第05讲 北师大版2019必修全三册词词形转换+重点短语必刷题库（专项训练）（北京专用）2026年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

第05讲 北师大版必修全三册词汇练透 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01 考查必修一词汇 考向02 考查必修二词汇 考向03 考查必修三词汇 02 核心突破练 03 真题溯源练 考向01 考查必修一词汇 1、 单词拼写50题 1．The school offers a variety of after-school activities, (范围是) from art clubs to science workshops. 【答案】ranging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校提供各种各样的课外活动，范围从艺术俱乐部到科学工作坊。根据汉语提示可知，表示“范围是”应用动词range，range from…to…表示“从……到……范围内变化”；分析句子结构可知，逗号前为完整的句子，句中已有谓语动词offers，且空处与主句之间没有连词，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语a variety of after-school activities与动词range之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词作状语。故填ranging。 2．At the Mid-Autumn Festival, families (团聚) to admire the shining moon. 【答案】gather 【详解】考查动词、时态和主谓一致。句意：中秋节时，家人们团聚在一起赏月。根据汉语提示“团聚”可知，此处应用动词gather。句子描述的是中秋节的传统习俗，为客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语families为复数，谓语动词用原形。故填gather。 3．Making dumplings at New Year's Eve is always an a (事情) with the whole family. 【答案】affair/ffair 【详解】考查名词。句意：在除夕夜包饺子总是需要全家一起参与的活动。根据中英文提示可知用名词affair，作表语，不定冠词提示用单数。故填affair。 4．Eric instantly ran over to his father and w (低语) something into his ear. 【答案】whispered/hispered 【详解】考查动词。句意：埃里克立刻跑到父亲身边，在他耳边低声说了些什么。由于and连接ran和空白处可知，空处要用动词过去式。首字母提示是w，汉语提示是“低语”，故动词whispered符合题意。故填whispered。 5．He had （打算） to take a holiday in America before he came here. 【答案】intended 【详解】查动词时态。句意：在来这里之前，他本打算去美国度假。“打算” 对应的英文单词是 intend。根据句中的 “had” 以及 “before he came here” 可知，此处表示过去的过去打算做某事，应用过去完成时，其结构为 “had + 过去分词”，intend 的过去分词是 intended。故填 intended。 6．Since I'm here, I'd like to try a （有代表性的） dish of this country. 【答案】representative 【详解】考查形容词。句意：既然我来了，我想尝尝这个国家的一道代表性菜肴。根据汉语提示 “有代表性的” 以及空后的名词 “dish” 可知，此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词，“representative” 作为形容词时，意为 “有代表性的”，符合语境。故填 representative。 7．I （联系） my uncle as soon as I went to Beijing. 【答案】contacted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我一到北京就联系了我叔叔。分析句子可知，设空处应填动词作谓语，结合汉语提示 “联系”，应用 contact；根据从句中 “went” 可知，主句时态也应为一般过去时，contact 的过去式是 contacted。故填 contacted。     8．The fear of traveling alone was softened after I made my way through the crowds to catch a bus headed d (往市中心). 【答案】downtown/owntown 【详解】考查副词。句意：当我穿过人群赶上一辆开往市中心的公交车后，独自旅行的恐惧减轻了。此处为副词作状语，修饰动词“headed”，根据汉语提示“往市中心”及首字母“d”可知，应为副词downtown。故填downtown。 9．I was （激励） by him as my example to work harder than ever before. 【答案】inspired 【详解】考查动词的语态。句意：我以他为榜样受到激励，比以往任何时候都更加努力地工作。根据汉语提示 “激励” 可知，对应的英文单词为 inspire。分析句子结构，主语 “I” 与动词 “激励” 之间是被动关系，即 “我被激励”，所以此处应用被动语态，其结构为 “be + 过去分词”。inspire 的过去分词是 inspired，符合语境。故填 inspired。 10． （另外）, a healthy body can give us much energy to face the busy school life. 【答案】Besides/Additionally/Furthermore 【详解】考查副词。句意：另外，健康的身体能给我们很多能量来面对繁忙的学校生活。根据汉语提示 “另外” 可知，此处需要一个副词来连接前后内容，起到补充说明的作用。表示 “另外” 的副词有 Besides、Additionally、Furthermore 等，它们都可以用于句首，修饰整个句子，符合语境。句首单词首字母需大写，故填 Besides/Additionally/Furthermore。 11．I’ve come to accept that whatever (目标) I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 【答案】goals 【详解】考查名词。句意：我已经逐渐明白，无论为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是属于我自己的。根据汉语提示“目标”以及上文whatever，可知应填名词goal，结合下文they可知，应用复数形式goals，在句中作动词set的宾语。故填goals。 12．His (先前的) attempts had been unsuccessful. 【答案】previous 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他先前的尝试都没有成功。根据汉语提示“先前的”可知，此处应填形容词 previous，作定语修饰名词 attempts。故填 previous。 13．I recommend that you talk to your friend about his b . 【答案】behavior/ehavior/behaviour/ehaviour 【详解】考查名词。句意：我建议你和朋友谈谈他的行为。空处作宾语，结合句意和首字母提示可知，behavior/behaviour“行为”符合题意，此处为抽象概念，不可数。故填behavior/behaviour。 14．All Olympic a (运动员) gave an inspiring speech before the start of the games, motivating everyone to do their best. 【答案】athletes/thletes 【详解】考查名词。句意：所有奥运会运动员在赛事开始前发表了鼓舞人心的演讲，激励着每个人全力以赴。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“运动员”应用athlete，为可数名词，且由空前All可知，这里应用复数形式作主语。故填athletes。 15．Hurry up! The boss is running out of his (耐心). 【答案】patience 【详解】考查名词。句意：快点！老板快失去耐心了。本空作介词of的宾语，用名词patience“耐心”，不可数。故填patience。 16．He told me he would leave to ((去)拿来) the tools and asked me to stay where I was. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】fetch 【详解】考查动词。句意：他告诉我他要去取工具，并让我待在原地。根据句意及汉语提示可知，此处使用动词fetch。，空前to是不定式符号，应用动词原形，作目的状语。故填fetch。 17．When I came into the old man’s room, I saw a picture was (悬;挂) on a nail on the wall. 【答案】suspended 【详解】考查动词。句意：当我走进老人的房间时，我看到墙上的一颗钉子上挂着一幅画。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“悬;挂”应用suspend，为动词，且这里应用过去分词与前面was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填suspended。 18．Honesty is a basic p (法则；原则) that should never be compromised in any relationship. 【答案】principle/rinciple 【详解】考查名词。句意：诚实是一个基本原则，在任何关系中都不应该妥协。根据中英文提示可知，principle“法则；原则”，可数名词，由前面的a可知使用名词单数，作表语，故填principle。 19．I have given you s (具体的；明确的) instructions. 【答案】specific/pecific 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我已经向你下达了明确的指示。根据汉语提示和首字母s以及空格后的名词instructions可知，空格处应该用形容词specific作定语，修饰下文的名词。故填specific。 20．He felt an overwhelming (渴望) to return home. 【答案】desire 【详解】考查名词。句意：他感到一种强烈的渴望想要回家。根据汉语提示“渴望”可知，此处为名词desire，作 felt的宾语，不定冠词an修饰，用单数形式。故填desire。 21．You sit here waiting for the call. (同时) I am making some arrangements. 【答案】Meanwhile 【详解】考查副词。句意：你坐在这儿等电话，同时我来做些安排。根据汉语提示“同时”可知，此处应用副词 meanwhile，在句中作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Meanwhile。 22．The company was f (建立，创立) by a new graduate. 【答案】founded/ounded 【详解】考查动词。句意：这家公司是由一名应届毕业生创立的。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母 f 开头且表示 “建立，创立” 含义的动词为 found，且主语 The company 与动词 found 之间是被动关系，此处应使用过去分词形式 founded和was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填 founded。 23．The flight was p (推迟，延误) on account of the bad weather. 【答案】postponed/ostponed 【详解】考查动词。句意：由于天气不好，航班被推迟了。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母 p 开头且表示“推迟，延误”含义的动词为postpone，且主语The flight与动词postpone之间是被动关系，此处应使用过去分词形式postponed和was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填postponed。 24．You need to a the glue evenly on both surfaces to ensure a strong bond. 【答案】apply/pply 【详解】考查动词。句意：你需要在两个表面上均匀地涂抹胶水，以确保粘合牢固。根据首字母a可知，本空用动词apply“涂抹”，位于不定式符号to后，所以空处应填动词原形。故填apply。 25．My friend recommend me a good Italian restaurant in the (市区的) area. 【答案】downtown/urban 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我的朋友向我推荐了市中心一家不错的意大利餐厅。根据汉语提示“市区的”可知，用形容词downtown/urban作定语修饰名词area，故填downtown/urban。 26．He is one of this country’s top (职业的) sportsmen 【答案】professional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是这个国家最顶尖的职业运动员之一。根据汉语提示“职业的”可知，此处为形容词professional，作定语，修饰名词sportsmen。故填professional。 27．At the same time, we all go through (各种各样的) periods when we feel sad or alone. 【答案】various 【详解】考查形容词。句意：与此同时，我们都会经历不同的时期，当我们感到悲伤或孤独。根据汉语意思提示可知，表示“各种各样的”为形容词various作定语修饰periods，满足句意要求。故填various。 28．Festivals have a wide (范围) of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religious, famous figures, and important events. 【答案】range 【详解】考查名词。句意：节日有着广泛的起源，比如一年中的季节、宗教、著名人物和重要事件。根据汉语意思提示可知，表示“范围”为名词range构成“a wide range of”是固定搭配，意为“广泛的；各种各样的”，符合语境。故填 range。 29．People set up a lot of （设备）to celebrate the festivals. 【答案】equipment 【详解】考查名词。句意：人们会搭建很多设备来庆祝节日。空处应用名词，作宾语；根据汉语提示，equipment表示设备，为不可数名词。故填equipment。 30．Though Henry was ill, he was still (有能力的) of writing compositions. 【答案】capable 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：亨利虽然病了，但他仍然能写作文。根据汉语意思提示可知，表示“有能力的”为capable，作表语，be capable of doing sth.，意为“有能力做某事”。故填capable。 31．To be frank, both of them have the qualities and virtues (美德)that are (典型的)of American actors. 【答案】typical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：坦白说，他们二人都具备美国演员特有的品质与美德。空处作表语，结合汉语提示可知，表示“典型的”形容词typical符合题意，be typical of“是……的特点”。故填typical。 32．Moreover, music gave me hope and a sense of (满意). 【答案】satisfaction 【详解】考查名词。句意：此外，音乐给了我希望和一种满足感。空处应用名词，作宾语；satisfaction为不可数名词，表示“满意、满足”，符合句意。故填satisfaction。 33．To my great satisfaction, the boss thought I was completely qualified for the (职位). 【答案】position/post 【详解】考查名词。句意：令我非常满意的是，老板认为我完全胜任这个职位。空处应用名词，作宾语；position/post表示“职位”，符合句意，此处指“我”申请的那个职位，应用单数形式。故填position/post。 34．He rushed to (迎接) her, sweeping his arms wide. 【答案】greet 【详解】考查动词。句意：他张开双臂，快步上前迎接她。根据汉语提示“迎接”可知，空处应用动词greet，不定式符号to后用动词原形。故填greet。 35．The boy was (急切的，热切的) to go to the amusement park with his parents. 【答案】eager 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个男孩急切地想和父母一起去游乐园。根据汉语提示“急切的，热切的”可知，空处应用形容词eager，作表语，“be eager to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“急切的想做某事”。故填eager。 36．This design is (稍微) different from that one. 【答案】slightly 【详解】考查副词。句意：这个设计与那个设计稍微有些不同。根据汉语提示“稍微”可知，此处应用副词slightly，作状语，修饰形容词different。故填slightly。 37．Both buildings were badly a (影响) by the fire. 【答案】affected/ffected 【详解】考查动词。句意：两栋建筑都受到火灾的严重影响。结合中英文提示可知，affect“影响”，动词，应用过去分词和前面的were构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填affected。 38．My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we (拖着身体) ourselves down the mountain towards home. 【答案】dragged 【详解】考查动词。句意：当我们拖着身子下山回家时，我的肌肉酸痛，膝盖颤抖。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。根据汉语提示及句意可知，drag“拖”符合句意。故填dragged。 39．Jack is helpful and it is t of him to devote his spare time to doing voluntary work. 【答案】typical/ypical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：杰克乐于助人，他经常利用业余时间做志愿者工作，这很符合他的一贯作风。空处作表语，结合“Jack is helpful”和首字母提示可推知，形容词typical“一贯的，平常的”符合题意，表示“利用业余时间做志愿者工作符合他的一贯作风”，it is typical of sb. to do sth.为固定句型，表示“做某事是某人的风格”。故填typical。 40．On hearing you achieving success, we’d like to express our sincere c to you. 【答案】congratulations/ongratulations 【详解】考查名词。句意：听到你取得成功，我们想向你表示诚挚的祝贺。此处为名词作宾语，根据首字母提示及语境，此处表示“祝贺”，应为名词congratulation；congratulation常用复数形式congratulations，express one’s sincere congratulations to sb.为固定搭配，意为“向某人表示诚挚的祝贺”，符合句意。故填congratulations。 41．A to protecting the wildlife, we establish many natural reserves. 【答案】Aiming/iming 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护野生动物，我们建立了许多自然保护区。此处为非谓语动词作状语，根据首字母提示及语境，此处表示“旨在，目的是”，应为动词aim；aim与句子主语we之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式aiming，且位于句首首字母需大写，符合句意。故填Aiming。 42．Hearing you got admitted to your dream university, I couldn’t wait to send my (祝贺). 【答案】congratulations 【详解】考查名词。句意：听说你被梦想中的大学录取了，我迫不及待送上我的祝贺。根据提示的汉语，表示“祝贺”为congratulation，常用复数形式，在句中作send的宾语。故填congratulations。 43．The students were (深深吸引) by the scientist’s amazing experiments. 【答案】fascinated 【详解】考查动词和语态。句意：学生们被科学家惊人的实验深深吸引了。“深深吸引”作谓语，用动词fascinate，与主语The students之间是被动关系，用过去分词构成一般过去时的被动语态were fascinated。故填fascinated。 44．The company plans to l (发行) a new line of products next month to attract more customers. 【答案】launch/aunch 【详解】考查动词。句意：该公司计划下个月推出一系列新产品，以吸引更多客户。根据中英文提示可知，此处使用动词launch，固定搭配plan to do sth.“计划做某事”，动词不定式作宾语。故填launch。 45．It took some two hours before the c (人群) was fully dispersed. 【答案】crowd/rowd 【详解】考查名词。句意：大约花了两个小时人群才完全散开。根据首字母和中文提示可知，以字母 c 开头且表示“人群”含义的表达为crowd，因空白处在从句中做主语，结合 was 可知，应用名词单数形式。故填crowd。 46．A committee was (建立) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. 【答案】established 【详解】考查动词。句意：成立了一个委员会，以限制对埃及建筑的破坏，防止文物的损失。表达“建立”用动词establish，和主语committee是被动关系，空处用过去分词和was构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填established。 47．He dealt with the problem in a highly p (专业的) way, which was praised by his boss. 【答案】professional/rofessional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他以非常专业的方式处理了这个问题，这受到了他老板的赞扬。“专业的”修饰名词way，结合首字母提示，用形容词professional作定语。故填professional。 48．It is a common c (风俗) in this region to exchange gifts during the harvest festival. 【答案】custom 【详解】考查名词。句意：在这个地区，丰收节期间交换礼物是一种常见的风俗。“风俗”为“custom”在句中作表语，被不定冠词“a”修饰，用名词单数形式作表语。故填custom。 49．She tried to clean her m (沾满泥的) boots before entering the house, but the mess seemed to spread everywhere. 【答案】muddy/uddy 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她进屋前试图把沾满泥的靴子擦干净，可污渍似乎越擦越到处都是。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“沾满泥的”应用muddy，为形容词，在本句中作定语修饰后面名词。故填muddy。 50．We have always been told to eat more fruit and vegetables, which are rich in vitamins that can help to s our immune system. 【答案】strengthen/trengthen 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们一直被告知要多吃水果和蔬菜，因为它们富含维生素，有助于增强我们的免疫系统。根据单词首字母以及句意可知用动词strengthen，此处为不定式作宾语，故填strengthen。 51．It’s a great film and it (由……主演) a Spanish actor. 【答案】features 【详解】考查动词。句意：这是一部很棒的电影，而且其中有一位西班牙演员主演。根据汉语提示可知用动词feature，作谓语，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用三单形式。故填features。 52．These measures would make a valuable (贡献) towards protecting cultural heritage. 【答案】contribution 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些措施将对保护文化遗产作出宝贵的贡献。根据汉语提示可知应用名词contribution，作宾语，前面有a修饰，应用单数形式，故填contribution。 53．It is important to water your flowers (定期地) to keep them alive. 【答案】regularly 【详解】考查副词。句意：定期给花浇水是保持它们存活的关键。修饰动词water用副词regularly，故填regularly。 54．The villagers were t by the floodwaters and had to be rescued by boat. 【答案】trapped/rapped 【详解】考查动词。句意：村民们被洪水困住了，只好靠船只被救了出来。根据句意和首字母t以及空格前的were可知，空格处应该用动词trap的过去分词形式trapped，构成一般过去时的被动语态。故填trapped。 55．He has a strong (渴望) to travel around the world. 【答案】desire 【详解】考查名词。句意：他强烈渴望环游世界。根据汉语提示“渴望”可知，空格处涉及单词“desire”，意为“渴望”，为可数名词，不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数，作宾语。故填desire。 56．It’s very (便利的) to have a grocery store just a few blocks away from home. 【答案】convenient 【详解】考查形容词。句意：离家几个街区就有一家杂货店，这很方便。根据汉语提示“便利的”可知，空格处应用单词“convenient”，意为“便利的”，为形容词，作表语。故填convenient。 57．Everyone should make a (贡献) to protecting the environment. 【答案】contribution 【详解】考查名词。句意：每个人都应该为保护环境做出贡献。根据汉语提示“贡献”可知，空格处涉及单词“contribution”，意为“贡献”，为可数名词，不定冠词“a”后接可数名词单数，作宾语。故填contribution。 58．After the opening ceremony, students (解散) and straight away they ran happily to those games. 【答案】were dismissed 【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：开幕式结束后，学生们被解散，立刻就高高兴兴地跑向那些比赛项目。根据汉语提示“解散”可知，应填动词dismiss，且此处主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文After the opening ceremony可知，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为students，be动词使用were。故填were dismissed。 59．It has been c (证实) that the meeting will take place next week. 【答案】confirmed/onfirmed 【详解】考查动词。句意：已证实会议将于下周举行。根据句意以及首字母和汉语提示可知，空处应填动词confirm的适当形式，结合空前的has been可知，句子为现在完成时的被动语态，所以空处应填confirm的过去分词confirmed。故填confirmed。 60．He gave a detailed a (描述) of what happened on the memorable night. 【答案】account/ccount 【详解】考查名词。句意：他详细描述了那个难忘之夜所发生的事情。短语give a detailed account of...，表示“详细描述……” 。account在这里作宾语，且有不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填account。 二、单句语填50题 51．The English language was settled by the 19th century two big changes in English happened. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：英语在19世纪得以定型，而也就是在这个时期，英语发生了两大变化。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为 the 19th century，在从句中作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 52．For the adventurous, wild camping is a good way to escape the pressures of the day. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：对于喜欢冒险的人来说，野外露营是摆脱日常压力的好方法。escape from为固定短语，意为“摆脱，逃脱”。故填from。 53．It can be imagined that comparable to the process of building previous scientific models, developing the “computer simulation” metaphor-based model will also be a hugely (reward) exercise. 【答案】rewarding 【详解】考查形容词。句意：可以想象，与以往科学模型的构建过程相比，开发基于“计算机模拟”隐喻的模型也将是一项极具回报的工作。此处修饰名词“exercise”，需用形容词作定语，reward的形容词形式rewarding，意为“有回报的，值得的”，符合语境。故填rewarding。 54．At the thought of going to my new school, I felt a little (fright). 【答案】frightened 【详解】考查形容词。句意：一想到要去新学校，我就感到有点害怕。句中felt为系动词，其后应接形容词作表语，修饰主语I的感受，表示“感到害怕的”，应用frighten的形容词形式frightened。故填frightened。 55．The earthquake which took place last week caused great damage the locals. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意： 上周发生的地震给当地人造成了很大的损失。cause damage to...为固定搭配，意为“对……造成破坏/损失”。故填to。 56．This is why Campbell has set out to raise ( aware ) of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place. 【答案】awareness 【详解】考查名词。句意：这就是坎贝尔如今着手提高人们对人工智能及其未来的认知的原因——距离预计这些发展发生还有几十年时间。所给词“aware”是形容词，意为“意识到的”，而空格前为及物动词“raise”，需要接名词作宾语。“aware”的名词形式是 “awareness”，意为“意识”，“raise awareness of”是固定搭配，意为“提高……的意识”。故填awareness。 57．I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond (recognise). 【答案】recognition 【详解】考查名词。句意：自从Sara还是个小女孩的时候我就没见过她了，她变得认不出来了。根据空前beyond可知，空处需用名词作介词beyond的宾语；recognise的名词形式是recognition，beyond recognition是固定短语，意为“认不出来”。故填recognition。 58．The determined to the lonely island in the Pacific Ocean in order to write his new story about . (explore) 【答案】 explorer explore exploration 【详解】考查名词和动词。句意：这位探险家决心前往太平洋上那座荒凉的岛屿进行探索，以便撰写他关于探险的新故事。第一空作主语，表示“探险家”用名词explorer，为特指用单数；第二空表示“探索”用动词explore，且上文为短语determine to do sth.，所以动词使用原形形式；第三空作介词的宾语，表示“探险”，用名词exploration，不可数。故填①explorer；②explore；③exploration。 59．They have declared to end (race) prejudice in areas such as employment. 【答案】racial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们已宣布要在就业等领域消除种族歧视。修饰名词prejudice用形容词racial，作定语。故填racial。 60．There are many ways to rest; one is a (peace)rest. 【答案】peaceful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：休息的方式有很多种，其中一种是平静的休息。根据空前冠词a 和空后的名词rest可知空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词“rest”，peace“平静”其形容词形式为peaceful“平静的”，故填 peaceful。 61．The fast economic development before 2016 was probably the most (power) engine driving the constant growth in the box-office income. 