Unit 5 Into the wild 进入荒野（话题阅读精练）英语外研版2019必修第一册

Unit 5 Into the wild 进入荒野 话题阅读精练 时文拓展阅读 Protecting the Amazon Rainforest The Amazon Rainforest is one of the Earth’s most biodiverse regions, but deforestation has been severe in recent years. In 2023, the Brazilian government reduced deforestation by 50%, thanks to efforts by environmental organizations and local communities. Environmentalists monitor the rainforest through technology, such as using drones to track illegal logging. Meanwhile, the government re-established the Amazon Fund to support sustainable development projects. For example, encouraging local residents to replace logging with ecotourism and sustainable agriculture. Protecting the rainforest is not only Brazil’s responsibility but a global issue. The rainforest produces 20% of the world’s oxygen and stores vast amounts of carbon dioxide. If no action is taken, half of the rainforest may disappear by 2030. 语篇翻译： 亚马逊雨林是地球上生物多样性最丰富的地区之一，但近年来砍伐问题严重。2023 年，巴西政府采取措施使砍伐量减少 50%，这得益于环保组织和当地社区的努力。 环保人士通过科技手段监测雨林，如使用无人机追踪非法伐木。同时，政府重新设立亚马逊基金，支持可持续发展项目。例如，鼓励当地居民通过生态旅游和可持续农业替代伐木。 保护雨林不仅是巴西的责任，更是全球议题。雨林产生的氧气占全球总量的 20%，并储存大量二氧化碳。若不采取行动，到 2030 年可能有一半雨林消失。 重点词汇： · biodiversity (/ˌbaɪoʊdaɪˈvɜːrsəti/) n. 生物多样性 · deforestation (/ˌdiːˌfɔːrɪˈsteɪʃn/) n. 砍伐森林 · drone (/droʊn/) n. 无人机 · sustainable (/səˈsteɪnəbl/) adj. 可持续的 · carbon dioxide (/ˈkɑːrbən daɪˈɑːksaɪd/) 二氧化碳 长难句分析： The Amazon Rainforest, which produces 20% of the world’s oxygen and stores vast amounts of carbon dioxide, is a critical global resource. 抓标志：“which”（非限制性定语从句连词） 判类型：复合句（主句：The Amazon Rainforest is a critical global resource），包含非限制性定语从句（which 引导） 试翻译：亚马逊雨林产生全球 20% 的氧气并储存大量二氧化碳，是至关重要的全球资源。 高考真题链接 （2023·新课标Ⅱ卷·高考真题D篇）As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being. The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.” Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. “We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. 32．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A．Pocket parks are now popular. B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C．Many cities are overpopulated. D．People enjoy living close to nature. 33．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories? A．To compare different types of park-goers. B．To explain why the park attracts tourists. C．To analyze the main features of the park. D．To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries. 34．What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5? A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature. C．The same nature experience takes different forms. D．The nature language enhances work performance. 35．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A．Language study. B．Environmental conservation. C．Public education. D．Intercultural communication. 1. “They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.” 抓标志：省略的关系代词（修饰 “interaction” 的定语从句中省略了 that/which） 判类型：主句为 “They surveyed several hundred park-goers”；“asking them to submit...” 为现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中 “a written summary... of a meaningful interaction” 为 “submit” 的宾语，“they had with nature in the park” 为定语从句修饰 “interaction”。 试翻译：他们调查了数百名公园游客，要求他们在网上提交一份书面总结，描述自己在公园里与大自然的一次有意义的互动。 2. “Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.” 抓标志：关系代词 “which”“that” 判类型：主句为 “Naming each nature experience creates a usable language”（动名词短语 “Naming each nature experience” 作主语）；“which helps people... to them” 为非限制性定语从句，指代先行词 “a usable language”；该从句中嵌套 “that are most satisfying... to them” 定语从句，修饰 “activities”。 试翻译：为每种自然体验命名能创造一种可用的 “语言”，这有助于人们识别并参与那些对他们来说最令人满意、最有意义的活动。 access to：获得；接触 pocket park：袖珍公园 park-goer：公园游客 written summary：书面总结 meaningful interaction：有意义的互动 domestic form：居家形式 senior author：资深作者 综合实战演练 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·辽宁抚顺·期末）In 2018, marine biologist Sarah was studying the Great Barrier Reef when she found a sea turtle trapped in fishing nets. Its flippers were tangled, and its shell was covered in barnacles. Using a dive knife, she freed the turtle and named it Leo. Surprisingly, Leo didn’t swim away. It circled her, touched her hand, and stayed nearby. Over weeks, their relationship grew. Leo retuned regularly, allowing Sarah to clean its shell and responding to her underwater whistles. “If I blow a high trill,” she said, “Leo surfaces immediately. Sometimes it even brought seagrass as a ‘gift’—a playful gesture we hadn’t seen in any other turtle.” Leo’s trust in humans wasn’t seen before. While others avoided people, Leo swam alongside Sarah during research. It even brought smaller turtles to her for cleaning, earning the nickname “Leo’s appointments.” One day, during a particularly challenging dive, the team struggled to find healthy reef sites. Leo guided them through a coral to a hidden area full of colorful fish and rare species. The team was amazed to see blue parrotfish, neon-yellow clownfish, and branching corals in natural condition. “Leo led us to treasure,” Sarah said. “This area had escaped bleaching and pollution, offering exact data for conservation efforts.” Their relationship challenged scientific assumptions. “Leo isn’t just a subject,” Sarah wrote. “It’s a partner.” During a migration study, Leo swam by her side for an hour, eyes expressing curiosity. It occasionally poked its head out of the water to watch her on the boat. The team now studies Leo’s behavior, believing its presence attracts other marine life. For example, schools of angelfish often followed Leo, creating unique opportunities for observation. “Leo is a symbol of hope,” Sarah says. “In a threatened ocean, trust can grow. Maybe one day, we’ll see more animals like Leo bridging the gap between humans and nature.” 1．Why did Leo approach Sarah initially after being freed? A．To express gratitude. B．To seek further help. C．To warn her of danger. D．To take control. 2．What makes Leo’s behavior unusual? A．Its ability to recognize sounds. B．Its large size in the reef. C．Its habit of eating algae D．Its fear of human presence 3．What can we infer from the story? A．Sarah invented the underwater whistle. B．Leo led the team to a new research area. C．Fishing nets are the main threat to sea turtles. D．Sarah has freed many sea turtles from nets. 4．Which is the most suitable title? A．The Great Barrier Reef: A Hidden Treasure B．The Life of a Marine Biologist C．The Danger of Fishing Nets in Oceans D．An Unlikely Friendship with a Sea Turtle Passage 2 （24-25高一上·湖北荆门·期末）Each spring, migrating birds fill the air with their dawn chorus. This phenomenon does more than just signal seasonal change — it offers scientifically proven benefits for our mental well-being. Social psychologist Cindy Franz explains this connection stems from our human wiring — just as we are biologically wired to form social bonds with other people, we possess an inborn capacity to build meaningful connections with nature, including our feathered companions. A growing body of research demonstrates how birdsong serves as a powerful gateway to nature’s restorative (促进康复的) effects. In a comprehensive 2022 study published in Scientific Reports, researchers tracked over 1,300 participants who documented their environment and emotional state multiple times daily for two weeks. The results revealed that encounters with birds, whether visual or auditory (听觉), provided significant boosts to mental well-being that surpassed the benefits of simply being near green spaces or water features. Remarkably, these positive psychological effects persisted for several hours after each bird encounter. Further evidence comes from another 2022 study in the same journal, where researchers exposed 295 participants to different sound environments. Those who listened to six minutes of birdsong through headphones reported measurable reductions in feelings of depression, anxiety and paranoia (妄想症). In contrast, the group subjected to traffic noise experienced the opposite effect. The study yielded another fascinating discovery: the mental health benefits increased substantially when participants heard multiple bird species singing together compared to just two species. This suggests that biodiversity in birdsong may enhance its therapeutic (治疗的) value. While researchers acknowledge potential limitations like participant bias during COVID-19, the consistent findings highlight birdsong’s unique psychological value. Scientists will continue investigating why varied birdsong delivers greater benefits, but evidence clearly shows it offers universal access to nature’s restorative power, whether in cities or countryside. As research progresses, we may gain deeper understanding of how these ancient natural sounds continue to soothe (抚慰) modern minds. 1．What did the 2022 study with 1,300 participants find about bird encounters? A．They signaled seasonal change. B．They provided only visual benefits. C．They discouraged mental wellbeing. D．They greatly improved mental health. 2．What was a key finding of the study comparing birdsong to traffic noise? A．Both reduced anxiety equally. B．Birdsong increased paranoia slightly. C．Traffic noise worsened emotional states. D．No significant differences were found. 3．What is likely to be the focus of future research? A．Removing the limitations of current studies. B．Developing more birdsong therapy products. C．Comparing difference between birdsong patterns. D．Exploring why birdsong diversity brings benefits. 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Birdsong Benefits Mental Wellbeing B．Birdsong Boosts Psychological Effects C．Birdsong Reduces Anxiety Significantly D．