24.Unit 5 Wild animals(主题阅读)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固（译林版2024）

2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(译林版2024) Unit 5 Wild animals主题阅读 必备知识清单 单元主题阅读 一、阅读主题 1.主题内涵 该主题聚焦于生活在自然环境中、未经人类驯化的各类动物。涉及野生动物的种类（如哺乳动物中的大熊猫panda、老虎tiger、狮子lion；鸟类中的老鹰eagle、猫头鹰owl；爬行动物中的鳄鱼crocodile、蛇snake 等）、独特的生活习性（例如大熊猫主要以竹子live mainly on bamboo为食；狼wolf具有团队合作精神，群体行动hunt in groups）、它们的栖息地habitat（像北极熊polar bear生活在北极寒冷的冰川地区；猴子monkey多栖息于森林之中）以及当前所面临的生存挑战（如由于人类的砍伐森林deforestation和狩猎hunting，许多野生动物失去了家园和生命，面临灭绝的危险in danger of extinction）等多方面内容。通过对这一主题的学习，学生能深入认识野生动物在生态系统中的重要地位，以及人类活动对它们产生的深远影响。 2.素养体现 学生能够学习并运用丰富的与野生动物相关的词汇、短语和句式来描述动物的外貌、习性、生存状态等。比如用 “The panda has black and white fur and is very lovely.” 描述熊猫外貌；用 “Tigers are good at hunting and they usually hunt alone.” 阐述老虎习性。同时能读懂关于野生动物的各类语篇，包括科普文章、新闻报道、故事等，并提取关键信息进行口头和书面表达。 在学习过程中，学生需要分析野生动物面临困境的原因，如 “Because of pollution and the loss of their habitats, many wild animals are in danger.”，从而培养逻辑思维能力；还可通过对比不同野生动物的特点，像比较大象elephant和老鼠mouse的体型、生活方式等差异，提升批判性思维。此外，在探讨保护野生动物措施时，激发创新思维，如提出 “We can set up more nature reserves and use social media to raise people's awareness of protecting wild animals.” 等新颖想法。 了解不同国家和地区对野生动物的认知、态度及相关文化差异。例如在一些非洲国家，大象被视为神圣的动物，具有特殊的文化意义；而在某些西方文化中，猫头鹰常与智慧联系在一起。这有助于学生拓宽国际视野，增强对多元文化的理解与包容。 学生学会运用多种学习策略来掌握关于野生动物的知识，如利用思维导图mind map梳理不同动物的特征、通过查阅书籍和网络资料search for information from books and the Internet深入了解感兴趣的动物，提升自主学习能力；在小组合作讨论野生动物保护问题时，提高合作学习能力。 3.策略要求 预测策略：在阅读关于野生动物的文章前，学生可根据标题、图片等预测文章内容。如看到标题 “The Endangered African Elephants” 和大象在干旱环境中艰难生存的图片，可推测文章可能会讲述非洲大象濒危的原因、现状及保护措施等。 略读策略：快速浏览文章，抓住关键信息，了解文章大意。对于较长的野生动物科普文章，学生可通过阅读每段的首句和尾句，快速知晓段落主旨，把握文章整体结构。如在一篇介绍多种野生动物生存状态的文章中，通过略读各段首句，能快速了解到每段分别讲述了不同动物面临的问题。 精读策略：仔细研读文章，理解细节信息。对于涉及野生动物习性、保护措施等重点内容，学生需精读，分析句子结构、理解词汇在语境中的含义。例如在阅读 “Pandas have a special digestive system that allows them to survive mainly on bamboo, although it is low in nutrients.” 时，仔细分析句子结构，理解 “allow sb. / sth. to do sth.” 的用法以及 “although” 引导的让步状语从句的含义。 推理策略：根据文章提供的信息进行推理判断。如文章中提到 “The number of sea turtles has been decreasing rapidly in recent years. The main reasons are plastic pollution in the ocean and over harvesting of their eggs.”，学生可据此推断出如果不解决塑料污染和过度捕捞海龟蛋的问题，海龟数量将继续减少。 4.文化品质 通过对野生动物主题的学习，培养学生尊重生命、关爱动物的品质，树立保护野生动物、维护生态平衡的意识。让学生明白野生动物是地球上宝贵的生物资源，它们的生存与人类的生存息息相关，倡导人类与野生动物和谐共处live in harmony with wild animals的理念。例如，学生了解到许多野生动物因人类活动而濒临灭绝后，能主动参与保护野生动物的宣传活动，向身边人传播保护动物的重要性，从自身做起，拒绝购买野生动物制品refuse to buy wild animal products ，为保护野生动物贡献自己的力量。 二、词汇句式 1.主题词汇 动物名称类：panda（熊猫）、tiger（老虎）、lion（狮子）、elephant（大象）、giraffe（长颈鹿）、zebra（斑马）、monkey（猴子）、bear（熊）、fox（狐狸）、wolf（狼）、dolphin（海豚）、whale（鲸鱼）、shark（鲨鱼）、eagle（老鹰）、owl（猫头鹰）、snake（蛇）、crocodile（鳄鱼）、kangaroo（袋鼠）、koala（考拉）、pangolin（穿山甲）、hedgehog（刺猬）、rabbit（兔子）、squirrel（松鼠）、bat（蝙蝠） 外貌特征类：fur（皮毛）、feather（羽毛）、scale（鳞片）、horn（角）、claw（爪子）、beak（鸟喙）、tail（尾巴）、wing（翅膀）、striped（有条纹的）、spotted（有斑点的）、long（长的）、short（短的）、tall（高的）、short（矮的）、big（大的）、small（小的）、fat（胖的）、thin（瘦的）、strong（强壮的）、weak（虚弱的） 生活习性类：hunt（捕猎）、prey（猎物）、live（生活）、inhabit（栖息）、migrate（迁徙）、hibernate（冬眠）、sleep（睡觉）、awake（醒着）、nocturnal（夜行性的）、diurnal（昼行性的）、herbivore（食草动物）、carnivore（食肉动物）、omnivore（杂食动物）、eat（吃）、feed on（以……为食）、breed（繁殖）、reproduce（繁殖）、protect（保护）、defend（防御） 生存状态类：endangered（濒危的）、extinct（灭绝的）、in danger（处于危险中）、safe（安全的）、survive（生存）、disappear（消失）、save（拯救）、protect（保护）、preserve（保护，保存）、habitat（栖息地）、environment（环境）、pollution（污染）、deforestation（砍伐森林）、hunting（狩猎） 2.主题句式 描述动物外貌： The [animal name] has + 外貌特征描述. （The panda has black and white fur.） It is + 描述体型、大小等的形容词 + and has + 其他外貌特征. （It is fat and has a short tail.） The [animal name] with + 外貌特征描述 + is very + 描述整体印象的形容词. （The zebra with black and white stripes is very beautiful.） 描述动物习性： [Animal name]s are + 习性特点的形容词（如nocturnal, diurnal等）. （Bats are nocturnal animals.） They usually + 表示行为动作的动词短语（如hunt, sleep等） + 时间或方式状语. （They usually sleep during the day and hunt at night.） [Animal name]s live on / feed on + 食物名称. （Koalas live on eucalyptus leaves.） 描述动物生存状态： Many [animal name]s are in danger because of + 导致危险的原因. （Many tigers are in danger because of hunting and habitat loss.） The number of [animal name]s is decreasing / increasing rapidly. （The number of pandas is increasing slowly but steadily.） [Animal name]s may become extinct if + 条件状语从句（表示导致灭绝的不利条件）. （Wild animals may become extinct if we don't take action to protect them.） 表达保护动物观点： We should / must + 保护动物的具体行动（如protect their habitats, stop hunting等）. （We should protect their habitats and stop deforestation.） It is important / necessary for us to + 保护动物相关行为. （It is important for us to raise people's awareness of protecting wild animals.） Let's + 号召大家一起保护动物的行动. （Let's take action to save the endangered animals.） 介绍动物相关信息： [Animal name]s can be found in + 地点. （Penguins can be found in Antarctica.） [Animal name]s are well known for + 动物著名的特点或行为. （Dolphins are well known for their intelligence and friendliness.） The lifespan of [animal name]s is usually + 时间范围. （The lifespan of elephants is usually around 60 70 years.） 三、阅读策略 1.利用上下文猜测词义：在阅读关于野生动物的文章时，常常会遇到一些生词。学生可以通过上下文的语境来猜测词义。例如：“The pangolin, a unique mammal with scales all over its body, is facing a serious threat of extinction due to illegal hunting.” 学生可能不认识 “pangolin” 和 “scales”，但通过 “a unique mammal” 可知这是一种哺乳动物，“with scales all over its body” 描述了它身体的特征，结合常识和上下文可猜出 “pangolin” 是一种有特殊身体特征的动物（穿山甲），“scales” 是它身上覆盖的东西（鳞片）。这种策略有助于学生在不依赖词典的情况下，快速理解文章内容，提高阅读速度。 2.关注连接词理解逻辑关系：文章中常使用连接词来表明句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系。像 “however” 表示转折，“therefore” 表示因果，“and” 表示并列等。例如：“Wild animals play an important role in the ecosystem. However, due to human activities such as deforestation and pollution, many of them are now in danger.” 通过 “however” 学生能清晰地认识到前后文之间是转折关系，前面阐述野生动物的重要性，后面说明人类活动给它们带来的负面情况。理解这些逻辑关系能帮助学生更好地把握文章的结构和作者的意图。 3.制作信息图表梳理内容：对于包含大量关于野生动物不同方面信息（如多种动物的习性、生存现状对比等）的文章，学生可以制作信息图表来梳理内容。比如，制作一个表格，横向表头为动物名称（如老虎、大象、熊猫），纵向表头为习性（食性、活动时间）、生存状态（是否濒危、濒危原因）等，然后将文章中的相关信息填入表格。这样可以使复杂的信息更加直观、条理清晰，有助于学生对不同野生动物的特点和情况进行对比分析，加深对文章的理解。 核心知识回顾 与野生动物的重要性有关的核心词汇与主题表达示例 一、核心词汇 （一）野生动物名称 常见哺乳动物：panda（大熊猫）、tiger（老虎）、lion（狮子）、elephant（大象）、bear（熊）、monkey（猴子）、kangaroo（袋鼠）、koala（考拉）、wolf（狼）、fox（狐狸）、deer（鹿）、zebra（斑马）、giraffe（长颈鹿）、polar bear（北极熊）、pangolin（穿山甲）、rhinoceros（犀牛） 鸟类：eagle（鹰）、pigeon（鸽子）、parrot（鹦鹉）、swan（天鹅）、crane（鹤）、owl（猫头鹰）、peacock（孔雀） 爬行动物：snake（蛇）、crocodile（鳄鱼）、turtle（海龟）、lizard（蜥蜴） 两栖动物：frog（青蛙）、toad（蟾蜍） 其他：dolphin（海豚）、shark（鲨鱼）、bee（蜜蜂）、butterfly（蝴蝶） （二）描述野生动物特征与习性的词汇 外貌特征：fur（皮毛）、feather（羽毛）、scale（鳞片）、horn（角）、tusk（象牙）、trunk（象鼻）、wing（翅膀）、tail（尾巴）、claw（爪子）、beak（鸟喙）、striped（有条纹的）、spotted（有斑点的）、smooth（光滑的）、rough（粗糙的）、long（长的）、short（短的）、big（大的）、small（小的）、fat（胖的）、thin（瘦的） 生活习性：live（生活）、inhabit（栖息）、feed on（以…… 为食）、hunt（捕猎）、prey（猎物）、predator（捕食者）、migrate（迁徙）、hibernate（冬眠）、nocturnal（夜行性的）、diurnal（昼行性的）、solitary（独居的）、social（群居的）、active（活跃的）、lazy（懒惰的）、aggressive（有攻击性的）、gentle（温和的） （三）与野生动物保护相关的词汇 保护行为：protect（保护）、conserve（保护；保存）、preserve（保护；维护）、save（拯救）、defend（保卫）、guard（守护）、rescue（营救）、rehabilitate（使康复；使恢复原状）、release（释放） 保护措施：establish nature reserves（建立自然保护区）、make laws（制定法律）、carry out research（开展研究）、educate the public（教育公众）、stop poaching（制止偷猎）、reduce pollution（减少污染）、restore habitats（恢复栖息地）、control hunting（控制捕猎）、promote sustainable development（促进可持续发展） 相关组织与机构：WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature)（世界自然基金会）、IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature)（国际自然保护联盟）、Wildlife Conservation Society（野生动物保护协会） （四）表达数量变化与生存状态的词汇 数量变化：increase（增加）、decrease（减少）、rise（上升）、fall（下降）、drop（下降）、grow（增长）、shrink（缩小）、multiply（繁殖；增加）、decline（衰退；下降） 生存状态：endangered（濒危的）、threatened（受到威胁的）、extinct（灭绝的）、survive（生存；存活）、suffer（遭受）、struggle（挣扎）、adapt（适应）、thrive（茁壮成长） 二、主题表达 （一）阐述野生动物重要性的常用句式 Wildlife plays a crucial /vital/significant role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem.（野生动物在维持生态系统平衡方面起着至关重要的作用。） They are an essential part of the biodiversity on Earth.（它们是地球上生物多样性的重要组成部分。） Many animals have unique characteristics and abilities that contribute to the richness of nature.（许多动物具有独特的特征和能力，为大自然的丰富性做出贡献。） Without wildlife, the ecological balance would be severely disrupted, leading to various problems such as food chain collapse and environmental degradation.（没有野生动物，生态平衡将受到严重破坏，导致诸如食物链崩溃和环境恶化等各种问题。） The existence of wildlife enriches our planet and provides us with countless ecological, economic, and cultural benefits.