精品解析：山东省济南市2025-2026学年高一上学期英语学科阶段性综合素质调研模拟检测试题（二）

绝密★启用前 　　　　 2025年高中学科综合素质调研检测试题（二） 英　语　（2025年编制） 满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用0.5mm黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力　(共两节，满分30分) 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。 第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Visit a famous place. 　　　　B. Drink some wine. 　　　 C. Try some food. 2. What is the man going to do? A. Find a private room. 　　　　　 B. Leave the building. 　　　 C. Go to a train station. 3. When will dinner be served? A. At 5 : 30 pm. B. At 6: 00 pm. C. At 8:00 pm. 4. How does the man feel? A. Crazy. B. Surprised. C. Tired. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Animals. B. Forests. C. Habits. 第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman probably doing? A Working on her farm.　　　　B. Offering the man a job.　　　C. Asking the man to sell her his land. 7. When did the man start to work on the farm? A. At the age of 18. B. At the age of 20. C. At the age of 28. 听第 7 段材料， 回答第 8 至 10 题。 8 How many voice massages have the woman left? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 9. What problem does the woman have? A. She is a little deaf. B. She fails to contact someone. C. She sends the wrong message. 10. What will the woman do next? A. Clean her house. B. Visit her grandpa. C. Pack the books. 听第 8 段材料, 回答第 11 至 13 题。 11. What's the woman's feeling of the interview? A. Confident. B. Calm. C. Upset. 12. What problem does the woman think she had? A. She answered incorrectly. B. She spoke too much. C. She spent too much time preparing. 13. What's the woman's plan for tonight? A. Going to bed early. B. Having another interview. C. Seeing a show with her friend. 听第 9 段材料, 回答第 14 至 17 题。 14. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. The coming meeting. B. The change of the weather. C. The man's schedule. 15. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Headmaster and secretary. B. Husband and wife. C. Doctor and patient. 16. What will the man do at 3 : 00 p. m. today? A. Meet John Carroll. B. Talk to science teachers. C. Pick up his suit. 17. What does the, man prefer to drink? A. Tea. B. Water. C. Coffee. 听第 10 段材料, 回答第 18 至 20 题。 18. What happened when the speaker was 10 years old? A. He lost his parents. B. His toys were stolen. 　 C. His father's business failed. 19. What is the speaker's job probably? A. An actor. B. An educator. C. A businessman. 20. Who is the speaker's organization for? A. Less lucky parents. B. Poor children. C. Sick children. 第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Nowadays, the streaming music field is filled with seemingly similar services and interchangeable functions. However, a deeper dive shows that many of the highest-rated streaming music apps include a wide range of features. We’ve tested the notable names to help you narrow down your choices. Why We Picked It LiveOne features a deep well of quality listening material, which includes informative DJs, numerous podcasts (播客) radio theatres, and concert streams. Who It’s For Rock music fans will dig LiveOne, which focuses on the live music experience. If your favorite band is coming to town, you can purchase tickets to see a show in person or enjoy the show via live stream on your mobile phone. Why We Picked It By joining live radio, in-studio artist interviews, and traditional streaming audio together, SiriusXM owns its secret to success. An extremely generous three-month tryout lets you explore the service’s offerings before paying cash. Who It’s For SiriusXM is the perfect service for radio lovers who want to pursue life style and new shows. There’s a comforting nostalgia (怀旧) that comes from surfing channels on the radio, and SiriusXM brings that old-school memories to your vehicle or mobile device. Why We Picked It The music streaming industry is a particularly competitive field, so Deezer, which entered the scene in 2016, has its competitiveness. Still, Deezer is a well-rounded package that offers music, live radio show, and podcasts, as well as a few interesting parts to make the service worth your while. Who It’s For One of Deezer’s most interesting features is its ability to import MP3 files. If you have your favorite music files saved on a computer, you can upload them to your account via Deezer’s website. Why We Picked It There’s no shortage of streaming music services that highlight trending music. When it comes to classical music, however, many services fall short. Idagio offers a large record of high-quality classical music, as well as live-streamed concerts and interviews. Who It’s For There are plenty of music streaming services with classical tunes, but Idagio has the type-specific tools you need to find the music you want. 1. If you want to experience live-streamed classical music you can download ______. A. LiveOne B. SiriusXM C. Deezer D. Idagio 2. What makes SiriusXM different from others? A. It provides live radio show. B. It offers short-term free use. C. It is popular with old schools. D. It can be used on mobile phones. 3. The passage is intended to ______. A. introduce the music on music apps B. share the features of different music apps C. rate services on the four popular music apps D. give instructions on the download of music apps 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个音乐流媒体平台。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中最后一个部分中的“When it comes to classical music, however, many services fall short. Idagio offers a large record of high-quality classical music, as well as live-streamed concerts and interviews.(然而，当涉及到古典音乐时，许多服务都不足。Idagio提供了高质量的古典音乐，以及直播音乐会和采访的大量记录。)”可知，如果对古典音乐感兴趣，可以选择Idagio。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中第二部分中“An extremely generous three-month tryout lets you explore the service’s offerings before paying cash. (一个极其慷慨的三个月试用让你在支付现金之前探索服务的产品。)”可知，该音乐流媒体平台提供短期的免费使用，使其与众不同。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Nowadays, the streaming music field is filled with seemingly similar services and interchangeable functions. However, a deeper dive shows that many of the highest-rated streaming music apps include a wide range of features. We’ve tested the notable names to help you narrow down your choices.( 如今，流媒体音乐领域充斥着看似相似的服务和可互换的功能。然而，更深入的研究表明，许多排名最高的流媒体音乐应用程序都包含了广泛的功能。我们测试了一些著名的名字，以帮助你缩小选择范围。)”可知，文章的目的是许多排名最高的流媒体音乐应用程序都包含了广泛的功能，文章对此进行介绍即分享不同音乐应用程序的功能。故选B。 B Even at 80, Mei Jingtian still patrols (巡逻) the Shixiaguan part of the Great Wall. With over 40 years of experience, he taps the overgrown ground with a wooden stick, warning wild animals for safety. He lives in Shixia village near the 8.6-kilometer part. Shixia villagers have a deep love for the wall. Mei remembers when he ran and played hide-and-seek with his friends on the large building as a child. However in 1979, when he returned to Shixia after working outside for years, he was shocked by the terrible situation of the old wall. “Some villagers even took stones from it to build their houses,” Mei says. To protect the wonder, Mei volunteered as a guardian, patrolling 20 kilometers daily, preventing people from taking stones, writing on the wall or dropping litter. In 1984, a Great Wall protection program started, with Mei’s effort encouraging many, and it was quickly picked up by villagers in Shixia. Realizing the importance of protection, more and more of them returned the stones they had taken and joined Mei on patrol. In 2006, as village head, Mei set up a volunteer protection organisation, and about 80 of 100 villagers joined as guardians. His niece, Liu Hongyan, encouraged by him, also became a guardian in 2019. “When I was a child, my uncle always told me his patrol stories and talked about the history of the Great Wall,” Liu says. “It is my duty and responsibility to protect the Great Wall.” Mei’s hard work has made a difference. From 2015 to 2023 289 protection projects were allowed and thousands of guardians joined. Even though there is progress, the Shixiaguan part still remains closed to the public. “My biggest wish,” Mei says, “is to see the Great Wall well-protected and open for all to visit, encouraging more people to join us in protecting it.” 4. What made Mei Jingtian decide to protect the Great Wall? A. The dream of being a hero. B. The influence of his friends. C. Poor condition of the Great Wall. D. Encouragement from the villagers. 