Unit 6 At one with nature（单元词汇专项）英语外研版2019必修第一册

Unit 6 At one with nature（单元词汇专项） 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 1 题型三、一词多用 2 题型四、单句语法填空 3 题型五、单词拼写 3 题型六、完成句子 4 综合攻坚·能力跃升 5 题型一、语篇语法填空 5 题型二、应用文写作 5 题型一、词性转换 1． n．完成，结束→ v．完成；结束 adj.完全的，彻底的 2． n．融洽相处，和谐→ adj.(关系)友好和睦的，和谐的；协调的 3． v．伤害，损害→ adj.有害的→ adj.无害的 4． n．农业→ adj.(与)农业(有关)的 5. 　v.把……放回原处；以……替换，更换；取代→ n. 替换；替换品；接替者 6. 　adj.狭窄的，不宽的；狭隘的；勉强的→　 adv.　勉强地；狭隘地 7. adj.有限的→ v．限制；限定 n．界限；限定；范围→ n．限制，局限→ adj.无限制的；无界限的；无限度的；无止境的 8． n．好处，益处→ adj.有益的，有利的 9． adj.令人愉快的→ n．愉快；快乐 10． n．力量，活力→ adj.精力充沛的 题型二、核心短语 1．___________________大量的 2．___________________不辞辛苦 3．___________________阻止某人做某事 4．___________________与……和谐相处 5．___________________把……变成 6．___________________为……提供…… 7．___________________传承 8．___________________是……的栖息地 9．___________________覆盖在……中 10．___________________冲走 11．___________________从底部到顶部 12．___________________与……一致 13．___________________对……有疑问 14．___________________认真思考 15．___________________对……有积极的影响 16．___________________导致 题型三、一词多用 design (1)“Talk and Talk” is designed students who are eager to acquire more knowledge about English. (2)I'm terribly sorry to say that I have hurt your feelings, but I didn't do it design. (3)Many columns of the English newspaper Youth （旨在丰富我们的校园生活) harmony (1)We gradually realize that the importance of honesty will contribute to building a warm and ______________ (harmony) society. (2) Human life is regarded as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is ．（与自然和谐相处） expert (1)Educational (expert) insist that schools should hold varieties of out­of­class activities for the benefit of students' physical and mental health. (2)You can have your computer repaired by John, who is expert repairing computers. (3)Mr.Smith is （法国历史方面的专家）so he （擅长回答） these questions. . 题型四、单句语法填空 1．The city (see) a series of fierce fights between blacks and whites in the 1960s and Dr. King was shot to death in 1968. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．Efficient packaging ensures that fragile goods are well protected, preventing them from (wrap) too tightly and potentially damaged. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．Only blindness could have (prevent) her from knowing that she was unusually attractive.（所给词的适当形式填空） 4．An Individualized Education Program is an important plan (design) to help students with disabilities who qualify for Special Education Services. （所给词的适当形式填空） 5．Not long ago he inherited (继承) ten thousand pounds from his grandpa,and now he is penniless, because he spent his money carelessly on many (value) things. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．A completed job application provides the employer two kinds of information about you.（用适当的词空填空） 7．Srikanth was prevented studying science because it was thought too “dangerous” for a blind student.（用适当的词填空） 8．According to the report, only 10% — 15% of the land in China is good for (agricultural).（用单词的适当形式完成句子） 9． (replace) ancient dialects with a standardized national language for ten years, the country strengthened its cultural unity. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．David was more than certain about getting his ideal job because the position which he applied was a perfect match for his skills. (用适当的词填空) 11．As is known to all, the local economy will ( beneficial) from the newly built railway. 12．David Crystal, one of the world’s leading language (expert), argues that the usage of full stops (句号) is being revised in a really fundamental way. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．Living in an apartment is fine, but it does have its (limit)—for example, you don't have your own garden.