（野生动物的存在丰富了我们的星球，并为我们提供了无数的生态、经济和文化利益。） （二）描述野生动物面临威胁的表达 Habitat loss due to deforestation, urbanization, and agricultural expansion is one of the main threats to wildlife.（由于森林砍伐、城市化和农业扩张导致的栖息地丧失是野生动物面临的主要威胁之一。） Poaching and illegal trade of wildlife products have driven many species to the brink of extinction.（偷猎和野生动物制品的非法贸易已使许多物种濒临灭绝。） Pollution, including air, water, and soil pollution, has a negative impact on the survival and reproduction of wildlife.（污染，包括空气、水和土壤污染，对野生动物的生存和繁殖产生负面影响。） Climate change is altering the habitats of wildlife, making it difficult for them to adapt and survive.（气候变化正在改变野生动物的栖息地，使它们难以适应和生存。） Human activities such as overhunting, habitat destruction, and introduction of invasive species are putting wildlife at great risk.（人类活动，如过度捕猎、栖息地破坏和外来物种的引入，使野生动物面临巨大风险。） （三）呼吁保护野生动物的语句 We should take immediate action to protect wildlife and their habitats.（我们应该立即采取行动保护野生动物及其栖息地。） It is our responsibility to ensure the survival and well being of wildlife for future generations.（为子孙后代确保野生动物的生存和福祉是我们的责任。） Let's raise awareness about wildlife protection and encourage more people to get involved.（让我们提高对野生动物保护的认识，鼓励更多人参与进来。） Protecting wildlife is not only for the animals themselves but also for the sustainable development of our planet.（保护野生动物不仅是为了动物本身，也是为了我们星球的可持续发展。） Every species has the right to exist, and we must work together to save them from extinction.（每个物种都有生存的权利，我们必须共同努力拯救它们免于灭绝。） 综合实战演练 1 International Polar Bear Day The International Polar Bear Day is coming! Let’s get to know the largest bears! Some facts about polar Bears’ Color They are actually black, not white. They appear white because their hair reflects (反射) sunlight. Skills ● They have an amazing sense of smell. ● They are excellent swimmers. ● They can keep themselves warm even in very low temperatures. Challenges that polar bears face ● They depend on sea ice for resting, hunting and breeding (繁殖), but the area of sea ice is becoming smaller and smaller. ● People dump oil waste or other harmful things into the sea, which puts them in danger. ● They still face the danger of being hunted by humans. 1．What do polar bears mainly feed on? A．Fish. B．Birds. C．Eggs. D．Seals. 2．Why do polar bears appear white? A．Because their hair is white. B．Because their food is white. C．Because they live in the snow. D．Because their hair reflects sunlight. 3．Why are polar bears in danger? A．Because the ocean is getting smaller. B．Because water pollution becomes worse. C．Because other animals hunt them for food. D．Because the weather is getting colder. 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Polar bears are good at swimming. B．Polar bears have very good hearing. C．A baby polar bear is as heavy as a man. D．Polar bears are the largest animals in the world. 5．Where does this passage most likely come from? A．A history book. B．A classic novel. C．A geography magazine. D．A science fiction novel. 2 Southern white rhinos (犀牛) mainly live in Africa. They are very large in size, about 4 metres long, 1.75 metres high, and over two tons in weight. There are two horns (角) on the nose. The front horn is over half a metre long, while the other one is smaller. Southern white rhinos are not really white. They are grey in colour. “White” may come from the Afrikaans word for “wide”. It has some connections with their wide mouths. Southern white rhinos live on grass, leaves, fruits and so on. They have very poor eyesight. However, they have good hearing and an excellent sense of smell. Their skin is nearly 5 cm thick but is very sensitive. During the day, they try to find a cool place to avoid sunburn. Southern white rhinos lie in mud (泥浆) when they can, as it sticks to their skin and protects them from the bright African sun. Some humans kill rhinos for their horns. They sell horns to those who believe horns have magic powers or can treat sickness. It puts southern white rhinos in danger. Now many actions are taken to protect southern white rhinos. The international trade in rhino horns has been stopped in the world. Besides, many protected areas have been built, especially in South Africa. Up to 2020, more than 20 countries had made rules to protect southern white rhinos. Today the number of southern white rhinos has increased to over 20, 000 in the wild. 6．Where do southern white rhinos mainly live? A．In Europe. B．In America. C．In Africa. D．In Asia. 7．What colour are southern white rhinos? A．Red. B．Blue. C．Grey. D．Black. 8．What does the underlined word “sensitive” probably mean in Paragraph 2? A．健康的 B．敏感的 C．光滑的 D．幽默的 9．Why do some humans kill southern white rhinos? A．For their horns. B．For their meat. C．For their noses. D．For their skins. 10．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Ways to feed southern white rhinos. B．Actions of protecting southern white rhinos. C．Places for southern white rhinos to live in. D．The life of southern white rhinos. 3 Weight: 5—9kg Length: 45—65cm Average lifespan (寿命) in the world: 8 years Diet: bamboo, acorns, insects, fruit, eggs In September, in addition to (除……之外) the red leaves, there are also red pandas in the forests. Every year, the third Saturday in September marks International Red Panda Day. The red panda is tiny compared to (与……相比) the black and white giant panda. These pandas usually grow to the size of a house cat. The pandas use their tails as blankets in the mountains. They live alone, mainly active at night, and are mostly inactive during the day. Why are they in danger? 1. Hunting. 2. Loss of living areas. 3. Limited food supply. 4. Predators (天敌). 11．The underlined word “Diet” means “________” in Chinese. A．活动 B．特长 C．习惯 D．饮食 12．How many reasons are mentioned (被提及) for red pandas in danger? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 13．From the passage, we can know that ________. A．International Red Panda Day is on the first Saturday in September B．red pandas are as big as giant pandas C．the number of red pandas in the wild is becoming much smaller D．red pandas usually live as a family in the mountain forests 14．Where can we probably read the passage? A．In a diary. B．In a science magazine. C．In a health report. D．In a history book. 4 About 1,101 manatees died in Florida in 2021, many from hunger. So government wildlife experts (专家) came up with a plan to give food to the manatees. They decided to feed them green vegetables like lettuce and cabbage. Ron Mezich, an expert, said, “We’re making a difference.” By the end of 2021, they had served up more than 193,000 pounds of lettuce to hungry manatees. Manatees are huge sea animals that only eat seagrass and other plants that live in the sea. That’s one reason why they’re sometimes called “sea cows”. Since 1967, Florida’s manatees have been on the US government’s list of endangered animals. Most dangers to manatees come from humans. One of the biggest problems facing the animals are boats. Thousands of manatees were hit or killed by boats. At one point, there were only about 2,000 manatees left in Florida. With protection, the number increased. In 2016, there were more than 6,000 manatees. However, as seagrass began to disappear, the number of manatees keeps going down again. Warming seas with polluted water have created huge growths of algae (藻) on the ocean’s surface. The algae block (阻挡) the sunlight, so the seagrass dies. In Indian River Lagoon, where manatees often go in the winter, about 90% of the seagrass beds there have died off. Florida will work to help restore (恢复) seagrass beds. But that will take time. Scientists still worry that hundreds more manatees could die in the coming years. 15．Why did many manatees die in Florida in 2021? A．Because of hunger. B．Because of cold weather. C．Because of other sea animals. D．Because of boat accidents. 16．Why are manatees sometimes called “sea cows”? A．They are as big as cows. B．They can swim like cows. C．They have tails like cows. D．They feed on plants like cows. 17．How has the number of manatees changed over years? A． B． C． D． 18．Which shows the correct order of the causes of manatees’ death? A．sea pollution → growth of algae → death of seagrass → death of manatees B．growth of algae → sea pollution → death of seagrass → death of manatees C．