5. What do the underlined words “picked up” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Recognised. B. Finished. C. Managed. D. Developed. 6. Which of the following best describes Mei Jingtian? A. Careful and confident. B. Kind-hearted and humorous. C. Creative and curious. D. Responsible and strong-willed. 7. What does the text mainly talk about? A. A lifelong guardian of the Great Wall. B. Villagers’ deep love for the Great Wall. C. The progress in protecting the Great Wall. D. A practical Great Wall protection program. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了梅景田毕生致力于保护长城的事迹，他最初决定志愿成为长城守护者，后来他努力组织和鼓励他人加入保护长城的行列。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“However in 1979, when he returned to Shixia after working outside for years, he was shocked by the terrible situation of the old wall. “Some villagers even took stones from it to build their houses,” Mei says. To protect the wonder, Mei volunteered as a guardian, patrolling 20 kilometers daily, preventing people from taking stones, writing on the wall or dropping litter. (然而，1979年，当他在外面工作多年后回到石峡时，他被老城墙的可怕状况震惊了。梅说：“一些村民甚至用石头盖房子。”为了保护这一奇迹，梅自愿成为一名守护者，每天巡逻20公里，防止人们拿石头、在墙上写字或乱扔垃圾)”可知，残破的长城使梅景田决定保护长城。故选C项。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线部分的下文“Realizing the importance of protection, more and more of them returned the stones they had taken and joined Mei on patrol. (意识到保护的重要性，越来越多的人归还了他们带走的石头，加入了梅的巡逻)”可知，当地村民意识到要保护长城，开始着手进行保护计划。由此可知，长城保护计划得到了这里的村民的认可，画线部分意思应该与Recognised“认可，承认”一致。故选A项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Even at 80, Mei Jingtian still patrols (巡逻) the Shixiaguan part of the Great Wall. (即使在80岁的时候，梅景田仍然在石峡关长城巡逻)”、第二段中“To protect the wonder, Mei volunteered as a guardian, patrolling 20 kilometers daily, preventing people from taking stones, writing on the wall or dropping litter. (为了保护这一奇迹，梅自愿成为一名守护者，每天巡逻20公里，防止人们拿石头、在墙上写字或乱扔垃圾)”和第三段中“In 2006, as village head, Mei set up a volunteer protection organisation, and about 80 of 100 villagers joined as guardians. (2006年，作为村长，梅成立了一个志愿者保护组织，100名村民中约有80人作为守护人加入)”可知，梅景田志愿做长城的守护者，每天巡逻，防止长城被破坏，成立志愿者保护组织，80岁还在坚守这一使命。这些展现了他的责任感和坚强意志。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Even at 80, Mei Jingtian still patrols (巡逻) the Shixiaguan part of the Great Wall. (即使在80岁的时候，梅景田仍然在石峡关长城巡逻)”可知，文章围绕梅景田毕生致力于保护长城的事迹展开，他最初决定志愿成为长城守护者，后来他努力组织和鼓励他人加入保护长城的行列，即文章主要是关于长城的终身守护者。故选A项。 C The Brain’s Stress Loop: Unlocking Depression’s Code For decades, scientists puzzled over a paradox: norepinephrine (NE，去甲肾上腺素) a brain chemical linked to alertness, seemed to both worsen and relieve depression (抑郁症). A 2025 study in Cell by China’s Liangzhu Laboratory finally offered clues, mapping how stress hijacks brain networks to trigger (引发) despair. Led by Dr. Hu Hailan, the team tracked nerve activity in mice exposed to long-term stress —daily mild shocks — for three weeks. They discovered a “harmful cycle” involving three key parts: nerve cells in the lateral habenula (a brain region tied to negative emotions), cells that release norepinephrine in the locus coeruleus (蓝斑核，大脑内一个与神经调节相关的区域), and star-shaped support cells called astrocytes (星形辅助细胞) in the lateral habenula. Here’s how the loop works: Stress first overexcites (过度刺激) lateral habenula nerve cells, which tell the locus coeruleus to release NE. But instead of calming the stress response, this NE is “poured out” in irregular bursts, because overactive astrocytes disturb its normal, steady flow. The unsteady (不规则的) NE then reactivates the lateral habenula nerve cells, increasing stress signals and trapping the brain in a spiral of negativity. Crucially, the study found NE’s role depends not on total amount but release rhythm. Mice with steady NE levels (even high ones) resisted depression, while those with erratic bursts showed helplessness — a classic depression symptom (症状) — within days. When researchers used drugs to stabilize (稳定) NE release, the stressed mice recovered their will to explore and avoid shocks. Dr. Hu notes, “We’ve been targeting (以……为目标) NE levels for decades, but the real culprit is its erratic dance with brain cells.” This shifts focus: future treatments might aim to “conduct” NE’s rhythm rather than just adjust its quantity. 8. What made the 2025 study different from earlier research on NE and depression? A. It studied mice instead of humans. B. It focused on NE release patterns, not just total levels. C. It proved NE always worsens depression. D. It ignored the role of astrocytes. 9. How do astrocytes contribute to the stress cycle? A. They produce too much NE during stress. B. They stop lateral habenula neurons from overfiring. C. They disrupt the steady flow of NE, causing bursts. D. They protect the brain from chronic stress. 10. Why did mice with steady NE levels resist depression? A. Their total NE amounts were very low. B. Their locus coeruleus cells were inactive. C. Their NE release followed a regular pattern. D. They never experienced mild shocks. 11. What might future depression treatments target based on the study? A. Removing all NE from the brain. B. Stopping stress signals from reaching the brain. C. Stabilizing the rhythm of NE release. D. Destroying lateral habenula neurons. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍2025年研究揭示大脑压力循环中去甲肾上腺素与抑郁症的关联及治疗新方向。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Crucially, the study found NE’s role depends not on total amount but release rhythm.(关键的是，研究发现去甲肾上腺素的作用不取决于总量，而取决于释放节奏。)”可知，2025年的研究与早期关于去甲肾上腺素和抑郁症的研究不同之处在于，它关注去甲肾上腺素的释放模式，而不仅仅是总量。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“But instead of calming the stress response, this NE is “poured out” in irregular bursts, because overactive astrocytes disturb its normal, steady flow.(但这种去甲肾上腺素并没有缓解压力反应，而是以不规则的爆发形式“涌出”，因为过度活跃的星形辅助细胞扰乱了它正常、稳定的流动。)”可知，星形辅助细胞通过扰乱去甲肾上腺素的稳定流动，导致其爆发，从而促成压力循环。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Mice with steady NE levels (even high ones) resisted depression, while those with erratic bursts showed helplessness — a classic depression symptom — within days.(去甲肾上腺素水平稳定的老鼠（即使水平很高）能抵抗抑郁症，而那些去甲肾上腺素爆发不稳定的老鼠在几天内就表现出无助——这是抑郁症的典型症状。)”可知，去甲肾上腺素水平稳定的老鼠能抵抗抑郁症是因为它们的去甲肾上腺素释放遵循规律的模式。故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“This shifts focus: future treatments might aim to “conduct” NE’s rhythm rather than just adjust its quantity.(这转移了焦点：未来的治疗可能旨在“引导”去甲肾上腺素的节奏，而不仅仅是调整其数量。)”可知，基于这项研究，未来的抑郁症治疗可能会以稳定去甲肾上腺素释放的节奏为目标。故选C项。 