（用所给词的适当形式填空） 14．In the near future, it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be doubt. （用适当的词填空） 15．As a student, it takes me a quarter (go) to school by bike. What’s more, every day I nearly spend 16 hours (stay) in school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 题型五、单词拼写 1．I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s, when children from different races and religions played and studied together in (和谐). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 2．Everyone loves Adventureland! The parks and exhibitions were built for you to explore, enjoy and (欣赏) their wonders. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 3．Modern technology has greatly improved efficiency in (农业), leading to higher crop production and more sustainable farming practices. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 4．The Ming and Qing (朝代) saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones—Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 5．The first China International Consumer Products Expo held in Hainan province has attracted 1,365 brands from 69 countries and (地区). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 6．As British’s first female Prime Minister, Thatcher was famous for her tough style, and (因此) she was called the “Iron Lady”. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 7．As I enter my 40s,I’ve noticed many of my parents’ (一代人)think social networking is something they are simply unable to understand. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 8．The policy of “shuang jian”, or double reduction is to (阻止) the anxious parents and students from feeling burned out in “nei juan”, or involution. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 9． (坐落于) in the north of the North China Plain,  Beijing has four distinct seasons. It is hot and rainy in summer and cold and dry in winter. (根据汉语意思单词拼写) 10．She loved the (美) and fruitfulness of the autumn, when the whole countryside was covered with rich golden colours. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 11．Apple Inc. has donated 25 million yuan to a new children`s development fund in China,which is working to （缩小）the education gap between urban and rural areas. (根据汉语提示单词拼写） 12．John’s smart home (系统) allows him to control lighting, temperature and security cameras with just his voice or smartphone. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 13．Participating in community service greatly (受益) him and meanwhile enriched his life with new perspectives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 14．In Japan, newly married couples can receive up to 600,000 yen to cover their (租金) and other costs to start a new life from April 2020 on. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 15．Amazingly, the leaves and (枝条) of this tree never touch those of the other tree, although they grow close together. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 题型六、完成句子 1．这项新政策旨在阻止企业污染环境。（prevent） The new policy is designed to the environment. 2．他在抨击那部电影之前都懒得费神欣赏。（trouble） He did not the film before he attacked it. 3．这是一年中最重要的时刻，传统和习俗代代相传。 It’s the most important time of the year; traditions and customs . 4．令我印象最深的是那个男孩沉着勇敢地应对这场危机。（strike; what引导主语从句） the boy handled the crisis calmly and bravely. 5．这张优雅的桌子以及这些椅子，都是由一位著名艺术家设计的。 The elegant table, the chairs, by a famous artist. 6．海洋下依然蕴藏着大量资源尚待人类开发，而有些人认为开发这些资源可能会对生物多样性造成伤害。 (完全倒装；名词harm) large quantities of resources yet to be explored by humans, while some argue that the exploitation could . 7．这位新经理正在试图找到问题的解决办法。 The new manager was trying . 8．我们一向希望邻里之间和睦相处。 We always desire . 9．他的腿受伤了，因此他不能参与游戏。 He hurt his leg, and . 