sea pollution → death of seagrass → growth of algae → death of manatees D．growth of algae → death of seagrass → sea pollution → death of manatees 19．Which is the best title for this passage? A．The Growth of Algae in Oceans B．The Death of Seagrass in Florida C．Manatees: The “Sea Cows” of Florida D．Saving Florida’s Manatees from Hunger 5 “Save Tigers Now” is a group of caring volunteers. They really want to help tigers. Long ago, at the start of the 20th century, there were around 100,000 tigers in the wild in Asia. But today, there are only a few thousand. That’s a big problem! Tigers live in Asian forests. They have pretty orange fur with dark stripes. In many stories, tigers are brave. They’re at the top of the food chain. They help keep the number of other animals just right. So, they’re super important for nature. These days, tigers are in big trouble. Some bad people kill tigers to make money. Also, people cut down too many trees. The forests where tigers live are getting smaller. Without their homes, tigers can’t live well. The “Save Tigers Now” group does lots of things. They tell people how important tigers are. They also try to stop people from hurting tigers. They hope more people will join them to save these wonderful animals. 25．How many wild tigers were there in Asia at the start of the 20th century? A．Around 1,000. B．Around 10,000. C．Around 100,000. D．Around 1000,000. 26．Why are tigers important for nature? A．Because they have nice fur. B．Because they keep the number of other animals balanced. C．Because they are in stories. D．Because they live in forests. 27．What problem are tigers facing? A．People love tigers too much. B．People cut down trees and their homes are getting smaller. C．There are too many tigers. D．Tigers can’t find friends. 28．What does the “Save Tigers Now” group do? A．They kill tigers. B．They cut down more trees. C．They tell people to help tigers. D．They catch tigers and put them in cages. 6 The last Eurasian lynxes (猞猁) in the British Isles lived a life of danger as they moved quickly away from the campfire and vicious (凶险的) dogs, and hid in holes. Because of disappearing woodlands, being short of animals for food, and hunting, lynxes started to disappear from these Islands about 1,500 years ago. But experts hope to bring the Eurasian lynxes back to Scotland one day. Wildlife conservationists (保护者) in Switzerland, Germany, France, and other countries have taken Eurasian lynxes from elsewhere in their areas and introduced them again to protected forests, allowing their populations to grow. Now they are hoping to do the same thing in Scotland. Returning the lynxes would do more than just improve the numbers of this once-endangered animal. A win for the lynxes is a win for the forest and the planet. When the Eurasian lynxes disappeared, so did the Scottish landscape. Without these lynxes and other animals hunting them, deer population increased (增加) a lot. Those animals lived on the leaves of trees and bushes for food, and soon large areas of the Scottish forest disappeared since it couldn’t grow fast enough to keep up with the deer’s wish for food. Birds and rodents that depended on shelter (庇护所) in the lower level of forest plants became food for foxes, which lynxes also hunt. Experts trying to restore (恢复) the forests have to put up fences to keep deer from eating leaves of young trees. But with lynxes hanging out in the woods, experts think these lynxes would keep deer from harming the young trees, helping the forests make a comeback. And that would have even bigger influences. The Earth is losing woodlands as people cut down trees to make room for farming, and to sell the wood for products like furniture and toilet paper. Only in a year alone, the Earth lost as many trees as would cover an area larger than Michigan. So restoring forests in places like Scotland can help provide more space for wildlife and even fight climate change. That’s because trees take in carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), which takes in the sun’s heat and warms our planet. 29．We can know from the passage that the experts are trying to ________. A．buy more lynxes from abroad to keep their populations growing B．ask people to take part in the education program of saving lynxes C．put up more fences to stop deer from eating leaves on the trees D．know about lynxes’ habits to get them used to new environment 30．According to the passage, the experts tell us that ________. A．lynxes play a role in protecting the forests and the planet B．it’s helpful to cut down trees to make room for farming C．putting up more fences can help protect lynxes from dogs D．planting trees has nothing to do with the climate change 31．What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How we keep the population of wildlife successfully. B．What the disappearance of Eurasian lynxes has led to. C．Why we provide more space for wildlife in the forests. D．When we will bring Eurasian lynxes back to Scotland. 32．What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To talk about the food chain of wildlife in the forests. B．To introduce the living habits of the lynxes in Scotland. C．To ask us to take part in the program of raising lynxes. D．To show us a way to protect the forests and the planet. 7 Last Saturday, a graduation ceremony took place. Three black Labrador retrievers (拉布拉多猎犬) graduated after a year of training. These dogs are now ready to help autistic (自闭症) children. Over the past year, the dogs learned 30 skills. They can offer support to kids with special needs. Families with autistic children aged between 3 and 12 years old can apply to get one of these dogs for free. Ren Jing, who is in charge of the dog-training program, said they are receiving calls from families who want to take the dogs home. They will try to match the right dogs with the right families. The dogs can help children with sleeping problems and emotional (情绪的) issues. They can stay with autistic kids, give them love, and help them stay quiet in public. The dog-training project started in 2021. The Sichuan Science and Technology Poverty Alleviation Foundation worked with the Shanghai Erxing Guide Dogs School. Dog instructor Zhang Shiping said the dogs would stay with autistic children, making them feel safe and helping them reduce stress. At the graduation ceremony, the 2-year-old dogs, Yili, Halei, and Hali, showed their skills. Hali placed his head on a volunteer child’s lap. Yili gave a “hug” to a child. The instructors said Yili has a very calm personality, so she is good for kids who get angry easily. Halei and Hali are enthusiastic, so they are better for shy kids. Several parents are interested in adopting the dogs. A mom named Chen hopes the dog can accompany (陪伴) her child and make him happier. 33．What happened last Saturday? A．Three Labrador retrievers began to receive a year of training. B．Ren Jing was ready to set up a new dog-training project. C．A graduation ceremony for three Labrador retrievers was held. D．Zhang Shiping started to teach three Labrador retrievers skills. 34．Who can apply to get one of these dogs for free? A．Mike, a 7-year-old boy with hearing difficulties. B．Katrina, who has a 10-year-old autistic son. C．Sue, a 9-year-old girl who wants to keep a pet. D．Anna, whose grandma has some health problems. 35．How can these dogs help autistic children? ①They can make autistic children feel safe. ②They can help autistic children do homework. ③They can reduce autistic children’s stress. ④They can draw pictures for autistic children. A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④ 36．What does the underlined word enthusiastic mean in the sentence? A．Excited. B．Nervous. C．Worried. D．Lonely. 37．Where can we possibly find this article? A．In a storybook. B．In a history book. C．In a travel guide. D．In a newspaper. 