Birdsong Improves Biodiversity Therapy Passage 3 （2025·江苏南京·一模）From an airplane, cars crawling down the highway look like ants. But actual ants — unlike cars — can avoid the stop-and-go traffic. On a driveway with 15 vehicles per mile, one driver tapping their brakes can cause a persistent traffic jam. Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up. Previous research had shown that ants can maintain their flow even at high densities (密度). So what’s their secret? In a recent study published in Transportation Research, researchers recorded ants on trails and used traffic-engineering models to analyze their movement. They found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of 3 to 20 that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another and they don’t speed up to pass others. Human drivers at rush hour hardly tend to follow such rules. “We’re maximizing the interests of individuals. That is why, at a given point, you start to have a traffic jam,” says study co-author Nicola Pugno, who studies solid mechanics at the University of Trento. In his vision of this future, autonomous vehicles would avoid traffic jams by prioritizing constant speeds and headways or by not passing others on the road. Like ants on a trail, which use scent (气味) to control behavior while interacting with one another, the autonomous vehicle network would help cars keep constant speeds while collecting and sharing information. “There is no leader,” but this organization emerges anyway, says Noa Pinter-Wollman, a behavioral scientist at the University of California. And in both ant and vehicle traffic, this type of distributed system can be very strong and changeable. Still, ants can do a lot of things that cars — even self-driving ones — can’t, the researcher points out. Ants can make trails as wide as they like, unlike drivers stuck on highways. Plus, unlike cars, ants don’t crash; they can literally walk over one another. Today’s drivers can learn at least one thing from ants to avoid causing a traffic jam: by leaving room between their car and the one ahead of them, drivers can absorb a wave of braking in dense traffic conditions that would otherwise give rise to a traffic jam with no obvious cause. 1．Which is the contributing factor to ants’ stable traffic at high densities? A．Slow speed. B．Varied trails. C．Sufficient space. D．Strict rules. 2．Which of the following is in line with Nicola Pugno’s opinion? A．Prioritizing interests can lead to inefficient traffic flow. B．Human drivers usually break the traffic rules at rush hour. C．Human drivers will drive more slowly than autonomous vehicles. D．Autonomous vehicles may be programmed to improve traffic situation. 3．What can we learn about autonomous vehicle network? A．It can keep vehicle speed under control. B．It can provide drivers with changeable routes. C．It can form a solid and flexible traffic system. D．It can use scent to communicate with vehicles. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．What ants will do when they face traffic jams. B．How ants may save you from future traffic jams. C．What we can benefit from autonomous vehicles. D．Why we should keep good distances while driving. Passage 4 （24-25高一上·山东威海·期末）One cold autumn afternoon, in a forest outside the tiny village of Hümmel, I went for a walk with the German forester Peter Wohlleben. Wohlleben had been managing the forest for almost three decades, and he had cared for it with unusual gentleness. Each tree is cut individually and removed using horses, rather than heavy machinery, to avoid damaging underground networks of roots and fungi that allow trees to exchange resources and chemical signals. He has created additional income for the forest by leading tours and teaching courses, etc. He has long insisted that people around the world could and should manage their forests likewise. Until a few years ago, virtually no one was listening. To make his views and his know-how widely known, Wohlleben began writing books. However, his first fifteen reached a modest audience. The turning point came in 2015 with his sixteenth book, The Hidden Life of Trees. Inspired by the walking tours like the one that Wohlleben was leading me on, he shifted the tone in this book — from technical writing to a warm, story-like style. He said, “The people I guided through the forest — they were hard trainers. When I talked in a way that wasn’t interesting, they would begin talking with each other.” So he adopted a cheerful and friendly tone — like a kind uncle telling fairy tales, full of warmth and a sense of wonder. And it struck a chord: The Hidden Life of Trees has sold more than a million copies in Germany alone, and more than three million worldwide. Near the end of our walk, Wohlleben showed me a C-shaped stump (树桩). It had been cut down at least fifty years ago, and yet, somehow, it was still alive. The tree’s roots, many of which grew above the soil, were visibly connected to a nearby tree. To Wohlleben, this was proof of the remarkable mutuality of trees — that they will continue caring for nearby trees even after their death. 1．Why does Wohlleben use horses to remove trees? A．To get around easily. B．To keep the old tradition alive. C．To reduce equipment costs. D．To protect underground roots and fungi. 2．What makes The Hidden Life of Trees more popular than Wohlleben’s earlier books? A．It is well advertised. B．It is easy and fun to read. C．It offers scientific knowledge. D．It explores human-nature bond. 3．Which can best replace the underlined “mutuality”? A．Adaptation. B．Growth. C．Connection. D．Lifespan. 4．What might be a suitable title? A．The Secret Language of Trees B．How a Book Changed Forestry C．A Forest Walk with Wohlleben D．Wohlleben and His Forest Message Passage 5 （2025高三上·全国·专题练习）I’m Jes Lefcourt, the director of conservation technology at the Allen Institute for AI in Seattle, Washington. I am interested in the environment and everything related to it. 1 I make use of software to help to protect elephants. My first entry into conservation work was at National Geographic. I learnt how technology can help with practical problems there, such as tracking elephant migration. In 2018, I joined EarthRanger, a technology platform. EarthRanger collects and displays data and combines them with field reports on everything from animal traps to big floods. 2 People can see a map with a real-time look at relevant data, from positions of wildlife to observations from researchers. Before EarthRanger, these data were recorded on paper or spread across databases. 3 I spend a lot of time in the field with our partners, which include more than 400 organizations. I work with teams that track animals, study ecosystems and promote human-wildlife coexistence. One of our partners is Save the Elephants, based in Samburu, Kenya. It reminds you of the importance and urgency of the elephant problem we’re facing. It tracks hundreds of elephants across Africa. 4 In a picture taken last month, I’m at the Save the Elephants headquarters. I’m surrounded by the bones and jaws of elephants that have died from both natural and unnatural causes. It’s a remarkable place to reflect. One elephant dying is a tragedy. 5 Tens of thousands dying is an existential risk. Reducing that risk requires joint actions across many communities, organizations and governments. A．Elephants are in danger. B．It also monitors elephant locations. C．The number of elephants is increasing. D．Measures are needed to prevent more deaths. E．My career path has included software development. F．I am in charge of the platform and cooperate with others. G．The platform has nearly 100 hardware and software data sources. Passage 6 （24-25高一上·海南海口·期末）April 8 is International Rare Animal Protection Day. In China, years of conservation efforts have had positive results. Xu Keyi, a Chinese wildlife photographer, shares her stories and thoughts on protecting rare animals through her photographs. As a child, Xu always dreamed of traveling the world with a camera. Before fully taking a career in wildlife photography, she worked as a journalist after earning her master’s degree from the Chinese University of Hong Kong. During a trip to Antarctica, she witnessed penguin parents fearlessly defending their chicks from intruders. 1 In 2018, Xu made the life-changing decision to leave her job and pursue wildlife photography full-time. Last year, in Yunnan, Xu went through a tough early morning climb up a mountain to take pictures of the endangered Pavo muticus (绿孔雀). After enduring hours of rain and sweltering heat, she finally reached her destination. She remained perfectly still beneath the plants. 2 In the afternoon, when the sun broke out and cast light on the hillside and a male Pavo muticus spread its tail beautifully in the valley, she used her camera to capture the breathtaking beauty. 3 Xu aims to inspire greater awareness and involvement among people regarding wildlife protection through her photography. Too often, individuals fail to recognize the significance of a species until it is on the edge of extinction. 4 We must not allow this to happen again With the release of her photo book showcasing a variety of unknown Chinese wildlife species, Xu hopes to encourage more young people to engage in the conservation efforts. 5 A．All her efforts paid off. B．And it is too late by then C．That trip cost her half of her saving. D．And her camera was set and ready for a perfect shot. E．A good photographer knew how to improve her skills. F．That journey refueled her passion for protecting wildlife G．