10．Summer with growing rice. 盛夏，佳禾吐绿，将群山染成一片青翠。 题型一、语篇语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve (SNNR), established in 2000, 1 (locate) in the heart of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is the highest and second 2 (large) nature reserve in China. Here, you can see dramatic landscapes, 3 change from mountains to grasslands, forests to rivers. Most importantly, as the source of the Changjiang River, the Yellow River, and the Lancang River, it is known as the “water tower of China”, 4 (provide) water for millions of people and supporting agriculture and industry. However, due to its fragile ecosystem, the region has long faced challenges. Large areas of wetland were damaged by human activity. This has had a negative impact 5 the unique plants and animals living there. 6 (drought) and floods caused by these changes affected the water supply downstream. In recent years, China 7 (take) effective measures to protect and restore the natural environment. This includes keeping the original environment 8 (touch), as well as adopting new, sustainable ways of feeding farm animals. As 9 result, the number of rare animals has 10 (incredible) increased and the stability of the ecosystem continues to improve. 题型二、应用文写作 假定你是李华，准备参加学校组织的“绿色城市”活动（Green City Campaign），请你根据下面的要点给你的美国笔友Jim写封邮件，向他征询建议，内容包括： 1.此次活动的内容； 2.征求他的建议。 参考词汇 1. environmental protection环境保护 2. practical advice 实用建议 3. daily routine日常生活 4. low - carbon life低碳生活 5. save节约 注意: ⒈ 词数80字左右，开头语已为你写好； ⒉ 可以适当增加细节，以便行文连贯。 Dear Jim， ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 17 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 6 At one with nature（单元词汇专项） 词汇夯基·专项突破 1 题型一、词性转换 1 题型二、核心短语 2 题型三、一词多用 3 题型四、单句语法填空 4 题型五、单词拼写 6 题型六、完成句子 9 综合攻坚·能力跃升 11 题型一、语篇语法填空 11 题型二、应用文写作 12 题型一、词性转换 1． n．完成，结束→ v．完成；结束 adj.完全的，彻底的 2． n．融洽相处，和谐→ adj.(关系)友好和睦的，和谐的；协调的 3． v．伤害，损害→ adj.有害的→ adj.无害的 4． n．农业→ adj.(与)农业(有关)的 5. 　v.把……放回原处；以……替换，更换；取代→ n. 替换；替换品；接替者 6. 　adj.狭窄的，不宽的；狭隘的；勉强的→　 adv.　勉强地；狭隘地 7. adj.有限的→ v．限制；限定 n．界限；限定；范围→ n．限制，局限→ adj.无限制的；无界限的；无限度的；无止境的 8． n．好处，益处→ adj.有益的，有利的 9． adj.令人愉快的→ n．愉快；快乐 10． n．力量，活力→ adj.精力充沛的 【答案】 1．completion complete 2．Harmony harmonious 3．harm harmful harmless 4．agriculture agricultural 5. replace replacement 6. narrow narrowly 7. limited limit limitation limitless 8．benefit beneficial 9．pleasant pleasure 10．energy energetic 题型二、核心短语 1．___________________大量的 2．___________________不辞辛苦 3．___________________阻止某人做某事 4．___________________与……和谐相处 5．___________________把……变成 6．___________________为……提供…… 7．___________________传承 8．___________________是……的栖息地 9．___________________覆盖在……中 10．___________________冲走 11．___________________从底部到顶部 12．___________________与……一致 13．___________________对……有疑问 14．___________________认真思考 15．___________________对……有积极的影响 16．___________________导致 【答案】 1．plenty of大量的 2．go to so much trouble不辞辛苦 3．prevent sb. from阻止某人做某事 4．in harmony with与……和谐相处 5．turn sth. into sth.把……变成 6．provide sth. for sb.为……提供…… 7．pass down传承 8．be home to是……的栖息地 9．be covered in覆盖在……中 10．wash away冲走 11．from the bottom to the very top从底部到顶部 12．at one with与……一致 13．in doubt about对……有疑问 14．reflect on 认真思考 15．have a positive effect on对……有积极的影响 16．lead to导致 题型三、一词多用 design (1)“Talk and Talk” is designed students who are eager to acquire more knowledge about English. (2)I'm terribly sorry to say that I have hurt your feelings, but I didn't do it design. (3)Many columns of the English newspaper Youth （旨在丰富我们的校园生活) harmony (1)We gradually realize that the importance of honesty will contribute to building a warm and ______________ (harmony) society. (2) Human life is regarded as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is ．