Unit 1 The mass media（知识清单）英语译林版2020选择性必修第二册

Unit 1 The mass media 单词 1. critical adj. 批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的→critic n. 批评家；评论家；评论员→critically adv. 批判性地→criticism n. 批评，指责→criticize vt. 批评，批判 2. trap vt. 使落入险境；卡住，绊住 n. 陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼 3. release vt. 发布；释放；松开；发泄 n. 释放；发行；排放，泄漏 4. ambulance n. 救护车 5. extend vi. & vt. 延伸(距离)；扩大；延长；伸展→extension n. 扩展；延长→extensive adj. 广泛的；广阔的 6. construction n. 建筑，建造；建造物→construct vt. 建设；修建 7. dozen n. 许多；(一)打；十来个 8. minor adj. 轻微的，次要的 9. bath n. 洗澡，洗浴；浴缸，浴盆 10. scream vi. & vt. 尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音 n. 尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音 11. bark vi. (狗)吠叫 vt. 厉声发令 n. (狗)吠声；短促响亮的人声；树皮 12. choke vt. & vi. (使)窒息；(使)哽咽，(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来 13. cigarette n. 香烟 14. carpet n. 地毯；覆盖地面的一层厚东西 15. automatic adj. 自动的；无意识的，不假思索的→automatically adv. 无意识地；自动地 16. investigate vt. & vi. 侦查，调查；研究→investigation n. 调查；研究 17. journalist n. 新闻记者，新闻工作者→journalism n. 新闻业，新闻工作 18. priority n. 优先事项，首要事情；优先权，重点 19. contradict vt. 相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥→contradictory adj. 相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的→contradiction n. 矛盾 20. factual adj. 事实的，真实的→factually adv. 真实地→fact n. 事实 21. instance n. 例子，事例 22. differ vi. 相异；意见相左→different adj. 不同的→differently adv. 不同地→difference n. 不同之处 23. conclusion n. 结论，推论；结束，结果；签订；达成→conclude vt. & vi. 结束；推断出 24. false adj. 错误的，不真实的；非天生的；假的，伪造的；不真诚的 25. minimum n. 最小值，最少量 adj. 最低的，最小的 26. maximum n. 最大量，最大限度 adj. 最高的，最多的 27. sum n. 金额，款项；总和，总数，全部 28. accurate adj. 正确无误的；精确的→accurately adv. 精确地；准确地→accuracy n. 准确(性)；精确(程度) 29. committed adj. 尽心尽力的→commitment n. 承诺，许诺；献身，投入；花费→commit v. 犯(罪)；承诺，忠于(某人) 30. curiosity n. 好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品→curious adj. 好奇的→curiously adv. 好奇地 31. citizen n. 公民；市民，居民 32. found vt. 创建，创办；建立，兴建 33. politics n. 政治，政治事务；(个人的)政治观点，政见 34. accuse vt. 谴责，控诉 35. tax n. 税，税款 vt. 对……征税，使纳税 36. mount vi. 逐步增加 vt. 攀登，爬上 n. 山 37. elevation n. 提高，提升，海拔 38. profession n. 行业，职业；同行；宣称，声明→professional adj. 专业的；职业的 n. 专业人员 39. drama n. 戏剧；戏剧性事件 40. scholarship n. 奖学金；学术 41. category n. 类别，种类 42. nevertheless adv. 尽管如此 43. witness vt. & vi. 是发生……的时间(或地点)，见证；目击；作证；是……的迹象 n. 目击者，见证人；证人 44. edition n. 版本；一份，一期；版次 45. platform n. 计算机平台；站台，月台；讲台，舞台 46. interaction n. 互动；互相作用 47. membership n. (统称)会员，会员人数；会员资格 48. chart n. 图表；海图；(the charts)排行榜 vt. 记录；制订计划；绘制区域地图 49. broadcast n. 广播节目，电视节目 vi. & vt. (broadcast, broadcast)播送，广播；散布，传播 50. advertising n. 广告活动，广告业→advertisement n. 广告，启事；广告活动，广告宣传→advertise vt. & vi. 做广告，登广告；公布，征聘；展现，宣传→advertiser n. 广告商 51. persuasion n. 说服，劝说；信仰→persuade vt. 说服；使信服→persuasive adj. 有说服力的 52. channel n. 途径，渠道；电视台；频道；方法；水渠 53. peak adj. 高峰时期的，最高度的 n. 顶峰，高峰；山峰；尖端 vi. 达到高峰，达到最高值 54. boost vt. 使增长，使兴旺 n. 增长，提高；帮助，激励 55. psychology n. 心理，心理特征；心理学→psychological adj. 心理的；精神上的；心理学的→psychologically adv. 心理上地；心理学地 55. purchase vt. 买，购买 n. 购买，采购；购买的东西，购买项目 56. memorable adj. 难忘的，值得纪念的 57. slogan n. 标语，口号 58. teapot n. 茶壶 59. brand n. 品牌；类型；烙印 60. ambassador n. 大使，代表 61. placement n. 放置；安置 62. rating n. 收视率；等级，级别 63. sponsor vt. 赞助；主办；为慈善活动捐款；资助 n. 赞助商；为慈善活动捐款的人 64. absorb vt. 理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力 65. discount n. 折扣 vt. 打折出售 66. tailor vt. 专门制作，定做 n. 裁缝 67. housing n. 住房，住宅 68. estate n. 住宅区；(通常指农村的)大片私有土地；个人财产，(尤指)遗产 69. housing estate 住宅区，住宅群 70. amuse vt. (提供)消遣；逗笑→amusement n. 娱乐(活动)；愉悦→amusing adj. 有趣的；好笑的→amused adj. 觉得好笑的 短语 1. dozens of很多，许多 2. come about发生 3. for instance例如，比如 4. bring sth. to light 揭露，披露 5. sum up总结，概括 6. be committed to致力于 7. mount up (尺寸和数量上)增加，上升 8. spring up迅速出现，突然兴起 9. get across被传达，被理解，把……讲清楚 10. brighten up (使)增添乐趣；使更艳丽 11. put out扑灭；出版 12. break out爆发 13. rely on依靠；依赖 14. take...as an example以……为例 15. in terms of谈及，就……而言 熟词生义 1. It was reported that some miners were trapped underground after the collapse. 使困住,使落入困境 2. I felt I had been trapped into accepting the terms of the contract. 使……陷入圈套 3. The only thing the wolf could do was climb up to the ground from the trap. 陷阱/圈套 4. It is cruel to trap birds or wild animals for interests and our government has set laws to protect them. 捕捉 5. Things in colour can often absorb children’s attention easily. 吸引,使专心 6. Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air. 吸收 7. I’ve been busy studying and trying to absorb all the new things around me. 理解,掌握 8. Most small shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis. 吞并 9. We are glad to hear that the famous singer will release his new album next month.v. 发行，发布 10. Music is a great channel for releasing your emotions. n. 方式，方法，手段 11. These special courses are tailored to the needs of disabled children. vt. 专门定制/定做 句型 1. leave＋宾语＋宾补 The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor，spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped. 周日晚上的这场火灾被认为起于九楼，并迅速蔓延至整栋大楼，导致九楼以上的人被困。 2. be about to do...when... I was about to have a bath when I heard people screaming and dogs barking. 我正要洗澡，就听到有人尖叫，还有狗在叫。 3. the＋比较级...，the＋比较级... The more we like the brand ambassador, the more we will be attracted to buy the product. 我们越喜欢这位品牌大使，就越会受其吸引而去购买相关产品。 4. not only...but (also)...倒装句型 Not only will this make them feel more valued and enable them to see what they are most interested in, but it will also help companies target their customers more efficiently to have a positive effect on sales. 这不仅会让消费者觉得自己更受重视，还能让他们看到自己最感兴趣的内容，此外也能帮助公司更加有效地锁定目标客户，从而对销售量产生积极影响。 5. It is/was the first/second/...time that... Though it was the first time many of the students had taken part in a volunteer programme like this，they were eager to share various interesting topics with the residents... 虽然这是许多学生第一次参加这样的志愿者项目，但他们很渴望与住在养老院里的人们分享各种有趣的话题…… 语法 过去完成时 一、词汇清单 知识点1 trap vt. 使落入险境；卡住，绊住 n. 陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼 【教材原句】The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped. (教材P2) 周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的，很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼，把高楼层的人们困在里面。 【拓展】 (1)fall into/avoid the trap (of doing sth.) 掉进/避开(做某事的)陷阱 set a trap 设下圈套 (2)trap sb. into doing sth. 诱骗某人做某事 become/get/be trapped in 被困在……;陷入…… 特别提醒 be trapped in表示“被困在……”,其同义短语还有:be/get stuck in, be/get caught in, be/get locked in, be/get blocked in等。 【写作佳句】We must keep ourselves from being cheated and falling into a trap. 我们必须防止自己受骗而落入圈套。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. To their horror, they were trapped in the burning hotel. 2. The eye-catching advertisements will trap us into buying(buy)more goods. 3. The boy set a trap expecting the mice to run into it. 句式升级 4. After they had been trapped in the mine for two days, the miners were finally rescued. →Trapped in the mine for two days, the miners were finally rescued.(过去分词短语作状语) 知识点2 release vt. 发布;释放;松开;发泄n. 释放;发行;排放,泄漏 【教材原句】Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services. (教材P2) 根据紧急服务部门公布的数据,人们越来越担心死亡人数可能会达到五人。 【拓展】 (1)release sb. /sth. (from. . . ) 把某人/某物(从……)释放/放出/放走 release pressure 释放压力 release a movie/book 发行电影/书 (2)on general release 公开发行 the latest new releases 最新发行的产品 a sense of release 轻松感,解脱感 【写作佳句】It took the rescuers half an hour to release the driver from the car trapped in the heavy snow. 