The rising involvement of youths fills her with optimism. Passage 7 （24-25高一上·辽宁·期末）Last summer, I had a memorable experience with a stray cat that taught me the true meaning of compassion and harmony. One day, while I was taking a walk in the park, I noticed a cat in obvious 1 . It seemed to have been injured and was struggling to move. I couldn’t just walk away; I felt a deep 2 for its well-being and decided to 3 . I carefully approached the cat, speaking 4 to avoid frightening it. It was evident that the cat was in agony, and I could see it was having difficulty 5 . I gently picked it up and 6 it to the nearest vet clinic. The vet 7 the cat and informed me that it had a broken leg, which required immediate treatment. The cost was 8 , but I 9 to do whatever it took to ensure the cat’s recovery. Over the next few weeks, I visited the clinic regularly to check on the cat’s 10 . Each time, I would talk to it, trying to provide comfort. Gradually, the cat began to 11 to my presence and would purr gently when it saw me. It was a small sign of trust, but it meant the world to me. Finally, the day came when the cat was ready to be released. I took it back to the park, hoping it would find its way back to its 12 home. As I set it free, the cat looked at me with what seemed like 13 in its eyes. It was a moment of pure joy and relief. I had fulfilled my duty and made a small but meaningful contribution to the harmony between man and animal. This experience taught me that even the smallest 14 of kindness can have a profound impact. The cat and I had formed a special bond, and I knew that I had made a (n) 15 in its life. It was a lesson in empathy and the importance of caring for all living beings. 1．A．relief B．pain C．generosity D．hesitation 2．A．concern B．annoyance C．embarrassment D．delight 3．A．put aside B．hurry away C．reach out D．carry on 4．A．loudly B．softly C．violently D．frequently 5．A．breathing B．eating C．seeing D．hearing 6．A．brought B．rushed C．arranged D．run 7．A．grabbed B．performed C．rescued D．examined 8．A．affordable B．significant C．worthwhile D．distinguished 9．A．resolved B．adopted C．adjusted D．expected 10．A．behavior B．appearance C．progress D．appetite 11．A．stick B．contribute C．turn D．respond 12．A．temporary B．new C．original D．second 13．A．pride B．fear C．gratitude D．satisfaction 14．A．act B．word C．thought D．movement 15．A．attempt B．similarity C．impression D．difference Passage 8 （24-25高一上·辽宁大连·期末）In my hometown, spring brings the threat of tornadoes (龙卷风). That spring, our family welcomed a cute puppy. I named her Muff because her ears looked like earmuffs (耳套). One afternoon, Muff didn’t come back. Since tornadoes can gather great 1 in the course of an afternoon, I was worried. I searched the town, but there was no 2 of her. She was nowhere to be found. Seeing me in a bad 3 , my husband gently said, “Dogs can always find their way back home.” It was difficult to stay positive, though. With a heavy heart, we took 4 in a room underground during the tornado. Even down there, I could hear the wind howling outside. All I thought was Muff. After the tornado passed, it 5 me how fortunate my family was. The destruction was severe, all in ruins. I kept on 6 myself to see the good side of things. Maybe she was rescued by a(an) 7 stranger and I still 8 hope. Six years later, I 9 to see a dog’s photo on a local rescue website. The dog’s ears looked just like Muff’s, so my family decided to 10 it out. When we reached the animal shelter, I saw a dog with earmuff-like ears. I called out, “Muff? Without 11 , she barked delightedly and showed clear signs of excitement. I held her head, crying, “It’s a(an) 12 to find you back, Muff.” Later we knew she was 13 just days after the tornado. 14 , she survived and so did I. Deep down both of us knew that hope is the light that 15 us through darkness. 1．A．temperature B．strength C．information D．depth 2．A．sign B．signal C．sigh D．symbol 3．A．light B．pace C．mood D．concern 4．A．shelter B．action C．spot D．hide 5．A．turned to B．belonged to C．referred to D．occurred to 6．A．allowing B．reminding C．ordering D．expecting 7．A．warm-hearted B．open-minded C．strong-willed D．well-informed 8．A．helped out B．let down C．held out D．told off 9．A．intended B．failed C．attempted D．happened 10．A．pick B．work C．check D．carry 11．A．permission B．declaration C．interaction D．hesitation 12．A．strategy B．blessing C．duty D．outcome 13．A．claimed B．rescued C．attached D．removed 14．A．Frequently B．Entirely C．Fortunately D．Immediately 15．A．shoots B．flashes C．greets D．guides Passage 9 （2025高一·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 While bustling cities and vibrant college experiences hold their appeal for many, my heart 1 (draw) to the peaceful and breathtaking beauty of the remote mountains. 2 (major) in animal-related studies, I had the opportunity to work as an intern at the Baihe reserve in Sichuan in March 2023. The day I arrived was 3 (memory). It was my first encounter with a special type of monkey 4 (call) the Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkey. Although I had seen them on TV and in books, their appearance still 5 (fascinate) me. I tried to approach and interact with a family of monkeys. After just a few minutes, I felt a deep 6 (connect) between humans and these wild creatures. As time passed, I became familiar 7 the mountainous area. Every day, I climbed for an hour to reach the spot 8 the monkeys rested. I took photos of each one to remember them. Each monkey had its own unique features, but it was challenging to learn and remember all the differences. I made an effort 9 (identify) them by comparing their various characteristics. 10 my time at the reserve was limited, this experience held great value for my academic journey and personal growth. Passage 10 （24-25高一上·山东聊城·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内词的正确形式。 The Chinese nation respects and loves nature and preserves harmony between humanity and nature. 1 5,000-year-old Chinese civilization has an abundance of ideas about nature and environment. The Chinese classic Tao Te Ching 2 (contain)well-known sayings about the laws of nature: Man patterns 3 (he)on the operation of the earth; the earth patterns itself on the operation of heaven; heaven patterns itself on the operation of Dao; Dao patterns itself on 4 is nature. The contemporary Chinese principles follow the laws of nature, and apply bio-measures and farming techniques 5 (restore)the original eco-environment of rivers and address both symptoms and root causes. All of these ideas come 6 the ancient belief that humanity should follow the laws of nature. The ancient Chinese philosophy also talks about the relationship between opening up the source and regulating the flow, 7 between protecting environment and developing the economy. It holds maintaining national (理性的) development and proper use of natural 8 (resource). For centuries, the idea of taking from nature at the proper time and to the proper extent 9 (inspire)Chinese people to address various social problems and achieve harmony between humanity and nature. Traditional ideas are 10 (close) related to our respect of nature today. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 5 Into the wild 进入荒野 话题阅读精练 时文拓展阅读 Protecting the Amazon Rainforest The Amazon Rainforest is one of the Earth’s most biodiverse regions, but deforestation has been severe in recent years. In 2023, the Brazilian government reduced deforestation by 50%, thanks to efforts by environmental organizations and local communities. Environmentalists monitor the rainforest through technology, such as using drones to track illegal logging. Meanwhile, the government re-established the Amazon Fund to support sustainable development projects. For example, encouraging local residents to replace logging with ecotourism and sustainable agriculture. Protecting the rainforest is not only Brazil’s responsibility but a global issue. The rainforest produces 20% of the world’s oxygen and stores vast amounts of carbon dioxide. If no action is taken, half of the rainforest may disappear by 2030. 语篇翻译： 亚马逊雨林是地球上生物多样性最丰富的地区之一，但近年来砍伐问题严重。2023 年，巴西政府采取措施使砍伐量减少 50%，这得益于环保组织和当地社区的努力。 环保人士通过科技手段监测雨林，如使用无人机追踪非法伐木。同时，政府重新设立亚马逊基金，支持可持续发展项目。例如，鼓励当地居民通过生态旅游和可持续农业替代伐木。 保护雨林不仅是巴西的责任，更是全球议题。雨林产生的氧气占全球总量的 20%，并储存大量二氧化碳。若不采取行动，到 2030 年可能有一半雨林消失。 重点词汇： · biodiversity (/ˌbaɪoʊdaɪˈvɜːrsəti/) n. 生物多样性 · deforestation (/ˌdiːˌfɔːrɪˈsteɪʃn/) n. 砍伐森林 · drone (/droʊn/) n. 无人机 · sustainable (/səˈsteɪnəbl/) adj. 可持续的 · carbon dioxide (/ˈkɑːrbən daɪˈɑːksaɪd/) 二氧化碳 长难句分析： The Amazon Rainforest, which produces 20% of the world’s oxygen and stores vast amounts of carbon dioxide, is a critical global resource. 抓标志：“which”（非限制性定语从句连词） 判类型：复合句（主句：The Amazon Rainforest is a critical global resource），包含非限制性定语从句（which 引导） 试翻译：亚马逊雨林产生全球 20% 的氧气并储存大量二氧化碳，是至关重要的全球资源。 高考真题链接 （2023·新课标Ⅱ卷·高考真题D篇）As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being. The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant’s experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves.” Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. “We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. 32．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text? A．Pocket parks are now popular. B．Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C．Many cities are overpopulated. D．People enjoy living close to nature. 33．Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories? A．To compare different types of park-goers. B．To explain why the park attracts tourists. C．To analyze the main features of the park. D．