内容正文:
中考语法复习:一般将来时
(四大重难点+三大易错点+中考模拟+强化训练)
一、概念讲解 中考必考!
定义:表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。
时间标志词:
tomorrow, next week/month/year, in 2025, soon, in the future, in + 时间段(in two days)
类型
肯定句
will型
主语 + will + V原
be going to
主语 + be + going to + V原
✅ 例句速记:
She will visit Paris next month. (单纯预测未来)
Look at the dark clouds! It is going to rain. (有迹象的预测)
练习1(概念理解)
1. 选择能体现一般将来时概念的句子( )
A. I play football every Sunday. B. She is reading a book now.
C. They will visit their grandparents next month.
1. 判断下列句子是否为一般将来时,对的打√,错的打 ×。
(1)He goes to school by bike.( )
(2)We are going to have a party tomorrow.( )
1. 用所给词的适当形式填空,体现一般将来时概念。
My sister ______ (go) to the park tomorrow.
1. 从下列时间状语中,选出适合一般将来时的(可多选)( )
A. Yesterday B. next month C. Now D. in three days
二、句型结构
(一)will + 动词原形
1. 肯定句:主语 + will + 动词原形 + 其他。例:They will see a film tomorrow.
1. 否定句:主语 + will not(won't)+ 动词原形 + 其他。例:They won't see a film tomorrow.
1. 一般疑问句:Will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?例:Will they see a film tomorrow?
1. 肯定/否定回答:Yes, 主语 + will./ No, 主语 + won't. 例:Yes, they will. / No, they won't.
1. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + will + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?例如:What will they do tomorrow?
(二)be going to + 动词原形
1. 肯定句:主语 + be(am/is/are)+going to + 动词原形 + 其他。
例:I am going to visit my grandparents this weekend.(这个周末我打算去看望我的祖父母。)
1. 否定句:主语 + be(am/is/are)+not+going to + 动词原形 + 其他。
例:He isn't going to play basketball this afternoon.(他今天下午不打算打篮球。)
1. 一般疑问句:Be(am/is/are)+ 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他?
例:Are you going to have a party?
1. 肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + be. 否定回答:No, 主语 + be not. 例:Yes, I am. / No, I'm not.
1. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他?
例:Where are you going to spend your holiday?(你打算去哪里度假?)
练习2(句型结构)将下列句子按要求改变。
(1) He will go to the zoo tomorrow.
肯定句:________________________________________________________________________
否定句:________________________________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________________________________
肯定/否定回答:__________________________________________________________________
特殊疑问句(就划线部分提问):_____________________________________________________________________
(2) They are going to have a picnic this Sunday.
肯定句:________________________________________________________________________
否定句:________________________________________________________________________
一般疑问句:____________________________________________________________________
肯定/否定回答:__________________________________________________________________
特殊疑问句(就划线部分提问):_____________________________________________________________________
三、四大重难点
(一)will 与 be going to 的区别
1. be going to
0. 表示计划、打算做某事,通常是事先经过考虑的。例如:I'm going to buy a new bike.(我打算买一辆新自行车。)
0. 有迹象表明即将发生某事。例如:Look at the dark clouds. It's going to rain.(看那些乌云,要下雨了。)
1. will
0. 表示单纯的将来事实,常指未经事先考虑的临时决定。例如:Someone is knocking at the door. I'll go and open it.(有人在敲门。我去开门。)
0. 表示意愿、决心、承诺等。例如:I will study hard this term.(这学期我会努力学习。)
通过"决策树"区分will/be going to:
(二)一般将来时与其他时态的区分
对比维度
一般将来时
一般现在时
现在进行时
过去将来时
核心意义
将来发生的动作/状态
习惯/真理/既定日程
正在进行的动作
从过去看将来
结构标志
will / be going to + V原
V原/V三单
am/is/are + V-ing
would / was going to
时间状语
▶ tomorrow, next week
▶ in 2030, soon
▶ always, often
▶ every day, on Monday
▶ now, at the moment
▶ Look! Listen!