【答案】powerful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：2016年前的快速经济发展很可能是推动票房持续增长的最强动力。修饰名词engine用提示词的形容词形式powerful“强劲的”，符合题意。故填powerful。 62．The (argue) between my colleagues didn’t stop until the meeting ended. 【答案】argument 【详解】考查名词。句意：直到会议结束，同事之间的争论才停止。设空处为主语，应用名词，argue为动词，其名词形式为argument“争论”，特指同事之间的一次争论，应用单数形式，故填argument。 63．There are always some ups and downs in our lives, but it is the (suffer) that makes us stronger. 【答案】suffering 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们的生活中总是会有起起落落，但正是那些苦难让我们变得更坚强。此处作主语，应用名词suffering，结合后文makes可知，主语为单数。故填suffering。 64．These developments illustrate China’s journey towards a modern and efficient transportation network that balances (convenient) with environmental responsibility. 【答案】convenience 【详解】考查名词。句意：这些发展表明了中国在建设现代化、高效的交通网络的道路上，兼顾了便利性和环境责任。空处和名词responsibility并列，作宾语，应用名词convenience，表示“便利性”，不可数名词。故填convenience。 65．Girls (prove) to be as capable as boys in class management because over 70 percent of the monitors in our school are girls. 【答案】have proven/have proved 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：事实证明，女孩在班级管理方面和男孩一样有能力，因为我们学校70% 以上的班长都是女孩。根据语境和从句“because over 70 percent of the monitors in our school are girls”可知，“女孩在班级管理方面和男孩一样有能力”这一情况是从过去到现在已经被证实的，且对现在有影响，应用现在完成时；主语Girls为复数，助动词用have，prove的过去分词为proven或proved。故填have proven/have proved。 66．He (undertake) the responsibility to take care of the patient just now. 【答案】undertook 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他刚才承担起照顾病人的责任。空处作句子的谓语，根据“just now”可知，句子在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，因此用undertake“承担”的过去式。故填undertook。 67．Sometimes I wonder if there’s any (just) in this world. 【答案】justice 【详解】考查名词。句意：有时我会想，这个世界是否还有公平可言呢？作there be句型的主语，用名词justice，不可数。故填justice。 68．The headmaster gave an (inspire) speech at the meeting. 【答案】inspiring 【详解】考查形容词。句意：校长在会议上发表了一篇鼓舞人心的演讲。修饰名词speech用形容词inspiring，作定语。故填inspiring。 69．After waiting for a long time, they (eventual) came up. 【答案】eventually 【详解】考查副词。句意：等了很长时间后，他们终于上来了。空处修饰动词came up，应用副词eventually，表示“最终”，作状语。故填eventually。 70．Though he was old, he felt (energy) and dynamic. 【答案】energetic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然他年纪大了，但他感到精力充沛，充满活力。此处应填形容词作表语，energy的形容词形式为energetic，表示“精力充沛的”。故填energetic。 71．When you put this into water, a (chemistry) change happens. 【答案】chemical 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当你把这个放进水里，就会发生化学变化。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词change，chemistry的形容词形式是chemical，意为“化学的”，符合语境。故填chemical。 72．I receive an (allow) of $50 a month. 【答案】allowance 【详解】考查名词。句意：我每月能领到50美元的零用钱。不定冠词an后用单数可数名词作宾语。allow对应的名词要在词尾加-ance，表示“零用钱”，符合句意。故填allowance。 73．You have to face the (real) that she is (real) a cheat. 【答案】 reality really 【详解】考查名词和副词。句意：你必须面对她确实是个骗子这个现实。第一空：根据空前定冠词the可知，空处需用名词作face的宾语，real的名词为reality“现实”，此处特指她是个骗子这个现实，名词需用单数；第二空：空处需用副词作状语修饰系动词is，强调她确实是个骗子这一事实，real的副词为really“确实，真正地”，符合题意。故填①reality；②really。 74．He won’t go out without the (protect) of his brother. 【答案】protection 【详解】考查名词。句意：没有他哥哥的保护，他不会出门。“the... of”结构中，“the”后需接名词，protect是动词，意为“保护”，其名词形式为protection，the protection of...表示“……的保护”，符合句子语境。故填protection。 75．The new policy will come into (operate) the next year. 【答案】operation 【详解】考查名词。句意：新政策将于明年生效。所给词“operate”是动词，意为“操作；运转；实施”。句中“come into”后接名词，构成固定短语“come into operation”，意为“生效；开始实施”。因此需将动词转换为对应的名词“operation”。故填operation。 76．He suffered a (lose) of $1,000 on the business last month. 【答案】loss 【详解】考查名词。句意：他上个月在这笔生意上损失了1000美元。空处作动词suffered的宾语，应用名词loss表示“损失”，且空前有不定冠词a修饰，应用名词单数形式。故填loss。 77．Sorry, I can’t help you, for my English is very (limit). 【答案】limited 【详解】考查形容词。句意：对不起，我帮不了你，因为我的英语很有限。空处应填形容词作表语，表示“有限的”用limited。故填limited。 78．All the people are (cheer) on this happy day. 【答案】cheerful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在这个欢乐的日子里，所有人都兴高采烈的。根据空前的系动词are可知，此处应用cheer的形容词形式cheerful作表语，意为“兴高采烈的；快乐的”。故填cheerful。 79．It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life in spite his great wealth. 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意：令人难以置信的是，卢卡斯先生尽管拥有巨额财富，却过着简朴的生活。分析句子可知，设空处应填介词，结合句意，“in spite of”表示“尽管”。故填of。 80．Experiments of this kind (conduct) in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. 【答案】had been conducted 【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：早在第二次世界大战之前，这种实验就在美国和欧洲进行了。experiments与conduct之间为被动关系，且conduct这一动作发生在第二次世界大战之前，即“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时，因此空格处是过去完成时的被动语态had been done，故填had been conducted。 81．As for (accommodate), you are expected to stay in our school dormitory. Besides, Chinese meals will be served in students’ canteen. 【答案】accommodation 【详解】考查名词。句意：至于住宿方面，你需要入住我们学校的宿舍。此外，学校食堂会提供中餐。作介词的宾语，用名词accommodation，故填accommodation。 82．Additionally, applicants are expected to check the pine tree more than 3 times a day and take notes recording your (observe). 【答案】observations 【详解】考查名词。句意：此外，申请人应每天检查松树3次以上，并记录你的观察结果。设空处为宾语，应用名词，表示“观察”，根据前文每天检查三次以上，所以记录的观察结果应用复数形式，故填observations。 83．I’m a senior high school student with an outgoing (personal) and thus very willing to reach out to others and make new friends. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】personality 【详解】考查名词。句意：我是一名高中生，性格开朗，因此非常愿意与他人交流并结交新朋友。作介词的宾语，用名词personality，冠词提示为单数。故填personality。 84．Through advanced technology, space ( explore), and futuristic societies, the stories inspire my imagination and curiosity. 【答案】exploration 【详解】考查名词。句意：通过先进的技术、太空探索和未来社会，这些故事激发了我的想象力和好奇心。根据句子结构，空格处与“space”构成名词短语，和“advanced technology”、“futuristic societies”并列，作介词 “Through”的宾语。所给词“explore”是动词，其名词形式为“exploration”（探索），为不可数名词，符合语境。故填exploration。 85．What’s more, we are (create) and can keep up with modern science and technology. 【详解】考查形容词。句意：此外，我们富有创造力，能够跟上现代科学技术的发展。are是系动词，后面需接形容词creative“富有创造力的”作表语，故填creative。 86．To make full (prepare) for the match, I have made a specific training plan attached to the email for your reference. 【答案】preparations 【详解】考查名词。句意：为了为比赛做好充分准备，我制定了一份具体的训练计划，附在邮件中供你参考。空处用于形容词full之后，应用名词preparation，表示“准备”，为可数名词，此处表示“做好充分准备”，应用复数形式，作make的宾语，make preparations for表示“为……做准备”。故填preparations。 87．There is no doubt that (honest) and willingness to help others are why we become charming. 【答案】honesty 【详解】考查名词。句意：毫无疑问，诚实和乐于助人的意愿是我们之所以变得有魅力的原因。分析句子结构可知，此空应填名词作主语，honesty，表“诚实”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填honesty。 88．London has always been my dream place to explore the English culture, but with too many choices, (recommend) from you will be valuable and highly appreciated. 【答案】recommendations 【详解】考查名词。句意：伦敦一直是我梦想中探索英国文化的地方，但是选择太多，你的推荐将会很有价值并且非常受欢迎。设空处应用名词作主语，recommend名词形式为recommendation，句中表“推荐，建议”为可数名词，此处应用其复数形式recommendations。故填recommendations。 89．During a fire drill (消防演习), you should meet outside of your residence hall and wait for (far) instructions. 【答案】further 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在消防演习期间，你应该在宿舍外集合，等待进一步指示。设空处修饰名词instructions，作定语, 结合句意可知形容词further“更进一步的”符合题意。故填further。 90．After years of struggles, they became independent foreign countries in this technology. 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意：经过多年的奋斗，他们在这项技术上不再依赖外国。be independent of...为固定搭配，意为“不依赖……”。故填of。 91．Robert Southey was one of the most (respect) poets of his time. 【答案】respected 【详解】考查形容词。句意：罗伯特·骚塞是在他所处的时代里最受人敬重的诗人之一。设空处修饰名词poets，且其前有the most，应用形容词。根据句意可知，此处表示“受人尊敬的”，应用respected。故填respected。 92．We often get the first impression of people (base) on the colour of their skin or the manner in which they dress. 【答案】based 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们经常会根据人们的肤色或者穿衣风格来获得对他们的第一印象。get为句子的谓语动词，设空处应用非谓语形式，be based on意为“以……为依据”，填based作状语。故填based。 93．The animal, unique to China, is in danger of (extinct) in the next 25 years. 【答案】extinction 【详解】考查名词。句意为：未来25年内，中国特有的这种动物会面临灭绝的风险。设空处作of 的宾语, 应用名词。故填 extinction。 94．It has been reported that the (disappear) of the two port cities was caused by an underwater landslide. 【答案】disappearance 【详解】考查名词。句意：据报道，这两个港口城市的消失是水下滑坡造成的。the______of the two port cities 作that引导的主语从句中的主语。由于the+名词+of是固定结构，要将disappear变为名词。disappear的名词是disappearance，是不可数名词。故填disappearance。 95．Although the competitions may appear to be (harm) fun, some education professionals are concerned that they could have a negative effect on children. 【答案】harmless 【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管这些竞赛可能看起来都是些无害的娱乐活动，但一些教育专家担心它们会对孩子产生消极的影响。设空处修饰fun应用形容词，根据Although及语境可知，此处指“无害的娱乐活动”用形容词harmless。故填harmless。 96．He thinks the movie will be wonderful but it might be a little (scare) for younger children. 【答案】scary 【详解】考查形容词。句意为：他觉得这将会是一部很精彩的电影，但对于年龄小一点的孩子来说可能会有些吓人。设空处作表语应用形容词，表示“吓人的；可怕的”用scary。故填 scary。 97．This was a time there were very few westerners living in China. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当时，在中国生活的西方人很少。引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time，关系词在从句中作时间状语，故用when引导该从句。故填when。 98．The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you will have to take control your schedule. 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意：你了解得越多，尝试得越多，就越有能力去掌控好时间安排。take control of表示“控制；掌管”为固定短语。故填of。 99．So if you are (passion) about something, stick to it and through hard work, you truly can make your dream come true. 【答案】passionate 【详解】考查形容词。句意：所以如果你对某件事充满热爱，就坚持，并且通过努力你就能真正实现你的梦想。空在are之后，介词about之前，要填形容词。括号内的passion是名词，对应的形容词要在词尾加-ate，为passionate，作表语。故填passionate。 100． summary, I think it’s very important to pay attention to our surrounding environment. 【答案】In 【详解】考查介词。句意：总之，我认为关注我们周围的环境是非常重要的。由于in summary是固定搭配，表示“总之”，介词in放在句首，首字母要大写。故填In。 考向02 考查必修二词汇 1、 单词拼写50题 1．H (草药) are an essential component of traditional Chinese medicine. 【答案】Herbs/erbs 【详解】考查名词。句意：草药是中药的重要组成部分。根据中英文提示可知，空处应填名词herb“草药”作主语，结合“are”可知，此处应用名词复数形式作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Herbs。 2．A good (新闻工作者) should have strong communication skills and a sense of responsibility. 【答案】journalist 【详解】考查名词。句意：一个好的记者应该有很强的沟通技巧和责任感。结合不定冠词A和汉语提示，用单数名词journalist作主语。故填journalist。 3．He is very g with his money and always donates to charities. 【答案】generous/enerous 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他在金钱上非常慷慨，总是向慈善机构捐款。根据单词首字母以及句意可知，此处应填形容词generous作表语，be generous with为固定搭配，意为“在……方面慷慨”。故填generous。 4．Please reply to (确认) your attendance. 【答案】confirm 【详解】考查动词。句意：请回复以确认你的出席。根据汉语提示“确认”，应为动词confirm，不定式符号to后接动词原形，所以此处用confirm的原形即可，符合句意。故填confirm。 5．The company enjoys a worldwide (名声) for the quality of design. 【答案】reputation 【详解】考查名词。句意：这家公司因其设计质量在全球享有盛誉。“名声”为“reputation”作宾语。空前有不定冠词，故用单数。故填reputation。 6．The l are more important to us than the dead. 【答案】living/iving 【详解】考查形容词。句意：生者对我们来说比逝者更重要。表示“活着的人”应用the living，为“定冠词+形容词”表示一类人的用法。故填living。 7．He e (逃跑，逃脱)from the trapped bus this morning. 【答案】escaped/scaped 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：今天早上他从被困的公交车中逃了出来。根据中文提示“逃跑，逃脱”及首字母“e”可知，此处用动词escape。由this morning可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，escape的过去式是escaped。故填escaped。 8．The news of his sudden d (死亡) left everyone in shock and sadness. 【答案】death/eath 【详解】考查名词。句意：他突然去世的消息让所有人都感到震惊和悲伤。sudden是形容词，表示“突然的”，作定语修饰所填词，所填词要用名词。所填词以d开头而且表示“死亡”，要用death。此处表抽象意义，为不可数名词，故填death。 9．Scientists are searching for (有智慧的) life forms in other solar systems. 【答案】intelligent 【详解】考查形容词。句意：科学家们正在其他太阳系中寻找有智慧的生命形式。这里需要一个形容词来修饰名词life forms（生命形式），intelligent是形容词，意为“有智慧的” ，在句中作定语修饰life forms。故填intelligent。 10．There are heated (争论) about whether General Shepherd was a hero or a war criminal. 【答案】arguments 【详解】考查名词。句意：关于Shepherd将军是英雄还是战犯，存在着激烈的争论。设空处为名词作主语，根据汉语提示可知是argument，根据are可知应用复数形式，故填arguments。 11．He lived a simple life but was always c (满足的) with what he had. 【答案】contented/ontented 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他过着简朴的生活，但总是对他所拥有的感到满足。根据首字母以及中文提示可知，形容词contented“满足的”符合句意，在句中作表语，故填contented。 12．Living alone teaches you (独立) and responsibility 【答案】independence 【详解】考查名词。句意：独自生活教会你独立和责任。空格处用名词作宾语，“独立”的名词是independence，是不可数名词，故填independence。 13．I think such views are (肤浅的) and near­sighted. 【答案】shallow 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我认为这样的观点是肤浅和短视的。根据汉语提示“肤浅的”可知，本空用形容词shallow，和near-sighted并列，作表语。故填shallow。 14．I e (最终) realized I had to change my attitude toward medical practice. 【答案】eventually/ventually 【详解】考查副词。句意：最终我意识到自己必须改变对待医疗工作的态度。根据中英文提示可知用副词eventually，修饰动词realize，故填eventually。 15．The authorities have said they will attempt to m (维持) essential services. 【答案】maintain/aintain 【详解】考查动词。句意：当局表示，他们将努力确保基本服务的正常运行。根据中英文提示可知用动词maintain，此处为不定式作宾语，故填maintain。 16．He likes asking questions, and he is (好奇的) about everything. 【答案】curious 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他喜欢问问题，对一切都好奇。根据汉语提示可知用形容词curious，作表语。故填curious。 17．He found his son (焦虑的；担心的) about maths and physics. 【答案】concerned 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他发现他的儿子对数学和物理这两门学科很忧虑。根据汉语提示可知用形容词concerned，作宾补。故填concerned。 18．It is a day for people in China to show (尊敬) to seniors. 【答案】respect 【详解】考查名词。句意：这一天是中国人向长辈表达敬意的日子。空处应用名词，作宾语；表示“尊敬”为名词respect，符合句意。故填respect。 19．Pollution has a great (影响) on air quality. 【答案】effect 【详解】考查名词。句意：污染对空气质量有着很大的影响。空处应用名词，作宾语；effect为名词，表示“影响”，动词短语have an effect on表示“对……有影响”，符合句意。故填effect。 20．The teachers spared no effort to (确保)that all students would be given an equal chance. 【答案】ensure/guarantee 【详解】考查动词。句意：老师们不遗余力地确保所有学生都能获得平等的机会。表示“确保”用动词ensure/guarantee，spare no effort to do“不遗余力做某事”是固定搭配，故空处应填动词原形。故填ensure/guarantee。 21．The old house was covered in (灰尘) after years of being empty. 【答案】dust 【详解】考查名词。句意：这栋老房子空置多年，布满了灰尘。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词dust“灰尘”为不可数名词，作宾语，满足句意要求。故填dust。 22．The o (持续进行的) research project aims to find a cure for the rare disease. 【答案】ongoing/ngoing 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这项持续进行的研究项目旨在找到治疗这种罕见疾病的方法。根据首字母o及汉语提示“持续进行的”可知，本空用形容词ongoing，修饰research project，作前置定语。故填ongoing。 23．All the s in the company are friendly. 【答案】staff/taff 【详解】考查名词。句意：公司里所有的员工都很友好。此处为名词作主语，根据首字母提示及语境，此处表示“员工”，应为名词staff；staff是集合名词，单复数同形，此处All修饰，用staff即可，符合句意。故填staff。 24．Nowadays, many teenagers are a to online games, which affects their health. 【答案】addicted/ddicted 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如今，许多青少年沉迷于网络游戏，这影响了他们的健康。此处为形容词作表语，根据首字母提示及语境，此处表示“沉迷于”，应为形容词addicted；be addicted to为固定搭配，意为“沉迷于……”，符合句意。故填addicted。 25．The most e player on the basketball team never stops running. 【答案】energetic/nergetic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这支篮球队里最精力充沛的球员从不停下脚步奔跑。根据句意和首字母可知，此空应填energetic，表“精力充沛的”，为形容词，在本句中作定语修饰后面名词。故填energetic。 26．We i (打断，中断) this programme to bring you an important news bulletin. 【答案】interrupt/nterrupt/interrupted/nterrupted 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们中断这个节目，为您播报一条重要新闻。此处为动词作谓语，根据汉语提示“打断，中断”及首字母“i”可知，应为动词interrupt，结合句意，句子既可以表示现在发生的动作，用一般现在时，主语We为复数，谓语用原形，也可以表示过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，谓语动词为interrupt的过去式interrupted。故填interrupt/interrupted。 27．The l (风景) of villages often includes traditional farmhouses, winding rivers and ancient trees. 【答案】landscape/andscape 【详解】考查名词。句意：村庄的景观通常包括传统的农舍、蜿蜒的河流和古树。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词landscape“风景”作主语，满足句意要求。故填landscape。 28．The heavy atmosphere was lifted, (取代) by a lively conversation. 【答案】replaced 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：沉重的气氛被打破了，取而代之的是一场热烈的交谈。“取代”用动词replace，作状语，用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语atmosphere之间是被动关系，即“气氛被取代”，用过去分词形式表被动。故填replaced。 29．He often takes the first place in various English competitions, which (证明) his excellent English proficiency. 【答案】proves 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：他经常在各种英语竞赛中获得第一名，这证明了他出色的英语水平。“证明”用动词prove，作定语从句中谓语，与主语which(即前面句中所述情况)之间是主动关系，结合主句谓语动词“takes”可知，描述一般性事实，用一般现在时态，谓语动词要用单数形式。故填proves。 30．In the digital age, protecting your online i (身份) is crucial to avoid being attacked online. 【答案】identity/dentity/identities/dentities 【详解】考查名词。句意：在数字时代，保护你的网络身份对于避免遭受网络攻击至关重要。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“身份”应用identity，作宾语，可为可数名词，也可为不可数名词，所以此空可填identity或者复数形式identities。故填identity/identities。 31．Recent years have witnessed the changes in public a (态度) to marriage 【答案】attitude/ttitude 【详解】考查名词。句意：近年来，公众对于婚姻的看法发生了变化。根据中英文提示可知用名词attitude，作宾语。故填attitude。 32．I think fairness and (公平，正义) is of great importance to society. 【答案】justice 【详解】考查名词。句意：我认为公平正义对社会非常重要。分析句子结构可知，think后为省略了that的宾语从句，此处应与名词fairness并列，作宾语从句中的主语；根据汉语提示可知，表示“公平，正义”应用不可数名词justice，且fairness and justice为固定短语，意为“公平正义”，符合语境。故填justice。 33．A team of nurses assisted the doctor in performing the (手术), which proved to be a great success eventually. 【答案】operation 【详解】考查名词： 句意：一组护士协助医生进行手术，最终手术取得了巨大成功。 “手术” 英文表达为 operation，在句中作 performing的宾语，且此处表示单数意义，故填operation。 34．Every child has the (潜力) to succeed; it’s up to educators to help them unlock it.​ 【答案】potential 【详解】考查名词。句意：每个孩子都有成功的潜力，能否帮助他们发掘这种潜力，取决于教育工作者。根据句意和中文提示，表示“潜力”应用potential，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语。故填potential。 35．This exhibition gave thousands of young people the opportunity to develop their (创造性的) skills. 【答案】creative 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这次展览为成千上万的年轻人提供了发展他们创造性技能的机会。根据汉语提示“创造性的”可知，此处为形容词creative，作定语，修饰名词skills。故填creative。 36．