To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries. 34．What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5? A．Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. B．Young people are too busy to interact with nature. C．The same nature experience takes different forms. D．The nature language enhances work performance. 35．What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A．Language study. B．Environmental conservation. C．Public education. D．Intercultural communication. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。城市化让人们越来越难以接触到自然，但一项新研究发现城市中的野生自然对人类健康和幸福感具有重要影响。研究团队对一座大型城市公园的游客进行调查，发现与野生自然的互动可以创造出一种可用的语言，帮助人们认识和参与最令人满意和有意义的活动。该研究呼吁保护城市中的野生自然。 32．B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段内容“As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.(随着城市的飞速发展，生活在城市地区的人们越来越难以接近大自然。如果你幸运的话，你住的地方附近可能会有一个袖珍公园，但在城市里找到相对天然的地方是罕见的)”可知，文章开头作者讲述了一种现象，在城市里，人们很难找到野生的自然。故选B。 33．D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. (他们调查了数百名公园游客，要求他们在网上提交一份书面总结，描述他们在公园里与大自然有意义的互动。然后，研究人员检查了这些提交的信息，将体验分为不同的类别)”可知，研究人员按照公园游客提交的在公园里与大自然互动的活动把游客分类，再根据第四段“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. (在这320份提交的作品中，一种被研究人员称为“自然语言”的分类模式开始出现。在对所有提交的内容进行编码后，有六个类别被认为对游客最重要)”可知，研究人员对参与者提交的内容进行了分类，以便在游客的总结中找到模式，并确定对游客最重要的自然体验。通过这样做，他们能够创造一种“自然语言”，帮助人们认识并参与对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动。选项D准确地反映了这一目的。故选D。 34．C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段内容“Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. (命名每一种自然体验创造了一种可用的语言，这有助于人们认识并参与到对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动中。例如，沿着水边散步的经历可能会让一个年轻的专业人士在周末去公园徒步旅行时感到满意。在工作日回到市中心，他们可以在午休时沿着喷泉散步，享受一种更居家的互动方式)”可知，本段讲述了自然体验创造一种可用的语言，有助于人们识别并参与对自己来说最满意最有意义的活动，接下来以一个年轻的专业人士参与自然的方式举例说明，去公园时沿着水边散步让他感到满意，回到市中心工作时他可以通过沿着喷泉散步获得满足。因此推知，从第五段的例子中我们可以知道一样的自然体验可以呈现不同的形式。故选C。 35．B 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. (“我们正试图创造一种语言，帮助将人类与自然的互动带回我们的日常生活中。要做到这一点，我们还需要保护自然，这样我们才能与它互动，”该研究的资深作者彼得·卡恩说。)”可推断，彼得·卡恩认为在我们与大自然互动之前我们应该先要保护自然。故选B。 1. “They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park.” 抓标志：省略的关系代词（修饰 “interaction” 的定语从句中省略了 that/which） 判类型：主句为 “They surveyed several hundred park-goers”；“asking them to submit...” 为现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中 “a written summary... of a meaningful interaction” 为 “submit” 的宾语，“they had with nature in the park” 为定语从句修饰 “interaction”。 试翻译：他们调查了数百名公园游客，要求他们在网上提交一份书面总结，描述自己在公园里与大自然的一次有意义的互动。 2. “Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them.” 抓标志：关系代词 “which”“that” 判类型：主句为 “Naming each nature experience creates a usable language”（动名词短语 “Naming each nature experience” 作主语）；“which helps people... to them” 为非限制性定语从句，指代先行词 “a usable language”；该从句中嵌套 “that are most satisfying... to them” 定语从句，修饰 “activities”。 试翻译：为每种自然体验命名能创造一种可用的 “语言”，这有助于人们识别并参与那些对他们来说最令人满意、最有意义的活动。 access to：获得；接触 pocket park：袖珍公园 park-goer：公园游客 written summary：书面总结 meaningful interaction：有意义的互动 domestic form：居家形式 senior author：资深作者 综合实战演练 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·辽宁抚顺·期末）In 2018, marine biologist Sarah was studying the Great Barrier Reef when she found a sea turtle trapped in fishing nets. Its flippers were tangled, and its shell was covered in barnacles. Using a dive knife, she freed the turtle and named it Leo. Surprisingly, Leo didn’t swim away. It circled her, touched her hand, and stayed nearby. Over weeks, their relationship grew. Leo retuned regularly, allowing Sarah to clean its shell and responding to her underwater whistles. “If I blow a high trill,” she said, “Leo surfaces immediately. Sometimes it even brought seagrass as a ‘gift’—a playful gesture we hadn’t seen in any other turtle.” Leo’s trust in humans wasn’t seen before. While others avoided people, Leo swam alongside Sarah during research. It even brought smaller turtles to her for cleaning, earning the nickname “Leo’s appointments.” One day, during a particularly challenging dive, the team struggled to find healthy reef sites. Leo guided them through a coral to a hidden area full of colorful fish and rare species. The team was amazed to see blue parrotfish, neon-yellow clownfish, and branching corals in natural condition. “Leo led us to treasure,” Sarah said. “This area had escaped bleaching and pollution, offering exact data for conservation efforts.” Their relationship challenged scientific assumptions. “Leo isn’t just a subject,” Sarah wrote. “It’s a partner.” During a migration study, Leo swam by her side for an hour, eyes expressing curiosity. It occasionally poked its head out of the water to watch her on the boat. The team now studies Leo’s behavior, believing its presence attracts other marine life. For example, schools of angelfish often followed Leo, creating unique opportunities for observation. “Leo is a symbol of hope,” Sarah says. “In a threatened ocean, trust can grow. Maybe one day, we’ll see more animals like Leo bridging the gap between humans and nature.” 1．Why did Leo approach Sarah initially after being freed? A．To express gratitude. B．To seek further help. C．To warn her of danger. D．To take control. 2．What makes Leo’s behavior unusual? A．Its ability to recognize sounds. B．Its large size in the reef. C．Its habit of eating algae D．Its fear of human presence 3．What can we infer from the story? A．Sarah invented the underwater whistle. B．Leo led the team to a new research area. C．Fishing nets are the main threat to sea turtles. D．Sarah has freed many sea turtles from nets. 4．Which is the most suitable title? A．The Great Barrier Reef: A Hidden Treasure B．The Life of a Marine Biologist C．The Danger of Fishing Nets in Oceans D．An Unlikely Friendship with a Sea Turtle 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了2018 年海洋生物学家莎拉解救了海龟里奥，二者建立信任。里奥展现出不寻常行为，还助团队科研，成为人与自然信任的希望象征。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Surprisingly, Leo didn't swim away. It circled her, touched her hand, and stayed nearby. Over weeks, their relationship grew. Leo retuned regularly, allowing Sarah to clean its shell and responding to her underwater whistles. “If I blow a high trill,” she said, “Leo surfaces immediately. Sometimes it even brought seagrass as a ‘gift’—a playful gesture we hadn’t seen in any other turtle.”(令人惊讶的是，里奥并没有游走。它绕着她转，碰了碰她的手，就呆在她身边。几周后，他们的关系发展起来。里奥定期回来，让莎拉清洁它的外壳，并对她的水下哨声做出反应。“如果我吹高颤音，”她说，“里奥马上就会出现。有时它甚至会把海草作为‘礼物’——这是我们在其他海龟身上从未见过的顽皮举动。”)”可知，莎拉用潜水刀解救了被渔网困住的海龟里奥，之后里奥没有游走，而是围绕着她，触摸她的手并待在附近。从常理推断，里奥的这种行为是对莎拉解救它的一种感激之情的表达。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段中““If I blow a high trill,” she said, “Leo surfaces immediately. Sometimes it even brought seagrass as a ‘gift’—a playful gesture we hadn’t seen in any other turtle.”(“如果我吹高颤音，”她说，“里奥马上就会出现。有时它甚至会把海草作为‘礼物’——这是我们在其他海龟身上从未见过的顽皮举动。”)”以及第二段中“Leo’s trust in humans wasn’t seen before. While others avoided people, Leo swam alongside Sarah during research.( 里奥对人类的信任前所未见。当其他动物躲着人的时候，里奥在研究时和萨拉一起游泳)”可知，里奥能够识别莎拉的水下哨声并做出反应，这种对声音的识别能力以及对人类表现出的信任是其他海龟没有的，是不寻常的。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Leo guided them through a coral to a hidden area full of colorful fish and rare species. The team was amazed to see blue parrotfish, neon-yellow clownfish, and branching corals in natural condition. “Leo led us to treasure,” Sarah said. “This area had escaped bleaching and pollution, offering exact data for conservation efforts.”( 里奥带领他们穿过一片珊瑚，来到一个充满五颜六色的鱼和稀有物种的隐藏区域。研究小组惊奇地看到了自然状态下的蓝色鹦嘴鱼、霓虹黄色小丑鱼和分支珊瑚。“里奥带我们去了宝藏，”萨拉说。“这个地区没有白化和污染，为保护工作提供了准确的数据。”)”可知，里奥带领研究团队到了一个隐藏的区域，这个区域充满了各种鱼类和稀有物种，也就是带领团队到了一个新的研究区域。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了海洋生物学家莎拉解救了海龟里奥之后，他们之间建立起了一种不寻常的友谊，里奥信任莎拉，和她一起进行研究等故事。由此可知，D 选项“An Unlikely Friendship with a Sea Turtle(与海龟的一段不可思议的友谊)”适合作为文章的标题。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·湖北荆门·期末）Each spring, migrating birds fill the air with their dawn chorus. This phenomenon does more than just signal seasonal change — it offers scientifically proven benefits for our mental well-being. Social psychologist Cindy Franz explains this connection stems from our human wiring — just as we are biologically wired to form social bonds with other people, we possess an inborn capacity to build meaningful connections with nature, including our feathered companions. A growing body of research demonstrates how birdsong serves as a powerful gateway to nature’s restorative (促进康复的) effects. In a comprehensive 2022 study published in Scientific Reports, researchers tracked over 1,300 participants who documented their environment and emotional state multiple times daily for two weeks. The results revealed that encounters with birds, whether visual or auditory (听觉), provided significant boosts to mental well-being that surpassed the benefits of simply being near green spaces or water features. Remarkably, these positive psychological effects persisted for several hours after each bird encounter. Further evidence comes from another 2022 study in the same journal, where researchers exposed 295 participants to different sound environments. Those who listened to six minutes of birdsong through headphones reported measurable reductions in feelings of depression, anxiety and paranoia (妄想症). In contrast, the group subjected to traffic noise experienced the opposite effect. The study yielded another fascinating discovery: the mental health benefits increased substantially when participants heard multiple bird species singing together compared to just two species. This suggests that biodiversity in birdsong may enhance its therapeutic (治疗的) value. While researchers acknowledge potential limitations like participant bias during COVID-19, the consistent findings highlight birdsong’s unique psychological value. Scientists will continue investigating why varied birdsong delivers greater benefits, but evidence clearly shows it offers universal access to nature’s restorative power, whether in cities or countryside. As research progresses, we may gain deeper understanding of how these ancient natural sounds continue to soothe (抚慰) modern minds. 