▶ the next day
▶ in two hours (过去视角)
典型例句
1. I will call you tonight.
2. She is going to study abroad.
1. He plays basketball every Sunday.
2. The train leaves at 8 PM.
1. They are watching TV now.
2. Is it raining?
1. He said he would come.
2. I was going to travel before COVID.
中考高频考点
✅ 计划性 vs 临时决定
✅ 条件句主句 (If..., will...)
✅ 时刻表/自然规律
✅ 时间状语从句中代替将来时
✅ 当前可见动作
✅ 近期确定安排(如:I'm meeting him at 3)
✅ 宾语从句转述将来动作
✅ 未实现的计划
易混场景
❗ 与现在进行时表既定安排混淆:
▶ 将来时:I'll cook dinner. (临时决定)
▶ 进行时:I'm cooking dinner. (已备好食材)
❗ 误用于将来具体事件:
❌ I go to Beijing tomorrow.
✅ I will go...
❗ 误用于无计划动作:
❌ I'm going to like it. (主观感受)
✅ I will like...
❗ 与一般将来时混淆:
▶ 过去将来:He knew she would come.
▶ 一般将来:He knows she will come.
时态选择决策流程图:
(三)“be to + 动词原形” 与 “be about to + 动词原形”
1. be to + 动词原形
0. 表示按计划或安排要发生的事,常表示官方或正式的安排。例如:The president is to visit China next month.(总统下个月将访问中国。)
0. 用于征求对方意见。例如:What am I to do?(我该怎么办?)
17. be about to + 动词原形
0. 表示即将发生的动作,意为 “马上,立刻”,在时间上指最近的将来,通常不与具体的时间状语连用。例如:The train is about to leave.(火车马上就要开了。)
(四)主将从现 中考高频!
在时间状语从句(如 when 当…… 时候、while 在…… 期间、as soon as 一…… 就……、until 直到…… 为止等引导的从句)和条件状语从句(如 if 如果、unless 除非等引导的从句)中,主句用一般将来时,从句要用一般现在时表示将来。例如:
1. I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back.(他一回来我就会告诉他这个消息。)
1. If it rains tomorrow, we won't go to the park.(如果明天下雨,我们就不去公园了。)
练习3(四大重难点)
1. 选择合适的词(will 或 be going to)填空。
(1)-Why are you buying so much food?
-Because I ______ (will / am going to) have a big party tonight.
(2)I think it ______ (will / is going to) snow soon. The sky is so dark.
(3)-I'm too tired.
- Don't worry. I ______ (will / am going to) help you.
21. 用所给动词的正确时态(一般现在时、现在进行时或一般将来时)填空。
(1)He usually ______ (get) up at 6:30 in the morning.
(2)Listen! The birds ______ (sing) in the tree.
(3)We ______ (visit) the museum next Sunday.
22. 根据中文提示,选择正确的英文表达。
(1)他打算明天去钓鱼。( )
A. He will go fishing tomorrow. B. He is going to go fishing tomorrow.
(2)明天会是个好天气。( )
A. It is a fine day tomorrow. B. It will be a fine day tomorrow.
23. 用所给词的适当形式填空。
(1)The meeting ______ (be) to start at 9:00 tomorrow morning.
(2)Hurry up! The bus ______ (be) about to leave.
(3)I will call you as soon as I ______ (arrive) in Beijing.
(4)We ______ (not go) on a trip unless it ______ (stop) raining.
24. 根据中文提示,完成句子。
(1)你一到学校就给我打电话。Call me as soon as you ______ (arrive) at school.
(2)如果明天不下雨,我们就去爬山。
We ______ (climb) the mountain if it ______ (not rain) tomorrow.