救援人员花了半个小时才把司机从困在大雪中的汽车中解救出来。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. The new novel will be on general release next month. 2. A sense of release came to me immediately after the exam.   完成句子 3. 把数千只气球放飞到空中看似很浪漫，但这对环境来说很糟糕。 Releasing thousands of balloons into the air seems romantic, but it is really terrible for the environment. 知识点3 extend vi. & vt. 延伸(距离)；扩大；延长；伸展 【教材原句】By this time, the fire had extended to the 15th floor. (教材P2) 截至此时，火势已蔓延到十六楼。 【拓展】 (1)extend (...) into... 扩大或延长(……)到…… extend (sth.) over (使某物)持续或延续到…… extend (sth.) to (使某物)达到或伸展到…… (2)extension n. 延长部分；扩大部分；伸展；伸直；外延；扩展；电话分机 (3)extensive adj. 广阔的；广大的；广泛的；大量的；规模大 【写作佳句】We extend our heartfelt gratitude to all volunteers who helped distribute supplies to the affected communities. 我们向所有帮助向受影响的社区分发物资的志愿者表示衷心的感谢。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Her teaching career extended over a period of 35 years and had a good reputation. 2. They have to build an extension(extend) to the hospital as patients are increasing. 3. I have benefited a lot from extensive(extend) reading. 完成句子 4.(学校生活)由于天气不好,我们的假期延长了两天。 Our holiday was extended by two days for the bad weather. 知识点4 dozens of很多，许多 【教材原句】The fire has also left dozens of people injured,5 of whom are in a critical condition. (教材P2) 火灾还造成几十人受伤，其中5人伤势严重。 【拓展】 dozen n. 许多；(一)打；十二个 a dozen (of) 一打 by the dozen 成打地;按打计算 in dozens 成打地 half a dozen 半打,六个 [名师点津] (1)dozen可用作量词，前有具体数字时dozen 不加s，of可省略； (2)dozens of中的of不能省去； (3)dozen修饰代词或所修饰的名词前有these/those/the/形容词性物主代词/one's时，dozen 后加of。 【写作佳句】I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them. 我从图书馆借了六本关于保罗·里维尔的书。我甚至读了一些。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. We should prepare dozens(dozen) of chairs as many students will attend the lecture. 2. The eggs in the shop were packed in dozens. 3. Only half a dozen people turned up at the party. 知识点5 come about发生；改变方向 【教材原句】How do these differences come about? (教材P3) 这些差异是如何产生的呢？ 【拓展】 (1)How does/did it come about that... ……是如何发生的/怎么回事？ (2)come across 偶尔发现；(偶然)遇见；想起 come along 一道来，陪伴；进步，进展；出现 come back 回来；恢复，复原 come down 倒下；降落，下降；跌落；病倒；下(雨、雪) come from 来自，起源于，从……产生，出生(于) come in 进来，进入；流行起来；获得名次 come into being 发生，产生，出现，形成 come into power 开始执政，当权，当选 come into use 开始使用，获得应用 come on 上演；开始；赶快；发展；登台；来吧 come off 从……离开；脱落 come out 出来，传出；(书等)出版；结果是；褪色；(秘密)泄露 come up to 走过来，达到(认可的水平) come up 走近；长出来，发芽；上升；发生；被提出 come up with 想出(主意)，找出(答案) come to 苏醒，复原；共计；达到；归结于 [名师点津]come about为不及物动词短语，只能用主动语态，没有被动语态。 【写作佳句】Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favorite music... 在你步入家门的一刹那，灯会亮起，你最喜爱的音乐随即开始播放…… 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. If you go to the park，you may come across the old man who often takes exercise there. 2. We expect the new book of the writer will come out soon. 3. Suddenly a stranger came up to me and asked how to get to the post office. 完成句子 4.他对事故发生的原因感到困惑。 He felt confused about how the accident came about. 知识点6 contradict vt. 相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥 【教材原句】Even if news reports are written from basically the same perspective，they may contradict each other in terms of factual details，as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly changing. (教材P3) 即使新闻报道的撰写角度基本相同，它们也可能在事实性的细节上相互矛盾，因为现实世界中的事件通常是复杂且不断变化的。 【拓展】 (1)contradict each other 互相矛盾;互相抵触 contradict with 与……相矛盾 contradict oneself 自相矛盾;出尔反尔 (2)contradiction n. 矛盾,不一致,对立 (3)contradictory adj. 矛盾的;反对的;反驳的 【写作佳句】The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite. 这些诗歌可能没有道理，甚至看起来自相矛盾，但是它们容易学习和背诵。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. His public speeches are in direct contradiction(contradict) to his personal lifestyle. 2. The story is contradictory(contradict) and has the opposite meaning. 完成句子 3.慌乱中,他不断说出自相矛盾的话来。 In his confusion, he kept contradicting himself. 知识点7 differ vi. 相异；意见相左 【教材原句】For instance, the numbers of deaths differ in the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire. 例如，在关于亨德森楼火灾的两篇新闻报道中，死亡人数是不同的。 (教材P3) 【拓展】 (1)differ from sb./sth.(in) ... (在……方面)与……不同 differ in sth. 在某方面不同 differ with sb. about/on/over sth. 在……上与某人意见相左 (2)different adj. 不同的；有差别的；各种的 be different from... in sth. 在某方面与……不同 (3)differently adv. 不同地；相异地 (4)difference n. 差异；不同；差额；分歧 make a difference (to) (对……)有影响；(对……)起作用 tell the difference between... and... 区分……与……；辨别……与……的不同 【写作佳句】I hold the firm belief that we can make a great difference if everyone makes a little efforts. 我坚信如果每个人都努力一点，我们将起很大作用。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. I think that the desk in the shop differs from the one I have at home. 2. Materials differ in the way the threads are woven together. 3. The boy differs with his brother on/about/over where to spend the holiday. 4. My new plan for the coming holiday is different(differ) from the original one. 完成句子 5. 这款最新的自行车在设计方面不同于早期的自行车。 The latest bicycles are different/differ from the early ones in design. 知识点8 conclusion n. 结论，推论；结束，结果；签订；达成 【教材原句】When we come across such factual differences, we should not rush to the conclusion that one of the news reports gives false information.当我们发现这样的事实性差异时，不应该急于下结论，认为其中一篇新闻报道提供了错误的信息。(教材P3) 【拓展】 (1)in conclusion总而言之 (2)conclude v.推断出；结束；达成 conclude that... 推断出…… conclude...with... 与……达成……；以……结束…… conclude sth. from sth./conclude from sth. that... 从……推断出…… 【写作佳句】In conclusion, we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages. 总之，我们应该对它的优点和缺点有很好的了解。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Our headmaster concluded the sports meet with a short summary. 2. In conclusion, I would like to thank my parents and teachers who have given me much support and help. 一句多译 3.我从自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。 →I came to/reached/drew a/the conclusion from my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed. (conclusion) →I concluded from my own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed. (conclude) 知识点9 committed adj. 尽心尽力的 【教材原句】Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth，it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports. (教材P3) 尽管记者致力于呈现真相，我们最好还是运用自己的判断力，而非完全依赖新闻报道。 【拓展】 (1)be committed to致力于 (2)commit vt. 承诺，保证；犯(罪)；花(钱或时间) vi. 全身心投入；忠于 commit a crime/an error 犯罪/做错事 commit oneself承诺，保证，表态 commit oneself on sth. 就某事表态 commit sth. to paper/memory 把某物记在纸上/记忆中 commit...to... 把……送交/交托给…… commit oneself to (doing) sth. 承诺/保证(做)某事 (3)commitment n. 承诺，许诺；献身，投入；花费 [名师点津] (1)commit的基本意思是“做，干”，多用于错误的事、坏事。 (2)be committed to中to为介词，后接名词、代词或动词的­ing形式。 【写作佳句】Lei Feng committed himself to serving the people all his life. 雷锋把他的一生都献给了为人民服务这项事业中。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. The girl was committed to the care of her aunt. 2. If you make a commitment(commit) that you know without a doubt you can keep，you will build a foundation for many future successes and growth. 句型转换 3. As the man commits himself to education, he is respected by us. →As the man is committed to education, he is respected by us. 知识点10 curiosity n. 