8 A new study shows that older wild animals should be protected. Why? Because they have important knowledge that helps other animals in their groups to live. Scientists read thousands of science articles about how old animals affect (影响) their homes and the dangers they face. Old animals do many good things for their homes. For example, when old birds have baby birds, they’re better at getting food and finding a nice place to live. This makes it easier for the baby birds to grow up. Old female elephants are great at remembering which animals are friendly and which ones are not. They’re also better at watching out for dangers, like lions, Old orcas (killer whales) use their smarts to help their families find food when there isn’t much around. But in some places, old animals are in trouble. Fishing has made the number of old fish go down a lot. In some groups, it’s dropped by as much as 97%! This hurts the “group memory” that young fish need to learn how to stay alive. In places where people hunt animals illegally (非法地), old animals are in even more danger. They often have big tusks, horns, or antlers that hunters want. Scientists from Charles Darwin University in Australia say we need to do more to keep old animals alive. They think the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the group that watches over animals in danger around the world, should pay more attention to old animals. This can help experts think of ways to protect them. They also say fishing companies should stop catching so many old fish, so that all the fish can live well. 38．What is the purpose of the second paragraph? A．To introduce different kinds of old wild animals. B．To list the names of groups that protect old animals. C．To show the good things old animals do for their groups. D．To explain the reasons why old animals are in danger. 39．Which reason mainly causes old animals to be in danger? A．Forest fires. B．Human actions. C．Animal competition. D．Water pollution. 40．What does the underlined word “hunt” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Care for and study. B．Learn about and love. C．Look for and kill. D．Run after and protect. 41．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Fishing companies may change their fishing ways. B．The IUCN has already done enough for old animals. C．Old animals won’t face any dangers in the future. D．Only old fish really need to be protected well. 9 Sunshine, beaches and coconuts (椰子)—these are why people usually go to Hainan. But more than a good place for travelers and foodies, it’s also a wonderland of plants and animals. Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park in the south-central part of Hainan Island, has the most and well-kept tropical rain forests in China. President Xi Jinping visited it in April, 2023. The national park covers 4,269 square kilometers, or one-seventh of the island. More than 95 percent of the park is virgin (原始的) forest and is home to 3,653 species (种类) of vascular plants and 540 species of terrestrial vertebrates. The park is the only home of the world’s most endangered primate (灵长类动物)—the Hainan gibbon. It’s an uncommon species. They look like monkeys, but have no tails. They live in the trees their whole life. Every morning, they whistle loudly to mark their territory (领地). They eat fruits and leaves from more than 130 plants. The number of Hainan gibbons has become larger from fewer than 10 in the 1980s to 36 in 2022. This shows China’s achievements in environmental protection. Not just a sweet home to animals, the park is a “live museum” of amazing plants. More than 400 kinds of plants grow only in Hainan. Cycas hainanensis (海南苏铁) is a wild plant native to the island. With feather-like leaves, this plant can live to be 200 years old. If it lives in the Yangtze River Basin and North China, it grows almost without flowers or fruit. But in Hainan, Cycas hainanensis plants over 10 years old blossom (开花) and have fruit almost every year, thanks to the warm and wet weather. With so many plants and animals, the biodiversity index (指数) of the park—a number to rate species diversity—is as high as 6.28. It is comparable (可比较的) to the Amazon rainforest in Brazil. That’s why people call the park a treasure for both China and the world. 42．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________. A．an introduction to Hainan gibbon B．the views of the park C．the news of the park’s opening D．details of rare plants and animals 43．What do we know about the Hainan gibbon? A．It is a monkey without a tail. B．Its voice sounds like a crying baby. C．It lives on plants and birds. D．It is a species only found in Hainan. 44．From the story, we can infer that a Cycas hainanensis plant ________. A．never blossoms and has fruit B．can only live for 10 years in Hainan C．lives better in warm and wet weather D．first blossoms when it is 10 years old 45．Which of the following may be the writer’s opinion? A．Human activities will surely hurt the rainforest. B．We must start to do something for rare species. C．China has done a great job in protecting the rainforest. D．We should compare our rainforest with the Amazon rainforest. ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(译林版2024) Unit 5 Wild animals主题阅读 必备知识清单 单元主题阅读 一、阅读主题 1.主题内涵 该主题聚焦于生活在自然环境中、未经人类驯化的各类动物。涉及野生动物的种类（如哺乳动物中的大熊猫panda、老虎tiger、狮子lion；鸟类中的老鹰eagle、猫头鹰owl；爬行动物中的鳄鱼crocodile、蛇snake 等）、独特的生活习性（例如大熊猫主要以竹子live mainly on bamboo为食；狼wolf具有团队合作精神，群体行动hunt in groups）、它们的栖息地habitat（像北极熊polar bear生活在北极寒冷的冰川地区；猴子monkey多栖息于森林之中）以及当前所面临的生存挑战（如由于人类的砍伐森林deforestation和狩猎hunting，许多野生动物失去了家园和生命，面临灭绝的危险in danger of extinction）等多方面内容。通过对这一主题的学习，学生能深入认识野生动物在生态系统中的重要地位，以及人类活动对它们产生的深远影响。 2.素养体现 学生能够学习并运用丰富的与野生动物相关的词汇、短语和句式来描述动物的外貌、习性、生存状态等。比如用 “The panda has black and white fur and is very lovely.” 描述熊猫外貌；用 “Tigers are good at hunting and they usually hunt alone.” 阐述老虎习性。同时能读懂关于野生动物的各类语篇，包括科普文章、新闻报道、故事等，并提取关键信息进行口头和书面表达。 在学习过程中，学生需要分析野生动物面临困境的原因，如 “Because of pollution and the loss of their habitats, many wild animals are in danger.”，从而培养逻辑思维能力；还可通过对比不同野生动物的特点，像比较大象elephant和老鼠mouse的体型、生活方式等差异，提升批判性思维。此外，在探讨保护野生动物措施时，激发创新思维，如提出 “We can set up more nature reserves and use social media to raise people's awareness of protecting wild animals.” 等新颖想法。 了解不同国家和地区对野生动物的认知、态度及相关文化差异。例如在一些非洲国家，大象被视为神圣的动物，具有特殊的文化意义；而在某些西方文化中，猫头鹰常与智慧联系在一起。这有助于学生拓宽国际视野，增强对多元文化的理解与包容。 学生学会运用多种学习策略来掌握关于野生动物的知识，如利用思维导图mind map梳理不同动物的特征、通过查阅书籍和网络资料search for information from books and the Internet深入了解感兴趣的动物，提升自主学习能力；在小组合作讨论野生动物保护问题时，提高合作学习能力。 3.策略要求 预测策略：在阅读关于野生动物的文章前，学生可根据标题、图片等预测文章内容。如看到标题 “The Endangered African Elephants” 和大象在干旱环境中艰难生存的图片，可推测文章可能会讲述非洲大象濒危的原因、现状及保护措施等。 略读策略：快速浏览文章，抓住关键信息，了解文章大意。对于较长的野生动物科普文章，学生可通过阅读每段的首句和尾句，快速知晓段落主旨，把握文章整体结构。如在一篇介绍多种野生动物生存状态的文章中，通过略读各段首句，能快速了解到每段分别讲述了不同动物面临的问题。 精读策略：仔细研读文章，理解细节信息。对于涉及野生动物习性、保护措施等重点内容，学生需精读，分析句子结构、理解词汇在语境中的含义。例如在阅读 “Pandas have a special digestive system that allows them to survive mainly on bamboo, although it is low in nutrients.” 时，仔细分析句子结构，理解 “allow sb. / sth. to do sth.” 的用法以及 “although” 引导的让步状语从句的含义。 推理策略：根据文章提供的信息进行推理判断。如文章中提到 “The number of sea turtles has been decreasing rapidly in recent years. The main reasons are plastic pollution in the ocean and over harvesting of their eggs.”，学生可据此推断出如果不解决塑料污染和过度捕捞海龟蛋的问题，海龟数量将继续减少。 4.文化品质 通过对野生动物主题的学习，培养学生尊重生命、关爱动物的品质，树立保护野生动物、维护生态平衡的意识。让学生明白野生动物是地球上宝贵的生物资源，它们的生存与人类的生存息息相关，倡导人类与野生动物和谐共处live in harmony with wild animals的理念。例如，学生了解到许多野生动物因人类活动而濒临灭绝后，能主动参与保护野生动物的宣传活动，向身边人传播保护动物的重要性，从自身做起，拒绝购买野生动物制品refuse to buy wild animal products ，为保护野生动物贡献自己的力量。 二、词汇句式 1.主题词汇 动物名称类：panda（熊猫）、tiger（老虎）、lion（狮子）、elephant（大象）、giraffe（长颈鹿）、zebra（斑马）、monkey（猴子）、bear（熊）、fox（狐狸）、wolf（狼）、dolphin（海豚）、whale（鲸鱼）、shark（鲨鱼）、eagle（老鹰）、owl（猫头鹰）、snake（蛇）、crocodile（鳄鱼）、kangaroo（袋鼠）、koala（考拉）、pangolin（穿山甲）、hedgehog（刺猬）、rabbit（兔子）、squirrel（松鼠）、bat（蝙蝠） 外貌特征类：fur（皮毛）、feather（羽毛）、scale（鳞片）、horn（角）、claw（爪子）、beak（鸟喙）、tail（尾巴）、wing（翅膀）、striped（有条纹的）、spotted（有斑点的）、long（长的）、short（短的）、tall（高的）、short（矮的）、big（大的）、small（小的）、fat（胖的）、thin（瘦的）、strong（强壮的）、weak（虚弱的） 生活习性类：hunt（捕猎）、prey（猎物）、live（生活）、inhabit（栖息）、migrate（迁徙）、hibernate（冬眠）、sleep（睡觉）、awake（醒着）、nocturnal（夜行性的）、diurnal（昼行性的）、herbivore（食草动物）、carnivore（食肉动物）、omnivore（杂食动物）、eat（吃）、feed on（以……为食）、breed（繁殖）、reproduce（繁殖）、protect（保护）、defend（防御） 生存状态类：endangered（濒危的）、extinct（灭绝的）、in danger（处于危险中）、safe（安全的）、survive（生存）、disappear（消失）、save（拯救）、protect（保护）、preserve（保护，保存）、habitat（栖息地）、environment（环境）、pollution（污染）、deforestation（砍伐森林）、hunting（狩猎） 2.主题句式 描述动物外貌： The [animal name] has + 外貌特征描述. （The panda has black and white fur.） It is + 描述体型、大小等的形容词 + and has + 其他外貌特征. （It is fat and has a short tail.） The [animal name] with + 外貌特征描述 + is very + 描述整体印象的形容词. （The zebra with black and white stripes is very beautiful.） 