Unit 8 Safe and sound 过去进行时& when, while, as-【简语法-单元重点语法精练】英语八年级上册（译林版2024）

单元核心语法·精练 Unit 8 Safe and sound （过去进行时& when/while/as 用法） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、过去进行时 用法介绍 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性或正在进行的状态，常与特定时间状语搭配使用。其结构为 “was/were + 动词 - ing 形式”。 句式类型 结构 示例 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 动词 - ing + 其他 She was reading at 8 p.m. last night.（昨晚 8 点她正在读书。） 否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 动词 - ing + 其他 They were not watching TV at that time.（那时他们没在看电视。） 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 动词 - ing + 其他？ Were you listening to music just now?（刚才你在听音乐吗？） 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 动词 - ing + 其他？ What was he doing this morning?（今天早上他在做什么？） 注意事项 1. 动词使用限制：部分动词不用于进行时，如表示心理状态的动词（love, hate, know）、感官动词（see, hear, taste）、短暂性动词（decide, stop）等（如错误：He was knowing the answer. 正确：He knew the answer.）。 2. 与一般过去时的区别：过去进行时强调 “正在进行的动作”，一般过去时强调 “已完成的动作”（如 He was writing a letter when I called.（我打电话时他正在写信。→过去进行时表持续动作）；He wrote a letter yesterday.（他昨天写了一封信。→一般过去时表完成动作））。 二、when, while 和 as 的用法 用法介绍 when, while 和 as 均表示 “当…… 时候”，但在时间范围、动词性质和语境搭配上有区别，常与过去进行时或一般过去时连用。 连词 时间范围 动词性质（从句） 典型搭配句型 when 可指时间点或时间段 可接瞬间性或延续性动词 一般过去时 + when + 过去进行时（短动作 + 长动作） 如：He came when I was cooking.（我做饭时他来了。） while 仅指时间段 必须接延续性动词 过去进行时 + while + 过去进行时（两个长动作同时进行） 如：I was reading while she was drawing.（我看书时她在画画。） as 可指时间点或时间段 可接瞬间性或延续性动词 强调 “一边…… 一边……” 或 “随着……” 如：She sang as she walked.（她边走边唱。） 注意事项 1. while 的限制：while 引导的从句谓语必须是延续性动词（如错误：While he arrived, I was busy. 正确：When he arrived, I was busy.）。 2. 主从句时态搭配：当描述 “长动作正在进行时，短动作突然发生” 时，长动作用过去进行时，短动作用一般过去时，可用 when/while/as 连接（如 It started to rain while we were playing.（我们玩的时候开始下雨了。））。 3. as 的特殊含义：as 可表 “随着”，强调时间推移（如 As the days went by, the weather got colder.（随着日子一天天过去，天气变凉了。））。 一、单项选择 1．（24-25八年级上·江苏淮安·期末）—Amy, you didn’t answer my call. What were you doing at 8 o’clock last night? —Sorry. I ________ TV at that time. A．watch B．watched C．was watching D．am watching 2．（24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期末）—Sandy, what is your plan for the coming winter holiday? —Pardon? I’m sorry. I ________ about something else. A．think B．thought C．am thinking D．was thinking 3．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）—Why didn’t you come to our party yesterday? —Sorry. I ________ a football match on TV from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. and forgot the time. A．watched B．was watching C．am watching D．will watch 4．（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—Did you watch the celebration 25th anniversary of Macao’s return to motherland? —Oh, no! I _________ a report at that time. A．wrote B．was writing C．am writing D．would write 5．（24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·期末）—Is everything ready for the New Year Party? —I guess not. Henry and Hans ______ the room when I met them this morning. A．decorate B．decorated C．are decorating D．were decorating 6．（24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期末）—I called you at 7:00 yesterday evening, but nobody answered. —I’m sorry for it. My parents and I ________ in the supermarket. A．am shopping B．are shopping C．was shopping D．were shopping 7．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）—Tom, did you notice Jack come in? —No. I ________ a football game at that time. A．watch B．watched C．was watching D．am watching 8．（24-25八年级上·北京房山·期末）My mother ________ dinner when my brother and I got home yesterday. A．cooks B．will cook C．is cooking D．was cooking 9．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）When I passed by the music room, Sandy ________ the song Auld Lang Syne for the coming school-leaver’s party. A．practised B．will practise C．is practising D．was practising 10．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）—Why are you so late today? —Three buses went by without stopping while I ________ at the bus stop. A．was waiting B．waited C．wait D．am waiting 11．（24-25八年级上·安徽合肥·期末）Sophia ________ for the coming test when her friends came to her house. A．prepares B．is preparing C．prepared D．was preparing 12．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）We ________ a boat on the lake when it started to rain. A．are rowing B．were rowing C．rowed D．row 13．（24-25八年级上·江苏镇江·期末）—Did you see the traffic accident yesterday? —Yes. It happened when I ________ past the museum. A．walked B．am walking C．will walk D．was walking 14．（24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·期末）While I ________ in the supermarket with my mum yesterday evening, my sister ________ at home. A．was shopping; was reading B．shopped; read C．am shopping; is reading D．was shopping; read 15．（24-25八年级上·北京延庆·期末）She ________ an e-mail when her boss came in. A．write B．writes C．wrote D．was writing 二、完成句子：根据句意在空格处填入一个合适的单词或者用括号所给单词的正确形式填空 1. （24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）We (climb) the hill when it began to rain yesterday. 2. （24-25八年级上·山东德州·期末）They arrived while we (have) dinner. 3. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）When I arrived at the theatre, all the followers (wait) for the show to start. 4. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）The children (do) their homework when the power went out. 5. （24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期末）While we (mop) the floor, the telephone suddenly rang. 6. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）I heard someone knocking at the door while (mop) the floor. 7. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）Tommy (kick) football with his friends when it began to rain. 8. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）I (read) my favourite book when someone knocked on the door. 9. （24-25八年级上·安徽马鞍山·期末）I (sleep) when the earthquake happened. 10. （24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—Did you see Anne outside the door just now? —Sure. She (ring) someone, so I nodded to her and went away. 11. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）Sorry, I didn’t hear your word. I (think) about which book to read next. 12. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）—I saw Alice in Greenwich Park last Sunday afternoon. —What? But she (practise) playing the volleyball with me that whole afternoon. 13. （24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期末）I (cook) in my kitchen when a fire suddenly broke out in my son’s room. 14. （24-25八年级上·辽宁营口·期末）All the students (prepare) for the coming exam when the teacher came in. 15. （23-24八年级上·黑龙江双鸭山·期末）My father (run) in the playground at this time yesterday. 三、选词填空 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·江苏苏州·期末）请认真阅读下面的短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或者短语，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅使用一次。 jump out of, follow, close, low, high What are you going to do if you are in a burning house? Do you know how to save yourself? Please read the 1 passage. Knowing what to do during a fire can save your life. It’s important to know the right ways to run away, such as exits and stairways, but not lifts. On the 2 floors of buildings, running away from the windows is proper. Leaving from windows may get the least chance of being hurt. When you are on the ground floor, it’s usually not high from the ground. It’s about the 3 of an adult. It’s safer 4 the house than to stay in it. It’s important to protect yourself when you’re waiting for help. Be sure to keep the door 5 . If you don’t do that, smoke may come into the room. It’s bad for you. Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期末）从方框中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文内容完整正确 be careful with   tips   directions   nervous   should Sandy: Hey, Daniel. I heard you are an excellent climber. I’m planning to go climbing, but I am a bit worried about the safety of climbing hills. Do you have any 1 ? Daniel: Sure! It’s exciting to enjoy the sights from all 2 on the top of the mountain. Here is my advice. First, you 3 wear climbing shoes. Sandy: All right. Anything else? Daniel: You should 4 the falling rocks. They are dangerous. Sandy:OK, I will. What should I take with me? Daniel: You should take some water, food and your phone. If you lose your way, don’t be 5 . Calm down, and scream for help. Sandy:OK. Thanks, Daniel. Passage 3 （22-23八年级上·江苏南通·期中）请阅读下面短文，从短文后的七个短语中选择五个正确答案，分别将序号填入空白处，使短文逻辑意思通顺。 A．keep us away from  B．At most  C． seems to be  D．by ourselves   E. In this way  F. For example  G. Instead of We go to school every day and enjoy our school life. School life is full of fun, and the school 1 the safest place in the world. But do you know that our school life could be dangerous if we are not careful enough? How do we make the school safer and 2 danger? Here are some tips for us to be safe in an easy way. 3 , we must remember some important rules in the playground. Before we do sports, we need to do some warm-up activities (热身运动), and after that we should drink some water. And in the classroom, we need to learm how to behave well. Don’t run in the hallways. We mustn’t fight with or run after each other. And teachers need to keep an eye on the students after class and stop them from running. What’s more, we can have some practice to learn to protect ourselves from a fire. 4 , we can know where to go if there is a fire in our school. We should learn to use the fire extinguisher (灭火器), too. I don’t think we should put out a fire 5 , because it is too dangerous for young students. Well, I think all of us should think more of our safety in school. 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·江苏常州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This is a story about what a father did in an earthquake. An 8.2 earthquake 1 (hit) the city in 1989. In less than four minutes, it killed 2 (thousand) of people. Right away, a father rushed to his son’s school, 3 he sadly found the building had come down. The man almost broke down. He remembered what he always said to his son, “No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you!” And tears began to fill his eyes. He rushed to the back right corner of the building and started digging (挖) through the stones. As he 4 (work) in piles of stones, other helpless parents arrived. They said, “It’s too late! They’re all dead! Go home! It’s 5 (possible) for you to save him!” To each parent, he answered, “Are you going to help me or not?” No one joined him. The firemen and police also came and told him 6 (stop), “There are big fires. You’re in great 7 (dangerous). We’ll take care of it. Go home.” To them, he said again, “Are you going to help me now?” No one knew what to say. His fingers were hurt badly, but he dug even 8 (quick). For a long time, he kept digging for his son, stone by stone. Then, in the 38th hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son 9 (shout) for help. The man called his son’s name excitedly, “Peter!” Soon he heard back, “Dad? It’s me, Dad! I knew you would save me! You said that no matter what happened, you would always be there for me! You did it, Dad!” Everyone was surprised and moved. They said to 10 (they), “Nothing is too hard for a loving father.” Sometimes, love can help us complete the most difficult work. Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over the years, movies and books have used tornadoes a lot in their stories. 1 tornado can be very dangerous. It usually has wind speeds (速度) over 300 miles per hour, and 2 (travel) over 50 miles before ending. Most tornadoes last for less than 10 minutes, but larger ones usually last around 30 minutes. 3 (sad), tornadoes kill about 60 people every year in America. Scientists can’t go inside tornadoes. That means tornadoes are very hard to study. As a result, it is still 4 (certain) how tornadoes form (形成) and die. 5 (tell) how strong a tornado is, scientists look at how much damage (损坏) it causes and show the levels on the EF-Scale (分级) 6 EFO to EF5. For example, if a tornado only damages trees, it will be at the level of EFO, while a tornado at 7 (strong) level of EF5 blows away buildings with wind speeds over 300 miles per hour. 8 tornadoes can happen very quickly, make sure you know what to do when facing them. When you find 9 (you) meeting a tornado, calm down and try to find a safe place inside. Put your hands over the back of your head for 10 (protect). Also, stay away from windows and heavy things, or they may fall on you. Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·四川绵阳·期末）语法填空：阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Bill, one of my classmates, bought some 1 from a supermarket last weekend. He bought some beef, pork, chicken, fruits and vegetables. Because it was his 2 (sixteen) birthday, he wanted to have a big birthday party at home. He invited most of his 3 (classmate) to share the food together. But after they had the food, all of 4 (they) didn’t feel well. They got poisoned (中毒) and had stomachaches. Then they were sent to the 5 nearby at once.The doctor there looked them over 6 (careful), then said the food they ate were poisonous. The doctor gave them some injections (打针) and some 7 (medicine) for them to take at home. They were out of danger at last. But it was very dangerous. If they weren’t sent to the hospital 8 time, they would have the danger of dying. From this accident we realize the importance of food safety. I hope all of us can pay more attention to it. If everyone can 9 something to stop it, there will be 10 (little) food safety problems in our society. And I think the government should do something to stop the problem, too. Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·辽宁营口·期末）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The last Monday in March is an important day in China. It is a day for school safety education. This year, the day falls 1 March 25th. It helps students learn more about safety in order to make sure they are safe. The main 2 (accident) at school are stampedes (踩踏), earthquakes and fires. A stampede always happens in 3 (crowd) places. When students begin to push, stand there and try 4 (hold) onto something. If you fall down with many people around, put your hands around your head 5 move to one side. Remember to bend (弯) your body and legs. Earthquakes happen all over the world. Get under a desk 6 (quick) when you feel everything is moving. If you are outdoors, find a place away from buildings, trees, as well as power lines. When there is a fire, 7 (leave) the classroom as fast as possible. It’s better to put something wet over your mouth and nose. This way, you won’t breathe (呼吸) in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of 8 fire, but smoke. It makes them cough (咳嗽). It stops people 9 (get) in fresh air. That’s very dangerous! The best way to get out is to make 10 (you) lower to the floor. 9 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$单元核心语法·精练 Unit 8 Safe and sound （过去进行时& when/while/as 用法） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、过去进行时 用法介绍 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作，强调动作的持续性或正在进行的状态，常与特定时间状语搭配使用。其结构为 “was/were + 动词 - ing 形式”。 句式类型 结构 示例 肯定句 主语 + was/were + 动词 - ing + 其他 She was reading at 8 p.m. last night.（昨晚 8 点她正在读书。） 否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 动词 - ing + 其他 They were not watching TV at that time.（那时他们没在看电视。） 一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 动词 - ing + 其他？ Were you listening to music just now?（刚才你在听音乐吗？） 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 动词 - ing + 其他？ What was he doing this morning?（今天早上他在做什么？） 注意事项 1. 动词使用限制：部分动词不用于进行时，如表示心理状态的动词（love, hate, know）、感官动词（see, hear, taste）、短暂性动词（decide, stop）等（如错误：He was knowing the answer. 正确：He knew the answer.）。 2. 与一般过去时的区别：过去进行时强调 “正在进行的动作”，一般过去时强调 “已完成的动作”（如 He was writing a letter when I called.（我打电话时他正在写信。→过去进行时表持续动作）；He wrote a letter yesterday.（他昨天写了一封信。→一般过去时表完成动作））。 二、when, while 和 as 的用法 用法介绍 when, while 和 as 均表示 “当…… 时候”，但在时间范围、动词性质和语境搭配上有区别，常与过去进行时或一般过去时连用。 连词 时间范围 动词性质（从句） 典型搭配句型 when 可指时间点或时间段 可接瞬间性或延续性动词 一般过去时 + when + 过去进行时（短动作 + 长动作） 如：He came when I was cooking.