好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品 【教材原句】Secondly, you must have a natural curiosity about things that are happening, even though they may appear to be minor matters. (教材P5) 第二，你必须对正在发生的事有天生的好奇心，即使它们可能看上去是些小事。 【拓展】 (1)out of curiosity出于好奇 satisfy/meet/feed sb.'s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 show curiosity about 表现出对……的好奇 (2)curious adj. 好奇的；奇特的；巧妙的；精细的 be curious about 对……好奇 be curious to do sth. 很想做某事 It is curious that... 很奇怪/奇怪的是…… (3)curiously adv. 好奇地；奇异地 [名师点津] (1)curiosity表示“好奇心”时一般为不可数名词，但表示“珍品；古董；奇异的物或事”时是可数名词。 (2)It is curious that...中that从句常用虚拟语气，即其中的谓语部分用“should (竟然)+动词原形”表示，should可省略。 【写作佳句】I stood behind the door, from where I stared at the guests with curiosity. 我站在门后面，从那里好奇地盯着客人们。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Just to satisfy my curiosity(curious), how much did you pay for your car? 2. The girls in our class are curious to learn(learn) how to operate the machine. 3. The little dog looked at the cat in front of it curiously(curious). 完成句子 4.出于好奇,那个男孩急切地打开盒子,想看看里面是什么礼物。 Out of curiosity, the boy opened the box anxiously to see what gift was inside. 知识点11 accuse vt. 谴责，控诉 【教材原句】His paper published articles about politics and social issues, accusing government officials of dishonesty and wealthy people of not paying their taxes. (教材P6) 他的报纸刊登关于政治和社会问题的文章，谴责政府官员满口谎言和富人逃税。 【拓展】 (1)accuse sb.of (doing) sth. 谴责/控告某人(做)某事 accuse sb.as ... 控告/指责某人为…… the accused被告 (2)accusation n. 谴责，控诉 [名师点津]accuse与charge都可表示“指责，控诉”，但两者介词搭配不同: accuse sb.of...；charge sb.with...。 【写作佳句】Your neighbours may accuse you of playing the piano at midnight. 你的邻居可能会指责你半夜弹钢琴。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. He accused his company of refusing to face facts about the sales. 2. For lack of enough evidence, the accused(accuse) was allowed to go free. 完成句子 3.由于被指控偷钱，这个人被带到了法庭。 →As he was accused of stealing money, the man was brought to the court. (accuse) →As he was charged with stealing money, the man was brought to the court. (charge) 知识点12 witness vt. & vi. 是发生……的时间(或地点)，见证；目击；作证；是……的迹象 n. 目击者，见证人；证人 【教材原句】The past decades have witnessed the rapid development of online news media. (教材P8) 过去数十年见证了网络新闻媒体的快速发展。 【拓展】 (1) a witness to/of sth. 某事的目击者 in witness of 作为……的证据 (2) witness sth. 目击/见证某事；为……作证 witness for/against 对……作有利/不利的证明 witness to 对……作证，证明，表明 witness that 证明；表明 用法点拨 (1)witness作及物动词,其主语可以是时间或地点,表示“是发生某事的时间或地点”。 (2)“witness to. . . ”中to为介词,其后可跟名词、代词和动名词形式。 【写作佳句】Recent years have witnessed the great changes of my hometown.   近年来我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Many people are willing to witness for the kind boy who helped the old man. 2.As a witness to/of the accident，the young man was questioned by the police. 完成句子 3.从展览会参观人数之多可以看出,人们对现代艺术有浓厚兴趣。 The huge attendance figures for the exhibition witness to a healthy interest in modern art.   知识点13 persuade vt. 说服；使信服 【教材原句】In other words, it tries to persuade people to buy a product or service. (教材P11) 换言之，它(广告)试图说服人们去购买一种产品或服务。 【拓展】 (1)persuade sb. to do/into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 persuade sb. not to do sth. 说服某人不做某事 persuade sb. out of (doing ) sth. 劝某人放弃做某事 persuade sb./oneself of 使某人相信 try to persuade 试图说服，劝说 (2)persuasion n. 说服，劝说；信仰 persuasive adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的 【易混辨析】persuade/advise persuade 表示“说服,劝说”,强调说服的结果 advise 表示“劝告,建议”,对方不一定接受,强调过程。强调“劝说但不一定有效果” 【写作佳句】However, it will be more interesting if you can persuade your friend to enjoy your interests that he or she has never tried before.然而，如果你能说服你的朋友享受他/她从未尝试过的你的业余爱好，那将会更有趣。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. I shall persuade him to take(take) the medicine three times a day. 2. How can I persuade you of my honesty? 3. His father was reached by their persuasion(persuade) at last. 4. He raised a persuasive(persuade) idea and everyone supported him. 同义句转换 5. He couldn’t persuade me into accepting his invitation. →He couldn't persuade me to accept his invitation. 知识点14 get across被传达，被理解，把……讲清楚 【教材原句】And what message does it try to get across? 它想要传达什么信息？ (教材P12) 【拓展】 (1)get sth.across (to sb.) 使(某人)理解/明白某事 get it across (to sb.) that 使(某人)理解/明白…… (2)get about/around 往来各处；(消息等)传开 get away (from) 逃掉，离开，摆脱 get along with sth./sb. 某事进展/与某人相处 get back 回来，恢复 get down to 认真着手处理 get on/off 上车/下车 get out of 下车；脱(衣)；逐渐抛弃(习惯)等；离开 get in 进来；收集；收割；请来 get into 进入；到达；穿上；陷入(困境等) get over 克服(困难)，从病中恢复过来 get through 完成，通过；用完；从人群中通过；接通电话 get together 聚会，联欢；聚集 【写作佳句】Please get in touch with me at your earliest convenience after receiving my letter. 请收到信后尽快和我取得联系。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. It is time for us to get down to our work, or we won't be able to finish it on time. 2. I hope you can get along well with your new classmates. 3. Once you get into a bad habit, it is hard to get out of it. 完成句子 我要重复多少次才能使你了解我的想法呢？ How many times do I have to repeat myself to get my idea across to you? 知识点15 absorb vt. 理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力 【教材原句】We absorb these marketing messages without thinking about them too much, yet they will probably have an effect on us the next time we go shopping. (教材P12) 我们没有多加考虑就记住了这些促销信息，而它们有可能会在我们下次购物时对我们产生影响。 【拓展】 (1)absorb one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 absorb new knowledge/information 掌握新知识/新信息 absorb...into... 把……吸收进/并入…… be absorbed in 专心致志于；全神贯注于 (2)absorption n. 吸收，吸收作用；全神贯注，专心致志；合并；同化 absorbing adj. 非常吸引人的，引人入胜的 [名师点津]be absorbed in sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in...。表示“专心致志于……”的结构还有be lost in, be buried in, be devoted to等。 【写作佳句】The West Lake is worth a visit, where you will be absorbed in the beautiful scenery. 西湖值得一游，在那里你会被美丽的景色吸引。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. When something did interest me, I could become absorbed(absorb) in it. 2. The novel was so absorbing(absorb) that she read on without a break even forgetting food and sleep. 3. The cream is quickly absorbed into the skin. 句式升级 Tom was absorbed in watching the basketball match and he didn't notice his classmate coming up to him. →Absorbed in watching the basketball match, Tom didn't notice his classmate coming up to him.(分词短语作状语) 知识点16 amuse vt. (提供)消遣；逗笑 【教材原句】After lunch the residents and the young volunteers amused themselves with art activities which included Chinese painting and calligraphy. (教材P13)午饭后，居民和青年志愿者们以中国画和书法等艺术活动自娱自乐。 【拓展】 (1)amuse sb./oneself with sth. 以……逗乐某人/自娱 amuse sb./oneself by doing 通过……使某人得到乐趣 (2)amused adj. 愉快的；被逗乐的；觉得好笑的 be amused at/by sth. 对某事感到快乐/被某物逗乐 be amused to do 对做某事感到快乐/好笑 (3)amusing adj. 有趣的；引人发笑的 (4)amusement n. 乐趣，娱乐；消遣 to one's amusement 令某人感到好笑的是 an amusement park 游乐园 find amusement in 发现……的乐趣 【写作佳句】Yesterday we went to the park for amusement. The park provided a lot of amusing performances, which amused the tourists. The children were especially amused at the clown. 昨天我们去公园消遣，那里有很多有趣的表演,逗得游客们发笑。尤其是小丑让孩子们很开心。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. He could amuse us for hours with his stories of the theatre. 2. The man often tells amusing(amuse) stories to make others relaxed. 3. To my amusement(amuse), he couldn't get the door open. 完成句子 4.在等候的时候，他通过数过往的车子来使自己得到乐趣。 