描述动物习性： [Animal name]s are + 习性特点的形容词（如nocturnal, diurnal等）. （Bats are nocturnal animals.） They usually + 表示行为动作的动词短语（如hunt, sleep等） + 时间或方式状语. （They usually sleep during the day and hunt at night.） [Animal name]s live on / feed on + 食物名称. （Koalas live on eucalyptus leaves.） 描述动物生存状态： Many [animal name]s are in danger because of + 导致危险的原因. （Many tigers are in danger because of hunting and habitat loss.） The number of [animal name]s is decreasing / increasing rapidly. （The number of pandas is increasing slowly but steadily.） [Animal name]s may become extinct if + 条件状语从句（表示导致灭绝的不利条件）. （Wild animals may become extinct if we don't take action to protect them.） 表达保护动物观点： We should / must + 保护动物的具体行动（如protect their habitats, stop hunting等）. （We should protect their habitats and stop deforestation.） It is important / necessary for us to + 保护动物相关行为. （It is important for us to raise people's awareness of protecting wild animals.） Let's + 号召大家一起保护动物的行动. （Let's take action to save the endangered animals.） 介绍动物相关信息： [Animal name]s can be found in + 地点. （Penguins can be found in Antarctica.） [Animal name]s are well known for + 动物著名的特点或行为. （Dolphins are well known for their intelligence and friendliness.） The lifespan of [animal name]s is usually + 时间范围. （The lifespan of elephants is usually around 60 70 years.） 三、阅读策略 1.利用上下文猜测词义：在阅读关于野生动物的文章时，常常会遇到一些生词。学生可以通过上下文的语境来猜测词义。例如：“The pangolin, a unique mammal with scales all over its body, is facing a serious threat of extinction due to illegal hunting.” 学生可能不认识 “pangolin” 和 “scales”，但通过 “a unique mammal” 可知这是一种哺乳动物，“with scales all over its body” 描述了它身体的特征，结合常识和上下文可猜出 “pangolin” 是一种有特殊身体特征的动物（穿山甲），“scales” 是它身上覆盖的东西（鳞片）。这种策略有助于学生在不依赖词典的情况下，快速理解文章内容，提高阅读速度。 2.关注连接词理解逻辑关系：文章中常使用连接词来表明句子之间、段落之间的逻辑关系。像 “however” 表示转折，“therefore” 表示因果，“and” 表示并列等。例如：“Wild animals play an important role in the ecosystem. However, due to human activities such as deforestation and pollution, many of them are now in danger.” 通过 “however” 学生能清晰地认识到前后文之间是转折关系，前面阐述野生动物的重要性，后面说明人类活动给它们带来的负面情况。理解这些逻辑关系能帮助学生更好地把握文章的结构和作者的意图。 3.制作信息图表梳理内容：对于包含大量关于野生动物不同方面信息（如多种动物的习性、生存现状对比等）的文章，学生可以制作信息图表来梳理内容。比如，制作一个表格，横向表头为动物名称（如老虎、大象、熊猫），纵向表头为习性（食性、活动时间）、生存状态（是否濒危、濒危原因）等，然后将文章中的相关信息填入表格。这样可以使复杂的信息更加直观、条理清晰，有助于学生对不同野生动物的特点和情况进行对比分析，加深对文章的理解。 核心知识回顾 与野生动物的重要性有关的核心词汇与主题表达示例 一、核心词汇 （一）野生动物名称 常见哺乳动物：panda（大熊猫）、tiger（老虎）、lion（狮子）、elephant（大象）、bear（熊）、monkey（猴子）、kangaroo（袋鼠）、koala（考拉）、wolf（狼）、fox（狐狸）、deer（鹿）、zebra（斑马）、giraffe（长颈鹿）、polar bear（北极熊）、pangolin（穿山甲）、rhinoceros（犀牛） 鸟类：eagle（鹰）、pigeon（鸽子）、parrot（鹦鹉）、swan（天鹅）、crane（鹤）、owl（猫头鹰）、peacock（孔雀） 爬行动物：snake（蛇）、crocodile（鳄鱼）、turtle（海龟）、lizard（蜥蜴） 两栖动物：frog（青蛙）、toad（蟾蜍） 其他：dolphin（海豚）、shark（鲨鱼）、bee（蜜蜂）、butterfly（蝴蝶） （二）描述野生动物特征与习性的词汇 外貌特征：fur（皮毛）、feather（羽毛）、scale（鳞片）、horn（角）、tusk（象牙）、trunk（象鼻）、wing（翅膀）、tail（尾巴）、claw（爪子）、beak（鸟喙）、striped（有条纹的）、spotted（有斑点的）、smooth（光滑的）、rough（粗糙的）、long（长的）、short（短的）、big（大的）、small（小的）、fat（胖的）、thin（瘦的） 生活习性：live（生活）、inhabit（栖息）、feed on（以…… 为食）、hunt（捕猎）、prey（猎物）、predator（捕食者）、migrate（迁徙）、hibernate（冬眠）、nocturnal（夜行性的）、diurnal（昼行性的）、solitary（独居的）、social（群居的）、active（活跃的）、lazy（懒惰的）、aggressive（有攻击性的）、gentle（温和的） （三）与野生动物保护相关的词汇 保护行为：protect（保护）、conserve（保护；保存）、preserve（保护；维护）、save（拯救）、defend（保卫）、guard（守护）、rescue（营救）、rehabilitate（使康复；使恢复原状）、release（释放） 保护措施：establish nature reserves（建立自然保护区）、make laws（制定法律）、carry out research（开展研究）、educate the public（教育公众）、stop poaching（制止偷猎）、reduce pollution（减少污染）、restore habitats（恢复栖息地）、control hunting（控制捕猎）、promote sustainable development（促进可持续发展） 相关组织与机构：WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature)（世界自然基金会）、IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature)（国际自然保护联盟）、Wildlife Conservation Society（野生动物保护协会） （四）表达数量变化与生存状态的词汇 数量变化：increase（增加）、decrease（减少）、rise（上升）、fall（下降）、drop（下降）、grow（增长）、shrink（缩小）、multiply（繁殖；增加）、decline（衰退；下降） 生存状态：endangered（濒危的）、threatened（受到威胁的）、extinct（灭绝的）、survive（生存；存活）、suffer（遭受）、struggle（挣扎）、adapt（适应）、thrive（茁壮成长） 二、主题表达 （一）阐述野生动物重要性的常用句式 Wildlife plays a crucial /vital/significant role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem.（野生动物在维持生态系统平衡方面起着至关重要的作用。） They are an essential part of the biodiversity on Earth.（它们是地球上生物多样性的重要组成部分。） Many animals have unique characteristics and abilities that contribute to the richness of nature.（许多动物具有独特的特征和能力，为大自然的丰富性做出贡献。） Without wildlife, the ecological balance would be severely disrupted, leading to various problems such as food chain collapse and environmental degradation.（没有野生动物，生态平衡将受到严重破坏，导致诸如食物链崩溃和环境恶化等各种问题。） The existence of wildlife enriches our planet and provides us with countless ecological, economic, and cultural benefits.（野生动物的存在丰富了我们的星球，并为我们提供了无数的生态、经济和文化利益。） （二）描述野生动物面临威胁的表达 Habitat loss due to deforestation, urbanization, and agricultural expansion is one of the main threats to wildlife.（由于森林砍伐、城市化和农业扩张导致的栖息地丧失是野生动物面临的主要威胁之一。） Poaching and illegal trade of wildlife products have driven many species to the brink of extinction.（偷猎和野生动物制品的非法贸易已使许多物种濒临灭绝。） Pollution, including air, water, and soil pollution, has a negative impact on the survival and reproduction of wildlife.（污染，包括空气、水和土壤污染，对野生动物的生存和繁殖产生负面影响。） Climate change is altering the habitats of wildlife, making it difficult for them to adapt and survive.（气候变化正在改变野生动物的栖息地，使它们难以适应和生存。） Human activities such as overhunting, habitat destruction, and introduction of invasive species are putting wildlife at great risk.（人类活动，如过度捕猎、栖息地破坏和外来物种的引入，使野生动物面临巨大风险。） （三）呼吁保护野生动物的语句 We should take immediate action to protect wildlife and their habitats.（我们应该立即采取行动保护野生动物及其栖息地。） It is our responsibility to ensure the survival and well being of wildlife for future generations.（为子孙后代确保野生动物的生存和福祉是我们的责任。） Let's raise awareness about wildlife protection and encourage more people to get involved.（让我们提高对野生动物保护的认识，鼓励更多人参与进来。） Protecting wildlife is not only for the animals themselves but also for the sustainable development of our planet.（保护野生动物不仅是为了动物本身，也是为了我们星球的可持续发展。） Every species has the right to exist, and we must work together to save them from extinction.（每个物种都有生存的权利，我们必须共同努力拯救它们免于灭绝。） 综合实战演练 1 International Polar Bear Day The International Polar Bear Day is coming! Let’s get to know the largest bears! Some facts about polar Bears’ Color They are actually black, not white. They appear white because their hair reflects (反射) sunlight. Skills ● They have an amazing sense of smell. ● They are excellent swimmers. ● They can keep themselves warm even in very low temperatures. Challenges that polar bears face ● They depend on sea ice for resting, hunting and breeding (繁殖), but the area of sea ice is becoming smaller and smaller. ● People dump oil waste or other harmful things into the sea, which puts them in danger. ● They still face the danger of being hunted by humans. 1．What do polar bears mainly feed on? A．Fish. B．Birds. C．Eggs. D．Seals. 2．Why do polar bears appear white? A．Because their hair is white. B．Because their food is white. C．Because they live in the snow. D．Because their hair reflects sunlight. 3．Why are polar bears in danger? A．Because the ocean is getting smaller. B．Because water pollution becomes worse. C．Because other animals hunt them for food. D．Because the weather is getting colder. 4．What can we know from the passage? A．Polar bears are good at swimming. B．Polar bears have very good hearing. C．A baby polar bear is as heavy as a man. D．Polar bears are the largest animals in the world. 5．Where does this passage most likely come from? A．A history book. B．A classic novel. C．A geography magazine. D．A science fiction novel. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了北极熊的生态特征、生存挑战及环境污染。 1．细节理解题。根据右侧图表“food”中关于北极熊吃不同食物的占比可知，北极熊主要以Seals“海豹”为食。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据Color中的介绍“They appear white because their hair reflects sunlight”可知，北极熊看起来是白色的，是因为它们的毛发能够反射阳光。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Challenges that polar bears face”中的介绍“People dump oil waste or other harmful things into the sea, which puts them in danger.”可知，北极熊正面临危险，原因是水污染的情况愈发严重了。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据Skills中的介绍“They are excellent swimmers.”可知，北极熊是游泳高手。故选A。 5．推理判断题。