（我做饭时他来了。） while 仅指时间段 必须接延续性动词 过去进行时 + while + 过去进行时（两个长动作同时进行） 如：I was reading while she was drawing.（我看书时她在画画。） as 可指时间点或时间段 可接瞬间性或延续性动词 强调 “一边…… 一边……” 或 “随着……” 如：She sang as she walked.（她边走边唱。） 注意事项 1. while 的限制：while 引导的从句谓语必须是延续性动词（如错误：While he arrived, I was busy. 正确：When he arrived, I was busy.）。 2. 主从句时态搭配：当描述 “长动作正在进行时，短动作突然发生” 时，长动作用过去进行时，短动作用一般过去时，可用 when/while/as 连接（如 It started to rain while we were playing.（我们玩的时候开始下雨了。））。 3. as 的特殊含义：as 可表 “随着”，强调时间推移（如 As the days went by, the weather got colder.（随着日子一天天过去，天气变凉了。））。 一、单项选择 1．（24-25八年级上·江苏淮安·期末）—Amy, you didn’t answer my call. What were you doing at 8 o’clock last night? —Sorry. I ________ TV at that time. A．watch B．watched C．was watching D．am watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——艾米，你没接我电话。昨晚8点你在做什么？——抱歉，我当时正在看电视。 考查过去进行时。根据“at that time”可知需用过去进行时，故选C。 2．（24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期末）—Sandy, what is your plan for the coming winter holiday? —Pardon? I’m sorry. I ________ about something else. A．think B．thought C．am thinking D．was thinking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——桑迪，你对即将到来的寒假有什么计划？——什么？对不起，我刚才在想别的事情。 考查动词时态。根据“I’m sorry”及“about something else”可知，此处是在解释刚才没有听到对方说话的原因，因为刚才正在想别的事情，所以应该用过去进行时。故选D。 3．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）—Why didn’t you come to our party yesterday? —Sorry. I ________ a football match on TV from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. and forgot the time. A．watched B．was watching C．am watching D．will watch 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你昨天为什么没来参加我们的聚会？——对不起。我从晚上7点到8点半在看足球比赛，忘记了时间。 考查过去进行时。根据“yesterday”和“from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m”可知，此处表示过去某个时间段正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，结构是was/were doing。故选B。 4．（24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—Did you watch the celebration 25th anniversary of Macao’s return to motherland? —Oh, no! I _________ a report at that time. A．wrote B．was writing C．am writing D．would write 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你看了澳门回归祖国25周年庆祝活动吗？  ——哦，没有！那时我正在写一份报告。 考查过去进行时。根据“Did you”以及“at that time”可知，此处指的是过去某个时间段内一直进行的动作，应用过去进行时，故选B。 5．（24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·期末）—Is everything ready for the New Year Party? —I guess not. Henry and Hans ______ the room when I met them this morning. A．decorate B．decorated C．are decorating D．were decorating 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——新年聚会的一切都准备好了吗？——我想不是。今天早上我遇见亨利和汉斯时，他们正在装饰房间。 考查过去进行时。根据“Henry and Hans…the room when I met them this morning.”可知此处是描述亨利和汉斯早上正在做的事情，应用过去进行时，结构为“was/were+现在分词”。故选D。 6．（24-25八年级上·江苏南通·期末）—I called you at 7:00 yesterday evening, but nobody answered. —I’m sorry for it. My parents and I ________ in the supermarket. A．am shopping B．are shopping C．was shopping D．were shopping 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我昨晚7点给你打电话，但没有人接。——很抱歉。我和父母在超市购物。 考查时态及主谓一致。根据“I called you at 7:00 yesterday evening, but nobody answered.”可知，此处指过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，用过去进行时；空处所在句的主语表复数，be动词用were。故选D。 7．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）—Tom, did you notice Jack come in? —No. I ________ a football game at that time. A．watch B．watched C．was watching D．am watching 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你注意到杰克进来了吗？——没有。那时我正在看一场足球比赛。 考查时态。根据“at that time”可知，时态应用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing，表示“杰克进来那一刻，汤姆在看一场足球比赛”；主语为I，应用was。故选C。 8．（24-25八年级上·北京房山·期末）My mother ________ dinner when my brother and I got home yesterday. A．cooks B．will cook C．is cooking D．was cooking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：昨天我和我哥哥到家时，我妈妈正在做晚饭。 考查时态。cooks一般现在时；will cook一般将来时；is cooking现在进行时；was cooking过去进行时。根据“when my brother and I got home yesterday”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应该用过去进行时。故选D。 9．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）When I passed by the music room, Sandy ________ the song Auld Lang Syne for the coming school-leaver’s party. A．practised B．will practise C．is practising D．was practising 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当我经过音乐室时，Sandy正在为即将到来的离校晚会练习歌曲《友谊地久天长》。 考查时态。根据“When I passed by the music room”可知，本句为when引导的时间状语从句，从句时态用了一般过去时，主句用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+doing”，主句主语为Sandy，be动词需用was。故选D。 10．（24-25八年级上·江苏扬州·期末）—Why are you so late today? —Three buses went by without stopping while I ________ at the bus stop. A．was waiting B．waited C．wait D．am waiting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你今天怎么来这么晚？——当我正在公交车站等车的时候，有三辆公交车没停就开走了。 考查时态。根据“Three buses went by without stopping while I...at the bus stop.”可知，此处表示正在等车时，有三辆公交车没停就开走了，主句时态为一般过去时，故此处从句时态应是过去进行时，表示“正在……”，构成为主语+was/were+doing。故选A。 11．（24-25八年级上·安徽合肥·期末）Sophia ________ for the coming test when her friends came to her house. A．prepares B．is preparing C．prepared D．was preparing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：索菲娅正在为即将到来的考试做准备，这时她的朋友们来到她家。 考查时态。根据“when her friends came to her house”可知，此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，其构成为主语+was/were+doing。故选D。 12．（24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）We ________ a boat on the lake when it started to rain. A．are rowing B．were rowing C．rowed D．row 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们正在湖上划船，这时天开始下雨了。 