D Metropolitan expansion, often hailed as a sign of progress, harbors a meteorological anomaly (异常现象) known as the urban heat island (UHI) effect — wherein cities register temperatures 2–8°C higher than adjacent rural areas. A 2023 study spanning 50 global megacities (特大城市) revealed that this disparity intensifies (加剧) nocturnally, with urban nighttime temperatures averaging 5.2°C warmer, a phenomenon researchers attribute to the thermal inertia of impermeable (不能渗透的) surfaces like asphalt and concrete. The mechanisms driving UHIs are multifaceted yet interconnected. Solar radiation absorption by dark-colored infrastructure exceeds that of vegetated landscapes by 30–40%, a difference compounded by anthropogenic (人为的) heat sources: air conditioning units, industrial processes, and vehicular emissions collectively contribute 15–20% of urban heat gain. What complicates mitigation is the albedo (反照率) paradox — while light-colored “cool roofs” reflect 60% more sunlight than traditional dark roofs, their widespread adoption might inadvertently reduce snowmelt in nearby regions by altering atmospheric radiation patterns, a 2022 climate model suggests. Ecological ramifications extend beyond temperature. Urban heat stress disrupts phenological cycles: in Tokyo, cherry blossoms now bloom 7–10 days earlier than in the 1980s, mismatching pollinator (传粉者) activity. Aquatic systems suffer too; warm urban runoff (径流) raises stream temperatures by 3–6°C, reducing dissolved (溶解的) oxygen levels — a critical factor for 72% of freshwater fish species studied in the Thames River basin. Human health bears the brunt as well. Heat-related hospitalizations in U.S. cities surge (激增) by 2.3% for each 1°C temperature rise above 32°C, with elderly populations at 4.1 times greater risk. Paradoxically (矛盾地) , increased air conditioning use to counteract (抵消) heat elevates energy consumption by 10–15%, creating a feedback loop (循环) where carbon emissions intensifies global warming, further intensifying UHIs. Proposed solutions reveal unexpected trade-offs. Urban reforestation, while reducing ambient temperatures by 2–3°C through evapotranspiration , can increase pollen (花粉) counts by 25–30%, worsening respiratory conditions. Green infrastructure like rain gardens mitigates (缓解) runoff but may harbor mosquito larvae in stagnant water, potentially elevating vector-borne disease risks in tropical cities. As climatologist Dr. Amir Patel notes, “Addressing UHIs demands not silver bullets but adaptive mosaic (mosaic) strategies — interventions that balance local cooling with broader ecological stability.” The challenge lies in recognizing that each urban microclimate responds uniquely to interventions, defying one-size-fits-all approaches. 12. Why is the urban-rural temperature difference greater at night? A. City infrastructure holds heat longer than natural areas B. Cities absorb more sunlight during the day C. More heat is produced by devices at night D. There is less cloud cover over cities at night 13. What complicates the potential benefits of cool roofs according to the albedo paradox? A. Their reflective properties might have unintended effects on nearby environmental processes B. They require more frequent maintenance than traditional roofs, increasing costs C. They fail to reduce temperatures as effectively in urban centers as in suburbs D. Their light color makes them more prone to damage from extreme weather 14. The feedback loop created by increased air conditioning use arises because of which chain of events? A. Lower indoor temperatures lead to less outdoor activity, reducing urban cooling B. Higher energy demand from AC units results in factors that worsen the heat island effect C. Uneven cooling in buildings causes air pressure differences that trap heat D. Overuse of AC systems leads to mechanical failures that release excess heat 15. Why do experts caution against universal approaches to mitigating urban heat islands? A. Rural communities often resist measures that might alter regional temperature patterns B. The success of any strategy depends on unique interactions within each city’s environment C. Most proposed solutions have been proven ineffective in long-term studies D. Funding for large-scale projects is unavailable in most urban areas 【答案】12. A 13. A 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍城市热岛效应的成因、影响及应对措施中的权衡问题。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A 2023 study spanning 50 global megacities revealed that this disparity intensifies nocturnally, with urban nighttime temperatures averaging 5.2°C warmer, a phenomenon researchers attribute to the thermal inertia of impermeable surfaces like asphalt and concrete.(2023年一项涵盖全球50个特大城市的研究显示，这种差异在夜间加剧，城市夜间温度平均高出5.2°C，研究人员将这一现象归因于沥青和混凝土等不透水表面的热惯性。)”可知，城市与农村的温差在夜间更大是因为城市基础设施比自然区域保留热量的时间更长。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“What complicates mitigation is the albedo paradox — while light-colored “cool roofs” reflect 60% more sunlight than traditional dark roofs, their widespread adoption might inadvertently reduce snowmelt in nearby regions by altering atmospheric radiation patterns, a 2022 climate model suggests.(2022年的一个气候模型显示，使缓解工作复杂化的是反照率悖论——虽然浅色的“凉爽屋顶”比传统的深色屋顶多反射60%的阳光，但它们的广泛采用可能会通过改变大气辐射模式，无意中减少附近地区的融雪量。)”可知，根据反照率悖论，凉爽屋顶的潜在好处变得复杂是因为它们的反射特性可能对附近的环境过程产生意想不到的影响。故选A项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Paradoxically, increased air conditioning use to counteract heat elevates energy consumption by 10–15%, creating a feedback loop where carbon emissions intensify global warming, further intensifying UHIs.(矛盾的是，为了抵消热量而增加空调使用量使能源消耗增加了10–15%，形成了一个反馈循环：碳排放加剧全球变暖，进一步加剧城市热岛效应。)”可知，空调使用增加所产生的反馈循环是由于空调机组的高能源需求导致了加剧热岛效应的因素。故选B项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As climatologist Dr. Amir Patel notes, “Addressing UHIs demands not silver bullets but adaptive mosaic strategies — interventions that balance local cooling with broader ecological stability.” The challenge lies in recognizing that each urban microclimate responds uniquely to interventions, defying one-size-fits-all approaches.(正如气候学家阿米尔·帕特尔博士所指出的：“解决城市热岛效应不需要万能药，而需要适应性的 mosaic 策略——平衡局部冷却与更广泛生态稳定的干预措施。”挑战在于认识到每个城市的微气候对干预措施的反应都是独特的，不适合一刀切的方法。)”可知，专家告诫不要采用通用方法缓解城市热岛效应是因为任何策略的成功都取决于每个城市环境内的独特相互作用。故选B项。 第二节 阅读七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I have a terrible sense of direction, so without the guide of GPS — the Global Positioning System — not only would I be lost, but also I’d feel lost. ___16___. If you want to get confidence on the road or be less dependent on GPS to get around, here are some steps you can take to improve your sense of direction. Turn off your GPS and get lost on purpose. Next time you go for a walk, go down a road you’ve not walked and see where it ends up or take the beautiful road to your favorite restaurant or coffee shop. ___17___ . The goal is to get comfortable with getting lost and moving through the world without a map. Use landmarks to guide yourself. Not sure if you’re north, south, east or west from home? ___18___. The perfect landmark is large and far away, like a big sign, a highway, or a bridge which can serve as a better mark of direction. Use memory tricks (技巧) to remember where you are. People with a good sense of direction know their streets. If you have no sense of direction, you can try some expert methods. Keep street names and roads in mind by using stories and tricks to lock things in. ___19___. These methods may not turn you into an expert guide able to find your way out of being lost. ___20___. And you can use them to gain a better sense of ownership over your environment. A. Driving with GPS brings trouble sometimes. B. Pick landmarks in town to help guide yourself. C. But they can reduce any anxiety about getting lost. D. It gives you an idea of how the streets are connected. E. Then see if you can make it back home without a GPS. F. This is especially helpful when street names are hard to know. G. However, dependence on GPS can lead to a narrower view of your environment. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了不利用GPS，培养方向感的一些方法。 