（与自然和谐相处） expert (1)Educational (expert) insist that schools should hold varieties of out­of­class activities for the benefit of students' physical and mental health. (2)You can have your computer repaired by John, who is expert repairing computers. (3)Mr.Smith is （法国历史方面的专家）so he （擅长回答） these questions. . 【答案】 design (1)“Talk and Talk” is designed for students who are eager to acquire more knowledge about English. (2)I'm terribly sorry to say that I have hurt your feelings, but I didn't do it by design. (3)Many columns of the English newspaper Youth are designed to enrich our campus life.（旨在丰富我们的校园生活) harmony (1)We gradually realize that the importance of honesty will contribute to building a warm and harmonious (harmony) society. (2) Human life is regarded as part of nature and the only way for us to survive is to live in harmony with nature．（与自然和谐相处） expert (1)Educational experts(expert) insist that schools should hold varieties of out­of­class activities for the benefit of students' physical and mental health. (2)You can have your computer repaired by John, who is expert at/in/on repairing computers. (3)Mr.Smith is an expert at/in/on French history （法国历史方面的专家）so he is expert at/in/on answering（擅长回答） these questions. 题型四、单句语法填空 1．The city (see) a series of fierce fights between blacks and whites in the 1960s and Dr. King was shot to death in 1968. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2．Efficient packaging ensures that fragile goods are well protected, preventing them from (wrap) too tightly and potentially damaged. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3．Only blindness could have (prevent) her from knowing that she was unusually attractive.（所给词的适当形式填空） 4．An Individualized Education Program is an important plan (design) to help students with disabilities who qualify for Special Education Services. （所给词的适当形式填空） 5．Not long ago he inherited (继承) ten thousand pounds from his grandpa,and now he is penniless, because he spent his money carelessly on many (value) things. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6．A completed job application provides the employer two kinds of information about you.（用适当的词空填空） 7．Srikanth was prevented studying science because it was thought too “dangerous” for a blind student.（用适当的词填空） 8．According to the report, only 10% — 15% of the land in China is good for (agricultural).（用单词的适当形式完成句子） 9． (replace) ancient dialects with a standardized national language for ten years, the country strengthened its cultural unity. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10．David was more than certain about getting his ideal job because the position which he applied was a perfect match for his skills. (用适当的词填空) 11．As is known to all, the local economy will ( beneficial) from the newly built railway. 12．David Crystal, one of the world’s leading language (expert), argues that the usage of full stops (句号) is being revised in a really fundamental way. (所给词的适当形式填空) 13．Living in an apartment is fine, but it does have its (limit)—for example, you don't have your own garden.（用所给词的适当形式填空） 14．In the near future, it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be doubt. （用适当的词填空） 15．As a student, it takes me a quarter (go) to school by bike. What’s more, every day I nearly spend 16 hours (stay) in school. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 1．saw 【详解】考查时态。句意：20世纪60年代，这座城市发生了一系列黑人和白人之间的激烈斗争，金博士于1968年被枪杀。在句中作谓语，根据后文in the 1960s可知为一般过去时，故填saw。 2．being wrapped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有效的包装确保易碎的货物得到很好的保护，防止它们被包装得太紧而潜在地损坏。prevent...from doing sth. 阻止……做某事，goods和wrap之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动形式。