通读全文，本文主要介绍了北极熊的生态特征、生存挑战及环境污染，应是区域性生态问题，属于地理范畴，则最有可能在地理杂志上读到本文。故选C。 2 Southern white rhinos (犀牛) mainly live in Africa. They are very large in size, about 4 metres long, 1.75 metres high, and over two tons in weight. There are two horns (角) on the nose. The front horn is over half a metre long, while the other one is smaller. Southern white rhinos are not really white. They are grey in colour. “White” may come from the Afrikaans word for “wide”. It has some connections with their wide mouths. Southern white rhinos live on grass, leaves, fruits and so on. They have very poor eyesight. However, they have good hearing and an excellent sense of smell. Their skin is nearly 5 cm thick but is very sensitive. During the day, they try to find a cool place to avoid sunburn. Southern white rhinos lie in mud (泥浆) when they can, as it sticks to their skin and protects them from the bright African sun. Some humans kill rhinos for their horns. They sell horns to those who believe horns have magic powers or can treat sickness. It puts southern white rhinos in danger. Now many actions are taken to protect southern white rhinos. The international trade in rhino horns has been stopped in the world. Besides, many protected areas have been built, especially in South Africa. Up to 2020, more than 20 countries had made rules to protect southern white rhinos. Today the number of southern white rhinos has increased to over 20, 000 in the wild. 6．Where do southern white rhinos mainly live? A．In Europe. B．In America. C．In Africa. D．In Asia. 7．What colour are southern white rhinos? A．Red. B．Blue. C．Grey. D．Black. 8．What does the underlined word “sensitive” probably mean in Paragraph 2? A．健康的 B．敏感的 C．光滑的 D．幽默的 9．Why do some humans kill southern white rhinos? A．For their horns. B．For their meat. C．For their noses. D．For their skins. 10．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．Ways to feed southern white rhinos. B．Actions of protecting southern white rhinos. C．Places for southern white rhinos to live in. D．The life of southern white rhinos. 【答案】6．C 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了南方白犀牛的栖息地、外形特征、生活习性以及人类对其保护的措施。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Southern white rhinos mainly live in Africa.”可知，它们的主要栖息地是非洲。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Southern white rhinos are not really white. They are grey in colour.”可知，它们的真实颜色是灰色。故选C。 8．词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“Their skin is nearly 5 cm thick but is very sensitive.”（它们的皮肤近5厘米厚，但非常敏感。）以及后文“During the day, they try to find a cool place to avoid sunburn.”（白天它们会寻找阴凉处以避免晒伤。）可推知，“sensitive”意为“敏感的”。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“Some humans kill rhinos for their horns.”可知，人类猎杀南方白犀牛的主要目的是获取它们的角。故选A。 10．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Now many actions are taken to protect southern white rhinos…”（如今已采取许多措施保护南方白犀牛……）以及后文列举的具体保护措施（如禁止犀牛角国际贸易、建立保护区等）可推知，本段主要讲的是保护南方白犀牛的行动。故选B。 3 Weight: 5—9kg Length: 45—65cm Average lifespan (寿命) in the world: 8 years Diet: bamboo, acorns, insects, fruit, eggs In September, in addition to (除……之外) the red leaves, there are also red pandas in the forests. Every year, the third Saturday in September marks International Red Panda Day. The red panda is tiny compared to (与……相比) the black and white giant panda. These pandas usually grow to the size of a house cat. The pandas use their tails as blankets in the mountains. They live alone, mainly active at night, and are mostly inactive during the day. Why are they in danger? 1. Hunting. 2. Loss of living areas. 3. Limited food supply. 4. Predators (天敌). 11．The underlined word “Diet” means “________” in Chinese. A．活动 B．特长 C．习惯 D．饮食 12．How many reasons are mentioned (被提及) for red pandas in danger? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 13．From the passage, we can know that ________. A．International Red Panda Day is on the first Saturday in September B．red pandas are as big as giant pandas C．the number of red pandas in the wild is becoming much smaller D．red pandas usually live as a family in the mountain forests 14．Where can we probably read the passage? A．In a diary. B．In a science magazine. C．In a health report. D．In a history book. 【答案】11．D 12．C 13．C 14．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了小熊猫的基本信息、生活习性以及濒危原因。 11．词句猜测题。根据“Diet: bamboo, acorns, insects, fruit, eggs”可知，此处列举的“竹子、橡子、昆虫、水果、鸡蛋” 均为食物，故Diet意为“饮食”。故选D。 12．细节理解题。根据“1. Hunting.”、“2. Loss of living areas.”、“3. Limited food supply.”和“4. Predators (天敌).”可知，共提及四个濒危原因。故选C。 13．推理判断题。根据“Why are they in danger?”可推知，野外小熊猫的数量正变得越来越少。故选C。 14．推理判断题。文章介绍了小熊猫的相关知识，属于自然科学范畴，最可能出自科学杂志。故选B。 4 About 1,101 manatees died in Florida in 2021, many from hunger. So government wildlife experts (专家) came up with a plan to give food to the manatees. They decided to feed them green vegetables like lettuce and cabbage. Ron Mezich, an expert, said, “We’re making a difference.” By the end of 2021, they had served up more than 193,000 pounds of lettuce to hungry manatees. Manatees are huge sea animals that only eat seagrass and other plants that live in the sea. That’s one reason why they’re sometimes called “sea cows”. Since 1967, Florida’s manatees have been on the US government’s list of endangered animals. Most dangers to manatees come from humans. One of the biggest problems facing the animals are boats. Thousands of manatees were hit or killed by boats. At one point, there were only about 2,000 manatees left in Florida. With protection, the number increased. In 2016, there were more than 6,000 manatees. However, as seagrass began to disappear, the number of manatees keeps going down again. Warming seas with polluted water have created huge growths of algae (藻) on the ocean’s surface. The algae block (阻挡) the sunlight, so the seagrass dies. In Indian River Lagoon, where manatees often go in the winter, about 90% of the seagrass beds there have died off. Florida will work to help restore (恢复) seagrass beds. But that will take time. Scientists still worry that hundreds more manatees could die in the coming years. 15．Why did many manatees die in Florida in 2021? A．Because of hunger. B．Because of cold weather. C．Because of other sea animals. D．Because of boat accidents. 16．Why are manatees sometimes called “sea cows”? A．They are as big as cows. B．They can swim like cows. C．They have tails like cows. D．They feed on plants like cows. 17．How has the number of manatees changed over years? A． B． C． D． 18．Which shows the correct order of the causes of manatees’ death? A．sea pollution → growth of algae → death of seagrass → death of manatees B．growth of algae → sea pollution → death of seagrass → death of manatees C．sea pollution → death of seagrass → growth of algae → death of manatees D．growth of algae → death of seagrass → sea pollution → death of manatees 19．Which is the best title for this passage? A．The Growth of Algae in Oceans B．The Death of Seagrass in Florida C．Manatees: The “Sea Cows” of Florida D．Saving Florida’s Manatees from Hunger 【答案】15．A 16．D 17．B 18．A 19．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕佛罗里达州海牛的生存状况展开，介绍了海牛死亡原因、数量变化及保护相关情况 。 15．细节理解题。根据“About 1,101 manatees died in Florida in 2021, many from hunger.”可知，2021年佛罗里达州很多海牛因饥饿死亡，故选A。 16．细节理解题。根据“Manatees are huge sea animals that only eat seagrass and other plants that live in the sea. That’s one reason why they’re sometimes called ‘sea cows’.” 可知，海牛因像牛一样以植物为食，所以被称为 “海牛”，故选D。 17．推理判断题。根据“Since 1967, Florida’s manatees have been on the US government’s list of endangered animals ... the number of manatees keeps going down again.”可知，海牛数量变化是1967年后减少，受保护后2016年增加，后来又因海藻等问题减少，与B图趋势相符，故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据“Warming seas with polluted water have created huge growths of algae on the ocean’s surface. ... Scientists still worry that hundreds more manatees could die in the coming years.”可知，海牛死亡原因顺序是海水污染 → 海藻生长 → 海草死亡 → 海牛死亡，故选A。 19．最佳标题题。文章主要讲佛罗里达州海牛因饥饿等问题面临生存危机，以及相关保护措施，D选项“拯救佛罗里达州海牛免于饥饿”为最佳标题。故选D。 