四、三大易错点
(一)will 后动词形式错误
will +动词原形,不能用动词的其他形式。
例如:错误表达:He will goes to school tomorrow.
正确表达:He will go to school tomorrow.
(二)be going to 结构中 be 动词形式错误
be going to 结构中 be 动词要根据主语的人称和数进行变化。
口诀:
我用 am,你用 are,
is 连着他、她、它。
单数名词用 is,
复数名词全用 are。
例如:错误表达:I is going to visit my friend.
正确表达:I am going to visit my friend.
(三)时间状语使用不当
一般将来时要与表示将来的时间状语连用。如果使用了表示过去或现在的时间状语则错误。
例如:错误表达:He will play basketball yesterday. 正确表达:He will play basketball tomorrow.
练习4(易错点知识)
1. 找出下列句子中的错误并改正。
(1)She will plays games with her friends.
(2)They am going to have a party tonight.
(3)We will go shopping last week.
1. 选择正确的选项完成句子。
(1)He ______ (will /wills) help his mother do the housework.
(2)______ (Is / Are) you going to see a movie this evening?
(3)They will go on a trip ______ (next week /last week).
1. 根据中文提示,改正句子中的错误。
(1)我明天将去看电影。I will going to see a movie tomorrow.
(2)他打算下周去旅行。He is going to goes on a trip next week.
五、中考模拟
1. -What are your plans for the coming weekend?
-I ______ (go) to visit my grandparents.
2. If it ______ (not rain) tomorrow, we will go to the zoo.
3. -______ you ______ (come) to my party tomorrow
-Sure, I'd love to.
4. The sports meeting ______ (hold) next month.
5. Look at the dark clouds. It ______ (rain) soon.
6. He ______ (be) 15 years old next year.
7. I will tell him the news as soon as he ______ (come) back.
8. They ______ (not go) to the park if it rains tomorrow.
9. What ______ you ______ (do) this Sunday?
10. The train ______ (leave) in ten minutes. Hurry up!
六、强化练习(共 20 题)
1. A. 单项选择(10 题)Betty ______ her aunt next Saturday. She has already bought the train ticket.
A. visits B. visited C. is visiting D. has visited
2. —Look! The boys are wearing sports shoes.
—They ______ basketball after school.
A. play B. are going to play C. will play D. plays
3. There ______ a parents’ meeting tomorrow afternoon, isn’t there?
A. is going to have B. is going to be C. will have D. will be
4. I don’t know if it ______ tomorrow. If it ______, we’ll stay at home.
A. rains; rains B. will rain; rains C. rains; will rain D. will rain; will rain
5. Hurry up, or you ______ the early bus.
A. miss B. missed C. will miss D. have missed
6. —Have you decided how to get there?
—Yes. We ______ a taxi.
A. take B. took C. are taking D. are going to take
7. Mr. Li ______ in our school for twenty years by next May.
A. teaches B. taught C. will teach D. will have taught
8. The twins ______ their uncle in Beijing this summer.
A. are going to visit B. will be visiting C. visit D. visited
9. There ______ a new bridge over the river in two years.
A. will build B. will be built C. is going to build D. builds
B. Unless we ______ now, we ______ late for the film.
A. leave; are B. will leave; will be C. leave; will be D. left; were句型转换(5 题)
11. She is going to read a book tonight.(改为否定句)
____________________________________________________________________________________
12. There will be a fashion show next week.(改为一般疑问句)
____________________________________________________________________________________
13. They will finish the work in two days.(对划线部分提问)
____________________________________________________________________________________
14. My father is flying to London tomorrow.(改为同义句,用 be going to)
____________________________________________________________________________________
15. We’ll start after the rain stops.(保持句意基本不变)
____________________________________________________________________________________
C. 短文填空(5 题)
阅读短文,在空格处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Our school sports day ______ (16) ______ (hold) next Friday. All the students ______ (17) ______ (take) part in it. I ______ (18) ______ (run) in the 100-metre race. I believe I ______ (19) ______ (win) a prize. After the sports day, we ______ (20) ______ (have) a big party.
答案与解析
答案及解析
练习1
1. 选 C。 will + 动词原形,且 next month 表将来。
2. (1) × 一般现在时;(2) √ be going to 表将来。
3. will go / is going to go
4. tomorrow 表将来,用这两种形式均可。
5. B、D next month 和 in three days 均指将来时间。
练习2
(1)He will go to the zoo tomorrow.
肯定句:He will go to the zoo tomorrow.
否定句:He won't go to the zoo tomorrow.
一般疑问句:Will he go to the zoo tomorrow?
肯定 / 否定回答:Yes, he will. / No, he won't.
特殊疑问句(就划线部分 “the zoo” 提问):Where will he go tomorrow?
(2)They are going to have a picnic this Sunday.
肯定句:They are going to have a picnic this Sunday.
否定句:They aren't going to have a picnic this Sunday.
一般疑问句:Are they going to have a picnic this Sunday?
肯定 / 否定回答:Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.
特殊疑问句(就划线部分 “have a picnic” 提问):What are they going to do this Sunday?
练习3
一、选择合适的词(will 或 be going to)填空
(1)am going to
解析:句中 “买很多食物” 是为 “今晚举办大型派对” 做准备,说明这是事先计划好的事情,所以用 “be going to”,主语是 I,因此用 “am going to”。
(2)is going to
解析:“天空很暗” 是即将下雪的迹象,“be going to” 可表示有迹象表明即将发生某事,主语是 it,所以用 “is going to”。
(3)will
解析:“我太累了”,对方回应 “别担心,我会帮你”,这是未经事先考虑的临时决定,用 “will”。
二、用所给动词的正确时态填空
(1)gets
解析:“usually”(通常)是一般现在时的标志词,主语 he 是第三人称单数,所以动词 get 用第三人称单数形式 gets。
(2)are singing
解析:“Listen!”(听!)是现在进行时的标志词,强调动作正在进行,主语 the birds 是复数,所以 be 动词用 are,sing 用现在分词 singing。
(3)will visit / are going to visit
解析:“next Sunday”(下周日)是一般将来时的标志,可用 “will + 动词原形” 或 “be going to + 动词原形”,主语 we 是复数,若用 be going to 则为 are going to visit。
三、根据中文提示选择正确的英文表达
(1)B
解析:“打算去钓鱼” 表示事先计划好的动作,用 “be going to” 结构,A 选项用 will 表示单纯的将来,没有体现 “打算” 的含义,所以选 B。
(2)B
解析:“明天会是好天气” 是将来的状态,用一般将来时 “will be”,A 选项用一般现在时,不符合时间状语 “tomorrow”,所以选 B。
四、用所给词的适当形式填空
(1)is
解析:“be to + 动词原形” 表示按计划安排要发生的事,主语 the meeting 是单数,所以 be 动词用 is。
(2)is
解析:“be about to + 动词原形” 表示即将发生的动作,主语 the bus 是单数,所以 be 动词用 is。
(3)arrive
解析:“as soon as”(一…… 就……)引导时间状语从句,遵循 “主将从现” 原则,主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,主语 I 是第一人称,所以动词 arrive 用原形。
(4)won't go;stops
解析:“unless”(除非)引导条件状语从句,遵循 “主将从现” 原则。主句用一般将来时的否定形式 “won't go”;从句主语 it 是第三人称单数,动词 stop 用第三人称单数形式 stops。
五、根据中文提示完成句子
(1)arrive
解析:“as soon as” 引导时间状语从句,遵循 “主将从现” 原则,从句用一般现在时,主语 you 是第二人称,所以动词 arrive 用原形。
(2)will climb;doesn't rain
解析:“if”(如果)引导条件状语从句,遵循 “主将从现” 原则。主句用一般将来时 “will climb”;从句主语 it 是第三人称单数,否定形式用 “doesn't rain”。
练习4
一、找出下列句子中的错误并改正
(1)错误:plays
改正:She will play games with her friends.
