要嫁给他。
marry up
e.g. Can you marry up the two halves of the broken bowl? 你能把这个被摔成两半的碗粘在一起吗?。
be married to
e.g. no one wants to be married to or work with someone who is a selfish git. 没有人愿意和一个自私的家伙结婚或一起工作。
四、派生词
adj.married 已婚的,有配偶的;婚姻的,夫妇的;密切结合的marriageable 可结婚的,适合结婚的
n. marriage 结婚;婚姻生活;密切结合,合并
23. complain v.
一、变形:complains, complained, complained, complaining,
二、词义:抱怨
e.g. Miners have complained bitterly that the government did not fulfil their promises.
矿工们已愤愤地抱怨政府没有兑现他们的承诺。
诉说(病痛) complain of
e.g. He complained of a headache.他说他头疼。
三、常用词组
complain about 抱怨
e.g. I have nothing to complain about. 我没什么可以抱怨的。
e.g. This is why you should never complain about your life. 这就是你从不该抱怨生活的原因。
四、派生词
adj. complaining 抱怨的
adv. complainingly 抱怨地;发牢骚地;诉苦地
n.complaint 抱怨;诉苦;疾病;委屈complainant [法] 原告;发牢骚的人;抱怨者
24. budget v./ n.
一、变形:budgets, budgeted, budgeted, budgeting,
二、词义:
安排开支; 编制预算
e.g. The film is only budgeted at $10 million.这部电影的预算只有1千万美元。
三、常用词组
budget for 为…作预算
e.g. Using these tips you can set up an effective budget for yourself and your household.
使用这些技巧,你可以为您和您的的家庭设立一个有效的预算。
n. 预算
e.g. She will design a fantastic new kitchen for you – and all within your budget.
她将为你设计一个崭新的漂亮厨房–所有的花费都将在你的预算之内。
财政收支状况
e.g. The hospital obviously needs to balance the budget each year.该医院显然每年都需要平衡其财务收支。
四、派生词
adj. budgetary 预算的
25. free v./ adj.
一、变形:frees, freed, freed, freeing
比较级freer, 最高级freest
二、词义:v. 释放;使摆脱 ~ sb (from sth)
e.g. By the end of May nearly 100 of an estimated 2 000 political prisoners had been freed.
至五月底,估计 2 000 名政治犯中有近 100 人已经获释。
解除(或去除、清除) ~ sb./sth. of/from sb./sth.
e.g. These exercises help free the body of tension.这些锻炼可使紧张的身体放松。
e.g. The centre aims to free young people from dependency on drugs.这个中心的宗旨是使年轻人解除对毒品的依赖。
adj. 免费的
e.g. We're offering a fabulous free gift with each copy you buy.购买一册就可以得到一份免费好礼。
自由的
e.g. A true democracy complete with free speech and a free press was called for.
人们呼吁要有包括言论自由和新闻自由在内的真正民主。
三、常用词组
for free免费的,无偿的
e.g. You can't expect people to work for free(= without payment) .你不能指望人无偿工作。
free of charge 免费的
e.g. What is certain is that all of our content and services are free of charge. 还有一点可以确定的是,我们的所有内容、服务都是免费的。
free from从……释放出来
四、派生词
adj. freed 释放的
adv. freely 自由地;免费地;大量地;慷慨地;直率地
n. freedom 自由,自主;直率
28. pollute v.
一、变形:pollutes polluted, polluted, polluting,
二、词义:污染
e.g. Heavy industry pollutes our rivers with noxious chemicals.重工业排放的有毒化学物质污染着我们的河流。
三、派生词
adj. polluted 受污染的;被玷污的
e.g. The police have warned the city's inhabitants not to bathe in the polluted river.警方已经警告本市居民不要在那条被污染的河里游泳。
n.pollution 污染 pollutant 污染物 polluter 污染者;污染源;污染物质
19. complete v.
一、变形:completes completed, completed, completing,
二、词义:完成 ;填写
e.g. She's just completed a master's degree in Law.她刚读完法律硕士学位。
e.g. 2 000 shoppers completed our questionnaire.2 000 名顾客填写了我们的调查表。
Adj. 完全的,整个的
e.g. A complete apartment complex was burned to the ground.整座公寓大楼被烧成平地。
三、常用词组
a complete set of 一整套
e.g. Please prepare a complete set of blueprints. 请准备一套完整的设计图稿。
四、派生词
adj. completed 完整的;完全的
adv. completely 完全地,彻底地;完整地
n. completion 完成,结束;实现
20. effect n./v.
一、变形:effects effected, effected, effecting,
二、词义:实现
e.g. Prospects for effecting real political change seemed to have taken a major step backwards.
实现真正政治变革的前景似乎暗淡了许多。
n. 影响 effect on sb./sth. 对…产生影响
e.g. Parents worry about the effect of music on their adolescent's behaviour.
家长们担心音乐对于其青少年子女行为的影响。
印象
e.g. The overall effect of the painting is overwhelming.
这幅画的总体效果气势磅礡。
三、常用词组
bring/put sth into effect 使生效;实行;实施
e.g. The recommendations will soon be put into effect.
这些建议即将付诸实施。
come into effect生效;开始实施
e.g. New controls come into effect next month.
下月开始实施新的管制措施。
in effect实际上
e.g. His wife had, in effect, run the government for the past six months.
过去的六个月实际上是他的妻子在执政。
四、派生词
adj. effective 有效的,起作用的;实际的,实在的;给人深刻印象
adv. effectively 有效地,生效地;有力地;实际上
n. effectiveness 效力
Group9
1. point v./n.
一、变形:points
二、词义:
1)看法
e.g. We disagree with every point she makes.我们不同意她提出的任何观点。
2)重点
e.g. The point is you shouldn't have to wait so long to see a doctor.关键是看病不该等那么长时间。
3)意图;目的
e.g. I don't see the point of doing it all again.我就不明白,再做一次有什么意义。
v. 1)(用手指头或物体)指,指向
e.g. He pointed to the spot where the house used to stand.他指出那所房子原来所在的地方。
e.g. She pointed her finger in my direction.她指着我这个方向。
2)瞄准 ~ sth (at sb/sth)
e.g. He pointed the gun at her head.
他举枪对准了她的头。
3)对着;朝向 + adv./prep.
e.g. The telescope was pointing in the wrong direction.望远镜对错了方向。
e.g. The signpost pointed straight ahead.路标直指前方。
三、常用词组
1)from the point of view 从…角度来看
e.g. Do you think that, from the point of view of results, this exercise was worth the cost?
从效果来看,你认为这种锻炼值得花这笔钱吗?
2)point out指出; 指明
e.g. I should point out that these estimates cover just the hospital expenditures.我应该指出,这些估价只包括医院的开支。
四、派生词
adj.pointless 无意义的;钝的;不尖的;不得要领的
pointed 尖的;突出的;锐利的;率直的
adv. pointedly 尖锐地;指向地 pointlessly 不相干地;漫无目标地;不得要领地(pointless的副词形式)
n. pointer 指针;指示器;教鞭;暗示
2. title n./v.
一、变形:titles, titled, titled, ttitling,
二、词义:
V. 给…加标题
e.g. The song is titled "White Love."这支单曲名为《白色之恋》。
n. 1)标题
e.g. His poems were published under the title of ‘Love and Reason’.他的诗是以《爱情与理智》为题发表的。
2)称号,头衔 (人名前表示地位、职业、婚否等的)
e.g. Her husband was also honored with his title "Sir Denis."她的丈夫也被授予头衔,尊称为“丹尼斯爵士”。
三、派生词
adj. titled 有头衔的;有标题的
3. add v.
一、变形:adds, added, added, adding,
二、词义:
1)添加
e.g. Shall I add your name to the list?
我可以把你的名字写进名单吗?
2)补充说
e.g. He added that they would return a week later.
他接着说,他们一周以后会回来。
3)增加 sth. add to sth.
e.g. This latest incident will add to the pressure on the White House.
最近的这起事件会给白宫增加更多的压力。
三、常用词组
1)add up 合计
e.g. Add up these figures, please请把这些数字加起来。
2)add in 添加
e.g. What function do you want to add in sports forums? 你想在运动主题论坛加入哪种功能?。
四、派生词
adj. additional 附加的,额外的 addable 可增加的
adv. additionally 此外;又,加之
n. addition 添加;[数] 加法;增加物
3. wonder v.
一、变形:wonders, wondered, wondered, wondering
二、词义:
1)想知道
e.g. I wondered what that noise was.我想知道那噪音是什么。
2)对…感到惊讶
e.g. I wonder (that) he didn't hurt himself jumping over that wall.我纳闷他怎么从那墙上跳过去竟没摔伤自己。
三、词组
1) ~ if, whether…(礼貌地提问或请人做事时说)
e.g. I was wondering whether you'd like to come to a party.不知您能否来参加聚会。
2)no wonder 难怪
e.g. It should be no wonder that you have not mastered the understanding of them all. No one ever will.
难怪大家没有全部掌握并理解这些知识,因为根本就没人能做得到嘛!
四、派生词
adj.wonderful 奇妙的;极好的
wondering 疑惑的;觉得奇怪的
n.wonderland 奇境,仙境;非常奇妙的地方
wonderment 惊奇;惊叹
4. force n./v.
一、变形:forces, forced, forced, forcing
二、词义:
1)强迫
e.g. He took two women hostage and forced them to drive away from the area.
他劫持了两名女人质并强迫她们开车离开这个地区。
2)强加
e.g. To force this agreement on the nation is wrong.
把这项协议强加于这个国家是错误的。
3)用力压住
n. 1)武力;暴力
e.g. The release of the hostages could not be achieved without the use of force.不使用武力不可能使人质获释。
2)力;力量
e.g. The shopping centre took the full force of the blast.购物中心承受了全部爆炸力。
3)力量大的人(或事物);影响大的人(或事物)
e.g. economic/market forces
经济/市场力量
e.g. The expansion of higher education should be a powerful force for change .
高等教育的发展对变革应该是一个强大的推动力。
三、常用词组
1)by force 强迫地;靠武力;凭藉暴力
e.g. The heart is not conquered by force, but by love and tolerance.心不是靠武力征服,而是靠爱和宽容大度征服。
2)in force 有效的;大批地;大规模地
e.g. The smoking ban remains in force for restaurants, hospitals, schools and airports.
然而这项禁烟令在饭店、医院、学校和机场还仍然有效。
3)labor force n. 劳动力
e.g. He says the reduction of the labour force could be significant.他说劳动力的缩减可能会有重大影响。
四、派生词
adj.forced 被迫的;强迫的 forceful 强有力的;有说服力的;坚强的
adv. forcefully 强有力地;激烈地;有说服力地
n. forcefulness 有力;坚强
5. measure n.
一、变形:measures, measured, measured, measuring
二、词义:
1)估量
e.g. I continued to measure his progress against the charts in the doctor's office.我继续根据医生办公室里的图表来估量他的进展。
2)测量
e.g. Measure the length and width of the gap.测量一下这个裂口的长度和宽度。
n. 1)措施
e.g. The government warned that p$$第02讲 高考高频形容词+副词+动词聚焦
目录
考点一 高考英语完形填空常考的107个形容词和副词汇总 2
考点二 高考英语阅读理解常考的350个形容词和副词汇总 4
考点三 高考英语形容词和副词知识点梳理 11
考点四 阅读理解高频动词290词汇总 29
考点五 完形填空高频动词252词汇总 35
考点六 高频核心动词知识点梳理 42
考点一 高考英语完形填空常考的107个形容词和副词汇总
1 / 1
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1. immediate adj 立即的,立刻的,马上
2. clear adj 清楚的,清晰的
3.cautious adj 小心翼翼的
4.vivid adj 生动的,逼真的
5.exactly adv ①确切地,精确地 ②恰好地,正好地 ③ (用于答语)完全正确。(的确这样)
6.fortunately adv 幸运地
7.surprisingly adv 令人惊讶地
8.hardly adv 几乎不
9.instead adv 代替,相反
10. properly adv 适当地;正确地;恰当地
11. specially adv 专门
12.reliable adj 可靠的,可信赖的
13.simply adv 简单地;仅仅,只不过
14.namely adv 即,也就是
15.not nearly = far from = nowhere near 远非,远远不,一点也不
16.patient adj 耐心的;n 病人
17.plain adj 简单的,朴素的
18.familiar adj 熟悉的
19.lucky adj 幸运的
20.amazing adj 令人惊异的
21.accidentally adv ①偶然地;意外地 ②附带地
22.silent adj 沉默的
23.calm adj 平静的,冷静的
24.secret adj 秘密的
25.otherwise adv 否则
26.meanwhile adv 期间,同时
27.besides adv 除…..以外还有
28.efficient adj 高效的,有效的
29. flexible adj 灵活的
30.complex adj 复杂的
31.smooth adj 平稳的,光滑的,顺利的
32.regularly adv 定期地,有规律地
33.sensitive adj 敏感的,体贴的
34.honest adj 诚实的
35.confident adj 自信的
36.shy adj 害羞的,羞涩的
37.thoughtful adj ①深思的,沉思的②富有思想的;经认真推敲的
38.lighthearted and optimistic adj 无忧无虑而且非常乐观的
39.nevertheless adj 然而
40.private adj 私人的(private cars)
41.personal adj 个人的(personal belongings)
42.unique adj 唯一的,独一无二的;独特的
43.favorable adj 赞同的,有利的
44.precious adj 宝贵的,珍贵的
45.essential adj 必要的,重要的
46.worthwhile adj 值得的
47.physical adj 身体的,物理的
48.sudden adj 突然的
49.merely adv 仅仅,只 =only
50.rarely adv 罕见的
51.splendidly adj 极好地,灿烂地
52.increasingly adv 越来越多地
53.naturally adv 自然地
54.accurate adj 精确的,准确的
55.ridiculous adj 可笑的,荒谬的
56.urgent adj 紧急的,急迫的
57.shallow adj 浅的,肤浅的
58.frequently adv 经常地,频繁地
59.especially adv 特别地,尤其地=particularly
60.obviously adv 显而易见 =apparently
61.necessarily adv 必要地,必须地,必然地
62.generally adv 一般地,通常地
63.eventually adv 最终,最后
64.adoptable adv 可采用的,可收养的
65.acceptable adj 可以接受的
66.available adj 可利用的,可使用的,可得到的
67.accessible adj 易接近的,易受影响的,可理解的
68.relatively adv 相对地,比较地
69.approximately adv 大约
70.absolutely adv 绝对正确地
71.punctual adj 守时的
72.gentle adj 温柔的
73.neatly adv 整洁地
74.entirely adv 完全地
75.highly adv 高度地,非常地
76.strongly adv 强烈地,坚固地
77.extremely adv 极端地,非常
78.reasonably adv 合乎情理地
79.eagerly adv 热切地;渴望地
80.badly adv 很,非常
81.slightly adv 稍微,轻微地
82.equally adv 平等地
83.lately adv 最近
84.enthusiastic adj 热情的;热烈的;热心的
85.energetic adj 精力充沛的,有活力的
86.talkative adj ①喜欢说话的②多嘴的③健谈的
87.impressive adj 印象深刻的
88.traditional adj 传统的
89.practical adj 实践的,实际的
90.similar adj 类似的,相似的
91.convenient adj 方便的,便利的
92.sooner or later 迟早,早晚
93.more or less 或多或少,差不多,几乎
94.once in a while 偶尔,时不时地
95.now and then 偶尔,有时
96. willingly adv 情愿地
97. unexpectedly adv 出乎意料地
98.unwillingly adv 不情愿地
99. unforgettable adj 难忘的
100.doubtful adj 可疑的;令人生疑的;疑心的;不能确定的
101. hardly / scarcely adv 几乎不
102. respectable adj 值得尊敬的
103. respectful adj 恭敬的,有礼貌的
104. distinguished adj 著名的;卓著的;高贵的
105. complicated adj 难懂的,复杂的
106. awkward/clumsy adj 尴尬的,笨拙的
107. previous adj 先前的
(24-25高三上·北京通州·期末)Zhang Yupeng, once a “ troubled” youth, won the gold medal at the 47th World Skills Competition in France.
In 2018, things 1 when he saw older students crafting delicate, sparkling jewelry. The process of designing and crafting jewelry with precious metals grabbed his interest, 2 him to choose jewelry design as his path.
However, because Zhang had been inattentive to his studies before, he had to start from the beginning. He spent 3 hours building his skills, practicing everything from drawing and cutting to welding (焊接) and polishing.