1．What did the 2022 study with 1,300 participants find about bird encounters? A．They signaled seasonal change. B．They provided only visual benefits. C．They discouraged mental wellbeing. D．They greatly improved mental health. 2．What was a key finding of the study comparing birdsong to traffic noise? A．Both reduced anxiety equally. B．Birdsong increased paranoia slightly. C．Traffic noise worsened emotional states. D．No significant differences were found. 3．What is likely to be the focus of future research? A．Removing the limitations of current studies. B．Developing more birdsong therapy products. C．Comparing difference between birdsong patterns. D．Exploring why birdsong diversity brings benefits. 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Birdsong Benefits Mental Wellbeing B．Birdsong Boosts Psychological Effects C．Birdsong Reduces Anxiety Significantly D．Birdsong Improves Biodiversity Therapy 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学研究证实鸟类鸣叫能显著提升心理健康，且多样性鸣叫疗效更佳，这可能源于人类与自然联结的先天倾向。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In a comprehensive 2022 study published in Scientific Reports , researchers tracked over 1,300 participants who documented their environment and emotional state multiple times daily for two weeks. The results revealed that encounters with birds, whether visual or auditory (听觉), provided significant boosts to mental wellbeing that surpassed the benefits of simply being near green spaces or water features. (在2022年发表在《科学报告》上的一项全面研究中，研究人员追踪了1300多名参与者，他们每天多次记录他们的环境和情绪状态，持续两周。结果显示，与鸟类的接触，无论是视觉上还是听觉上，都能显著促进心理健康，这比仅仅靠近绿色空间或水景的好处要大得多)”可知，该研究发现与鸟类的接触显著改善心理健康。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Those who listened to six minutes of birdsong through headphones reported measurable reductions in feelings of depression, anxiety and paranoia (妄想症). In contrast, the group subjected to traffic noise experienced the opposite effect. (那些通过耳机听六分钟鸟鸣的人报告说，抑郁、焦虑和妄想症的感觉明显减少。相比之下，受到交通噪音影响的那一组则经历了相反的效果)”可知，该对比研究的一个关键发现是交通噪音会让情绪状态恶化。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Scientists will continue investigating why varied birdsong delivers greater benefits, but evidence clearly shows it offers universal access to nature’s restorative power, whether in cities or countryside. (科学家们将继续研究为什么不同的鸟鸣能带来更大的好处，但证据清楚地表明，无论是在城市还是农村，它都能提供普遍的自然恢复能力)”可知，未来研究可能会探索鸟类鸣叫多样性为何带来益处。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Each spring, migrating birds fill the air with their dawn chorus. This phenomenon does more than just signal seasonal change — it offers scientifically proven benefits for our mental wellbeing. (每年春天，候鸟的晨间合唱都会响彻天际。这种现象不仅标志着季节更替——它更能为我们的心理健康带来切实益处)”可知，文章介绍了1300人追踪实验和295人对比实验，两项研究表明鸟类鸣叫对心理健康有持续的积极影响，且多样性鸣叫疗效更佳。因此，A项“鸟类鸣叫有益心理健康”概括了研究的主要发现，最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 Passage 3 （2025·江苏南京·一模）From an airplane, cars crawling down the highway look like ants. But actual ants — unlike cars — can avoid the stop-and-go traffic. On a driveway with 15 vehicles per mile, one driver tapping their brakes can cause a persistent traffic jam. Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up. Previous research had shown that ants can maintain their flow even at high densities (密度). So what’s their secret? In a recent study published in Transportation Research, researchers recorded ants on trails and used traffic-engineering models to analyze their movement. They found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of 3 to 20 that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another and they don’t speed up to pass others. Human drivers at rush hour hardly tend to follow such rules. “We’re maximizing the interests of individuals. That is why, at a given point, you start to have a traffic jam,” says study co-author Nicola Pugno, who studies solid mechanics at the University of Trento. In his vision of this future, autonomous vehicles would avoid traffic jams by prioritizing constant speeds and headways or by not passing others on the road. Like ants on a trail, which use scent (气味) to control behavior while interacting with one another, the autonomous vehicle network would help cars keep constant speeds while collecting and sharing information. “There is no leader,” but this organization emerges anyway, says Noa Pinter-Wollman, a behavioral scientist at the University of California. And in both ant and vehicle traffic, this type of distributed system can be very strong and changeable. Still, ants can do a lot of things that cars — even self-driving ones — can’t, the researcher points out. Ants can make trails as wide as they like, unlike drivers stuck on highways. Plus, unlike cars, ants don’t crash; they can literally walk over one another. Today’s drivers can learn at least one thing from ants to avoid causing a traffic jam: by leaving room between their car and the one ahead of them, drivers can absorb a wave of braking in dense traffic conditions that would otherwise give rise to a traffic jam with no obvious cause. 1．Which is the contributing factor to ants’ stable traffic at high densities? A．Slow speed. B．Varied trails. C．Sufficient space. D．Strict rules. 2．Which of the following is in line with Nicola Pugno’s opinion? A．Prioritizing interests can lead to inefficient traffic flow. B．Human drivers usually break the traffic rules at rush hour. C．Human drivers will drive more slowly than autonomous vehicles. D．Autonomous vehicles may be programmed to improve traffic situation. 3．What can we learn about autonomous vehicle network? A．It can keep vehicle speed under control. B．It can provide drivers with changeable routes. C．It can form a solid and flexible traffic system. D．It can use scent to communicate with vehicles. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．What ants will do when they face traffic jams. B．How ants may save you from future traffic jams. C．What we can benefit from autonomous vehicles. D．Why we should keep good distances while driving. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员通过研究蚂蚁在高密度交通下的行为模式，发现蚂蚁通过保持稳定的行进速度和相互间适当的距离来避免交通堵塞，进而探讨如何将这些策略应用于自动驾驶汽车，以减少或避免交通拥堵。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“They found that the ants don’t jam because they travel in groups of 3 to 20 that move at nearly constant rates while keeping good distances between one another and they don’t speed up to pass others.(他们发现蚂蚁不会堵塞，因为它们以3到20只为一组，以几乎恒定的速度移动，同时彼此之间保持适当的距离，而且它们不会加速超过其他蚂蚁)”可知，蚂蚁在高密度下交通稳定的原因是它们之间保持了足够的空间，而不是慢速、多样的路径或严格的规则。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“In his vision of this future, autonomous vehicles would avoid traffic jams by prioritizing constant speeds and headways or by not passing others on the road.(在他对未来的设想中，自动驾驶汽车将通过优先考虑恒定速度和车距，或者不在路上超车来避免交通堵塞)”可知，Nicola Pugno认为自动驾驶汽车可以通过编程来改善交通状况，即自动驾驶汽车可能被编程以改善交通状况。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Like ants on a trail, which use scent (气味) to control behavior while interacting with one another, the autonomous vehicle network would help cars keep constant speeds while collecting and sharing information. “There is no leader,” but this organization emerges anyway, says Noa Pinter-Wollman, a behavioral scientist at the University of California. And in both ant and vehicle traffic, this type of distributed system can be very strong and changeable.(就像小路上的蚂蚁，它们在相互交流时使用气味来控制行为，自动驾驶汽车网络将帮助汽车保持恒定速度，同时收集和共享信息。加州大学的行为科学家Noa Pinter-Wollman说：“没有领导者，”但这种组织无论如何都会出现。在蚂蚁和车辆交通中，这种分布式系统都非常强大且可变)”可知，自动驾驶汽车网络将帮助汽车保持恒定速度，同时收集和共享信息，这种分布式系统都非常强大且可变，可推理出自动驾驶汽车网络可以形成一个坚固而灵活的交通系统。故选C项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“From an airplane, cars crawling down the highway look like ants. But actual ants — unlike cars — can avoid the stop-and-go traffic. On a driveway with 15 vehicles per mile, one driver tapping their brakes can cause a persistent traffic jam. Researchers are now studying these insects’ cooperative strategies to learn how to program self-driving cars that don’t jam up(从飞机上看，在高速公路上爬行的汽车看起来像蚂蚁。但实际的蚂蚁——与汽车不同——可以避免走走停停的交通。在一条每英里有15辆车的车道上，一个司机踩刹车就能造成持续的交通堵塞。研究人员正在研究这些昆虫的合作策略，以学习如何编程自动驾驶汽车，使其不会堵塞)”和最后一段“Today’s drivers can learn at least one thing from ants to avoid causing a traffic jam: by leaving room between their car and the one ahead of them, drivers can absorb a wave of braking in dense traffic conditions that would otherwise give rise to a traffic jam with no obvious cause(如今的司机至少可以从蚂蚁身上学到一样东西来避免造成交通堵塞：通过在自己车和前车之间留出空间，司机可以在密集的交通状况下吸收一波刹车潮，否则这股刹车潮会在没有明显原因的情况下引发交通堵塞)”可知，文章围绕蚂蚁的交通策略展开，说明其对解决人类交通拥堵的启发，尤其是对自动驾驶汽车的借鉴意义，因此，蚂蚁如何帮你摆脱未来交通拥堵可以概括本文的主题。