The children played a (诡计) on their neighbors by hiding their mailboxes. 【答案】trick 【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们通过藏起邻居的邮箱对他们的邻居搞了一个恶作剧。“诡计”作宾语，用可数名词trick，用不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式，作宾语，play a trick on表示“对……恶作剧”。故填trick。 37．We shouldn’t j people based on how much money they have. 【答案】judge/udge 【详解】考查动词。句意：我们不应该根据一个人拥有的财富多少来评判他。根据句意和首字母j以及空格前的shouldn’t可知，空格处应该用动词原形judge。故填judge。 38．He a (尝试，努力) to climb the steep mountain alone, but had to give up due to bad weather. 【答案】attempted/ttempted 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他试图独自攀登那座陡峭的山，但由于天气恶劣不得不放弃。根据句意和首字母可知，“尝试，努力”为“attempt”在句中作谓语，由后半句had to可知事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时。故填attempted。 39．One of the most (有效的) ways to reduce carbon emission is encouraging more people to use public transport. 【答案】effective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：减少碳排放最有效的方法之一是鼓励更多人使用公共交通。根据汉语提示“有效的”，以及上文One of the most和下文ways可知，此处应填形容词effective，作定语，修饰名词ways，且effective是多音节词，其最高级形式为the most effective。故填effective。 40．It has been c (证实) that the meeting will take place next week. 【答案】confirmed/onfirmed 【详解】考查动词。句意：已证实会议将于下周举行。根据句意以及首字母和汉语提示可知，空处应填动词confirm的适当形式，结合空前的has been可知，句子为现在完成时的被动语态，所以空处应填confirm的过去分词confirmed。故填confirmed。 41．He gave a detailed a (描述) of what happened on the memorable night. 【答案】account/ccount 【详解】考查名词。句意：他详细描述了那个难忘之夜所发生的事情。短语give a detailed account of...，表示“详细描述……” 。account在这里作宾语，且有不定冠词a修饰，用单数形式。故填account。 42．The old man shared his life (智慧) with the younger generation patiently. 【答案】wisdom/wit/intelligence 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位老人耐心地与年轻一代分享他的人生智慧。此处为名词作宾语，根据汉语提示可知，表示“智慧”可用不可数名词wisdom、wit或intelligence，三者均符合语境。故填wisdom。 43．His (令人印象深刻的) talent for painting was noticed at a young age. 【答案】impressive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他令人印象深刻的绘画天赋在很小的时候就被注意到了。此处为形容词作定语，修饰后面的名词talent，根据汉语提示可知，“令人印象深刻的”应用形容词impressive。故填impressive。 44．She rushed into her mother’s arms and gave her a big (拥抱). 【答案】hug/embrace 【详解】考查名词。句意：她冲进妈妈的怀里，给了她一个大大的拥抱。此处为名词作动词gave的直接宾语，根据汉语提示以及空前的不定冠词a可知，此处应用可数名词hug或embrace的单数形式表示“拥抱”。give sb. a big hug/ embrace意为“给某人一个大大的拥抱”，符合语境。故填hug/embrace。 45．Don’t miss this precious (机会)to study abroad. 【答案】opportunity 【详解】考查名词。句意：不要错过这个宝贵的出国留学机会。“机会”为“opportunity”在句中作宾语，根据空前“this”可知，此处用名词单数形式，故填opportunity。 46．He said he was going to be on d (值班) at the office this afternoon. 【答案】duty/uty 【详解】考查名词。句意：他说他今天下午要在办公室值班。根据中英文提示可知用名词duty，构成短语on duty，表示“值班”之意。故填duty。 47．Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of these natural r (资源). 【答案】resources/esources 【详解】考查名词。句意：狩猎者愿意支付印花税，以确保自然资源能维持下去。结合首字母提示可知，“资源”应用名词resource，作of的宾语，且these后可数名词resource应用复数形式。故填resources。 48． (显然), Thando forgot about our meeting today. 【答案】Obviously 【详解】考查副词。句意：显然，桑多把我们今天的会议给忘了。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空处应填副词obviously“显然”，作状语，修饰整个句子，位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Obviously。 49．Parents often struggle to balance their (权威) with their children’s growing independence. 【答案】authority 【详解】考查名词。句意：父母往往难以平衡自己的权威与孩子日益增长的独立性。形容词性物主代词their后接名词形式，在句中作宾语。名词“权威”英文为authority。故填authority。 50．They had an a (争论) because of the trip. 【答案】argument/rgument 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们因为这次旅行而争论起来。根据句意及中英文提示可知，此处使用名词argument，作宾语，表示“争论”。故填argument。 51．He b (呼吸) deeply before jumping into the cold water. 【答案】breathed/reathed 【详解】考查动词。句意：在跳入冰冷的水中之前，他先深深地吸了一口气。根据汉语提示和首字母b可知，空格处应该用breathe作谓语，由句意和下文的before jumping into the cold water可知，描述过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。故填breathed。 52．In a (简洁的，简单的) chat, she realized money’s value lies in funding her daughter’s music lessons, not buying an expensive handbag. 【答案】brief 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在一次简短的聊天中，她意识到钱的价值在于资助女儿上音乐课，而不是买一个昂贵的手提包。根据汉语提示“简洁的，简单的”及句意可知，用形容词brief，作定语修饰名词chat。故填brief。 53．We (向……表示敬意) the soldiers who fought for our country. 【答案】honor/honour  【详解】考查动词。句意：我们向为我们国家而战的士兵们表示敬意。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用动词honor/honour“向……表示敬意”，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是we，谓语动词用原形。故填honor/honour。 54．I attended an interesting (讲座) about AI yesterday. 【答案】lecture 【详解】考查名词。句意：我昨天参加了一个关于人工智能的有趣讲座。根据空前形容词“interesting”和汉语提示“讲座”可知，空处应填名词lecture，由an可知，此处应用名词单数形式。故填lecture。 55．She would often w (漫游) along the beach, collecting seashells and lost in her daydreams. 【答案】wander/ander 【详解】考查动词。句意：她常常沿着海滩漫步，收集贝壳，沉浸在白日梦中。根据汉语提示及句意，would后接动词原形，构成“would do”结构，表示过去常常做某事。故填wander。 2、 单句语法填空50题 1．With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile (apply). 【答案】application 【详解】考查名词。句意：随着科技的兴起，人们很容易在移动应用程序的帮助下观察不同的物种。作介词of的宾语，表示“应用软件”应用名词application，可数名词，冠词a提示用其单数形式。故填application。 2．He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered terrible back pain. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：20年前，当他遭受严重的背痛时，他开始对替代疗法产生兴趣。分析句子可知，设空处应填介词，“suffer from”为固定搭配，意为“遭受……之苦”，此处介词from与动词suffer搭配构成固定短语，在句中引出“遭受”的具体对象。故填from。 3．He raised some problems in our plan and then proceeded (give) us some suggestions. 【答案】to give 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他指出了我们计划中的一些问题，然后接着给了我们一些建议。根据固定用法proceed to do sth.意为“接着做某事（指做完一件事后继续做另一件事）”可知，此处使用动词不定式形式作宾语，符合此处“先指出问题，再给出建议”的语境，而“proceed doing sth.”表示“继续做同一件事”，与语境不符。故填to give。 4．The first-ever American Laughing Championship requires the chosen laughers to face off against each other as the audience determines who has (attractive) laugh. 【答案】the most attractive 【详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：首届美国大笑锦标赛要求入选的笑匠们进行对决，由观众来决定谁拥有最具吸引力的笑声。根据语境，冠军只有一个，所以此处是在众多笑匠中进行比较，表示“最……”，应用形容词的最高级形式，attractive的最高级是most attractive，其前需要使用定冠词the。故填the most attractive。 5．The population of the area (expect) to increase from 5.5 million to 7.5 million by 2034. 【答案】is expected 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：预计到2034年，该地区的人口将从550万增加到750万。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。population指人口总数，谓语动词用单数，再根据人口总数是被估计的，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is expected。 6．As well as expanding renewable energy generation, EU member states (seek) fossil fuels from other nations, such as gas from Qatar and oil from Saudi Arabia. 【答案】are seeking 【详解】考查时态。句意：除了扩大可再生能源发电之外，欧盟成员国还在从其他国家寻求化石燃料，比如从卡塔尔进口天然气，从沙特阿拉伯进口石油。空处为句子的谓语动词，主语EU member states与seek为主动关系，再由语境可知，这里强调当前阶段正在发生的情况，应用现在进行时，主语EU member states是复数，因此be动词用are。故填are seeking。 7．Health chiefs have warned of the risk of deaths from the “ferocious heat” set to hit Britain today and tomorrow as temperatures (predict) to soar to 40℃ for the first time on record. 【答案】are predicted 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：卫生部门负责人警告称，英国今明两天将遭遇“酷热”天气，气温预计将飙升至有记录以来首次达到40℃，可能导致死亡风险上升。空格处是谓语动词，句子描述客观情况，用一般现在时；句子的主语temperatures与谓语动词predict之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语是复数形式，be动词用are。故填are predicted。 8．The trade gets its name from the stuntman and assistant director at Universal Pictures in the 1920s who revolutionised how sound effects (use). 【答案】were used 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这一行业的名称来源于20世纪20年代环球影业的一位特技演员兼助理导演，他彻底改变了音效的使用方式。分析句子结构可知，how引导宾语从句，从句的主语sound effects与谓语动词use之间是被动关系。结合时间状语in the 1920s可知，动作发生在过去，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。sound effects为复数形式，be动词用were，故填were used。 9．Besides, many parents have limited knowledge about what a (balance) diet is. 【答案】balanced 【详解】考查形容词。句意：此外，许多家长对什么是均衡饮食了解有限。此处应用形容词balanced作定语，修饰名词diet，表示“均衡的”。故填balanced。 10．You do not need to read in the same way you would if you needed to (memory) something. 【答案】memorize 【详解】考查动词。句意：你不需要像需要记忆某事那样去阅读。此空位于不定式符号to之后，所以使用动词原形，所给词memory为名词，需要转换为动词形式memorize，意为“记忆”。故填memorize。 11．Going from junior high school to senior high school can be a (challenge)process for many teenagers. 【答案】challenging 【详解】考查形容词。句意：对许多青少年来说，从初中升入高中是一个具有挑战性的过程。设空处应填形容词challenging作定语，修饰名词process。故填challenging。 12．With so many online posts (feature) the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. 【答案】featuring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有这么多在线帖子都以相同的地方为特色，很容易让人觉得自己错过了什么。此处为“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的复合结构，宾语online posts与feature之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，所以应用feature的现在分词形式featuring作宾语补足语。故填featuring。 13．Over the last two years, some supermarkets started (sell) chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 【答案】selling/to sell 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的两年里，一些超市开始出售设计成两半的包装来分别装独立份量的鸡肉和沙拉。start doing/to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“开始做某事”，故填selling/ to sell。 14．I find it (relax)  to sing a song with classmates between classes. 【答案】relaxing 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我发现在课间和同学们一起唱歌很令人放松。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作宾语补足语，it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式短语 “to sing a song with classmates between classes”，此处修饰事物，应用 relaxing，意为 “令人放松的”。故填 relaxing。 15．Some jobs may be more (stress) than others. 【答案】stressful 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有些工作可能比其他工作更有压力。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作表语，结合所给词 stress，其形容词形式是 stressful，意为 “有压力的”。故填 stressful。 16．Mr. Wang is an (experience) teacher and always does well in teaching. 【答案】experienced 【详解】考查形容词。句意：王先生是一位有经验的老师，并且总是教得很好。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作定语修饰名词 teacher，结合所给词 experience，其形容词形式是 experienced，意为 “有经验的”。故填 experienced。 17．This programme was set up, which was intended (provide) help for the homeless. 【答案】to provide 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划旨在为无家可归者提供帮助。固定搭配be intended to do something意为“旨在做某事”。故填to provide。 18．Above all, those who are sensitive to music look humorous and (attract). 【答案】attractive 【详解】考查形容词。句意：最重要的是，那些对音乐敏感的人看起来幽默而有吸引力。根据空前“humorous and”可知，空处需用形容词与humorous并列作表语；attract的形容词为attractive“有吸引力的，有魅力的”。故填attractive。 19．I applied four universities and was refused by all of them, which made me very upset. 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：我申请了四所大学，但都被拒绝了，这让我非常沮丧。apply for意为“申请”，故填for。 20．Prof. Gracie, with all his (patient), asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. 【答案】patience 【详解】考查名词。句意：格雷西教授极有耐心地让我思考这件事，而不只是考虑我是否喜欢它。此处位于形容词性物主代词“his”后，需用名词形式，patient是形容词，意为“有耐心的”，其名词形式是patience，意为“耐心”，为不可数名词，符合语境。故填patience。 21．After his (graduate) from college, he went to the countryside to work as a teacher. 【答案】graduation 【详解】考查名词。句意：大学毕业后，他去了农村当老师。分析句子可知，设空处前有形容词性物主代词his修饰，应填名词graduation，在句中作介词After的宾语，“graduation”意为“毕业”，符合句意。故填graduation。 22．As far as I’m concerned, the best way to relax is (travel). 【答案】to travel 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：放松的最佳方式是旅行。说明主语the best way to relax的具体内容，应用不定式作表语。故填to travel。 23．Our school is equipped with much advanced (equip) bought from abroad. 【答案】equipment 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们学校配备了从国外买来的许多先进设备。作介词with宾语，需用名词equipment，不可数。故填equipment。 24．The company, however, now declines (comment) further on the subject. 【答案】to comment 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，该公司现在拒绝就此事进一步置评。decline to do sth.表示“拒绝做某事”，为固定搭配，所以空处需用动词不定式作宾语。故填to comment。 25．The ordinary man made a (contribute) to charity, which contributed to some poor children   (attend) school. 【答案】 contribution attending 【详解】考查名词和动名词。句意：这个普通人向慈善机构做出了贡献，这使得一些贫困儿童能够上学。make a后需接名词，构成固定短语。contribute为动词，意思是“贡献” ，其名词形式是contribution。make a contribution to...是常用表达，意为“对……作出贡献”，所以第一空应填contribution。 which contributed to中to为介词，介词后若接动词，要用动词的-ing 形式。attend的-ing 形式是attending。故填contribution ；attending。 26．There are very few moments in our lives where we have the privilege (witness) history taking place. 【答案】to witness 【详解】考查动词。句意：在我们的生命历程中，能够见证历史发生的情景实属罕见。名词privilege后跟不定式，作后置定语，have the privilege to do sth.表示“做某事很荣幸”。故填to witness。 27．Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible AI—the technology companies and world leaders. 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：坎贝尔的观点是要唤醒那些对人工智能负责的人 —— 科技公司和世界领导人。此处为固定短语“be responsible for”，意为“对……负责”，所以此处为介词for的填入。故填for。 28．Feeling motivated, I started running (regular), but then two things happened. 【答案】regularly 【详解】考查副词。句意：受到激励后，我开始定期跑步，但随后发生了两件事。此处修饰动词“running”，需用副词作状语，regular为形容词，意为“定期的”，其副词形式是regularly，意为“定期地”，符合语境。故填regularly。 29．Professor Smith as well as his wife and two children (invite) to the party the other day. 【答案】was invited 【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：史密斯教授以及他的妻子和两个孩子前几天被邀请参加聚会。根据时间状语the other day可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。动词invite与主语之间存在被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。当主语后接由“as well as”连接的附加成分时，谓语动词的数应与前面的主语保持一致。因为主语Professor Smith表示单数概念，故谓语动词用单数。故填was invited。 30．This is a (week) newspaper, which comes out every Friday. 【答案】weekly 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这是一份周报，每周五出版。设空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词newspaper，week的形容词形式是weekly，意为“每周的”，符合语境。故填weekly。 31．Married women have (tradition) been treated as dependent on their husbands. 【答案】traditionally 【详解】考查副词。句意：已婚妇女传统上被视为是依附于其丈夫的。所填词作状语修饰谓语动词have been treated，所填词要用副词。括号里的tradition是名词，对应的副词要在词尾加-ally。故填traditionally。 32．Customers are not (suppose) to smoke in supermarkets. 【答案】supposed 【详解】考查形容词。句意：顾客不应该在超市吸烟。be supposed to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“应该做某事”，其否定形式为be not supposed to do sth.，所以这里用supposed。故填supposed。 33．I was (slight) embarrassed when he pointed out my shortcoming. 【答案】slightly 【详解】考查副词。句意：当他指出我的缺点时，我有点尴尬。此空应填副词作状语，修饰后面形容词embarrassed，slightly，表“略微，轻微地”，符合语境。故填slightly。 34．An old (retire) teacher was invited to give a talk at the meeting. 【答案】retired 【详解】考查形容词。句意：一位退休的老教师被邀请在会上发言。此处修饰名词“teacher”，需用形容词形式，retire为动词，意为“退休”，其形容词形式是retired，意为“退休的”，符合语境。故填retired。 35．I’d like your (profession) advice which will do good to my job. 【答案】professional 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我需要你的专业建议，这对我的工作有好处。空处作修饰advice的定语，结合“which will do good to my job”可知，形容词professional符合题意，意为“专业的”。故填professional。 36．Students are (forbid) to talk aloud in the library. 【答案】forbidden 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：学生们被禁止在图书馆大声交谈。此处应填动词的过去分词形式与are构成被动语态，表示“被禁止”，forbid的过去分词为forbidden。故填forbidden。 37．The (decorate) of the room will be finished in three days. 【答案】decoration 【详解】考查名词。句意：房间的装饰工作将在三天内完成。作主语，用名词decoration，作“装饰”时为不可数名词。故填decoration。 38．Be careful. The road turns (sharp) to the right at this point. 【答案】sharply 【详解】考查副词。句意：小心。道路在这一点急转弯向右。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词turns，sharp的副词为sharply“急剧地”。故填sharply。 39．We are (satisfy) that the problem was settled to everyone’s (satisfy). 【答案】 satisfied satisfaction 【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：问题得到了令所有人满意的解决，我们很满意。第一空，空前的are为系动词，后应接形容词作表语，satisfy的形容词形式satisfied意为“感到满意的”，用于修饰人，be satisfied that…表示“对……感到满意”，符合语境；第二空，空前的everyone’s为名词所有格，后应接satisfy的名词形式satisfaction作介词to的宾语，意为“满意，满足”，且“to one’s + 名词”为固定结构，表示“令某人……的是”，to one’s satisfaction，意为“使某人满意”，符合语境语法。故填①satisfied；②satisfaction。 40．The river is heavily (pollute), so we should try our best to get rid of (pollute). 【答案】 polluted pollution 【详解】考查被动语态和名词。句意：这条河污染严重，所以我们应该尽最大努力摆脱污染。河流是被污染，第一空所在句子用被动语态，空前有is，因此第一空用过去分词。第二空用名词作宾语，此处表示“摆脱污染”，第二空意为“污染”，用名词pollution，是不可数名词，故填polluted，pollution。 41．When it rains, this road leading to his house becomes (mud). 【答案】muddy 【详解】考查形容词。句意：下雨时，这条通往他家的路变得泥泞。空格处用形容词作表语，mud的形容词是muddy，意为“泥泞的”，故填muddy。 42．As soon as the question was raised, the boy answered it (immediate). 【答案】immediately 【详解】考查副词。句意：问题一提出，那个男孩就立刻回答了。此处修饰动词“answered”，需用副词作状语，所给词“immediate”为形容词，意为“立刻的”，其副词形式是immediately，意为“立刻，马上”，符合语境。故填immediately。 43．We can’t see the house because it is (hide) in trees. 【答案】hidden 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：我们看不见那所房子，因为它被树遮住了。根据语意可知，句中it指代the house，与hide之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，其结构为“be + 过去分词”，空前已有is，所以空处填hide的过去分词形式。故填hidden。 44．The mountain was (entire) covered in snow. 【答案】entirely 【详解】考查副词。句意：那座山完全被雪覆盖着。空处修饰动词 covered，应填副词entirely作状语，故填entirely。 45．Nowadays (distant) is no problem on the Internet. 【答案】distance 【详解】考查名词。句意：如今在互联网上，距离已不是问题。分析句子可知，句中缺少主语，需要用名词形式，“distant”对应的名词是“distance”，在句中指“（空间的）遥远，（时间的）久远”，为不可数名词。故填distance。 46．Joining a student (organise) can help you develop skills and make new friends who share similar interests. 【答案】organisation 【详解】考查名词。句意：加入一个学生组织可以帮助你培养技能，结交有相似兴趣的新朋友。设空处前有不定冠词a和名词student修饰，应填名词单数形式作宾语；结合句意“组织”，所给词organise的名词形式是organisation。故填organisation。 47．The great success of this program has been largely due the support given by the 10 local businessmen. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：这个项目的巨大成功在很大程度上要归功于10位当地商人给予的支持。due to是固定短语，意为“由于”。故填to。 48．Perhaps some people can get motivation from the need for success, but (other) are motivated by a fear of failure. 【答案】others 【详解】考查代词。句意：或许对有些人来说，成功的欲望是他们的动力，但另外一些人的动力是害怕失败。此处指“另一些人”，应用提示词的复数形式others表示“其他人，别的人”，代替没有具体所指的other people。故填others。 49．Simon made a big bamboo box (keep) the little sick bird till it could fly. 