1.考查动词词义辨析。句意:2018年,当他看到年长的学生制作精致、闪闪发光的珠宝时,情况发生了变化。A. occurred发生;B. passed通过;C. appeared出现;D. changed改变。根据前文“Zhang Yupeng, once a “ troubled” youth”以及后文“choose jewelry design as his path.”可知,张玉鹏原来是问题少年,但是当他看到年长的学生制作精致、闪闪发光的珠宝时,他选择了珠宝设计作为自己的道路,所以是情况发生了变化。故选D项。
2.考查动词词义辨析。句意:用贵金属设计和制作珠宝的过程引起了他的兴趣,激励他选择珠宝设计作为自己的道路。A. forcing强迫;B. guiding引导;C. inspiring激励;D. convincing说服。根据前文“The process of designing and crafting jewelry with precious metals grabbed his interest”可知,用贵金属设计和制作珠宝的过程引起了他的兴趣,所以是激励他选择珠宝设计作为自己的道路。故选C项。
3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他花了无数个小时来培养自己的技能,从绘画、切割到焊接和抛光,他都在练习。A. happy快乐的;B. limited有限的;C. countless无数的;D. precious珍贵的。根据后文“I don’t even remember how many sheets of paper I used, how many pens I wore out, or how many failed pieces I made”可知,他自己都不记得练习了多久,所以是他花了无数个小时来培养自己的技能。故选C项。
考点二 高考英语阅读理解常考的350个形容词和副词汇总
1. absent - 缺席的
2. abundant - 大量的
3. accessible - 可接近的
4. accurate - 精确的
5. adaptable - 能适应的
6. additional - 额外的
7. advanced - 先进的
8. aggressive - 侵略性的
9. agricultural - 农业的
10. allergic - 过敏的
11. ambitious - 雄心勃勃的
12. ancient - 古代的
13. annual - 每年的
14. annoyed - 恼怒的
15. annoying - 令人恼怒的
16. appropriate - 适当的
17. approximate - 大约的
18. artificial - 人造的
19. artistic - 艺术的
20. automatic - 自动的
21. available - 可获得的;可购得的;可找到的有空的
22. awake - 醒着地
23. awkward - 令人尴尬的
24. basic - 基本的
25. beneficial - 有益的
26. brief - 简明的
27. brilliant - 明亮的;聪颖的
28. boring - 无聊的
29. caring - 关心他人的
30. casual - 随便的;漫不经心的
31. cautious - 谨慎的
32. certain - 确实的;确定的
33. challenging - 具有挑战性的
34. changeable - 多变的
35. cheerful - 令人愉快的
36. chemical - 化学的
37. classic - 经典的
38. classical - 古典的
39. commercial - 商业的
40. complex - 复杂的
41. confused - 感到困惑的
42. consistent - 一致的
43. constant - 不断的;连续的
44. content - adj.满意的 n.内容
45. courageous - 勇敢的
46. creative - 创造性的
47. cruel - 残酷的
48. cultural - 文化的
49. curious - 好奇的
50. current - 现在的
51. damp - 潮湿的
52. deaf - 聋的
53. demanding - 要求高的
54. delighted - 高兴的
55. depressing - 令人沮丧的
56. digital - 数字的
57. direct - 直接的
58. dirty - 肮脏的
59. disabled - 残疾的
60. disapproving - 不赞成的
61. disastrous - 灾难性的
62. discontinued - 停产的,终止的
63. discouraging - 令人沮丧的
64. distant - 遥远的
65. diverse - 多种多样的
66. doubtful - 可疑的
67. dull - 迟钝的;枯燥的
68. economic - 经济的
69. emotional - 情感的
70. empty - 空的
71. enviable - 令人羡慕的
72. environmental - 环境的
73. essential - 必要的
74. exact - 准确的
75. excellent - 杰出的
76. exhausting - 使人精疲力竭的
77. experienced - 有经验的
78. familiar - 熟悉的
79. fantastic - 极好的
80. fashionable - 流行的
81. favorable - 赞许的,赞同的
82. fearless - 无畏的
83. fewer - 较少的
84. fierce - 凶猛的;凶残的
85. financial - 金融的
86. fine - 好的
87. flexible - 灵活的;易弯曲的
88. forbidding - 禁止的
89. forceful - 强有力的
90. former - (两者中)前者的
91. freezing - 冰冻的
92. fresh - 新鲜的
93. frightened - 感到害怕的
94. frightening - 令人害怕的
95. frozen - 冰冻的
96. fundamental - 基本的
97. funny - 有趣的
98. generous - 慷慨的
99. gifted - 有天赋的
100. global - 全球的
101. gray - 灰色的
102. healthier - 更加健康
103. heated - 激烈的;热的
104. humanized - 人性化的
105. humorous - 幽默的
106. identical - 完全相同的
107. improper - 不合适的
108. inappropriate - 不恰当的
109. inconsiderate - 不为别人着想的
110. industrial - 工业的
111. initial - 最初的
112. injured - 受伤的
113. insignificant - 无关紧要的
114. insistent - 坚持的;固执的
115. inspiring - 鼓舞人心的
116. intelligent - 聪明的
117. influential - 有影响的
118. irrelevant - 无关的
119. joyful - 高兴的
120. juicy - 多汁的
121. knowledgeable - 知识渊博的
122. leafy - 叶状的
123. leading - 主要的
124. main - 主要的
125. major - 主要的
126. magical - 神奇的
127. meaningful - 有意义的
128. measurable - 可测量的
129. medical - 医学的
130. medium - 中等的
131. mindless - 盲目的,无需动脑筋的
132. monthly - 每月的
133. mysterious - 神秘的
134. native - 本地的
135. negative - 消极的
136. noisy - 嘈杂的
137. objective - 客观的
138. official - 官方的
139. online - 在线
140. opposite - 相反的
141. optimistic - 乐观的
142. organic - 有机的
143. outstanding - 杰出的
144. particular - 不寻常的
145. patient - 有耐心的
146. peaceful - 和平的
147. physical - 身体的
148. pleased - 高兴的
149. plentiful - 大量的
150. poorer - 贫穷的
151. portable - 便携式的
152. potential - 潜在的
153. practical - 实际的
154. present - 目前的,出席的
155. prehistoric - 史前的
156. previous - 以前的
157. primary - 主要的基本的
158. private - 私有的
159. professional - 专业的
160. profitable - 有利可图的
161. punctual - 准时的
162. puzzled - 困惑的
163. rare - 稀有的
164. reasonable - 合理的
165. reflective - 反思的;沉思的
166. regular - 有规律的
167. related - 相关的
168. relaxing - 令人放松的
169. relieved - 感到宽慰的;放心的
170. remarkable - 非凡的
171. remote - 遥远的
172. respectful - 恭敬的
173. responsible - 负责的
174. right - 正确的
175. royal - 皇家的
176. rude - 粗鲁的
177. rural - 农村的
178. scary - 吓人的
179. scientific - 科学的
180. selfless - 无私的
181. selfish - 自私的
182. senior - 级别高的
183. sharp - 锋利的
184. shiny - 闪亮的
185. shocked - 震惊的;受打击的
186. sick - 生病的;想呕吐
187. significant - 重要的;有重大意义的
188. skillful - 熟练的
189. slippery - 滑的
190. sleepy - 困乏的
191. slight - 轻微的
192. smooth - 光滑的,顺利的
193. social - 社会的
194. solar - 太阳的
195. special - 特殊的
196. specific - 具体的
197. spiritual - 精神的
198. stable - 稳定的
199. steady - 稳定的
200. steep - 陡峭的
201. strict - 严格的
202. stubborn - 固执的
203. stupid - 愚蠢的
204. suitable - 合适的
205. supportive - 支持的
206. surprised - 感到惊讶的
207. suspicious - 可疑的;怀疑的
208. sustainable - 可持续的
209. symbolic - 象征性的
210. sympathetic - 同情的
211. systematic - 系统的
212. tasty - 美味的
213. tasteless - 无味的
214. temporary - 暂时的
215. thin - 薄的
216. thoughtful - 思考的;体贴的
217. thrilling - 令人兴奋的
218. tight - 紧的
219. tiny - 微小的
220. tiring - 累人的
221. tolerant - 容忍的;宽容的
222. total - 全部的
223. tough - 艰难的,棘手的;坚强的
224. trembling - 颤抖的
225. troublesome - 麻烦的
226. typical - 典型的
227. unachievable - 无法实现的
228. unbearable - 无法忍受的
229. unbelievable - 难以置信的
230. uncomfortable - 不舒服的
231. unconscious - 无意识
232. underemployed - 未充分就业的
233. underlying - 潜在的;表面下的
234. unemployed - 失业的
235. unexpected - 出乎意料的
236. unfair - 不公正的
237. unique - 独特的
238. unkind - 不友善的
239. unlimited - 无限制的
240. unnecessary - 不必要的
241. unwilling - 不情愿的
242. upset - 沮丧的
243. urban - 城市的
244. valuable - 有价值的
245. various - 各种各样的
246. vast - 巨大的
247. visual - 视觉的
248. weather-beaten - 饱经风霜的
249. wireless - 无线的
250. wiser - 更聪明的
251. wooden - 木制的
252. worthwhile - 值得的
253. abroad - 在国外;
254. abruptly - 突然地
255. actually - 事实上
256. admittedly - 无可否认地
257. ahead - 向前地
258. apparently - 显然地
259. astonishingly - 惊人的
260. cheaply - 便宜地
261. definitely - 肯定;没问题;当然
262. deliberately - 故意的
263. desperately - 绝望地
264. directly - 直接地
265. equally - 同样地
266. especially - 尤其地
267. eventually - 最后
268. exceptionally - 例外地
269. extremely - 极其
270. fortunately - 幸运地
271. forward - 向前地
272. frequently - 频繁地
273. gradually - 逐步地
274. hopefully - 有希望地
275. incredibly - 难以置信地
276. increasingly - 越来越多地
277. mentally - 精神上地
278. obviously - 明显地
279. originally - 原来,起初
280. overtime - 超时地
281. politely - 有礼貌地
282. probably - 可能
283. purposefully - 有目的地
284. rapidly - 迅速地
285. rarely - 很少地
286. relatively - 相当地;相对地
287. roughly - 粗略地
288. simply - 简单地
289. still - 仍然
290. surprisingly - 惊人地
291. sympathetically - 同情地
292. therefore - 因此
293. thoroughly - 彻底地
294. truly - 真正地
295. undoubtedly - 毋庸置疑地
296. urgently - 紧急地
297. widely - 广泛地
298. wildly - 疯狂地
299. abstract (抽象的)
300.arbitrary (武断的,随意的)
301. compulsory (强制的,义务的)
302.concrete (具体的) - 常与abstract对比出现
303.controversial (有争议的)
304.conventional (传统的)
305.fragile (脆弱的)
306.innovative (创新的)
307.profound (深刻的)
308. subjective (主观的) - 与objective互补
309. absolute (绝对的)
310. ashamed (羞愧的)
311. bare (裸露的;基本的)
312. bitter (苦的;痛苦的)
313. blank (空白的;茫然的)
314. calm (平静的)
315.civil (公民的;文明的)
316. confident (自信的)
317.conscious (有意识的)
318. contrary (相反的)
319. convenient (方便的)
320.crazy (疯狂的)
321. critical (批判的;关键的)
322. crucial (至关重要的) - 替代important
323. delicious (美味的)
324. eager (渴望的)
325.effective (有效的)
326.efficient (高效的)
327.flat (平的;瘪的电池)
328. formal (正式的)
329. frank (坦率的)
330. guilty (内疚的)
331. humble (谦逊的)
332. ideal (理想的)
333. immense (巨大的) - 替代vast
334. altogether (总共)
335. anyhow (无论如何)
336. besides (此外)
337. hence (因此)
338. moreover (而且)
339. namely (即)
340. somehow (以某种方式)
341. somewhat (有点)
342. wherever (无论哪里)
343. modest (谦虚的;适度的)
344. normal (正常的)
345. ordinary (普通的) - 与extraordinary对比
346. precious (珍贵的)
347. raw (生的;原始的)
348. secure (安全的)
349. sensitive (敏感的)
350. vital (至关重要的)
(24-25高三上·北京海淀·期末)As global temperatures continue to rise due to human-induced climate change, precise computerized climate models will be crucial in shedding light on how our climate will evolve in the coming years.
A study published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres by Chloe Clark and her team from UC Irvine highlights a significant issue with a commonly used climate model known as the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM). The research reveals that this model currently overestimates a key physical property of Earth’s climate system called albedo, which is the degree to which ice reflects planet-warming sunlight into space.
Albedo is a measure of the reflectivity of a surface, expressed as the fraction of incoming solar radiation that is reflected by that surface back into space. It is a critical factor in determining Earth’s climate and energy balance. Surfaces with high albedo, such as snow and ice, reflect a large portion of solar energy, whereas darker surfaces like forests or oceans absorb more solar energy.
“We found that with old model versions, the ice is too reflective by about five percent,” said Chloe Clarke, “Ice reflectivity was much too high.”
The amount of sunlight the planet receives and reflects is important for estimating how much the planet will warm in the coming years. Previous versions of E3SM overestimated albedo because they failed to account for microphysical properties of ice in a warming world. These properties include the effects things like algae (藻类) and dust have on albedo. Dark colored algae and dust can make snow and ice less reflective and less able to reflect sunlight.
To do the analysis, Clarke and her team studied satellite data to track the albedo of the Greenland Ice Sheet. They found E3SM overestimates the reflectivity of the ice sheet, meaning the model estimates less melt than what would be expected from the ice microphysical properties. But with the new ice reflectivity incorporated into the model, they discovered the Greenland Ice Sheet is melting at a rate of about six gigatons more than in older model versions. This is based on albedo measurements that are more consistent with satellite observations.
Clarke hopes her team’s study stresses the importance of the seemingly minuscule properties that can have far-reaching consequences for the overall climate. “I think our work is going to help models do a much better job of helping us capture snow and ice-related climate feedbacks,” she said.
Next, Clarke wants to study different icy parts of the planet to calculate how widespread the albedo discrepancy (差异) is in E3SM. “Our next steps are to get it so the model is functional globally and not just valid over Greenland,” said Clarke, who also intends to compare the new Greenland Ice Sheet melt rates to observations to measure how much more accurate the new ice albedo is. “It would be useful to apply it to glaciers in places like the Andes and Alaska.”
1.According to the passage, albedo ______.
A.changes with the lightness of surfaces
B.matches up with the shape of the ice or snow
C.is a measure of the solar energy arriving at the surface
D.varies with the direction of the incoming solar radiation
2.What can be learned from the passage?
A.The new model is more reliable than satellite observations.
B.The previous model versions overestimate Greenland melt.
C.Model adaptation improves the accuracy of climate predictions.
D.Scientists have used the model globally to reduce the discrepancy.
3.What does the underlined word “minuscule” in Paragraph 7 probably mean?
A.Tiny. B.Invisible. C.Plain. D.Stable.
4.The last paragraph is written to ______.
A.note the limitations of the finding B.point out further research directions
C.illustrate the benefits of a new approach D.sum up the changes made in E3SM
【答案】1.A 2.C 3.A 4.B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了由于人类引起的气候变化导致全球气温持续上升,精确的计算机化气候模型对于揭示未来几年气候将如何演变至关重要。介绍了改编过的模型的特点。
1.细节理解题。根据第二段“The research reveals that this model currently overestimates a key physical property of Earth’s climate system called albedo, which is the degree to which ice reflects planet-warming sunlight into space.(研究表明,该模型目前高估了地球气候系统的一个关键物理特性,即反照率。反照率是指冰将地球变暖的阳光反射到太空的程度)”可知,反照率随表面亮度的变化而变化。故选A。
2.细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“They found E3SM overestimates the reflectivity of the ice sheet, meaning the model estimates less melt than what would be expected from the ice microphysical properties. But with the new ice reflectivity incorporated into the model, they discovered the Greenland Ice Sheet is melting at a rate of about six gigatons more than in older model versions. This is based on albedo measurements that are more consistent with satellite observations.(他们发现E3SM高估了冰盖的反射率,这意味着该模型估计的融化程度低于从冰的微物理特性中得出的预期。但是,将新的冰反射率纳入模型后,他们发现格陵兰冰盖的融化速度比旧模型版本快了约60亿吨。这是基于与卫星观测更一致的反照率测量)”可知,模式改编版提高了气候预测的准确性。故选C。
3.词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Clarke hopes her team’s study stresses the importance of the seemingly(克拉克希望她的团队的研究强调看似……特性的重要性)”以及后文“properties that can have far-reaching consequences for the overall climate(这些特性可能对整体气候产生深远的影响)”可知,某些特性看似微不足道,但可能对整体气候产生深远的影响,所以克拉克希望她的团队的研究强调了这些小特性的重要性。故划线词意思是“小的”。故选A。
4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Next, Clarke wants to study different icy parts of the planet to calculate how widespread the albedo discrepancy (差异) is in E3SM. “Our next steps are to get it so the model is functional globally and not just valid over Greenland,” said Clarke, who also intends to compare the new Greenland Ice Sheet melt rates to observations to measure how much more accurate the new ice albedo is. “It would be useful to apply it to glaciers in places like the Andes and Alaska.”(接下来,克拉克想要研究地球上不同的冰区,以计算反照率差异在E3SM中的分布范围。克拉克说:“我们的下一步是让这个模型在全球范围内发挥作用,而不仅仅是在格陵兰岛有效。”他还打算将新的格陵兰冰盖融化率与观测结果进行比较,以衡量新的冰反照率有多准确。“将其应用于安第斯山脉和阿拉斯加等地的冰川将是有用的。”)”可知,最后一段的目的是为了指出进一步的研究方向。故选B。
考点三 高考英语形容词和副词知识点梳理
Group 1
1.aboard /əˈbɔːd/prep.& adv. 在 (船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等) 上,上 (船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等)
【搭配】All aboard! 请大家上车 (或船等)!
aboard (a ship/plane/train, etc.)
on board= board a ship/plane/train, etc. 上 (船、飞机、火车等)
2.about /əˈbaʊt/adv. ①到处,各处;②周围,附近;③大约,左右 prep. ①关于,对于;②在…… 附近;③在…… 各处
【搭配】be about to do sth. 即将 / 正要做某事 (不与具体的时间状语连用,但可与 when 连用)
How/What about...? …… 怎么样?
