Unit 2 课时5 Grammar（分层作业）英语北师大版2024八年级上册

Unit 2 Safety! 课时5 Grammar 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 情态动词知识点 情态动词没有人称和数的变化 (have to 除外)； 1. 情态动词的特点： 情态动词后跟动词原形，一起做句子谓语，不可单独做谓语。 情态动词的否定形式通常是在其后直接加 not， 变一般疑问句时，直接将情态动词置于句首 2. must 用法 内容 具体说明 例句 语义 用于表达义务和必要性，体现说话者认为某事必要的主观判断 You must stop at red traffic lights.红灯停是说话者认为的义务 I must drink more water.说话者主观觉得自己需要多喝水 否定形式及语义 mustn’t，表达禁止，做了会违反规定、产生不良后果 You mustn’t park here.停车行为违反规定，被禁止 。 语法特点 情态动词，无时态（如过去式、将来式变化 ）和第三人称单数变化，其后接动词原形 The school must find ways to keep students safe.must 后接 find 原形 ) ( 3， have to 用法 内容 具体说明 例句 语义功能 表达 “不得不”，侧重因外界要求（如规则、客观情况等 ）产生的必要性，非说话者主观意愿 John broke his arm, so he has to go to the hospital.因胳膊骨折的客观情况，不得不去医院 。 She has to wear a uniform at school.学校规则要求，并非她主观想穿校服 。 否定形式及语义 don’t/doesn’t/didn’t have to ，表达没有必要做某事；也可用 needn’t 替换（语义相近 ） You don’t have to/needn’t bring a camera. I have one.客观上没必要带相机 。 语法特点 可视为半情态动词，在不同时态、不同人称情况下有形式变化 ； 第三人称单数用 has to，过去式用 had to ， 其后接动词原形 Everyone has to wear a school uniform.has to 体现第三人称单数形式，后接 wear 原形 。 4. Should/shouldn’t 用法表格 内容 具体说明 例句 肯定形式should 表达相对较弱的义务，或用于提出建议 You should be kind to your little brother.较弱义务，强调该做但并非强制 。 You should eat more fruit and vegetables.提出建议，倡导这样做 。 否定形式shouldn’t 表达较弱的禁止，即不建议、不应当做 You shouldn’t eat too much chocolate.不建议吃太多巧克力，并非绝对禁止 。 语法 特点 无论主语是何种人称、时态语境，形式不变，后接原形动词 I/You/He/She/It/We/They should/shouldn’t go.主语不同，should/shouldn’t 形式恒定，go 为原形 。 不定代词知识点 1.【定义】 不定代词指代非特定的人或事物。 2. 【 不定代词列表 】 some any no every 人 someone somebody anyone anybody no one nobody everyone everybody 事物 something anything nothing everything ) ( 3.【用法】 1. some、someone、somebody、something 等常用于肯定句中，有时也用于疑问句中，希望得到肯定答复。 2. any、anyone、anybody、anything 等常用于否定句和疑问句中。 3. any、anyone、anybody、anything 等用于肯定句时，常表达 “无论…… 都无所谓” 的意思。 4. no、no one、nobody、nothing 等用于表达否定含义。 5. every、everyone、everybody、everything 可以用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。当其做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 6. 修饰不定代词的形容词通常放于不定代词之后。 ) 一、英汉互译 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 必须 2. 禁止 3. 不得不 4. 不必要 5. 应该 6. 不应该 7. something 8. anything 9. everything 10. nothing 11. someone 12. anyone 13. no one 14. everyone 15. somebody 16. nobody 17. anybody 18. everybody 【答案】1.must 2.mustn’t 3.have to 4. don’t have to 5.should 6. shouldn't 7.某事；某物 8.任何事；任何物9. 一切；所有事物 10.没有什么；无关紧要的事 11.某人 12. 任何人 13. 没有人 14. 每个人；所有人 15.某人 16.没有人 17.任何人 18.每个人；所有人 二、根据要求完成句子 1．Don’t play football in the street. (改为同义句) We play football in the street. 2．We must follow the rules in school. (改为否定句) We the rules in school. 3．We should buy eco-friendly products.（改为否定句） We buy eco-friendly products. 4．We should learn how to use these tools effectively.（改为一般疑问句） we learn how to use these tools effectively? 5．—Should I get an X-ray? (作否定回答) —No, . 6．她不得不穿校服。 She wear the school uniform. 7．你不必给他喂太多食物。 You feed him too much food. 8．She is new here, so we don’t know anything about her. (改为同义句) She is new here, so we about her. 9．我爱我的家人，他们是我的全部。 I love my family, and they are to me. 10．Do we need ？ 我们需要一些其他的东西吗？ 11．对每个人有礼貌是很重要的。 It’s important to be polite to . 12．There is someone in the room. (改为一般疑问句) there in the room? 13．有人在敲门。 is knocking at the door. 14．我们全班没有一个人迟到。 the students in my class was late. 15．You can ask other people. (改为同义句) You can ask . 【答案】1．mustn’t 2． mustn’t follow 3． should not 4．Should 5．you shouldn’t 6． has to 7．don’t have to 8．know nothing 9．everything 10．anything else 11．everyone 12． Is anyone 13．Someone 14． None of 15． somebody/someone else 三、根据首字母提示填空。 1．DeepSeek almost knows e in our lives and is always ready to answer our questions. 2．Walking is good for health and it costs n . 3．E goes out to play, so nobody is in the classroom. 4．My aunt had n to do, so she felt very bored. 5．S to join us tomorrow! 6．All the students are playing outside, so you can’t see a in the classroom. 7．