故选B项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·山东威海·期末）One cold autumn afternoon, in a forest outside the tiny village of Hümmel, I went for a walk with the German forester Peter Wohlleben. Wohlleben had been managing the forest for almost three decades, and he had cared for it with unusual gentleness. Each tree is cut individually and removed using horses, rather than heavy machinery, to avoid damaging underground networks of roots and fungi that allow trees to exchange resources and chemical signals. He has created additional income for the forest by leading tours and teaching courses, etc. He has long insisted that people around the world could and should manage their forests likewise. Until a few years ago, virtually no one was listening. To make his views and his know-how widely known, Wohlleben began writing books. However, his first fifteen reached a modest audience. The turning point came in 2015 with his sixteenth book, The Hidden Life of Trees. Inspired by the walking tours like the one that Wohlleben was leading me on, he shifted the tone in this book — from technical writing to a warm, story-like style. He said, “The people I guided through the forest — they were hard trainers. When I talked in a way that wasn’t interesting, they would begin talking with each other.” So he adopted a cheerful and friendly tone — like a kind uncle telling fairy tales, full of warmth and a sense of wonder. And it struck a chord: The Hidden Life of Trees has sold more than a million copies in Germany alone, and more than three million worldwide. Near the end of our walk, Wohlleben showed me a C-shaped stump (树桩). It had been cut down at least fifty years ago, and yet, somehow, it was still alive. The tree’s roots, many of which grew above the soil, were visibly connected to a nearby tree. To Wohlleben, this was proof of the remarkable mutuality of trees — that they will continue caring for nearby trees even after their death. 1．Why does Wohlleben use horses to remove trees? A．To get around easily. B．To keep the old tradition alive. C．To reduce equipment costs. D．To protect underground roots and fungi. 2．What makes The Hidden Life of Trees more popular than Wohlleben’s earlier books? A．It is well advertised. B．It is easy and fun to read. C．It offers scientific knowledge. D．It explores human-nature bond. 3．Which can best replace the underlined “mutuality”? A．Adaptation. B．Growth. C．Connection. D．Lifespan. 4．What might be a suitable title? A．The Secret Language of Trees B．How a Book Changed Forestry C．A Forest Walk with Wohlleben D．Wohlleben and His Forest Message 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了德国林务员Wohlleben温和地管理着森林，其著作《树木的隐秘生活》以故事体风格走红，书中传递树木间相互关联等信息，传播其森林管理理念。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Each tree is cut individually and removed using horses, rather than heavy machinery, to avoid damaging underground networks of roots and fungi that allow trees to exchange resources and chemical signals.(每棵树都是单独进行砍伐的，并且是用马匹而非重型机械来移除的，这样可以避免破坏地下由根系和菌类构成的网络结构，这些网络结构使得树木能够进行资源交换和化学信号传递)”可知，沃勒莱本用马来移除树木是为了保护地下根系和菌类。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“To make his views and his know-how widely known, Wohlleben began writing books. However, his first fifteen reached a modest audience. The turning point came in 2015 with his sixteenth book, The Hidden Life of Trees. Inspired by the walking tours like the one that Wohlleben was leading me on, he shifted the tone in this book — from technical writing to a warm, story-like style.(为了让更多人了解他的观点和专业知识，沃尔勒本开始撰写书籍。然而，他的前十五本书的读者数量并不多。转折点出现在2015年，他出版了第十六本书《树木的隐秘生活》。受到沃尔勒本带领我进行的徒步旅行活动的启发，他在这本书中改变了风格——从专业的写作风格转变为温暖、类似故事的风格)”以及“So he adopted a cheerful and friendly tone — like a kind uncle telling fairy tales, full of warmth and a sense of wonder.(于是他便采用了欢快且亲切的语气——就像一位慈祥的叔叔在讲童话故事那样，充满了温暖和奇妙的想象)”可知，《树的秘密生活》比沃尔勒本之前的著作更受欢迎的原因是其易于阅读且充满乐趣。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The tree’s roots, many of which grew above the soil, were visibly connected to a nearby tree.(这棵树的根系中有很多部分生长在土壤之上，而且明显与附近的一棵树相连)”可知，文中提到被砍伐的树桩根系与附近树木相连，这体现了树木间的相互关联，“mutuality”在此处指树木间的这种连接关系，故划线词意思是“联系”。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Wohlleben had been managing the forest for almost three decades, and he had cared for it with unusual gentleness.(沃尔勒本管理这片森林已有近三十年之久，他对待这片森林的方式极为温和)”以及第三段“To make his views and his know-how widely known, Wohlleben began writing books. However, his first fifteen reached a modest audience. The turning point came in 2015 with his sixteenth book, The Hidden Life of Trees.(为了让更多人了解他的观点和专业知识，沃尔勒本开始撰写书籍。然而，他的前十五本书的读者数量并不多。转折点出现在2015年，他出版了第十六本书《树木的隐秘生活》)”，结合文章主要说明了德国林务员Wohlleben温和地管理着森林，其著作《树木的隐秘生活》以故事体风格走红，书中传递树木间相互关联等信息，传播其森林管理理念可知，D选项“沃尔勒本和他的森林信息”能概括文章内容，最适合作文章标题。故选D。 Passage 5 （2025高三上·全国·专题练习）I’m Jes Lefcourt, the director of conservation technology at the Allen Institute for AI in Seattle, Washington. I am interested in the environment and everything related to it. 1 I make use of software to help to protect elephants. My first entry into conservation work was at National Geographic. I learnt how technology can help with practical problems there, such as tracking elephant migration. In 2018, I joined EarthRanger, a technology platform. EarthRanger collects and displays data and combines them with field reports on everything from animal traps to big floods. 2 People can see a map with a real-time look at relevant data, from positions of wildlife to observations from researchers. Before EarthRanger, these data were recorded on paper or spread across databases. 3 I spend a lot of time in the field with our partners, which include more than 400 organizations. I work with teams that track animals, study ecosystems and promote human-wildlife coexistence. One of our partners is Save the Elephants, based in Samburu, Kenya. It reminds you of the importance and urgency of the elephant problem we’re facing. It tracks hundreds of elephants across Africa. 4 In a picture taken last month, I’m at the Save the Elephants headquarters. I’m surrounded by the bones and jaws of elephants that have died from both natural and unnatural causes. It’s a remarkable place to reflect. One elephant dying is a tragedy. 5 Tens of thousands dying is an existential risk. Reducing that risk requires joint actions across many communities, organizations and governments. A．Elephants are in danger. B．It also monitors elephant locations. C．The number of elephants is increasing. D．Measures are needed to prevent more deaths. E．My career path has included software development. F．I am in charge of the platform and cooperate with others. G．The platform has nearly 100 hardware and software data sources. 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．F 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了自己通过技术手段，特别是软件和平台的应用，致力于保护大象及促进人类与野生动物和谐共存的工作。 1．上文“I’m Jes Lefcourt, the director of conservation technology at the Allen Institute for AI in Seattle, Washington. I am interested in the environment and everything related to it.(我是Jes Lefcourt，华盛顿州西雅图艾伦人工智能研究所的保护技术主管。我对环境和与之相关的一切都感兴趣)”说明作者对环境和相关领域感兴趣，下文“I make use of software to help to protect elephants.(我利用软件来帮助保护大象)”可知，空处应引出作者的职业背景或经历，与下文利用软件保护大象相衔接。E选项“我的职业道路包括软件开发”符合语境，既承接了上文作者的兴趣，又引出了下文利用软件保护大象的具体工作。故选E。 2．上文“In 2018, I joined EarthRanger, a technology platform. EarthRanger collects and displays data and combines them with field reports on everything from animal traps to big floods.(2018年，我加入了EarthRanger，一个技术平台。EarthRanger收集并展示数据，并将这些数据与从动物陷阱到大洪水等各方面的实地报告相结合)”介绍EarthRanger平台的功能，空处应进一步描述EarthRanger平台的功能或特点。G选项“该平台有近100个硬件和软件数据源”符合语境，具体说明了EarthRanger平台的数据来源，与上文衔接紧密。故选G。 3．下文“I spend a lot of time in the field with our partners, which include more than 400 organizations. I work with teams that track animals, study ecosystems and promote human-wildlife coexistence.(我和我们的合作伙伴在野外度过了很多时间，合作伙伴包括400多个组织。我与跟踪动物、研究生态系统和促进人与野生动物共存的团队合作)”说明作者与400多个组织合作并参与动物追踪、生态研究等工作，空处应引出作者与合作伙伴的工作或合作方式。F选项“我负责这个平台，并与其他人合作”符合语境，明确作者的管理和协作角色，与下文的合作伙伴和团队工作完美衔接。故选F。 4．上文“One of our partners is Save the Elephants, based in Samburu, Kenya. It reminds you of the importance and urgency of the elephant problem we’re facing. It tracks hundreds of elephants across Africa.(我们的一个合作伙伴是位于肯尼亚桑布鲁的拯救大象组织。它提醒我们大象问题的严重性和紧迫性。它追踪了非洲数百头大象的行踪)”说明Save the Elephants组织追踪非洲大象，空处应进一步描述拯救大象组织的工作或成果。B选项“它还监测大象的位置”符合语境，与上文提到的追踪大象行踪相呼应。故选B。 5．上文“In a picture taken last month, I’m at the Save the Elephants headquarters. I’m surrounded by the bones and jaws of elephants that have died from both natural and unnatural causes. It’s a remarkable place to reflect. One elephant dying is a tragedy.(在上个月拍摄的一张照片中，我在拯救大象组织的总部。我周围都是因自然和非自然原因死亡的大象的骨头和下颚。这是一个值得深思的地方。一头大象的死亡是一场悲剧)”说明一头大象的死亡是悲剧，下文“Tens of thousands dying is an existential risk. Reducing that risk requires joint actions across many communities, organizations and governments.(数万头大象的死亡是一个生存风险。降低这一风险需要许多社区、组织和政府的联合行动)”说明数万头死亡是生存危机，减少这种风险需要多方联合行动，空处承上启下，应引出下文提到的数万头大象死亡的风险，并强调采取措施的必要性。D选项“需要采取措施防止更多死亡”符合语境，既承接了上文提到的大象死亡悲剧，又引出了下文提到的降低风险需要联合行动的内容。故选D。 Passage 6 （24-25高一上·海南海口·期末）April 8 is International Rare Animal Protection Day. In China, years of conservation efforts have had positive results. Xu Keyi, a Chinese wildlife photographer, shares her stories and thoughts on protecting rare animals through her photographs. As a child, Xu always dreamed of traveling the world with a camera. Before fully taking a career in wildlife photography, she worked as a journalist after earning her master’s degree from the Chinese University of Hong Kong. During a trip to Antarctica, she witnessed penguin parents fearlessly defending their chicks from intruders. 1 In 2018, Xu made the life-changing decision to leave her job and pursue wildlife photography full-time. Last year, in Yunnan, Xu went through a tough early morning climb up a mountain to take pictures of the endangered Pavo muticus (绿孔雀). After enduring hours of rain and sweltering heat, she finally reached her destination. She remained perfectly still beneath the plants. 2 In the afternoon, when the sun broke out and cast light on the hillside and a male Pavo muticus spread its tail beautifully in the valley, she used her camera to capture the breathtaking beauty. 3 Xu aims to inspire greater awareness and involvement among people regarding wildlife protection through her photography. Too often, individuals fail to recognize the significance of a species until it is on the edge of extinction. 