While waiting, he amused himself by counting cars that passed. 二、语法清单 过去完成时 【感知·语法规律】 1. By this time, the fire had extended to the 15th floor. 2. There is concern that the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules. 3. By then he had learned very little English. 4. By the age of 25, he had become a publisher. 【精讲·语法知识】 一、过去完成时的含义和结构 . 结构 ①肯定句: 主语+had+动词的过去分词+其他. ②否定句: 主语+had+not+动词的过去分词+其他. ③疑问句: Had+主语+动词的过去分词+其他？ 肯定回答: Yes, 主语+had. 否定回答: No, 主语+hadn't. ④特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词或词组+had+主语+动词的过去分词+其他？ ⑤被动语态: 主语+had (not) +been+动词的过去分词+其他. 用法 1. 表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。强调对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或结果。常用的时间状语有: by+过去时间点，by the end of + 过去的时间点或 before + 过去的时间点；也可用一个时间状语从句或通过上下文来表示。 2. 表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for，since构成的时间状语连用。 3. 叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。 4. 过去完成时在从句中的用法 (1)在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 (2)过去完成时常常用在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。 (3)状语从句: 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。如when，before，after，as soon as，till/until引导的复合句。 [名师点津] (1)如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before和after的复合句中，因为从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。 (2)by the time引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词为过去时，主句用过去完成时；若该时间状语从句为一般现在时，则主句用将来完成时。 5. 动词think，want，hope，mean，plan，intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。 6. 过去完成时还可用在hardly...when...，no sooner...than...，It was the first (second...) time (that)...等固定句型中。 [名师点津]hardly...when.../no sooner...than...句型使用时有两点需要注意: (1)hardly...when.../no sooner...than...句型中，hardly或no sooner部分的谓语用过去完成时，而when或than部分的谓语用一般过去时。 (2)hardly...when.../no sooner...than...句型中，当hardly或no sooner放于句首时，该部分的主谓结构用部分倒装，而when或than部分仍用正常语序。 【易混辨析】过去完成时与现在完成时、一般过去时的区别 1. 过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，以now的时间为基点，但侧重对now产生的结果或造成的影响；过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，以过去时间为基点，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。 2. 过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”，一般不单独使用，而是和一般过去时一起使用；而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间发生的事，可以单独使用。 【经典练】　 一、单句语法填空 1．It was the first time that he (visit) the Disneyland in Shanghai. 【答案】had visited 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是他第一次参观上海的迪士尼乐园。固定句型It was the first time that...，意为“这是第一次……”，that从句中时态应为过去完成时had done。故填had visited。 2．We (mean) to be early, but the rain prevented us from coming in time. 【答案】had meant 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我们本打算早点来，但雨阻止了我们及时到达。“打算早点来”这一动作发生在“雨阻止我们”之前，“prevented”是一般过去时，因此“打算”属于过去的过去，应用过去完成时，其结构为“had +过去分词”，mean的过去分词是meant，had meant to do sth表示“本打算做某事（却没做成）”，符合语境。故填had meant。 3．I realized that I (lose) my way in the forest. 【答案】had lost 【详解】考查时态。句意：我意识到我在森林里迷路了。“迷路”这一动作发生在“意识到”之前，“意识到”使用了过去时realized，所以lose是过去的过去，应用过去完成时。故填had lost。 4．Hardly I (enter) the dark room when I saw a man standing in front of me. 【答案】 had entered 【详解】考查倒装句和动词时态。句意：我一进入那个黑暗的房间，就看到一个男人站在我面前。第一空和第二空构成固定句型“Hardly had sb. done...when...”，意为“一……就……”，主句用过去完成时且要部分倒装，所以第一空填had，第二空填过去分词entered。故填①had②entered。 二、完成句子 5．战后，一所新学校在以前的剧院处建成。(状语从句) After the war, a new s school building was put up . 【答案】where there had once been a theatre 【详解】考查状语从句。空处表示“在以前的剧院处”，表示“在……处”用where引导地点状语从句，表示“以前的剧院处”可用there be句型，且表示过去的过去，故用过去完成时，翻译为there had once been a theatre。故填where there had once been a theatre。 6．海伦把钥匙留在办公室，所以她不得不等到丈夫回家。 Helen so she had to wait until her husband came home. 【答案】had left her keys in the office 【详解】考查动词短语及时态。中英文句子对比可知，空处应填“把钥匙留在办公室”，“把……留在某地”应用动词短语leave sth. in/at some place；该句描述的是过去发生的事情，且leave这个动作发生在had to wait之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，其结构为“had + 过去分词”，leave的过去分词为left，“钥匙”翻译为her keys，“在办公室”翻译为in the office。故填had left her keys in the office。 7．他们赢得了比赛的消息很快就传遍了整个学校。 The news soon spread over the whole school. 【答案】that they had won the game 【详解】考查同位语从句和时态。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“他们赢得了比赛”，此处“他们赢得了比赛”是对“news(消息)”内容的解释说明，所以空处需用同位语从句；同位语从句句子成分完整，所以空处需用连接词that引导同位语从句；“赢”这一动作发生在“消息传播”之前，“消息传播”用了一般过去时，所以“赢”这一动作需用过去完成时态，其构成是“had+动词的过去分词”，they作从句主语，“win(赢)”的过去分词是won，“比赛”the game作宾语。故填that they had won the game。 8．在更换工作之前，我姐姐已经在那家公司工作了10年。 My elder sister for ten years before she changed her job. 【答案】had worked in the company 【详解】考查动词时态。句中“changed her job”是一般过去时，而“在那家公司工作10年”这个动作发生在“changed her job”之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时，结构为“had + 过去分词”，“在公司工作”表达为work in the company，work的过去分词是worked。故填had worked in the company。 三、写作清单 写一篇关于网络新闻媒体的文章 【点拨·写作技巧】 本单元写作任务是写一篇关于网络新闻媒体的文章。网络新闻媒体是一个新生事物,它的出现既给人们带来了便利,随之而来的也有一些弊端。结合演讲稿的文本特征,就网络新闻媒体这一新生事物的两个方面谈谈个人看法,并展望未来发展趋势。 【积累·写作素材】 (1)首段 ①As we can see, online news media enjoys great popularity among people, especially young people. 正如我们看到的,网络新闻媒体在人们中非常受欢迎,特别是在年轻人中。 ②It is clear that online news media is becoming increasingly popular among Internet users all over the world. 很明显,网络新闻媒体在全世界的互联网用户中越来越受欢迎。 (2)中心段 ①One of the advantages of online news media is that it can satisfy people’s need for relevant information anytime and anywhere. 网络新闻媒体的优势之一就是它能满足人们随时随地了解相关信息的需要。 ②On the one hand, online news media allows people to release news information freely. On the other hand,it provides a whole new platform for people to interact. 一方面,网络新闻媒体允许人们自由发布新闻信息。另一方面,它为人们提供了一个全新的互动平台。 ③Another negative aspect is that it can make false news spread more quickly than any other traditional media. 另一个消极的方面是,它可以使假新闻传播得比任何其他传统媒体更快。 ④Online news media has more advantages over other traditional news media. 网络新闻媒体比其他传统新闻媒体更具优势。 ⑤Compared with traditional news media, online news media has many advantages. 网络新闻媒体与传统新闻媒体相比有很多优势。 ⑥Online news media makes it easy for people to interact with others. 网络新闻媒体使人们与他人的互动变得容易。 (3)尾段 ①With the improvement of people’s understanding of online news media, it will play a more important part in people’s life. 随着人们对网络新闻媒体认识的提高,它将在人们的生活中扮演越来越重要的角色。 ②Online news media will go hand in hand with other forms of news media. 网络新闻媒体将与其他形式的新闻媒体携手并进。 【示例·分步写作】 假设你们学校英语角正在组织一场演讲比赛,主题是网络新闻媒体。请你根据以下提示用英语写一篇演讲稿参加比赛。 1. 网络新闻媒体的现状; 2. 网络新闻媒体的利弊; 3. 预测网络新闻媒体的未来。 注意:1. 词数80左右。 2. 开头已经给出,不计入总词数。 　　Today I am very glad to be here to share with you my ideas of online news media. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第一步：审题谋篇 体裁 说明文-网络新闻媒体 人称 以第三人称为主 时态 一般现在时为主 框架 首段(导语): 介绍网络新闻媒体现状 中间段(主体): 网络新闻媒体的利与弊 尾段(结束语): 预测网络新闻媒体的未来 第二步：要点翻译 词汇翻译 1.转向网络新闻媒体见证 turn to online news media 2.关心 care about 3.允许某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 4.一方面……，另一方面…… on one hand, on the other hand 5. 有效果的 effective 6. 发布 release 7. 互动和交流 interact and communicate 8. 有自身的缺点 have one’s own disadvantage 句子翻译 1. 现在越来越多的人转向网络新闻媒体来了解他们关心的新闻事件。 Now more and more people are turning to online news media for the news events they care about. 2. 网络新闻媒体可以让人们在最短的时间内获得最有效的新闻信息。 Online news media allows people to obtain the most effective news information in the shortest time. 3. 人们可以在网络平台上发布自己的新闻,从而实现彼此之间的互动和交流。 People can release their own news on the online platform to interact and communicate with each other. 4. 但是,网络新闻媒体也有自身的缺点。 