—The light in Tom’s room is still on at 12 o’clock. —He m study for tomorrow’s exam. He always works hard. 8．You m smoke on buses. It’s forbidden. 9．You can go, but you s say goodbye to Mum. 10．I can’t find my way home. What s I do? 11．She h to go to school. 12．It’s raining outside now, we h to stay at home. 【答案】1．(e)verything 2．(n)othing 3．(E)verybody/(E)veryone 4．(n)othing 5．(S)omeone 6．(a)nyone 7．(m)ust 8．(m)ustn’t 9．(s)hould 10．Should 11．has 12．(h)ave 四、连词成句。 1．mobile, to, phones, bring, class, we, mustn’t(.) . 2．mustn’t， you ， eat，much ，too ，sugar (.) . 3．their future; learn; teenagers; by themselves; to plan; should (.) . 4．drink, day, should, water, every, we, some(.) . 5．clean, every day, the classroom, they, have to (.) . 6．you, anything, see, special, did, yesterday(？) ? 7．learn, your, useful, grandparents’, you, anything, farm, did, on (?) ？ 8．something; there’s; wrong; my laptop; with(.)   . 9．do their part, the room, in, everyone, keeping, clean and tidy, should(.) . 10．read, can, always, find, interesting, something, to, I(.) . 【答案】1．We mustn’t bring mobile phones to class 2．You mustn’t eat too much sugar. 3．Teenagers should learn to plan their future by themselves 4．We should drink some water every day 5．They have to clean the classroom every day 6．Did you see anything special yesterday 7．Did you learn anything useful on your grandparents’ farm? 8．There’s something wrong with my laptop 9．Everyone should do their part in keeping the room clean and tidy 10．I can always find something interesting to do 五、翻译 1．我不得使用手机。(mustn’t) . 2．我们必须遵守规则。 . 3．周一我有一场考试，所以我必须要为此做准备。 . 4．我们应该每天练习技能来提高自己。 . 5．我们应该尊敬老年人，关心年轻人。 . 6．我每天必须喂鱼。(have to) . 7．在那儿除了放松没有其他事可做。 . 8．当你感到累了时，你可以寻找有趣的事情去做。 . 9．他们太忙什么都没吃。 . 10．有什么我能帮忙做的事情吗？ (anything) . 【答案】1．I mustn’t use mobile phones. 2．We must follow the rules. 3．I have an exam on Monday so I must prepare for it. 4．We should practise our skills every day to improve ourselves. 5．We should respect the old and care for the young. 6．I have to feed the fish every day 7．There is nothing to do but relax there. 8．When you feel tired, you can look for something interesting to do.9．They are too busy to eat/have anything.10．Is there anything that I can do to help out? 六、阅读还原。 根据短文内容，从下面6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 Bike riding is a great way to get exercise and enjoy the outdoors. 1 Choose a right bike. 2 It is the most important thing you should remember. When you sit on the bike, your legs should be able to reach the pedals (踏板). If you’re still growing, avoid choosing bikes which are too low for your height. Wear a helmet. Wearing a bike helmet is a smart choice. In some areas, not wearing a helmet is against traffic rules. Every year, in the United States, many people are badly hurt in some bicycle accidents. 3 If they wear helmets, maybe they won’t lose their lives. It’s a terrible fact. It tells us the importance of wearing helmets. 4 You must remember and follow some rules when you are going to ride bikes on the roads. Here are some of the rules. Stop at all “stop” signs. 5 Don’t ride too close to parked (停放的) cars because their doors might open suddenly. A．Don’t ride your bike too fast. B．Don’t ride on busy streets. C．Some people even die in the accidents. D．You should choose a right bike for yourself. E．Follow some traffic rules about riding bikes. F．But you must know how to keep safe before you start to ride bikes. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．C 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文作者提出了骑自行车时的一些注意事项。 1．根据下文“Choose a right bike.”以及“Wear a helmet.”可知，此处应介绍安全骑行的建议。F选项“但是在你开始骑自行车之前，你必须知道如何保证安全。”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据“Choose a right bike.”可知，此处指需要选择一辆合适的自行车。D选项“你应该为自己选择一辆合适的自行车。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据上文“Every year, in the United States, many people are badly hurt in some bicycle accidents.”可知，此处应表达与自行车事故有关的内容。C选项“有些人甚至死于事故。”