【16题详解】 前文“I have a terrible sense of direction, so without the guide of GPS — the Global Positioning System — not only would I be lost, but also I’d feel lost.(我的方向感很差，所以如果没有GPS（全球定位系统）的指引，我不仅会迷路，而且会感到迷路)”可知，作者描述自己方向感很差，需要借助GPS引导；后文“If you want to get confidence on the road or be less dependent on GPS to get around, here are some steps you can take to improve your sense of direction.(如果你想在路上获得信心，或者少依赖GPS出行，这里有一些你可以采取的步骤来提高你的方向感)”表明下文介绍减少对于GPS的依赖提高自身方向感的措施，推断空处应该写出依赖GPS的坏处，G选项“然而，对GPS的依赖会导致你对环境的视野更窄”与前文转折，说明对于GPS依赖的坏处。故选G。 【17题详解】 前文“Next time you go for a walk, go down a road you’ve not walked and see where it ends up or take the beautiful road to your favorite restaurant or coffee shop.(下次你去散步的时候，走一条你没走过的路，看看它会停在哪里，或者走一条美丽的路去你最喜欢的餐厅或咖啡店)”表明步行时要走一条从未走过的路，不依赖GPS，E选项“然后看看你能不能在没有GPS的情况下回家”同样表明不用GPS的情况，符合语境。故选E。 【18题详解】 前文“Not sure if you’re north, south, east or west from home?(不确定你是在家的北、南、东还是西边)”引出问题，空处引提出解决方案，结合后文“The perfect landmark is large and far away, like a big sign, a highway, or a bridge which can serve as a better mark of direction.(完美的地标是又大又远的，像一个大的标志，一条公路或一座桥，可以作为更好的方向标志)”可知，空处应表示利用路标，B选项“选择城里的地标来帮助你自己”符合语境。故选B。 【19题详解】 前文“Keep street names and roads in mind by using stories and tricks to lock things in.(使用故事和技巧来记住街道名称和道路，以便在需要时能够迅速找到它们)”表示可以通过记住街道名称和道路来认路，F选项“当街道名称很难知道时，这尤其有用”中This指代“使用故事和技巧来记住街道名称和道路”，同样表示利用街道名称和道路来认路。故选F。 20题详解】 前文“These methods may not turn you into an expert guide able to find your way out of being lost.(这些方法可能无法让你成为一名能够在迷路时找到出路的专家导游)”表明这些方法不会让自己成为专家导游，空处应描述这些方法的实际用处，C选项“但它们可以减少迷路的焦虑”符合语境，与前文语境一致。故选C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mr. Brown had to go to his camp in the midst of the mountains in California. His men were ___21___ the big trees, and putting them together in ___22___ for the floods (洪水）of the river, when the snows melted (融化). Then they would slide (使滑行) them down the mountain sides to the little villages. There was a great deal of snow on the mountains, and Mr. Brown knew it would be ___23___ work climbing to the camp, but Lady Gray was ___24___. Lady Gray was Mr. Brown’s pet horse, and she was always happy when her ___25___ was in the saddle (马鞍). But today the snow was very ___26___ and soon Mr. Brown had to get off, throw away the saddle, and ___27___ her. Late in the afternoon they reached the camp ___28___, and it was several days before they were able to ___29___. The snow was still deep and Mr. Brown knew he must go back on snow-shoes, but he was afraid Lady Gray would have to be left behind. Finally one of the men suggested ___30___her some snow-shoes. They cut four round pieces of board, 30 cm across, and fastened (系牢） them on with ___31___. Lady Gray seemed to ___32___ what they were for and tried very hard to walk in them. She was very___33___at first and could hardly stand up, but by ___34___ a little every day she was soon able to manage ___35___.Mr.Brown and Lady Gray both returned on snow- shoes. Everyone did laugh when they saw them. But they never could have done it if they had not tried. 21. A. picking up B. coming along C. cutting down D. taking away 22. A. preparing B. fighting C. searching D. answering 23. A. busy B. simple C. important D. hard 24. A. handsome B. shy C. strong D. funny 25. A. master B. designer C. follower D. inventor 26. A. light B. deep C. soft D. icy 27. A. lead B. feed C. warm D. wash 28. A. confused B. tired C. frightened D. annoyed 29. A. escape B. separate C. arrive D. return 30. A. buying B. making C. bringing D. handing 31. A. rope B. brush C. fire D. glue 32. A. fight B. admire C. doubt D. understand 33. A. surprised B. awkward C. stupid D. crazy 34. A. moving B. climbing C. comparing D. practicing 35. A. angrily B. politely C. nicely D. painfully 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了布朗先生为了让自己的马“格雷夫人”能够在雪地上行走，于是给她制作了雪鞋的事情。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他的手下正在砍下大树，把它们堆在一起，为积雪融化时河水泛滥做准备。A. picking up捡起；B. coming along前往；C. cutting down砍伐；D. taking away拿走。根据后文“the big trees, and putting them together”可知是正在砍伐大树。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的手下正在砍下大树，把它们堆在一起，为积雪融化时河水泛滥做准备。A. preparing准备；B. fighting战斗；C. searching搜索；D. answering回答。根据后文“for the floods of the river, when the snows melted”可知，砍树是为了洪水泛滥做准备。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：山上有很多雪，布朗先生知道爬到营地会很困难，但格雷夫人很强壮。A. busy忙碌的；B. simple简单的；C. important重要的；D. hard困难的。根据上文“There was a great deal of snow on the mountains”可知，山上雪很多，所以爬起来很困难。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：山上有很多雪，布朗先生知道爬到营地会很困难，但格雷夫人很强壮。A. handsome英俊的；B. shy害羞的；C. strong强壮的；D. funny有趣的。结合but表示转折，可知，虽然爬到营地会很困难，但马很强壮，故选C。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：格雷夫人是布朗先生的宠物马，当她的主人骑在马鞍上时，她总是很高兴。A. master主人；B. designer设计师；C. follower跟随者；D. inventor发明者。根据上文“Lady Gray was Mr. Brown's pet horse”此处指主人骑在马上。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是今天雪下得非常深，很快布朗先生不得不下车，扔掉马鞍，牵着她走。A. light轻的；B. deep深的；C. soft温柔的；D. icy冰的。根据后文“The snow was still deep”可知，雪下得很深，故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是今天雪下得非常深，很快布朗先生不得不下车，扔掉马鞍，牵着她走。A. lead带领；B. feed喂养；C. warm温暖；D. wash洗涤。根据上文“Mr. Brown had to get off, throw away the saddle, and”可知，雪下得非常深，很快布朗先生不得不下车，扔掉马鞍，牵着马走。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下午晚些时候，他们到达了营地，已经很累了，过好几天才能回去。A. confused困惑的；B. tired疲惫的；C. frightened害怕的；D. annoyed生气的。结合上文可知，他们在雪很深的路上走了一天，到达营地肯定是疲惫的。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：下午晚些时候，他们到达了营地，已经很累了，过好几天才能回去。A. escape逃走；B. separate分开；C. arrive到达；D. return返回。根据后文“The snow was still deep and Mr. Brown knew he must go back on snow-shoes, but he was afraid Lady Gray would have to be left behind.(雪还很厚，布朗先生知道他必须穿上雪鞋回去，但他担心格雷夫人会落在后面)”可知，此处指要回去还要等几天。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，其中一个男人建议给她做一双雪鞋。A. buying购买；B. making制作；C. bringing带来；D. handing递给。根据后文“They cut four round pieces of board”可知，建议给马做一双雪鞋。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们剪下四块圆木板，宽30厘米，用绳子把它们系在一起。A. rope绳子；B. brush刷子；C. fire火；D. glue胶水。根据上文“and fastened them on with”可知，是用绳子把木板系在一起。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：格雷夫人似乎明白它们是干什么用的，并努力穿着它们走路。A. fight战斗；B. admire钦佩；C. doubt怀疑；D. understand理解。根据后文“what they were for and tried very hard to walk in them”可知，马好像理解了人的行为，于是穿着这些木板走路。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初她很笨拙，几乎站不起来，但通过每天练习一点，她很快就能很好地应付了。A. surprised惊讶的；B. awkward笨拙的；C. stupid愚蠢的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据后文“at first and could hardly stand up”可知，一开始穿着这些木板马很笨拙，站不起来。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初她很笨拙，几乎站不起来，但通过每天练习一点，她很快就能很好地应付了。A. moving移动；B. climbing攀爬；C. comparing对比；D. practicing练习。根据后文“a little every day she was soon able to manage”指通过练习习惯了这些木板。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初她很笨拙，几乎站不起来，但通过每天练习一点，她很快就能很好地应付了。A. angrily生气地；B. politely礼貌地；C. nicely漂亮地；D. painfully痛苦地。根据后文“Mr. Brown and Lady Gray both returned on snow- shoes.(布朗先生和格雷夫人都穿着雪鞋回来了)”可知，后面马能穿着雪鞋走路了，说明能很好地应对了，应用nicely。故选C。 第二节 阅读填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I’m a freshman at senior high school. ___36___ (go) from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. The first week was a little ___37___ (confuse). First, I had to think very carefully about what courses I wanted to take. The school adviser recommended that I should sign up ___38___ advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it. I had to choose extra-curricular ___39___ (activity), too. I tried to join the school football team, ___40___ the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough. ___41___ (obvious), I was unhappy. However, I won’t quit. I’ll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make ___42___ team next year. I know I’ll have to study much ___43___ (hard) as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more. I’m a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course, and it’ll be quite difficult ___44___ (get) used to all the homework. Still, I’m happy to be here. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but no matter what else ____45____ (come) in the future, I’ll be well prepared. 【答案】36. Going 37. confusing 38. for 39. activities 40. but 41. Obviously 42. the 43. harder 44. to get 45. comes 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位高中新生在学校里遇到的挑战。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从初中到高中是一个很大的挑战。空处作主语，描述的是一个普遍的情况，应用动名词形式，句首单词首字母大写。故填Going。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：第一周有点令人困惑。作表语，主语为week应用形容词confusing“令人困惑的”。故填confusing。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：学校的指导老师建议我报名参加高级文学课，因为我喜欢英语并且擅长英语。固定短语sign up for意思为：报名参加。故填for。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：我也不得不选择课外活动。空处表示泛指，表示多种课外活动，用可数名词复数形式。故填activities。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：我想加入学校足球队，但教练说我踢得不够好。空前I tried to join the school football team与空后 the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough为转折关系，用连词but连接。故填but。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：显然，我很不开心。修饰后文句子应用副词，句首单词首字母大写。故填Obviously。 【42题详解】 考查冠词。句意：我会自己想办法提高，这样我明年就能进入球队了。固定短语make the team意思为：入选球队。故填the。 【43题详解】 考查副词比较级。句意：我知道，作为一名高中生，我必须更加努力地学习，并习惯承担更多的责任。much后用比较级，空处修饰study，用副词比较级。故填harder。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：我有点担心我的高级课程不能跟上其他同学的进度，而且很难适应所有的作业。it be adj to do为固定句型，意思为：做某事是……的，空处用不定式作句子的真正主语，it为形式主语。故填to get。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：努力学习并不总是有趣的，但是不管将来会发生什么，我都会做好充分的准备。no matter what引导让步状语从句，结合I’ll be可知，空处用一般现在时表示将来。主语what else看作单数。故填comes。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 根据汉语和首字母提示，写出单词的正确形式，一空一词。 46. I know I’ll have to get used to being r_________ for a lot more. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】responsible##esponsible 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我知道我得习惯承担更多的责任。此处为形容词作表语，根据首字母“r”及语境，结合for a lot more可知，此处表示“有责任的”，对应的形容词是responsible，be responsible for...为固定搭配，意为“对……负责”，符合句意。故填responsible。 47. Before you read, look through the text to _________ (辨认) what type of text it is. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】recognize 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：在你阅读之前，浏览一下文本以辨认出它是哪种类型的文本。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填动词recognize“辨认”，空前有动词不定式符号to，所以动词用原形。故填recognize。 48. I didn’t feel a________ or frightened at all. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】awkward##wkward 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我一点也不觉得尴尬或害怕。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，awkward意为“尴尬的”，符合句意。故填awkward。 49. It’s amazing that there are more than 8,0000 _________.(雕塑) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】statues 【解析】 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：令人惊讶的是，这里有80多万尊雕像。根据“80000”可知，空处应为名词复数形式，作主语；statue表示“雕塑”，为可数名词，符合句意。故填statues。 50. An exchange student is talking to a teacher on c ________.（根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】campus##ampus 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：一名交换生正在校园里和老师交谈。根据句意及首字可知，on campus“在校园”符合句意，故填campus。 51. What learning ________________ (策略) do you and your partner share? (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】strategies##tactics 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：你和你的伴侣分享哪些学习策略？“策略”是strategy/tactic，是可数名词，此处表示不止一条策略，因此空格处用复数，故填strategies/tactics。 52. I think Martin is a________ to smoking. He just can’t seem to quit it. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】addicted##ddicted 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我认为马丁吸烟上瘾了，他似乎就是戒不掉。结合句意及首字母提示可知，空处考查be addicted to这一固定短语，意为“对…上瘾”，其中，形容词addicted作is的表语。故填addicted。 53. Cusco is a popular _________ (目的地) for tourists, because of its unique place in the history of South America. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】destination 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：库斯科是受游客欢迎的目的地，因为它在南美历史上的独特地位。此处为名词作表语，根据汉语提示“目的地”，对应的名词是destination，由空前的不定冠词“a”可知，此处应用单数形式，符合句意。故填destination。 54. Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big challenge, so I need to make a workable s___________ . （根据首字母单词拼写） 【答案】schedule##chedule 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：寻找时间进行学习和课外活动是一个很大的挑战，所以我需要制定一个可行的时间表。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处使用名词schedule“时间表”，结合空前的冠词a可知，应用名词单数形式，作make的宾语。故填schedule。 55. I miss my friends from junior high school, but I believe I will make new friends here, and there’s a lot to e________ at senior high.(根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】explore##xplore 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：我想念初中时的朋友，但我相信我会在这里交到新朋友，高中时有很多东西可以探索。根据句中I will make new friends here和at senior high可知，此处表示在高中有很多可以探索，可以交到新朋友，结合首字母e提示，应填动词explore，不定式符号to后接动词原形形式。故填explore。 第二节（满分25分） 56. 人工智能与5G时代已悄然来临，科技逐渐融入人类生活。随处可见的人工智能，让生活越来越便利的同时也带来许多的问题。假设你是校英文报社“科技前沿”专栏的学生编辑，近期收到读者来信，读者阅读了关于智能自动驾驶事故后反映对“人工智能是否应该拥有法律人格”这一话题存在困惑。请你以“Legal Status（法律地位）of AI: A Delicate Balance”为题，撰写一篇专栏短评，回应读者疑问。 （自动驾驶事故报道） 　　　　　　　　　　　　Self-Driving Car Crash Raises Safety Fears 　　A self-driving car crashed into (撞上) a parked truck in Green Town yesterday. No one was hurt, but the incident has worried locals. Witnesses (目击者) said the car failed to stop at a crossroads. “It just kept moving when the light turned red,” a passer-by noted. The car company said it was checking the vehicle's sensors and algorithms (算法). Police are investigating if the accident was caused by tech errors or human oversight (疏忽). Many people now question if self-driving cars are ready for busy streets. This crash reminds us that new tech needs strict safety checks. （读者疑问） 　　　　　　　　读者疑问 　　Legal Status of AI: A Delicate Balance 　　　　 　　　　　争议核心的法律地位 　　　　　应用的具体场景实例 　　　　　　　　…… 内容包括：1. 简述争议核心（如 AI 侵权责任归属、权利边界划分）； 2. 结合具体场景（如自动驾驶事故、AI 创作版权）分析矛盾； 3. 提出你的折中观点（不偏激，体现辩证思维）。 注意：1.字数150词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 不得出现真实的人名、校名等信息； ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Legal Status of AI: A Delicate Balance The recent self-driving car incident in Green Town highlights a growing debate: should AI have legal personhood? The core issue lies in accountability — when an AI causes harm, who is responsible? The programmer, the company, or the AI itself? Consider autonomous vehicles: if a crash occurs due to faulty algorithms, blaming the car makes no sense. Yet, current laws struggle to assign responsibility clearly. Similarly, in AI-generated art, who owns the copyright — the user, the developer, or the AI? While granting AI legal status may seem futuristic, it risks absolving humans of responsibility. However, completely denying AI’s role ignores its increasing autonomy. A balanced approach is needed: treat AI as a tool with human oversight. Developers and operators must remain legally accountable, while regulations evolve to address AI’s unique capabilities. In short, AI should not have full legal rights — but the humans behind it must be held responsible. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以校英文报社“科技前沿”专栏学生编辑的身份，以“Legal Status of AI: A Delicate Balance”为题撰写短评，回应读者关于“人工智能是否应该拥有法律人格”的疑问，内容包括简述争议核心、结合具体场景分析矛盾及提出折中观点。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 争议：debate→controversy 责任：accountability→responsibility 有缺陷的：faulty→defective 总之：in short→to sum up 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The recent self-driving car incident in Green Town highlights a growing debate: should AI have legal personhood? 