解析:will 后接动词原形,plays 是第三人称单数形式,不符合语法规则,应改为 play。
(2)错误:am
改正:They are going to have a party tonight.
解析:be going to 结构中,be 动词要根据主语变化,主语 they 是复数,应用 are,而 am 用于第一人称单数 I,所以将 am 改为 are。
(3)错误:last week
改正:We will go shopping next week.
解析:一般将来时应与表示将来的时间状语连用,last week(上周)表示过去,不符合语境,应改为 next week(下周)。
二、选择正确的选项完成句子
(1)will
解析:will 没有人称和数的变化,wills 是错误形式,所以选 will。
(2)Are
解析:主语 you 是第二人称,be 动词应用 are,is 用于第三人称单数,所以选 Are。
(3)next week
解析:一般将来时的动作发生在将来,next week(下周)表示将来,last week(上周)表示过去,所以选 next week。
三、根据中文提示,改正句子中的错误
(1)错误:will going to
改正:I will see a movie tomorrow. 或 I am going to see a movie tomorrow.
解析:一般将来时的正确结构是 “will + 动词原形” 或 “be going to + 动词原形”,原句将两种结构混淆,应选用其中一种。
(2)错误:goes
改正:He is going to go on a trip next week.
解析:be going to 后接动词原形,goes 是第三人称单数形式,不符合规则,应改为 go。
五、中考模拟
1. will go /am going to go。根据问句 “你对即将到来的周末有什么计划”,回答表示将来的动作,可用 will + 动词原形或 be going to + 动词原形结构。
1. doesn't rain。if 引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,从句用一般现在时,rain 是实义动词,主语 it 是第三人称单数,否定借助 doesn't,后接动词原形。
1. Will; come。根据答语 “当然,我很乐意”,可知问句是询问明天是否来参加派对,用一般将来时的一般疑问句形式,will 提前,后接动词原形。
1. will be held。运动会是被举办,且时间是下个月,用一般将来时的被动语态,结构为 will be + 过去分词,hold 的过去分词是 held。
1. is going to rain。根据 “看那些乌云”,有迹象表明即将下雨,用 be going to + 动词原形结构表示有迹象要发生的事。
1. will be。表示明年的年龄,用 will + 动词原形结构。
1. comes。as soon as 引导的时间状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,从句用一般现在时,主语 he 是第三人称单数,动词用 comes。
1. won't go。if 引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现原则,主句用一般将来时的否定形式,will not 缩写为 won't,后接动词原形。
1. will; do /are; going to do。询问这个周日打算做什么,用一般将来时的特殊疑问句形式,可用 will + 动词原形或 be going to + 动词原形结构。
1. will leave /is going to leave。火车十分钟后离开,可用 will + 动词原形或 be going to + 动词原形结构表示将来的动作。
六、强化练习(共 20 题)
1. C。next Saturday 且已买票,用现在进行时表确定的将来。
2. B。有迹象的将来用 be going to。
3. B。there be 的将来时用 is going to be。
4. B。第一空宾语从句用将来时;第二空条件状语从句用一般现在时。
5. C。or 引导的并列句中,前句祈使句,后句用将来时。
6. D。已决定,用 be going to。
7. D。by next May 用将来完成时。
8. A。this summer 表将来,已有计划,用 be going to。
9. B。bridge 与 build 为被动关系,用 will be built。
10. C。unless 引导条件状语从句,主将从现。
11. She isn’t going to read a book tonight.
12. Will there be a fashion show next week?
13. How soon will they finish the work?
14. My father is going to fly to London tomorrow.
15. We won’t start until the rain stops.
16. is going to be held
17. will take
18. am going to run
19. will win
20. are going to have
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$