故填being wrapped。 3．prevented 【详解】考查动词固定结构。句意：失明使她不知道自己异常迷人。分析句子可知，could have done表示主观猜测，即对已经发生动作或已经存在的状态作出主观上的猜测，通常可译为“可能”，根据句意，此处表示推测一种情况，故填prevented。 4．designed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：个人教育规划是一项重要的计划，旨在帮助符合特殊教育服务资格的残疾学生。分析句子可知， 　　　(design) to help students with disabilities在句中为后置定语修饰名词plan，名词plan与动词design为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词designed。故填designed。 5．valueless 【详解】考查形容词。句意：不久前他从祖父那里继承了一万英镑，现在他身无分文，因为他把钱胡乱花在了许多毫无价值的东西上。根据下文things以及句意可知，此处填形容词valueless“无价值的”作定语。故填valueless。 6．with 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：一份完整的工作申请为雇主提供了两种关于你的信息。分析句子结构可知，本题考查短语provide sb. with sth.“给某人提供某物”。故填with。 7．from 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：斯里坎特被禁止学习科学，因为它被认为对盲人学生来说太“危险”。根据句意可知，本题考查短语prevent sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。根据句子结构可知，本句话用了该短语的被动语态，其结构为“sb. be prevented from doing sth.”。故填from。 8．agriculture 【详解】考查名词。句意：根据这份报告，中国只有10%—15%的土地适合农业。空处应填名词作介词for的宾语，agriculture农业，不可数名词，故填agriculture。 9．Having replaced 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：用标准的国家语言取代古代方言十年后，这个国家加强了其文化统一性。本句谓语为strengthened，此处为非谓语动词，本空在句中作状语，主语the country与replace“取代”为主动关系，且replace这一动作发生在谓语动词strengthened之前，所以本空用现在分词的完成式having replaced，句首单词，首字母大写。故填Having replaced。 10．for 【详解】考查介词。句意：大卫非常肯定能得到他理想的工作，因为他申请的职位与他的技能完全匹配。句子使用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，修饰先行词position，apply for为固定搭配，意为“申请”，故空处应填介词for。故填for。 11．benefit 【详解】考查动词。句意：众所周知，新建铁路将使当地经济受益。本句缺少谓语，故此处应填动词形式，且will后跟动词原形，故填benefit。 12．experts 【详解】考查名词单复数。句意：世界顶尖的语言专家之一David Crystal认为，句号的用法正在从根本上进行修改。所给词为名词“专家”兼形容词“精通的，擅长的”，该空需要一个名词作宾语，one of之后的名词应使用复数形式。故填experts。 13．limitations 【详解】考查名词。句意：住在公寓里很好，但它也有它的局限性——比如，你没有自己的花园。根据句意以及空前its形容词性物主代词可知，此处为复数名词limitations“局限性”，满足句意要求。故填limitations。 14．in 【详解】考查介词。句意：在不久的将来，不仅仅是你在屏幕上看到的数字会受到怀疑。be in doubt受到怀疑，是固定搭配。故填in。 15． to go staying 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名学生，我骑自行车上学要花四分之一的时间。更重要的是，每天我几乎花16个小时呆在学校。it takes sb. some time to do是固定短语，意为“花了某人一段时间做某事”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式，因此第一空是不定式to go；sb. spend some time doing sth.是固定短语，意为“某人花了一段时间做某事”，因此第二空用动名词作宾语，故填to go，staying。 题型五、单词拼写 1．I was growing up in Kuala Lumpur in the early 1960s, when children from different races and religions played and studied together in (和谐). (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 2．Everyone loves Adventureland! The parks and exhibitions were built for you to explore, enjoy and (欣赏) their wonders. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 3．Modern technology has greatly improved efficiency in (农业), leading to higher crop production and more sustainable farming practices. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 4．The Ming and Qing (朝代) saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink Stones—Duan Ink Stone, She Ink Stone, Tao Ink Stone and Chengni Ink Stone.(根据汉语提示单词拼写) 5．The first China International Consumer Products Expo held in Hainan province has attracted 1,365 brands from 69 countries and (地区). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 6．As British’s first female Prime Minister, Thatcher was famous for her tough style, and (因此) she was called the “Iron Lady”. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 7．As I enter my 40s,I’ve noticed many of my parents’ (一代人)think social networking is something they are simply unable to understand. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 8．The policy of “shuang jian”, or double reduction is to (阻止) the anxious parents and students from feeling burned out in “nei juan”, or involution. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 9． (坐落于) in the north of the North China Plain,  Beijing has four distinct seasons. It is hot and rainy in summer and cold and dry in winter. (根据汉语意思单词拼写) 10．She loved the (美) and fruitfulness of the autumn, when the whole countryside was covered with rich golden colours. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 11．Apple Inc. has donated 25 million yuan to a new children`s development fund in China,which is working to （缩小）the education gap between urban and rural areas. (根据汉语提示单词拼写） 12．John’s smart home (系统) allows him to control lighting, temperature and security cameras with just his voice or smartphone. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 13．Participating in community service greatly (受益) him and meanwhile enriched his life with new perspectives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 14．In Japan, newly married couples can receive up to 600,000 yen to cover their (租金) and other costs to start a new life from April 2020 on. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 15．Amazingly, the leaves and (枝条) of this tree never touch those of the other tree, although they grow close together. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】 1．harmony 【详解】考查名词。句意：1960年代初，我在吉隆坡长大，当时来自不同种族和宗教的孩子和谐地一起玩耍和学习。根据汉语提示及句子结构可知，此处考查短语in harmony，表示“和谐地”，故填名词harmony，作宾语。故填harmony。 2．admire 【详解】考查动词原形。句意：每个人都喜欢冒险世界！公园和展览是为您探索，享受和欣赏他们的奇观而建造的。根据汉语提示及句子结构可知，and是并列连词，前后都是动词不定式结构，第二个动词不定式可省略to，故填动词原形admire，故填admire。 3．agriculture 【详解】考查名词。句意：现代技术大大提高了农业的效率，带来了更高的农作物产量和更可持续的农业实践。根据汉语提示“农业”，以及上文in可知此处应填名词agriculture。故填agriculture。 4．dynasties 【详解】考查名词。句意：明清时期出现了四大名砚——端砚、歙砚、洮砚、澄泥砚。根据句意及汉语提示可知，空处应填名词dynasty“朝代”在句中作主语，由The Ming and Qing可知，此处指明、清两个朝代，应用复数形式。故填dynasties。 5．regions 【详解】考查名词。句意：第一届中国国际消费品博览会在海南省举行，吸引了来自于69个国家和地区的1365个品牌。根据句子含义及and并列，不止一个地区，该处应使用可数名词region的复数形式，故填regions。 6．thus/therefore 【详解】考查副词。句意：作为英国第一任女首相，撒切尔夫人以作风强硬著称，被称为“铁娘子”。设空处在句中作状语，副词thus/therefore“因此”符合句意。故填thus/therefore。 7．generation 【详解】考查名词。句意：当我40多岁的时候，我注意到我父母那一代的许多人认为社交网络是他们根本无法理解的东西。分析句子设空处应该填写名词作宾语，根据汉语提示，generation为名词，意为“一代人”，此处表示是的是我父母的一代人，为单数。故填generation。 8．prevent 【详解】考查动词。句意：“双减”政策是为了防止焦虑的家长和学生在“内卷”中感到倦怠。根据汉语提示“阻止”可知应填动词prevent，此处为不定式作表语。故填prevent。 9．Located 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：北京位于华北平原北部，四季分明。夏天炎热多雨，冬天寒冷干燥。be located in坐落于，在句中作状语，所以用过去分词形式。根据汉语提示及句意，故填Located。 10．beauty 【详解】考查名词。句意：她喜欢秋天的美丽和硕果累累，那时整个乡村都披上了绚丽的金色。根据汉语提示“美”可知应填名词beauty，作宾语，不可数。故填beauty。 11．narrow 【详解】考查动词。句意：苹果公司向中国一个新的儿童发展基金捐赠了2500万元，该基金致力于缩小城乡教育差距。不定式to后接动词原形（不定式作目的状语）。根据汉语提示及句意，故填narrow。 12．system 【详解】考查名词。句意：约翰的智能家居系统让他仅通过语音或智能手机就能控制灯光、温度和监控摄像头。“系统”作主语，用可数名词system，结合语境和谓语动词“allows”可知，这里指约翰的一个智能家居系统，用单数形式。故填system。 13．benefited 【详解】考查动词。句意：参与社区服务使他受益匪浅，同时也用新的视角丰富了他的生活。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词。动词“收益”英文为benefit。根据句中enriched 可知，用一般过去时。故填benefited。 14．rent 【详解】考查名词。句意：在日本，从2020年4月开始，新婚夫妇可以获得高达60万日元的租金和其他费用，以开始新的生活。空处用于形容词性物主代词their之后，应用名词rent，作动词cover的宾语。故填rent。 15．branches 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：令人惊讶的是，这棵树的叶子和树枝从来没有碰过另一棵树的，尽管它们长得很近。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查“枝条”对应的名词branch的复数，表示泛指，在句子中作主语。故填branches。 题型六、完成句子 1．这项新政策旨在阻止企业污染环境。（prevent） The new policy is designed to the environment. 2．他在抨击那部电影之前都懒得费神欣赏。（trouble） He did not the film before he attacked it. 3．这是一年中最重要的时刻，传统和习俗代代相传。 It’s the most important time of the year; traditions and customs . 4．令我印象最深的是那个男孩沉着勇敢地应对这场危机。（strike; what引导主语从句） the boy handled the crisis calmly and bravely. 5．这张优雅的桌子以及这些椅子，都是由一位著名艺术家设计的。 The elegant table, the chairs, by a famous artist. 6．海洋下依然蕴藏着大量资源尚待人类开发，而有些人认为开发这些资源可能会对生物多样性造成伤害。 (完全倒装；名词harm) large quantities of resources yet to be explored by humans, while some argue that the exploitation could . 7．这位新经理正在试图找到问题的解决办法。 The new manager was trying . 8．我们一向希望邻里之间和睦相处。 We always desire . 9．他的腿受伤了，因此他不能参与游戏。 He hurt his leg, and . 10．Summer with growing rice. 盛夏，佳禾吐绿，将群山染成一片青翠。 【答案】 1． prevent companies from polluting 【详解】考查固定短语。根据句意，“阻止企业污染环境”中“阻止某人做某事”用固定短语prevent sb. from doing sth.，“企业”为companies，“污染”为pollute，其动名词形式为polluting，结合前面的不定式符号to，动词用原形。故填①prevent②companies③from④polluting。 2． go to the trouble to see/watch 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意和中文提示文可知，表示“费神做某事”应用go to the trouble to do sth，为固定搭配，且did not后应用动词原形，表示“欣赏”可引申为“看”，可用see或watch。故填go to the trouble to see/watch。 3． are passed down through the generations/ages 【详解】考查固定短语，时态，被动语态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“代代相传”，“传下来”是pass down，传统和习俗是被传下来，句子用被动语态，且描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语traditions and customs是复数，因此被动语态中be动词用are，“代代”是through the generations/ages，因此空格处是are passed down through the generations/ages。故填①are②passed③down④through⑤the⑥generations/ages。 4． What struck me most was that 【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示要求可知，该句为what 引导的主语从句，“what 引导主语从句”在句中作主语，“令我印象最深”可表达为“what struck me most”，其中“struck”是“strike”的过去式，有“给……以深刻印象”之意；主句谓语用“was”，后接 that 引导的表语从句，从句成分齐全，句意完整，用that仅起连接作用，故分别填What；struck；me；most；was；that。 5． as well as was designed 【详解】考查固定短语、时态语态和主谓一致。表示“以及”应用固定短语as well as，连接并列主语，谓语动词遵循就远原则，即和The elegant table保持一致；表示“设计”应用动词design，和主语之间是被动关系，句子陈述过去的事实，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填①as；②well；③as；④was；⑤designed。 6． Beneath the ocean lie cause harm to biodiversity 【详解】考查倒装句式。根据要求第一空使用完全倒装句式，句子结构为“地点状语+谓语动词+主语”，“在海底”Beneath the ocean，Beneath首字母大写，“存在/蕴藏”lie，句子描述现在的一般情况，应用一般现在时，large quantities of resources作主语，lie用原形；第二空，“对……造成伤害”cause harm to，情态动词后cause用原形，“生物多样性”biodiversity。故填①Beneath the ocean lie；②cause harm to biodiversity。 7．to find a solution to the problem 【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词短语。固定搭配try to do sth.，表示“尝试做某事”；“找到”应为find ，用动词不定式作宾语；“解决问题的方法”应为a solution to sth.，名词短语作宾语。故填to find a solution to the problem。 8．to live in harmony with our neighbors 【详解】考查动词短语和名词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“邻里之间和睦相处”，“与……和睦相处”可用动词短语live in harmony with，“邻里”可用名词短语our neighbors，且句中用desire to do表示“希望做某事”，live应用不定式的形式。故填to live in harmony with our neighbors。 9．therefore he couldn’t play in the game 【详解】考查副词和短语。表示“因此”应用therefore；主语为he；表示“参与游戏”短语为play in the game，couldn’t后跟动词原形。故填therefore he couldn’t play in the game。 10．sees the mountains turn bright green 【详解】考查动词（短语）、名词和形容词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“看到群山染成一片青翠”，在描述通常的情况，时态宜用一般现在时，主语为无生命的Summer，“看到某物做某事”可用动词短语see sth. do sth.，see需用第三人称单数形式，“群山”可用名词the mountains，“染成一片青翠”可理解为“变成青翠”，“变成”可用连系动词turn，“青翠”可用形容词短语bright green。故填sees the mountains turn bright green。 题型一、语篇语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve (SNNR), established in 2000, 1 (locate) in the heart of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is the highest and second 2 (large) nature reserve in China. Here, you can see dramatic landscapes, 3 change from mountains to grasslands, forests to rivers. Most importantly, as the source of the Changjiang River, the Yellow River, and the Lancang River, it is known as the “water tower of China”, 4 (provide) water for millions of people and supporting agriculture and industry. However, due to its fragile ecosystem, the region has long faced challenges. Large areas of wetland were damaged by human activity. This has had a negative impact 5 the unique plants and animals living there. 