考查过去进行时。根据“when it started to rain”可知，此处表示过去某个时间正在做的事情，句子时态应用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were doing”；主语为“We”，be动词用were，动词row的现在分词为rowing。故选B。 13．（24-25八年级上·江苏镇江·期末）—Did you see the traffic accident yesterday? —Yes. It happened when I ________ past the museum. A．walked B．am walking C．will walk D．was walking 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你看到昨天的交通事故了吗？——是的。当我正走过博物馆的时候，事故发生了。 考查过去进行时。根据空前的“It happened”可知，空缺处强调的是过去的某一时刻正在发生的动作，主句为一般过去时，从句为when引导的时间状语从句，用过去进行时，故选D。 14．（24-25八年级上·江苏盐城·期末）While I ________ in the supermarket with my mum yesterday evening, my sister ________ at home. A．was shopping; was reading B．shopped; read C．am shopping; is reading D．was shopping; read 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨天晚上我和妈妈在超市购物时，我妹妹正在家里看书。 考查动词时态。根据“yesterday evening”可以判断这句话描述的是过去的事情，故排除选项C，根据“While I...”可知，我的动作与我妹妹的动作是同时进行，故两个空处需使用过去进行时，其结构为was/were+doing，故选A。 15．（24-25八年级上·北京延庆·期末）She ________ an e-mail when her boss came in. A．write B．writes C．wrote D．was writing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：当她老板进来的时候，她正在写一封电子邮件。 考查过去进行时的用法。句中“when her boss came in”是一个过去的时间点，强调在这个时间点她正在写邮件，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。故选D。 二、完成句子：根据句意在空格处填入一个合适的单词或者用括号所给单词的正确形式填空 1. （24-25八年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）We (climb) the hill when it began to rain yesterday. 【答案】were climbing 【详解】句意：昨天开始下雨时，我们正在爬山。根据“when it began to rain yesterday.”可知，此处表示过去某一时间正在做某事，时态为过去进行时，其构成为主语+was/were+doing，主语为We，复数，故此处用were，climb的现在分词为climbing。故填were climbing。 2. （24-25八年级上·山东德州·期末）They arrived while we (have) dinner. 【答案】were having 【详解】句意：他们来的时候我们正在吃饭。根据“They arrived while we…dinner.”及提示词可知，句子为“while”引导的时间状语从句，通常表示主句动作发生时从句的动作正在进行。主句时态为一般过去时，从句时态应为过去进行时，其谓语部分为was/were+doing。从句主语为We，be动词应为were，have的现在分词为having。故填were having。 3. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）When I arrived at the theatre, all the followers (wait) for the show to start. 【答案】were waiting 【详解】句意：当我到达剧院时，所有的粉丝都在等待演出开始。“arrived”是一般过去时，而“等待演出开始”这个动作在“到达剧院”这个时间点正在进行，所以要用过去进行时。主语“all the followers”是复数，所以be动词用were，wait的现在分词是waiting。故填were waiting。 4. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）The children (do) their homework when the power went out. 【答案】were doing 【详解】句意：停电时，孩子们正在做作业。结合“when the power went out.”可知，主句时态是过去进行时，其结构为was/were + doing，且主语“The children”为复数名词，所以be动词用were。故填were doing。 5. （24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期末）While we (mop) the floor, the telephone suddenly rang. 【答案】were mopping 【详解】句意：当我们正在拖地的时候，电话突然响了。此句是while引导的时间状语从句。根据“the telephone suddenly rang” 可知主句用一般过去时，所以从句要用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were + 现在分词”。从句主语we是复数，所以用were，mop的现在分词是mopping，故填were mopping。 6. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）I heard someone knocking at the door while (mop) the floor. 【答案】mopping 【详解】句意：当我正在拖地的时候，我听见有人敲门。此处是while引导的时间状语从句，强调过去某个时间动作正在进行，时态用过去进行时“was/were doing”；从句主语与主句一致，所以此处从句可以省略主语和be动词。故填mopping。 7. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）Tommy (kick) football with his friends when it began to rain. 【答案】was kicking 【详解】句意：下雨的时候，Tommy和朋友们正在踢足球。根据“when it began to rain”可知，本句为when引导的时间状语从句，表示发生在过去的具体时间，主句的动作会表示正在进行，需过去进行时，其结构为was/were+doing，主语为Tommy，be动词用was，动词kick的现在分词为kicking。故填was kicking。 8. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）I (read) my favourite book when someone knocked on the door. 【答案】was reading 【详解】句意：我正在看我最喜欢的书时有人敲门。根据“when someone knocked on the door”可知，有人敲门时，我正在读我最喜欢的书，表示过去某一刻正在做某事，应用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing；主语为I，应用was。故填was reading。 9. （24-25八年级上·安徽马鞍山·期末）I (sleep) when the earthquake happened. 【答案】was sleeping 【详解】句意：地震发生时我正在睡觉。结合“when the earthquake happened.”可知，该句是when引导时间状语从句，表示地震发生时我正在睡觉，所以该空要用过去进行时，其结构为was/were+doing，且主语I是第一人称。故填was sleeping。 10. （24-25八年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—Did you see Anne outside the door just now? —Sure. She (ring) someone, so I nodded to her and went away. 【答案】was ringing 【详解】句意：——你刚才在门外看见安妮了吗？ ——当然。她在给别人打电话，所以我向她点了点头就走开了。根据“so I nodded to her and went away.”可知，此处是指“我”向安妮点头时她正在打电话，应用过去进行时，其结构是was/were doing；主语She为第三人称单数，be动词用was；ring“打电话”，动词，其现在分词为ringing。故填was ringing。 11. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）Sorry, I didn’t hear your word. I (think) about which book to read next. 【答案】was thinking 【详解】句意：对不起，我没听到你的话。我在想接下来读哪本书。根据“Sorry, I didn’t hear your word.”可知，后一句思考这个动作是在过去某一时刻正在进行，用过去进行时态，结构为was/were+doing，主语是I，be动词用was，think的现在分词为thinking。故填was thinking。 12. （24-25八年级上·江苏无锡·期末）—I saw Alice in Greenwich Park last Sunday afternoon. —What? But she (practise) playing the volleyball with me that whole afternoon. 【答案】was practising 【详解】句意：——上星期天下午我在Greenwich公园看到了爱丽丝。——什么？但整个下午她都在和我练习打排球。根据答语中的时间状语that whole afternoon判断，是过去段时间，句子要用过去进行时态来表达，其构成为were/was+doing。故填was practising。 13. （24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期末）I (cook) in my kitchen when a fire suddenly broke out in my son’s room. 【答案】was cooking 【详解】句意：当我儿子房间突然起火时，我正在厨房做饭。这是一个由when引导的时间状语从句，从句“a fire suddenly broke out in my son’s room”使用一般过去时，描述过去发生的一个短暂性动作。主句强调在这个短暂动作发生的那一刻，另一个动作正在进行，所以要用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were+现在分词”。句子主语是“I”，be动词用was，cook的现在分词是cooking，故填was cooking。 14. （24-25八年级上·辽宁营口·期末）All the students (prepare) for the coming exam when the teacher came in. 【答案】were preparing 【详解】句意：当老师进来时，所有的学生都在为即将到来的考试做准备。prepare意为“准备”，是个动词。根据“when the teacher came in”可知，老师进来时，学生们正在为考试做准备；句子时态为过去进行时，结构为：was/were doing；主语All the students是复数，be动词用were，prepare的现在分词为preparing。故填were preparing。 15. （23-24八年级上·黑龙江双鸭山·期末）My father (run) in the playground at this time yesterday. 【答案】was running 【详解】句意：昨天这个时候，我爸爸正在操场上跑步。根据时间状语“at this time yesterday”可知，句子应用过去进行时，主语My father是单数，be动词应用was。故填was running。 三、选词填空 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·江苏苏州·期末）请认真阅读下面的短文，从方框中选择适当的单词或者短语，填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅使用一次。 jump out of, follow, close, low, high What are you going to do if you are in a burning house? Do you know how to save yourself? Please read the 1 passage. Knowing what to do during a fire can save your life. It’s important to know the right ways to run away, such as exits and stairways, but not lifts. On the 2 floors of buildings, running away from the windows is proper. Leaving from windows may get the least chance of being hurt. When you are on the ground floor, it’s usually not high from the ground. It’s about the 3 of an adult. It’s safer 4 the house than to stay in it. It’s important to protect yourself when you’re waiting for help. Be sure to keep the door 5 . If you don’t do that, smoke may come into the room. It’s bad for you. 【答案】1. following 2. lowest 3. height 4. to jump out of 5. closed 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在火灾中如何自救。 1. 句意：请阅读下面的短文。根据“read the...passage.”可知此空应填形容词，作定语，修饰名词passage；结合备选词汇，follow变为形容词following，意为“接下来的”，符合语境，故填following。 2. 句意：在建筑物的最底层，从窗户逃生是正确的做法。根据下文“Leaving from windows may get the least chance of being hurt.”可知在最低层，从窗户逃离受伤的概率最低。low，形容词，意为“低的”。根据空前定冠词the，此空应为low的最高级lowest，意为“最低的”，作定语，修饰后面的名词floors，符合语境，故填lowest。 3. 句意：大约是一个成年人的高度。根据前文“When you are on the ground floor, it’s usually not high from the ground.”可知此处表达当你在一楼时，通常离地面不高，是一个成年人的高度。结合备选词汇，high变为名词height，意为“高度”，符合语境，故填height。 4. 句意：跳出房子比待在房子里更安全。根据“It’s safer...the house than to stay in it.”可知此处表达跳出房子比待在房子里更安全，为“it’s adj to do句型”，意为“做某事是怎样的”，故填to jump out of。 5. 句意：一定要把门关着。根据下文“If you don’t do that, smoke may come into the room. It’s bad for you.”可知此处要把门关着，否则烟会进入房间。keep sth adj意为“使……处于某种状态”，closed，形容词，意为“关着的”，符合语境。故填closed。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期末）从方框中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文内容完整正确 be careful with   tips   directions   nervous   should Sandy: Hey, Daniel. I heard you are an excellent climber. I’m planning to go climbing, but I am a bit worried about the safety of climbing hills. Do you have any 1 ? Daniel: Sure! It’s exciting to enjoy the sights from all 2 on the top of the mountain. Here is my advice. First, you 3 wear climbing shoes. Sandy: All right. Anything else? Daniel: You should 4 the falling rocks. They are dangerous. Sandy:OK, I will. What should I take with me? Daniel: You should take some water, food and your phone. If you lose your way, don’t be 5 . Calm down, and scream for help. Sandy:OK. Thanks, Daniel. 【答案】1. tips 2. directions 3. should 4. be careful with 5. nervous 【导语】本文是一篇对话，主要围绕爬山安全及准备事项展开。 1. 句意：你有什么建议吗？根据“Sandy: Hey, Daniel. I heard you are an excellent climber. I’m planning to go climbing, but I am a bit worried about the safety of climbing hills. Do you have any...”可知，Sandy因担心爬山安全向Daniel寻求建议，tips“建议，提示”符合语境。故填tips。 2. 句意：从山顶各个方向欣赏风景是令人兴奋的。根据“It’s exciting to enjoy the sights from all...on the top of the mountain”可知，描述在山顶欣赏风景的情况是从不同方向，directions“方向”符合语境，all后接复数形式。故填directions。 3. 句意：首先，你应该穿登山鞋。根据“First, you...wear climbing shoes”可知，Daniel给出的第一条建议是关于穿着，这里表示应该做某事，should“应该”符合语境，用于提出建议。故填should。 4. 句意：你应该小心落石。它们很危险。根据“You should...the falling rocks”可知，be careful with“小心，注意”符合语境，这里表示对落石要保持警惕，情态动词should后接动词原形。故填be careful with。 5. 句意：如果你迷路了，不要紧张。根据“If you lose your way, don’t be...”可知，迷路时应保持冷静，不要紧张，nervous“紧张的”符合语境，故填nervous。 Passage 3 （22-23八年级上·江苏南通·期中）请阅读下面短文，从短文后的七个短语中选择五个正确答案，分别将序号填入空白处，使短文逻辑意思通顺。 A．keep us away from  B．At most  C． seems to be  D．by ourselves   E. In this way  F. For example  G. Instead of We go to school every day and enjoy our school life. School life is full of fun, and the school 1 the safest place in the world. But do you know that our school life could be dangerous if we are not careful enough? How do we make the school safer and 2 danger? Here are some tips for us to be safe in an easy way. 3 , we must remember some important rules in the playground. Before we do sports, we need to do some warm-up activities (热身运动), and after that we should drink some water. And in the classroom, we need to learm how to behave well. Don’t run in the hallways. We mustn’t fight with or run after each other. And teachers need to keep an eye on the students after class and stop them from running. What’s more, we can have some practice to learn to protect ourselves from a fire. 4 , we can know where to go if there is a fire in our school. We should learn to use the fire extinguisher (灭火器), too. I don’t think we should put out a fire 5 , because it is too dangerous for young students. Well, I think all of us should think more of our safety in school. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. F 4. E 5. D 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何让我们在学校远离危险的一些安全提示。 1. 句意：学校生活充满乐趣，学校似乎是世界上最安全的地方。分析句子结构可知，此句是and连接的并列句，the school是主语，且为第三人称单数，此处缺少谓语动词，再根据“主谓一致”原则可知，应填seems to be。故选C。 2. 句意：我们如何让学校更安全，让我们远离危险？分析句子结构可知，and在此连接两个并列谓语，应填动词短语keep us away from。故选A。 3. 句意：例如，我们必须记住操场上的一些重要规则。根据“Here are some tips for us to be safe in an easy way.”可知，“we must remember some important rules in the playground.”应是在列举其中一个提示，所以应填介词短语For example。故选F。 4. 句意：用这个方法，如果我们学校发生火灾，我们就能知道从哪里逃生。根据上文“火灾逃生演练”可知，此处指“用这个方法”我们就能在学校发生火灾时知道从哪里逃生，应填In this way。故选E。 5. 句意：我认为我们不应该自己灭火，因为这对年轻学生来说太危险了。根据“because it is too dangerous for young students”可推测，此处指学生“自己”灭火，应填介词短语by ourselves。故选D。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·江苏常州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This is a story about what a father did in an earthquake. An 8.2 earthquake 1 (hit) the city in 1989. In less than four minutes, it killed 2 (thousand) of people. Right away, a father rushed to his son’s school, 3 he sadly found the building had come down. The man almost broke down. He remembered what he always said to his son, “No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you!” And tears began to fill his eyes. He rushed to the back right corner of the building and started digging (挖) through the stones. As he 4 (work) in piles of stones, other helpless parents arrived. They said, “It’s too late! They’re all dead! Go home! It’s 5 (possible) for you to save him!” To each parent, he answered, “Are you going to help me or not?” No one joined him. The firemen and police also came and told him 6 (stop), “There are big fires. You’re in great 7 (dangerous). We’ll take care of it. Go home.” To them, he said again, “Are you going to help me now?” No one knew what to say. His fingers were hurt badly, but he dug even 8 (quick). For a long time, he kept digging for his son, stone by stone. Then, in the 38th hour, he pulled back a large stone and heard his son 9 (shout) for help. The man called his son’s name excitedly, “Peter!” Soon he heard back, “Dad? It’s me, Dad! I knew you would save me! You said that no matter what happened, you would always be there for me! You did it, Dad!” Everyone was surprised and moved. They said to 10 (they), “Nothing is too hard for a loving father.” Sometimes, love can help us complete the most difficult work. 【答案】 1. hit 2. thousands 3. but 4. was working 5. impossible 6. to stop 7. danger 8. more quickly 9. shouting 10. themselves 【导语】本文讲述了在一次地震中一位伟大的父亲凭借坚定的信念和勇气救出了儿子的故事，展示了父爱的伟大。 1. 句意：1989年，这座城市发生了8.2级地震。根据“in 1989”可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填hit。 2. 句意：在不到四分钟的时间里，它杀死了数千人。此处表示概数，数词用复数形式+of，故填thousands。 3. 句意：一位父亲马上赶到儿子的学校，但他悲伤地发现大楼倒塌了。空格前后是转折关系，应填but，故填but。 4. 句意：当他在成堆的石头中工作时，其他无助的父母来了。根据“As he… in piles of stones, other helpless parents arrived”可知，在他开始挖的时候，其他父母来了，此处表示在过去某个时段正在发生的事情，用过去进行时was/were doing的结构，根据he可知，助动词用was，故填was working。 5. 句意：你救不了他了。is后接形容词作表语，根据“It’s too late! They’re all dead”可知，太迟了，孩子们都死了，所以不可能救得了他，impossible“不可能的”，故填impossible。 6. 句意：消防队员和警察也来了，叫他停下来。tell sb to do sth“告诉某人去做某事”，动词不定式作宾补，故填to stop。 7. 句意：你现在很危险。in danger“处于危险之中”，名词作宾语，故填danger。 8. 句意：他的手指伤得很重，但他挖得更快了。此空修饰动词dug，应填副词quickly，even修饰副词，故填more quickly。 9. 句意：然后，在第38个小时，他拉开了一块大石头，听到儿子大声呼救。根据“heard his son… for help”可知，此处指听到儿子正在呼救，hear sb doing sth“听到某人正在做某事”，故填shouting。 10. 句意：他们自言自语“对一个慈爱的父亲来说，没有什么是办不到的。”say to oneself“自言自语”，此空应填反身代词，故填themselves。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·江苏南京·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Over the years, movies and books have used tornadoes a lot in their stories. 1 tornado can be very dangerous. It usually has wind speeds (速度) over 300 miles per hour, and 2 (travel) over 50 miles before ending. Most tornadoes last for less than 10 minutes, but larger ones usually last around 30 minutes. 3 (sad), tornadoes kill about 60 people every year in America. Scientists can’t go inside tornadoes. That means tornadoes are very hard to study. As a result, it is still 4 (certain) how tornadoes form (形成) and die. 5 (tell) how strong a tornado is, scientists look at how much damage (损坏) it causes and show the levels on the EF-Scale (分级) 6 EFO to EF5. For example, if a tornado only damages trees, it will be at the level of EFO, while a tornado at 7 (strong) level of EF5 blows away buildings with wind speeds over 300 miles per hour. 8 tornadoes can happen very quickly, make sure you know what to do when facing them. When you find 9 (you) meeting a tornado, calm down and try to find a safe place inside. Put your hands over the back of your head for 10 (protect). Also, stay away from windows and heavy things, or they may fall on you. 【答案】 1. A 2. travels 3. Sadly 4. uncertain 5. To tell 6. from 7. the strongest 8. Since 9. yourself 10. protection 【导语】本文主要介绍了龙卷风的相关信息以及如何保护自己。 1. 句意：龙卷风可能非常危险。根据“tornado”可知，用不定冠词修饰单数可数名词，表示泛指，句首首字母大写，故填A 。 2. 句意：风速通常超过每小时 300 英里，并在结束前行驶超过 50 英里。根据“It usually has wind speeds (速度) over 300 miles per hour”可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语为“it”，需要使用动词的第三人称单数形式“travels”。故填travels。 3. 句意：可悲的是，龙卷风每年在美国造成约 60 人死亡。根据“tornadoes kill about 60 people every year in America.”可知，副词修饰整个句子，句首首字母大写，故填Sadly。 4. 句意：因此，龙卷风如何形成和消亡仍不确定。根据“how tornadoes form (形成) and die.”可知，尚不确定如何形成，故填uncertain。 5. 句意：为了判断龙卷风的强度，科学家们会观察它造成的损害程度，并在 EF 等级上显示从 EFO 到 EF5 的级别。根据“how strong a tornado is”可知，此处不定式动词作目的状语，句首首字母大写，故填To tell。 6. 句意：为了判断龙卷风的强度，科学家们会观察它造成的损害程度，并在 EF 等级上显示从 EFO 到 EF5 的级别。根据“EFO to EF5”可知，EF-Scale从EFO到EF5的范围，from...to...“从……到……”，故填from。 7. 句意：例如，如果龙卷风仅损坏树木，则其级别为 EFO，而最强 EF5 级别的龙卷风会以超过 300 英里/小时的风速吹走建筑物。根据“EF5”可知，达到最高级，此处用最高级，the strongest符合句意，故填the strongest。 8. 句意：由于龙卷风发生得非常快，因此请确保您知道面对龙卷风时该怎么做。根据“tornadoes can happen very quickly,”可知，前因后果的关系，since符合句意，句首首字母大写，故填Since。 9. 句意：当您发现自己遇到龙卷风时，请冷静下来并尝试在内部找到一个安全的地方。根据“When you find”可知，发现自己遇到龙卷风，反身代词“yourself”与先行主语“you”一致。故填yourself。 10. 句意：将双手放在脑后进行保护。根据“for”可知，名词作宾语，故填protection。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·四川绵阳·期末）语法填空：阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Bill, one of my classmates, bought some 1 from a supermarket last weekend. He bought some beef, pork, chicken, fruits and vegetables. Because it was his 2 (sixteen) birthday, he wanted to have a big birthday party at home. He invited most of his 3 (classmate) to share the food together. But after they had the food, all of 4 (they) didn’t feel well. They got poisoned (中毒) and had stomachaches. Then they were sent to the 5 nearby at once.The doctor there looked them over 6 (careful), then said the food they ate were poisonous. The doctor gave them some injections (打针) and some 7 (medicine) for them to take at home. They were out of danger at last. But it was very dangerous. If they weren’t sent to the hospital 8 time, they would have the danger of dying. From this accident we realize the importance of food safety. I hope all of us can pay more attention to it. If everyone can 9 something to stop it, there will be 10 (little) food safety problems in our society. And I think the government should do something to stop the problem, too. 【答案】 1. food 2. sixteenth 3. classmates 4. them 5. hospital 6. carefully 7. medicine 8. in 9. do 10. fewer 【导语】本文主要讲述了Bill过生日邀请同学来家里吃饭，他们因食用超市买来的有毒食物而中毒的事件，强调了食品安全的重要性。 1. 句意：Bill是我的同学之一，他上周末从超市买了一些食物。根据“He bought some beef, pork, chicken, fruits and vegetables.”可知，此处指买了一些食物，food“食物”，不可数名词。故填food。 2. 句意：因为那天是他的十六岁生日，他想在家里举办一个大型生日派对。此处指第十六个生日，表示顺序，应用sixteen的序数词形式sixteenth。故填sixteenth。 3. 句意：他邀请了他的大多数同学一起分享食物。most修饰可数名词复数，classmate的复数形式为classmates，故填classmates。 4. 句意：但是他们吃完食物后，所有人都感觉不舒服。of为介词，后跟人称代词宾格，they的宾格形式为them。故填them。 5. 句意：然后他们立刻被送往附近的医院。根据“They got poisoned (中毒) and had stomachaches.”结合常识可知，中毒应该送去医院，hospital“医院”，此处应用单数形式。故填hospital。 6. 句意：那里的医生仔细检查了他们，然后说他们吃的食物有毒。“looked over”为动词短语，应用副词修饰，careful的副词形式为carefully。故填carefully。 7. 句意：医生给他们打了一些针，并给了他们一些药让他们在家服用。some修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数，medicine在此处表示不可数含义。故填medicine。 8. 句意：如果他们没有及时被送往医院，他们会有生命危险。in time“及时”，介词短语。故填in。 9. 句意：如果每个人都能做些什么来阻止它，我们社会中的食品安全问题将会更少。根据“If everyone can…something to stop it”可知，此处指做些什么，do“做”，can为情态动词，后跟动词原形。故填do。 10. 句意：如果每个人都能做些什么来阻止它，我们社会中的食品安全问题将会更少。根据“there will be…food safety problems in our society.”及所给单词可知，此处表示食品安全问题会更少，表示比较级含义，且“food safety problems”为复数形式，应用fewer。故填fewer。 Passage 4 （24-25八年级上·辽宁营口·期末）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 The last Monday in March is an important day in China. It is a day for school safety education. This year, the day falls 1 March 25th. It helps students learn more about safety in order to make sure they are safe. The main 2 (accident) at school are stampedes (踩踏), earthquakes and fires. A stampede always happens in 3 (crowd) places. When students begin to push, stand there and try 4 (hold) onto something. If you fall down with many people around, put your hands around your head 5 move to one side. Remember to bend (弯) your body and legs. Earthquakes happen all over the world. Get under a desk 6 (quick) when you feel everything is moving. If you are outdoors, find a place away from buildings, trees, as well as power lines. When there is a fire, 7 (leave) the classroom as fast as possible. It’s better to put something wet over your mouth and nose. This way, you won’t breathe (呼吸) in smoke. Many people die in a fire, not because of 8 fire, but smoke. It makes them cough (咳嗽). It stops people 9 (get) in fresh air. That’s very dangerous! The best way to get out is to make 10 (you) lower to the floor. 【答案】 1. on 2. accidents 3. crowded 4. to hold 5. and 6. quickly 7. leave 8. the 9. getting 10. yourself 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国三月最后一个星期一是学校安全教育日，详细说明了学校常见的安全事故，如踩踏、地震、火灾等发生时学生应采取的应对措施，旨在帮助学生增强安全意识，保障自身安全。 1. 句意：今年，这一天是3月25日。根据“the day falls...March 25th”可知，在具体日期前用介词on，这里表示学校安全教育日在3月25日这一天，所以用on。故填on。 2. 句意：学校里的主要事故是踩踏、地震和火灾。根据“The main... (accident) at school are...”可知，这里需要用名词复数形式表示多种事故，accident的复数是accidents。故填accidents。 3. 句意：踩踏总是发生在拥挤的地方。根据“in... (crowd) places”可知，这里需要一个形容词修饰places，crowd 的形容词形式是crowded“拥挤的”。故填crowded。 4. 句意：当学生们开始推搡时，站在那里并试着抓住某物。根据“try... (hold) onto something”可知，try to do sth.“试着做某事”是固定用法，所以用to hold。故填to hold。 5. 句意：如果你和很多人一起摔倒了，用手护住头并移到一边。根据“put your hands around your head...move to one side”可知，说明摔倒后的连续动作是护头和移动到一边，这里表示并列关系，用and连接两个动作。故填and。 6. 句意：当你感觉一切都在晃动时，迅速躲到桌子下面。根据“Get under a desk... (quick)”可知，这里需要一个副词修饰动词get，quick的副词形式是quickly“迅速地”。故填quickly。 7. 句意：发生火灾时，尽快离开教室。根据“... (leave) the classroom as fast as possible”可知，这里是祈使句，用动词原形开头，所以用leave。故填leave。 8. 句意：许多人在火灾中丧生，不是因为火，而是因为烟。根据“not because of...fire”可知，这里表示特指火灾，用定冠词the。故填the。 9. 句意：它阻止人们呼吸新鲜空气。根据“stops people... (get) in fresh air”可知，stop sb doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”，所以用getting。故填getting。 10. 句意：最好的逃生方法是让自己贴近地面。根据“make... (you) lower to the floor”可知，原文中说明火灾逃生的具体做法是让自己处于较低位置贴近地面，这里需要用反身代词表示“自己”，you的反身代词是yourself。故填yourself。 6 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$