拓展句：The recent self-driving car incident in Green Town highlights a growing debate, which is whether AI should have legal personhood. 【点睛】【高分句型1】If a crash occurs due to faulty algorithms, blaming the car makes no sense.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句以及动名词短语作主语） 【高分句型2】While granting AI legal status may seem futuristic, it risks absolving humans of responsibility.（运用了while引导的让步状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★启用前 　　　　 2025年高中学科综合素质调研检测试题（二） 英　语　（2025年编制） 满分150分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用0.5mm黑色签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力　(共两节，满分30分) 该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。 第一节　(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Visit a famous place. 　　　　B. Drink some wine. 　　　 C. Try some food. 2. What is the man going to do? A. Find a private room. 　　　　　 B. Leave the building. 　　　 C. Go to a train station. 3. When will dinner be served? A. At 5 : 30 pm. B. At 6: 00 pm. C. At 8:00 pm. 4. How does the man feel? A. Crazy. B. Surprised. C. Tired. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Animals. B. Forests. C. Habits. 第二节　(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman probably doing? A. Working on her farm.　　　　B. Offering the man a job.　　　C. Asking the man to sell her his land. 7. When did the man start to work on the farm? A. At the age of 18. B. At the age of 20. C. At the age of 28. 听第 7 段材料， 回答第 8 至 10 题。 8. How many voice massages have the woman left? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 9. What problem does the woman have? A. She is a little deaf. B. She fails to contact someone. C. She sends the wrong message. 10. What will the woman do next? A. Clean her house. B. Visit her grandpa. C. Pack the books. 听第 8 段材料, 回答第 11 至 13 题。 11. What's the woman's feeling of the interview? A. Confident. B. Calm. C. Upset. 12. What problem does the woman think she had? A. She answered incorrectly. B She spoke too much. C. She spent too much time preparing. 13. What's the woman's plan for tonight? A. Going to bed early. B. Having another interview. C. Seeing a show with her friend. 听第 9 段材料, 回答第 14 至 17 题。 14. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. The coming meeting. B. The change of the weather. C. The man's schedule. 15. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Headmaster and secretary. B. Husband and wife. C. Doctor and patient. 16. What will the man do at 3 : 00 p. m. today? A. Meet John Carroll. B. Talk to science teachers. C. Pick up his suit. 17. What does the, man prefer to drink? A. Tea. B. Water. C. Coffee. 听第 10 段材料, 回答第 18 至 20 题。 18. What happened when the speaker was 10 years old? A. He lost his parents. B. His toys were stolen. 　 C. His father's business failed. 19. What is the speaker's job probably? A. An actor. B. An educator. C. A businessman. 20. Who is the speaker's organization for? A. Less lucky parents. B. Poor children. C. Sick children. 第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Nowadays, the streaming music field is filled with seemingly similar services and interchangeable functions. However, a deeper dive shows that many of the highest-rated streaming music apps include a wide range of features. We’ve tested the notable names to help you narrow down your choices. Why We Picked It LiveOne features a deep well of quality listening material, which includes informative DJs, numerous podcasts (播客) radio theatres, and concert streams. Who It’s For Rock music fans will dig LiveOne, which focuses on the live music experience. If your favorite band is coming to town, you can purchase tickets to see a show in person or enjoy the show via live stream on your mobile phone. Why We Picked It By joining live radio, in-studio artist interviews, and traditional streaming audio together, SiriusXM owns its secret to success. An extremely generous three-month tryout lets you explore the service’s offerings before paying cash. Who It’s For SiriusXM is the perfect service for radio lovers who want to pursue life style and new shows. There’s a comforting nostalgia (怀旧) that comes from surfing channels on the radio, and SiriusXM brings that old-school memories to your vehicle or mobile device. Why We Picked It The music streaming industry is a particularly competitive field, so Deezer, which entered the scene in 2016, has its competitiveness. Still, Deezer is a well-rounded package that offers music, live radio show, and podcasts, as well as a few interesting parts to make the service worth your while. Who It’s For One of Deezer’s most interesting features is its ability to import MP3 files. If you have your favorite music files saved on a computer, you can upload them to your account via Deezer’s website. Why We Picked It There’s no shortage of streaming music services that highlight trending music. When it comes to classical music, however, many services fall short. Idagio offers a large record of high-quality classical music, as well as live-streamed concerts and interviews. Who It’s For There are plenty of music streaming services with classical tunes, but Idagio has the type-specific tools you need to find the music you want. 1. If you want to experience live-streamed classical music, you can download ______. A. LiveOne B. SiriusXM C. Deezer D. Idagio 2. What makes SiriusXM different from others? A. It provides live radio show. B. It offers short-term free use. C. It is popular with old schools. D. It can be used on mobile phones. 3. The passage is intended to ______. A. introduce the music on music apps B. share the features of different music apps C. rate services on the four popular music apps D. give instructions on the download of music apps B Even at 80, Mei Jingtian still patrols (巡逻) the Shixiaguan part of the Great Wall. With over 40 years of experience, he taps the overgrown ground with a wooden stick, warning wild animals for safety. He lives in Shixia village near the 8.6-kilometer part. Shixia villagers have a deep love for the wall. Mei remembers when he ran and played hide-and-seek with his friends on the large building as a child. However in 1979, when he returned to Shixia after working outside for years, he was shocked by the terrible situation of the old wall. “Some villagers even took stones from it to build their houses,” Mei says. To protect the wonder, Mei volunteered as a guardian, patrolling 20 kilometers daily, preventing people from taking stones, writing on the wall or dropping litter. In 1984, a Great Wall protection program started, with Mei’s effort encouraging many, and it was quickly picked up by villagers in Shixia. Realizing the importance of protection, more and more of them returned the stones they had taken and joined Mei on patrol. In 2006, as village head, Mei set up a volunteer protection organisation, and about 80 of 100 villagers joined as guardians. His niece, Liu Hongyan, encouraged by him, also became a guardian in 2019. “When I was a child, my uncle always told me his patrol stories and talked about the history of the Great Wall,” Liu says. “It is my duty and responsibility to protect the Great Wall.” Mei’s hard work has made a difference. From 2015 to 2023, 289 protection projects were allowed and thousands of guardians joined. Even though there is progress, the Shixiaguan part still remains closed to the public. “My biggest wish,” Mei says, “is to see the Great Wall well-protected and open for all to visit, encouraging more people to join us in protecting it.” 4. What made Mei Jingtian decide to protect the Great Wall? A. The dream of being a hero. B. The influence of his friends. C. Poor condition of the Great Wall. D. Encouragement from the villagers. 