5 “Save Tigers Now” is a group of caring volunteers. They really want to help tigers. Long ago, at the start of the 20th century, there were around 100,000 tigers in the wild in Asia. But today, there are only a few thousand. That’s a big problem! Tigers live in Asian forests. They have pretty orange fur with dark stripes. In many stories, tigers are brave. They’re at the top of the food chain. They help keep the number of other animals just right. So, they’re super important for nature. These days, tigers are in big trouble. Some bad people kill tigers to make money. Also, people cut down too many trees. The forests where tigers live are getting smaller. Without their homes, tigers can’t live well. The “Save Tigers Now” group does lots of things. They tell people how important tigers are. They also try to stop people from hurting tigers. They hope more people will join them to save these wonderful animals. 25．How many wild tigers were there in Asia at the start of the 20th century? A．Around 1,000. B．Around 10,000. C．Around 100,000. D．Around 1000,000. 26．Why are tigers important for nature? A．Because they have nice fur. B．Because they keep the number of other animals balanced. C．Because they are in stories. D．Because they live in forests. 27．What problem are tigers facing? A．People love tigers too much. B．People cut down trees and their homes are getting smaller. C．There are too many tigers. D．Tigers can’t find friends. 28．What does the “Save Tigers Now” group do? A．They kill tigers. B．They cut down more trees. C．They tell people to help tigers. D．They catch tigers and put them in cages. 【答案】25．C 26．B 27．B 28．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了亚洲野生老虎数量锐减的现状、老虎在生态系统中的重要性以及“Save Tigers Now”组织为保护老虎所做的努力。 25．细节理解题。根据“Long ago, at the start of the 20th century, there were around 100,000 tigers in the wild in Asia.”可知，20世纪初亚洲野生老虎的数量约为10万只。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据“They’re at the top of the food chain. They help keep the number of other animals just right.”可知，老虎对自然的重要性在于它们能平衡其他动物的数量。故选B。 27．细节理解题。根据“Also, people cut down too many trees. The forests where tigers live are getting smaller.”可知，老虎面临的问题是森林砍伐导致栖息地减少。故选B。 28．细节理解题。根据“They tell people how important tigers are. They also try to stop people from hurting tigers.”可知，“Save Tigers Now”组织通过呼吁人们保护老虎来采取行动。故选C。 6 The last Eurasian lynxes (猞猁) in the British Isles lived a life of danger as they moved quickly away from the campfire and vicious (凶险的) dogs, and hid in holes. Because of disappearing woodlands, being short of animals for food, and hunting, lynxes started to disappear from these Islands about 1,500 years ago. But experts hope to bring the Eurasian lynxes back to Scotland one day. Wildlife conservationists (保护者) in Switzerland, Germany, France, and other countries have taken Eurasian lynxes from elsewhere in their areas and introduced them again to protected forests, allowing their populations to grow. Now they are hoping to do the same thing in Scotland. Returning the lynxes would do more than just improve the numbers of this once-endangered animal. A win for the lynxes is a win for the forest and the planet. When the Eurasian lynxes disappeared, so did the Scottish landscape. Without these lynxes and other animals hunting them, deer population increased (增加) a lot. Those animals lived on the leaves of trees and bushes for food, and soon large areas of the Scottish forest disappeared since it couldn’t grow fast enough to keep up with the deer’s wish for food. Birds and rodents that depended on shelter (庇护所) in the lower level of forest plants became food for foxes, which lynxes also hunt. Experts trying to restore (恢复) the forests have to put up fences to keep deer from eating leaves of young trees. But with lynxes hanging out in the woods, experts think these lynxes would keep deer from harming the young trees, helping the forests make a comeback. And that would have even bigger influences. The Earth is losing woodlands as people cut down trees to make room for farming, and to sell the wood for products like furniture and toilet paper. Only in a year alone, the Earth lost as many trees as would cover an area larger than Michigan. So restoring forests in places like Scotland can help provide more space for wildlife and even fight climate change. That’s because trees take in carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), which takes in the sun’s heat and warms our planet. 29．We can know from the passage that the experts are trying to ________. A．buy more lynxes from abroad to keep their populations growing B．ask people to take part in the education program of saving lynxes C．put up more fences to stop deer from eating leaves on the trees D．know about lynxes’ habits to get them used to new environment 30．According to the passage, the experts tell us that ________. A．lynxes play a role in protecting the forests and the planet B．it’s helpful to cut down trees to make room for farming C．putting up more fences can help protect lynxes from dogs D．planting trees has nothing to do with the climate change 31．What’s Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．How we keep the population of wildlife successfully. B．What the disappearance of Eurasian lynxes has led to. C．Why we provide more space for wildlife in the forests. D．When we will bring Eurasian lynxes back to Scotland. 32．What’s the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage? A．To talk about the food chain of wildlife in the forests. B．To introduce the living habits of the lynxes in Scotland. C．To ask us to take part in the program of raising lynxes. D．To show us a way to protect the forests and the planet. 【答案】29．C 30．A 31．B 32．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了专家希望通过重新引入欧亚猞猁来恢复苏格兰的森林生态平衡，并阐述了猞猁对森林和地球环境的积极影响。 29．细节理解题。根据“Experts trying to restore (恢复) the forests have to put up fences to keep deer from eating leaves of young trees.”可知，试图恢复森林的专家不得不竖起栅栏，防止鹿吃幼树的叶子。故选C。 30．细节理解题。根据“A win for the lynxes is a win for the forest and the planet.”及全文内容可知，猞猁对保护森林和地球环境有重要作用。故选A。 31．主旨大意题。通读本段可知，第三段主要描述猞猁消失后鹿群泛滥导致森林破坏，以及依赖森林的鸟类和啮齿动物减少的连锁反应，B项符合。故选B。 32．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了专家希望通过重新引入欧亚猞猁来恢复苏格兰的森林生态平衡，并阐述了猞猁对森林和地球环境的积极影响，所以文章主旨是向我们展示一种保护森林和地球的方法。故选D。 7 Last Saturday, a graduation ceremony took place. Three black Labrador retrievers (拉布拉多猎犬) graduated after a year of training. These dogs are now ready to help autistic (自闭症) children. Over the past year, the dogs learned 30 skills. They can offer support to kids with special needs. Families with autistic children aged between 3 and 12 years old can apply to get one of these dogs for free. Ren Jing, who is in charge of the dog-training program, said they are receiving calls from families who want to take the dogs home. They will try to match the right dogs with the right families. The dogs can help children with sleeping problems and emotional (情绪的) issues. They can stay with autistic kids, give them love, and help them stay quiet in public. The dog-training project started in 2021. The Sichuan Science and Technology Poverty Alleviation Foundation worked with the Shanghai Erxing Guide Dogs School. Dog instructor Zhang Shiping said the dogs would stay with autistic children, making them feel safe and helping them reduce stress. At the graduation ceremony, the 2-year-old dogs, Yili, Halei, and Hali, showed their skills. Hali placed his head on a volunteer child’s lap. Yili gave a “hug” to a child. The instructors said Yili has a very calm personality, so she is good for kids who get angry easily. Halei and Hali are enthusiastic, so they are better for shy kids. Several parents are interested in adopting the dogs. A mom named Chen hopes the dog can accompany (陪伴) her child and make him happier. 33．What happened last Saturday? A．Three Labrador retrievers began to receive a year of training. B．Ren Jing was ready to set up a new dog-training project. C．A graduation ceremony for three Labrador retrievers was held. D．Zhang Shiping started to teach three Labrador retrievers skills. 34．Who can apply to get one of these dogs for free? A．Mike, a 7-year-old boy with hearing difficulties. B．Katrina, who has a 10-year-old autistic son. C．Sue, a 9-year-old girl who wants to keep a pet. D．Anna, whose grandma has some health problems. 35．How can these dogs help autistic children? ①They can make autistic children feel safe. ②They can help autistic children do homework. ③They can reduce autistic children’s stress. ④They can draw pictures for autistic children. A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．