4 We must not allow this to happen again With the release of her photo book showcasing a variety of unknown Chinese wildlife species, Xu hopes to encourage more young people to engage in the conservation efforts. 5 A．All her efforts paid off. B．And it is too late by then C．That trip cost her half of her saving. D．And her camera was set and ready for a perfect shot. E．A good photographer knew how to improve her skills. F．That journey refueled her passion for protecting wildlife G．The rising involvement of youths fills her with optimism. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了中国野生动物摄影师徐可意通过照片分享保护珍稀动物的故事与感悟。 1．上文“During a trip to Antarctica, she witnessed penguin parents fearlessly defending their chicks from intruders.(在南极旅行期间，她目睹了企鹅父母勇敢地保护幼崽免受入侵者的侵害)”说明此次南极之旅激发了徐可意对野生动物保护的热情。空处承接上文，说明此次旅行对她后续选择的影响。所以F项“那次旅行重新点燃了她保护野生动物的热情”符合语境，选项中的That trip指代前文提到的“南极旅行”。故选F。 2．上文“She remained perfectly still beneath the plants.(她在植物下一动不动)”说明她为拍摄绿孔雀做好了准备。空处继续说明她做好了拍摄准备。所以D项“她的相机已经调好，准备拍摄完美的照片”符合语境。故选D。 3．上文“when the sun broke out and cast light on the hillside and a male Pavo muticus spread its tail beautifully in the valley, she used her camera to capture the breathtaking beauty.(当太阳出来，阳光洒在山坡上，一只雄性绿孔雀在山谷中美丽地展开尾巴时，她用相机捕捉到了这令人惊叹的美景)”说明她成功拍摄到了绿孔雀的美丽瞬间。空处总结上文，说明努力有了结果。所以A项“她所有的努力都得到了回报”符合语境。故选A。 4．上文“Too often, individuals fail to recognize the significance of a species until it is on the edge of extinction.(很多时候，人们直到一个物种濒临灭绝才意识到它的重要性)”说明人们往往在物种濒临灭绝时才意识到其重要性。空处进一步说明这种情况的后果。所以B项“但到那时已经太晚了”符合语境。故选B。 5．上文“With the release of her photo book showcasing a variety of unknown Chinese wildlife species, Xu hopes to encourage more young people to engage in the conservation efforts.(随着她的摄影集出版，展示了许多鲜为人知的中国野生动物物种，徐希望鼓励更多的年轻人参与到保护工作中来)”说明徐希望通过摄影集鼓励年轻人参与保护工作。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明年轻人参与保护工作给她带来的积极影响。所以G项“年轻人越来越多的参与让她充满乐观”符合语境，其中选项中的“youths”与前文的“young people”为同义词。故选G。 Passage 7 （24-25高一上·辽宁·期末）Last summer, I had a memorable experience with a stray cat that taught me the true meaning of compassion and harmony. One day, while I was taking a walk in the park, I noticed a cat in obvious 1 . It seemed to have been injured and was struggling to move. I couldn’t just walk away; I felt a deep 2 for its well-being and decided to 3 . I carefully approached the cat, speaking 4 to avoid frightening it. It was evident that the cat was in agony, and I could see it was having difficulty 5 . I gently picked it up and 6 it to the nearest vet clinic. The vet 7 the cat and informed me that it had a broken leg, which required immediate treatment. The cost was 8 , but I 9 to do whatever it took to ensure the cat’s recovery. Over the next few weeks, I visited the clinic regularly to check on the cat’s 10 . Each time, I would talk to it, trying to provide comfort. Gradually, the cat began to 11 to my presence and would purr gently when it saw me. It was a small sign of trust, but it meant the world to me. Finally, the day came when the cat was ready to be released. I took it back to the park, hoping it would find its way back to its 12 home. As I set it free, the cat looked at me with what seemed like 13 in its eyes. It was a moment of pure joy and relief. I had fulfilled my duty and made a small but meaningful contribution to the harmony between man and animal. This experience taught me that even the smallest 14 of kindness can have a profound impact. The cat and I had formed a special bond, and I knew that I had made a (n) 15 in its life. It was a lesson in empathy and the importance of caring for all living beings. 1．A．relief B．pain C．generosity D．hesitation 2．A．concern B．annoyance C．embarrassment D．delight 3．A．put aside B．hurry away C．reach out D．carry on 4．A．loudly B．softly C．violently D．frequently 5．A．breathing B．eating C．seeing D．hearing 6．A．brought B．rushed C．arranged D．run 7．A．grabbed B．performed C．rescued D．examined 8．A．affordable B．significant C．worthwhile D．distinguished 9．A．resolved B．adopted C．adjusted D．expected 10．A．behavior B．appearance C．progress D．appetite 11．A．stick B．contribute C．turn D．respond 12．A．temporary B．new C．original D．second 13．A．pride B．fear C．gratitude D．satisfaction 14．A．act B．word C．thought D．movement 15．A．attempt B．similarity C．impression D．difference 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．C 13．C 14．A 15．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者去年夏天在公园偶遇一只受伤流浪猫后，伸出援手救助它的难忘经历。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我在公园散步时，我注意到一只猫显然很痛苦。A. relief宽慰；B. pain痛苦；C. generosity慷慨；D. hesitation犹豫。根据下文“It seemed to have been injured and was struggling to move”可知，受伤的动物通常处于痛苦中。故选B项。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能就这样走开；我对它的健康深感担忧，决定伸出援手。A. concern担心，忧虑；B. annoyance恼怒；C. embarrassment尴尬；D. delight高兴。根据上文“I couldn’t just walk away; I felt a deep...for its well-being”可知，作者对猫的状况深感担忧。故选A项。 3．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我不能就这样走开；我对它的健康深感担忧，决定伸出援手。A. put aside搁置；B. hurry away匆忙离开；C. reach out伸出援手；D. carry on继续。根据上文“I couldn’t just walk away”可知，上文提到作者无法离开并关心猫的状况，因此接下来应是决定伸出援手。故选C项。 4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我小心翼翼地走近猫，轻声说话，以免吓着它。A. loudly大声地；B. softly轻柔地；C. violently猛烈地；D. frequently频繁地。根据下文“avoid frightening it”可知，作者为了避免吓着猫咪，轻声和它说话。故选B项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：显然，这只猫正处于极度的痛苦中，我能看出它呼吸都很困难。 A. breathing呼吸；B. eating吃；C. seeing看见；D. hearing听见。根据上文“It was evident that the cat was in agony”可知，猫很痛苦，结合常识可知，受伤后痛苦的状态下，应该是呼吸困难。故选A项。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我轻轻抱起它，急忙送往最近的兽医诊所。A. brought带来；B. rushed匆忙送往；C. arranged安排；D. run跑。根据上文“It seemed to have been injured and was struggling to move.”可知，猫伤势严重，因此应是匆忙送往医院。故选B项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：兽医检查了猫咪，告诉我它的腿骨折了，需要立即治疗。A. grabbed抓住；B. performed执行；C. rescued营救；D. examined检查。根据下文“it had a broken leg, which required immediate treatment”可知，兽医的职责是检查伤病。故选D项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：治疗费用相当高昂，但我决心不惜一切代价确保它能康复。A. affordable负担得起的；B. significant相当大的；C. worthwhile值得的；D. distinguished卓越的。转折词“but”表明前后语义对比——费用虽高，但作者仍决定承担。故选B项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：治疗费用相当 高昂，但我决心不惜一切代价确保它能康复。 A. resolved决定，下定决心；B. adopted收养；C. adjusted调整；D. expected期待。根据句中“to do whatever it took to ensure the cat’s recovery.”可知，作者下定决心，不惜一切代价确保猫康复。故选A项。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几周里，我定期去诊所检查猫的康复情况。A. behavior行为；B. appearance外貌；C. progress进展，康复情况；D. appetite食欲。根据上文I visited the clinic regularly”可知，作者定期探望是为了了解康复情况。故选C项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，这只猫开始对我的出现有所回应，看到我时会轻轻发出咕噜声。A. stick粘贴；B. contribute贡献；C. turn转动；D. respond回应，做出反应。根据下文would purr gently when it saw me”可知，猫开始对作者的出现有所回应。故选D项。 12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把它带回公园，希望它能找到回到原来家的路。A. temporary临时的；B. new新的；C. original原来的；D. second第二的。根据上文“I took it back to the park”可知，作者将其送回公园，希望它回到原本的生存环境。故选C项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我放生它时，猫咪看着我，眼神中似乎充满了感激。A. pride骄傲；B. fear恐惧；C. gratitude感激；D. satisfaction满意。根据上文“I gently picked it up and ____6____ it to the nearest vet clinic.”可知，猫被救助后，对作者的情感应是感激。故选C项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这段经历教会我，即使是最微小的善举也能产生深远的影响。A. act行为；B. word字；C. thought想法；D. movement运动。根据上文“I gently picked it up and ____6____ it to the nearest vet clinic.”可知，作者的行为（救助猫）是具体的善举。故选A项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和这只猫建立了一种特殊的联结，我知道我改变了它的生活。A. attempt尝试；B. similarity相似性；C. impression印象；D. difference不同。根据上文“have a profound impact.”可知，此处表示作者的行为对猫咪产生影响，改变了它的生活。make a difference为固定搭配，意为“产生影响”。故选D项。 Passage 8 （24-25高一上·辽宁大连·期末）In my hometown, spring brings the threat of tornadoes (龙卷风). That spring, our family welcomed a cute puppy. I named her Muff because her ears looked like earmuffs (耳套). One afternoon, Muff didn’t come back. Since tornadoes can gather great 1 in the course of an afternoon, I was worried. I searched the town, but there was no 2 of her. She was nowhere to be found. Seeing me in a bad 3 , my husband gently said, “Dogs can always find their way back home.” It was difficult to stay positive, though. With a heavy heart, we took 4 in a room underground during the tornado. Even down there, I could hear the wind howling outside. All I thought was Muff. After the tornado passed, it 5 me how fortunate my family was. The destruction was severe, all in ruins. I kept on 6 myself to see the good side of things. Maybe she was rescued by a(an) 7 stranger and I still 8 hope. Six years later, I 9 to see a dog’s photo on a local rescue website. The dog’s ears looked just like Muff’s, so my family decided to 10 it out. When we reached the animal shelter, I saw a dog with earmuff-like ears. I called out, “Muff? Without 11 , she barked delightedly and showed clear signs of excitement. I held her head, crying, “It’s a(an) 12 to find you back, Muff.” Later we knew she was 13 just days after the tornado. 14 , she survived and so did I. Deep down both of us knew that hope is the light that 15 us through darkness. 1．A．temperature B．strength C．information D．depth 2．A．sign B．signal C．sigh D．symbol 3．A．light B．pace C．mood D．concern 4．A．shelter B．action C．spot D．hide 5．A．turned to B．belonged to C．referred to D．occurred to 6．A．allowing B．reminding C．ordering D．expecting 7．A．warm-hearted B．open-minded C．strong-willed D．well-informed 8．A．helped out B．let down C．held out D．told off 9．A．intended B．failed C．attempted D．happened 10．A．pick B．work C．check D．carry 11．A．permission B．declaration C．interaction D．