【答案】to keep 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：西蒙做了一个大的竹盒子，用来饲养那只生病的小鸟，直到它会飞。句中已有谓语made，keep在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式形式。故填to keep。 50．Please do not hesitate (ask) me if you have questions or require more information. 【答案】to ask 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你有问题或需要更多信息，请随时问我。hesitate to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为 “犹豫做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式 to ask。故填to ask。 考向03 考查必修三词汇 一、单词拼写60题 1．All proposals s (提交) via email will receive an automated confirmation. 【答案】submitted/ubmitted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有通过电子邮件提交的提案都将收到自动确认。根据中英文提示，“提交”对应的英文动词是 “submit”。分析句子结构，“proposals”（提案）与“submit”之间是被动关系，即“提案被提交”，因此需用过去分词形式“submitted”作后置定语修饰“proposals”。故填submitted。 2． (工业的) technology has advanced rapidly in recent decades. 【答案】Industrial 【详解】考查形容词。句意：近几十年来，工业技术发展迅速。根据汉语提示“工业的”以及空后名词technology，可知应填形容词industrial，作定语修饰名词，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Industrial。 3．The school offers a variety of after-school activities, (范围是) from art clubs to science workshops. 【答案】ranging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校提供各种各样的课外活动，范围从艺术俱乐部到科学工作坊。根据汉语提示可知，表示“范围是”应用动词range，range from…to…表示“从……到……范围内变化”；分析句子结构可知，逗号前为完整的句子，句中已有谓语动词offers，且空处与主句之间没有连词，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语a variety of after-school activities与动词range之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词作状语。故填ranging。 4．The school allows (灵活的) choice of elective courses. 【答案】flexible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：学校允许灵活选择选修课。根据汉语提示“灵活的”以及空后的名词“choice”可知，此处应填形容词flexible，作定语修饰名词，flexible choice意为“灵活的选择”，符合语境。故填flexible。 5．Folk songs are songs made up by (普通的) people like farmers or blacksmiths. 【答案】ordinary 【详解】考查形容词。句意：民歌是由像农民或铁匠这样的普通人创作的歌曲。根据汉语提示“普通的”以及空后的名词people可知，此处应用形容词ordinary作定语，修饰后面的名词people，ordinary people意为“普通人，老百姓”，符合语境。故填ordinary。 6．The tiger opened its mouth and exposed big and (锋利的) teeth. 【答案】sharp 【详解】考查形容词。句意：老虎张开了嘴，露出了又大又锋利的牙齿。根据汉语提示“锋利的”可知，此处需要填入一个形容词来修饰名词teeth，作定语。故填sharp。 7．When you go near the (自动的) door, it opens by itself. 【答案】automatic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：当你靠近自动门时，它会自动打开。根据括号中的汉语提示，表示“自动的”用形容词automatic作定语，修饰名词door。故填automatic。 8．They can use another key ( 策略) for conflict resolution: listening. 【答案】strategy 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们可以使用另一种用于解决冲突的关键策略：倾听。根据括号中的汉语提示，表示“策略”用名词strategy在句中作宾语；根据前文的another，可知此处表示单数意义。故填strategy。 9．Their (利润) have fallen by 30 percent. 【答案】profits 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：他们的利润下降了30%。根据汉语提示“利润”可知，此处需要填入名词profit。根据后文have可知，句子主语应该为复数，profit的复数形式为profits。故填profits。 10．The construction work is expected to (继续进行) on schedule despite the recent weather challenges. 【答案】proceed 【详解】考查动词。句意：尽管最近天气带来了挑战，预计建设工作将继续按计划进行。根据汉语提示“继续进行”可知，此处需要填入动词proceed。设空处应该使用动词原形与空前的to构成不定式结构。故填proceed。 11．Ken just now (高声喊出) a warning telling people to get out of the way. 【答案】screamed 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：肯刚才高声喊出一个警告，告诉人们让开。根据括号中的汉语提示，表示“高声喊出”用scream，作谓语；根据句中just now可知，句子表述过去事实，用一般过去时。故填screamed。 12．With each space mission comes greater insight, thus (激发) us to continue along the same path of adventure. 【答案】motivating 【详解】考查动词。句意：每一次太空任务都带来了更深刻的见解，从而激励我们继续沿着同样的冒险之路前进。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为非谓语动词短语作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果，所以用现在分词形式。故填motivating。 13． (围绕) by green trees, the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school. 【答案】Surrounded 【详解】考查动词。句意：这个农场被绿树环绕，位于我们学校附近的山脚下。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，主语“the farm”与“围绕”之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。故填Surrounded。 14．They saw the man with a little girl s along behind him. 【答案】skipping/kipping 【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：他们看到那个男人身后跟着一个蹦蹦跳跳的小女孩。根据首字母和句意可知，空处为skip。且本句为with复合结构。a little girl与skip为主动关系，用现在分词做宾语补足语。故填skipping。 15．All the theories should be built on a f . 【答案】foundation/oundation 【详解】考查名词。句意：所有的理论都应该建立在一个基础之上。根据单词首字母以及句意“基础”以及上文不定冠词a，可知应填名词foundation的单数形式，在句中作介词on的宾语。故填foundation。 16．My English level got (提升) and I owed my improvement to my former English teacher. 【答案】improved 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：我的英语水平得到了提升，我把我的进步归功于我以前的英语老师。谓语动词got在此处用作系动词，该词常用于结构“get + 过去分词”，表示“达到某种状态”，动词 improve和逻辑主语my English是被动关系，故用过去分词。故填 improved。 17．The conservationists are working tirelessly to prevent the e (灭绝) of endangered species. 【详解】考查名词。句意：环保主义者们正不懈努力，以防止濒危物种的灭绝。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“灭绝”应用extinction，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语，符合语境。故填extinction。 18．Charlie Chaplin’s life and career were full of ups and downs, but his (天赋) was second to none. 【详解】考查名词。句意：查理·卓别林的生活和事业充满了起起落落，但他的天赋是首屈一指的。“天赋”是genius，是不可数名词，作主语。故填genius。 19．Hurricanes are called typhoons when (出现) in the Pacific Ocean. 【答案】occurring 【详解】考查动词。句意：飓风出现在太平洋时被称为台风。“出现”occur，连词when引导的状语从句省略了they are，主语Hurricanes与occur之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填occurring。 20．Believing my novel could not be p (出版), I put it aside. 【答案】published/ublished 【详解】考查被动语态。句意：我相信我的小说不能出版，就把它放在一边。由首字母提示p可知，“出版”是publish，小说是被出版，因此用被动语态，空前有could not，空格处用过去分词，故填published。 21．The children jumped with e (兴奋，激动) when they saw the Christmas tree. 【答案】excitement/xcitement 【详解】考查名词。句意：孩子们看到圣诞树时兴奋地跳了起来。空格处用名词作宾语，由首字母提示e可知，“兴奋，激动”的名词是excitement，是不可数名词，故填excitement。 22．At the Halloween party, children dressed in colorful c (服装，戏装) ran around the garden, laughing and shouting. 【答案】costumes/ostumes 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：在万圣节派对上，孩子们穿着五颜六色的服装在花园里跑来跑去，又笑又叫。根据首字母c和汉语提示“服装，戏装”可知，此处应填名词costume；由children 可知，孩子们穿的服装不止一件，应用复数形式costumes，作dressed in的宾语。故填costumes。 23．She (犹豫) slightly before answering the policeman’s question. 【答案】hesitated 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在回答警察的问题之前，她稍微犹豫了一下。根据汉语提示“犹豫”可知，用动词hesitate，句子描述过去的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语用过去式hesitated。故填hesitated。 24．Parents and children should communicate more to narrow the generation (差距) between them. 【答案】gap 【详解】考查名词。句意：父母和孩子应当多进行交流，以缩小他们之间的代沟。根据汉语提示可知用名词gap，作宾语。generation gap“代沟”是常用表达。故填gap。 25．Female students no longer have to worry about (性别) issues. 【答案】gender 【详解】考查名词。句意：女学生再也不用担心性别议题了。结合“issues (议题，问题)”可知，“性别”应用名词gender，侧重社会学角度，作定语修饰issues，表示“性别议题”。故填gender。 26．This dictionary tries to (简化) the meanings of words. 【答案】simplify 【详解】考查动词。句意：这本词典试图简化单词的含义。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“简化”应用simplify，为动词，且这里应用原形与前面to构成不定式。故填simplify。 27．I tried all the delicious foods in Xi’an my friends had (推荐). 【答案】recommended 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我尝遍了朋友们推荐的西安所有的美食。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词recommend“推荐”，作定语从句的谓语动词，结合句意以及空前had可知，此处为过去完成时，空处应填过去分词。故填recommended。 28．Children were fascinated by the plots in the simplified (经典的) novels. 【答案】classic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：孩子们被这些简化版经典小说的情节深深吸引。根据中文提示及横线后的名词novels判断，这里需要一个形容词充当定语，并且意思是“经典的”，此处为classic，符合题意。故答案是classic。 29．I (记忆，想起) that I have read the news about this earthquake in a newspaper. 【答案】memorize 【详解】考查动词。句意：我记得我在报纸上看到过有关这次地震的新闻。根据汉语提示可知，此处为动词memorize“记得”，句子描述现在的心理状态，用一般现在时；主语是第一人称I，因此动词用原形。故填memorize。 30．Over the years, there have been a number of different (技巧) to help designers approach this important point. 【答案】techniques 【详解】考查名词。句意：多年来，有许多不同的技巧来帮助设计师解决这一重要问题。根据汉语提示“技巧”可知，应填名词technique，且由“a number of different”可知，此处应用名词复数形式。故填techniques。 31．Please tell us (肯定地) whether you are coming or not. 【答案】definitely 【详解】考查副词。句意：请肯定地告诉我们你是否来。根据汉语提示“肯定地”可知，应填副词definitely，修饰动词tell作状语。故填definitely。 32．There has been a (充足的) input of resources into the project from industry. 【答案】sufficient/ufficient 【详解】考查形容词。句意：工业界为该项目投入了充足的资源。根据汉语提示“充足的”可知，空格处应用单词“sufficient”，意为“充足的”，为形容词，在句中作定语。故填sufficient。 33．Before I make a decision, I need time to (仔细考虑). 【答案】reflect 【详解】考查动词。句意：在做决定之前，我需要时间仔细考虑。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“仔细考虑”应用reflect，为动词，且这里应用原形与前面to构成不定式。故填reflect。 34．Doctors (认为) that stress is caused by too much work. 【答案】assume 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：医生们认为压力是由过多的工作引起的。设空处使用动词作谓语，assume意为“假定，认为”，符合句意。根据后文的is可知，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时；句中主语为Doctors，谓语动词assume应用原形。故填assume。 35．Our plans need to be (灵活的，变通的) enough to meet the needs of everyone. 【答案】flexible 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们的计划需要足够灵活，以满足每个人的需求。结合汉语提示，形容词flexible作表语。故填flexible。 36．She (忽视，不理) him and carried on with her work. 【答案】ignored 【详解】考查时态。句意：她不理他，继续工作。结合汉语提示“忽视，不理”，用动词ignore，再结合并列谓语carried on with，时态用一般过去时。故填ignored。 37．What (科目) do you like best? 【答案】subject 【详解】考查名词。句意：你最喜欢什么科目？根据汉语提示“科目”可知，此处应填名词subject作宾语，subject表示“科目”时为可数名词，根据语境可知此处指最喜欢的科目，用单数形式即可。故填subject。 38．The organization launched a campaign to (促进) awareness of environment protection. 【答案】promote 【详解】考查动词原形。句意：该组织发起一项运动以促进环保意识。中文是“促进”，对应英文动词promote，不定式作目的状语，该空用动词原形形式。故填promote。 39．It is most (不大可能的) that she will pass the driving test. 【答案】unlikely 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她通过驾驶考试的可能性极小。结合汉语提示，用形容词unlikely (不大可能的)作表语。故填unlikely。 40．Would you take part in the (竞赛) this Sunday? 【答案】competition 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个星期天你会参加竞赛吗？根据汉语提示“竞赛”可知，此处应填名词competition作宾语，competition表示“竞赛”时为可数名词，此处特指这个星期天的竞赛，用单数形式即可。故填competition。 41．Please talk about the problem with your (同伴). 【答案】partner 【详解】考查名词。句意：请和你的同伴谈谈这个问题。“同伴”是名词partner，作介词with宾语，此处是指一个同伴，因此用单数，故填partner。 42．The path is the only (路径) to the town. 【答案】approach 【详解】考查名词。句意：这条路是通往小镇的唯一途径。根据汉语提示“路径”可知，此处应填名词approach作表语，approach作名词时，可表示“途径，方法，路径”，为可数名词，根据空格前the only可知，此处应用其单数形式。故填approach。 43．Our class has won the first (奖) in the speech contest. 【答案】prize 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们班在演讲比赛中得了第一名。“奖”是prize，空前有the first，空格处用单数，故填prize。 44．We followed the (小路，小径) to the small village. 【答案】path 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们沿着这条小路前往那个小村庄。根据汉语提示“小路，小径”，以及上文定冠词the可知，此处应填名词path，作followed的宾语，此处特指到那个小村庄的路，用单数形式。故填path。 45．What (百分比) of the students have passed the test?  【答案】percentage 【详解】考查名词。句意：有多少百分比的学生通过了测试？“百分比”作主语，用名词percentage。故填percentage。 46．All citizens should help the police in (跟踪) the thief down. 【答案】tracking 【详解】考查动词。句意：所有公民都应该协助警方追踪小偷。根据汉语提示“跟踪”可知，此处使用动词track，用动名词形式，作in的宾语。故填tracking。 47．I don’t know when my dictionary (消失, 不见). 【答案】disappeared 【详解】考查动词。句意：我不知道我的字典什么时候消失了。根据汉语提示“消失，不见”，此处为宾语从句的谓语动词，结合语境，“消失”这个动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填disappeared。 48．He lost his health, and (因此) his difficulties increased. 【答案】therefore 【详解】考查副词。句意：他失去了健康，因此困难增加了。根据汉语提示“因此”，此处需用副词作状语，连接前后两个分句，表示因果关系，therefore为副词，意为“因此，所以”，符合语境。故填therefore。 49．The young graduate has just found a job in a research (机构，研究院). 【答案】institute 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位年轻的毕业生刚刚在一家研究机构找到了一份工作。根据汉语提示“机构，研究院”可知，本空用名词institute，且由不定冠词a可知，此处用名词单数形式，作in的宾语。故填institute。 50．The job (使参与) me travelling all over the world. 【答案】involves 【详解】考查动词。句意：这份工作需要我周游世界。根据汉语提示可知用动词involve，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为job，谓语用三单形式。故填involves。 51．Somalia, a small country in Africa , is mostly (沙漠). 【答案】desert 【详解】考查名词。句意：索马里是非洲的一个小国，大部分地区都是沙漠。表示“沙漠”使用名词desert，在句中作表语，故填desert。 52．During summer vocation, my friend always works hard, moving (砖，砖块). 【答案】bricks 【详解】考查名词。句意：暑假期间，我的朋友总是努力工作搬砖。表示“砖，砖块”使用名词brick，为可数名词，前面无限定词，应填复数形式表示泛指，在句中作宾语，故填bricks。 53．The car has come complete with (电池). 【答案】batteries 【详解】考查名词。句意：这辆汽车配备了电池。表示“电池”使用名词battery，battery是可数名词，前面无限定词，应用名词复数表示泛指，作介词with的宾语。故填batteries。 54．Last weekend, we had a writing (竞赛) and I won the first prize. 【答案】contest 【详解】考查名词。句意：上周末，我们举办了一场写作竞赛，我获得了一等奖。根据汉语提示“竞赛”可知，本空用名词competition，由不定冠词a可知，此处用单数形式，作宾语。故填competition。 55．Denmark is a small country, (回收利用) nearly 85% of its paper. 【答案】recycling 【详解】考查动词。句意：丹麦是一个小国家，回收了近85%的纸张。表示“回收利用”使用动词recycle，和逻辑主语Denmark之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填recycling。 56．I have put an (广告) in the local paper to sell my old car. 【答案】advertisement 【详解】考查名词。句意：我在当地报纸上登了一则广告要卖掉我的旧车。根据汉语提示“广告”可知，本空用名词advertisement，且由不定冠词an可知，此处用单数形式，作宾语。故填advertisement。 57．Have you got your own ？ (交通工具) 【答案】transport 【详解】考查名词。句意：你有自己的交通工具吗？根据汉语提示“交通工具”以及空格前的“your own”可知，此处应填名词transport作宾语，transport表示“交通工具”时，为不可数名词。故填transport。 58．The little boy has a special way to (欣赏) famous paintings. 【答案】appreciate 【详解】考查动词。句意：这个小男孩有一种独特的欣赏名画的方式。根据汉语提示可知用动词appreciate，此处为不定式作后置定语。故填appreciate。 59．This is a (纪录片) film of a son of a miner. 【答案】documentary 【详解】考查名词。句意：这是一部关于一个矿工儿子的纪录片。根据汉语提示“纪录片”可知，本空用名词documentary，作定语，修饰film，a documentary film“一部纪录片”。故填documentary。 60．He was a talented musician in his (少年时期)。 【答案】youth 【详解】考查名词。句意：他年轻时是一位才华横溢的音乐家。根据汉语提示和空格前的介词in可知，空格处应该用名词youth作宾语。故填youth。 二、单句语法填空50题 1．Jane witnessed the whole process of holes in the roof (plug) with mud. 【答案】plugged 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Jane目睹了屋顶的洞被泥堵住的整个过程。分析句子结构，谓语动词是witnessed，空处需填非谓语动词。holes in the roof与plug是被动关系，即洞被堵住，此处用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填plugged。 2．When the truck (load) with blankets and supplies arrived, the local people began to unload them. 【答案】loaded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当满载毯子和供应品的卡车到达时，当地人开始卸货。从句中arrived为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。load与逻辑主语truck构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，修饰truck。故填loaded。 3．We should try to use more electricity (generate) by the sun and wind. 【答案】generated 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们应该尝试更多地使用由太阳能和风能产生的电力。空处作后置定语，修饰名词electricity，需用非谓语动词形式，generate和electricity为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填generated。 4．Newspaper and audio equipment have been provided to keep local employees (inform) of the present affairs in Zambia. 【答案】informed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：已经提供了报纸和音响设备，以便当地员工了解赞比亚的时事动态。本句谓语为have been provided，空处为非谓语动词，且employees与inform为被动关系，应用过去分词informed，作宾补。故填informed。 5．A paper (publish) last week in Psychological Science brings a new kind of support to this idea. ( 【答案】published 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：上周发表在《心理科学》上的一篇论文为这一观点提供了一种新的支持。分析句子结构可知，此空考查非谓语，主语A paper与publish为被动关系，再由语境可知，这里应用过去分词作定语。故填published。 6．Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you (go). 【答案】going 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在选择在线学习之前，考虑一下你是否是一个自我激励的学习者，以及这些材料是否足够有趣，能让你坚持下去。动词短语keep sb. doing“使某人持续进行某动作”符合题意，因此用go的现在分词形式，作宾语补足语。故填going。 7．In conservative districts, bearded men (wear) skullcaps and baggy trousers devoutly (虔诚地) pray, while women won’t leave their houses without head coverings. 【答案】wearing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在保守地区，戴着无边帽、穿着宽松裤子的大胡子男人虔诚地祈祷，而女人们不会不戴头巾就出门。第一分句的谓语动词是pray，故此空需要非谓语动词作定语，修饰前面的bearded men。该动词和修饰的名词之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词。故填wearing。 8．In the YouGov poll, 56 percent of the Tory party members (survey) said that winning the next election was the most important issue. 【答案】surveyed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据YouGov的民意调查显示，56%接受调查的保守党成员表示，赢得下一次选举是最重要的议题。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰空格前的the Tory party members，动词survey与the Tory party members之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以，用过去分词surveyed作后置定语。故填surveyed。 9．He showed his ticket to the (conduct) and got on. 【答案】conductor 【详解】考查名词。句意：他向售票员出示了车票，然后上了车。根据空前的定冠词the可知，此处应填名词作介词后的宾语，conductor，意为“售票员；列车员”，为可数名词，由语境可知，这里应用单数形式表“某一个售票员”，符合语境。故填conductor。 10．Daily assignments not (complete) during class will get a zero. 【答案】completed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：课堂上未完成的日常作业将记零分。句中已有谓语will get，所以动词complete应用非谓语动词形式，因其与被修饰词Daily assignments之间为被动关系，即作业被完成，所以应用过去分词形式作定语。故填completed。 11．With over 2,500 bikes (store) in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. 【答案】stored 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们在五个战略位置的租赁店中存放了2500多辆自行车，确保您随时都能租到自行车。此处为“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的复合结构，宾语bikes与store之间为被动关系，即自行车被存放，所以应用store的过去分词形式stored作宾语补足语。故填stored。 12．I see other trains coming and going. I also do not know their (destination). 【答案】destinations 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：我看到其他火车来来往往。我也不知道它们的目的地。空处作know的宾语；需用名词destination“目的地”，由空前their可知，空处名词需用复数形式。故填destinations。 13． (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of the Changchun City. 【答案】Dating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：长春南湖公园始建于1933年，位于长春市西南部。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词is located，空处需用非谓语动词,date from意为“始于……，追溯到……”，与主语“the South Lake Park”之间是主动关系，此处需用现在分词作状语，句首首字母大写。故填Dating。 14．Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better (globe) coverage. 【答案】global 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他们的研究表明，大量仅作观测记录的数据并没有带来更好的全球覆盖范围。修饰名词coverage用形容词global，作定语。故填global。 15．First, a girl I met one day told me she was training for a “super”, (refer) to a 52.4-mile double marathon. 