3.abroad /əˈbrɔːd/adv. 到国外,在国外
【搭配】at home and abroad 在国内外
from abroad 从国外
go abroad 到国外去,出国
abroad
用作副词,主要表示“在国外,到国外,(消息、谣言等)广为流传”
aboard
用作副词和介词,意为“在(船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等)上,上(船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等)”
4.absent adj. /ˈæbsənt/ ①缺席,不在;②缺少,不存在;③出神的,心不在焉的 vt. /æbˈsent/ 缺席,不在,不参加
【搭配】be absent from sth. 不在……,缺席……
absent oneself from sth. 不参加……,缺席……
如: He absented himself from school yesterday. 昨天他没有去上学。
5.accurate /ˈækjərət/adj. ①正确无误的;②精确的,准确的
【联想】accuracy n. 准确 (性),精确 (程度)
accurately adv. 准确地,精确地
6.afraid /əˈfreɪd/adj. ①担心 (会发生某事);②害怕,畏惧
【搭配】be afraid of (doing) sth. 担心……,害怕……
be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事
I am afraid (that)... 恐怕……(用于推测不好或令人失望的事)
【一言巧辨】Mr.Black was afraid to climb the tree, for he was afraid of falling down from it. 布莱克先生不敢爬树,因为他怕从树上掉下来。
7.alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/adj. ①可供替代的,另外的,两者择一的;②另类的 n. 可供选择的事物
8.anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/adj. ①焦虑的,忧虑的,担心的;②令人焦虑的;③渴望,非常希望
【搭配】be anxious about 挂念,担忧
be anxious for 渴望得到某事物
be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事
be anxious for sb.to do sth. 希望某人做某事
【联想】anxiety n. 焦虑,忧虑
anxiously adv. 忧虑地,焦虑地
Group 2
1.available /əˈveɪləbl/adj. ①可得到的,可买到的;②可利用的,有帮助的;③有空的
2.awake /əˈweɪk/adj. (不作前置定语) 醒着的,清醒的,意识到的 v. (awoke, awoken) ①醒来,唤醒;②(记忆等) 被唤起,意识到
【搭配】stay awake 醒着
awake or asleep 无论醒着还是睡着
awake to sth. 意识到
3.aware /əˈweə(r)/adj. (作表语)①知道,明白;②察觉到;③有…… 意识的
【搭配】be (fully) aware of/that... (完全) 意识到 / 察觉到……
如:New students are now aware that they are likely to leave university up to £15, 000 in debt. 新生现在意识到他们可能离开大学的时候负债会达到 15 000 英镑。
【联想】awareness n. 知道,认识,意识,兴趣
4.awful /ˈɔːfl/adj. ①很坏的,极讨厌的;②非常的,过多的;③骇人听闻的
【联想】awfully adv. 非常,极其
5.brief /briːf/adj. ①短暂的;②简洁的,简单的
【搭配】in brief 简言之;一言以蔽之
【联想】briefly adv. 短暂地,暂时地,简要地
6.complex /ˈkɒmpleks/adj. ①复杂的,难懂的;②复合的 n. 相关联的一组事物,建筑群
7.confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/adj. ①有自信心的,自信的;②确信的
【联想】confidence n. 自信
8.convenient /kənˈviːniənt/adj. 方便的,省事的,便利的
【搭配】It + be + convenient (for sb.) to do sth. (某人) 方便做某事
【联想】convenience n. [C] 便利的事物,便利的设施;[U] 方便,便利
9.conventional /kənˈvenʃənl/adj. ①依照惯例的,墨守成规的;②传统的,习惯的
10.crazy /ˈkreɪzi/adj. 疯狂的,狂热的,着迷的,热衷的
【搭配】be crazy about 对…… 着迷,热衷于
like crazy 发狂似的
go crazy 发疯
drive sb.crazy 把某人逼疯
Group 3
1.curious /ˈkjʊəriəs/adj. ①好奇的,求知欲强的;②稀奇古怪,不寻常
【搭配】(be/become) curious about sth. 对某事好奇
be curious to do sth. 很想做某事
【联想】curiously adv. 好奇地,稀奇古怪地
curiosity n. 好奇 (心),奇物,奇事
2.deep /diːp/adj. ①深的,厚的;②深处的;③深切的,强烈的;④渊博的,深刻的 adv. 至深处,深深地
【搭配】be deep in 陷入 (某种境界)
deep into the night 到深夜
【联想】deep 与 deeply 都可作副词,表示 “深深地”。但是 deep 表示具体的深度概念,而 deeply 表示抽象的深度概念。
depth n. 深度
deepen v. 加深,变深
【一言巧辨】We were all deeply shocked when we heard that some workers were buried deep in the well. 当我们得知一些工人被深埋井下时都深感震惊。
3.diverse /daɪˈvɜːs/adj. 不同的,相异的,多种多样的
【联想】diversity n. 差异 (性),多样性
4.drunk /drʌŋk/adj. ①(酒) 醉;②陶醉,忘乎所以
【搭配】be drunk with 陶醉,沉醉
get blind/dead drunk 烂醉如泥
as drunk as a lord 烂醉如泥
5.eager /ˈiːɡə(r)/adj. 渴望的,热切的,渴求的
【搭配】(be) eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
如:A girl’s closest friend, however, might be eager to tell her about something that has happened in her life. 然而,一个女孩的密友则可能会迫不及待地向她吐露自己生活中发生过的一些事。
(be) eager for sth. 渴望得到……
【联想】eagerly adv. 急切地
6.easy /ˈiːzi/adj. ①容易的;②舒适的,安逸的;③担心的,不紧张的 adv. 小心,慢些,轻点
【搭配】free and easy 轻松的,不拘礼节的
easier said than done 说时容易做时难
take it easy ①别急;②放松,别过分劳累
【联想】easygoing adj. 随和的
easily adv. 容易地,轻松地
ease n. 安逸,舒适 v. 减轻,清除
with ease 无困难地,轻而易举地
at (one's) ease 轻松地,悠闲地
7.embarrassed /ɪmˈbærəst/adj. 尴尬的,窘迫的
【联想】embarrass v. 使窘迫,使尴尬
embarrassing adj. 令人尴尬的,使人难堪的
embarrassment n. 困境,尴尬,难堪
8.empty /ˈempti/adj. 空的,无意义的,空洞的 v. 倒空,变空,流入
【搭配】empty into 注入,流入,涌进
empty out 把…… 倒空
9.enough /ɪˈnʌf/adj. 足够的,充分的 adv. ①足够地,充分地;②十分,很;③相当 pron. 足够,充足
【搭配】not enough...to do sth. 没有足够的…… 来做……
主语 + cannot + be + adj + enough 无论怎样…… 也不过分,越…… 越好
enough for 对…… 足够的
strangely enough 奇怪的是
sure enough 果然
10.enthusiastic /ɪnˌθjuːziˈæstɪk/adj. 热情的,热心的,满腔热忱的
【联想】enthusiasm n. 热情,热心
enthusiastically adv. 热心地,热情地,满腔热忱地
Group 4
1.equal /ˈiːkwəl/adj. 平等的,同等的 n. [C] 同等的人,相等物 v. ①等于,与…… 相等;②比得上,敌得过
【搭配】be equal to doing sth. 能胜任做某事,能应付
without equal 无比,无敌
be equal to 与…… 相等,平等;与某物同样出色,比得上某物
be equal to sb.in sth. 在…… 方面与某人匹敌
【联想】[反] unequal adj. 不平等的,不相符的
equally adv. 同样地,相同地
equality n. 平等,相等
2.especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/adv. ①尤其,特别;②十分,非常
【一言巧辨】He went specially to see her in such an especially hot summer. 在这样一个特别炎热的夏天,他特意去看她。
3.ever /ˈevə(r)/adv. ①从来,在任何时候;②总是,不断地,始终;③到底,究竟;④曾经,以往任何时候
【搭配】ever since 自从
for ever 永远
ever after 以后一直
as...as ever 和往常一样……
as ever 仍旧,照常
4.familiar /fəˈmɪliə(r)/adj. ①熟悉的,常见到的;②熟悉,通晓
【搭配】(be) familiar to sb. 为某人所熟悉
(be) familiar with sth. 熟悉某事
【联想】familiarity n. 亲密,熟悉
5.famous /ˈfeɪməs/adj. 著名的,出名的
【搭配】be famous for 以…… 而著名
be famous as 作为…… 而著名
【联想】fame n. 名气,名声
fantastic /fænˈtæstɪk/adj. ①极好的,了不起的;②怪诞的
6.far /fɑː(r)/ (farther, farthest; further, furthest) adv. ①远;②(问到或谈及距离时说) 有多远,远 (至);③非常,远远,很大程度上 adj. ①远端的;②远的,遥远的
【搭配】as far as 就…… 而言,远到……
by far 大大地,…… 得多
far from (doing) sth. 几乎相反,远非
so far 到目前为止,仅到一定程度
far away 遥远地
be left far behind 被远远落在后面
【一言巧辨】As far as I know,the railway reaches as far as the next town. 就我所知,这条铁路一直延伸到下一个城镇。
So far it has been by far the tallest building in the city. 到目前为止,它是这座城里最高的建筑物。
7.free /friː/adj. ①自由的;②不受…… 影响的;③空闲的;④免费的 vt. ①释放,使自由;②解除,清除
【搭配】be free from/of sth. 不受…… 影响
free sb.from sth. 将某人从…… 中释放出来,使…… 解除……
free sb.of sth. 使…… 解除……
for free 免费
set free 释放
free and easy 轻松,自由自在
【联想】freely adv. 自由地
Group 4
1.general /ˈdʒenrəl/adj. ①普通的,一般的,大众的;②总的,全面的;③大体的,笼统的 n. 将军
【搭配】in general 一般来说,大体上
as a general rule 在一般情况下
general knowledge 常识
general education 普通教育
【联想】generally adv. 大体上,普遍地,广泛地,通常
2.good /ɡʊd/adj. (better, best) ①优质的,好的;②令人愉快的;③精通的;④合适的;⑤(对……) 有用,有好处;⑥助人为乐的 n. ①[U] 好处;②[U] 善行
【搭配】as good as 几乎,与…… 几乎一样
be good at 擅长于……
be good for 对…… 有好处
be good to 对…… 好
for the good of 为了…… 的利益
It’s no good doing sth. 做…… 无用
Group 5
1.guilty /ˈɡɪlti/adj. ①感到内疚的;②有罪责的,有过失的
【搭配】(be/feel) guilty about/at sth. 对…… 感到内疚
(be) guilty of sth. 对…… 负有责任,有…… 过失的
have a guilty conscience 问心有愧,做贼心虚
2.instead /ɪnˈsted/adv. 代替,顶替,反而,却
【搭配】instead of 代替,作为…… 的替换
3.kind /kaɪnd/adj. ①友好的,体贴的;②[用] 客气请求或命令 n. [C,U] 种类,同类的人 (或事物)
【搭配】be kind (of sb.) to do sth. (某人) 好心做……
be kind to sb./sth. 对…… 友好
all kinds of... 各种各样的……
kind of 稍微,有几分,有点儿
of a kind ①不怎么样,徒有其名;②同一类的,类似的
【联想】kindness n. 仁慈
4.late /leɪt/adj. ①迟到;②近日暮的,近深夜的;③接近末期的,晚年的;④已故的 adv. ①晚,迟;②接近末期,在晚年
【搭配】at the latest 最晚,至迟
sooner or later 迟早
【联想】lately adv. 最近,近来
later adj. 后来的 adv. 后来,随后
latest adj. 最近的,最新的
【一言巧辨】He got up late yesterday and when later he got to school, he found he was half an hour late. 他昨天起得晚,之后当他到学校的时候,发现自己迟到了半个小时。
least /liːst/adj.& pron. 最少的,最小的 adv. 最小,最少,微不足道
【搭配】at least 至少,不少于
last but not least 最后但同样重要的
at the (very) least (用于数量之后) 至少,最少
not in the least 一点也不,丝毫不
least of all 尤其 (多用于否定意义的句子中)
5.little /ˈlɪtl/adj. ①小的,比较小的;②短暂的;③年幼的,幼小的 adv. (less, least)①稍许,略微;②少许,一点,少量 det.& pron. ①(与不可数名词连用) 不多的;②(与不可数名词连用) 少量的,一些
【搭配】a little (bit) 少量,一些
little by little 逐渐地,一点一点地
not a little 非常,相当多的
6.long /lɒŋ/adj. ①长的;②长期的,长久的 adv. 长久地,长期地 vi. 渴望
【搭配】long for sb./sth. 渴望得到……
long to do sth. 渴望做……
no longer/not any longer 不再,不复
so/as long as 只要
7.magic /ˈmædʒɪk/adj. ①有魔力的;②好极了;③神奇的 n. ①魔法;②魔力
【联想】magical adj. 有魔力的,奇妙的
8.magician n. 魔术师
9.mature /məˈtʃʊə(r)/adj. ①成熟的;②成年的;③技艺精湛的
10.merely /ˈmɪəli/adv. 仅仅,只不过
【联想】mere adj. 仅仅的,只不过
Group 6
1.more /mɔː(r)/adj. (many, much 的比较级)(数、量等) 更多的,更大的 adv. ①(与两个或两个以上音节的形容词或副词连用,构成比较级) 更;②(程度上) 更强,更多
【搭配】more and more (数量上) 越来越多
more or less 几乎,差不多,大约,大概
much more 更加
more than 多于
more...than... 与其说…… 倒不如说……
not more than 至多,不超过
no more than 仅仅,不过
no more (= not...any more) 不再
the more...the more... 越…… 越……
what is more 更有甚者,更为重要的是
数词 + more + n. 又,再
【一言巧辨】He worked no more than a week, so he could get not more than 100 yuan. 他只干了一个星期,因此他至多能得到一百元。
第二部分
2.most /məʊst/adj.& pron. (many,much 的最高级)①(数量上) 最多,最大;②几乎所有,大多数 adv. ①(与两个或两个以上音节的形容词或副词连用,构成最高级) 最;②(程度上) 最大,最多,最高;③非常
【搭配】at (the) most 至多,不超过
make the most of 充分利用
3.much /mʌtʃ/adj.& pron. 许多,大量 adv. 很,非常
【搭配】as much as 和…… 一样多,多达
as much as one can do 尽某人最大努力
too much for sb. 非某人力所能及
how much 多少,什么价钱,到什么程度
much as 尽管,虽然
much too 太……
so much for 到此为止
too much 太多
【一言巧辨】I've got too much work to do on a much too cold winter night. 在一个非常寒冷的冬夜,我有太多的工作要做。
4.narrow /ˈnærəʊ/adj. ①狭窄的;②勉强的 n. 使窄小,变窄,缩小
【搭配】a narrow escape 九死一生
【联想】narrowly adv. 勉强地,狭隘地
5.native /ˈneɪtɪv/adj. ①出生地的;②本地的,当地的 n. 本地人,当地人
【搭配】be native to 土产的,原产于某地的
6.near /nɪə(r)/adj. ①距离近,不远;②接近的 adv. ①在附近;②接近 prep. 在…… 附近,靠近 v. (时间或空间上) 接近,靠近
【搭配】near to 接近
【联想】nearly adv. 几乎,差不多,将近
not nearly 远非,绝不是
7.neat /niːt/adj. ①有序的,整洁的;②简洁的
8.necessary /ˈnesəsəri/adj. ①必要的,必需的;②无法避免的,必然的
【搭配】if necessary 如果有必要的话
It's necessary (for sb.) to do sth. = It's necessary that... (某人) 有必要做某事
如:It's necessary that teachers (should) learn some knowledge of modern teaching. 教师学一些现代教学知识是有必要的。
【联想】necessity n. 必要,必需品
9. nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/adj. ①焦虑的;②神经质的
【联想】nerve n. 神经,勇气
nervousness n. 惶恐不安
nervously adv. 紧张地
10.never /ˈnevə(r)/adv. ①从不,绝不;②一点都不,从未
【联想】never 是否定副词,位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装结构。
Group 7
1.now /naʊ/adv. ①现在,目前;②现在,从现在开始
【搭配】(every) now and again/then 偶尔,有时,时常
from now on 从现在起
just now 现在,刚才
for now 目前,暂时
now that 既然,由于
如:Now that you have already known how to write a letter in English, it is easier to keep in touch with your uncle in the USA. 既然你已经知道如何用英语写信,跟你在美国的叔叔保持联系就简单多了。
right now 立刻,马上
up to now 到现在为止
2.nowhere /ˈnəʊweə(r)/adv. 哪里都不,无处
【搭配】nowhere near 远非,绝不是
【联想】nowhere 放在句首时,句子部分倒装。
3.once /wʌns/adv. ①仅一次;②曾经,曾 conj. 一旦,一…… 就
【搭配】all at once 突然,忽然
at once 立即,马上,同时
(just) for once/just this once 仅此一次
more than once 不止一次
once again/once more 再一次
once in a while 偶尔地,间或
once or twice 一两次
Once bitten, twice shy. 一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。
4.optimistic /ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/adj. ①乐观的;②抱乐观看法的
【搭配】be optimistic about sth. 对某事持有乐观的态度
【联想】optimism n. 乐观主义
optimist n. 乐天派,乐观的人
optimistical adj. 乐观的
optimistically adv. 乐观地
(反) pessimistic adj. 悲观的,悲观主义的
5.otherwise /ˈʌðəwaɪz/adv. ①否则,不然;②以其他方式;③除此以外
【搭配】and otherwise 等等,及其他
or otherwise 或其他情况,或相反
6.own /əʊn/adj.& pron. ①(用于强调) 自己的,本人的;②自己做的,为自己的 vt. 拥有,有 (尤指买来的东西)
【搭配】hold your own (against sb./sth.) (in sth.) 坚守立场,(使自己) 立于不败之地
of one's own 属于某人自己的
(all) on one's own 独自,单独,独立地
【联想】owner n. 物主,所有权人,主人
ownership n. 所有权,产权,物主身份
7. particular /pəˈtɪkjələ(r)/adj. ①特别的,格外的;②挑剔,讲究
【搭配】be particular about 对…… 挑剔
如:We went into a big shop, but Tony was very particular about toys. 我们进了一家大商店,但托尼对玩具特别挑剔。
in particular 特别,尤其
【联想】particularly adv. 尤其,特别
8.patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/adj. 有耐心的,能忍耐的 n. [C] 病人,接受治疗者
【搭配】be patient with sb./sth. 对某人有耐心或对某事有毅力
【联想】patience n. 耐心,忍耐力
(反) impatient adj. 没有耐心的
impatiently adv. 没有耐心地
9.possible /ˈpɒsəbl/adj. ①可能,能做到或取得;②可能存在 (或发生) 的;③可接受的,合理的
【搭配】as...as possible 尽可能……
if possible 如果可能的话
【联想】possibility n. 可能性,可能
possibly adv. 或许,可能
(反) impossible adj. 不可能的
10.potential /pəˈtenʃl/adj. 潜在的,可能的 n. 潜力,潜质
【搭配】have potential for... 在某方面有潜力
Group 8
1.previous /ˈpriːviəs/adj. ①先前的,以往的;②(时间上) 稍前的
【搭配】previous to 在…… 之前
2. primary /ˈpraɪməri/adj. ①最早的,最初的;②小学教育的,初等教育的;③基本的,最重要的
【联想】primarily adv. 主要地,根本地
3.random /ˈrændəm/adj. 随机的,随意的
【搭配】at random 任意地,随意地
4.regular /ˈreɡjələ(r)/adj. ①有规律的,定时的;②频繁的,经常做 (或发生) 的;③平常的,通常的
【联想】regularly adv. 有规律地,经常,均匀地
irregular adj. 没有规律的,不规则的
regularity n. 规律性,经常性
5.relevant /ˈreləvənt/adj. 贴切的,紧密相关的
【搭配】be relevant to 与…… 相关
6.remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/adj. 非凡的,奇异的,显著的
【联想】remark n. & v. 谈论,评论
remarkably adv. 引人注目地,明显地
7.same /seɪm/adj. ①相同的,同一的;②一模一样的 adv. 同样 pron. 同样的事物
【搭配】all/just the same 尽管如此,虽是这样
at the same time 同时,与此同时
the same as... 与…… 相同
(the) same to you 你也一样
8.secure /sɪˈkjʊə(r)/adj. ①安全的;②安心的;③牢靠的,稳固的 vt. ①获得;②保护;③栓牢,扣紧
【联想】security n. 安全,抵押品
9.senior /ˈsiːniə(r)/adj. ①地位高的;②高级水平的;③年纪大的;④毕业年级的 n. ①上司;②较…… 年长的人;③高年级学生
【搭配】be senior to 比…… 地位高,比…… 年长
10.separate /ˈseprət/adj. ①分开的,单独的,独立的;②不相关的 /ˈsepəreɪt/v. ①分割,(使) 分开;②(使) 分离,分散;③区别,区分
【搭配】separate...from... 使…… 和…… 分离
go your separate ways 分道扬镳,断绝往来
【联想】separately adv. 分别地,单独地
separation n. 分离,隔开
如: ...this unjust separation of people on the basis of skin colour was challenged....... 这种基于肤色的不公正的人群隔离受到了质疑。
Group 9
1.serious /ˈsɪəriəs/adj. ①严重的,有危险的;②重要的,须重视的;③严肃的,稳重的
【搭配】be serious about 对…… 严肃
I'm serious. 我是认真的
You can't be serious! 你一定是在开玩笑吧!
2.short /ʃɔːt/v. 无明确释义(推测为排版或录入残留 ) adj. ①短的;②个子矮的;③短缺,不足 adv. 缺少,不足
【搭配】be short of 短缺,不足
【联想】shortly adv. 不久,立刻
shortly after/before... …… 之后 / 之前不久
shortage n. 短缺,缺少
3.significant /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/adj. 重要的,有重大意义的,显著的
【联想】significance n. 重要性,意义
insignificant adj. 不重要的
significantly adv. 有重大意义地,显著地
4.similar /ˈsɪmələ(r)/adj. 相仿的,相像的
【搭配】be similar to 与…… 相像
如:Mary’s hat is similar to Jane’s. 玛丽的帽子和简的差不多。
be similar in 在…… 方面相似
【联想】similarity n. 相似性、相似处
similarly adv. 类似地;同样
(反) different adj. 不同的
5.smooth /smuːð/adj. ①光滑的;②平稳的 vt. 使平整,使平滑
【搭配】smooth away 消除,克服
smooth the way 铺平道路
smoothly adv. 平稳地,顺利地
6.soon /suːn/adv. ①不久,很快;②早,快
【搭配】as soon as 一…… 就
如:Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a larger one as soon as it becomes available. 暂时先用这间房子,我们一有大的就给你换。
no sooner...than 一…… 就,刚…… 就
sooner or later 迟早,早晚有一天
the sooner the better 尽早,越快越好
as soon as possible/as soon as you can 尽快
no sooner said than done 说干就干
7.sure /ʃʊə(r)/adj. ①确信,有把握;②一定,无疑 (将会得到或发生);③一定,无疑 (会做或会发生);④确切的,可靠的 adv. ①当然;②不用客气;③(加强语气) 确实,的确
【搭配】make sure 确保,设法保证
be sure of (doing) sth. 一定会……
be sure to do sth. 一定要,务必 (去做某事)
to be sure 诚然,固然,无可否认
for sure 无疑,肯定
【联想】surely adv. 当然,必定,想必
8.though /ðəʊ/adv. 可是,然而,不过 conj. 虽然,尽管,即使 (though 引导的让步状语从句可以和副词 yet 连用,但不能和 but 连用)
【搭配】as though/if 好像,仿佛
even though/if 即使,纵然
如:Even though the forest park is far away, a lot of tourists visit it every year. 尽管森林公园离得很远,但是每年仍有很多游客会去游览。
9.tired /ˈtaɪəd/adj. ①疲劳的,疲倦的;②厌烦,厌倦;③陈旧的
【搭配】be tired with sth. 由于…… 而疲倦
be tired of sb./sth./doing sth. 对…… 感到厌倦
如:After two years, Perugia got tired of waiting to be paid, and tried to sell the painting. 两年后,佩鲁贾厌倦了等待要钱,想卖掉这幅画。
【联想】tiring adj. 使人疲劳的,令人困倦的
tiredness n. 困倦,疲倦
tire v. (使) 疲劳,疲倦
10.tough /tʌf/adj. 坚韧不拔的,坚强的,棘手的,艰难的
【联想】toughen v. (使) 坚硬,使更坚强
toughly adv. 坚强地,顽强地
toughness n. 坚强,结实;费力,累人
Group 10
1.typical /ˈtɪpɪkl/adj. ①典型的,有代表性的;②一贯的,平常的;③不出所料,特有的
【搭配】be typical of... 是…… 的特点
It is typical of sb.to do sth. 做某事是某人的一贯作风。
如: Jack is late again. It is typical of him to keep others waiting. 杰克又迟到了,他一贯让别人等他。
【联想】typically adv. 典型地,一般,不出所料
2.upset /ʌpˈset/adj. 难过,不高兴 /ʌpˈset/v. ①使烦恼,使心烦意乱;②打乱,搅乱;③打翻,碰倒
【搭配】It upsets sb.to do sth. 做某事让某人生气 / 烦恼
It upsets sb.that... 让某人烦恼 / 生气
be upset about/at/that... 因…… 而生气 / 烦恼
3.urgent /ˈɜːdʒənt/adj. ①紧急的,迫切的;②催促的,急切的
【联想】urgently adv. 急切地,迫切地
urgency n. 紧急,迫切
4.usual /ˈjuːʒuəl/adj. 通常的,寻常的
【搭配】as usual 照例,照旧,像往常一样
【联想】usually adv. 通常地,一般地,经常地 (注意 usually 与 always,often,sometimes,seldom 在频度上的区别)
5.vital /ˈvaɪtl/adj. ①对…… 极重要的,必不可少的;②生气勃勃的,充满生机的
【搭配】be vital to/for sth. 对…… 来说至关重要
It is vital that... …… 至关重要。
6.welcome /ˈwelkəm/adj. 受欢迎的 v. 欢迎
【搭配】sb.be welcome to do sth. 乐于让某人做某事
welcome sb.to someplace 欢迎某人来某处
You are welcome! 别客气!/ 不用谢!