5. What do the underlined words “picked up” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Recognised. B. Finished. C. Managed. D. Developed. 6. Which of the following best describes Mei Jingtian? A. Careful and confident. B. Kind-hearted and humorous. C. Creative and curious. D. Responsible and strong-willed. 7. What does the text mainly talk about? A. A lifelong guardian of the Great Wall. B. Villagers’ deep love for the Great Wall. C. The progress in protecting the Great Wall. D. A practical Great Wall protection program. C The Brain’s Stress Loop: Unlocking Depression’s Code For decades, scientists puzzled over a paradox: norepinephrine (NE，去甲肾上腺素) a brain chemical linked to alertness, seemed to both worsen and relieve depression (抑郁症). A 2025 study in Cell by China’s Liangzhu Laboratory finally offered clues mapping how stress hijacks brain networks to trigger (引发) despair. Led by Dr. Hu Hailan, the team tracked nerve activity in mice exposed to long-term stress —daily mild shocks — for three weeks. They discovered a “harmful cycle” involving three key parts: nerve cells in the lateral habenula (a brain region tied to negative emotions), cells that release norepinephrine in the locus coeruleus (蓝斑核，大脑内一个与神经调节相关的区域), and star-shaped support cells called astrocytes (星形辅助细胞) in the lateral habenula. Here’s how the loop works: Stress first overexcites (过度刺激) lateral habenula nerve cells, which tell the locus coeruleus to release NE. But instead of calming the stress response, this NE is “poured out” in irregular bursts, because overactive astrocytes disturb its normal, steady flow. The unsteady (不规则的) NE then reactivates the lateral habenula nerve cells, increasing stress signals and trapping the brain in a spiral of negativity. Crucially, the study found NE’s role depends not on total amount but release rhythm. Mice with steady NE levels (even high ones) resisted depression, while those with erratic bursts showed helplessness — a classic depression symptom (症状) — within days. When researchers used drugs to stabilize (稳定) NE release, the stressed mice recovered their will to explore and avoid shocks. Dr. Hu notes, “We’ve been targeting (以……为目标) NE levels for decades, but the real culprit is its erratic dance with brain cells.” This shifts focus: future treatments might aim to “conduct” NE’s rhythm rather than just adjust its quantity. 8. What made the 2025 study different from earlier research on NE and depression? A. It studied mice instead of humans. B. It focused on NE release patterns, not just total levels. C. It proved NE always worsens depression. D. It ignored the role of astrocytes. 9. How do astrocytes contribute to the stress cycle? A. They produce too much NE during stress. B. They stop lateral habenula neurons from overfiring. C. They disrupt the steady flow of NE, causing bursts. D. They protect the brain from chronic stress. 10. Why did mice with steady NE levels resist depression? A. Their total NE amounts were very low. B. Their locus coeruleus cells were inactive. C. Their NE release followed a regular pattern. D. They never experienced mild shocks. 11. What might future depression treatments target based on the study? A. Removing all NE from the brain. B. Stopping stress signals from reaching the brain. C. Stabilizing the rhythm of NE release. D. Destroying lateral habenula neurons. D Metropolitan expansion, often hailed as a sign of progress, harbors a meteorological anomaly (异常现象) known as the urban heat island (UHI) effect — wherein cities register temperatures 2–8°C higher than adjacent rural areas. A 2023 study spanning 50 global megacities (特大城市) revealed that this disparity intensifies (加剧) nocturnally, with urban nighttime temperatures averaging 5.2°C warmer, a phenomenon researchers attribute to the thermal inertia of impermeable (不能渗透的) surfaces like asphalt and concrete. The mechanisms driving UHIs are multifaceted yet interconnected. Solar radiation absorption by dark-colored infrastructure exceeds that of vegetated landscapes by 30–40%, a difference compounded by anthropogenic (人为的) heat sources: air conditioning units, industrial processes, and vehicular emissions collectively contribute 15–20% of urban heat gain. What complicates mitigation is the albedo (反照率) paradox — while light-colored “cool roofs” reflect 60% more sunlight than traditional dark roofs, their widespread adoption might inadvertently reduce snowmelt in nearby regions by altering atmospheric radiation patterns, a 2022 climate model suggests. Ecological ramifications extend beyond temperature. Urban heat stress disrupts phenological cycles: in Tokyo, cherry blossoms now bloom 7–10 days earlier than in the 1980s, mismatching pollinator (传粉者) activity. Aquatic systems suffer too; warm urban runoff (径流) raises stream temperatures by 3–6°C, reducing dissolved (溶解的) oxygen levels — a critical factor for 72% of freshwater fish species studied in the Thames River basin. Human health bears the brunt as well. Heat-related hospitalizations in U.S. cities surge (激增) by 2.3% for each 1°C temperature rise above 32°C, with elderly populations at 4.1 times greater risk. Paradoxically (矛盾地) , increased air conditioning use to counteract (抵消) heat elevates energy consumption by 10–15%, creating a feedback loop (循环) where carbon emissions intensifies global warming, further intensifying UHIs. Proposed solutions reveal unexpected trade-offs. Urban reforestation, while reducing ambient temperatures by 2–3°C through evapotranspiration , can increase pollen (花粉) counts by 25–30%, worsening respiratory conditions. Green infrastructure like rain gardens mitigates (缓解) runoff but may harbor mosquito larvae in stagnant water, potentially elevating vector-borne disease risks in tropical cities. As climatologist Dr. Amir Patel notes, “Addressing UHIs demands not silver bullets but adaptive mosaic (mosaic) strategies — interventions that balance local cooling with broader ecological stability.” The challenge lies in recognizing that each urban microclimate responds uniquely to interventions, defying one-size-fits-all approaches. 12. Why is the urban-rural temperature difference greater at night? A. City infrastructure holds heat longer than natural areas B. Cities absorb more sunlight during the day C. More heat is produced by devices at night D. There is less cloud cover over cities at night 13. What complicates the potential benefits of cool roofs according to the albedo paradox? A. Their reflective properties might have unintended effects on nearby environmental processes B. They require more frequent maintenance than traditional roofs increasing costs C. They fail to reduce temperatures as effectively in urban centers as in suburbs D. Their light color makes them more prone to damage from extreme weather 14. The feedback loop created by increased air conditioning use arises because of which chain of events? A. Lower indoor temperatures lead to less outdoor activity, reducing urban cooling B. Higher energy demand from AC units results in factors that worsen the heat island effect C Uneven cooling in buildings causes air pressure differences that trap heat D. Overuse of AC systems leads to mechanical failures that release excess heat 15. Why do experts caution against universal approaches to mitigating urban heat islands? A. Rural communities often resist measures that might alter regional temperature patterns B. The success of any strategy depends on unique interactions within each city’s environment C. Most proposed solutions have been proven ineffective in long-term studies D. Funding for large-scale projects is unavailable in most urban areas 第二节 阅读七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I have a terrible sense of direction, so without the guide of GPS — the Global Positioning System — not only would I be lost, but also I’d feel lost. ___16___. If you want to get confidence on the road or be less dependent on GPS to get around, here are some steps you can take to improve your sense of direction. Turn off your GPS and get lost on purpose. Next time you go for a walk, go down a road you’ve not walked and see where it ends up or take the beautiful road to your favorite restaurant or coffee shop. ___17___ . The goal is to get comfortable with getting lost and moving through the world without a map. Use landmarks to guide yourself. Not sure if you’re north, south, east or west from home? ___18___. The perfect landmark is large and far away, like a big sign, a highway, or a bridge which can serve as a better mark of direction. Use memory tricks (技巧) to remember where you are. People with a good sense of direction know their streets. If you have no sense of direction, you can try some expert methods. Keep street names and roads in mind by using stories and tricks to lock things in. ___19___. These methods may not turn you into an expert guide able to find your way out of being lost. ___20___. And you can use them to gain a better sense of ownership over your environment. A. Driving with GPS brings trouble sometimes. B. Pick landmarks in town to help guide yourself. C. But they can reduce any anxiety about getting lost. D. It gives you an idea of how the streets are connected. E. Then see if you can make it back home without a GPS. F. This is especially helpful when street names are hard to know. G. However, dependence on GPS can lead to a narrower view of your environment. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Mr. Brown had to go to his camp in the midst of the mountains in California. His men were ___21___ the big trees, and putting them together in ___22___ for the floods (洪水）of the river, when the snows melted (融化). Then they would slide (使滑行) them down the mountain sides to the little villages. There was a great deal of snow on the mountains, and Mr. Brown knew it would be ___23___ work climbing to the camp, but Lady Gray was ___24___. Lady Gray was Mr. Brown’s pet horse, and she was always happy when her ___25___ was in the saddle (马鞍). But today the snow was very ___26___ and soon Mr. Brown had to get off, throw away the saddle, and ___27___ her. Late in the afternoon they reached the camp ___28___, and it was several days before they were able to ___29___. The snow was still deep and Mr. Brown knew he must go back on snow-shoes, but he was afraid Lady Gray would have to be left behind. Finally one of the men suggested ___30___her some snow-shoes. They cut four round pieces of board, 30 cm across, and fastened (系牢） them on with ___31___. Lady Gray seemed to ___32___ what they were for and tried very hard to walk in them. She was very___33___at first and could hardly stand up, but by ___34___ a little every day she was soon able to manage ___35___.Mr.Brown and Lady Gray both returned on snow- shoes. Everyone did laugh when they saw them. But they never could have done it if they had not tried. 21. A. picking up B. coming along C. cutting down D. taking away 22. A. preparing B. fighting C. searching D. answering 23. A. busy B. simple C. important D. hard 24. A. handsome B. shy C. strong D. funny 25. A. master B. designer C. follower D. inventor 26. A. light B. deep C. soft D. icy 27. A. lead B. feed C. warm D. wash 28. A. confused B. tired C. frightened D. annoyed 29. A. escape B. separate C. arrive D. return 30. A. buying B. making C. bringing D. handing 31. A. rope B. brush C. fire D. glue 32. A. fight B. admire C. doubt D. understand 33. A. surprised B. awkward C. stupid D. crazy 34. A. moving B. climbing C. comparing D. practicing 35. A. angrily B. politely C. nicely D. painfully 第二节 阅读填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 I’m a freshman at senior high school. ___36___ (go) from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge. The first week was a little ___37___ (confuse). First, I had to think very carefully about what courses I wanted to take. The school adviser recommended that I should sign up ___38___ advanced literature because I like English and I’m good at it. I had to choose extra-curricular ___39___ (activity), too. I tried to join the school football team, ___40___ the coach told me that I didn’t play well enough. ___41___ (obvious), I was unhappy. However, I won’t quit. I’ll find a way to improve on my own so that I can make ___42___ team next year. I know I’ll have to study much ___43___ (hard) as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for a lot more. I’m a bit worried about keeping up with the other students in my advanced course, and it’ll be quite difficult ___44___ (get) used to all the homework. Still, I’m happy to be here. Studying hard isn’t always fun, but no matter what else ____45____ (come) in the future, I’ll be well prepared. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 根据汉语和首字母提示，写出单词的正确形式，一空一词。 46. I know I’ll have to get used to being r_________ for a lot more. (根据首字母单词拼写) 47. Before you read, look through the text to _________ (辨认) what type of text it is. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 48. I didn’t feel a________ or frightened at all. (根据首字母单词拼写) 49. It’s amazing that there are more than 8,0000 _________.(雕塑) (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 50. An exchange student is talking to a teacher on c ________.（根据首字母单词拼写） 51. What learning ________________ (策略) do you and your partner share? (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 52. I think Martin is a________ to smoking. He just can’t seem to quit it. (根据首字母单词拼写) 53. Cusco is a popular _________ (目地) for tourists, because of its unique place in the history of South America. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 54. Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big challenge, so I need to make a workable s___________ . （根据首字母单词拼写） 55. I miss my friends from junior high school, but I believe I will make new friends here, and there’s a lot to e________ at senior high.(根据首字母单词拼写) 第二节（满分25分） 56. 人工智能与5G时代已悄然来临，科技逐渐融入人类生活。随处可见的人工智能，让生活越来越便利的同时也带来许多的问题。假设你是校英文报社“科技前沿”专栏的学生编辑，近期收到读者来信，读者阅读了关于智能自动驾驶事故后反映对“人工智能是否应该拥有法律人格”这一话题存在困惑。请你以“Legal Status（法律地位）of AI: A Delicate Balance”为题，撰写一篇专栏短评，回应读者疑问。 （自动驾驶事故报道） 　　　　　　　　　　　　Self-Driving Car Crash Raises Safety Fears 　　A self-driving car crashed into (撞上) a parked truck in Green Town yesterday. No one was hurt, but the incident has worried locals. Witnesses (目击者) said the car failed to stop at a crossroads. “It just kept moving when the light turned red,” a passer-by noted. The car company said it was checking the vehicle's sensors and algorithms (算法). Police are investigating if the accident was caused by tech errors or human oversight (疏忽). Many people now question if self-driving cars are ready for busy streets. This crash reminds us that new tech needs strict safety checks. （读者疑问） 　　　　　　　　读者疑问 　　Legal Status of AI: A Delicate Balance 　　　　 　　　　　争议核心的法律地位 　　　　　应用的具体场景实例 　　　　　　　　…… 内容包括：1. 简述争议核心（如 AI 侵权责任归属、权利边界划分）； 2. 结合具体场景（如自动驾驶事故、AI 创作版权）分析矛盾； 3. 提出你的折中观点（不偏激，体现辩证思维）。 注意：1.字数150词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 不得出现真实的人名、校名等信息； ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$