【答案】referring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：首先，有一天我遇到一个女孩，她告诉我自己正在为一项“超级赛事”进行训练，该赛事指的是一次52.4英里的双程马拉松比赛。此处refer与super构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填referring。 16．We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through (perform), art exhibitions and art-making activities. 【答案】performances 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们期待着您的到来，届时我们将通过表演、艺术展览以及艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界所展现出的创造力。作介词的宾语，用名词performance，根据后文art exhibitions and art-making activities可知，此处数量大于一用复数形式。故填performances。 17．They are so busy that they have no time to make (arrange) for the activity. 【答案】arrangements 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们太忙了，没有时间安排活动。空处作make的宾语，应用名词。arrangement意为“安排”，为可数名词。空前没有限定词修饰，所以应用名词复数，make arrangements for意为“为……作出安排”。 故填arrangements。 18．In fact, a new technology is (likely) to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage. 【答案】unlikely 【详解】考查形容词。句意：事实上，如果没有明显的优势，新技术不太可能取代旧技术。空处作表语。根据without a clear advantage可知，在没有明显优势的情况下，新技术不太可能取代旧技术。形容词unlikely意为“不大可能发生的”符合语境。故填unlikely。 19．I would recommend that you try (simplify) classic literature, such as short stories and novels rewritten in simple English. 【答案】simplified 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我建议你尝试阅读简化的经典文学作品，比如那些用简单英语重新创作的短篇小说和长篇小说。所填词作定语修饰名词classic literature(经典文学作品)，classic literature与动词simplify之间是被动关系，用过去分词作前置定语，表被动。故填simplified。 20．You’d better keep a dictionary close at hand so that you can look up (familiar) words in it. 【答案】unfamiliar 【详解】考查形容词。句意：你最好随身携带一本词典，以便在其中查找不熟悉的单词。根据常识可知，词典用于查找不熟悉的单词，因此需将familiar变为反义词unfamiliar（形容词），作定语修饰words，意为“不熟悉的单词”。故填unfamiliar。 21．By taking exercise regularly, I have grown healthy not only physically, but also (mental) in the past few years. 【答案】mentally 【详解】考查副词。句意：在过去的几年里，通过定期锻炼，我不仅身体健康，而且精神健康。此处与“physically”并列，共同修饰形容词“healthy”，需用副词作状语，mental为形容词，意为“精神的”，其副词形式是mentally，意为“精神上”，符合语境。故填mentally。 22．What was her (react) to the news you told her yesterday? 【答案】reaction 【详解】考查名词。句意：她对你昨天告诉她的消息有什么反应？此处her为形容词性物主代词，后需名词，作主语；react是动词，其名词形式为reaction，意为“反应”。故填reaction。 23．His (determine) to marry her is now much stronger than ever. 【答案】determination 【详解】考查名词。句意：他娶她的决心现在比以往更强烈。空格前有形容词性物主代词His，需填入名词形式；determine的名词形式为determination，不可数，表示“决心”，作主语。故填determination。 24．Either you or one of your students (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 【答案】is 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：要么你，要么你的一个学生要参加明天的会议。either...or...连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词需遵循“就近原则”，即与离谓语动词最近的主语保持一致。本句中离谓语动词较近的主语是one of your students，为单数形式，且根据“that is due tomorrow”可知，句子描述的是将来的情况，be to do结构表示按照计划或安排将要发生的事情，所以be动词用is。故填is。 25．I would appreciate it if you could have a frequent talk with me and provide me with (time) help. 【答案】timely 【详解】考查形容词。句意：如果你能经常和我交谈并及时给我提供帮助，我将不胜感激。形容词timely作定语修饰名词。故填timely。 26．Why not take action now to manage our precious time (effective), thus producing better results? 【答案】effectively 【详解】考查副词。句意：为什么现在不采取行动，有效地管理我们宝贵的时间，从而产生更好的结果呢？设空处修饰动词manage作状语，应用副词，故填effectively。 27． (equip) with all kinds of facilities, our school is beautiful as well as modern. 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们学校配备了各种设施，既美观又现代化。句中已有谓语动词“is”，且无连词，所以空格处应用非谓语动词，所给词“equip”与逻辑主语“our school”之间为被动关系，即“学校被配备设施”，所以此处应用过去分词equipped作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Equipped。 28． (locate) in the northwest of Guanghan City, Sichuan Province, Sanxingdui is known as one of the greatest archaeological discoveries in the world. 【答案】Located 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：三星堆遗址位于四川省广汉市西北部，是世界最伟大的考古发现之一。“________ (locate) in the northwest of Guanghan City”修饰主语“Sanxingdui”，描述其位置属性，be located in意为“位于，坐落在”，此处为非谓语，用过去分词located作定语；句首单词首字母大写，故填Located。 29．The quarrel (occur) when we were discussing whether we should go out for a big dinner for the celebration of our football team winning the game last weekend. 【答案】occurred 【详解】考查时态。句意：争吵发生在上周我们讨论是否应该出去吃一顿大餐来庆祝我们足球队赢得比赛的时候。根据时间状语“last weekend”和“when we were discussing...”可知，争吵发生在过去，所以空处需用一般过去时，谓语动词使用过去式。故填occurred。 30．Born in 1756, Austria, Mozart deserves his status as one of the most popular (compose) worldwide. 【答案】composers 【详解】考查名词。句意：莫扎特1756年出生于奥地利，他当之无愧是世界上最受欢迎的作曲家之一。分析句子可知，设空处应填名词作宾语，“作曲家”是composer，且one of后接可数名词复数形式，故填composers。 31．Let us join hands to protect the clear waters and lush mountains, for they are the foundation of our (survive) and the source of our happiness. 【答案】survival 【详解】考查名词。句意：让我们携手保护清澈的水和郁郁葱葱的山脉，因为它们是我们生存的基础和我们幸福的源泉。根据句中protect the clear waters and lush mountains可知，此处表示清澈的水和郁郁葱葱的山脉是我们生存的基础，空处位于形容词性物主代词our之后，应用名词survival作宾语，表示“生存”，作介词of的宾语。故填survival。 32．Additionally, we can learn much from our (partner) by cooperating with them. 【答案】partners 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：此外，通过与伙伴合作，我们能从他们身上学到很多。partner是可数名词，意为“伙伴；搭档”，根据them可知，这里指多个伙伴，所以应用其复数形式partners作宾语。故填partners。 33．How are you? I’m happy to know you are in charge of a teenage art (exhibit) next month. 【答案】exhibition 【详解】考查名词。句意：你好吗？我很高兴得知你负责下个月的一个青少年艺术展览。此处需用名词作介词“of”的宾语，所给词“exhibit”作动词时意为“展览；展示”，其名词形式是exhibition，空前有不定冠词a，所以此处应用单数形式。故填exhibition。 34．The success or ( fail ) of the project depends on you. 【答案】failure 【详解】考查名词。句意：这个项目的成败取决于你。句中“success or...”结构需要一个与 “success”（名词，意为“成功”）并列的名词。所给词“fail”是动词，意为“失败”，其对应的名词形式是“failure”，符合语境。故填failure。 35．With the demand from wholesalers (grow) rapidly, the couple are constantly busy improving their products. 【答案】growing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：由于批发商的需求增长迅速，这对夫妇一直在不断努力改进他们的产品。此处grow与demand构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填growing。 36．At that time Lin was even seen (ride) a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. 【答案】riding 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当时，林甚至被看到骑着驴到遥远的村庄提供医疗服务。句中已有谓语was seen，空处作非谓语动词，ride与逻辑主语Lin之间是主动关系，且强调“被看到正在骑着驴”，所以空处应用现在分词形式，作主语补足语。故填riding。 37．In order to get to know the growth of the new species, please keep me (inform) of any development. 【答案】informed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了了解新物种的生长情况，请随时告知我任何进展。句中keep为谓语动词，空处要填非谓语动词。此处为“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，inform与宾语me之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填informed。 38．Before being allowed to dive in the ocean, the trainees were introduced to the scuba equipment in the (swim) pool. 【答案】swimming 【详解】考查动名词。句意：在被允许下海潜水之前，学员们先被介绍了游泳池里的水肺设备。swimming pool是固定用法，意为“游泳池”，因此空格处是swimming，是动名词作定语，故填swimming。 39．The long-term effort finally paid when I performed perfectly at the concert. 【答案】off 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：当我在音乐会上表现完美时，长期的努力终于有了回报。pay off是固定短语，意为“取得成功；得到回报”，符合语境。故填off。 40．The young (be) the vital forces in our society. 【答案】are 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：年轻人是我们社会中的重要力量。这里考查谓语动词，此空时态应用一般现在时表客观情况，the young，指“年轻人”这一群体，作主语时视为复数概念，谓语动词用are。故填are。 41．The driver changed lanes, (signal) his intention with the turn indicator. 【答案】signalling/signaling 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：司机变更了车道，通过转向灯示意了自己的意图。此处signal与driver构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填signalling/signaling。 42．Mary’s new (acquire) were two dresses, a hat and a pair of shoes. 【答案】acquisitions 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：玛丽新添的东西是两条裙子、一顶帽子和一双鞋。本空作主语，此处应用名词形式acquisition“购得物，购置物”，为可数名词，根据were可知，此处应用复数形式。故填acquisitions。 43．To put it (simple), computer skills are vital to today’s learners. 【答案】simply 【详解】考查副词。句意：简而言之，计算机技能对今天的学习者至关重要。空处修饰动词put“说，表达”，应用副词simply“简单地”，短语to put it simply意为“简而言之，简单来说”。故填simply。 44．As a child, he is curious everything. 【答案】about 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：小时候，他对一切事物都很好奇。表示“对……好奇”用固定搭配be curious about。故填about。 45．Poverty, disease and (ignore) remain major world problems. 【答案】ignorance 【详解】考查名词。句意：贫困、疾病和无知仍然是世界上的主要问题。设空处使用ignore的名词形式作主语，其名词形式是ignorance，为不可数名词。故填ignorance。 46．No one can tell for sure when the world came into (exist). 【答案】existence 【详解】考查名词。句意：没有人能确切地说出世界是何时开始存在的。come into existence是固定短语，意为 “开始存在；形成；产生”，这里需用 exist的名词形式existence作宾语。故填existence。 47．I’ve acquired a taste African music since my trip last year to Nigeria. 【答案】for 【详解】考查介词。句意：自从去年去尼日利亚旅行以来，我对非洲音乐产生了兴趣。acquire a taste for，表示“对……产生兴趣”为固定短语。故填for。 48．A lot of people make an (assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World. 【答案】assumption 【详解】考查名词。句意：许多人做出一个假设，认为贫困只存在于第三世界。空格前有不定冠词an，空格后是名词assumption作make的宾语，assume其名词形式是assumption，意为“假设”，这里make an assumption意为“做出一个假设”，符合语境。故填assumption。 49．The school isn’t the one I really want to go to, but I suppose I’ll just have to make the (good) of it. 【答案】best 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：这所学校并非是我真正想去的，但我想我只能尽量好好利用它了。根据句意及空格前后的内容可知，此处应填入best，与前面的make the和后面的of构成固定短语make the best of...，意为“尽量利用”。故填best。 50．The environmentalists said that wild goats’ appearance on the vast grasslands was a good (indicate) of the better environment. 【答案】indication 【详解】考查名词。句意：环保人士说，野生山羊出现在广阔的草原上是环境好转的一个很好的迹象。good是形容词，修饰名词，空格处意为“迹象”，空前有a，空格处用单数，故填indication。 题型一 阅读理解 （2025·北京朝阳·高三下二次六联）In the genetic age, ecologists’ jobs are made much easier by two things. One is that every organism carries its own chemical identity card, in the form of its genome (基因组). The second is that they drop these ID cards everywhere they go. Urine, bits of fur stuck to a hedge, even shed skin cells: all deposit DNA into the environment. Cheap gene sequencing allows scientists to harvest this “environmental DNA” (eDNA) from soil, sand, water and the like, and use it to keep track of which species are living where. “Every organism,” of course, includes humans. In a paper published on May 15th in Nature Ecology & Evolution, a group of researchers from America and Europe report that such eDNA surveys pick up large quantities of human DNA as well as the animal sort. That DNA can be read—and potentially matched with individuals—by anyone with the right equipment.   The researchers did not set out to study “inadvertent human genetic bycatch”, as they call the phenomenon. The work began at the Witney Sea Turtle Hospital in Florida, during an investigation into a viral turtle disease. The researchers sampled water from the turtle’s tanks, as well as from ocean water and beaches upon which the creatures nested, looking for viral DNA．   They expected to sweep up DNA from other species during their trawl (拖网). What was surprising, according to Jessica Farrell, a biologist at the Witney Hospital and one of the paper’s authors, was just how much human DNA they found. Even though many of their sampling sites were not near towns and cities, they found human genetic material in every sample they examined.   Interested, they expanded their search. In both Florida and in Ireland they found human DNA in rivers, with concentrations especially high as they flowed through towns. They found it in beach sand, and even in air from rooms in which humans had been working. Human DNA is not quite everywhere: it was not detectable in deep ocean water, or on remote beaches closed to the public. But anywhere that humans are, their DNA appears to be as well. In one sense, that is unsurprising. But advances in gene-sequencing meant there was enough information in the samples to deduce plenty of things about the humans in question. The researchers could pick out males thanks to DNA from the Y chromo some. They could infer an individual’s ancestry, and even spot mutations (突变) that affect a person’s disease risk. David Duffy, another of the paper’s authors, said the amount and quality of the DNA they recovered “far exceeded” the minimum necessary to be included in America’s database of missing people. Dr Duffy and his colleagues did not try to identify individuals in their study, for moral reasons. But they had no doubt it could be done. 27．Which of the following about eDNA is true according to the passage? A．It provides a way to track the migration of animals. B．It allows researchers to restore individual organisms. C．It can be easily collected from all types of environments. D．It contains a wealth of genetic information about various species. 28．In this passage, the word “inadvertent” (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to “__________”. A．familiar B．accidental C．insensitive D．regular 29．What can be inferred from the passage? A．The application of eDNA for identity confirmation has aroused concern. B．As expected, the researchers detected much human eDNA in their search. C．An individual’s gender and ancestry can be confirmed by means of eDNA． D．eDNA is instrumental in upgrading America’s database of missing people. 30．Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A．Unintended Discoveries in Turtle Disease Research B．The Ecological Significance of Environmental DNA C．Human DNA’s Prevalence in Environmental Samples D．Using Genetic Information to Identify Missing Persons 【答案】27．D 28．B 29．A 30．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是人类DNA在环境样本中的普遍存在及其相关应用。 27．细节理解题。根据第一段“One is that every organism carries its own chemical identity card, in the form of its genome.(一是每个生物都有自己的化学身份证，以基因组的形式存在。)”和“Urine, bits of fur stuck to a hedge, even shed skin cells: all deposit DNA into the environment. Cheap gene sequencing allows scientists to harvest this “environmental DNA” (eDNA) from soil, sand, water and the like, and use it to keep track of which species are living where.(尿液，粘在树篱上的皮毛，甚至脱落的皮肤细胞：所有这些都将DNA沉积到环境中。廉价的基因测序使科学家能够从土壤、沙子、水等中获取这种“环境DNA”(eDNA)，并用它来跟踪哪些物种生活在哪里。)”可知，“环境DNA”里有DNA，而DNA包含了物种的遗传信息，因此关于eDNA正确的说法是D选项“It contains a wealth of genetic information about various species.(它包含了各种物种的丰富遗传信息。)”，故选D。 28．词句猜测题。根据第三段“The work began at the Witney Sea Turtle Hospital in Florida, during an investigation into a viral turtle disease.(这项工作始于佛罗里达州的Witney Sea Turtle Hospital，当时正在调查一种海龟病毒性疾病。)”和第四段“What was surprising, according to Jessica Farrell, a biologist at the Witney Hospital and one of the paper’s authors, was just how much human DNA they found.(据惠特尼医院的生物学家、该论文的作者之一Jessica Farrell说，令人惊讶的是他们发现了如此多的人类DNA。)”可知，人类DNA是无意中被发现的，划线词所在句子表示“研究人员称这种现象为“无意的人类遗传副产品”，但他们并没有开始研究这种现象”，划线词inadvertent的意思是“无意的”，和accidental意思相近。故选B。 29．推理判断题。根据最后一段“David Duffy, another of the paper’s authors, said the amount and quality of the DNA they recovered “far exceeded” the minimum necessary to be included in America’s database of missing people. Dr Duffy and his colleagues did not try to identify individuals in their study, for moral reasons.(该论文的另一位作者David Duffy说，他们找到的DNA的数量和质量“远远超过”纳入美国失踪人口数据库的最低要求。出于道德原因，Dr Duffy和他的同事们并没有试图在他们的研究中识别个体。)”可知，eDNA在身份确认中的应用引起了人们的担忧。故选A。 30．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“In a paper published on May 15th in Nature Ecology & Evolution, a group of researchers from America and Europe report that such eDNA surveys pick up large quantities of human DNA as well as the animal sort.(在5月15日发表在《自然生态与进化》杂志上的一篇论文中，来自美国和欧洲的一组研究人员报告说，这种eDNA调查收集了大量的人类和动物DNA。)”可知，本文主要讲的是人类DNA在环境样本中的普遍存在及其相关应用，因此本文最好的题目是C选项“Human DNA’s Prevalence in Environmental Samples(人类DNA在环境样本中的普遍存在)”。故选C。 2 （2025·北京朝阳·二模） Chinook salmon and their habitats in Seattle’s Thornton Creek suffered severely due to urban expansion, causing flash floods and biodiversity loss. Despite restoration efforts, the once-abundant salmon all but disappeared. During a conference, biologist Katherine Lynch proposed rebuilding the creek’s missing “liver” damaged by urbanization. Lynch has been studying the hyporheic zone, a layer of wet sediment (沉积物), small stones and tiny creatures beneath the streambed. It facilitates water mixing and oxygen delivery to salmon eggs, earning the nickname “liver of the river.” The disappearance of this zone threatens the health of waterways. Lynch recognized that, however, most restoration efforts in Seattle overlooked it or disconnected it from the surface water. Teamed with engineer Mike Hrachovec, Lynch redesigned Thornton Creek. They strategically put logs into the water at precise angles to create tiny waterfalls and nearly still water pockets, generating hydraulic pressure to force water down into the hyporheic zone. These accurately placed logs and rocks, known as “hyporheic structures,” also create pockets of slow water that provide safe shelters for juvenile fish — all meant to emulate features of a natural stream. Subsequent data analysis confirmed the stream functioned as Lynch’s team — and nature — intended. But was the stream also supporting life? Given that the stone and sand positioned were sterile (贫瘠的) territory, Lynch thought that a biological jumpstart might be necessary and that the return of life to restored creeks relied on organisms migrating from healthy upstream habitats. So her team tried another ground-breaking move: inoculating (接种) the engineered hyporheic zone with microbes (微生物), which quickly populated the areas. But even though the number of individuals was high, the biodiversity was relatively low. A 2021 study by stream ecologist Sarah Morley noted that while a few of the new species grew rapidly, most were similar to those in unrestored section. Scientists are exploring reasons for the limited survival of introduced species, and because this science is so new, they have not ruled out any potential explanations: differences in the donor stream, size of the restored area, or poor water quality. They might have inoculated the hyporheic too soon, before essential vegetation could establish. The Thornton Creek restorations have successfully prevented neighbourhood flooding, even during heavy storms, and stabilized the stream’s flow. Most notably, Chinook salmon returned to lay eggs in the restored hyporheic zones, touching Lynch deeply. She recalls, “this success suggests that small urban creek restorations can revitalize functioning ecosystems.” 