7.worth /wɜːθ/adj. ①有…… 价值;②(指行动) 值得;③值得 (费周折);④拥有…… 价值的财产 n. [U] ①价值 (十元、40 英镑等) 的东西;②作用,价值;③能用 (一个星期、一个月等) 的东西
【搭配】(1) worth + money 表示 “值…… 钱”。
(2) Sth.is (well) worth doing 意为 “……(很) 值得做”,虽然 do 与 sth. 为动宾关系,但在这个句型中动词 —ing 的主动形式表示被动意义。
如:The film is well worth seeing. 这部影片很值得一看。
(3) It is worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的。it 为形式主语,动词 —ing 短语为真正的主语。
【联想】worthless adj. 无价值的,无用的
8.worthwhile /ˈwɜːθwaɪl/adj. 值得花时间 / 努力的
【联想】It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth. 做某事是值得的。it 为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式短语 / 动词 —ing 短语。
9.worthy /ˈwɜːði/adj. 值得 (或应得)…… 的
【联想】Sth.is worthy of being done. 某事值得做。(do 与 sth. 为动宾关系,动词 —ing 用被动式)
Sth.is worthy to be done. 某事值得做。(do 与 sth. 为动宾关系,不定式用被动式)
10.wrong /rɒŋ/adj. ①有毛病,不正常;②不正确的;③不道德,不诚实;④不合适的,不适当的 adv. 不正确,错误地 n. [U] ①不义行为,欺骗行径;②[C] 犯罪,罪恶
【搭配】get sb.wrong 误解,误会某人
get sth.wrong ①误解,曲解某事;②把…… 搞错
go wrong ①犯错误,做错事;②发生故障,出毛病;③出现问题,遇到困难
do sb.wrong = do wrong to sb. 误解某人,对待某人不公平
What’s wrong (with...)? (……) 怎么了?/ 出什么问题了?
(24-25高三上·北京石景山·期末)Mia was known for her love of art. Every Friday, she and her classmates would gather in the art room for “Creative Hour”, a time to explore their 21 .
One day, the art teacher announced a competition where each student would create a painting that represented their dream for the future. Mia was excited but 22 . She wanted her painting to be perfect, reflecting her dream of a world where everyone could express themselves freely. As she began drawing, she felt weighed down by the pressure to 23 her classmates. Her friend Jake noticed her 24 and approached her.
“Why not just have fun with it?” he suggested. “Let your creativity flow!”
25 by Jake’ s words, Mia decided to focus on the joy of creating rather than 26 . As she drew, her painting came alive with bright colours, featuring dancing figures and drifting clouds. The art room was filled with laughter and chatter as everyone poured their hearts into their creations.
On the day the artworks were shown, Mia experienced a mix of excitement and anxiety. As the covering was lifted, her classmates burst into cheers, 27 by the joy and energy of her painting. At that time, Mia realized the competition didn’t 28 ; what truly counted was the bond and creativity they shared. Art was not just about perfection, but about 29 and joy. The painting became a lasting 30 of friendship and self-expression in their school, inspiring students to pursue their own dreams.
21.A.limits B.imaginations C.ambitions D.motivations
22.A.disappointed B.astonished C.worried D.scared
23.A.admire B.accompany C.impress D.convince
24.A.curiosity B.struggle C.passion D.failure
25.A.Amazed B.Annoyed C.Challenged D.Inspired
26.A.regretting B.checking C.winning D.appreciating
27.A.attracted B.supported C.pushed D.controlled
28.A.exist B.change C.improve D.matter
29.A.competition B.connection C.competence D.contribution
30.A.symbol B.manner C.policy D.desire
【答案】
21.B 22.C 23.C 24.B 25.D 26.C 27.A 28.D 29.B 30.A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了热爱艺术的Mia参加绘画比赛,起初因压力创作不顺,在朋友鼓励下专注创作,作品获认可,她也领悟到艺术真谛的故事。
21.考查名词词义辨析。句意:每周五,她和同学们都会聚集在美术室进行“创意时刻”,这是一个探索他们想象力的时间。A. limits限制;B. imaginations想象力;C. ambitions抱负;D. motivations动机。根据前文“Mia was known for her love of art”以及“Creative Hour”可推知,一群热爱艺术的人聚在美术室,参加“创意时刻”,这是他们用来探索想象力的时间。故选B项。
22.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Mia很兴奋但也很担心。A. disappointed失望的;B. astonished惊讶的;C. worried担心的;D. scared害怕的。根据后文“She wanted her painting to be perfect”和“As she began drawing, she felt weighed down by the pressure”可知,Mia想让她的画完美,但有压力,所以她既兴奋又担心。故选C项。
23.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当她开始画画时,她感到被要给同学们留下深刻印象的压力压得喘不过气来。A. admire钦佩;B. accompany陪伴;C. impress给……留下深刻印象;D. convince说服。根据前文“She wanted her painting to be perfect”可推知,Mia想让画完美,能给同学们留下深刻印象。故选C项。
24.考查名词词义辨析。句意:她的朋友Jake注意到了她的挣扎,便走近她。A. curiosity好奇心;B. struggle挣扎;C. passion热情;D. failure失败。根据前文“she felt weighed down by the pressure”可知,Mia在创作时有压力,处于挣扎状态。故选B项。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意:受到Jake的话的启发,Mia决定专注于创作的乐趣,而不是获胜。A. Amazed使惊奇;B. Annoyed使恼怒;C. Challenged挑战;D. Inspired启发,激励。根据后文“Mia decided to focus on the joy of creating”可知,Jake的话启发了Mia,让她改变了目标。故选D项。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意:受到Jake的话的启发,Mia决定专注于创作的乐趣,而不是获胜。A. regretting后悔;B. checking检查;C. winning获胜;D. appreciating欣赏。根据前文提到这是一场比赛,以及Mia之前的压力,可知她之前关注的是获胜,现在在朋友启发下转变了想法。故选C项。
27.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当覆盖物被揭开时,她的同学们爆发出欢呼声,被她画中的喜悦和活力所吸引。A. attracted吸引;B. supported支持;C. pushed推动;D. controlled控制。根据前文“her classmates burst into cheers”可知,同学们被画吸引了。故选A项。
28.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在那时,Mia意识到比赛并不重要;真正重要的是他们共享的情谊和创造力。A. exist存在;B. change改变;C. improve提高;D. matter重要。根据后文“what truly counted was the bond and creativity they shared”可知,比赛结果不重要。故选D项。
29.考查名词词义辨析。句意:艺术不仅仅关乎完美,还关乎情谊和快乐。A. competition竞争;B. connection情谊,联系;C. competence能力;D. contribution贡献。根据前文“the bond and creativity they shared”可知,这里强调的是艺术带来的情谊。故选B项。
30.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这幅画成为了他们学校友谊和自我表达的持久象征,激励着学生们去追求自己的梦想。A. symbol象征;B. manner方式;C. policy政策;D. desire欲望。根据后文“of friendship and self-expression in their school, inspiring students to pursue their own dreams.”可知,这幅画是友谊和自我表达的象征,激励着其他学生。故选A项。
考点四 阅读理解高频动词290词汇总
高考阅读常考—动词(290)
常考词
汉语
常考词
汉语
accumulate
积累
force
v.强迫
n.武力;暴力;力
affect
影响
foster
培养
analyze
分析
gain
获得
apologize
道歉
gather
聚集
approach
v. 靠近,接近
n. 方法; 靠近
graduate
毕业
assist
帮助
grasp
抓住
attack
攻击; 进攻
greet
打招呼
attend
出席; 注意;专心
guarantee
保证
benefit
v. 使受益;得益于
n.利益
guide
v.指引;指导
n.指南;手册; 导游
campaign
v.参加运动
n.运动;活动
handle
v.处理 n.把手
comfort
v.安慰n.舒服;安逸
hesitate
犹豫
comment
v.评论n.议论;评论
hide
隐藏
confirm
确认
hire
雇用
consume
消耗,耗费
hunt
打猎
count
数数;计算;重要
ignore
忽视
cure
治愈
fight
战斗;打仗
delay
延迟
import
进口
drop
v. 落下,掉下终止
n.滴
indicate
表明
encourage
鼓励
infect
感染
entertain
招待,款待;使快乐
infer
推断
escape
逃跑
inform
通知;告知
evaluate
评价
intend
打算;计划
exhibit
展览
interrupt
打断
experience
n.经验;经验
v.经历;经受
interview
采访;面试
fail
失败
introduce
介绍;引进
fit
适合
invent
发明
forecast
预测
invest
投资
form
v.成形; 产生
n.形式; 表格
fade
褪色;变淡,变暗
frighten
吓唬
kick
踢
handle
v. 处理 n.手柄
knock
敲
ignore
忽视
lead
领导
implant
植入
leak
泄漏
imply
暗指;说明
march
前进
impress
给…留下深刻的好印象
master
v.精通;掌握n.主人
introduce
介绍;引进
matter
v.事关紧要;要紧
n. 问题
involve
涉及;参与
measure
v.测量 n.措施;方法
kick
踢
memorize
记住
match
v.匹配
n.火柴;比赛
mislead
误导
prohibit
禁止
mix
混合
promote
促进
motivate
使有动机
publish
出版
note
v.注意;留意;指出
n.笔记
raise
提升,举起,筹集
obey
服从
recover
恢复;找回
object
v. 反对n.物体; 对象
refresh
使恢复精力
observe
观察;遵守
reject
拒绝
obtain
获得
represent
代表
offer
提供
require
要求
operate
操作;做手术
rescue
营救
oppose
反对
research
研究
organize
组织
respond
回应
originate
起源
return
返回
outbreak
爆发
risk
n.危险v.冒…风险
output
输出
ruin
v.毁坏;破坏n.废墟
overcome
克服
run
跑步;管理;经营
overhear
窃听器
seek
寻求
overlook
偶然听到
sentence
v.判刑 n.句子
perform
表演;执行
serve
服务
permit
许可
store
v.储存 n.商店
persuade
说服
suspect
v.怀疑n.嫌疑人
please
使高兴;请
transport
运输
point
v. 指,指向;瞄准
n.论点;观点
weigh
权衡
possess
拥有
abandon
离弃,遗弃
post
邮递;张贴;公布
absorb
吸收
predict
预测
remove
去除
preferred
更喜欢
accompany
陪伴
prohibit
禁止
achieve
实现
promote
促进;推动;促销;晋升
acknowledge
承认
pronounce
发音
acquire
获得
propose
建议
adjust
调节;适应
prove
证明
adopt
采用;领养
publish
出版
advertise
做广告;登广告
punish
惩罚
affect
影响
purchase
购买
afford
负担得起
ensure
确保
aid
帮助
react
反应
analyze
分析
recognize
认出;识别
mention
提到
recommend
推荐;建议
approve
赞成;批准
reduce
减少
argue
争论;主张
reflect
反映
arise
发生;产生
reform
改革
assess
评估
refuse
拒绝
deserve
应得;值得
regain
再次得到
attract
吸引
register
登记
bite
咬
release
释放
blame
责备
rent
v. 租用 n.租金
block
v. 阻碍n.大块;街区
replace
代替
boom
v.轰鸣; 迅速发展
n. 激增,繁荣
request
请求
bounce
弹起,弹跳
rescue
营救
breathe
呼吸
research
研究
brighten
照亮; (使)快活起来
respond
回应
broadcast
广播
retire
退休
bury
埋葬
review
复习;检查;评论
calculate
计算
revise
修改
campaign
v.参加运动
n.运动;活动; 战役
reward
奖励; 回报;报酬
cancel
取消
encourage
鼓励
cause
v. 造成;引起n.原因
roll
翻滚,滚动
charge
要价;指控;负责;充电
extend
延伸
chatted
闲聊
sacrifice
牺牲
cheat
欺骗; 作弊
scan
扫描
check
检查
scream
尖叫
combine
结合
explain
解释
favor
赞成; 喜爱
select
选择;挑选
communicate
沟通
settle
解决;定居
compete
竞争
shake
摇动;抖动
complain
抱怨
shoot
射击;拍摄
complete
完成
sob
抽噎
concern
涉及; 让(某人)担忧
specialize
专门从事
conclude
得出结论
spin
旋转
conduct
组织;安排
spread
传播
confirm
确认
squeeze
挤压
consider
考虑
starve
饿死
consume
消费
state
v.陈述;说明
n. 状态;情况;国家;州
contact
接触
step
v.迈步;踩n.步伐;一步
contain
包含
stick
v. 刺;戳;插入粘贴
n. 枝条
continue
持续
strengthen
加强
convey
传达
stress
v.强调 n. 压力
convince
使确信;使相信;说服
stretch
伸展
cooperate
合作
study
学习;研究
fold
折叠
substitute
代替
cover
v.遮盖n.覆盖物;封面
succeed
成功
crash
碰撞;倒闭;崩溃
summarize
总结
create
创造
sunburn
晒伤
damage
损害
supply
供给
dare
敢
survive
幸存
deal
v.处理 n.大量;交易
sweep
打扫
debate
辩论
threaten
威胁
declare
公布;宣布
toast
干杯
decline
下降;拒绝
transfer
转移
deepen
深化
transform
使改变形态
defeat
击败
translate
翻译
delay
延迟
transport
运输
deliver
递送;接生;做讲座
unfold
展开;打开
deny
否认
update
更新
depart
离开;起程
upgrade
升级
design
设计
vote
投票
despite
尽管
weigh
权衡
destroy
破坏
whisper
耳语
dig
挖掘
widen
拓宽
digest
消化;理解
wipe
擦
distinguish
区分
envy
嫉妒
distribute
分配
estimate
估计
disturb
打扰
evaluate
评价
dive
潜水
examine
检查
divide
分开,分散
exchange
交换
donate
捐赠
exhibit
展览
drag
拖,拉,拽
exist
存在
draw
画;拖(动);拉(动);吸引,使感兴趣
fasten
系牢
考点五 完形填空高频动词252词汇总
完形填空高频动词252词
英文
中文
英文
中文
accompany
陪伴;附有
respond
回应
leave
离开;让…处于
;余下
fall apart
散架;垮掉;崩溃
relieve
缓解
risk
冒…的风险
get hold of
领会;弄懂
search
搜索
urge
敦促;催促
appear
出现
arrange
安排
tour
在…旅游;在…巡回演出
put forward
提出
challenge
挑战
sacrifice
牺牲
stay with
呆在一起
notice
请注意
hear
听到
permit
许可
call on
呼吁
receive
收到
spend
花
refuse
拒绝
rely on
依靠
replace
取代
decorate
装修
treat
治疗;对待
look for
寻找
appeal
呼吁; 吸引
invite
邀请
wonder
想知道;惊讶
look at
看
order
命令;订购;订货;点(酒菜等)
come down
下来
preserve
保存;保护
consider
考虑
pack up
打包
beat out
打败;击败
comfort
安慰
give way to
向…让步
keep off
不接近
fight
打仗;战斗;打架
step forward
向前走
promote
促进
put on
穿上
attempt
尝试
admit
承认;准许…进入
reject
拒绝
predict
预测
charge
要价;指控;负责;充电
get through
完成;使明白;通过电话;通过(考试)
struggle
斗争;奋斗;努力
take charge of
负责
occur
发生
select
选择
look after
照顾
read out
读出,朗读
happen
发生
step forward
向前走
repeat
重复
confirm
确认
provide
提供
imagine
想象
wear
穿
analyze
分析
move up
向上移动
promise
承诺
interrupt
打断
blame
责怪;指责
participate in
参与
hold onto
握住;抓牢;稍等;等一下
create
创造;创作
persuade
说服
pull
拉
produce
生产
miss
错过;思念
offer
提供
back off
后退
quarrel
争吵
mix
混合
recite
背诵
turn back
返回;(使)折回
contribute
捐献,捐赠
go to waste
浪费
hang out
晾晒(洗好的衣物);闲逛
fail
失败
bath
给…洗澡;洗澡
take off
起飞;脱下;成功
spread out
展开;分散
take place of
代替
measure
测量
take over
接管
ignore
忽略
turn in
上交;提交
improve
改善
lack
缺乏
lend
借出
open up
打开
restrict
限制
suffer
遭受
throw at
投向
go away
离开;消失
set a trap of
设圈套
recognize
认出;辨别出
quit
离开;辞职
pretend
假装
examine
检查
decrease
减少
save
救;储蓄;攒钱
satisfy
使满足
point
指向;瞄准
criticize
批评
come through
通过
walk around
四处走动
deserve
值得;应得
connect
连接
evaluate
评估
prevent
防止
adopt
收养;采取
recommend
推荐;建议
travel
旅行;行进
lead
带路;领路;通向
observe
观察;遵守
organize
组织
strike
撞;碰;罢工
lie
谎言;躺;位于
lose
失去
prove
证明
send
发送
forecast
预测
apply
应用;申请;涂;敷
simplify
简化
reply
回复
delay
延迟
know about
知道;了解
book
预定
wave at
朝…挥手(致意)
owe
欠
remind
提醒;使想起
set out
出发
play with
玩
pass
通过
ran
跑;经营
beat
击败
post
寄;邮寄;张贴;发布
affect
影响
inspire
激励;鼓舞
complain
抱怨
argue
争论;争辩;认为
translate
翻译
perform
表演;执行
give away
赠送;泄漏
carry
携带
break
打破
deal with
处理
put up
建造;搭起;设立;张贴
discover
发现
skip
跳
rise
上升
take hold of
抓住
calm
使镇静
warn
警告
appreciate
欣赏;感激
go back to
回到
describe
描述
come across
偶然发现;偶然遇见
sight
看到
blow up
爆炸;炸毁
continue
继续
mean
意思是;打算
fade away
逐渐消失
roll down
滚下
contact
联系
suggest
建议;表明
collect
收集
follow
跟随;跟着;遵循
settle up
付清(债务);结清
respect
尊重
show off
展示
expect
预料;期待
live up to
不辜负
look up
查找
work out
计算出
try out
尝试
earn
赚
acquire
获得;购得
walk up
向上走;沿…走去
put up with
忍受
take advantages of
利用
hold up
举起
check
检查
survive
幸存;幸免于难
annoy
使恼怒;使生气
stay
停留;待;保持
direct
指导;指挥
support
支持
reach
达到
run off
跑开了
point at
指向
pass by
经过
put down
放下
request
请求
advertise
做广告
spoil
破坏
mix up
混淆
believe
相信
pick up
拿起;接;学会
bargain
讨价还价
turn away
拒绝…进入
store up
储存
express
表达
choose
选择
block
堵塞;阻塞
test
测试
hit
打击;突然意识到
march into
行进,进入
match
匹配
read
读;写着
turn
转
return
返回;归还
turn down
拒绝
allow
允许
suppose
假设;认为
attend
出席;参加
wander
漫步
picture
想象
convince
使确信;使相信
present
给;呈现;主持
trust
信任
seem
似乎
rescue
营救
turn into
变成
announce
宣布
dive
潜水
donate
捐赠
cure
治愈
expose
暴露
praise
赞美;表扬
persuade
说服
search for
搜索
astonish
使惊讶
slip away
悄悄溜走
go on sale
出售
bother
打扰
threaten
威胁
hide
隐藏
prohibit
禁止
explore
探索
embarrass
使尴尬
excuse
原谅;宽恕
doubt
怀疑
drop off
中途放下(某人);中途卸下(某物)
rent
租
come on
(表示鼓励)来吧;加把劲
show up
出现
return
返回;归还
turn around
转身
point out
指出
regard
将…认为;把…视为
hurry down
赶快下来
set off
出发
turn out
结果
put away
收好
settle down
安定下来
postpone
推迟
discourage
使灰心;使泄气
turn up
出现
pay off
偿清,还清(债务)
count
数数;计算;重要
feel
感觉
forbid
禁止
practice
实践
come down
下来
lend
借出
come over
过来
play jokes on
戏弄
beat out
击败
cheer for
为…喝彩叫好
cheat
作弊
disturb
打扰
come over
过来
crash
碰撞;撞击;
defend
防御;保护;保卫
approach
靠近,接近
ski
滑雪
report
报告
advise
建议
accept
接受
think of
想到
encourage
鼓励
form
形成;成立
clarify
阐明;澄清
admire
欣赏;赞美;钦佩
tremble
颤抖;哆嗦,抖动
matter
重要
explain
解释
inform
通知
require
需要;要求
gather
收集
drop along
逐步敲击
come into effect
生效
come in
进来
cheer
欢呼
afford
负担得起
manage
管理,设法做成
make up
组成;编造;化妆
run over
撞倒,碾过
pace down
沿…走
turn to
转向;求助于
fix
使固定;安装;修理
roll over
滚动
study
研究
prepare
准备
share
分享
force
强迫
stare
盯着看
shake
摇
serve
提供服务;端上
steal
偷
reserve
预订,预约;保留;贮备
sponsor
赞助
cancel
取消
affect
影响
change
改变
cause
导致;引起
assist
协助
solve
解决
defeat
击败;战胜
hesitate
犹豫
record
记录
adapt
适应
take up
开始从事;喜欢上;占用;占据,占有
regret
后悔;遗憾
register for
注册
put off
推迟
give up
放弃
agree
同意
repair
修复
fill
填满
support
支持
beg
祈求
believe in
相信
scold
训斥,责骂
move on
继续前进
draw
画画;拖(动);拉(动);吸引,使感兴趣
stick
刺;戳;粘贴;坚持
apologize
道歉
run into
遇到(问题、困难等);车辆)意外撞上
bear
忍受;携带
realize
意识到
declare
公布;宣布
conduct
组织;安排;实施
(24-25高三上·北京西城·期末)On July 22nd, 18-year-old Colleen Knull, a volunteer firefighter, faced a dangerous situation when a wildfire rapidly spread through Jasper National Park.
Knull, with less than a year of experience at the Ender by Fire Department, spotted 31 rising from the mountainside. Her training immediately 32 . “I saw the smoke and used some of the knowledge I had gained to read it, understand the wind direction, and 33 how close the fire was,” she said.
Before an official evacuation (疏散) order was issued, Knull decided to act. She began knocking on cabin doors at the lodge (旅馆), 34 guests about the fire. Then, realizing that hikers at a nearby campground were unaware of the 35 , she quickly walked up the trail to evacuate them.
Leading a group of 16 people, Knull guided them on a tough, four-hour hike through thick smoke and difficult conditions. “The smoke was heavy, my eyes were burning, and ash kept falling,” said Rebecca Tocher, one of the hikers. Despite these 36 , Knull remained calm and kept the group focused.
Knull’s familiarity with the area and her firefighting skills proved 37 . After hours of struggling, the group finally made it out of the smoky forest and reached a safe area where help was waiting.
Authorities later 38 Knull’s efforts, calling her a hero for her calmness and leadership under extreme pressure. For Knull, the experience was a powerful reminder of the importance of preparation and community. “I didn’t do it alone,” she said 39 . “The training I received and the 40 the group placed in me made it possible.”
31.A.dust B.smoke C.cloud D.steam
32.A.kicked in B.gave out C.added up D.caught on
33.A.show B.prove C.assess D.track
34.A.calling B.asking C.teaching D.warning
35.A.program B.danger C.arrangement D.fear
36.A.challenges B.limitations C.findings D.consequences
37.A.unique B.cautious C.vital D.popular
38.A.evaluated B.supported C.applauded D.resisted
39.A.humbly B.confidently C.honestly D.nervously
40.A.honor B.gratitude C.request D.trust
【答案】
31.B 32.A 33.C 34.D 35.B 36.A 37.C 38.C 39.A 40.D
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲述的是18岁的志愿消防员科琳·克诺尔(Colleen Knull)在加拿大贾斯珀国家公园(Jasper National Park)野火迅速蔓延时的英勇表现。
31.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Knull在安德消防部门工作不到一年,他发现山坡上冒出了烟。A. dust灰尘;B. smoke烟;C. cloud云;D. steam蒸汽。根据下文“I saw the smoke”可知,他是发现山坡上冒烟了。故选B。
32.考查动词短语辨析。句意:她的训练立刻起了作用。A. kicked in开始生效;B. gave out分发;C. added up加起来;D. caught on变得流行。根据下文“used some of the knowledge I had gained to read it”可知,她平时的训练起了作用,空格处意为“开始生效”。故选A。
33.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她说:“我看到了烟雾,并利用我所掌握的一些知识来解读它,了解风向,并评估火势有多近。”A. show展示;B. prove证明;C. assess评估;D. track跟踪。根据下文“how close the fire was”可知,她评估火势有多近。故选C。
34.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她开始敲小屋的门,警告客人着火了。A. calling打电话;B. asking问;C. teaching教;D. warning警告。根据下文“guests about the fire”可知,她是警告那些客人着火了。故选D。
35.考查名词词义辨析。句意:然后,她意识到附近露营地的徒步旅行者没有意识到危险,她迅速走上小路疏散他们。A. program项目;B. danger危险;C. arrangement安排;D. fear害怕。根据上文“the fire”可知,起火了,很危险,但是那些旅行者没有意识到危险。故选B。
36.考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管面临这些挑战,Knull仍然保持冷静,让团队保持专注。A. challenges挑战;B. limitations局限性;C. findings发现;D. consequences后果。根据上文“The smoke was heavy, my eyes were burning, and ash kept falling”可知,烟很重,火挺大的,这对她来说是挑战。故选A。
37.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Knull对该地区的熟悉和她的消防技能证明是至关重要的。A. unique独特的;B. cautious谨慎的;C. vital至关重要的;D. popular受欢迎的。根据上文“Knull’s familiarity with the area and her firefighting skills”可知,Knull对该地区的熟悉和她的消防技能证明是至关重要的。故选C。
38.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当局后来赞扬了Knull的努力,称她为英雄,因为她在极端压力下的冷静和领导能力。A. evaluated评价;B. supported支持;C. applauded称赞,赞许;D. resisted抵抗。根据下文“calling her a hero for her calmness and leadership under extreme pressure”可知,当局赞扬了她。故选C。
39.考查副词词义辨析。句意:“我不是一个人干的,”她谦虚地说。A. humbly谦虚地;B. confidently自信地;C. honestly诚实地;D. nervously紧张地。根据上文“I didn’t do it alone”可知,她谦虚地说不是她一个人干的。故选A。
40.考查名词词义辨析。句意:我所接受的训练和团队对我的信任使得这一切成为可能。A. honor荣誉;B. gratitude感激;C. request要求;D. trust信任。根据倒数第三段“kept the group focused”和下文“the group placed in me made it possible”可知,团队是信任她的,她所接受的训练和团队对她的信任使得这一切成为可能。故选D。
考点六 高频核心动词知识点梳理
Group1
1.adopt
一,变形:adopts; adopting; adopted; adopted;
二,词义:vt.
1)领养 adopt a child
2)采纳,接受(方法,态度)
e.g. They adopted three ways to solve the problems.
n. adoption
三, 形近词:adapt (to)调整;适应
2.advise
一,变形: advises; advising; advised; advised;
二, 词义:
Vt. 1)advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事;
e.g. I advise you to make a negotiation with Professor. Smith.
2) advise doing sth. 建议做某事
e.g. I advise booking the hotel in advance.
三、拓展:1)n. (U)advice;a piece of advice;
3.Consult
一,变形:consults; consulting; consulted; consulted;
二,词义:Vt.
1)咨询,请教
e.g. If you have problems, please consult your lawyer.
2) consult with sb. on/about sth.关于某事与某人商量
e.g. You should consult with your teachers on the courses.
3) 查阅,参看
e.g. Consult the manual on how to use it.
n (C) consultant,. 顾问
三,近义: refer to查阅,参看
4.occupy
一,变形:Occupies; occupying; occupied;
二,词义;vt.使从事;使忙碌;占有
1)使用,占用(时间,空间,面积等) e.g. occupy time
2)使从事;使忙于…
Occupy sb./sth./ oneself (in doing sth)
e.g. She occupies herself with many tasks.
3)占领;侵占
e.g. The city was occupied by the army.
三,近义:
1)占用时间:take up
2)使从事/忙于 engage in…
四,派生:occupation,n. (U)侵占/占领;(C)工作/职业;
5.memorize
一,变形:memorizes; memorizing; memorized; memorized;
二,词义:记住,记忆
e.g. You should memorize the way to school.
三,派生:memory, n. (C)记忆,记性
Good /bad memory 记忆力好/不好;
In memory of sb.纪念某人
e.g. We draw a picture in memory of our friendship.
拓展:ise=ize “使”;advertise; criticize; authorize
6.stick
一,变形:sticks;sticking; stuck; stuck;
二,词义:.1.
1)Vt.将…刺入;戳;插入;stick sth. in/into sth.
e.g. The needle is stuck into my arm.
2)vt. 粘贴
e.g. I stuck the pictures into the album.
3)vi. 卡住;阻塞
e.g. The key has stuck in the hole.
4) stick at sth 坚持做某事;
e.g. You have to stick at your plan.
5) stick out 显眼,引人注意;
e.g. Your accent sticks out.
2. n. (C)枝条;棍子;
7.acquire
一,变形:acquires; acquiring; acquired; acquired;
二, 词义:
vt.获得,得到(知识,名声)
e.g. acquire knowledge/reputation
三, 近义:get; obtain
1)Get 收到;得到(不需要强调努力的过程)
2)obtain 通过努力获得(信息,许可)obtain information/permission
8.instruct
一,变形: instructs; instructing; instructed; instructed
二,词义:Vt.
1)(fml))命令,指示;
e.g. His boss instructs him to do it immediately.
2) 教授,传授(技能);
e.g. All the workers are instructed to learn English.
派生:n. Instruction; instructive, adj.
三, 近义: direct, command, order
1)Order(利用职位/权利)指挥,命令;
2)instruct(正式/官方方式)命令;
3)direct指正式发出指示、命令
4) command指利用权力命令
recommend建议,推荐
9. Weep
一,变形:weeps; weeping; wept;wept;
三,词义:
vi.1)(因悲伤)哭泣,流泪
e.g. weep for joy高兴得流泪;
e.g. weep over one’s death 因某人过世而哭泣;
2) 流出;渗出;
e.g. The water weeps out from the dirt.
n. 哭泣;落泪;
10. stress
一. 变形:stresses; stressing; stressed; stressed;
二,词义 Vt. 1)stress sth.重视;着重
e.g. stress the importance of education
2) stress out 使焦虑不安
e.g. Do not stress out when you are giving a speech.
n.1) (U) 精神压力
e.g. suffer from stress有精神压力;
e.g. cope with stress处理压力
2)(U)lay stress on…重视,强调
e.g. The teacher laid stress on homework.
三,近义:emphasize, vt.
11. urge.
一,变形 urges; urging; urged; urged
二, 词义vt. (1) 催促某人做某事urge sb. to do sth.
e.g. He urges the boy to walk fast.
( 2)强烈要求,极力推荐;urges sth,
e.g. The situation urges immediate action.
n. (C) 欲望,冲动
三,派生:urgent, adj.紧急的,迫切的
12. terrify
一,变形:terrifies ;terrifying: terrified: terrified
二,词义:
vt.使恐惧,恐吓 e.g. The dog terrifies the boy.
三.派生:
1) terrified, adj. 主语是人:terrifying, adj. 主语是物
2) terrorist, n . (C)恐怖分子
三,拓展:-fy使…satisfy; intensify; gratify
13. swear
一,变形:swears: swearing: swore: sworn
二,词义:
Vi. 1) ~ (at sb/sth) 咒骂;诅咒;
e.g. She fell over and swore at others.
2) 郑重承诺;发誓要;表示决心要
e.g. I swear that I will past the test.
三,同义: curse, vi; n. (C) 诅咒;咒语
14. arrange
一,变形:arranges: arranging: arranged: arranged
二,词义:Vt. 1)安排,筹备; e.g. arrange a meeting;
2) 布置,整理;e.g. arrange the flowers in the vase;
派生:n. (C), arrangement
15. support
一,变形:supports: supporting: supported: supported
二,词义:Vt. 1) 鼓励,支持;
e.g. Parents support their children.
2) 帮助,援助
e.g. He supports the poor.
3) 支撑e.g. The board supports the baby..
n. (U)鼓励,资助;
三, 同义: help, n.(U) /vt.; encourage, vt. Encouragement, n. (C);
16. achieve
一,变形:achieves: achieving: achieved: achieved
二,词义:
Vt. (凭长期努力)获得,达到(某目标、地位、标准)
e.g. He finally achieved success.
三,同义:attain, vt. (通常经过努力)获得,得到;
e.g. attain a licence
四,派生 achievement, n. (C) 成就,成绩;
(U)完成e.g.a sense of achievement
17. grasp
一,变形:grasps: grasping: grasped: grasped
二,词义:
vt. 1) 抓紧;抓牢
e.g. He grasped my hand
2) 理解;领会;领悟;
e.g. They failed to grasp the importance of education.
三,同义:hold on抓住,不松手;
cling(用身体)紧抱;
clutch(用手)抓紧;
18. announce
一,变形:announces: announcing: announced: announced
二,词义:
vt. 1) announce sth. to sb. 宣布,宣告(决定、计划等)
2)声称;宣称
e.g. She announces that she will give up smoking.
n. announcement
三,近义辨析:
1)declare (fml)官方宣布:declare war
2)indicate (fml) 表明,暗示
3) announce 正式宣布计划;决定
19. mark
一,变形:marks: marking: marked: marked
二,词义:
Vt. 1) mark A (with B) 做记号,做标记
e.g. Mark the goods with different pens.
2) 打分;
e.g. The teachers have to mark students’ homework.
n. (C) 分数,记号; 污点,疤痕;
三,同义:sign. N. (迹象,手势);symbol(标志,象征)
Group 2
1、prove
一、变形:过去式: proved 过去分词: proven 现在分词: proving 第三人称单数: proves
二、词义:
1)V-LINK 证明是;原来是;结果是
We have been accused of exaggerating before, but unfortunately all our reports proved to be true...
以前一直有人指责我们夸大事实,但遗憾的是,我们所有的报道都证明是真实的。
In the past this process of transition has often proven difficult. 过去这一过渡过程常常很艰难。
2)VERB 证明;证实
You brought this charge. You prove it!... 你提出了这项控告。你拿出证据来!
The results prove that regulation of the salmon farming industry is inadequate.
结果证明对鲑鱼饲养行业的管理不够完善。
3)VERB 证明;显示
Margaret proved herself to be a good mother... 玛格丽特证明了自己是个好妈妈。
As a composer he proved himself adept at large dramatic forms... 身为作曲家的他证明了自己在创作大型戏剧方面驾轻就熟。
4)PHRASE 证明自己的能力(或知识)
They made a 3,000 mile detour simply to prove a point. 他们绕行3,000英里只是为了证明自己能够做到。
三、常用词组
prove out 成功:结果很好;成功
12、reward n./vt.
一、词义:
1、n. 复数: rewards
1) N-COUNT 奖励;奖赏
A bonus of up to 5 per cent can be added to a pupil's final exam marks as a reward for good spelling and grammar.
小学生期末考试的分数最多可以加5分,作为对其拼写和语法正确的奖励。
2) N-COUNT 报答;回报;酬谢
Potentially high financial rewards are attached to senior hospital posts.
当上医院的高级职员就有可能享受丰厚的经济报酬。
2、vt. 过去式: rewarded 过去分词: rewarded 现在分词: rewarding 第三人称单数: rewards
词义:奖赏;奖励;酬谢
Make the extra effort to impress the buyer and you will be rewarded with a quicker sale.
多用心去打动顾客,货物就会更快售出。
二、常用词组:
to reward sb for sth因某事而奖励某人
People should be rewarded for special effort.格外出力的人应该受到奖励。
三、同义词辨析
award : 侧重指官方或经正式研究裁决后对有功者或竞赛优胜者所给予的奖励。
reward : 指对品德高尚和勤劳的人所给予的奖励。也可指为某事付酬金。
13、.appear v.
appear v.
一、变形:过去式: appeared 过去分词: appeared 现在分词: appearing 第三人称单数: appears
二、词义:
1)出现, 显现,呈现
We expected him, but he never appeared.
我们等他, 他却一直没来。
2)好像;似乎;看来
The aircraft appears to have crashed near Katmandu.飞机似乎在加德满都附近坠毁了。
3)(书籍等)出版,发表,问世
I could hardly wait for 'Boys' World' to appear each month. 每个月我都翘首期盼着《男孩世界》的出版。
link-v. 显得, 似乎,看来
It appeared that he had a taste for music.看来他对音乐还有一定的鉴赏力。
Appearances
一、变形:复数: appearances
二、词义:
1)) 出现;显现
The prompt appearance of the police prevented trouble.警察的迅速出现防止了骚乱的发生。
2)外表;外貌,外观
She takes great care over her appearance.她很注重自己的外表。
三、常用词组
1、keep up appearances (尤指为了掩饰真实情况而)维持门面,装门面,装体面
2、make (或 put in) an appearance尤指出于礼节而)短时间到场,露面,亮相
3、to (或 by) all appearances 就表面看来,就所能看到的情况而言
To all appearances, it had been a normal day.
四、同义词辨析
appearance, look, face,这些名词均含事物或人的"外表,容貌"之意。
appearance : 普通用词,着重由总体产生的印象。
look : 普通用词,多用复数,可与appearance换用,但较口语化。
face : 侧重指容貌。
15、figure n./v.
一、词义
1. n. 复数: figures
1)数字;位数
It would be very nice if we had a true figure of how many people in this country haven't got a job.
如果我们能得到该国失业人口的真实数字就好了。
2) N-COUNT 人影;身影
She waited, standing on the bridge, until his figure vanished against the grey backdrop of the Palace.
她站在桥上,一直等到他的身影消失在宫殿灰色的阴影中。
3) N-COUNT 体形;身材
Take pride in your health and your figure.为自己的健康和体形感到骄傲吧。
4) 人物;雕像;塑像
Daniel Boone, the great hero figure of the frontier丹尼尔·布恩——西部伟大的英雄形象
2. v. 过去式: figured 过去分词: figured 现在分词: figuring 第三人称单数: figures
1)以为;推断;认为
She figured that both she and Ned had learned a lot from the experience.
她认为自己和内德都从这一经历中学到了很多东西。
2)计算
I figured the total to be more than Jan made it.我算出的总数比简算出的多。
常用词组:
1、to figure sth out | to figure out sth 算出
Can you figure out the price per kilo for me?
你能帮我算算每千克的价格吗?
2、to figure sth/sb out | to figure out sth/sb想出;理解;弄清
It took them about one month to figure out how to start the equipment.他们花了约一个月的时间才搞清楚如何启动这一设备。
3、to figure sth up | to figure up sth 把…总计起来
Give me a minute to figure up how much you owe me.给我一分钟时间合计一下你欠我多少钱。
16、profit n./v.
一、词义:
1. n. 复数: profits
1) 利润;收益
You can improve your chances of profit by sensible planning.可以通过合理规划来提高盈利的可能性。
常用词组:to make a profit 盈利;获利
Despite the huge costs of setting it up, the exhibition made a profit.尽管展览举办费用高昂,但还是有所盈利。
2)获利;盈利to sell sth. at a profit 出售某物获利
I sold my shares in the company at a profit.
我卖掉了公司的股份,从中赚了一笔。
2. v. 过去式: profited 过去分词: profited 现在分词: profiting 第三人称单数: profits
1) 盈利;获取利润;赚钱
He has profited by selling his holdings to other investors.他将自己的股票卖给其他投资者,从中获利。
2) 得益(于);对…有益;对…有好处
So far the French alliance had profited the rebels little.到目前为止叛军都没有从法国同盟那里获得什么好处。
profitable adj.
一、词义:
1) 盈利的;有利润的;赚钱的
Drug manufacturing is the most profitable business in America.
制药业是美国利润最丰厚的业务。
2)有利可图的;有益的;有用的
a profitable exchange of personnel and ideas
人员和思想的有益交流
17、campaign n./vi
一、词义:
1. n. 复数: campaigns
1) (为达到社会、政治或商业目的而进行的)运动,活动
Apacs has launched a campaign to improve the training of staff.雅拍公司开展了加强员工培训的活动。
常用词组:
a campaign against sth. 反对…的运动
the campaign against public smoking反对在公共场所吸烟的运动
a campaign to get sth. done 促成某事的运动
a campaign to get the prisoners released一场争取囚犯获释的运动
2)(包括一系列战斗的)战役
a bombing campaign轮番轰炸
2. v. 过去式: campaigned 现在分词: campaigning 第三人称单数: campaigns
1) 发起运动;开展活动
They have been campaigning to improve the legal status of women.他们一直在为提高妇女的法律地位而奔走呼号。
常用词组:
to campaign for sth为…宣传呼吁
He campaigned for political reform.他宣传呼吁进行政治改革。
to campaign against sth宣传呼吁反对…
The union has campaigned against the legislation.工会积极活动反对这一立法。
2)作战
The 10th Cavalry campaigned in the Southern Plains from 1867 to 1875.
第10骑兵部队于1867年到1875年间在南部平原作战。
二、同义词辨析
battle, war, campaign这些名词均有"战斗,战争"之意。
battle : 侧重指战争中的一次较全面、时间较长的战斗,也指陆军或海军在某一特定地区进行的战斗,或个人之间的争斗。
war : 是战争的总称,一般指包括多个战役的大规模战争。
campaign : 通常指在一场大的战争中在某一地区进行的一连串有既定目的的军事行动。也可作引申用。
19、target n./v.
一、词义
1. n. 复数: targets
1)(袭击的)目标,对象,靶子
All the missiles hit the designated targets.所有导弹都击中了指定目标。
2)目的;目标
the park's annual target of 11 million visitors公园每年接纳1,100万游客的目标
常用词组:
1. to set a target制订目标
2.to meet a target | to meet your target达到目标
3.to miss your target | to miss the target未达到目标
4. on target 击中要害的,准确的:完全准确的、精确的或有效的
observations that were right on target
2. v. 过去式: targeted过去分词: targeted 现在分词: targeting第三人称单数: targets
1) 攻击;批评;以…为攻击目标
He targets the economy as the root cause of the deteriorating law and order situation.
他抨击经济是治安状况不断恶化的根源。
2) 瞄准;面向;尽力吸引
The company has targeted adults as its primary customers.
这家公司将成年人作为其主要顾客。
20、burden n./v.
一、词义:
1. n. 复数: burdens
1) 重担;负担
The developing countries bear the burden of an enormous external debt.
发展中国家承受着巨大的外债负担。
词组:to be a burden to sb | to be a burden on sb成为某人的负担
She went into a nursing home so as not to be a burden on her family.
为了不成为家庭的负担,她进了养老院。
2)重负;负荷;负重
A vastly disproportionate burden falls on women for child care.
照料孩子的重担落在了女性身上。
2. v. 过去式: burdened 过去分词: burdened 现在分词: burdening 第三人称单数: burdens
1)加负荷于;使负担
They could bring more accountability to tourist operators and tourists without burdening the taxpayer too much.
他们可以让旅行社和游客承担更多责任,而不给纳税人过多的负担。
词组:to burden sb. with sth. 用…烦扰某人
I would not dream of burdening anyone with my problems.
我压根不想拿我的问题去烦扰任何人。
Group3
1、control verb, n.
一、词义:v.
过去式: controlled 过去分词: controlled 现在分词: controlling 第三人称单数: controls
1)控制, 抑制, 支配
He tried to control me.他试图支配我。
I couldn't control myself, and I hit him.我气得不得了就打了他。
2)管理, 操纵
A captain controls his ship and its crew.船长管理他的船和船上的船员。
3)克制,约束
He controlled his anger and left the school.他压住怒火离开了学校。
4)核实;验证;检查
The accounts of the whole company are controlled in this department.
整个公司的账目都是由这个部门检查。
二、n.1)控制, 支配, 管理
She argued for import control.她主张实行进口限制。
2)管理手段
She explained the controls of the washing machine.她解释了这台洗衣机的控制系统。
三、常用词组
1)in control(对形势、人或活动)能指挥的,能控制的
2)out of control失去控制
3)under control(危险,紧急情况)处于控制之下
eg:It took two hours to bring the blaze under control.
2、test noun, verb
一.词义:n.
1)测验
The candidate has passed all the tests.那个应试者已通过所有的考试。
2)化验
You'd better not eat anything before a blood test.在验血前你最好不要吃任何东西。
3)试验, 检验
Tests have shown that these new tyres are significantly safer.试验表明这些新的轮胎要安全得多。
4)考验
Obviously they were putting him to a severe test.显然他们是在给他以严峻的考验。
5)试验品, 试金石; 试验的手段
Employers will use this agreement as a test in dealing with future wage claims.
雇主们将这份协议当作处理未来加薪要求的判断准绳。
vt.1)测验, 考查, 检查, 检验
I'll test my judgement.我要考查一下自己的判断能力。
2)考验
Your patience is tested by time.时间将考验你的耐心。
vi.1)测得结果
He tested high in English, but low in Physics.他在英语测验中考了高分,但在物理测验中却考出低分。
2)进行试验;进行测验;测试鉴定(与for连用)
He used different methods to test for allergies.他用不同的方法测定变态反应性。
二、常用词组
1)put someone/thing to the test 使经受考验;检验;试验
2)stand the test of time 经得起时间的考验(或检验等)
3)test the water 试探,摸底
三、同义词
examination, test, quiz, exam 这些名词均含"考试"之意。
examination : 通常指为检查学生知识或能力而举行的正式考试,有时也指临时考试。
test : 多指有具体目的的临时性考试或小考。
quiz : 指时间较短,随时进行的口头或书面的非正式测验。
exam系examination的缩略形式,口语用词,通俗。
3、admire v.
一、变形:过去式: admired 过去分词: admired 现在分词: admiring 第三人称单数: admires
二、词义:
1)赞赏; 钦佩; 仰慕
We admire his working so hard.
我们钦佩他工作努力。
2)称赞, 夸奖
Don't forget to admire the baby.
不要忘了夸奖那孩子。
3)〈美口〉想要, 喜欢
We would admire to hear.
我们喜欢
4、threaten v.
一、变形: 过去式: threatened 过去分词: threatened 现在分词: threatening 第三人称单数: threatens
二、词义:
1)恐吓, 威胁
They entreated and threatened, but all this seemed of no avail.
他们时而恳求, 时而威胁, 但这一切看来都没有用。
The boss threatened to fire her.老板威胁要开除她。
2)预示(某事)
The black clouds threaten a storm.乌云预示暴风雨的来临。
四、词根 -en
后缀: -en 1. 表动词,"变成"; 2. 表形容词,"由……制成的",通常加在名词后面; 3. 表名词,"人或物"
1. adj.
1)straiten 艰难的
strait海峡,困难+en变成→adj.艰难的
2)golden 金黄色的;贵重的,极好的
gold金+en由……制成的→adj.金黄色的;贵重的,极好的
3)oaken 橡木制的
oak橡树+en由……制成的→adj.橡木制的
4)waxen 蜡的,蜡制的
wax蜡+en由……制成的→adj.蜡的,蜡制的
2. n.
1)chicken 鸡肉;鸡,小鸡,小鸟
chick小鸡+en人或物→n.鸡肉;鸡,小鸡,小鸟
2)citizen 公民;市民,居民
city城市+en人或物→citizen
3)heathen 异教徒
heath荒野,树丛+en人或物→n.异教徒
4)kitten 小猫
kit=cat猫+en人或物→kitten
5)maiden 少女,处女
maid少女+en人或物→n.少女,处女 adj.未婚的,纯洁的,无经验的
3.v.
1)brighten [使]变亮,[使]愉快
bright明亮的+en变成→v.[使]变亮,[使]愉快
2)broaden 放宽,变阔
broad宽+en变成→v.放宽,变阔
3)dampen [使]潮湿,使沮丧,泼凉水
damp潮湿+en变成→v.[使]潮湿,使沮丧,泼凉水
4)darken [使]变黑[变暗]
dark黑+en变成→v.[使]变黑[变暗]
5)frighten 使惊吓;惊恐
fright惊骇,吃惊+en变成→v.使惊吓;惊恐
6)hasten 催促
5、fear noun, verb
一、词义:
1、n.
1)害怕, 恐惧
He couldn't move for fear.他害怕得动弹不得。
2)可能性
There is no fear of that happening.那事绝不可能发生。
2、vt. 过去式: feared 过去分词: feared 现在分词: fearing 第三人称单数: fears
1)畏惧, 害怕, 担心
He did not fear to die.他不怕死。
Experts fear that there will be new outbreak of the disease.专家们担心这种疾病会再度流行。
2)为…忧虑(或担心、焦虑)
They feared the worst.他们担心会发生最坏的情况。
vi.1)害怕, 忧虑
Never fear—I will hold your hand.别怕, 我会握住你的手。
二、常用词组
1)for fear of (或 that) 以免
No one dared refuse the order for fear of losing their job.
2)never fear[用来宽慰人]别害怕,别担心
We shall meet again, never fear.
3)no fear (英,非正式)[表断然否认或拒绝]绝不,当然不
‘Are you coming with me?’ ‘No fear—it's too exciting here.’.
4)put the fear of God in (或 into) someone 恐吓
5)without fear or favour 公正地,公平地
三、同义词
alarm, fear, fright, horror, panic, terror, dread 这些名词均含"恐惧,惧怕,惊恐"之意。
alarm : 强调突然意识到有危险而产生的恐惧心理。
fear : 普通用词,侧重指面临危险或灾祸时内心所引起的恐惧心情。
fright : 通常指一阵突然的、令人震惊的短暂恐惧,有时含夸张意味。
horror : 侧重指因看到令人讨厌或危险的东西或情景而引起的厌恶情绪、极度恐惧心情或战栗的动作。
panic : 常指因突如其来的外界威胁使人群出现惊慌、恐惧或混乱。
terror : 指极大的恐惧和惊骇,语气最强。
dread : 可与fear换用,着重害怕的心理,但dread常指胆怯和丧失勇气。
6、opportunity n. 复数: opportunities
一、词义
1)机会, 时机
Good luck is when an opportunity comes along and you're prepared for it. 好运就是当机会来临时,你早已做好了准备。
二、常用搭配
opportunity knocks 成功的机会来了
三、同义词
chance, opportunity, occasion 这些名词均含"机会"之意。
chance : 侧重指偶然或意外的机会,有时也指正常或好的机会。
opportunity : 侧重指有利或适合于采取行动,以达到某一目的或实现某种愿望的最佳时机或机会。
occasion : 指特殊时机或良机,也指时节。
7.comment noun, verb
一、词义:
1、n. 复数: comments
1)评论;意见
He made his comments at a news conference in Amsterdam... 他在阿姆斯特丹的记者招待会上发表了意见。
I was wondering whether you had any comments about that?... 请问您对此有何见解?
2)N-SING (通常是不好的事的)体现,写照
He argues that family problems are typically a comment on some unresolved issues in the family.
他认为各种家庭问题通常都反映出家庭内部存在一些有待解决的矛盾
3)无可奉告(通常用于回答记者的提问)
No comment. I don't know anything.
无可奉告。我什么都不知道。
2、v. 过去式: commented 过去分词: commented 现在分词: commenting 第三人称单数: comments
1)发表意见;作出评论
So far, Mr Cook has not commented on these reports... 到目前为止,库克先生仍未就这些报道发表评论。
Stratford police refuse to comment on whether anyone has been arrested...斯特拉福德警方拒绝对是否已有人被捕一事发表任何评论。
二、词组搭配
no comment 无可奉告
7、apology n. 复数: apologies
一、词义:
1)道歉;认错;愧疚的表示
We received a letter of apology.我们收到了一封致歉信。
2)(表示或作出)道歉His mother offered her apologies to the Jones family.
他的母亲向琼斯一家赔了不是。
二、常用词组
make apologies to | offer apologies to 向…道歉
In Chinese culture, people make apologies to others by pouring them tea as a sign of regret or submission.
在中国文化里,人们用倒茶的方式向他人道歉,表示悔意或谦恭。
apologize vi.
变形:过去式: apologized 过去分词: apologized 现在分词: apologizing 第三人称单数: apologizes
词义:~ for道歉;认错
Two years ago, Congress formally apologized for the internment... 两年前,国会就此拘留事件正式道歉。
I apologize for being late... 我为自己的迟到致歉。
7、 celebrate
v. celebrated celebrated celebrating celebrates
vt. 祝贺
His victory was celebrated with music and dancing.人们载歌载舞祝贺他的胜利。
vi. 庆祝
I was in a mood to celebrate.我想庆祝一下。
celebrate with sb. for sth.
But I want to celebrate with you for your success. 我想要跟你一起庆祝!
派生词:
celebration n. 庆典,庆祝会
I can tell you, there was a celebration in our house that night.
跟你说吧,那天晚上我们在家里搞了个庆祝活动。
celebrated adj. 著名的;有名望的
He was soon one of the most celebrated young painters in England.
他很快就跻身于英国最著名的青年画家行列。
8、gift n./vt.
n. 1) 礼物;礼品
They believed the unborn child was a gift from God. 他们认为腹中的孩子是上帝赐予的礼物。
2) 天赋;天才;才能
Her grandmother had the gift of making people happy. 她奶奶有逗人开心的本事。
v. 赠送
to gift sth to sb.= to gift sb sth赠送某人某物
I suggest he simply gifts the flat to his daughter.=I suggest he simply gifts his daughter the flat.
我建议他直接把公寓赠送给他女儿得了。
派生词:gifted adj.有天赋的;有才华的
Sun Yang is one of the most gifted players in the world.孙杨世界上最有天赋的运动员之一。
9、cycle n./vi./vt.
1)n. 循环;周而复始
They must break out of the cycle of violence.他们必须打破暴力循环。
2)周期
Women have a monthly cycle of temperature variation.女性有一个体温变化的月周期。
3) 自行车;三轮车
He got back on his cycle and sped home.他踏着自行车快速奔向家去。
vi. 骑自行车;骑三轮车
Over 1,000 riders cycled 100 miles around the Vale of York.
一千多人围着约克谷地骑行了100英里。
vt.使轮转;使循环
He cycled to Beijing.
他骑车去了北京。
10、invite vt./n.
vt. 1)邀请
I invited her for a coffee.我邀请她喝了杯咖啡。
2) 请求,要求
to invite sb to do sth请求某人做某事;要求某人做某事
Managers will be invited to apply for a management buy-out.经理们将被请求申请管理层收购。
n. 邀请;请帖
They haven't got an invite to the wedding.他们没有收到婚礼请帖。
invitation 复数: invitations
1)邀请
The Syrians have not yet accepted an invitation to attend.
叙利亚人还没有接到出席邀请。
2) 诱因;招致…的行为
Don't leave your shopping on the back seat of your car — it's an open invitation to a thief.
别把买的东西放在汽车后座上——那会招来小偷的。
11.comfort n./vt.
n. 复数: comforts
1)舒适;舒服
This will enable the audience to sit in comfort while watching the shows.这样能够让观众舒舒服服地坐着看表演。
2)安慰;慰藉
He will be able to take some comfort from inflation figures due on Friday.
预定星期五发布的通货膨胀数字将会给他一些宽慰。
vt. 安慰;抚慰
Ned put his arm around her, trying to comfort her. 内德搂着她,想安慰她。
comfortable adj.
1)舒适的;安逸的
Trainers are so comfortable to wear.运动鞋穿起来真舒适。
2)自在的;放心的;不紧张的
to be comfortable about sth | to be comfortable with sth对…很放心;对…感到舒服
Nervous politicians might well feel more comfortable with/about a step-by-step approach.
神经脆弱的政治家当然更希望采用按部就班的做法。
Group4
1、sense n./vt.
一、变形: sensed sensed sensing senses
二、词义:
1)N-COUNT 感觉官能(即视觉、嗅觉、听觉、触觉、味觉)
She stared at him again, unable to believe the evidence of her senses.她再度盯着他看,无法相信自己的眼睛和耳朵。
2)VERB 感觉到;觉察到;意识到
She probably sensed that I wasn't telling her the whole story...她可能意识到了我并没有对她全盘托出。
三、常用词组
A sense of …的感觉
make sense 有意义;讲得通;言之有理
sense of responsibility 责任感,责任心
四、派生词
Sensible adj. 明智的;明显的;意识到的;通晓事理的
The sensible thing is to leave them alone.明智的做法是不理他们。
2.doubt n./vt./vi
一、变形:复数: doubts 过去式: doubted 过去分词: doubted 现在分词: doubting 第三人称单数: doubts
二、词义
1)N-VAR 怀疑;疑虑
I had my doubts when she started, but she's getting really good...
她刚开始做时我心存疑虑,但她真的做得很好。
2)VERB 不能肯定;认为…未必可能;怀疑(某事物的真实性);怀疑,不相信(某人或某人的话)
He doubted if he would learn anything new from Marie. 他认为他不太可能从玛丽那儿学到任何新东西。
Nobody that I spoke to doubted his sincerity as a politician. 和我谈过话的人中没有一个怀疑他作为一个政治家的诚意。
I still have no reason to doubt his word. 我还是没有理由怀疑他的话。
三、常用词组
there is no doubt that 毫无疑问
And there is no doubt that in these books you see these men at their best.
而且毫无疑问,在这些书里,你可以看到这些人正处于他们的最佳状态
四、派生词
Doubtful adj.难以预测的; 难以预料的,未定局的;怀疑的,拿不准的;不明不白
1)ADJ-GRADED 未必的;不大可能的;怀疑的;疑惑的;拿不定主意的
It is doubtful whether Tweed, even with his fluent French, passed for one of the locals...
尽管特威德能说一口流利的法语,他是否能被当作当地人还很难说。
I was still very doubtful about the chances for success...
我对能否成功仍然深表怀疑。
3.view n./vt.
一、变形:复数:views 过去式:viewed 过去分词:viewed 现在分词:viewing 第三人称单数:views
二、词义
1)N-COUNT 观点;看法;见解;态度;景观;景色;风景;(尤指)美景
Washington and Moscow are believed to have similar views on Kashmir.
据信华盛顿和莫斯科在克什米尔问题上的看法相似。
Each of the rooms has a superb view of Pissouri Bay. 每个房间都能将皮苏里湾的美景尽收眼底。
2)N-SING (对某一问题的)看法,考虑,思量
The drama takes an idealistic, even a naive view of the subject... 这部戏在对待这一主题上有些理想化,甚至是天真。
3)VERB 考虑;看待
Abigail's mother Linda views her daughter's talent with a mixture of pride and worry...
阿比盖尔的母亲琳达带着一种又骄傲又担忧的复杂情绪看待女儿的才华。
三、常用词组
in view of adv. 鉴于;考虑到
In view of all of these factors, we can get the conclusion: young should choose his job according to his interest.
考虑到所有这些因素,我们能得出这样的结论:年轻人应该根据自己的兴趣来选择职业。
四、派生词
Viewpoint n. 观点,意见,角度; 视角; <物>视点;
N-COUNT 观点;看法;角度;视角;角度;观察点
The novel is shown from the girl's viewpoint...这部小说是从这个女孩的视角来叙述的
You have to know where to stand for a good viewpoint.你得知道站在哪里观察角度比较理想。
4.calm adj./vt./vi./n./
一、变形:复数: calms 过去式: calmed 过去分词: calmed 现在分词: calming 第三人称单数: calms
二、词义
1)ADJ-GRADED 镇定的;镇静的;冷静的;平静的;安定的
She is usually a calm and diplomatic woman.她通常沉着而老练。
The city of Sarajevo appears relatively calm today. 萨拉热窝城今天显得相对平静些。
2)VERB 使平静;使安静;使镇定;平定;使安定;使有秩序
Tranquilliser drugs were used to calm the deportees.使用了镇静剂来让被放逐者们安静下来。
Officials hoped admitting fewer foreigners would calm the situation. 官员们希望通过减少外国人入境的数量来使局势平定下来。
3)N-UNCOUNT 平静;安静;宁静;(帆船比赛中的)静风,风平浪静
...the rural calm of Grand Rapids, Michigan. 密歇根州大急流城田园般的宁静。
We had the whole gamut of wind from a dead calm to a force 10 gale. 我们这里什么风都有,从风平浪静到十级大风。
三、常用词组
calm down 平静下来;镇定下来
四、派生词
Calmly adv. 冷静地;平静地;安静地;
calmness n. 冷静,镇静;平静,安宁;
Most people do not understand, so they try to find calmness, but without success.
大多数人不懂这个,所以他们虽然想要寻求平静,但都不成功。
5.respond vt./vi.
1)vt. responded responded ponding responds
回复;回答
She responded scornfully.她不屑地回答道。
2)vi.
①回复;回答 respond to sb/sth 回复…
It seems likely that Wiseman was responding to a letter written prior to Smith's death.
似乎怀斯曼正在回复一封在史密斯去世之前写的信。
②回应;响应;作出反应 to respond with sth 以…回应
The army responded with gunfire and tear gas.部队开火并喷射催泪瓦斯予以回击。
responsible 负责的,可靠的;有责任的
responsive 响应的;应答的;回答的
At hearing his name spoken, the dog gave a responsive wag of his tail.
听到有人喊它的名字,这条狗摆了摆尾巴。
6.promise vt./vi./n.
1)vt. promised promised promising promises
①保证;允诺;答应
The leaders have promised a return to full democracy.领导人已经承诺要回归完全的民主。
to promise to do sth 答应做某事
I promised to take my children to the funfair on Saturday.我答应周六带孩子们去游乐场。
to promise sb (that)... 向某人保证…
He promised his mother that he would write.他向妈妈保证说会写信。
②将…许配;为…订婚
to be promised to sb被许配给某人;与某人订婚
I'm promised to Bill.我和比尔订了婚。
③答应给予;承诺给予;保证让…得到
to promise sth to sb | to promise sb sth 答应给某人某物
I've promised this picture to my son.我已经答应把这幅画送给我的儿子。
2)vi. 有可能;有指望;有前途
to promise to be sth 可能是…;有希望是…
The seminar also promises to be most instructive.这次研讨会可能会颇具启发性。
3)n. 复数: promises
诺言;承诺;保证
to make a promise 许下诺言
If you make a promise, you should keep it.如果做出了承诺,就应该遵守。
to make sb a promise向某人保证
He made me a promise.他向我保证过的。
to make a promise to do sth保证去做某事
He made a promise never to do it again.他保证再也不这么做了。
to break a promise违背诺言
It wasn't the first time he'd broken a promise not to get drunk.这不是他第一次违背不喝醉酒的诺言了。
to keep your promise遵守诺言
She kept her promise and never said another word about it.她遵守诺言,再也没有提及此事。
7.export n./vi./vt.
1)n. 复数: exports
①出口;输出
for export为了出口
They grow cotton and bananas for export.他们种植棉花和香蕉以供出口。
2)vt. exported exported exporting exports
①出口;输出
Africa is exporting beef to Europe.非洲在向欧洲出口牛肉。
②传播(抽象意义)
Europeans now export their values to all parts of the world.
欧洲人现在把他们的价值观念传播到了世界各个角落。
3)vi.
出口;输出物资
To earn foreign exchange we must export.要想获得外汇,我们必须出口。
反义词:
import n./vt. 进口 vi.具有重要性
1)n. 复数: imports
①进口的货物;输入的劳务
farmers protesting about cheap imports反对廉价进口商品的农民
②意义;重要性
Who leads Canada is also of some import to the rest of the world.
由谁来领导加拿大对世界上的其他国家也具有重大意义。
2) vt. imported imported importing imports
①进口;输入
Even the smallest piece of machinery is imported.甚至连最小的机器也是进口的。
②导入
You can import files from Microsoft Word or MacWrite.
你可以从微软Word(文字处理软件) 或苹果MacWrite(文字编辑软件)导入文件。
We import an incredible amount of cheese from the Continent.
我们从欧洲大陆进口数量惊人的奶酪。
Group 6
1.produce vt./n.
1)vt. produced produced producing produces
①出产;生产,发;产生
The field produces a third of the nation's oil.
该油田生产该国三分之一的石油。
②产生;生成,做;烹调
to produce seed 结籽
These plants are then pollinated and allowed to mature and produce seed.然后,这些植物就被授粉,从而成熟结籽。
③生产;制造
The company produces components for the aerospace industry.该公司为航空航天业生产元器件。
2) n. (统称)农产品
We manage to get most of our produce in Britain.我们设法在英国搞到了大部分农产品。
product n. 产品;制品
Try to get the best product at the lowest price.尽量以最低的价格买到最好的产品。
production n. 复数: productions
1)产生;形成;生成
These proteins stimulate the production of blood cells.这些蛋白质刺激血细胞的产生。
2) 产量;生产率
Industrial production has fallen by 20% over two years.两年来,工业生产下降了20%。
同义词辨析:
produce, product, production 这些名词均含有"产品,制品"之意。
produce : 多指农产品(尤指蔬菜水果等)。
product : 一般指工业产品,也可泛指各种各样的产品。
production : 含义广泛,不同场合有不同的意思,可表示"产品,产物",尤指人类智力或艺术劳动的产品。
2.protect v.保护;投保
to protect sb/sth from/against sth 保护…免受…
She had his umbrella to protect her from the rain.她有他的伞来挡雨。
to protect sb from sb 保护某人不受某人的伤害
It sought an injunction in order to protect women from this man.它寻求禁制令以保护女人免受这个男人的伤害。
名词protection n. 复数: protections
1) 保护;防护
protection from sth | protection against sth 针对…的保护;针对…的防护
The diet may offer protection against cancer.这种膳食可以抗癌。
2) be under sb's protection 处于某人的保护之下
I placed myself under his protection.我将自己置于他的保护之下。
3) 保险范围;承保范围
The new policy is believed to be the first scheme to offer protection against an illness.
这份新保险单被认为是首个承保疾病风险的保险方案。
动词加-tion变成名词:
1)动词本身以t结尾:
+ion attraction action connection invention
2)以te结尾的动词,去e再加-ion
pullute-pollution donate-donation educate-education operate-operation
3)元音+辅音+e结尾的动词去e再加-ation
invite-invitation organize-organization realize-realization
3.guide
一、词义:noun. verb
复数guides
1)指南;手册 ~ to sth.
eg: a guide to Family Health. 家庭健康指南。
2)导游;向导 tour guide
3)指导者;指引者 a spiritual ~ 神修指导者
4)有指导意义的事务;指导的事务
eg:I let my feelings be my guide.我是跟着感觉走。
v. 过去式 guided 过去分词guided 现在分词guiding
1)指路 ~sb. to/through/around sth. 给某人领路
eg:He took the bewildered Elliott by the arm and guided him out.
他抓着不知所措的埃利奥特的胳膊,把他带了出来。
2)影响行为
eg:He was always guided by his religious beliefs.他的言行总是以自己的宗教信仰为依归。
3)阐明 ~ sb. through sth. 向某人阐明
eg: The health and safety officer will guide you through the safety procedures.
卫生安全官员将向你把安全规程解释一遍。
二、派生词:
guiding 给予指导的;有影响的
guideway 导槽;导轨;导路
guideline 指导方针;指导原则;行动纲领;准则
4.deliver verb
一、变形:
过去式: delivered 过去分词: delivered 现在分词: delivering 第三人称单数: delivers
二、词义:
1)递交;传递;交付;运载 ~ sth. to sb./ sth.
Eg: I have orders to deliver it to Mr. Demiris personally. 我奉命要把它送给德米里斯先生本人。
2)发表;宣布;发布 ~ a speech/ lecture 发表演讲
3)~ on sth. 履行诺言;兑现
Eg: If you can’t deliver improved sales figures, you are fired.
如果你不能按照要求提高销售额,就会被解雇。
4)交出;移交 ~ sb./ sth. (up/over) (to sb.)
Eg: They delivered their prisoner over to the invading army.他们把俘虏交给了侵略军。
5)助产;接生 ~ a baby
6)投掷;把……瞄准;用……对准
Eg: He delivered the blow with all his force.他打这一下使出了全身力气。
7) ~ sb. from sth. 解救;拯救;使摆脱
三、派生词:
delivery n. 传递;交付
deliverable noun [usually pl.] 应交付的产品
deliverance ~ from sth. 解救;拯救;解脱
5.wrap verb,noun
一、词义:Verb. 过去式: wrapped 过去分词: wrapped 现在分词: wrapping 第三人称单数: wraps
1)~ sth. (up) (in sth.) 包,裹(礼物等)
Eg:Diana is taking the opportunity to wrap up the family presents. 黛安娜利用这个机会将家人的礼物包起来。
2)~ A (up) in B| ~ B round/around A 用……包裹(或包扎、覆盖等)
Eg:I wrapped the baby (up) in a blanket.我用毯子把婴儿裹了起来。
3)~ sth. around/ round sth./sb. 用……缠绕(或围紧)
Eg:A scarf was wrapped around his neck.他的脖子上围着一条围巾。
4)~ sth. around/ round (使文字)换行
Eg:The text wraps around if it is too long to fit the screen.如果文本太长,在显示屏放不下的话,会自动换行。
二、经典搭配
be wrapped up in sb./sth. 专心致志于;全神贯注于
wrap up| wrap it up(slang) 住口;闭嘴;别再捣乱
wrap up| wrap sb./yourself up (使)穿得暖和点
wrap sth. up (informal) 圆满完成;顺利结束(协议或会议等)
eg:That just about wraps it up for today.这就差不多给今天画了个圆满的句号。
三、noun 复数: wraps
1)【C】(女用)围巾,披肩
2)【U】包裹(或包装)材料
3)【sing.】(拍摄电影时)完成拍摄,停机
eg:Cut! That’s a wrap.停!就拍摄到这儿。
4)【C】墨西哥卷(用冻玉米薄饼裹肉或蔬菜而成的三明治)
经典搭配:
under wraps (informal)保密,隐藏
eg: Next year’s collection is still being kept under wraps.明年的时装系列仍在保密之中。
四、派生词
wrapped adj. 极高兴的;十分满意的
wrapper n. 包装纸,包装塑料
6.operate 运转;操作;使用;动手术 ~ on sb. for sth.
operation noun
一、词义:复数~s
1)【C】手术 ~ on sb. for sth. |~ to do sth.
2)【C】(有组织的)活动,行动 eg: a security ~ 安全行动
3) 【包括许多部分的】企业,公司 eg: a huge multinational ~ 庞大的跨国公司
4)【C,U】运算,运作
二、常用搭配:
in ~ 工作中;使用中;有效
come into ~ 开始工作;开始生效
put sth. into ~ 实施;启用
三、派生词
operational adj. 操作的,运转的
Group7
1.abuse
一,变形:abuses; abusing; abused; abused;
二,词义;n.(U) 滥用,虐待、辱骂
1)滥用 e.g. alcohol abuse
2)虐待e.g. child abuse
3) 辱骂(u) e.g. a torrent of abuse 一通臭骂
vt. 滥用,虐待、辱骂
1)滥用
e.g. She abused her position by giving jobs to her friends.
2)虐待
e.g. All the children had been physically abused.
3) 辱骂
e.g. The referee had been threatened and abused.
三,近义:insult, 谩骂,侮辱n. (c),; vt. Insult sb.
四,派生:abuser,n. 滥用者;虐待者;
2.desire
变形:desires; desiring; desired; desired;
二,词义;n.(C) 愿望,渴望,欲望
e.g. a strong desire for power.
vt. Desire to do sth.愿望,渴望,欲望(不用于进行时)
e.g. We all desire health and happiness.
三,近义:
1)ambition, n. 野心:
四,派生:desirable, adj.渴望的;值得做的;
undesirable,adj.,不可取的,不想要的
Process
变形:processes;(复数)
二,词义;n. 过程,程序
e.g. I'm afraid getting things changed will be a slow process.
vt. 1)加工,处理
e.g. The food is processed carefully.
2) 审核,审阅
e.g. The application should be processed quickly.
三,派生:processing n. 过程;进程:
3.whisper
变形:whispers; whispering; whispered; whispered
二,词义;n.(C) 耳语,私语
e.g. They spoke in whispers.
vt/vi. 耳语,私语
e.g. He whispered to me that he was afraid.
e.g. She leaned over and whispered something in his ear.
三,近义:murmur, (C), n./vt. (私下)发怨言,牢骚,自言自语
4.function
变形:functions; functioning; functioned;
二,词义;n. (C), 功能,作用
e.g. The function of the heart is to pump blood through the body.
vi. 运转
e.g. Despite the power cuts, the hospital continued to function normally.
三,近义:
1)operate, vi. 运转:vt. 操作
四,派生:functional, adj.
5.Lie
变形:lies; lying; (一过))lay; lied; (过分lied;lain;)
二,词义;n. (C)谎言,谎话
e.g. The whole story is nothing but a pack of lies.
e.g. white lies善意的谎言
vi. 撒谎 (lies; lying; lied; lied)
~ (to sb) (about sth)
e.g. Don't lie to me about your age.
vi. 躺, (lay; lain),躺下(lie down)
e.g. The cat was lying fast asleep by the fire.
vi. 存在于
e.g. The problems lie in deciding when to start..
6.serve
一,变形:serves: serving: served: served
二,词义
Vt.1) ~ sth (with sth) | ~ sth (to sb) | ~ sb sth
(给某人)提供;端上
e.g. The delegates were served with a wonderful meal.
2) ~ sb (with sth)(向某地或某一群体)供应,提供
e.g. The centre will serve the whole community.
3) ~ (as sth)任期为;担任(职务)
] She was elected to serve as secretary of the local party.
三,派生:1)service,n.服务2) servant, n. 仆人
7. signal
一,词义:
n. 1) 信号;暗号 a danger/warning/distress etc. signal
2) (尤指铁路和公路上的)指示灯,信号灯,红绿灯
traffic signals交通信号灯
8.Suffer
一,变形: suffers; suffering; suffered;
二,词义;vt./ vi. 经历,遭受 suffer from
e.g. He made a rash decision and now he is suffering for it.
e.g. He suffered from punishment because of his violation.
四,派生: suffering n. 苦难,痛苦
8.operate
一,变形: operates; operating; operated;
二,词义; v. 运转;操作
1) 运转 vi.
e.g. Solar panels can only operate in sunlight.
2) 操作 vt.
e.g. What skills are needed to operate this machinery?.
三,近义:
1)function, vi. 正常运作,起作用;
2)work, vi. 运转;操作
四,派生:operation
9.experiment
一,变形:experiments(复数); experiments(三单); experimenting; experimented;
二,词义;n. 实验 e.g. carry out~
e.g. Many people do not like the idea of experiments on animals.
v. 实验
e.g. Some people feel that experimenting on animals is wrong.
三,近义: 1) test n. 试验,测试
10. inform
一,变形:informs; informing; informed;
二,词义;vt. 通知;告诉 ~ sb (of/about sth)
e.g. Please inform us of any changes of address.
e.g. keep sb. Informed
三,派生 information
11.relate
一,变形:relates;relating;related
二,词义;vi. 有关;涉及 relate to sth/sb
e.g. The second paragraph relates to the situation in Scotland.
四,派生:
1) Relation , n. 关系,联系;
2) Relationship,n. 关系;
3) Relative, adj. 相关的;n. 亲戚;
12.tolerate
一,变形:tolerates;tolerating;tolerated
二,词义;vt. 容忍,忍受
e.g. There is a limit to what one person can tolerate.
三,近义:
1)bear, vt. 忍受,忍耐;
2)endure, vt.[正式] 忍受,忍耐;
3)stand, vt. 经受,忍受;
四,派生:tolerant , adj.
13.ignore
一,变形:ignores; ignoring; ignored;
二,词义;vt. 忽视;不理睬
1) 忽视 e.g. He ignored all the ‘No Smoking’ signs and lit up a cigarette.
2) 不理睬e.g. She ignored him and carried on with her work.
四,派生:be ignorant of
14.addict
一,变形: addicts(三单);addicting;addicted
二,词义;vi. 使沉溺 ,对..上瘾be addicted to
e.g. She is addicted to music.
四,派生:addiction
15.retire
一,变形:retires;retiring;retired
二,词义;vi. 退休,就寝
e.g. He will retire from the army next year.
四,派生:Retirement
16.complete
一,变形:completes;completing;completed
二,词义;vt. 完成,结束 adj.完全的,完整的
e.g. Her pride drove her to complete the job.
adj.完全的,完整的
e.g. a complete guide to events in Oxford
三、近义:
1) finish v. 完成,结束
2) end v. 结束
四、派生:completion
17.concern
一,变形:concerns(三单); concerns(复数); concerning; concerned;
二,词义;v. 使担心,关心
e.g. What concerns me is our lack of preparation for the change.
n. 担心,忧虑
e.g. There is growing concern about violence on television.
三,近义:
1)care, n. 忧虑,烦恼;
2)worry, n. 担忧,忧虑;
四,派生: concerned ,adj.
18.sacrifice
一,变形:sacrifices(复数); sacrifices(三单); sacrificing;sacrificed
二,词义;n. 牺牲
e.g. Her parents made sacrifices so that she could enjoy wonderful education.
vt. 牺牲
e.g. She sacrificed everything for her children.
19.recognize
变形:recognizes; recognizing; recognized;
二,词义;vt. 认出,识别,认可
1) 认出,识别
e.g. They recognized the need to take the problem seriously.
2) 认可
e.g. The UK has refused to recognize the new regime.
三,近义:
1) know v. 认出
四,派生: recognition n. 认出,识别,认可
20.encourage
变形:encourages; encouraging; encouraged;
二,词义; v. 鼓励 ~ sb. to do sth.
e.g. My parents have always encouraged me in my choice of career.
三,近义:
1)inspire v. 鼓舞,激励
四,派生:
1)encouragement n. 鼓励
2)discourage v. 使泄气,阻止
Group8
1.assess v.
一、变形:assesses, assessed, assessed, assessing
二、词义:
1)评估
e.g. The test was to assess aptitude rather than academic achievement.
该测试将评估能力而不是学业成绩。
2)计算; 估算
e.g. Ask them to send you information on how to assess the value of your belongings.
叫他们把如何估算你的财产价值的资料寄给你。
三、派生词
adj. assessable 可估价的;可评价的;可征收的;可征税的
n. assessment 评定;估价
assessor 评审员;确定税款的人;顾问
2. possess v.
一、变形:possesses, possessed, possessed, possessing
二、词义:
1)拥有
e.g. He was then arrested and charged with possessing an offensive weapon.他之后被逮捕了并被指控拥有攻击性武器。
三、常用词组
1)possess of
e.g. I consider that everyone would like to experience and possess of happiness. But one person is different from the other so they have different feeling on happiness.
我想,世界上所有的人都想经历和拥有幸福。只是不同的人对幸福有着不同的追求和向往,幸福感也各有不同。
四、辨析
have, hold, possess, own, enjoy, keep这组词都有“有,具有,持有”的意思,其区别是:
have:最常用词,可指任何情况下的具有,无论是物质的或精神的。
hold:指拥有并保持财产及持有见解等,暗示不让别人拿走或占有。
possess:较正式,指拥有或占有并能加以控制与支配,强调其归属;也指具有某种品质、才能、特点或性能等。
own:不及本组的possess正式,多指所属关系,强调所有权,不管所属物是否在物主手中。
enjoy: 指享有某种权利或长处,带有欣赏或喜爱的情感。
keep:指长时间地保有,保存某物,防止别人占去,强调安全和感情上的依附
五、派生词
adj. possessive 占有的;所有的;所有格的;占有欲强的
n.possession 拥有;财产;领地;自制;着迷
possessor持有人
3. enrich v.
一、变形:enriches, enriched, enriched, enriching
二、词义:
1)充实; 丰富
e.g. It is important to enrich the soil prior to planting.栽种之前给土壤施肥很重要。
2)使富裕
e.g. He will drain, rather than enrich, the country.他将耗尽而不是增加国家的财富。
三、同义词
fertilize vt. 使充实;使肥沃;使富足
四、派生词
n. enrichment 丰富;改进;肥沃;发财致富
4. approve v.
一、变形:approves, approved, approved, approving
二、词义:
1)赞成;同意 approve of
e.g. I told my mother I wanted to leave school but she didn't approve of my idea.
我告诉母亲我不想继续上学,但是母亲不同意我的想法。
2)批准,通过
e.g. The committee unanimously approved the plan.委员会一致通过了计划。
三、辨析
approve, sanction, confirm这组词都有“批准”的意思,其区别是:
approve:普通用词,常指正式的或官方的批准。
sanction:语气最强,多指官方的同意或批准,是书面用词。
confirm:强调按法律程序提请确认或批准。
四、派生词
adj. approved 被认可的;经过检验的
n. approval 批准;认可;赞成
approver 批准者;承认者,赞成者
5. suspect v./n.
一、变形:suspects, suspected, suspected, suspecting
二、词义:
1)怀疑
e.g. He suspected that the woman staying in the flat above was using heroin.他怀疑住在楼上公寓里的那位女子在吸食海洛因。
2)觉得
e.g. The above complaints are, I suspect, just the tip of the iceberg.上述的这些抱怨,我觉得,不过是冰山的一角。
N-COUNT 嫌疑犯
e.g. Police have arrested a suspect in a series of killings in the city.警方逮捕了该城市一系列杀人案件中的一名嫌疑犯。
adj. 可疑的
e.g. Delegates evacuated the building when a suspect package was found.一个可疑包裹被发现后,代表们撤离了这栋大楼。
三、辨析
doubt, suspect, distrust这组词都有“怀疑”的意思,其区别是:
doubt:普通用词,多指因证据不足或仅凭证据还不能肯定而产生怀疑,多含否定意味。
suspect:指猜疑、疑心,肯定意味较多。
distrust:指疑惑、猜疑,不信任。
四、派生词
adj.suspected 有嫌疑的
suspensive 暂停的;悬而不决的;可疑的;暧昧的
6. embarrass v.
一、变形:embarrasses, embarrassed, embarrassed, embarrassing
二、词义:
1)使…尴尬
e.g. Her questions about my private life embarrassed me.她询问我的私生活使我感到很尴尬。
2)使…陷入麻烦
e.g. The speech was deliberately designed to embarrass the prime minister.这个发言是故意为难首相。
三、派生词
adj.embarrassed 尴尬的;窘迫的embarrassing 使人尴尬的;令人为难的
n. embarrassment 窘迫,难堪;使人为难的人或事物;拮据
7. pursue v.
一、变形:pursues, pursued, pursued, pursuing,
二、词义:
1)追求, 努力实现
e.g. He will pursue a trade policy that protects workers.
他将努力实行保护工人的贸易政策。
2)执行; 贯彻
e.g. He said Japan would continue to pursue the policies laid down at the London summit.
他说日本将继续贯彻伦敦峰会上确定的方针。
3)追赶
e.g. She pursued the man who had stolen her bag.
她追赶那个偷了她钱包的男子。
三、常用词组
1)pursue after v. 追赶
e.g. What Marx pursue after for lifetime is emancipation and freedom of all people in the world.
实际上,马克思一生为之奋斗的东西是全人类的自由和解放。
四、派生词
adj. pursuant 依据的;追赶的;随后的
n.pursuit 追赶,追求;职业,工作 pursuer 追求者;追捕者
8. accommodate v.
一、变形:accommodates, accommodated, accommodated, accommodating
二、词义:
1)容纳
e.g. The school was not big enough to accommodate all the children.
学校没有足够的地方容纳所有的学生。
2)为…提供住宿 accommodate sb.
e.g. The hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.
这家旅馆可供 500 位旅客住宿。
3)使…适应
e.g. The roads are built to accommodate gradual temperature changes.
这些道路是为适应气温的逐渐变化而建的。
三、常用词组
1)accommodate with
e.g. The company can serve fully format, accommodate with the requirement of a customer.
这家公司可以按顾客的要求,充分地提供各种服务。
e.g. The bank will accommodate you with a loan.
银行将向你提供一笔贷款。
四、派生词
adj.accommodating 随和的;乐于助人的;肯通融的accommodative 适应的;调节的
n.accommodation 住处,膳宿;调节;和解;预订铺位accommodator 调解人;适应者;提供方便者
9. decline n./ v.
一、变形:declines, declined, declined, declining
二、词义:
1)下降
e.g. The number of staff has declined from 217,000 to 114,000.员工人数已从217000人减少到114000人。
2)谢绝
e.g. He offered the boys some coffee. They declined politely.他要给男孩们来些咖啡。他们礼貌地拒绝了。
n. 下降
e.g. Official figures show a sharp decline in the number of foreign tourists.
官方数字显示外国游客数量骤降。
三、常用词组
1)on the decline 在走下坡路;在衰退中
e.g. It makes me very sad, because I see that things are on the decline. 这使我非常伤心,因为我看到事情在走下坡路。
2)in decline 在衰退中
e.g. The mere fact that America still attracts millions of people is evidence that it is not in decline .
美国依然吸引着千百万人,仅这一事实就足以证明它并没衰落。
四、派生词
n. declination 倾斜;偏差;衰微
10. expand v.
一、变形:expands, expanded, expanded, expanding,
二、词义:
1)扩大; 膨胀
e.g. Engineers noticed that the pipes were not expanding as expected.工程师们注意到管子并未像预期的那样膨胀。
2)使…发展; 发展
e.g. The tourism expanded toward the middle of the 19th century.旅游业业在19世纪中叶得到了发展。
三、常用词组
1)expand into 扩张
Many Western firms want to expand into Asia. 许多西方的公司都想向亚洲扩张。
四、派生词
adj.expanded 扩充的;展开的
expansive 广阔的;扩张的;豪爽的
expandable 可膨胀的;可张开的
n. expansion 膨胀;阐述;扩张物
11. donate v.
一、变形:donates, donated, donating
二、词义:
1)捐赠
e.g. He frequently donates large sums to charity.他经常向慈善机构大笔捐款。
三、派生词
adj. donated 捐赠的
n. donation 捐款,捐赠物;捐赠
12. advocate n./ v.
一、变形:advocates, advocated, advocated, advocating,
二、词义:
1)提倡
e.g. Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behavior.很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。
n. 倡导者
e.g. He was a strong advocate of free market policies and a multi-party system.
他是自由市场政策以及多党制的坚定倡导者。
三、辨析
support, sustain, back, uphold, advocate都有“支持,拥护”的意思,其区别是:
support:含义广泛,多指在道义上或物质上支持某人,也可指对某项事业的支持。
sustain:侧重指连续不断的支持。
back:通常指对论点、行动、事业等的强有力支持。
uphold:既可指积极努力对陷入困境者的支持,也可指给某人在行动、道义或信仰上的支持。
advocate:多指通过写文章或发表演说等来支持或拥护,往往暗示提倡某事或为某事辩护。
四、派生词
n. advocacy 主张;拥护;辩护
advocator 提倡者,拥护者
13. obtain v.
一、变形:obtains, obtained, obtained, obtaining
二、词义:
获得(尤指经努力)
e.g. Evans was trying to obtain a false passport and other documents.埃文斯当时正试图获取假护照和其他文件。
存在;流行
e.g. These conditions no longer obtain.这些条件不再适用。
三、常用词组
obtain employment 就业,找到工作
e.g. The pressure of obtain employment still should be faced after the graduate student graduates.
研究生毕业之后还是要面对就业的压力。
四、辨析
acquire, obtain, get, secure, win, earn, gain都有“获得、取得”的意思,其区别是:
acquire:强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物,也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。
obtain:较正式用词,着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。
get:普通用词,使用广泛,可指以任何方式得到某物,也不一定要经过努力。
secure:强调要通过努力或竞争,或需要付出代价才能获得所渴望的东西。
win:主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。
earn:侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价与有功而获得。
gain:侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。
五、派生词
adj. obtainable 能得到的
n. obtainment 获得
14. select n./ v.
一、变形:selects, selected, selected, selecting,
二、词义:
挑选; 选择
e.g. All our hotels have been carefully selected for the excellent value they provide.
我们的所有旅馆都是精心挑选的,最为合算。
选定(某文件或某段文章以作特别处理) [计算机]
e.g. I selected a file and pressed the delete key.我选定了一份文件,然后按下了删除键。
Adj. 精选的
e.g. a select group of French cheeses
一组精选的的法国奶酪。
第一流的; 只为富人、上层人士而设的
e.g. Christian Lacroix is throwing a very lavish and very select party.
克里斯琴·拉克鲁瓦正在举行一个上层人士参加的非常豪华的聚会。
三、派生词
adj.selective 选择性的selected 挑选出来的
adv. selectively 有选择地
n.selection 选择,挑选;选集;精选品selector 选择器;挑选者
15. suit n./v.
一、变形:suits, suited, suited, suiting,
二、词义:
适合 (某人)
e.g. They will only release information if it suits them.他们只会发布合他们意的消息。
合 (某人) 心意
e.g. I don't think a sedentary life would altogether suit me.我认为久坐不动的生活方式完全不适合我。
相配;合身
e.g. Blue suits you. You should wear it more often.你适合穿蓝色,你该多穿蓝色衣服。
三、常用词组
suit oneself 随自己的意愿做事
e.g. I longed for a new life stage, found to suit oneself and is worth for it offering all units of work.
我渴望一个新生活舞台,找到一个适合自己并值得为其奉献一切的工作单位。
四、派生词
adj. suitable 适当的;相配的 suited 合适的
adv. suitably 适当地;相配地;适宜地
n.suitability 适合;适当;相配suitor 求婚者;请愿者;[法] 起诉人
15. astonish v.
一、变形:astonishes, astonished, astonished, astonishing,
二、词义:使十分惊讶
e.g. It astonishes me (that) he could be so thoughtless.我真没有料到他会如此轻率。
三、辨析
astonish, surprise, amaze都可作及物动词,意思相近,一般都是以事物作主语,人称作宾语。
astonish:表示“使大吃一惊”,“几乎使人无法相信”之意。
surprise:只表“出乎意料之外”。
amaze:强调“使惊讶”,有时还有“惊叹”,“佩服”等意。
四、派生词
adj. astonishing 惊人的;令人惊讶的
adv. astonishingly 令人惊讶地
n. astonishment 惊讶;令人惊讶的事物
16. convince v.
一、变形:convinces, convinced, convinced, convincing,
二、词义:说服 ~ sb. to do sth.
e.g. I've been trying to convince him to see a doctor.
我一直劝他去看病。
使信服 convince sb. of sth.
e.g. Although I soon convinced him of my innocence, I think he still has serious doubts about my sanity.
尽管我很快就使他相信我是清白的,但是他还是非常怀疑我精神是否正常。
三、派生词
adj.convinced 确信的;深信的convincing 令人信服的;有说服力的convincible 可使信服的;可说服的
adv. convincingly 令人信服地;有说服力地
17. assume v.
一、变形:assumes, assumed, assumed, assuming,
二、词义:假设
e.g. It is a misconception to assume that the two continents are similar.
假设这两块大陆类似是种错误概念。
承担(责任)
e.g. The court assumed responsibility for the girl's welfare.法庭承担了保障这个女孩福利的责任。
呈现(外观、样子)
e.g. He managed to assume an air of calm.他设法表现出一幅平静的样子。
三、派生词
adj.assumed 假定的;假装的assuming 傲慢的;不逊的;僭越的assumptive 假定的;设想的;傲慢的
n. assumption 假定;设想;担任;采取
18. cancel v.
一、变形:cancels, cancelled, cancelled, cancelling,
二、词义:取消
e.g. Many trains have been cancelled and a limited service is operating on other lines.许多列车都被取消了,少数班次在其他路线运行。
废止; 废除
e.g. to cancel a policy/subscription
取消保单;停止订阅
三、常用词组
cancel out 取消;抵销
e.g. He wonders if the different influences might not cancel each other out.他想知道不同的影响是否不会相互抵消。
四、派生词
n. cancellation 取消;删除
19. clarify v.
一、变形:clarifies, clarified, clarified, clarifying,
二、词义:澄清
e.g. Thank you for writing and allowing me to clarify the present position.谢谢你来信并允许我澄清目前的状况。
三、派生词
adj. clarified 澄清的;透明的
n. clarity 清楚,明晰;透明
clarification 澄清,说明;净化
20. acknowledge v.
一、变形:acknowledges, acknowledged, acknowledged, acknowledging,
二、词义:承认
e.g. She refuses to acknowledge the need for reform.她拒不承认改革的必要性。
认可 be acknowledged as
e.g. He is also acknowledged as an excellent goalkeeper.他还被认可为一名优秀的守门员。
确认收到
e.g. The army sent me a postcard acknowledging my request.军方寄给我一张明信片以确认收到了我的请求。
向…致意
e.g. He saw her but refused to even acknowledge her.他看到了她,但甚至都拒绝向她致意。
三、派生词
adj. acknowledged 公认的;被普遍认可的
n.acknowledgement 承认;确认;感谢
acknowledgment 感谢;承认;承认书
21. separate v./adj.
一、变形:separates, separated, separated, separating,
二、词义:
分开 separate from
e.g. It is impossible to separate belief from emotion.信仰和感情是分不开的。
分居
e.g. Her parents separated when she was very young.在她很小的时候,父母就分居了。
分辨; 区分
e.g. It is difficult to separate legend from truth.传说与事实很难分辨。
Adj. 单独的
e.g. The school is housed in two separate buildings.学校设在两栋独立的楼房内。
不同的
e.g. For the past three years they have been leading totally separate lives.
三年来,他们完全是各过各的生活。
三、常用词组
separate into 把…分成,分离成
e.g. Research in social psychology is shedding more light on the processes that drive humans to separate into groups.
社会心理学研究能让我们更好地理解驱使人类分化成不同群体的过程。
四、派生词
adj.
separated 分开的;分居;不在一起生活的
separable 可分离的;可分隔的
adv. separately 分别地;分离地;个别地
n. separation 分离,分开;间隔,距离;[法] 分居;缺口
separator 分离器
22. marry v.
一、变形:marries, married, married, marrying,
二、词义:结婚 get married
e.g. I thought he would change after we got married.我原以为他会在我们结婚后改变的。
为…主持婚礼
e.g. he minister has agreed to marry us in the college chapel.这位牧师已经同意在学校的小教堂为我们主持婚礼。
三、常用词组
marry sb. 嫁给某人/娶某人
e.g. I would hesitate to marry him. 我很犹豫是否要嫁给他。
marry up
e.g. Can you marry up the two halves of the broken bowl? 你能把这个被摔成两半的碗粘在一起吗?。
be married to
e.g. no one wants to be married to or work with someone who is a selfish git. 没有人愿意和一个自私的家伙结婚或一起工作。
四、派生词
adj.married 已婚的,有配偶的;婚姻的,夫妇的;密切结合的marriageable 可结婚的,适合结婚的
n. marriage 结婚;婚姻生活;密切结合,合并
23. complain v.
一、变形:complains, complained, complained, complaining,
二、词义:抱怨
e.g. Miners have complained bitterly that the government did not fulfil their promises.
矿工们已愤愤地抱怨政府没有兑现他们的承诺。
诉说(病痛) complain of
e.g. He complained of a headache.他说他头疼。
三、常用词组
complain about 抱怨
e.g. I have nothing to complain about. 我没什么可以抱怨的。
e.g. This is why you should never complain about your life. 这就是你从不该抱怨生活的原因。
四、派生词
adj. complaining 抱怨的
adv. complainingly 抱怨地;发牢骚地;诉苦地
n.complaint 抱怨;诉苦;疾病;委屈complainant [法] 原告;发牢骚的人;抱怨者
24. budget v./ n.
一、变形:budgets, budgeted, budgeted, budgeting,
二、词义:
安排开支; 编制预算
e.g. The film is only budgeted at $10 million.这部电影的预算只有1千万美元。
三、常用词组
budget for 为…作预算
e.g. Using these tips you can set up an effective budget for yourself and your household.
使用这些技巧,你可以为您和您的的家庭设立一个有效的预算。
n. 预算
e.g. She will design a fantastic new kitchen for you – a$$