However, online news media also has its own disadvantages. 5. 网络媒体的互动的特点使得各种新闻,包括有害的和虚假的新闻可以随时随地发布。 The interactive characteristics of network media make it possible for all kinds of news including harmful and false news to be released anytime and anywhere. (it作形式宾语)  6. 随着人们对网络新闻认识的提高,网络新闻媒体将会向更深层次发展。 Online news media will develop to a deeper level with the improvement of people’s understanding of online news. 7. 这将进一步改变传统的网络新闻观念。 It will further change the traditional concept of online news. 第三步：词句升级 8. 用定语从句连接句6和句7 Online news media will develop to a deeper level with the improvement of people’s understanding of online news, which will further change the traditional concept of online news. 第四步：连句成篇 Today I am very glad to be here to share with you my ideas of online news media. Now more and more people are turning to online news media for the news events they care about. On the one hand, online news media allows people to obtain the most effective news information in the shortest time. On the other hand, people can release their own news on the online platform to interact and communicate with each other. However, there are also disadvantages. One of the problems is that the interactive characteristics of network media allow all kinds of news including harmful and false news to be released anytime and anywhere. I think online news media will develop to a deeper level with the improvement of people’s understanding of online news, which will further change the traditional concept of online news. That’s all. Thank you for listening. ( 17 / 20 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 The mass media 单词 1. ________ adj. 批评的，批判性的；关键的；危急的→________ n. 批评家；评论家；评论员→________ adv. 批判性地→________ n. 批评，指责→________ vt. 批评，批判 2. ________ vt. 使落入险境；卡住，绊住 n. 陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼 3. ________ vt. 发布；释放；松开；发泄 n. 释放；发行；排放，泄漏 4. ________ n. 救护车 5. ________ vi. & vt. 延伸(距离)；扩大；延长；伸展→________ n. 扩展；延长→________ adj. 广泛的；广阔的 6. ________ n. 建筑，建造；建造物→________ vt. 建设；修建 7. ________ n. 许多；(一)打；十来个 8. ________ adj. 轻微的，次要的 9. ________ n. 洗澡，洗浴；浴缸，浴盆 10. ________ vi. & vt. 尖叫；高声喊；发出大而尖的声音 n. 尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音 11. ________ vi. (狗)吠叫 vt. 厉声发令 n. (狗)吠声；短促响亮的人声；树皮 12. ________ vt. & vi. (使)窒息；(使)哽咽，(尤指感情激动而)说不出话来 13. ________ n. 香烟 14. ________ n. 地毯；覆盖地面的一层厚东西 15. ________ adj. 自动的；无意识的，不假思索的→________ adv. 无意识地；自动地 16. ________ vt. & vi. 侦查，调查；研究→________ n. 调查；研究 17. ________ n. 新闻记者，新闻工作者→________ n. 新闻业，新闻工作 18. ________ n. 优先事项，首要事情；优先权，重点 19. ________ vt. 相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥→________ adj. 相互矛盾的，对立的，不一致的→________ n. 矛盾 20. ________ adj. 事实的，真实的→________ adv. 真实地→________ n. 事实 21. ________ n. 例子，事例 22. ________ vi. 相异；意见相左→________ adj. 不同的→________ adv. 不同地→________ n. 不同之处 23. ________ n. 结论，推论；结束，结果；签订；达成→________ vt. & vi. 结束；推断出 24. ________ adj. 错误的，不真实的；非天生的；假的，伪造的；不真诚的 25. ________ n. 最小值，最少量 adj. 最低的，最小的 26. ________ n. 最大量，最大限度 adj. 最高的，最多的 27. ________ n. 金额，款项；总和，总数，全部 28. ________ adj. 正确无误的；精确的→________ adv. 精确地；准确地→________ n. 准确(性)；精确(程度) 29. ________ adj. 尽心尽力的→________ n. 承诺，许诺；献身，投入；花费→________ v. 犯(罪)；承诺，忠于(某人) 30. ________ n. 好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品→________ adj. 好奇的→________ adv. 好奇地 31. ________ n. 公民；市民，居民 32. ________ vt. 创建，创办；建立，兴建 33. ________ n. 政治，政治事务；(个人的)政治观点，政见 34. ________ vt. 谴责，控诉 35. ________ n. 税，税款 vt. 对……征税，使纳税 36. ________ vi. 逐步增加 vt. 攀登，爬上 n. 山 37. ________ n. 提高，提升，海拔 38. ________ n. 行业，职业；同行；宣称，声明→________ adj. 专业的；职业的 n. 专业人员 39. ________ n. 戏剧；戏剧性事件 40. ________ n. 奖学金；学术 41. ________ n. 类别，种类 42. ________ adv. 尽管如此 43. ________ vt. & vi. 是发生……的时间(或地点)，见证；目击；作证；是……的迹象 n. 目击者，见证人；证人 44. ________ n. 版本；一份，一期；版次 45. ________ n. 计算机平台；站台，月台；讲台，舞台 46. ________ n. 互动；互相作用 47. ________ n. (统称)会员，会员人数；会员资格 48. ________ n. 图表；海图；(the charts)排行榜 vt. 记录；制订计划；绘制区域地图 49. ________ n. 广播节目，电视节目 vi. & vt. (broadcast, broadcast)播送，广播；散布，传播 50. ________ n. 广告活动，广告业→________ n. 广告，启事；广告活动，广告宣传→________ vt. & vi. 做广告，登广告；公布，征聘；展现，宣传→________ n. 广告商 51. ________ n. 说服，劝说；信仰→________ vt. 说服；使信服→________ adj. 有说服力的 52. ________ n. 途径，渠道；电视台；频道；方法；水渠 53. ________ adj. 高峰时期的，最高度的 n. 顶峰，高峰；山峰；尖端 vi. 达到高峰，达到最高值 54. ________ vt. 使增长，使兴旺 n. 增长，提高；帮助，激励 55. ________ n. 心理，心理特征；心理学→________ adj. 心理的；精神上的；心理学的→________ adv. 心理上地；心理学地 55. ________ vt. 买，购买 n. 购买，采购；购买的东西，购买项目 56. ________ adj. 难忘的，值得纪念的 57. ________ n. 标语，口号 58. ________ n. 茶壶 59. ________ n. 品牌；类型；烙印 60. ________ n. 大使，代表 61. ________ n. 放置；安置 62. ________ n. 收视率；等级，级别 63. ________ vt. 赞助；主办；为慈善活动捐款；资助 n. 赞助商；为慈善活动捐款的人 64. ________ vt. 理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力 65. ________ n. 折扣 vt. 打折出售 66. ________ vt. 专门制作，定做 n. 裁缝 67. ________ n. 住房，住宅 68. ________ n. 住宅区；(通常指农村的)大片私有土地；个人财产，(尤指)遗产 69. ________ 住宅区，住宅群 70. ________ vt. (提供)消遣；逗笑→________ n. 娱乐(活动)；愉悦→________ adj. 有趣的；好笑的→________ adj. 觉得好笑的 短语 1. ________________很多，许多 2. ________________发生 3. ________________例如，比如 4. ________________揭露，披露 5. ________________总结，概括 6. ________________致力于 7. ________________(尺寸和数量上)增加，上升 8. ________________迅速出现，突然兴起 9. ________________被传达，被理解，把……讲清楚 10. ________________(使)增添乐趣；使更艳丽 11. ________________扑灭；出版 12. ________________爆发 13. ________________依靠；依赖 14. ________________以……为例 15. ________________谈及，就……而言 熟词生义 1. It was reported that some miners were trapped underground after the collapse. ________ 2. I felt I had been trapped into accepting the terms of the contract. ________ 3. The only thing the wolf could do was climb up to the ground from the trap. ________ 4. It is cruel to trap birds or wild animals for interests and our government has set laws to protect them. ________ 5. Things in colour can often absorb children’s attention easily. ________ 6. Plants absorb carbon dioxide from the air. ________ 7. I’ve been busy studying and trying to absorb all the new things around me. ________ 8. Most small shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis. ________ 9. We are glad to hear that the famous singer will release his new album next month. ________ 10. Music is a great channel for releasing your emotions. ________ 11. These special courses are tailored to the needs of disabled children. ________ 句型 1. leave＋宾语＋宾补 The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor，spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, ________________________________. 周日晚上的这场火灾被认为起于九楼，并迅速蔓延至整栋大楼，导致九楼以上的人被困。 2. be about to do...when... I ________________ have a bath ________ I heard people screaming and dogs barking. 我正要洗澡，就听到有人尖叫，还有狗在叫。 3. the＋比较级...，the＋比较级... ________________ we like the brand ambassador, ________________ we will be attracted to buy the product. 我们越喜欢这位品牌大使，就越会受其吸引而去购买相关产品。 4. not only...but (also)...倒装句型 ________________ will this make them feel more valued and enable them to see what they are most interested in, ________ it will ________ help companies target their customers more efficiently to have a positive effect on sales. 这不仅会让消费者觉得自己更受重视，还能让他们看到自己最感兴趣的内容，此外也能帮助公司更加有效地锁定目标客户，从而对销售量产生积极影响。 5. It is/was the first/second/...time that... Though ________________ many of the students ________________ a volunteer programme like this，they were eager to share various interesting topics with the residents... 虽然这是许多学生第一次参加这样的志愿者项目，但他们很渴望与住在养老院里的人们分享各种有趣的话题…… 语法 过去完成时 一、词汇清单 知识点1 trap vt. 使落入险境；卡住，绊住 n. 陷阱，罗网；圈套；困境，牢笼 【教材原句】The fire, which is thought to have started from the 8th floor, spread quickly through the tower block on Sunday night, leaving people on the upper floors trapped. (教材P2) 周日晚上的大火被认为是从九楼开始的，很快蔓延到整座公寓大楼，把高楼层的人们困在里面。 【拓展】 (1)fall into/avoid the trap (of doing sth.) 掉进/避开(做某事的)陷阱 set a trap 设下圈套 (2)trap sb. into doing sth. 诱骗某人做某事 become/get/be trapped in 被困在……;陷入…… 特别提醒 be trapped in表示“被困在……”,其同义短语还有:be/get stuck in, be/get caught in, be/get locked in, be/get blocked in等。 【写作佳句】We must keep ourselves from being cheated and falling into a trap. 我们必须防止自己受骗而落入圈套。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. To their horror, they were trapped ________ the burning hotel. 2. The eye-catching advertisements will trap us into ________(buy)more goods. 3. The boy set ________ trap expecting the mice to run into it. 句式升级 4. After they had been trapped in the mine for two days, the miners were finally rescued. →________________, the miners were finally rescued.(过去分词短语作状语) 知识点2 release vt. 发布;释放;松开;发泄n. 释放;发行;排放,泄漏 【教材原句】Fears grew that the number of deaths could reach 5, according to figures released by emergency services. (教材P2) 根据紧急服务部门公布的数据,人们越来越担心死亡人数可能会达到五人。 【拓展】 (1)release sb. /sth. (from. . . ) 把某人/某物(从……)释放/放出/放走 release pressure 释放压力 release a movie/book 发行电影/书 (2)on general release 公开发行 the latest new releases 最新发行的产品 a sense of release 轻松感,解脱感 【写作佳句】It took the rescuers half an hour to release the driver from the car trapped in the heavy snow. 救援人员花了半个小时才把司机从困在大雪中的汽车中解救出来。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. The new novel will be ________ general release next month. 2. ________ sense of release came to me immediately after the exam.   完成句子 3. 把数千只气球放飞到空中看似很浪漫，但这对环境来说很糟糕。 ________________________________seems romantic, but it is really terrible for the environment. 知识点3 extend vi. & vt. 延伸(距离)；扩大；延长；伸展 【教材原句】By this time, the fire had extended to the 15th floor. (教材P2) 截至此时，火势已蔓延到十六楼。 【拓展】 (1)extend (...) into... 扩大或延长(……)到…… extend (sth.) over (使某物)持续或延续到…… extend (sth.) to (使某物)达到或伸展到…… (2)extension n. 延长部分；扩大部分；伸展；伸直；外延；扩展；电话分机 (3)extensive adj. 广阔的；广大的；广泛的；大量的；规模大 【写作佳句】We extend our heartfelt gratitude to all volunteers who helped distribute supplies to the affected communities. 我们向所有帮助向受影响的社区分发物资的志愿者表示衷心的感谢。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Her teaching career extended ________ a period of 35 years and had a good reputation. 2. They have to build an ________(extend) to the hospital as patients are increasing. 3. I have benefited a lot from ________(extend) reading. 完成句子 4.(学校生活)由于天气不好,我们的假期延长了两天。 Our holiday ________________ two days for the bad weather. 知识点4 dozens of很多，许多 【教材原句】The fire has also left dozens of people injured,5 of whom are in a critical condition. (教材P2) 火灾还造成几十人受伤，其中5人伤势严重。 【拓展】 dozen n. 许多；(一)打；十二个 a dozen (of) 一打 by the dozen 成打地;按打计算 in dozens 成打地 half a dozen 半打,六个 [名师点津] (1)dozen可用作量词，前有具体数字时dozen 不加s，of可省略； (2)dozens of中的of不能省去； (3)dozen修饰代词或所修饰的名词前有these/those/the/形容词性物主代词/one's时，dozen 后加of。 【写作佳句】I checked out a half dozen books on Paul Revere from the library. I even read a few of them. 我从图书馆借了六本关于保罗·里维尔的书。我甚至读了一些。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. We should prepare ________(dozen) of chairs as many students will attend the lecture. 2. The eggs in the shop were packed ________ dozens. 3. Only half ________ dozen people turned up at the party. 知识点5 come about发生；改变方向 【教材原句】How do these differences come about? (教材P3) 这些差异是如何产生的呢？ 【拓展】 (1)How does/did it come about that... ……是如何发生的/怎么回事？ (2)come across 偶尔发现；(偶然)遇见；想起 come along 一道来，陪伴；进步，进展；出现 come back 回来；恢复，复原 come down 倒下；降落，下降；跌落；病倒；下(雨、雪) come from 来自，起源于，从……产生，出生(于) come in 进来，进入；流行起来；获得名次 come into being 发生，产生，出现，形成 come into power 开始执政，当权，当选 come into use 开始使用，获得应用 come on 上演；开始；赶快；发展；登台；来吧 come off 从……离开；脱落 come out 出来，传出；(书等)出版；结果是；褪色；(秘密)泄露 come up to 走过来，达到(认可的水平) come up 走近；长出来，发芽；上升；发生；被提出 come up with 想出(主意)，找出(答案) come to 苏醒，复原；共计；达到；归结于 [名师点津]come about为不及物动词短语，只能用主动语态，没有被动语态。 【写作佳句】Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favorite music... 在你步入家门的一刹那，灯会亮起，你最喜爱的音乐随即开始播放…… 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. If you go to the park，you may come ________ the old man who often takes exercise there. 2. We expect the new book of the writer will come ________ soon. 3. Suddenly a stranger came ________ to me and asked how to get to the post office. 完成句子 4.他对事故发生的原因感到困惑。 He felt confused about how the accident________________. 知识点6 contradict vt. 相矛盾，相反；反驳，驳斥 【教材原句】Even if news reports are written from basically the same perspective，they may contradict each other in terms of factual details，as events in the real world are usually complicated and constantly changing. (教材P3) 即使新闻报道的撰写角度基本相同，它们也可能在事实性的细节上相互矛盾，因为现实世界中的事件通常是复杂且不断变化的。 【拓展】 (1)contradict each other 互相矛盾;互相抵触 contradict with 与……相矛盾 contradict oneself 自相矛盾;出尔反尔 (2)contradiction n. 矛盾,不一致,对立 (3)contradictory adj. 矛盾的;反对的;反驳的 【写作佳句】The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite. 这些诗歌可能没有道理，甚至看起来自相矛盾，但是它们容易学习和背诵。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. His public speeches are in direct ________(contradict) to his personal lifestyle. 2. The story is ________(contradict) and has the opposite meaning. 完成句子 3.慌乱中,他不断说出自相矛盾的话来。 In his confusion, he kept ________________. 知识点7 differ vi. 相异；意见相左 【教材原句】For instance, the numbers of deaths differ in the two news reports on the Henderson Tower fire. 例如，在关于亨德森楼火灾的两篇新闻报道中，死亡人数是不同的。 (教材P3) 【拓展】 (1)differ from sb./sth.(in) ... (在……方面)与……不同 differ in sth. 在某方面不同 differ with sb. about/on/over sth. 在……上与某人意见相左 (2)different adj. 不同的；有差别的；各种的 be different from... in sth. 在某方面与……不同 (3)differently adv. 不同地；相异地 (4)difference n. 差异；不同；差额；分歧 make a difference (to) (对……)有影响；(对……)起作用 tell the difference between... and... 区分……与……；辨别……与……的不同 【写作佳句】I hold the firm belief that we can make a great difference if everyone makes a little efforts. 我坚信如果每个人都努力一点，我们将起很大作用。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. I think that the desk in the shop differs ________ the one I have at home. 2. Materials differ ________ the way the threads are woven together. 3. The boy differs ________ his brother ________ where to spend the holiday. 4. My new plan for the coming holiday is ________(differ) from the original one. 完成句子 5. 这款最新的自行车在设计方面不同于早期的自行车。 The latest bicycles ________________ the early ones in design. 知识点8 conclusion n. 结论，推论；结束，结果；签订；达成 【教材原句】When we come across such factual differences, we should not rush to the conclusion that one of the news reports gives false information. (教材P3) 当我们发现这样的事实性差异时，不应该急于下结论，认为其中一篇新闻报道提供了错误的信息。 【拓展】 (1)in conclusion总而言之 (2)conclude v.推断出；结束；达成 conclude that... 推断出…… conclude...with... 与……达成……；以……结束…… conclude sth. from sth./conclude from sth. that... 从……推断出…… 【写作佳句】In conclusion, we should have a good understanding of its advantages and disadvantages. 总之，我们应该对它的优点和缺点有很好的了解。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Our headmaster concluded the sports meet ________ a short summary. 2. ________ conclusion, I would like to thank my parents and teachers who have given me much support and help. 一句多译 3.我从自己的经历中得出结论：患难见真情。 →I ________________________________ a friend in need is a friend indeed. (conclusion) →I ________________________________ a friend in need is a friend indeed. (conclude) 知识点9 committed adj. 尽心尽力的 【教材原句】Though journalists are committed to presenting the truth，it is better to use our own judgement than rely entirely on news reports. (教材P3) 尽管记者致力于呈现真相，我们最好还是运用自己的判断力，而非完全依赖新闻报道。 【拓展】 (1)be committed to致力于 (2)commit vt. 承诺，保证；犯(罪)；花(钱或时间) vi. 全身心投入；忠于 commit a crime/an error 犯罪/做错事 commit oneself承诺，保证，表态 commit oneself on sth. 就某事表态 commit sth. to paper/memory 把某物记在纸上/记忆中 commit...to... 把……送交/交托给…… commit oneself to (doing) sth. 承诺/保证(做)某事 (3)commitment n. 承诺，许诺；献身，投入；花费 [名师点津] (1)commit的基本意思是“做，干”，多用于错误的事、坏事。 (2)be committed to中to为介词，后接名词、代词或动词的­ing形式。 【写作佳句】Lei Feng committed himself to serving the people all his life. 雷锋把他的一生都献给了为人民服务这项事业中。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. The girl was committed ________ the care of her aunt. 2. If you make a ________(commit) that you know without a doubt you can keep，you will build a foundation for many future successes and growth. 句型转换 3. As the man commits himself to education, he is respected by us. →As the man ________________, he is respected by us. 知识点10 curiosity n. 好奇心，求知欲；奇物，珍品 【教材原句】Secondly, you must have a natural curiosity about things that are happening, even though they may appear to be minor matters. (教材P5) 第二，你必须对正在发生的事有天生的好奇心，即使它们可能看上去是些小事。 【拓展】 (1)out of curiosity出于好奇 satisfy/meet/feed sb.'s curiosity 满足某人的好奇心 show curiosity about 表现出对……的好奇 (2)curious adj. 好奇的；奇特的；巧妙的；精细的 be curious about 对……好奇 be curious to do sth. 很想做某事 It is curious that... 很奇怪/奇怪的是…… (3)curiously adv. 好奇地；奇异地 [名师点津] (1)curiosity表示“好奇心”时一般为不可数名词，但表示“珍品；古董；奇异的物或事”时是可数名词。 (2)It is curious that...中that从句常用虚拟语气，即其中的谓语部分用“should (竟然)+动词原形”表示，should可省略。 【写作佳句】I stood behind the door, from where I stared at the guests with curiosity. 我站在门后面，从那里好奇地盯着客人们。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Just to satisfy my ________(curious), how much did you pay for your car? 2. The girls in our class are curious ________(learn) how to operate the machine. 3. The little dog looked at the cat in front of it ________(curious). 完成句子 4.出于好奇,那个男孩急切地打开盒子,想看看里面是什么礼物。 ________________, the boy opened the box anxiously to see what gift was inside. 知识点11 accuse vt. 谴责，控诉 【教材原句】His paper published articles about politics and social issues, accusing government officials of dishonesty and wealthy people of not paying their taxes. (教材P6) 他的报纸刊登关于政治和社会问题的文章，谴责政府官员满口谎言和富人逃税。 【拓展】 (1)accuse sb.of (doing) sth. 谴责/控告某人(做)某事 accuse sb.as ... 控告/指责某人为…… the accused被告 (2)accusation n. 谴责，控诉 [名师点津]accuse与charge都可表示“指责，控诉”，但两者介词搭配不同: accuse sb.of...；charge sb.with...。 【写作佳句】Your neighbours may accuse you of playing the piano at midnight. 你的邻居可能会指责你半夜弹钢琴。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. He accused his company ________ refusing to face facts about the sales. 2. For lack of enough evidence, the ________(accuse) was allowed to go free. 完成句子 3.由于被指控偷钱，这个人被带到了法庭。 →As he ________________, the man was brought to the court. (accuse) →As he ________________, the man was brought to the court. (charge) 知识点12 witness vt. & vi. 是发生……的时间(或地点)，见证；目击；作证；是……的迹象 n. 目击者，见证人；证人 【教材原句】The past decades have witnessed the rapid development of online news media. (教材P8) 过去数十年见证了网络新闻媒体的快速发展。 【拓展】 (1) a witness to/of sth. 某事的目击者 in witness of 作为……的证据 (2) witness sth. 目击/见证某事；为……作证 witness for/against 对……作有利/不利的证明 witness to 对……作证，证明，表明 witness that 证明；表明 witness用法点拨 (1)witness作及物动词,其主语可以是时间或地点,表示“是发生某事的时间或地点”。 (2)“witness to. . . ”中to为介词,其后可跟名词、代词和动名词形式。 【写作佳句】Recent years have witnessed the great changes of my hometown.   近年来我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. Many people are willing to witness ________ the kind boy who helped the old man. 2.As a witness ________ the accident，the young man was questioned by the police. 完成句子 3.从展览会参观人数之多可以看出,人们对现代艺术有浓厚兴趣。 The huge attendance figures for the exhibition ________________ a healthy interest in modern art.   知识点13 persuade vt. 说服；使信服 【教材原句】In other words, it tries to persuade people to buy a product or service. (教材P11) 换言之，它(广告)试图说服人们去购买一种产品或服务。 【拓展】 (1)persuade sb. to do/into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 persuade sb. not to do sth. 说服某人不做某事 persuade sb. out of (doing ) sth. 劝某人放弃做某事 persuade sb./oneself of 使某人相信 try to persuade 试图说服，劝说 (2)persuasion n. 说服，劝说；信仰 persuasive adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的 【易混辨析】persuade/advise persuade 表示“说服,劝说”,强调说服的结果 advise 表示“劝告,建议”,对方不一定接受,强调过程。强调“劝说但不一定有效果” 【写作佳句】However, it will be more interesting if you can persuade your friend to enjoy your interests that he or she has never tried before. 然而，如果你能说服你的朋友享受他/她从未尝试过的你的业余爱好，那将会更有趣。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. I shall persuade him ________(take) the medicine three times a day. 2. How can I persuade you ________ my honesty? 3. His father was reached by their ________(persuade) at last. 4. He raised a ________(persuade) idea and everyone supported him. 同义句转换 5. He couldn’t persuade me into accepting his invitation. →He couldn't ________________ his invitation. 知识点14 get across被传达，被理解，把……讲清楚 【教材原句】And what message does it try to get across? (教材P12) 它想要传达什么信息？ 【拓展】 (1)get sth.across (to sb.) 使(某人)理解/明白某事 get it across (to sb.) that 使(某人)理解/明白…… (2)get about/around 往来各处；(消息等)传开 get away (from) 逃掉，离开，摆脱 get along with sth./sb. 某事进展/与某人相处 get back 回来，恢复 get down to 认真着手处理 get on/off 上车/下车 get out of 下车；脱(衣)；逐渐抛弃(习惯)等；离开 get in 进来；收集；收割；请来 get into 进入；到达；穿上；陷入(困境等) get over 克服(困难)，从病中恢复过来 get through 完成，通过；用完；从人群中通过；接通电话 get together 聚会，联欢；聚集 【写作佳句】Please get in touch with me at your earliest convenience after receiving my letter. 请收到信后尽快和我取得联系。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. It is time for us to get down ________ our work, or we won't be able to finish it on time. 2. I hope you can get along well ________ your new classmates. 3. Once you get ________ a bad habit, it is hard to get ________ of it. 完成句子 我要重复多少次才能使你了解我的想法呢？ How many times do I have to repeat myself to ________________? 知识点15 absorb vt. 理解，掌握；吸收；吸引全部注意力 【教材原句】We absorb these marketing messages without thinking about them too much, yet they will probably have an effect on us the next time we go shopping. (教材P12) 我们没有多加考虑就记住了这些促销信息，而它们有可能会在我们下次购物时对我们产生影响。 【拓展】 (1)absorb one's attention 吸引某人的注意力 absorb new knowledge/information 掌握新知识/新信息 absorb...into... 把……吸收进/并入…… be absorbed in 专心致志于；全神贯注于 (2)absorption n. 吸收，吸收作用；全神贯注，专心致志；合并；同化 absorbing adj. 非常吸引人的，引人入胜的 [名师点津]be absorbed in sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in...。表示“专心致志于……”的结构还有be lost in, be buried in, be devoted to等。 【写作佳句】The West Lake is worth a visit, where you will be absorbed in the beautiful scenery. 西湖值得一游，在那里你会被美丽的景色吸引。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. When something did interest me, I could become ________(absorb) in it. 2. The novel was so ________(absorb) that she read on without a break even forgetting food and sleep. 3. The cream is quickly absorbed ________ the skin. 句式升级 Tom was absorbed in watching the basketball match and he didn't notice his classmate coming up to him. →________________ the basketball match, Tom didn't notice his classmate coming up to him.(分词短语作状语) 知识点16 amuse vt. (提供)消遣；逗笑 【教材原句】After lunch the residents and the young volunteers amused themselves with art activities which included Chinese painting and calligraphy. (教材P13) 午饭后，居民和青年志愿者们以中国画和书法等艺术活动自娱自乐。 【拓展】 (1)amuse sb./oneself with sth. 以……逗乐某人/自娱 amuse sb./oneself by doing 通过……使某人得到乐趣 (2)amused adj. 愉快的；被逗乐的；觉得好笑的 be amused at/by sth. 对某事感到快乐/被某物逗乐 be amused to do 对做某事感到快乐/好笑 (3)amusing adj. 有趣的；引人发笑的 (4)amusement n. 乐趣，娱乐；消遣 to one's amusement 令某人感到好笑的是 an amusement park 游乐园 find amusement in 发现……的乐趣 【写作佳句】Yesterday we went to the park for amusement. The park provided a lot of amusing performances, which amused the tourists. The children were especially amused at the clown. 昨天我们去公园消遣，那里有很多有趣的表演,逗得游客们发笑。尤其是小丑让孩子们很开心。 【经典练】 单句语法填空 1. He could amuse us for hours ________ his stories of the theatre. 2. The man often tells ________(amuse) stories to make others relaxed. 3. To my ________(amuse), he couldn't get the door open. 完成句子 4.在等候的时候，他通过数过往的车子来使自己得到乐趣。 While waiting, he ________________ cars that passed. 二、语法清单 过去完成时 【感知·语法规律】 1. By this time, the fire had extended to the 15th floor. 2. There is concern that the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules. 3. By then he had learned very little English. 4. By the age of 25, he had become a publisher. 【精讲·语法知识】 一、过去完成时的含义和结构 . 结构 ①肯定句: 主语+had+动词的过去分词+其他. ②否定句: 主语+had+not+动词的过去分词+其他. ③疑问句: Had+主语+动词的过去分词+其他？ 肯定回答: Yes, 主语+had. 否定回答: No, 主语+hadn't. ④特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词或词组+had+主语+动词的过去分词+其他？ ⑤被动语态: 主语+had (not) +been+动词的过去分词+其他. 用法 1. 表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。强调对过去的某一点造成的某种影响或结果。常用的时间状语有: by+过去时间点，by the end of + 过去的时间点或 before + 过去的时间点；也可用一个时间状语从句或通过上下文来表示。 2. 表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和for，since构成的时间状语连用。 3. 叙述过去发生的事情，在已叙述了过去发生的事情后，反过来追述或补述以前发生的动作时，常使用过去完成时。 4. 过去完成时在从句中的用法 (1)在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 (2)过去完成时常常用在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词后的宾语从句(或间接引语)中，这时从句中的动作发生在主句表示的过去的动作之前。 (3)状语从句: 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。如when，before，after，as soon as，till/until引导的复合句。 [名师点津] (1)如果两个动作紧接着发生，则常常不用过去完成时，特别是在包含before和after的复合句中，因为从句的动作和主句的动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。 (2)by the time引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词为过去时，主句用过去完成时；若该时间状语从句为一般现在时，则主句用将来完成时。 5. 动词think，want，hope，mean，plan，intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。 6. 过去完成时还可用在hardly...when...，no sooner...than...，It was the first (second...) time (that)...等固定句型中。 [名师点津]hardly...when.../no sooner...than...句型使用时有两点需要注意: (1)hardly...when.../no sooner...than...句型中，hardly或no sooner部分的谓语用过去完成时，而when或than部分的谓语用一般过去时。 (2)hardly...when.../no sooner...than...句型中，当hardly或no sooner放于句首时，该部分的主谓结构用部分倒装，而when或than部分仍用正常语序。 【易混辨析】过去完成时与现在完成时、一般过去时的区别 1. 过去完成时与现在完成时的区别 现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，以now的时间为基点，但侧重对now产生的结果或造成的影响；过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，以过去时间为基点，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。 2. 过去完成时与一般过去时的区别 过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”，一般不单独使用，而是和一般过去时一起使用；而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间发生的事，可以单独使用。 【经典练】　 一、单句语法填空 1．It was the first time that he (visit) the Disneyland in Shanghai. 2．We (mean) to be early, but the rain prevented us from coming in time. 3．I realized that I (lose) my way in the forest. 4．Hardly I (enter) the dark room when I saw a man standing in front of me. 二、完成句子 5．战后，一所新学校在以前的剧院处建成。(状语从句) After the war, a new s school building was put up . 6．海伦把钥匙留在办公室，所以她不得不等到丈夫回家。 Helen so she had to wait until her husband came home. 7．他们赢得了比赛的消息很快就传遍了整个学校。 The news soon spread over the whole school. 8．在更换工作之前，我姐姐已经在那家公司工作了10年。 My elder sister for ten years before she changed her job. 三、写作清单 写一篇关于网络新闻媒体的文章 【点拨·写作技巧】 本单元写作任务是写一篇关于网络新闻媒体的文章。网络新闻媒体是一个新生事物,它的出现既给人们带来了便利,随之而来的也有一些弊端。结合演讲稿的文本特征,就网络新闻媒体这一新生事物的两个方面谈谈个人看法,并展望未来发展趋势。 【积累·写作素材】 (1)首段 ①As we can see, online news media enjoys great popularity among people, especially young people. 正如我们看到的,网络新闻媒体在人们中非常受欢迎,特别是在年轻人中。 ②It is clear that online news media is becoming increasingly popular among Internet users all over the world. 很明显,网络新闻媒体在全世界的互联网用户中越来越受欢迎。 (2)中心段 ①One of the advantages of online news media is that it can satisfy people’s need for relevant information anytime and anywhere. 网络新闻媒体的优势之一就是它能满足人们随时随地了解相关信息的需要。 ②On the one hand, online news media allows people to release news information freely. On the other hand,it provides a whole new platform for people to interact. 一方面,网络新闻媒体允许人们自由发布新闻信息。另一方面,它为人们提供了一个全新的互动平台。 ③Another negative aspect is that it can make false news spread more quickly than any other traditional media. 另一个消极的方面是,它可以使假新闻传播得比任何其他传统媒体更快。 ④Online news media has more advantages over other traditional news media. 网络新闻媒体比其他传统新闻媒体更具优势。 ⑤Compared with traditional news media, online news media has many advantages. 网络新闻媒体与传统新闻媒体相比有很多优势。 ⑥Online news media makes it easy for people to interact with others. 网络新闻媒体使人们与他人的互动变得容易。 (3)尾段 ①With the improvement of people’s understanding of online news media, it will play a more important part in people’s life. 随着人们对网络新闻媒体认识的提高,它将在人们的生活中扮演越来越重要的角色。 ②Online news media will go hand in hand with other forms of news media. 网络新闻媒体将与其他形式的新闻媒体携手并进。 【示例·分步写作】 假设你们学校英语角正在组织一场演讲比赛,主题是网络新闻媒体。请你根据以下提示用英语写一篇演讲稿参加比赛。 1. 网络新闻媒体的现状; 2. 网络新闻媒体的利弊; 3. 预测网络新闻媒体的未来。 注意:1. 词数80左右。 2. 开头已经给出,不计入总词数。 　　Today I am very glad to be here to share with you my ideas of online news media. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 第一步：审题谋篇 体裁 说明文-网络新闻媒体 人称 以第三人称为主 时态 一般现在时为主 框架 首段(导语): 介绍网络新闻媒体现状 中间段(主体): 网络新闻媒体的利与弊 尾段(结束语): 预测网络新闻媒体的未来 第二步：要点翻译 词汇翻译 1.转向网络新闻媒体见证 ________________ 2.关心 ________________ 3.允许某人做某事 ________________ 4.一方面……，另一方面……________________ 5. 有效果的 ________________ 6. 发布 ________________ 7. 互动和交流 ________________ 8. 有自身的缺点 ________________ 句子翻译 1. 现在越来越多的人转向网络新闻媒体来了解他们关心的新闻事件。 ________________________________________________________________ 2. 网络新闻媒体可以让人们在最短的时间内获得最有效的新闻信息。 ________________________________________________________________ 3. 人们可以在网络平台上发布自己的新闻,从而实现彼此之间的互动和交流。 ________________________________________________________________ 4. 但是,网络新闻媒体也有自身的缺点。 ________________________________________________________________ 5. 网络媒体的互动的特点使得各种新闻,包括有害的和虚假的新闻可以随时随地发布。 ________________________________________________________________(it作形式宾语)  6. 随着人们对网络新闻认识的提高,网络新闻媒体将会向更深层次发展。 ________________________________________________________________ 7. 这将进一步改变传统的网络新闻观念。 ________________________________________________________________ 第三步：词句升级 8. 用定语从句连接句6和句7 ________________________________________________________________ 第四步：连句成篇 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ( 3 / 19 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$