28．What does the underlined word “emulate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Record. B．Copy. C．Monitor. D．Transform. 29．What can be inferred about the microbial inoculation in Thornton Creek? A．It introduced essential vegetation. B．It restored the original biodiversity. C．It increased the total quantity of microbes. D．It sourced microbes from downstream habitats. 30．What can we learn from Lynch’s restoration project? A．It focused on increasing water oxygen levels. B．It recreated the conditions of the donor stream. C．It removed human-made structures from the creek. D．It integrated physical redesign with bio-intervention. 31．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．To Revive a River, Restore Its Liver. B．Urbanization: A Silent Killer of a River. C．Chinook Salmon Boost the Diversity of Ecosystems. D．What Makes the Hyporheic Zone Vital for Restoration?. 【答案】28．B 29．C 30．D 31．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家通过重建溪流“肝脏”——潜流带，成功恢复生态系统功能并使鲑鱼回归的生态修复过程。 28．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“They strategically put logs into the water at precise angles to create tiny waterfalls and nearly still water pockets, generating hydraulic pressure to force water down into the hyporheic zone. These accurately placed logs and rocks, known as “hyporheic structures,” also create pockets of slow water that provide safe shelters for juvenile fish — all meant to emulate features of a natural stream. (他们从策略上以精确的角度把原木放入水中，以制造出小瀑布和近乎静止的水洼，产生液压将水挤压进潜流带。这些精准放置的原木和石头被称为“潜流结构”，它们还形成了水流缓慢的区域，为幼鱼提供了安全的庇护所——这一切都是为了emulate自然溪流的特征)”可知，这些结构和设计都是为了模仿天然溪流的特征，所以“emulate”意思是“模仿”，与“copy”意思相近。故选B。 29．推理判断题。根据第四段中“But even though the number of individuals was high, the biodiversity was relatively low. (但是，尽管个体数量很高，生物多样性却相对较低)”以及“So her team tried another ground-breaking move: inoculating (接种) the engineered hyporheic zone with microbes (微生物), which quickly populated the areas. (于是，她的团队尝试了另一项开创性的举措：向经过改造的潜流带接种微生物，这些微生物迅速在这些区域大量繁殖)”可知，对桑顿溪进行微生物接种后，微生物数量迅速增加，但生物多样性相对较低。所以可以推断出微生物接种增加了微生物的总量。故选C。 30．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Teamed with engineer Mike Hrachovec, Lynch redesigned Thornton Creek. They strategically put logs into the water at precise angles to create tiny waterfalls and nearly still water pockets, generating hydraulic pressure to force water down into the hyporheic zone. (林奇与工程师迈克・赫拉乔韦茨合作，重新设计了桑顿溪。他们颇有策略地将原木以精确的角度放入水中，打造出微型瀑布和近乎静止的水洼，产生水压，迫使水流进入潜流带)”以及第四段中“So her team tried another ground-breaking move: inoculating (接种) the engineered hyporheic zone with microbes (微生物), which quickly populated the areas. (于是，她的团队尝试了另一项开创性的举措：向经过改造的潜流带接种微生物，这些微生物迅速在这些区域大量繁殖)”可知，林奇的修复项目既包括对溪流的物理重新设计，如放置原木和岩石来制造“潜流结构”，又包括生物干预，如对潜流带进行微生物接种，将两者结合起来，由此推知，林奇的修复项目将物理重新设计与生物干预相结合。故选D。 31．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是第一段中“During a conference, biologist Katherine Lynch proposed rebuilding the creek’s missing “liver” damaged by urbanization. (在一次会议上，生物学家凯瑟琳・林奇提议重建这条因城市化而受损、缺失的溪流“肝脏”)”可知，文章主要讲述了生物学家Katherine Lynch为了恢复西雅图桑顿溪的生态系统，提出重建被城市化破坏的溪流“肝脏”——潜流带的建议，并通过与工程师合作进行了一系列修复工作，最终取得了成功，使奇努克鲑鱼回到了修复后的潜流带产卵。A选项“To Revive a River, Restore Its Liver (要恢复一条河，先恢复它的“肝脏”)”能够很好地概括文章主旨，既体现了修复的对象是河流，又突出了恢复潜流带这一关键内容，是文章的最佳标题。故选A。 题型二 完形填空 （2025·北京朝阳·一模）New-born babies aren’t afraid of the dark. They don’t have a 1 of the dark yet; that comes later. One day, my 2-year-old daughter suddenly said, “Too dark!” after we turned out the light. She believed something was under the bed. To 2 her tears, I plugged in the desk lamp to prove there were no monsters. When I first started writing, I didn’t worry about the dark as I could create all kinds of stories. After graduation, I became a busy parent. My writing 3 . Nights that I would spend reading or thinking were gone. I wrote at 5 am before the 4 of the everyday housework—laundry, playdates and feedings—but soon nodded off. I was so 5 . Writing anxiety grew slowly. Worn out, I forgot to buy a nightlight. The desk lamp was too bright. A nightlight was enough to help my daughter see the outline of the bed. It would burn through the night, calming her fears. She didn’t need it to see; she needed it to feel 6 . In the basement I found an old plastic Christmas tree and took it up to her room. My daughter saw it and clapped 7 , “Light! My light!” It sits there year-round. A Christmas tree in July is odd, but perfect doesn’t 8 , and besides, it casts the ideal amount of light. In being a parent and a writer, there is no fixed 9 , no one way of doing things that is right; some things that we must do are odd. Many things bring the light. Some bring just enough light that you are no longer afraid. The shadowy light that says, Don’t be scared, write it! It is a light to 10 you, to keep you going. And it burns through the night, keeping the monsters at bay. 1．A．secret B．hope C．fear D．habit 2．A．wipe B．hide C．stop D．draw 3．A．slowed B．ceased C．improved D．increased 4．A．training B．division C．movement D．repetition 5．A．lonely B．tired C．focused D．energetic 6．A．safe B．quiet C．proud D．confident 7．A．shyly B．softly C．politely D．excitedly 8．A．last B．exist C．work D．arrive 9．A．need B．term C．bond D．routine 10．A．guide B．blind C．attract D．follow 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文是篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过对自身经历的叙述，鼓励人们要勇于追寻生命中的能指引你前行的那束光。 1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们还不害怕黑暗。A. secret秘密；B. hope希望；C. fear害怕；D. habit习惯。根据上句“New-born babies aren’t afraid of the dark.(刚出生的婴儿不怕黑。)”可知，这里指刚出生的婴儿对黑不害怕，以后才会有恐惧感。故选C。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了止住她的眼泪，我插上了台灯的插头，以证明没有怪物。A. wipe擦掉；B. hide隐藏；C. stop停止；D. draw绘画。根据“to prove there were no monsters”可知，女儿因为害怕有怪物所以哭泣，作者插上了台灯的插头是为了证明没有怪物，从而止住女儿的眼泪。故选C。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的写作慢了下来。A. slowed放慢速度；B. ceased终止；C. improved提高；D. increased增加。根据下文“I wrote at 5 am before the 　4　 of the everyday housework—laundry, playdates and feedings—but soon nodded off.(我在早上5点写作，然后开始重复每天的家务——洗衣服、玩伴和喂饭——但很快就睡着了。)”可知，作者每日忙于家务，非常疲惫，所以写作速度也变慢了。故选A。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在早上5点写作，然后开始重复每天的家务——洗衣服、玩伴和喂饭——但很快就睡着了。A. training训练；B. division分歧；C. movement运动；D. repetition重复。根据上文“I became a busy parent.(我成了一个忙碌的家长。)”和句中的“everyday housework”及常识可知，作者成为家长后非常忙碌，每天都要重复做琐碎的家务活。故选D。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我太累了。A. lonely孤独的；B. tired累的；C. focused专注的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据上句“I wrote at 5 am before the 　4　 of the everyday housework—laundry, playdates and feedings—but soon nodded off.(我在早上5点写作，然后开始重复每天的家务——洗衣服、玩伴和喂饭——但很快就睡着了。)”及下文“Worn out(感到筋疲力尽)”可知，作者每天都很忙碌及疲惫。故选B。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她需要它来感到安全。A. safe安全的；B. quiet安静的；C. proud自豪的；D. confident自信的。根据上文“It would burn through the night, calming her fears.(它会整夜亮着，安抚她的恐惧。)”可知，女儿需要这盏小夜灯安抚她的恐惧，让她不再害怕，有安全感。故选A。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我女儿看到了，兴奋地拍手：“光！我的光!”A. shyly害羞地；B. softly温柔地；C. politely礼貌地；D. excitedly兴奋地。根据女儿的欢呼““Light! My light!””可知，女儿看见圣诞树时是非常兴奋的。故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：七月的圣诞树是奇怪的，但完美是不存在的，而且，它投下了理想数量的光。A. last持续；B. exist存在；C. work工作；D. arrive到达。根据常识可知，世上没有完美的东西，所以完美是不存在的。故选B。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为父母和作家，没有固定的惯例，没有一种正确的做事方法。A. need需要；B. term学期；C. bond联系；D. routine惯例。根据句中“no one way of doing things that is right”和常识可知，作为父母和作家，没有什么正确的做事方法，可见也没有固定的生活方式和日常习惯。故选D。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它是一束指引你前进的光。A. guide引导、指引；B. blind蒙蔽；C. attract吸引；D. follow跟随。根据上句“The shadowy light that says, Don’t be scared, write it!(阴影的光说，不要害怕，写下来！)”和本句中“to keep you going”可知，这是一束指引你前行的光。故选A。 【2025北京卷】At 15, I excelled academically yet felt overshadowed and unnoticed. The ____1____ to stand out consumed me, pushing me towards a regrettable decision. One day, during a class in the IT lab with my classmates, our teacher mentioned missing computer parts. ____2____ looks exchanged, everyone wondered how it could happen in a(n) ____3____ lab. “It’s possible to open that lock with another key,” I said. Instantly, eyes turned to me with newfound interest and curiosity. It was a rush I had never experienced before. Enjoying all the eyes on me, I ____4____ how to open the lock. Little did I realize that single moment would ruin everything. The following day, called to the headmaster’s office, I found myself accused of stealing the missing parts. “I didn’t do it, sir,” I argued, but suspicion ____5____ his eyes. His repeated ____6____ intensified, pushing me to the edge of fear and tears. In a desperate attempt to escape the mounting pressure, I ____7____ confessed (承认). The headmaster asked my father to come to school, whose shaky faith in me brought a mix of relief and ____8____. My father gently asked me if I understood the gravity of my actions. ____9____, I confessed my misguided longing for recognition. In the headmaster’s office, my father listened attentively, and then spoke with quiet authority: “I trust my son. He is not a thief.” With my father’s support, I learned a valuable lesson: ____10____ cannot be forced; true recognition comes from honourable acts. 1. A. promise B. competition C. desire D. hesitation 2. A. Curious B. Hopeful C. Distant D. Envious 3. A. expensive B. locked C. modern D. abandoned 4. A. discovered B. recommended C. demonstrated D. imagined 5. A. caught B. clouded C. hurt D. brightened 6. A. questioning B. reminding C. complaining D. requesting 7. A. warmly B. readily C. randomly D. falsely 8. A. pride B. patience C. shame D. surprise 9. A. Generously B. Tearfully C. Carelessly D. Strangely 10. A. tolerance B. gratitude C. sympathy D. attention 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. D 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了15岁的作者为了引起关注分享开锁方法，却被怀疑偷电脑零件，在校长逼问下作者被迫承认，最后父亲表示相信作者，作者也明白了真正的认可来自高尚行为的道理。1.【答案】 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：引起注意的欲望吞噬着我，促使我做出了一个令人遗憾的决定。A. promise承诺；B. competition竞争；C. desire欲望；D. hesitation犹豫。根据前文“At 15, I excelled academically yet felt overshadowed and unnoticed.”可知，作者学业优秀却感觉不被关注，所以有引起注意的欲望。故选C项。 2.【答案】 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大家交换着好奇的眼神，都想知道在一个锁着的实验室里怎么会发生这种事。A. Curious好奇的；B. Hopeful有希望的；C. Distant遥远的；D. Envious嫉妒的。根据后文“everyone wondered how it could happen”可知，大家对电脑零件丢失这件事感到好奇。故选A项。 3.【答案】 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大家交换着好奇的眼神，都想知道在一个锁着的实验室里怎么会发生这种事。A. expensive昂贵的；B. locked锁着的；C. modern现代的；D. abandoned废弃的。根据后文“It’s possible to open that lock with another key”可知，实验室是锁着的。故选B项。 4.【答案】C 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：享受着所有人的目光，我演示了如何开锁。A. discovered发现；B. recommended推荐；C. demonstrated演示；D. imagined想象。根据前文作者的话“It’s possible to open that lock with another key”和“Instantly, eyes turned to me with newfound interest and curiosity.”可知，作者知道如何用其它钥匙开锁，为了享受大家的关注，所以演示了开锁方法。故选C项。 5.【答案】 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我没做，先生，”我争辩道，但他的眼中充满了怀疑。A. caught抓住；B. clouded使模糊，笼罩，显得阴沉（或恐惧、愤怒等）；C. hurt伤害；D. brightened使明亮。根据前文“I found myself accused of stealing the missing parts.”可知，校长怀疑作者，怀疑的神色笼罩在他眼中，眼中显示出怀疑的神色。故选B项。 6.【答案】 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他反复的询问加剧了，把我逼到了恐惧和流泪的边缘。A. questioning询问；B. reminding提醒；C. complaining抱怨；D. requesting请求。根据前文“His repeated”和后文“pushing me to the edge of fear and tears”可知，校长反复询问作者，让作者感到害怕。故选A项。 7.【答案】 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了摆脱不断增加的压力，我谎称自己有罪。A. warmly热情地；B. readily乐意地；C. randomly随机地；D. falsely错误地，不实地。根据前文“I didn’t do it, sir”可知，作者没偷东西，结合“In a desperate attempt to escape the mounting pressure”可知，作者为了摆脱压力，所以虚假地承认。故选D项。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：校长请父亲来学校一趟，他对我不太坚定的信任让我既感到一丝宽慰，又觉得羞愧难当。A. pride骄傲；B. patience耐心；C. shame羞愧；D. surprise惊讶。根据前文“In a desperate attempt to escape the mounting pressure, I ___7____ confessed (承认).”和“The headmaster asked my father to come to school”可知，作者被迫承认偷了东西，现在校长请来了父亲。结合常识，父亲的到来会带给处于困境中的作者一丝宽慰，但同时，作者也会因自己为了引起关注而犯下的错误感到羞愧。故选C项。 【9题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我泪流满面地承认了自己对认可的错误渴望。A. Generously慷慨地；B. Tearfully含泪地；C. Carelessly粗心地；D. Strangely奇怪地。根据前文“pushing me to the edge of fear and tears”和“In a desperate attempt to escape the mounting pressure, I ___7___confessed (承认).”可知，作者因为害怕和委屈流泪了，并被迫承认偷了东西。父亲来时，作者是含泪承认自己为了引起关注而犯下的错误。故选B项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了父亲的支持，我学到了宝贵的一课：关注不能强求；真正的认可来自高尚的行为。A. tolerance容忍；B. gratitude感激；C. sympathy同情；D. attention关注。根据前文“At 15, I excelled academically yet felt overshadowed and unnoticed.”可知，作者一直渴望得到关注，所以这里说关注不能强求。故选D项。 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第05讲 北师大版必修全三册词汇练透 目录 01 课标达标练 考向01 考查必修一词汇 考向02 考查必修二词汇 考向03 考查必修三词汇 02 核心突破练 03 真题溯源练 考向01 考查必修一词汇 1、 单词拼写50题 1．The school offers a variety of after-school activities, (范围是) from art clubs to science workshops. 2．At the Mid-Autumn Festival, families (团聚) to admire the shining moon. 3．Making dumplings at New Year's Eve is always an a (事情) with the whole family. 4．Eric instantly ran over to his father and w (低语) something into his ear. 5．He had （打算） to take a holiday in America before he came here. 6．Since I'm here, I'd like to try a （有代表性的） dish of this country. 7．I （联系） my uncle as soon as I went to Beijing. 8．The fear of traveling alone was softened after I made my way through the crowds to catch a bus headed d (往市中心). 9．I was （激励） by him as my example to work harder than ever before. 10． （另外）, a healthy body can give us much energy to face the busy school life. 11．I’ve come to accept that whatever (目标) I set for myself, they just have to be my own. 12．His (先前的) attempts had been unsuccessful. 13．I recommend that you talk to your friend about his b . 14．All Olympic a (运动员) gave an inspiring speech before the start of the games, motivating everyone to do their best. 15．Hurry up! The boss is running out of his (耐心). 16．He told me he would leave to ((去)拿来) the tools and asked me to stay where I was. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 17．When I came into the old man’s room, I saw a picture was (悬;挂) on a nail on the wall. 18．Honesty is a basic p (法则；原则) that should never be compromised in any relationship. 19．I have given you s (具体的；明确的) instructions. 20．He felt an overwhelming (渴望) to return home. 21．You sit here waiting for the call. (同时) I am making some arrangements. 22．The company was f (建立，创立) by a new graduate. 23．The flight was p (推迟，延误) on account of the bad weather. 24．You need to a the glue evenly on both surfaces to ensure a strong bond. 25．My friend recommend me a good Italian restaurant in the (市区的) area. 26．He is one of this country’s top (职业的) sportsmen 27．At the same time, we all go through (各种各样的) periods when we feel sad or alone. 28．Festivals have a wide (范围) of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religious, famous figures, and important events. 29．People set up a lot of （设备）to celebrate the festivals. 30．Though Henry was ill, he was still (有能力的) of writing compositions. 31．To be frank, both of them have the qualities and virtues (美德)that are (典型的)of American actors. 32．Moreover, music gave me hope and a sense of (满意). 33．To my great satisfaction, the boss thought I was completely qualified for the (职位). 34．He rushed to (迎接) her, sweeping his arms wide. 35．The boy was (急切的，热切的) to go to the amusement park with his parents. 36．This design is (稍微) different from that one. 37．Both buildings were badly a (影响) by the fire. 38．My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we (拖着身体) ourselves down the mountain towards home. 39．Jack is helpful and it is t of him to devote his spare time to doing voluntary work. 40．On hearing you achieving success, we’d like to express our sincere c to you. 41．A to protecting the wildlife, we establish many natural reserves. 42．Hearing you got admitted to your dream university, I couldn’t wait to send my (祝贺). 43．The students were (深深吸引) by the scientist’s amazing experiments. 44．The company plans to l (发行) a new line of products next month to attract more customers. 45．It took some two hours before the c (人群) was fully dispersed. 46．A committee was (建立) to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. 47．He dealt with the problem in a highly p (专业的) way, which was praised by his boss. 48．