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据下文“You must remember and follow some rules when you are going to ride bikes on the roads.”可知，此处应介绍一些关于骑自行车的交通规则。E选项“遵守一些关于骑自行车的交通规则。”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据上文“You must remember and follow some rules when you are going to ride bikes on the roads.”可知，此处应表达与骑自行车的交通规则有关的内容。A选项“不要骑自行车太快。”符合语境。故选A。 七、阅读理解。 It is important for you to learn some knowledge about first aid (急救) in your everyday life. If a person has an accident, other people should try their best to help him immediately. When you give first aid, you must know several things. First, when a person stops breathing, open his mouth. Second, if a person can’t breathe, you can use a mouth-to-mouth way to help him. Third, if a person is hurt by a knife, you should stop the bleeding at once. You can clean it and put a piece of clean paper round the cut. If a person loses one third of the blood, he may die. Fourth, when a person is burned, wash and cool the area of the skin (皮肤) under the cold water for a while. Then put a piece of dry clean cloth over the burn. Many accidents may happen at home. All parents should know first aid to deal with common injuries (伤害). Besides, parents must put dangerous things in safe places where children can’t touch them. And parents must tell children the danger. Everybody should know some first aid to save life. Sometimes, life or death is just decided in a few seconds. 1．Which word is closest to the underlined word “immediately”? A．Slowly. B．Quickly. C．Clearly. D．Bravely. 2．How many things must you know when you give first aid? A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Two. 3．What should you do if you cut your finger? ① Clean the cut of the finger. ② Stop the bleeding at once. ③ Put a dry cloth on the finger. ④ Put the clean paper round the cut. ⑤ Wash and cool the area of the skin. A．①⑤③ B．②①④ C．②④⑤ D．②③④ 4．What can we learn from the text? A．It’s necessary for everyone to know first aid. B．If a person loses one third of his blood, he can’t die. C．When a person stops breathing, just wait for the doctors. D．Children should put the dangerous things in safe places. 5．Where is the text probably from? A．A novel. B．A diary. C．A story book. D．A magazine. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．D 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些急救知识，并告诉我们急救的重要性。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“It is important for you to learn some knowledge about first aid in your everyday life. If a person has an accident, other people should try their best to help him immediately.”可知，在日常生活中学习一些急救知识很重要，如果有人发生事故，其他人应立即尽最大努力帮助他。划线词“immediately”意为“立刻地”，与qucikly同义。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段“First...Second...Third...Fourth ...”可知，进行急救时，必须知道四件事情。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第一段“Third, if a person is hurt by a knife, you should stop the bleeding at once, you can clean it and put a piece of clean paper round the cut.”可知，如果他割破了手指，应该立即止血，清洗伤口，然后在伤口周围放一张干净的纸，正确的顺序为②①④。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据第三段“Everybody should know some first aid to save life.”可知，每个人都要知道怎样进行急救。故选A。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一些急救知识；由此推知本文来自杂志。故选D。 八、完形填空。 先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。 A 3-year-old boy was lost on the afternoon of Friday, March 29th, together with his two dogs. 1 , he was safe the next day. Xiaolin, lived with his grandparents in a village in Shanxi Province. On March 29th, he was playing happily outside his house with the 2 when his grandmother was inside the house. She would go out to check on the safety of the boy 3 . But when she went out at about 2 p.m., she couldn’t find her grandson 4 . The two dogs got lost 5 . In fear, the family started 6 him right away. After looking for three hours without result, the family called the local 7 . More than 100 villagers and policemen