③④ 36．What does the underlined word enthusiastic mean in the sentence? A．Excited. B．Nervous. C．Worried. D．Lonely. 37．Where can we possibly find this article? A．In a storybook. B．In a history book. C．In a travel guide. D．In a newspaper. 【答案】33．C 34．B 35．B 36．A 37．D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了上周六，三只拉布拉多犬从训练学校毕业，它们将免费帮助自闭症儿童，提供情感支持和陪伴的事情。 33．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Last Saturday, a graduation ceremony took place. Three black Labrador retrievers (拉布拉多猎犬) graduated after a year of training.”可知，上周六，举行了三只拉布拉多犬的毕业典礼。故选C。 34．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Families with autistic children aged between 3 and 12 years old can apply to get one of these dogs for free.”可知，有3至12岁自闭症儿童的家庭可以申请免费获得一只这样的狗。故选B。 35．细节理解题。根据第五段中“Dog instructor Zhang Shiping said the dogs would stay with autistic children, making them feel safe and helping them reduce stress.”可知，狗教练张士平说，这些狗会和自闭症儿童待在一起，让他们感到安全，并帮助他们减轻压力。故选B。 36．词义猜测题。根据第七段中“Halei and Hali are enthusiastic, so they are better for shy kids.”哈雷和哈利很热情，所以他们更适合害羞的孩子。由此可推测出，下划线单词“enthusiastic”的意思是“热情的”，与excited“热情的，兴奋的”同义。故选A。 37．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了上周六，三只拉布拉多犬从训练学校毕业，它们将免费帮助自闭症儿童，提供情感支持和陪伴的事情。由此可知，我们能在报纸上找到这篇文章。故选D。 8 A new study shows that older wild animals should be protected. Why? Because they have important knowledge that helps other animals in their groups to live. Scientists read thousands of science articles about how old animals affect (影响) their homes and the dangers they face. Old animals do many good things for their homes. For example, when old birds have baby birds, they’re better at getting food and finding a nice place to live. This makes it easier for the baby birds to grow up. Old female elephants are great at remembering which animals are friendly and which ones are not. They’re also better at watching out for dangers, like lions, Old orcas (killer whales) use their smarts to help their families find food when there isn’t much around. But in some places, old animals are in trouble. Fishing has made the number of old fish go down a lot. In some groups, it’s dropped by as much as 97%! This hurts the “group memory” that young fish need to learn how to stay alive. In places where people hunt animals illegally (非法地), old animals are in even more danger. They often have big tusks, horns, or antlers that hunters want. Scientists from Charles Darwin University in Australia say we need to do more to keep old animals alive. They think the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the group that watches over animals in danger around the world, should pay more attention to old animals. This can help experts think of ways to protect them. They also say fishing companies should stop catching so many old fish, so that all the fish can live well. 38．What is the purpose of the second paragraph? A．To introduce different kinds of old wild animals. B．To list the names of groups that protect old animals. C．To show the good things old animals do for their groups. D．To explain the reasons why old animals are in danger. 39．Which reason mainly causes old animals to be in danger? A．Forest fires. B．Human actions. C．Animal competition. D．Water pollution. 40．What does the underlined word “hunt” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Care for and study. B．Learn about and love. C．Look for and kill. D．Run after and protect. 41．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Fishing companies may change their fishing ways. B．The IUCN has already done enough for old animals. C．Old animals won’t face any dangers in the future. D．Only old fish really need to be protected well. 【答案】38．C 39．B 40．C 41．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新研究指出老年野生动物应被保护，因其对群体有益却面临危险，科学家为此提出了保护建议。 38．主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句“Old animals do many good things for their homes.”以及后文列举的老鸟、母象、虎鲸对各自群体的帮助可知，该段是为了说明老年动物为它们的群体所做的好事。故选C。 39．细节理解题。根据“Fishing has made the number of old fish go down a lot.”和“In places where people hunt animals illegally, old animals are in even more danger.”可知，主要是人类活动导致老年动物处于危险之中。故选B。 40．词义猜测题。根据“They often have big tusks, horns, or antlers that hunters want.”可推测，猎人想要老年动物的 tusks、horns等，所以“hunt”应是“寻找并杀死”的意思。故选C。 41．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“They also say fishing companies should stop catching so many old fish, so that all the fish can live well.”可推断，渔业公司可能会改变他们的捕鱼方式。故选A。   9 Sunshine, beaches and coconuts (椰子)—these are why people usually go to Hainan. But more than a good place for travelers and foodies, it’s also a wonderland of plants and animals. Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park in the south-central part of Hainan Island, has the most and well-kept tropical rain forests in China. President Xi Jinping visited it in April, 2023. The national park covers 4,269 square kilometers, or one-seventh of the island. More than 95 percent of the park is virgin (原始的) forest and is home to 3,653 species (种类) of vascular plants and 540 species of terrestrial vertebrates. The park is the only home of the world’s most endangered primate (灵长类动物)—the Hainan gibbon. It’s an uncommon species. They look like monkeys, but have no tails. They live in the trees their whole life. Every morning, they whistle loudly to mark their territory (领地). They eat fruits and leaves from more than 130 plants. The number of Hainan gibbons has become larger from fewer than 10 in the 1980s to 36 in 2022. This shows China’s achievements in environmental protection. Not just a sweet home to animals, the park is a “live museum” of amazing plants. More than 400 kinds of plants grow only in Hainan. Cycas hainanensis (海南苏铁) is a wild plant native to the island. With feather-like leaves, this plant can live to be 200 years old. If it lives in the Yangtze River Basin and North China, it grows almost without flowers or fruit. But in Hainan, Cycas hainanensis plants over 10 years old blossom (开花) and have fruit almost every year, thanks to the warm and wet weather. With so many plants and animals, the biodiversity index (指数) of the park—a number to rate species diversity—is as high as 6.28. It is comparable (可比较的) to the Amazon rainforest in Brazil. That’s why people call the park a treasure for both China and the world. 42．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________. A．an introduction to Hainan gibbon B．the views of the park C．the news of the park’s opening D．details of rare plants and animals 43．What do we know about the Hainan gibbon? A．It is a monkey without a tail. B．Its voice sounds like a crying baby. C．It lives on plants and birds. D．It is a species only found in Hainan. 44．From the story, we can infer that a Cycas hainanensis plant ________. A．never blossoms and has fruit B．can only live for 10 years in Hainan C．lives better in warm and wet weather D．first blossoms when it is 10 years old 45．Which of the following may be the writer’s opinion? A．Human activities will surely hurt the rainforest. B．We must start to do something for rare species. C．China has done a great job in protecting the rainforest. D．We should compare our rainforest with the Amazon rainforest. 【答案】42．A 43．D 44．C 45．C 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了海南热带雨林国家公园位于海南岛中南部，拥有中国面积最大、保存最完好的热带雨林，生物多样性丰富，是中国乃至世界的瑰宝，彰显了中国的环保成就。 42．推理判断题。根据“The park is the only home of the world’s most endangered primate (灵长类动物)—the Hainan gibbon. It’s an uncommon species. They look like monkeys, but have no tails...”可知，第三段主要是对海南长臂猿的介绍。故选A。 43．细节理解题。根据“The park is the only home of the world’s most endangered primate (灵长类动物)—the Hainan gibbon.”可知，海南长臂猿是一种只在海南被发现的物种。故选D。 44．推理判断题。根据“But in Hainan, cycas hainanensis plants over 10 years old blossom (开花) and have fruit almost every year, thanks to the warm and wet weather.”可知，海南苏铁在温暖潮湿的天气下生长得更好，能开花结果。故选C。 45．观点态度题。根据“The number of Hainan gibbons has become larger from fewer than 10 in the 1980s to 36 in 2022. This shows China’s achievements in environmental protection.”可知，作者认为中国在保护热带雨林方面做得很好。故选C。 ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$