It is a common c (风俗) in this region to exchange gifts during the harvest festival. 49．She tried to clean her m (沾满泥的) boots before entering the house, but the mess seemed to spread everywhere. 50．We have always been told to eat more fruit and vegetables, which are rich in vitamins that can help to s our immune system. 51．It’s a great film and it (由……主演) a Spanish actor. 52．These measures would make a valuable (贡献) towards protecting cultural heritage. 53．It is important to water your flowers (定期地) to keep them alive. 54．The villagers were t by the floodwaters and had to be rescued by boat. 55．He has a strong (渴望) to travel around the world. 56．It’s very (便利的) to have a grocery store just a few blocks away from home. 57．Everyone should make a (贡献) to protecting the environment. 58．After the opening ceremony, students (解散) and straight away they ran happily to those games. 59．It has been c (证实) that the meeting will take place next week. 60．He gave a detailed a (描述) of what happened on the memorable night. 二、单句语填50题 51．The English language was settled by the 19th century two big changes in English happened. 52．For the adventurous, wild camping is a good way to escape the pressures of the day. 53．It can be imagined that comparable to the process of building previous scientific models, developing the “computer simulation” metaphor-based model will also be a hugely (reward) exercise. 54．At the thought of going to my new school, I felt a little (fright). 55．The earthquake which took place last week caused great damage the locals. 56．This is why Campbell has set out to raise ( aware ) of AI and its future now—several decades before these developments are expected to take place. 57．I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond (recognise). 58．The determined to the lonely island in the Pacific Ocean in order to write his new story about . (explore) 59．They have declared to end (race) prejudice in areas such as employment. 60．There are many ways to rest; one is a (peace)rest. 61．The fast economic development before 2016 was probably the most (power) engine driving the constant growth in the box-office income. 62．The (argue) between my colleagues didn’t stop until the meeting ended. 63．There are always some ups and downs in our lives, but it is the (suffer) that makes us stronger. 64．These developments illustrate China’s journey towards a modern and efficient transportation network that balances (convenient) with environmental responsibility. 65．Girls (prove) to be as capable as boys in class management because over 70 percent of the monitors in our school are girls. 66．He (undertake) the responsibility to take care of the patient just now. 67．Sometimes I wonder if there’s any (just) in this world. 68．The headmaster gave an (inspire) speech at the meeting. 69．After waiting for a long time, they (eventual) came up. 70．Though he was old, he felt (energy) and dynamic. 71．When you put this into water, a (chemistry) change happens. 72．I receive an (allow) of $50 a month. 73．You have to face the (real) that she is (real) a cheat. 74．He won’t go out without the (protect) of his brother. 75．The new policy will come into (operate) the next year. 76．He suffered a (lose) of $1,000 on the business last month. 77．Sorry, I can’t help you, for my English is very (limit). 78．All the people are (cheer) on this happy day. 79．It is unbelievable that Mr. Lucas leads a simple life in spite his great wealth. 80．Experiments of this kind (conduct) in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War. 81．As for (accommodate), you are expected to stay in our school dormitory. Besides, Chinese meals will be served in students’ canteen. 82．Additionally, applicants are expected to check the pine tree more than 3 times a day and take notes recording your (observe). 83．I’m a senior high school student with an outgoing (personal) and thus very willing to reach out to others and make new friends. (所给词的适当形式填空) 84．Through advanced technology, space ( explore), and futuristic societies, the stories inspire my imagination and curiosity. 85．What’s more, we are (create) and can keep up with modern science and technology. 86．To make full (prepare) for the match, I have made a specific training plan attached to the email for your reference. 87．There is no doubt that (honest) and willingness to help others are why we become charming. 88．London has always been my dream place to explore the English culture, but with too many choices, (recommend) from you will be valuable and highly appreciated. 89．During a fire drill (消防演习), you should meet outside of your residence hall and wait for (far) instructions. 90．After years of struggles, they became independent foreign countries in this technology. 91．Robert Southey was one of the most (respect) poets of his time. 92．We often get the first impression of people (base) on the colour of their skin or the manner in which they dress. 93．The animal, unique to China, is in danger of (extinct) in the next 25 years. 94．It has been reported that the (disappear) of the two port cities was caused by an underwater landslide. 95．Although the competitions may appear to be (harm) fun, some education professionals are concerned that they could have a negative effect on children. 96．He thinks the movie will be wonderful but it might be a little (scare) for younger children. 97．This was a time there were very few westerners living in China. 98．The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you will have to take control your schedule. 99．So if you are (passion) about something, stick to it and through hard work, you truly can make your dream come true. 100． summary, I think it’s very important to pay attention to our surrounding environment. 考向02 考查必修二词汇 1、 单词拼写50题 1．H (草药) are an essential component of traditional Chinese medicine. 2．A good (新闻工作者) should have strong communication skills and a sense of responsibility. 3．He is very g with his money and always donates to charities. 4．Please reply to (确认) your attendance. 5．The company enjoys a worldwide (名声) for the quality of design. 6．The l are more important to us than the dead. 7．He e (逃跑，逃脱)from the trapped bus this morning. 8．The news of his sudden d (死亡) left everyone in shock and sadness. 9．Scientists are searching for (有智慧的) life forms in other solar systems. 10．There are heated (争论) about whether General Shepherd was a hero or a war criminal. 11．He lived a simple life but was always c (满足的) with what he had. 12．Living alone teaches you (独立) and responsibility 13．I think such views are (肤浅的) and near­sighted. 14．I e (最终) realized I had to change my attitude toward medical practice. 15．The authorities have said they will attempt to m (维持) essential services. 16．He likes asking questions, and he is (好奇的) about everything. 17．He found his son (焦虑的；担心的) about maths and physics. 18．It is a day for people in China to show (尊敬) to seniors. 19．Pollution has a great (影响) on air quality. 20．The teachers spared no effort to (确保)that all students would be given an equal chance. 21．The old house was covered in (灰尘) after years of being empty. 22．The o (持续进行的) research project aims to find a cure for the rare disease. 23．All the s in the company are friendly. 24．Nowadays, many teenagers are a to online games, which affects their health. 25．The most e player on the basketball team never stops running. 26．We i (打断，中断) this programme to bring you an important news bulletin. 27．The l (风景) of villages often includes traditional farmhouses, winding rivers and ancient trees. 28．The heavy atmosphere was lifted, (取代) by a lively conversation. 29．He often takes the first place in various English competitions, which (证明) his excellent English proficiency. 30．In the digital age, protecting your online i (身份) is crucial to avoid being attacked online. 31．Recent years have witnessed the changes in public a (态度) to marriage 32．I think fairness and (公平，正义) is of great importance to society. 33．A team of nurses assisted the doctor in performing the (手术), which proved to be a great success eventually. 34．Every child has the (潜力) to succeed; it’s up to educators to help them unlock it.​ 35．This exhibition gave thousands of young people the opportunity to develop their (创造性的) skills. 36．The children played a (诡计) on their neighbors by hiding their mailboxes. 37．We shouldn’t j people based on how much money they have. 38．He a (尝试，努力) to climb the steep mountain alone, but had to give up due to bad weather. 39．One of the most (有效的) ways to reduce carbon emission is encouraging more people to use public transport. 40．It has been c (证实) that the meeting will take place next week. 41．He gave a detailed a (描述) of what happened on the memorable night. 42．The old man shared his life (智慧) with the younger generation patiently. 43．His (令人印象深刻的) talent for painting was noticed at a young age. 44．She rushed into her mother’s arms and gave her a big (拥抱). 45．Don’t miss this precious (机会)to study abroad. 46．He said he was going to be on d (值班) at the office this afternoon. 47．Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of these natural r (资源). 48． (显然), Thando forgot about our meeting today. 49．Parents often struggle to balance their (权威) with their children’s growing independence. 50．They had an a (争论) because of the trip. 51．He b (呼吸) deeply before jumping into the cold water. 52．In a (简洁的，简单的) chat, she realized money’s value lies in funding her daughter’s music lessons, not buying an expensive handbag. 53．We (向……表示敬意) the soldiers who fought for our country. 54．I attended an interesting (讲座) about AI yesterday. 55．She would often w (漫游) along the beach, collecting seashells and lost in her daydreams. 2、 单句语法填空50题 1．With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile (apply). 2．He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered terrible back pain. 3．He raised some problems in our plan and then proceeded (give) us some suggestions. 4．The first-ever American Laughing Championship requires the chosen laughers to face off against each other as the audience determines who has (attractive) laugh. 5．The population of the area (expect) to increase from 5.5 million to 7.5 million by 2034. 6．As well as expanding renewable energy generation, EU member states (seek) fossil fuels from other nations, such as gas from Qatar and oil from Saudi Arabia. 7．Health chiefs have warned of the risk of deaths from the “ferocious heat” set to hit Britain today and tomorrow as temperatures (predict) to soar to 40℃ for the first time on record. 8．The trade gets its name from the stuntman and assistant director at Universal Pictures in the 1920s who revolutionised how sound effects (use). 9．Besides, many parents have limited knowledge about what a (balance) diet is. 10．You do not need to read in the same way you would if you needed to (memory) something. 11．Going from junior high school to senior high school can be a (challenge)process for many teenagers. 12．With so many online posts (feature) the same places, it’s easy to feel like you’re missing out. 13．Over the last two years, some supermarkets started (sell) chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). 14．I find it (relax)  to sing a song with classmates between classes. 15．Some jobs may be more (stress) than others. 16．Mr. Wang is an (experience) teacher and always does well in teaching. 17．This programme was set up, which was intended (provide) help for the homeless. 18．Above all, those who are sensitive to music look humorous and (attract). 19．I applied four universities and was refused by all of them, which made me very upset. 20．Prof. Gracie, with all his (patient), asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not. 21．After his (graduate) from college, he went to the countryside to work as a teacher. 22．As far as I’m concerned, the best way to relax is (travel). 23．Our school is equipped with much advanced (equip) bought from abroad. 24．The company, however, now declines (comment) further on the subject. 25．The ordinary man made a (contribute) to charity, which contributed to some poor children   (attend) school. 26．There are very few moments in our lives where we have the privilege (witness) history taking place. 27．Campbell’s point is to wake up those responsible AI—the technology companies and world leaders. 28．Feeling motivated, I started running (regular), but then two things happened. 29．Professor Smith as well as his wife and two children (invite) to the party the other day. 30．This is a (week) newspaper, which comes out every Friday. 31．Married women have (tradition) been treated as dependent on their husbands. 32．Customers are not (suppose) to smoke in supermarkets. 33．I was (slight) embarrassed when he pointed out my shortcoming. 34．An old (retire) teacher was invited to give a talk at the meeting. 35．I’d like your (profession) advice which will do good to my job. 36．Students are (forbid) to talk aloud in the library. 37．The (decorate) of the room will be finished in three days. 38．Be careful. The road turns (sharp) to the right at this point. 39．We are (satisfy) that the problem was settled to everyone’s (satisfy). 40．The river is heavily (pollute), so we should try our best to get rid of (pollute). 41．When it rains, this road leading to his house becomes (mud). 42．As soon as the question was raised, the boy answered it (immediate). 43．We can’t see the house because it is (hide) in trees. 44．The mountain was (entire) covered in snow. 45．Nowadays (distant) is no problem on the Internet. 46．Joining a student (organise) can help you develop skills and make new friends who share similar interests. 47．The great success of this program has been largely due the support given by the 10 local businessmen. 48．Perhaps some people can get motivation from the need for success, but (other) are motivated by a fear of failure. 49．Simon made a big bamboo box (keep) the little sick bird till it could fly. 50．Please do not hesitate (ask) me if you have questions or require more information. 考向03 考查必修三词汇 一、单词拼写60题 1．All proposals s (提交) via email will receive an automated confirmation. 2． (工业的) technology has advanced rapidly in recent decades. 3．The school offers a variety of after-school activities, (范围是) from art clubs to science workshops. 4．The school allows (灵活的) choice of elective courses. 5．Folk songs are songs made up by (普通的) people like farmers or blacksmiths. 6．The tiger opened its mouth and exposed big and (锋利的) teeth. 7．When you go near the (自动的) door, it opens by itself. 8．They can use another key ( 策略) for conflict resolution: listening. 9．Their (利润) have fallen by 30 percent. 10．The construction work is expected to (继续进行) on schedule despite the recent weather challenges. 11．Ken just now (高声喊出) a warning telling people to get out of the way. 12．With each space mission comes greater insight, thus (激发) us to continue along the same path of adventure. 13． (围绕) by green trees, the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school. 14．They saw the man with a little girl s along behind him. 15．All the theories should be built on a f . 16．My English level got (提升) and I owed my improvement to my former English teacher. 17．The conservationists are working tirelessly to prevent the e (灭绝) of endangered species. 18．Charlie Chaplin’s life and career were full of ups and downs, but his (天赋) was second to none. 19．Hurricanes are called typhoons when (出现) in the Pacific Ocean. 20．Believing my novel could not be p (出版), I put it aside. 21．The children jumped with e (兴奋，激动) when they saw the Christmas tree. 22．At the Halloween party, children dressed in colorful c (服装，戏装) ran around the garden, laughing and shouting. 23．She (犹豫) slightly before answering the policeman’s question. 24．Parents and children should communicate more to narrow the generation (差距) between them. 25．Female students no longer have to worry about (性别) issues. 26．This dictionary tries to (简化) the meanings of words. 27．I tried all the delicious foods in Xi’an my friends had (推荐). 28．Children were fascinated by the plots in the simplified (经典的) novels. 29．I (记忆，想起) that I have read the news about this earthquake in a newspaper. 30．Over the years, there have been a number of different (技巧) to help designers approach this important point. 31．Please tell us (肯定地) whether you are coming or not. 32．There has been a (充足的) input of resources into the project from industry. 33．Before I make a decision, I need time to (仔细考虑). 34．Doctors (认为) that stress is caused by too much work. 35．Our plans need to be (灵活的，变通的) enough to meet the needs of everyone. 36．She (忽视，不理) him and carried on with her work. 37．What (科目) do you like best? 38．The organization launched a campaign to (促进) awareness of environment protection. 39．It is most (不大可能的) that she will pass the driving test. 40．Would you take part in the (竞赛) this Sunday? 41．Please talk about the problem with your (同伴). 42．The path is the only (路径) to the town. 43．Our class has won the first (奖) in the speech contest. 44．We followed the (小路，小径) to the small village. 