were looking for him. They did not have any idea about where Xiaolin was 8 the evening of Friday, when one of the family’s dogs came back home. The second dog 9 the next morning. This gave the searching team a new 10 . Following the dog’s footstep, a villager in the searching team found Xiaolin around noon on 11 on a nearby mountain. Seeing the boy, the family hugged him and cried with 12 . The boy was dirty and hungry, but was in good 13 . The place where Xiaolin was found was about 4 kilometers away from his grandparents’ house, and was very 14 to find. The family were very thankful. It was also 15 that one of the dogs stayed with the boy overnight. Dogs are really great guards (守卫) and they are our important family members. 1．A．Luckily B．Recently C．Exactly D．Suddenly 2．A．parents B．two dogs C．birds D．teachers 3．A．at last B．at the end C．on the phone D．from time to time 4．A．somewhere B．something C．anywhere D．anything 5．A．too B．well C．either D．ever 6．A．leaving for B．asking for C．waiting for D．looking for 7．A．doctors B．police C．airport D．school 8．A．when B．that C．until D．why 9．A．came back B．took back C．gave back D．flew back 10．A．dream B．idea C．job D．office 11．A．Friday B．Saturday C．Sunday D．Monday 12．A．happiness B．accident C．dislike D．confidence 13．A．guide B．habit C．health D．view 14．A．easy B．quick C．perfect D．difficult 15．A．surprising B．difficult C．beautiful D．interesting 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文讲述了一个3岁男孩小林在山西省一个村庄与祖父母居住时，于3月29日下午与他的两条狗一起走失，但幸运的是第二天安全找回的故事。 1．句意：幸运的是，他第二天安全了。 Luckily幸运地；Recently最近；Exactly确切地；Suddenly突然地。根据“A 3-year-old boy was lost on the afternoon of Friday, March 29th, together with his two dogs...he was safe the next day.”可知，男孩走失后第二天安全找回，因此是“幸运地”。故选A。 2．句意：3月29日，当他的祖母在屋里时，他正在屋外和他的两条狗开心地玩耍。 parents父母；two dogs两条狗；birds鸟；teachers老师。根据前文“together with his two dogs.”可知，男孩是和两条狗一起走失的。故选B。 3．句意：她会时不时地出去查看男孩的安全。 at last最后；at the end在……的结尾；on the phone在电话上；from time to time时不时地。根据“She would go out to check on the safety of the boy...”可知，是指祖母会时不时地出去查看男孩的安全。故选D。 4．句意：但是当她下午2点左右出去时，她到处都找不到她的孙子。 somewhere某处；something某事；anywhere任何地方；anything任何事。根据“But when she went out at about 2 p.m., she couldn’t find her grandson...”可知，祖母找不到孙子，anywhere用于否定句表示“任何地方都找不到”。故选C。 5．句意：两条狗也走失了。 too也，用于肯定句句末；well好；either也，用于否定句句末；ever曾经。根据“The two dogs got lost...”可知，两条狗也走失了，此句为肯定句，因此用too。故选A。 6．句意：出于恐惧，家人立刻开始寻找他。 leaving for前往；asking for要求；waiting for等待；looking for寻找。根据“In fear, the family started...him right away.”可知，家人因为害怕立刻开始寻找男孩。故选D。 7．句意：找了三个小时没有结果后，家人报了警。 doctors医生；police警察；airport机场；school学校。根据后文“More than 100 villagers and policemen were looking for him.”可知，家人找不到男孩后是报警了。故选B。 8．句意：直到星期五晚上，他们都不知道小林在哪里。 when何时；that那；until直到；why为什么。根据“They did not have any idea about where Xiaolin was...the evening of Friday”可知，此处表示“直到星期五晚上都不知道小林在哪里”。故选C。 9．句意：第二条狗第二天早上回来了。 came back回来；took back收回；gave back归还；flew back飞回来。根据“when one of the family’s dogs came back home. The second dog...the next morning.”可知，第一条狗回来了，第二条狗第二天早上也“回来”了。故选A。 10．句意：这给了搜救队一个新想法。 dream梦想；idea想法；job工作；office办公室。根据“Following the dog’s footstep”可知，这是搜救队新的“想法”。故选B。 11．句意：跟着狗的足迹，搜救队的一名村民在周六中午时分在附近的一座山上找到了小林。 Friday星期五；Saturday星期六；Sunday星期日；Monday星期一。根据前文“A 3-year-old boy was lost on the afternoon of Friday, March 29th”和“he was safe the next day”可知，男孩星期五下午走失，第二天即“星期六”被找到。故选B。 12．句意：看到男孩，家人拥抱他，高兴地哭了。 happiness高兴；accident事故；dislike不喜欢；confidence自信。根据“Seeing the boy, the family hugged him and cried with...”可知，家人看到男孩后非常“高兴”。故选A。 13．句意：男孩又脏又饿，但身体健康。 guide导游；habit习惯；health健康；view观点。根据“The boy was dirty and hungry, but was in good...”可知，男孩虽然又脏又饿，但是身体是“健康”的。故选C。 14．句意：小林被发现的地方离他祖父母家大约4公里，很难找到。 easy容易的；quick快的；perfect完美的；difficult困难的。根据“The place where Xiaolin was found was about 4 kilometers away from his grandparents’ house”可知，找到小林的地方离祖父母家很远，因此“很难”找到。故选D。 15．句意：令人惊讶的是，其中一条狗整晚都和男孩待在一起。 surprising令人惊讶的；difficult困难的；beautiful美丽的；interesting有趣的。根据“one of the dogs stayed with the boy overnight.”可知，狗整晚和男孩待在一起是“令人惊讶的”。故选A。 请阅读以下一篇短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Cycling has become one of the most popular activities in China. In cities like Hangzhou and Chengdu, people of all ages ride bikes for exercise, for fun, or even for work. Cycling become more and more popular after the 2023 Asian Games in Hangzhou. Li Yuan, a girl lives in Hangzhou, enjoys cycling around the Asian Games Park near her home. “After the Games, everyone seems more care about doing sports,” she says. She often meets riders during her trips. In Chengdu, the Tianfu Greenway (绿道) has become a famous place for riders. This path is about 100 kilometers long. However, there are more and more people ride on the path. Liao Hongying, a girl likes riding, chooses to ride there at night. “The greenway is busy in the daytime,” she says. Why is cycling so popular? Here are some key advantages. First, bikes produce no pollution, helping to keep the air clean. Second, it’s good for our health. Third, parking a bike is easy. What’s more, cycling is more than exercise-it’s a way to explore nature and stay with others. “We laugh, chat, and support each other,” Li Yuan says. “It feels like a big family!” As sports expert Mao Jiale says, “Cycling is a green, healthy way to bring people together.” 1．What do people ride bikes for? . 2．Where does Li Yuan ride her bike? . 3．How long is the Tianfu Greenway? . 4．Why does Liao Hongying ride bike at night? . 5．How many advantages are mentioned in the article? . 6．书面表达 请根据要求完成短文写作，并将短文写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 假设你的同学想骑自行车上学，但他对骑自行车的安全知识了解不多。请你以 “骑行安全小贴士” 为题，写一篇短文，向他介绍安全骑行的规则。 注意： 可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 (2) 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实姓名、地名和考生的真实姓名。 (3) 语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的标题、开头已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。                                                                         How to Keep Safe When Cycling Cycling is fun and good for health, but safety always comes first. . . . . . . . . 【答案】1．For exercise, fun, or work. 2．Around the Asian Games Park near her home. 3．About 100 kilometers long. 4．Because the greenway is busy in the daytime. 5．Four. 6．例文 How to Keep Safe When Cycling Cycling is fun and good for health, but safety always comes first. Here are some tips to keep you safe. First, always wear a helmet to protect your head in case of accidents. Second, obey traffic rules strictly, such as stopping at red lights and using hand signals when turning. Third, check your bike regularly to make sure it works well. Also, avoid riding too fast or listening to music while cycling, as it may cause dangers. Let’s follow these rules and enjoy safe cycling together! 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述自行车骑行在中国的流行情况、受欢迎的原因以及骑行带来的好处。 1．根据文章第一段“people of all ages ride bikes for exercise, for fun, or even for work”可知，人们骑自行车是为了锻炼、娱乐或工作。故填For exercise, fun, or work. 2．根据第二段“Li Yuan...enjoys cycling around the Asian Games Park near her home”可知，李媛骑自行车的地点是在她家附近的亚运会公园附近。故填Around the Asian Games Park near her home. 3．根据第二段“This path is about 100 kilometers long”可知，这条绿道长约100公里。故填About 100 kilometers long. 4．根据第二段廖红英说的话“he greenway is busy in the daytime.”可知，廖红英选择晚上骑行，因为绿道白天很繁忙。故填Because the greenway is busy in the daytime. 5．根据“First, bikes produce no pollution, helping to keep the air clean. Second, it’s good for our health. Third, parking a bike is easy. What’s more, cycling is more than exercise-it’s a way to explore nature and stay with others.”可知，共提到4个优势。故填Four. 6．[总体分析] ①题材：一篇材料作文； ②时态：以一般现在时为主； ③提示：需包含骑行安全重要性、至少3点具体建议和呼吁。 [写作步骤] 第一步：引入骑行安全的重要性； 第二步：列举三点具体安全建议； 第三步：发出安全骑行的呼吁。 [亮点词汇] ①traffic rules交通规则 ②such as例如 ③make sure确保，务必 [高分句型] ①Cycling is fun and good for health, but safety always comes first. (含有but的并列句） ②Let’s follow these rules and enjoy safe cycling together!（祈使句） 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Safety! 课时5 Grammar 分层作业 核心知识速记 03拓展培优 01基础达标 04思维进阶 02能力提升 ( 情态动词知识点 情态动词没有人称和数的变化 (have to 除外)； 1. 情态动词的特点： 情态动词后跟动词原形，一起做句子谓语，不可单独做谓语。 情态动词的否定形式通常是在其后直接加 not， 变一般疑问句时，直接将情态动词置于句首 2. must 用法 内容 具体说明 例句 语义 用于表达义务和必要性，体现说话者认为某事必要的主观判断 You must stop at red traffic lights.红灯停是说话者认为的义务 I must drink more water.说话者主观觉得自己需要多喝水 否定形式及语义 mustn’t，表达禁止，做了会违反规定、产生不良后果 You mustn’t park here.停车行为违反规定，被禁止 。 语法特点 情态动词，无时态（如过去式、将来式变化 ）和第三人称单数变化，其后接动词原形 The school must find ways to keep students safe.must 后接 find 原形 ) ( 3， have to 用法 内容 具体说明 例句 语义功能 表达 “不得不”，侧重因外界要求（如规则、客观情况等 ）产生的必要性，非说话者主观意愿 John broke his arm, so he has to go to the hospital.因胳膊骨折的客观情况，不得不去医院 。 She has to wear a uniform at school.学校规则要求，并非她主观想穿校服 。 否定形式及语义 don’t/doesn’t/didn’t have to ，表达没有必要做某事；也可用 needn’t 替换（语义相近 ） You don’t have to/needn’t bring a camera. I have one.客观上没必要带相机 。 语法特点 可视为半情态动词，在不同时态、不同人称情况下有形式变化 ； 第三人称单数用 has to，过去式用 had to ， 其后接动词原形 Everyone has to wear a school uniform.has to 体现第三人称单数形式，后接 wear 原形 。 4. Should/shouldn’t 用法表格 内容 具体说明 例句 肯定形式should 表达相对较弱的义务，或用于提出建议 You should be kind to your little brother.较弱义务，强调该做但并非强制 。 You should eat more fruit and vegetables.提出建议，倡导这样做 。 否定形式shouldn’t 表达较弱的禁止，即不建议、不应当做 You shouldn’t eat too much chocolate.不建议吃太多巧克力，并非绝对禁止 。 语法 特点 无论主语是何种人称、时态语境，形式不变，后接原形动词 I/You/He/She/It/We/They should/shouldn’t go.主语不同，should/shouldn’t 形式恒定，go 为原形 。 不定代词知识点 1.【定义】 不定代词指代非特定的人或事物。 2. 【 不定代词列表 】 some any no every 人 someone somebody anyone anybody no one nobody everyone everybody 事物 something anything nothing everything ) ( 3.【用法】 1. some、someone、somebody、something 等常用于肯定句中，有时也用于疑问句中，希望得到肯定答复。 2. any、anyone、anybody、anything 等常用于否定句和疑问句中。 3. any、anyone、anybody、anything 等用于肯定句时，常表达 “无论…… 都无所谓” 的意思。 4. no、no one、nobody、nothing 等用于表达否定含义。 5. every、everyone、everybody、everything 可以用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中。当其做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 6. 修饰不定代词的形容词通常放于不定代词之后。 ) 一、英汉互译 ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 必须 2. 禁止 3. 不得不 4. 不必要 5. 应该 6. 不应该 7. something 8. anything 9. everything 10. nothing 11. someone 12. anyone 13. no one 14. everyone 15. somebody 16. nobody 17. anybody 18. everybody 二、根据要求完成句子 1．Don’t play football in the street. (改为同义句) We play football in the street. 2．We must follow the rules in school. (改为否定句) We the rules in school. 3．We should buy eco-friendly products.（改为否定句） We buy eco-friendly products. 4．We should learn how to use these tools effectively.（改为一般疑问句） we learn how to use these tools effectively? 5．—Should I get an X-ray? (作否定回答) —No, . 6．她不得不穿校服。 She wear the school uniform. 7．你不必给他喂太多食物。 You feed him too much food. 8．She is new here, so we don’t know anything about her. (改为同义句) She is new here, so we about her. 9．我爱我的家人，他们是我的全部。 I love my family, and they are to me. 10．Do we need ？ 我们需要一些其他的东西吗？ 11．对每个人有礼貌是很重要的。 It’s important to be polite to . 12．There is someone in the room. (改为一般疑问句) there in the room? 13．有人在敲门。 is knocking at the door. 14．我们全班没有一个人迟到。 the students in my class was late. 15．You can ask other people. (改为同义句) You can ask . 三、根据首字母提示填空。 1．DeepSeek almost knows e in our lives and is always ready to answer our questions. 2．Walking is good for health and it costs n . 3．E goes out to play, so nobody is in the classroom. 4．My aunt had n to do, so she felt very bored. 5．S to join us tomorrow! 6．All the students are playing outside, so you can’t see a in the classroom. 7．—The light in Tom’s room is still on at 12 o’clock. —He m study for tomorrow’s exam. He always works hard. 8．You m smoke on buses. It’s forbidden. 9．You can go, but you s say goodbye to Mum. 10．I can’t find my way home. What s I do? 11．She h to go to school. 12．It’s raining outside now, we h to stay at home. 四、连词成句。 1．mobile, to, phones, bring, class, we, mustn’t(.) . 2．mustn’t， you ， eat，much ，too ，sugar (.) . 3．their future; learn; teenagers; by themselves; to plan; should (.) . 4．drink, day, should, water, every, we, some(.) . 5．clean, every day, the classroom, they, have to (.) . 6．you, anything, see, special, did, yesterday(？) ? 7．learn, your, useful, grandparents’, you, anything, farm, did, on (?) ？ 8．something; there’s; wrong; my laptop; with(.)   . 9．do their part, the room, in, everyone, keeping, clean and tidy, should(.) . 10．read, can, always, find, interesting, something, to, I(.) . 五、翻译 1．我不得使用手机。(mustn’t) . 2．我们必须遵守规则。 . 3．周一我有一场考试，所以我必须要为此做准备。 . 4．我们应该每天练习技能来提高自己。 . 5．我们应该尊敬老年人，关心年轻人。 . 6．我每天必须喂鱼。(have to) . 7．在那儿除了放松没有其他事可做。 . 8．当你感到累了时，你可以寻找有趣的事情去做。 . 9．他们太忙什么都没吃。 . 10．有什么我能帮忙做的事情吗？ (anything) . 六、阅读还原。 根据短文内容，从下面6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 Bike riding is a great way to get exercise and enjoy the outdoors. 1 Choose a right bike. 2 It is the most important thing you should remember. When you sit on the bike, your legs should be able to reach the pedals (踏板). If you’re still growing, avoid choosing bikes which are too low for your height. Wear a helmet. Wearing a bike helmet is a smart choice. In some areas, not wearing a helmet is against traffic rules. Every year, in the United States, many people are badly hurt in some bicycle accidents. 3 If they wear helmets, maybe they won’t lose their lives. It’s a terrible fact. It tells us the importance of wearing helmets. 4 You must remember and follow some rules when you are going to ride bikes on the roads. Here are some of the rules. Stop at all “stop” signs. 5 Don’t ride too close to parked (停放的) cars because their doors might open suddenly. A．Don’t ride your bike too fast. B．Don’t ride on busy streets. C．Some people even die in the accidents. D．You should choose a right bike for yourself. E．Follow some traffic rules about riding bikes. F．But you must know how to keep safe before you start to ride bikes. 七、阅读理解。 It is important for you to learn some knowledge about first aid (急救) in your everyday life. If a person has an accident, other people should try their best to help him immediately. When you give first aid, you must know several things. First, when a person stops breathing, open his mouth. Second, if a person can’t breathe, you can use a mouth-to-mouth way to help him. Third, if a person is hurt by a knife, you should stop the bleeding at once. You can clean it and put a piece of clean paper round the cut. If a person loses one third of the blood, he may die. Fourth, when a person is burned, wash and cool the area of the skin (皮肤) under the cold water for a while. Then put a piece of dry clean cloth over the burn. Many accidents may happen at home. All parents should know first aid to deal with common injuries (伤害). Besides, parents must put dangerous things in safe places where children can’t touch them. And parents must tell children the danger. Everybody should know some first aid to save life. Sometimes, life or death is just decided in a few seconds. 1．Which word is closest to the underlined word “immediately”? A．Slowly. B．Quickly. C．Clearly. D．Bravely. 2．How many things must you know when you give first aid? A．Five. B．Four. C．Three. D．Two. 3．What should you do if you cut your finger? ① Clean the cut of the finger. ② Stop the bleeding at once. ③ Put a dry cloth on the finger. ④ Put the clean paper round the cut. ⑤ Wash and cool the area of the skin. A．①⑤③ B．②①④ C．②④⑤ D．②③④ 4．What can we learn from the text? A．It’s necessary for everyone to know first aid. B．If a person loses one third of his blood, he can’t die. C．When a person stops breathing, just wait for the doctors. D．Children should put the dangerous things in safe places. 5．Where is the text probably from? A．A novel. B．A diary. C．A story book. D．A magazine. 八、完形填空。 A 3-year-old boy was lost on the afternoon of Friday, March 29th, together with his two dogs. 1 , he was safe the next day. Xiaolin, lived with his grandparents in a village in Shanxi Province. On March 29th, he was playing happily outside his house with the 2 when his grandmother was inside the house. She would go out to check on the safety of the boy 3 . But when she went out at about 2 p.m., she couldn’t find her grandson 4 . The two dogs got lost 5 . In fear, the family started 6 him right away. After looking for three hours without result, the family called the local 7 . More than 100 villagers and policemen were looking for him. They did not have any idea about where Xiaolin was 8 the evening of Friday, when one of the family’s dogs came back home. The second dog 9 the next morning. This gave the searching team a new 10 . Following the dog’s footstep, a villager in the searching team found Xiaolin around noon on 11 on a nearby mountain. Seeing the boy, the family hugged him and cried with 12 . The boy was dirty and hungry, but was in good 13 . The place where Xiaolin was found was about 4 kilometers away from his grandparents’ house, and was very 14 to find. The family were very thankful. It was also 15 that one of the dogs stayed with the boy overnight. Dogs are really great guards (守卫) and they are our important family members. 1．A．Luckily B．Recently C．Exactly D．Suddenly 2．A．parents B．two dogs C．birds D．teachers 3．A．at last B．at the end C．on the phone D．from time to time 4．A．somewhere B．something C．anywhere D．anything 5．A．too B．well C．either D．ever 6．A．leaving for B．asking for C．waiting for D．looking for 7．A．doctors B．police C．airport D．school 8．A．when B．that C．until D．why 9．A．came back B．took back C．gave back D．flew back 10．A．dream B．idea C．job D．office 11．A．Friday B．Saturday C．Sunday D．Monday 12．A．happiness B．accident C．dislike D．confidence 13．A．guide B．habit C．health D．view 14．A．easy B．quick C．perfect D．difficult 15．A．surprising B．difficult C．beautiful D．interesting 请阅读以下一篇短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Cycling has become one of the most popular activities in China. In cities like Hangzhou and Chengdu, people of all ages ride bikes for exercise, for fun, or even for work. Cycling become more and more popular after the 2023 Asian Games in Hangzhou. Li Yuan, a girl lives in Hangzhou, enjoys cycling around the Asian Games Park near her home. “After the Games, everyone seems more care about doing sports,” she says. She often meets riders during her trips. In Chengdu, the Tianfu Greenway (绿道) has become a famous place for riders. This path is about 100 kilometers long. However, there are more and more people ride on the path. Liao Hongying, a girl likes riding, chooses to ride there at night. “The greenway is busy in the daytime,” she says. Why is cycling so popular? Here are some key advantages. First, bikes produce no pollution, helping to keep the air clean. Second, it’s good for our health. Third, parking a bike is easy. What’s more, cycling is more than exercise-it’s a way to explore nature and stay with others. “We laugh, chat, and support each other,” Li Yuan says. “It feels like a big family!” As sports expert Mao Jiale says, “Cycling is a green, healthy way to bring people together.” 1．What do people ride bikes for? . 2．Where does Li Yuan ride her bike? . 3．How long is the Tianfu Greenway? . 4．Why does Liao Hongying ride bike at night? . 5．How many advantages are mentioned in the article? . 6．书面表达 请根据要求完成短文写作，并将短文写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。 假设你的同学想骑自行车上学，但他对骑自行车的安全知识了解不多。请你以 “骑行安全小贴士” 为题，写一篇短文，向他介绍安全骑行的规则。 注意： 可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息。 (2) 不能照抄原文；不得在作文中出现真实姓名、地名和考生的真实姓名。 (3) 语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的标题、开头已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。                                                                         How to Keep Safe When Cycling Cycling is fun and good for health, but safety always comes first. . . . . . . . . ( 1 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$