6 (drought) and floods caused by these changes affected the water supply downstream. In recent years, China 7 (take) effective measures to protect and restore the natural environment. This includes keeping the original environment 8 (touch), as well as adopting new, sustainable ways of feeding farm animals. As 9 result, the number of rare animals has 10 (incredible) increased and the stability of the ecosystem continues to improve. 【答案】 1．is located 2．largest 3．which 4．providing 5．on 6．Droughts 7．has taken 8．untouched 9．a 10．incredibly 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍三江源国家级自然保护区的概况、重要性，面临的生态挑战及近年保护措施和成效。 1．考查时态和语态。句意：三江源国家级自然保护区成立于2000年，位于青藏高原腹地。此空考查谓语动词，be located in，为固定搭配，意为“位于”，主语SNNR是单数，且句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填is located。 2．考查形容词最高级。句意：它是中国海拔最高、面积第二大的自然保护区。“the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级”，表 “第几最……”，为固定用法，large的最高级为largest。故填largest。 3．考查定语从句。句意：在这里，你可以看到壮丽的景观，从山脉到草原，从森林到河流。此空考查非限制性定语从句，先行词为landscapes，为物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：最重要的是，作为长江、黄河和澜沧江的源头，它被称为 “中华水塔”，为数百万人提供水源，并支撑着农业和工业。此空考查非谓语，句子主语it与provide之间为主动关系，再由语境可知，应用现在分词作状语。故填providing。 5．考查介词。句意：这对生活在那里的独特动植物产生了负面影响。这里考查have an impact on，为固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”。故填on。 6． 考查名词复数。句意：这些变化引起的干旱和洪水影响了下游的供水。drought“干旱”为可数名词，根据floods可知，此处应用复数形式droughts，且位于句首首字母需大写。故填Droughts。 7．考查时态。句意：近年来，中国采取了有效措施保护和恢复自然环境。此空考查谓语动词，主语China与take为主动关系，再根据in recent years可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语China是单数。故填has taken。 8．考查形容词。句意：这包括保持原始环境不受破坏，以及采用新的、可持续的饲养家畜的方式。分析句子结构可知，这里考查“keep + 宾语 + 宾补”，再由语境可知，应用untouched，表“未受影响的”。故填untouched。 9．考查冠词。句意：因此，珍稀动物的数量显著增加，生态系统的稳定性继续改善。这里考查as a result，为固定搭配，意为“因此”，符合语境。故填a。 10．考查副词。句意：因此，珍稀动物的数量显著增加，生态系统的稳定性继续改善。此处修饰动词increased，应用副词incredibly，表“显著地”，符合语境。故填incredibly。 题型二、应用文写作 假定你是李华，准备参加学校组织的“绿色城市”活动（Green City Campaign），请你根据下面的要点给你的美国笔友Jim写封邮件，向他征询建议，内容包括： 1.此次活动的内容； 2.征求他的建议。 参考词汇 1. environmental protection环境保护 2. practical advice 实用建议 3. daily routine日常生活 4. low - carbon life低碳生活 5. save节约 注意: ⒈ 词数80字左右，开头语已为你写好； ⒉ 可以适当增加细节，以便行文连贯。 Dear Jim， ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Jim, How are you doing? I’m writing to seek your help, as I meet with some problems while planning a Green City Campaign. We plan to organize the campaign like this: First, a series of lectures related to environmental protection will be arranged, thus arousing people’s awareness of living a low-carbon life. This will be followed by a discussion about ways of saving water, paper and electricity at school. But how can we put them into practice and make them our daily routine? After all, we can only realize our goal through small acts in our daily life. I’m struck and wondering if you could give me some practical advice as I know you have organized similar activities. Looking forward to your early reply! Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给你的美国笔友Jim写封邮件，就你准备参加学校组织的“绿色城市”活动向他征询建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 帮助： help → assistance 首先：first → to begin with 方法：way → method 实现：realize → achieve 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This will be followed by a discussion about ways of saving water, paper and electricity at school. 拓展句：This will be followed by a discussion about the ways in which we can save water, paper and electricity at school. 【点睛】【高分句型1】 I’m writing to seek your help, as I meet with some problems while planning a Green City Campaign. （运用了as引导的原因状语从句和状语从句的省略） 【高分句型2】I’m struck and wondering if you could give me some practical advice as I know you have organized similar activities.（运用了if引导的宾语从句和as引导的原因状语从句） 17 / 17 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$