hesitation 12．A．strategy B．blessing C．duty D．outcome 13．A．claimed B．rescued C．attached D．removed 14．A．Frequently B．Entirely C．Fortunately D．Immediately 15．A．shoots B．flashes C．greets D．guides 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．C 11．D 12．B 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和宠物狗Muff之间的故事，讲述了Muff在龙卷风来袭时走失，而作者在担忧与期待中度过，六年后意外在救援网站发现Muff照片并最终找回它的故事。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，Muff没回来。由于龙卷风在下午的进程中可能会积聚巨大的力量，我忧心忡忡。A. temperature温度；B. strength力量、强度；C. information信息；D. depth深度。根据下文“I was worried”可知，作者忧心忡忡；而再根据常理可知，龙卷风在下午会聚集力量，符合语境中对自然灾害强度增强的描述。故选B。 2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我找遍了全镇，却连她的影子都没见到，哪儿都找不到她。A. sign迹象、踪迹；B. signal信号；C. sigh叹气；D. symbol象征。根据下文“She was nowhere to be found.”可知，作者找遍了全镇也没有发现小狗的踪迹。故选A。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫见我心情低落，温柔地说：“狗总能找到回家的路。” A. light光、轻的；B. pace步伐、节奏；C. mood情绪；D. concern关心、担忧。根据下文“my husband gently said, “Dogs can always find their way back home.””作者丈夫的劝解可推测，此时的作者心情低落。故选C。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：龙卷风来临时，我们怀着沉重的心情躲进了地下的一个房间。A. shelter庇护所、遮蔽；B. action行动；C. spot地点、斑点；D. hide隐藏。根据空后“in a room underground during the tornado.”以及常理可知，作者一家人在龙卷风来临时躲进地下房间。故选A。 5．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：龙卷风过后，我才猛然意识到家人能平安无事是多么幸运。A. turned to转向、求助于；B. belonged to属于；C. referred to指的是、提及；D. occurred to突然想到。根据空后“how fortunate my family was”可知，龙卷风过后，作者突然意识到家人幸存的幸运。故选D。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不断提醒自己要看到事情好的一面。A. allowing允许；B. reminding提醒；C. ordering命令、订购；D. expecting期待。根据空后“myself to see the good side of things.”以及下文“Maybe she was rescued by a(an)  ____7____  stranger”可知，作者一直提醒自己看到好的一面，体现了作者努力保持希望的心态。故选B。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许她被某个热心的陌生人救了，我仍抱有希望。A. warm-hearted热心的；B. open-minded思想开明的；C. strong-willed意志坚强的；D. well-informed消息灵通的。根据空前“Maybe she was rescued”以及常理可知，热心的陌生人可能会救助小狗。故选A。 8．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：也许她被某个热心的陌生人救了，我仍抱有希望。A. helped out帮助解决困难；B. let down使失望、放下；C. held out持有、坚持；D. told off责备、斥责。根据上文“I kept on  ____6____  myself to see the good side of things.”可知，作者不断提醒自己要乐观，由此可知，作者一直保持希望。故选C。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：六年后，我偶然在当地一个救助网站上看到了一张狗的照片。A. intended打算、意图；B. failed失败；C. attempted尝试；D. happened发生、碰巧。根据空后“to see a dog’s photo on a local rescue website”以及六年的时光流逝可知，作者是偶然在网站上看到了一张狗的照片。故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那只狗的耳朵看起来和Muff的一模一样，于是我们一家人决定去核实一下。A. pick挑选、采摘；B. work工作、起作用；C. check检查；D. carry携带、搬运。根据上文“The dog’s ears looked just like Muff’s”以及常理可知，作者看到的狗的耳朵看起来和Muff的一模一样，自然会前去核实。check out核实。故选C。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她立刻欣喜地叫了起来，显然一副兴奋的样子。A. permission允许、许可；B. declaration声明、宣言；C. interaction互动、交往；D. hesitation犹豫。根据下文“she barked delightedly and showed clear signs of excitement.”可推测，Muff听到名字后立刻兴奋回应，由此可推测，Muff听到作者的呼唤会毫不犹豫地回应，体现了Muff对作者的熟悉。故选D。 12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我抱着她的头，哭着说：“Muff，能找回你真是太幸运了。”A. strategy策略、战略；B. blessing福气、恩赐；C. duty责任、义务；D. outcome结果、后果。根据上文内容可知，作者一直挂念着Muff。由此可推测，此刻能找到Muff，作者会有种失而复得的感激，认为能找回Muff是一种福气。故选B。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我们才知道，龙卷风过后没几天她就被救了。A. claimed声称、索赔；B. rescued营救、救援；C. attached附上、连接；D. removed移除、去掉。根据下文“she survived”可知，她在龙卷风后几天被救了。故选B。 14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，她活了下来，我也一样。A. Frequently频繁地、经常地；B. Entirely完全地、彻底地；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Immediately立即、马上。根据下文“she survived and so did I.”可知，作者和小狗都幸存了下来，这是一件幸运的事情。故选C。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们俩内心都清楚，希望是指引我们穿越黑暗的光。A. shoots射击、发芽；B. flashes闪光、闪现；C. greets问候、迎接；D. guides指导、引导。根据上文“hope is the light”可知，作者将希望比作光，那么自然是希望能引导人们走出困境。故选D。 Passage 9 （2025高一·全国·专题练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 While bustling cities and vibrant college experiences hold their appeal for many, my heart 1 (draw) to the peaceful and breathtaking beauty of the remote mountains. 2 (major) in animal-related studies, I had the opportunity to work as an intern at the Baihe reserve in Sichuan in March 2023. The day I arrived was 3 (memory). It was my first encounter with a special type of monkey 4 (call) the Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkey. Although I had seen them on TV and in books, their appearance still 5 (fascinate) me. I tried to approach and interact with a family of monkeys. After just a few minutes, I felt a deep 6 (connect) between humans and these wild creatures. As time passed, I became familiar 7 the mountainous area. Every day, I climbed for an hour to reach the spot 8 the monkeys rested. I took photos of each one to remember them. Each monkey had its own unique features, but it was challenging to learn and remember all the differences. I made an effort 9 (identify) them by comparing their various characteristics. 10 my time at the reserve was limited, this experience held great value for my academic journey and personal growth. 【答案】 1．is drawn 2．Majoring 3．memorable 4．called 5．fascinated 6．connection 7．with 8．where 9．to identify 10．Although/Though/While 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者主修动物相关研究，2023年3月在四川白河保护区实习时，与四川金丝猴接触的经历，以及这段经历对作者学术旅程和个人成长的重要价值。 1．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：虽然繁华的城市和充满活力的大学经历对许多人来说很有吸引力，但我的心却被偏远山区宁静而惊人的美景所吸引。空处需填谓语动词，my heart和draw之间是被动关系，且此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is drawn。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：主修动物相关研究，2023年3月我有机会在四川白河保护区实习。had为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，I和major为主谓关系，需填现在分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Majoring。 3．考查形容词。句意：我到达的那天令人难忘。was为系动词，空处需填形容词作表语，memory的形容词形式是memorable，意为“难忘的”。故填memorable。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：那是我第一次遇到一种特殊的猴子，叫做四川金丝猴。was为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，monkey和call之间是动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填called。 5．考查动词时态。句意：虽然我在电视和书上见过它们，但它们的外表仍然让我着迷。根据从句的had seen可知，主句陈述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时。故填fascinated。 6．考查名词。句意：仅仅几分钟后，我就感受到了人类和这些野生动物之间的深刻联系。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，空处需填名词connection，意为“联系”。故填connection。 7．考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，我对山区变得熟悉起来。be familiar with为固定短语，意为“熟悉……”。故填with。 8．考查定语从句。句意：每天，我都要爬一个小时的山才能到达猴子休息的地方。空处引导定语从句，先行词是spot，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：我努力通过比较它们的各种特征来识别它们。make an effort to do sth.为固定短语，意为“努力做某事”，空处需填动词不定式。故填to identify。 10．考查连词。句意：虽然我在保护区的时间有限，但这段经历对我的学术旅程和个人成长都很有价值。结合句意可知，空处引导让步状语从句，可以使用连词Although/Though/While，意为“虽然，尽管”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Although/Though/While。 Passage 10 （24-25高一上·山东聊城·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内词的正确形式。 The Chinese nation respects and loves nature and preserves harmony between humanity and nature. 1 5,000-year-old Chinese civilization has an abundance of ideas about nature and environment. The Chinese classic Tao Te Ching 2 (contain)well-known sayings about the laws of nature: Man patterns 3 (he)on the operation of the earth; the earth patterns itself on the operation of heaven; heaven patterns itself on the operation of Dao; Dao patterns itself on 4 is nature. The contemporary Chinese principles follow the laws of nature, and apply bio-measures and farming techniques 5 (restore)the original eco-environment of rivers and address both symptoms and root causes. All of these ideas come 6 the ancient belief that humanity should follow the laws of nature. The ancient Chinese philosophy also talks about the relationship between opening up the source and regulating the flow, 7 between protecting environment and developing the economy. It holds maintaining national (理性的) development and proper use of natural 8 (resource). For centuries, the idea of taking from nature at the proper time and to the proper extent 9 (inspire)Chinese people to address various social problems and achieve harmony between humanity and nature. Traditional ideas are 10 (close) related to our respect of nature today. 【答案】 1．The 2．contains 3．himself 4．what 5．to restore 6．from 7．and 8．resources 9．has inspired/has been inspiring 10．closely 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中华民族崇尚自然、追求人与自然和谐，5000年文明有丰富自然环境理念，古代哲学思想与当今尊重自然密切相关。 1．考查冠词。句意：拥有五千年历史的中华文明在关于自然和环境的方面有着丰富的思想理念。此处civilization特指拥有五千年历史的中华文明，用定冠词，首字母大写。故填The。 2．考查时态。句意：中国经典《道德经》中有着关于自然法则的著名论述：人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为The Chinese classic Tao Te Ching，谓语用三单形式。故填contains。 3．考查代词。句意：中国经典《道德经》中有着关于自然法则的著名论述：人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。此处指人“他自己”用反身代词himself。故填himself。 4．考查宾语从句。句意：中国经典《道德经》中有着关于自然法则的著名论述：人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what。故填what。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：当代中国的这些原则遵循自然规律，并运用生物措施和农业技术来恢复河流原有的生态环境，同时解决表面症状和根本问题。短语apply sth. to do sth.表示“运用某物做某事”。故填to restore。 6．考查介词。句意：所有这些观点都源于一种古老的信念，即人类应当遵循自然法则。短语come from表示“来自”。故填from。 7．考查连词。句意：中国古代的哲学思想也探讨了开放源头与调节水流之间的关系，以及保护环境与发展经济之间的关系。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，用连词and。故填and。 8．考查名词的数。句意：它关乎维护国家发展以及合理利用自然资源。表示多种自然资源，用复数形式作宾语。故填resources。 9．考查时态。句意：几个世纪以来，“适时、适度地向自然索取” 这一理念一直激励着中国人民解决各种社会问题，实现人与自然的和谐。这些传统思想与我们当今对自然的尊重密切相关。根据上文For centuries可知可用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，或表示过去的动作持续到现在，还可能持续下去，用现在完成进行时；主语为idea，助动词用has。故填has inspired/has been inspiring。 10．考查副词。句意：几个世纪以来，“适时、适度地向自然索取” 这一理念一直激励着中国人民解决各种社会问题，实现人与自然的和谐。这些传统思想与我们当今对自然的尊重密切相关。修饰形容词related用副词closely。故填closely。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$