45．What (百分比) of the students have passed the test?  46．All citizens should help the police in (跟踪) the thief down. 47．I don’t know when my dictionary (消失, 不见). 48．He lost his health, and (因此) his difficulties increased. 49．The young graduate has just found a job in a research (机构，研究院). 50．The job (使参与) me travelling all over the world. 51．Somalia, a small country in Africa , is mostly (沙漠). 52．During summer vocation, my friend always works hard, moving (砖，砖块). 53．The car has come complete with (电池). 54．Last weekend, we had a writing (竞赛) and I won the first prize. 55．Denmark is a small country, (回收利用) nearly 85% of its paper. 56．I have put an (广告) in the local paper to sell my old car. 57．Have you got your own ？ (交通工具) 58．The little boy has a special way to (欣赏) famous paintings. 59．This is a (纪录片) film of a son of a miner. 60．He was a talented musician in his (少年时期)。 二、单句语法填空50题 1．Jane witnessed the whole process of holes in the roof (plug) with mud. 2．When the truck (load) with blankets and supplies arrived, the local people began to unload them. 3．We should try to use more electricity (generate) by the sun and wind. 4．Newspaper and audio equipment have been provided to keep local employees (inform) of the present affairs in Zambia. 5．A paper (publish) last week in Psychological Science brings a new kind of support to this idea. ( 6．Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you (go). 7．In conservative districts, bearded men (wear) skullcaps and baggy trousers devoutly (虔诚地) pray, while women won’t leave their houses without head coverings. 8．In the YouGov poll, 56 percent of the Tory party members (survey) said that winning the next election was the most important issue. 9．He showed his ticket to the (conduct) and got on. 10．Daily assignments not (complete) during class will get a zero. 11．With over 2,500 bikes (store) in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. 12．I see other trains coming and going. I also do not know their (destination). 13． (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of the Changchun City. 14．Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better (globe) coverage. 15．First, a girl I met one day told me she was training for a “super”, (refer) to a 52.4-mile double marathon. 16．We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through (perform), art exhibitions and art-making activities. 17．They are so busy that they have no time to make (arrange) for the activity. 18．In fact, a new technology is (likely) to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage. 19．I would recommend that you try (simplify) classic literature, such as short stories and novels rewritten in simple English. 20．You’d better keep a dictionary close at hand so that you can look up (familiar) words in it. 21．By taking exercise regularly, I have grown healthy not only physically, but also (mental) in the past few years. 22．What was her (react) to the news you told her yesterday? 23．His (determine) to marry her is now much stronger than ever. 24．Either you or one of your students (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 25．I would appreciate it if you could have a frequent talk with me and provide me with (time) help. 26．Why not take action now to manage our precious time (effective), thus producing better results? 27． (equip) with all kinds of facilities, our school is beautiful as well as modern. 28． (locate) in the northwest of Guanghan City, Sichuan Province, Sanxingdui is known as one of the greatest archaeological discoveries in the world. 29．The quarrel (occur) when we were discussing whether we should go out for a big dinner for the celebration of our football team winning the game last weekend. 30．Born in 1756, Austria, Mozart deserves his status as one of the most popular (compose) worldwide. 31．Let us join hands to protect the clear waters and lush mountains, for they are the foundation of our (survive) and the source of our happiness. 32．Additionally, we can learn much from our (partner) by cooperating with them. 33．How are you? I’m happy to know you are in charge of a teenage art (exhibit) next month. 34．The success or ( fail ) of the project depends on you. 35．With the demand from wholesalers (grow) rapidly, the couple are constantly busy improving their products. 36．At that time Lin was even seen (ride) a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care. 37．In order to get to know the growth of the new species, please keep me (inform) of any development. 38．Before being allowed to dive in the ocean, the trainees were introduced to the scuba equipment in the (swim) pool. 39．The long-term effort finally paid when I performed perfectly at the concert. 40．The young (be) the vital forces in our society. 41．The driver changed lanes, (signal) his intention with the turn indicator. 42．Mary’s new (acquire) were two dresses, a hat and a pair of shoes. 43．To put it (simple), computer skills are vital to today’s learners. 44．As a child, he is curious everything. 45．Poverty, disease and (ignore) remain major world problems. 46．No one can tell for sure when the world came into (exist). 47．I’ve acquired a taste African music since my trip last year to Nigeria. 48．A lot of people make an (assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World. 49．The school isn’t the one I really want to go to, but I suppose I’ll just have to make the (good) of it. 50．The environmentalists said that wild goats’ appearance on the vast grasslands was a good (indicate) of the better environment. 题型一 阅读理解 （2025·北京朝阳·高三下二次六联）In the genetic age, ecologists’ jobs are made much easier by two things. One is that every organism carries its own chemical identity card, in the form of its genome (基因组). The second is that they drop these ID cards everywhere they go. Urine, bits of fur stuck to a hedge, even shed skin cells: all deposit DNA into the environment. Cheap gene sequencing allows scientists to harvest this “environmental DNA” (eDNA) from soil, sand, water and the like, and use it to keep track of which species are living where. “Every organism,” of course, includes humans. In a paper published on May 15th in Nature Ecology & Evolution, a group of researchers from America and Europe report that such eDNA surveys pick up large quantities of human DNA as well as the animal sort. That DNA can be read—and potentially matched with individuals—by anyone with the right equipment.   The researchers did not set out to study “inadvertent human genetic bycatch”, as they call the phenomenon. The work began at the Witney Sea Turtle Hospital in Florida, during an investigation into a viral turtle disease. The researchers sampled water from the turtle’s tanks, as well as from ocean water and beaches upon which the creatures nested, looking for viral DNA．   They expected to sweep up DNA from other species during their trawl (拖网). What was surprising, according to Jessica Farrell, a biologist at the Witney Hospital and one of the paper’s authors, was just how much human DNA they found. Even though many of their sampling sites were not near towns and cities, they found human genetic material in every sample they examined.   Interested, they expanded their search. In both Florida and in Ireland they found human DNA in rivers, with concentrations especially high as they flowed through towns. They found it in beach sand, and even in air from rooms in which humans had been working. Human DNA is not quite everywhere: it was not detectable in deep ocean water, or on remote beaches closed to the public. But anywhere that humans are, their DNA appears to be as well. In one sense, that is unsurprising. But advances in gene-sequencing meant there was enough information in the samples to deduce plenty of things about the humans in question. The researchers could pick out males thanks to DNA from the Y chromo some. They could infer an individual’s ancestry, and even spot mutations (突变) that affect a person’s disease risk. David Duffy, another of the paper’s authors, said the amount and quality of the DNA they recovered “far exceeded” the minimum necessary to be included in America’s database of missing people. Dr Duffy and his colleagues did not try to identify individuals in their study, for moral reasons. But they had no doubt it could be done. 27．Which of the following about eDNA is true according to the passage? A．It provides a way to track the migration of animals. B．It allows researchers to restore individual organisms. C．It can be easily collected from all types of environments. D．It contains a wealth of genetic information about various species. 28．In this passage, the word “inadvertent” (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to “__________”. A．familiar B．accidental C．insensitive D．regular 29．What can be inferred from the passage? A．The application of eDNA for identity confirmation has aroused concern. B．As expected, the researchers detected much human eDNA in their search. C．An individual’s gender and ancestry can be confirmed by means of eDNA． D．eDNA is instrumental in upgrading America’s database of missing people. 30．Which of the following might be the best title for the passage? A．Unintended Discoveries in Turtle Disease Research B．The Ecological Significance of Environmental DNA C．Human DNA’s Prevalence in Environmental Samples D．Using Genetic Information to Identify Missing Persons 2 （2025·北京朝阳·二模） Chinook salmon and their habitats in Seattle’s Thornton Creek suffered severely due to urban expansion, causing flash floods and biodiversity loss. Despite restoration efforts, the once-abundant salmon all but disappeared. During a conference, biologist Katherine Lynch proposed rebuilding the creek’s missing “liver” damaged by urbanization. Lynch has been studying the hyporheic zone, a layer of wet sediment (沉积物), small stones and tiny creatures beneath the streambed. It facilitates water mixing and oxygen delivery to salmon eggs, earning the nickname “liver of the river.” The disappearance of this zone threatens the health of waterways. Lynch recognized that, however, most restoration efforts in Seattle overlooked it or disconnected it from the surface water. Teamed with engineer Mike Hrachovec, Lynch redesigned Thornton Creek. They strategically put logs into the water at precise angles to create tiny waterfalls and nearly still water pockets, generating hydraulic pressure to force water down into the hyporheic zone. These accurately placed logs and rocks, known as “hyporheic structures,” also create pockets of slow water that provide safe shelters for juvenile fish — all meant to emulate features of a natural stream. Subsequent data analysis confirmed the stream functioned as Lynch’s team — and nature — intended. But was the stream also supporting life? Given that the stone and sand positioned were sterile (贫瘠的) territory, Lynch thought that a biological jumpstart might be necessary and that the return of life to restored creeks relied on organisms migrating from healthy upstream habitats. So her team tried another ground-breaking move: inoculating (接种) the engineered hyporheic zone with microbes (微生物), which quickly populated the areas. But even though the number of individuals was high, the biodiversity was relatively low. A 2021 study by stream ecologist Sarah Morley noted that while a few of the new species grew rapidly, most were similar to those in unrestored section. Scientists are exploring reasons for the limited survival of introduced species, and because this science is so new, they have not ruled out any potential explanations: differences in the donor stream, size of the restored area, or poor water quality. They might have inoculated the hyporheic too soon, before essential vegetation could establish. The Thornton Creek restorations have successfully prevented neighbourhood flooding, even during heavy storms, and stabilized the stream’s flow. Most notably, Chinook salmon returned to lay eggs in the restored hyporheic zones, touching Lynch deeply. She recalls, “this success suggests that small urban creek restorations can revitalize functioning ecosystems.” 28．What does the underlined word “emulate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Record. B．Copy. C．Monitor. D．Transform. 29．What can be inferred about the microbial inoculation in Thornton Creek? A．It introduced essential vegetation. B．It restored the original biodiversity. C．It increased the total quantity of microbes. D．It sourced microbes from downstream habitats. 30．What can we learn from Lynch’s restoration project? A．It focused on increasing water oxygen levels. B．It recreated the conditions of the donor stream. C．It removed human-made structures from the creek. D．It integrated physical redesign with bio-intervention. 31．Which would be the best title for this passage? A．To Revive a River, Restore Its Liver. B．Urbanization: A Silent Killer of a River. C．Chinook Salmon Boost the Diversity of Ecosystems. D．What Makes the Hyporheic Zone Vital for Restoration?. 题型二 完形填空 （2025·北京朝阳·一模）New-born babies aren’t afraid of the dark. They don’t have a 1 of the dark yet; that comes later. One day, my 2-year-old daughter suddenly said, “Too dark!” after we turned out the light. She believed something was under the bed. To 2 her tears, I plugged in the desk lamp to prove there were no monsters. When I first started writing, I didn’t worry about the dark as I could create all kinds of stories. After graduation, I became a busy parent. My writing 3 . Nights that I would spend reading or thinking were gone. I wrote at 5 am before the 4 of the everyday housework—laundry, playdates and feedings—but soon nodded off. I was so 5 . Writing anxiety grew slowly. Worn out, I forgot to buy a nightlight. The desk lamp was too bright. A nightlight was enough to help my daughter see the outline of the bed. It would burn through the night, calming her fears. She didn’t need it to see; she needed it to feel 6 . In the basement I found an old plastic Christmas tree and took it up to her room. My daughter saw it and clapped 7 , “Light! My light!” It sits there year-round. A Christmas tree in July is odd, but perfect doesn’t 8 , and besides, it casts the ideal amount of light. In being a parent and a writer, there is no fixed 9 , no one way of doing things that is right; some things that we must do are odd. Many things bring the light. Some bring just enough light that you are no longer afraid. The shadowy light that says, Don’t be scared, write it! It is a light to 10 you, to keep you going. And it burns through the night, keeping the monsters at bay. 1．A．secret B．hope C．fear D．habit 2．A．wipe B．hide C．stop D．draw 3．A．slowed B．ceased C．improved D．increased 4．A．training B．division C．movement D．repetition 5．A．lonely B．tired C．focused D．energetic 6．A．safe B．quiet C．proud D．confident 7．A．shyly B．softly C．politely D．excitedly 8．A．last B．exist C．work D．arrive 9．A．need B．term C．bond D．routine 10．A．guide B．blind C．attract D．follow 【2025北京卷】At 15, I excelled academically yet felt overshadowed and unnoticed. The ____1____ to stand out consumed me, pushing me towards a regrettable decision. One day, during a class in the IT lab with my classmates, our teacher mentioned missing computer parts. ____2____ looks exchanged, everyone wondered how it could happen in a(n) ____3____ lab. “It’s possible to open that lock with another key,” I said. Instantly, eyes turned to me with newfound interest and curiosity. It was a rush I had never experienced before. Enjoying all the eyes on me, I ____4____ how to open the lock. Little did I realize that single moment would ruin everything. The following day, called to the headmaster’s office, I found myself accused of stealing the missing parts. “I didn’t do it, sir,” I argued, but suspicion ____5____ his eyes. His repeated ____6____ intensified, pushing me to the edge of fear and tears. In a desperate attempt to escape the mounting pressure, I ____7____ confessed (承认). The headmaster asked my father to come to school, whose shaky faith in me brought a mix of relief and ____8____. My father gently asked me if I understood the gravity of my actions. ____9____, I confessed my misguided longing for recognition. In the headmaster’s office, my father listened attentively, and then spoke with quiet authority: “I trust my son. He is not a thief.” With my father’s support, I learned a valuable lesson: ____10____ cannot be forced; true recognition comes from honourable acts. 1. A. promise B. competition C. desire D. hesitation 2. A. Curious B. Hopeful C. Distant D. Envious 3. A. expensive B. locked C. modern D. abandoned 4. A. discovered B. recommended C. demonstrated D. imagined 5. A. caught B. clouded C. hurt D. brightened 6. A. questioning B. reminding C. complaining D. requesting 7. A. warmly B. readily C. randomly D. falsely 8. A. pride B. patience C. shame D. surprise 9. A. Generously B. Tearfully C. Carelessly D. Strangely 10. A. tolerance B. gratitude C. sympathy D. attention 10 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $