Unit 2 Exploring English（单元测试·基础卷）英语外研版2019必修第一册

2024-2025学年高一必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit2·基础卷（参考答案） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 1-20 CBAAC CCAAC CCBBC BBBAA 第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．B 25．D 26．D 27．A 28．A 29．D 30．D 31．A 32．A 33．B 34．B 35．C 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 36．D 37．F 38．A 39．G 40．E 第三部分 语言知识运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第1节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 41．C 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．D 46．B 47．C 48．A 49．A 50．D 51．B 52．B 53．D 54．A 55．C 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 56．different 57．talking 58．as 59．takes 60．changed 61．the 62．were asked 63．activities 64．to use 65．correctly 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Hua. It’s my honor to share some practical ways of learning English. Firstly, read English articles every day, and you can improve your reading skills and increase your vocabulary. Secondly, it is a nice way to listen to English songs or watch English movies, which makes your learning more interesting and effective. Lastly, I recommend you join an English club or find a language partner. The more you practice, the more confident you’ll be. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. After all, mistakes are stepping stones. Most importantly, remember that progress takes time, so take it easy. Sticking to these methods, we can make it. Thanks for your attention, and I sincerely hope my advice helps! 第二节 （满分25分） After what felt like ages, I took a deep breath and approached them. My voice was barely above a whisper as I asked, “Can I help?” The foreign customer turned to me, hope lighting up his face. He quickly handed me the paper, explaining that he was trying to find a specific book but couldn’t make the shopkeeper understand the title. I glanced at the messy handwriting, recognizing a few English words amidst the Chinese characters. With a shaky hand, I pointed to the bookshelves and led him to the right section, my heart pounding in my chest. When the shopkeeper finally found the right volume, the customer thanked me sincerely. His gratitude washed over me like a warm wave, melting away my anxiety. As he left the store, he patted my shoulder and said, “Your English is great! Don’t be afraid to speak it.” His words echoed in my mind long after he’d gone. That day, I realized that my fear of making mistakes was holding me back from connecting with others. Stepping out of my comfort zone had not only helped someone in need but also given me a newfound confidence in my ability to communicate. From then on, I started raising my hand more often in class, embracing every chance to speak English without fear. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读第一小题的有关内容。Honey, have we done everything on the list? Let's see. Bank post office, airline office shoes. We haven't booked our hotel ream yet, but i'll do that on the telephone tonight. When does the film begin for thirty? There are only ten minutes left. I really enjoy pop music and light music. How about you? I also like pop music, but classical music is even more enjoyable to me. Have you seen the sea? Of course I have. It's all around us. no. I mean, have you seen how dirty the water is? IT looks as if IT isn't clean enough to swim here. What can I do for you, sir? Have you got the Harry potter series? I want to a copy for my daughter. Sorry, we haven't got that at the moment, but we could order IT for you. Do you know the name of the publisher? 第一节到此结束，第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第六和第7两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。Hello, Shelly, shall we go to a concert at eight o'clock this thursday evening? Let me see. Oh, I am sorry, I will be having dinner with a friend. Then how about saturday or sunday? Sorry, I football . pro ce time. Then the . following tuesday. Is that okay with you? fine. So shall we meet at seven outside the can theatre? All right. see you there then. Hello, Shelly. Shall we go to a concert at eight o'clock this thursday evening? Let me see. Oh, I am sorry, I will be having dinner with a friend. Then how about saturday or sunday? Sorry, I have football practice. What a pity when you have time. Then the following tuesday, is that okay with you? fine. So shall we meet at seven outside the can theater? All right. See there then. 听下面一段对话，回答第八和第9两个小题。现在你有10秒钟的时间阅读这两个小题。Hi, Lucy. What are you doing in the library? Hi, jim. I am in a hurry to do a presentation, but the classroom is on the other side of the school. I have only ten minutes left. I have to go now. IT is raining outside. Did you bring an umbrella with you? God, I left IT at home before I went to school this morning. What should I do right now? Don't worry, Lucy, I have an umbrella in my gym locker. I can lend my umbrella. You would you stay here and wait for me? That's very nice of you, jim. But the gym is too far away from here. I can't wait any longer, or else I will be late. Don't bother. I'll go at once. Hi, Lucy. What are you doing in the library? Hi, jim. I am in a hurry to do a presentation, but the classroom is on the other side of the school. I have only ten minutes left. I have to go now. IT is raining outside. Did you bring an umbrella with you? God, I left IT at home before I went to school this morning. What should I do right now? Don't worry, Lucy, I have an umbrella in my gym locker. I can lend my umbrella to you. Would you stay here and wait for me? That's very nice of you, jim. But the gym is too far away from here. I can't wait any longer, or else I will be late. Don't bother. I'll go at once. 听下面一段对话，回答第十至第十二三个小题。现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读这三个小题。Hi, Jenny. Is IT true. You are moving . to london. Yes. IT is what made you decide to do that work mainly. i'm sure i'll be able to find a job there. But where are you going to live? I hope I will find a flat to share with somebody that'll be cheaper. Yes, that's a good idea. Are you taking your dog with you? No, I don't think so. My parents have offered to take care of him, and I don't think he'd get used to the city life. You're probably right. But aren't you afraid of moving to such a big place, especially after living in a small village? Not really. I think i'll enjoy myself. There's so much to do there. I expect I won't miss the countryside much, and I can always come back . and visit IT. Hi, Jenny. Is IT true? You are moving to london? Yes. IT is what made you decide to do that work mainly. i'm sure i'll be able to find a job there. But where . are you going to live? I hope I will find a flat to share with somebody that'll be cheaper. Yes, that's a good idea. Are you taking your dog with you? No, I don't think so. My parents have offered to take care of him, and I don't think he'd get used to the city life. You're probably right. But aren't you afraid of moving to such a big place, especially after living in a small village? Not really. I think i'll enjoy myself. There's so much to do there. I expect I won't miss the countryside much, and I can always come back and visit IT. 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16 4个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。Hello, ms. Wang. hello. glad to meet you. Tell me something about yourself, please. I am a student of beijing university. I have majored in public administration. I like traveling very much and enjoy sports. I am in the tennis club at my university. Application form says you were out of school for half a year during high school. What was the reason? Were you ill? Oh no. My father's job took him to amErica for six months then, and he decided to take the whole family along. So during that time, you went to high school in the united states? Yes, IT was just for a few months. I attended Johnson high school in chicago. Tell me why you are interested in working for this company, will you? I think working in this company would give me the best opportunity to use what i've learned at college. I think this company has a great future. So for a long time i've been thinking i'd like to work for this company. Have you ever worked during your university days? Yes, I worked as a tutor to teach english to a middle school student. There is a good chance for you to come to work for this company. Thank you for coming. Will let you know the result as soon as possible. Hello, ms. Wang. hello. glad to meet you. Tell me something about yourself, please. I am a student of beijing university. I have majored in public administration. I like traveling very much and enjoy sports. I am in the tennis club at my university. Your application form says you were out of school for half a year during high school. What was the reason? Were you ill? Oh no. My father's job took him to amErica for six months then, and he decided to take the whole family along. So during that time, you went to high school in the united states? Yes, IT was just for a few months. I attended Johnson high school in chicago. Tell me why you are interested in working for this company, will you? I think working in this company would give me the best opportunity to use what i've learned at college. I think this company has a great future. So for a long time i've been thinking i'd like to work for this company. Have you ever worked during your university days? Yes, I worked as a tutor to teach english to a middle school student. There is a good chance for you to come to work for this company. Thank you for coming. Will let you know the result as soon as possible. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至第24个小题。现在你有20秒钟的时间阅读这四个小题。The national park we will visit is located in the desert just north of our city. Like any hike of this nature, you should be prepared for the adventure in the desert. First, hike with a partner for safety. I enjoy hiking with family members and close friends. Second, Carry a cell phone with you. However, keep in mind that you might not get any signal in some places, so don't depend on IT. Third, be sure to have the right clothing and shoes or boots for the hike. Light bread able clothing is the best during the summer, along with a hat and strong hiking shoes. Fourth, Carry plenty of water. Having a few snacks can give you energy too. Fifth, take a small first aid box with you, particularly on longer hikes in case you get injured. Six, pack a detailed map of the area you are hiking, along with a compass or a GPS to locate your position, and finally take nothing home with you except pictures and memories. You can protect these areas by leaving all rocks, flowers and other objects for future visitors. The national park we will visit is located in the desert just north of our city. Like any hike of this nature, you should be prepared for the adventure in the desert. First, hike with a partner for safety. I enjoy hiking with family members and close friends. Second, Carry a cell phone with you. However, keep in mind that you might not get any signal in some places, so don't depend on IT. Third, be sure to have the right clothing and shoes or boots for the hike. Light bread able clothing is the best during the summer, along with a hat and strong hiking shoes. Fourth, Carry plenty of water. Having a few snacks can give you energy to. Fifth, take a small first aid box with you, particularly on longer hikes in case you get injured. Six, pack a detailed map of the area you are hiking, along with a compass or a GPS to locate your position, and finally take nothing home with you except pictures and memories. You can protect these areas by leaving all rocks, flowers and other objects for future visitors. 2024-2025学年高一必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit2·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the man do tonight? A. Buy some shoes. B. Go to the bank. C. Book a hotel room. 2. What time is it now? A. 4:10. B. 4:20. C. 4:30. 3. What kind of music does the woman like best? A. Classical music. B. Light music. C. Pop music. 4. What does the woman mean? A. The water there is not clean. B. The water is getting clearer. C. They can swim in the water there. 5. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a reading room. B. In a publishing house. C. In a bookstore. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What will the woman do this weekend? A. Go to a concert with the man. B. Have dinner with her friend. C. Practise playing football. 7. When will the speakers meet outside the Kent Theater? A. At eight this Thursday. B. At six this Saturday. C. At seven next Tuesday. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What does the man offer to do? A. Lend his umbrella to the woman. B. Get the woman’s umbrella for her. C. Do the presentation for the woman. 9. What is the woman probably going to do right away? A. Go for the presentation. B. Wait for the man. C. Study in the library. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. Why is the woman moving to London? A. To live together with her parents. B. To get further education. C. To work in a new place. 11. Why does the woman decide to leave her dog behind? A. She doesn't like him any more. B. Her parents don't allow her to take him. C. Her dog may not be used to the new environment. 12. Where does the woman live now? A. In a big city. B. In a town. C. In a small village. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. What is the woman doing? A. Asking for some advice. B. Having a job interview. C. Getting more information. 14. What is the woman's major? A. Literature. B. Public administration. C. Education. 15. Why was the woman out of school for six months during high school? A. She was badly ill. B. She received tennis training. C. Her father took her to America. 16. What was the woman's part-time job at college? A. Designing things. B. Teaching English. C. Working as a tour guide. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. Where is the National Park? A. In the east of the city. B. In the north of the city. C. In the south of the city. 18. Why should the listeners hike with a partner? A. To cut expenses. B. To ensure their safety. C. To make the trip more enjoyable. 19. What is the speaker’s third suggestion about? A. What to wear. B. How to contact others. C. What to eat and drink. 20. What does the speaker mention at last? A. Preventing the areas from being harmed. B. Bringing something home as a souvenir. C. Planting some flowers if possible. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed. Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is effective. Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each. Requirements for completion: •One welcoming session on the second Friday of the term •18 weekly one-hour pair meetings •Weekly progress reports for all pair meetings •At least three pair-teacher meetings •One five-minute final video Sign up! The sign-up and registration process is as follows: •Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning. •Based on the information entered by each student, potential pairs are identified. •Proficiency (熟练) levels are confirmed through coursework or placement tests. •Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme. Reminders: Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate. Pairs are matched by languages of interest and proficiency levels. Since there are many factors involved in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme. 21．In the programme, students will _________. A．chair daily meetings B．evaluate the exchange C．meet teachers each week D．practise their language skills 22．To complete the programme, students are required to _________. A．development tests B．participate in pair meetings C．welcome new students D．work on weekly videos 23．What do students need to do during the registration? A．Indicate their languages of interest. B．Select their own coursework. C．Make individual contact. D．Choose their partners. B As a fully bilingual Latina raising multicultural skids, I have always imagined myself passing down the Spanish language to them. I’ve had to think of more creative ways to get them excited about learning the language. Earlier this year we decided to take a Spanish immersion trip to Punta Cana in the Dominican Republic. We stayed at the Lopesan Costa Bavaro, a 5-star, all-inclusive hotel to make travel. and family activities a lot easier. To me, language is about more than just the words themselves; I want to teach them to value the world and: its many cultures. So the goal of the trip was to primarily speak to my kids in Spanish and offer them an enriching travel experience. I blocked out two-to-three-hour windows to speak to them only in Spanish. each: day and found that they became curious about the language and kept asking me how to translate words, even when we weren’t in practice mode. One of their favorite spots in the hotel was the ice cream shop. The kids learned what to call the sweet treat in Spanish (helado) and asked how to say the different ice cream flavors in Spanish too. The most important part of the immersion trip was to have fun and to set realistic expectations about their language development journey. My kids weren’t going to leave the trip being fully bilingual, but the goal was to spark their interest and create a positive learning experience. For me, it was also a reminder to let go of the bilingual parenting pressure I constantly put on myself. So much of passing down a language requires planning and consistency, which can be hard to keep up with at times — and that’s OK. Once we got home, my son asked us to download the app Duolingo on our devices so he could continue practicing his Spanish. And I still make it a point to occasionally shift to Spanish and teach them new words: little by little, poco a poco. 24．What was the main purpose of the author’s trip to Punta Cana? A．To enjoy an expensive hotel. B．To teach her kids Spanish through immersion. C．To explore the culture of the Dominican Republic. D．To visit family members living there. 25．How did the author teach her children Spanish during the trip? A．By playing games with them. B．By having them speak Spanish for two to three hours daily. C．By enrolling them in a language school. D．By speaking only Spanish for two to three hours daily. 26．What lesson did the author learn regarding bilingual parenting? A．It is vital to set strict language rules. B．Language learning is not important for cultural identity. C．Children should only learn one language at a time. D．It requires patience, planning, and consistency. 27．What does the author imply about her children’s language development? A．They generate a strong passion for Spanish. B．They became fluent in Spanish by the end of the trip. C．They have formed a habit of learning Spanish after the trip. D．They found Spanish too easy to learn. C Understanding a simple-looking sentence like “I read this article yesterday” actually requires complex processing of subject, action, object, and time. Yet the human brain does this almost instantaneously based on grammatical rules, says linguist Martin of the Max Planck Institute. His team found that the brain adapts to basic grammatical differences across languages by adjusting how it processes each sentence. Their recent study observed variations in Dutch- speaking participants’ brain waves while they listened to a Dutch-language audiobook by means of measuring how many new “predictions” the brain makes of words that could come next in a sentence. Interestingly, they found that, unlike previous English- based studies, which supported a “wait and see” model where listeners understand phrases only after they end, Dutch participants showed a strong tendency toward a highly predictive model- mentally completing phrases before they were finished. In Dutch language structure, verbs sometimes come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English, explains study lead author Cas W. Coopmans, which suggests this seemingly unrealistically delay probably encourages more predictive sentence processing. However, he emphasizes that neither parsing (语法分析) strategy is necessarily better or worse. Instead, people adapt their processing style to fit the structure of the language they’re using, showing the brain’s flexibility across languages. The findings highlight the need for more diverse subjects in linguistic research, says linguist Jixing Li, who focuses on how brain activity differs when processing languages like English and Chinese due to structural differences. Studying only neurotypical English speakers can miss key variations and limit model accuracy. Diversifying subjects in studies of how the brain processes language “is going to help us capture how the brain is understanding the structured meaning of language, and the social utility of language, in many different ways,” Martin says. “There’s so much yet to be understood in the brain.” 28．What does the underlined word “instantaneously” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．immediately. B．constantly C．regularly D．currently 29．According to the study, what can be inferred about Dutch-speaking participants? A．Their brains work more actively than English speakers. B．Their brain activity is less predictable than that of English speakers. C．They struggle to understand complicated sentences as verbs appear late. D．They prefer to guess upcoming words while listening to spoken language. 30．What message does Coopmans’ words convey? A．Delayed words confuse Dutch speakers. B．Dutch verbs come closely after the subject. C．People process different languages with the same procedure. D．Parsing strategy is not that important in understanding a language. 31．What can be learnt from the last two paragraphs? A．Diversifying subjects is necessary in linguistic research. B．Diversifying subjects helps understand the social utility. C．How the brain processes language has been fully settled. D．Studying neurotypical English speakers can miss variation. D Knowledge of your native language feels different to other sorts of knowledge. It feels like it should be solid and stable and that it shouldn’t deteriorate when not used. Like your favorite childhood teddy bear, it might collect dust, but it shouldn’t be lost. It’s discomforting and unusual to feel a loss of control over this knowledge, which we believe to be so deeply fixed within our brains. To many peoples, the thought of losing one’s mother tongue may seem strange. That same feeling can be felt whenever a word skips the mind and eludes the tongue. So is it really possible to forget your mother tongue? When we learn a foreign language, we do it through our mother tongue (often termed the L1). The L1 is the linguistic (语言) system that we acquire during babyhood, and it enables us to learn a foreign language (L2). We translate L2 words and often put them into L1 grammatical structures. Little by little, the new language takes root in our minds. We start to become accustomed to the new sounds, and we begin to use the language in a more direct and automatic way, without necessarily having to reference the original language. Different linguistic systems can be active at the same time in the brain. Language attrition (磨蚀) can occur due to these languages impacting upon one another. Depending on the frequency with which the linguistic systems are activated, one can become dominant while the other sinks into the depths of our memory in such a way that it becomes difficult for our brain to recall it. This is called L1 attrition. L1 attrition is governed by two main factors: the increasing use and dominance of the L2, and the reduction of exposure to the L1. This attrition tends to make itself evident in the reduction of the speaker’s vocabulary, while knowledge of structure and sound remains more stable. A speaker’s attitude and motivation toward his or her new and native languages can also have an effect on language attrition. 32．What does the underlined word “eludes” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Escapes from. B．Sticks to. C．Mixes up with. D．Makes use of. 33．What happens when we begin to learn L2, according to the text? A．We make progress in L1, too. B．We still use the grammatic structures of L1. C．We tend to translate L1 words into L2 words. D．We find the sounds of L2 hard to get accustomed to. 34．Language attrition happens because of ______. A．memory deterioration B．reduced use of the language C．translation between languages D．loss of control over our learning 35．What is a result of L1 attrition? A．Confusion of L1 and L2 structures. B．The speaker’s positive attitude to L2. C．Decrease of the speaker’s L1 vocabulary. D．The speaker’s difficulty in recalling his knowledge. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Learning a new language is more than a skill. It gives you an opportunity to understand other cultures. 36 . Choose a language This is a personal decision. 37 If you enjoy studying Japanese history and culture, you may want to add Japanese to the list. Perhaps you’re planning to vacation in Brazil and decide to learn Portuguese before the trip. Maybe you live in an area with many Spanish speakers and believe being bilingual (双语的) will increase your job opportunities. 38 This is important because you need to know which words to use to express yourself and understand what you hear and see. According to the International Center for Language Studies, knowing between 4,000 and 10,000 words in a language typically makes you an advanced speaker. Accept mistakes Mistakes are a common part of the process when learning a language. You may choose the wrong word, change vowel sounds, or use the present tense form of a verb when talking about something that happened last week. When you make a mistake, pay attention to the advice you get. 39 . Set aside time to practice 40 . According to the US Department of State’s Foreign Service Institute, a native English speaker typically needs between 600 and 750 class hours to learn languages like Dutch, French, Italian, and Spanish. You’ll spend around 900 class hours learning German, Haitian Creole, and Swahili. Sometimes you need to learn languages with fewer features in common with English. Then you’d better put in at least 1,100 class hours. A．Build your vocabulary B．Keep trying before setting a goal C．Focus on the 100 most commonly used words D．Try out these steps for how to learn a new language E．Learning a new language takes time and needs regular practice F．Your interests, needs, and goals can help you narrow your choices G．For example, the person you’re talking to may correct your grammar or vocabulary choice 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “It is never too late and you are never too 41 to start something new!” said Ellen Rema. She began to learn 42 at the age of fifty. In just a few years, she made a lot of progress. 43 no evening classes were offered in the area Ellen lived in, she 44 to study online. She took an English course on the Internet. Ellen began with easy courses and studied hard. “My son always said, ‘Mom, you are a bit   45 ’. He couldn’t understand why I spent so many hours 46 , but I love it” She said. “Maybe I wanted to do too much in a short time. I   47 all my courses after two years, but I found I still had difficulties with grammar.” Instead of 48 , she chose to continue. After another two years, she’s still studying in the online classroom. But now to make her English better, she has set new 49 for herself. “Studying online is 50 boring, but you need self-discipline,” said Ellen. “If you really want to learn, never give up when you face 51 and when you think you haven’t made any 52 . Ellen said studying English wasn’t all about hard work. “It was fun. I have learned so much about other cultures and 53 .’’ She said. Ellen had been able to put her English to 54 by visiting England five times. “I’m very thankful to the Internet. My life has been 55 .” 41．A．big B．small C．old D．young 42．A．painting B．English C．dancing D．computer 43．A．Although B．Before C．Because D．Until 44．A．chose B．volunteered C．advised D．refused 45．A．lazy B．careless C．nervous D．crazy 46．A．discussing B．studying C．traveling D．preparing 47．A．started B．forgot C．finished D．remembered 48．A．giving up B．putting up C．taking up D．cheering up 49．A．goals B．examples C．books D．bikes 50．A．even B．also C．ever D．never 51．A．enemies B．difficulties C．chances D．challenges 52．A．reasons B．progress C．business D．decisions 53．A．people B．families C．languages D．traditions 54．A．use B．learn C．speak D．talk 55．A．easy B．boring C．different D．difficult 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Learning a language is usually 56 (difference) from learning other subjects. It includes a lot of practice and follow-ups. When 57 (talk) about my personal experience, I would say that I have a rich experience in learning English 58 a second language. I learned English for ten years starting from Grade Seven to graduation from university. After graduation, I felt that I should improve my language skills. Therefore, I made a lot of efforts personally to increase my fluency. Until now I still learn the language. Indeed, learning a language 59 (take) a lifetime. I still remember my English teachers who 60 (change) frequently (频繁地) in 61 beginning, but all of them had much in common — They used grammar-translation method. They used to write bilingual (双语) lists of words on board, and then we, as students, 62 (ask) to copy these lists and memorize them by heart. All teaching focused on reading and writing skills, but there were no 63 (activity) focusing on speaking or listening. Now, I still don’t fully know how 64 (use) the English language like using idioms and the proper form of vocabulary. Idioms have many connotations (言外意义) in the English language. Sometimes I use an idiom and I mean something, but the connotation of the idiom means something else. Besides, I should also study harder to use certain vocabulary 65 (correct). To my mind, I have not reached that point. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假如你是李华，将和全班同学分享学习英语的方法，请你以此为主题写一篇英文演讲稿。内容包括： 1. 具体建议及理由； 2. 表达期待。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Hua. It’s my honor to share some practical ways of learning English. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料：根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As a shy student in high school, I’d always been afraid of speaking English in public. Countless times, I had practiced perfect English conversations in my mind, but when it came to the real thing, I would freeze and couldn’t say anything. What if I messed up the grammar? What if my native language accent sounded too strong? My hands would get sweaty, and my voice would tremble (颤抖) whenever my teacher called my name in class. I envied my classmates who could chat fluently with native speakers, but I felt trapped by my own self-doubt. One sunny afternoon, I was looking through books in a local bookstore. Golden sunlight streamed through the bookstore’s large windows, casting warm light over the rows of bookshelves. It was quiet with not many customers. The soft low sound of customers turning through pages and the slight smell of freshly printed paper filled the air. While searching for an illustrated book in front of the bookshelf, I heard a tense conversation at the checkout counter. A foreign customer stood there, holding a piece of paper covered in messy Chinese handwriting. He gestured wildly, trying to explain something to the shopkeeper, who stared back in total confusion, with a polite yet helpless smile on her face. The customer’s face turned red with annoyance, while the shopkeeper just shook her head, clearly lost. My heart raced as I realized they were speaking English. Every part of me wanted to run, but my feet felt glued to the floor. A storm of thoughts exploded in my mind: What if I’m just embarrassing myself? What if I can’t even understand them? I stood frozen, trapped in a mental fight between fear and the urge to help. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After what felt like ages, I took a deep breath and approached them _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When the shopkeeper finally found the right volume, the customer thanked me sincerely. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 4 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高一必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit2·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the man do tonight? A. Buy some shoes. B. Go to the bank. C. Book a hotel room. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Oh, darling, have we done everything on the list? M: Let’s see—bank, post office, airline office, shoes. We haven’t booked our hotel room yet, but I’ ll do that on the telephone tonight. 2. What time is it now? A. 4:10. B. 4:20. C. 4:30. 【答案】B 【原文】W: When does the film begin? M: Four thirty. There’re only ten minutes left. 3. What kind of music does the woman like best? A. Classical music. B. Light music. C. Pop music. 【答案】A 【原文】M: I really enjoy pop music and light music. How about you? W: I also like pop music. But classical music is even more enjoyable to me. 4. What does the woman mean? A. The water there is not clean. B. The water is getting clearer. C. They can swim in the water there. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Have you seen the sea? M: Of course I have! It’s all around us. W: No! I mean, have you seen how dirty the water is? It looks as if it isn’t clean enough to swim here. 5. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a reading room. B. In a publishing house. C. In a bookstore. 【答案】C 【原文】W: What can I do for you, sir? M: Have you got the Harry Potter series? I want a copy for my daughter. W: Sorry, we haven’t got that at the moment. But we could order it for you. Do you know the name of the publisher? 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What will the woman do this weekend? A. Go to a concert with the man. B. Have dinner with her friend. C. Practise playing football. 7. When will the speakers meet outside the Kent Theater? A. At eight this Thursday. B. At six this Saturday. C. At seven next Tuesday. 【答案】6. C 7. C 【原文】M: Hello, Shelly. Shall we go to a concert at 8 o’clock this Thursday evening? W: Let me see. Oh, I am sorry. I’ll be having dinner with a friend then. M: How about Saturday or Sunday? W: Sorry, I have football practice. M: What a pity! When will you have time then? W: The following Tuesday. Is that OK with you? M: Fine. So shall we meet at 7 outside the Kent Theater? W: All right. See you there then. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What does the man offer to do? A. Lend his umbrella to the woman. B. Get the woman’s umbrella for her. C. Do the presentation for the woman. 9. What is the woman probably going to do right away? A. Go for the presentation. B. Wait for the man. C. Study in the library. 【答案】8. A 9. A 【原文】M: Hi, Lucy. What are you doing in the library? W: Hi, Jim. I’m in a hurry to do a presentation, but the classroom is on the other side of the school. I have only 10 minutes left. I have to go now. M: It is raining outside. Did you bring an umbrella with you? W: God, I left it at home before I went to school this morning. What should I do right now? M: Don’t worry, Lucy. I have an umbrella in my gym locker. I can lend my umbrella to you. Would you stay here and wait for me? W: That’s very nice of you, Jim, but the gym is too far away from here. I can’t wait any longer, or else I will be late. Don’t bother. I’ll go at once. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. Why is the woman moving to London? A. To live together with her parents. B. To get further education. C. To work in a new place. 11. Why does the woman decide to leave her dog behind? A. She doesn't like him any more. B. Her parents don't allow her to take him. C. Her dog may not be used to the new environment. 12. Where does the woman live now? A. In a big city. B. In a town. C. In a small village. 【答案】10. C 11. C 12. C 【原文】M:Hi, Jenny. Is it true you are moving to London? W:Yes, it is. M:What made you decide to do that? W:Work, mainly. I’m sure I’ll be able to find a job there. M: But where are you going to live? W: I hope I’ll find a flat to share with somebody. That’ll be cheaper. M: Yes, that’s a good idea. Are you taking your dog with you? W: No, I don’t think so. My parents have offered to take care of him, and I don’t think he’d get used to the city life. M: You are probably right. But aren’t you afraid of moving to such a big place, especially after living in a small village? W: Not really. I think I’ll enjoy myself. There’s so much to do there. I expect I won’t miss the countryside much and I can always come back and visit it. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. What is the woman doing? A. Asking for some advice. B. Having a job interview. C. Getting more information. 14. What is the woman's major? A. Literature. B. Public administration. C. Education. 15. Why was the woman out of school for six months during high school? A. She was badly ill. B. She received tennis training. C. Her father took her to America. 16. What was the woman's part-time job at college? A. Designing things. B. Teaching English. C. Working as a tour guide. 【答案】13. B 14. B 15. C 16. B 【原文】M: Hello, Miss Wang. W: Hello! Glad to meet you. M: Tell me something about yourself, please. W: I am a student of Beijing University. I have majored in public administration. I like traveling very much and enjoy sports. I am in the tennis club at my university. M: Your application form says you were out of school for half a year during high school. What was the reason? Were you ill? W: Oh, no. My father’s job took him to America for six months then, and he decided to take the whole family along. M: So during that time you went to high school in the United States? W: Yes, it was just for a few months. I attended Johnson High School in Chicago. M: Tell me why you are interested in working for this company, will you? W: I think working in this company would give me the best opportunity to use what I’ve learned at college. I think this company has a great future. So for a long time I’ve been thinking I’d like to work for this company. M: Have you ever worked during your university days? W: Yes. I worked as a tutor to teach English to a middle school student. M: There’s a good chance for you to come to work for this company. Thank you for coming. We’ll let you know the result as soon as possible. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. Where is the National Park? A. In the east of the city. B. In the north of the city. C. In the south of the city. 18. Why should the listeners hike with a partner? A. To cut expenses. B. To ensure their safety. C. To make the trip more enjoyable. 19. What is the speaker’s third suggestion about? A. What to wear. B. How to contact others. C. What to eat and drink. 20. What does the speaker mention at last? A. Preventing the areas from being harmed. B. Bringing something home as a souvenir. C. Planting some flowers if possible. 【答案】17. B 18. B 19. A 20. A 【原文】 W: The National Park we will visit is located in the desert just north of our city. Like any hike of this nature, you should be prepared for the adventure in the desert. First, hike with a partner for safety. I enjoy hiking with family members and close friends. Second, carry a cell phone with you. However, keep in mind that you might not get any signal in some places, so don't depend on it. Third, be sure to have the right clothing and shoes or boots for the hike. Light, breathable clothing is the best during the summer, along with the hat and strong hiking shoes. Forth, carry plenty of water. Having a few snacks can give you energy, too. Fifth, take a small first-aid box with you, particularly on longer hikes, in case you get injured. Sixth, pack a detailed map of the area you’re hiking, along with a compass or a GPS to locate your position. And finally, take nothing home with you except pictures and memories. You can protect these areas by leaving all rocks, flowers, and other objects for future visitors. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed. Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is effective. Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each. Requirements for completion: •One welcoming session on the second Friday of the term •18 weekly one-hour pair meetings •Weekly progress reports for all pair meetings •At least three pair-teacher meetings •One five-minute final video Sign up! The sign-up and registration process is as follows: •Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning. •Based on the information entered by each student, potential pairs are identified. •Proficiency (熟练) levels are confirmed through coursework or placement tests. •Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme. Reminders: Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate. Pairs are matched by languages of interest and proficiency levels. Since there are many factors involved in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme. 21．In the programme, students will _________. A．chair daily meetings B．evaluate the exchange C．meet teachers each week D．practise their language skills 22．To complete the programme, students are required to _________. A．development tests B．participate in pair meetings C．welcome new students D．work on weekly videos 23．What do students need to do during the registration? A．Indicate their languages of interest. B．Select their own coursework. C．Make individual contact. D．Choose their partners. 【答案】21．D 22．B 23．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项语言交流项目的基本情况以及它的要求、报名和注册流程以及注意事项的相关信息。 21．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed.(语言交流项目让学生们两人一组，每周用他们希望分享和学习的两种不同的语言进行交流。学生们在每次搭档会议后记录简短的条目，指出所练习的语言技能和讨论的主题)”可知，在这个项目中，学生们将练习他们的语言技能。故选D。 22．细节理解题。根据Requirements for completion部分第二点“18 weekly one-hour pair meetings(每周18次一小时的配对会议)”可知，为了完成该项目，学生们被要求参加配对会议。故选B。 23．细节理解题。根据Sign up部分第一点“Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning.(学生们报名参加并表明他们可以分享的语言以及他们有兴趣学习的语言)”可知，学生们在注册期间需要表明他们感兴趣的语言。故选A。 B As a fully bilingual Latina raising multicultural skids, I have always imagined myself passing down the Spanish language to them. I’ve had to think of more creative ways to get them excited about learning the language. Earlier this year we decided to take a Spanish immersion trip to Punta Cana in the Dominican Republic. We stayed at the Lopesan Costa Bavaro, a 5-star, all-inclusive hotel to make travel. and family activities a lot easier. To me, language is about more than just the words themselves; I want to teach them to value the world and: its many cultures. So the goal of the trip was to primarily speak to my kids in Spanish and offer them an enriching travel experience. I blocked out two-to-three-hour windows to speak to them only in Spanish. each: day and found that they became curious about the language and kept asking me how to translate words, even when we weren’t in practice mode. One of their favorite spots in the hotel was the ice cream shop. The kids learned what to call the sweet treat in Spanish (helado) and asked how to say the different ice cream flavors in Spanish too. The most important part of the immersion trip was to have fun and to set realistic expectations about their language development journey. My kids weren’t going to leave the trip being fully bilingual, but the goal was to spark their interest and create a positive learning experience. For me, it was also a reminder to let go of the bilingual parenting pressure I constantly put on myself. So much of passing down a language requires planning and consistency, which can be hard to keep up with at times — and that’s OK. Once we got home, my son asked us to download the app Duolingo on our devices so he could continue practicing his Spanish. And I still make it a point to occasionally shift to Spanish and teach them new words: little by little, poco a poco. 24．What was the main purpose of the author’s trip to Punta Cana? A．To enjoy an expensive hotel. B．To teach her kids Spanish through immersion. C．To explore the culture of the Dominican Republic. D．To visit family members living there. 25．How did the author teach her children Spanish during the trip? A．By playing games with them. B．By having them speak Spanish for two to three hours daily. C．By enrolling them in a language school. D．By speaking only Spanish for two to three hours daily. 26．What lesson did the author learn regarding bilingual parenting? A．It is vital to set strict language rules. B．Language learning is not important for cultural identity. C．Children should only learn one language at a time. D．It requires patience, planning, and consistency. 27．What does the author imply about her children’s language development? A．They generate a strong passion for Spanish. B．They became fluent in Spanish by the end of the trip. C．They have formed a habit of learning Spanish after the trip. D．They found Spanish too easy to learn. 【答案】24．B 25．D 26．D 27．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。身为双语拉丁裔母亲，作者带孩子赴多米尼加进行西班牙语沉浸式旅行，激发孩子兴趣，领悟双语育儿要点。 24．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Earlier this year we decided to take a Spanish immersion trip to Punta Cana in the Dominican Republic.(今年早些时候，我们决定去多米尼加共和国的蓬塔卡纳进行西班牙语沉浸式旅行)”以及“So the goal of the trip was to primarily speak to my kids in Spanish and offer them an enriching travel experience.(所以这次旅行的目标主要是和我的孩子们说西班牙语，并为他们提供丰富的旅行体验)”可知，作者去蓬塔卡纳的主要目的是通过沉浸式学习教孩子们西班牙语。故选B。 25．细节理解题。根据第二段中“I blocked out two-to-three-hour windows to speak to them only in Spanish each day and found that they became curious about the language and kept asking me how to translate words, even when we weren’t in practice mode.(我每天留出两到三个小时的时间只和他们说西班牙语，我发现他们对这门语言变得很好奇，即使我们不在练习模式下，他们也不断问我如何翻译单词)”可知，作者通过每天花两到三个小时只说西班牙语来教孩子。故选D。 26．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“For me, it was also a reminder to let go of the bilingual parenting pressure l constantly put on myself. So much of passing down a language requires planning and consistency, which can be hard to keep up with at times — and that’s OK.(对我来说，这也提醒我要放下自己一直以来施加的双语育儿压力。传承一门语言在很大程度上需要规划和坚持，有时很难做到这一点——但这也没关系)”可推知，双语育儿需要耐心、规划和坚持。故选D。 27．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Once we got home, my son asked us to download the app Duolingo on our devices so he could continue practicing his Spanish.(我们一回到家，我儿子就让我们在设备上下载多邻国应用程序，这样他就可以继续练习他的西班牙语了)”可推知，孩子们对西班牙语产生了强烈的热情。故选A。 C Understanding a simple-looking sentence like “I read this article yesterday” actually requires complex processing of subject, action, object, and time. Yet the human brain does this almost instantaneously based on grammatical rules, says linguist Martin of the Max Planck Institute. His team found that the brain adapts to basic grammatical differences across languages by adjusting how it processes each sentence. Their recent study observed variations in Dutch- speaking participants’ brain waves while they listened to a Dutch-language audiobook by means of measuring how many new “predictions” the brain makes of words that could come next in a sentence. Interestingly, they found that, unlike previous English- based studies, which supported a “wait and see” model where listeners understand phrases only after they end, Dutch participants showed a strong tendency toward a highly predictive model- mentally completing phrases before they were finished. In Dutch language structure, verbs sometimes come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English, explains study lead author Cas W. Coopmans, which suggests this seemingly unrealistically delay probably encourages more predictive sentence processing. However, he emphasizes that neither parsing (语法分析) strategy is necessarily better or worse. Instead, people adapt their processing style to fit the structure of the language they’re using, showing the brain’s flexibility across languages. The findings highlight the need for more diverse subjects in linguistic research, says linguist Jixing Li, who focuses on how brain activity differs when processing languages like English and Chinese due to structural differences. Studying only neurotypical English speakers can miss key variations and limit model accuracy. Diversifying subjects in studies of how the brain processes language “is going to help us capture how the brain is understanding the structured meaning of language, and the social utility of language, in many different ways,” Martin says. “There’s so much yet to be understood in the brain.” 28．What does the underlined word “instantaneously” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．immediately. B．constantly C．regularly D．currently 29．According to the study, what can be inferred about Dutch-speaking participants? A．Their brains work more actively than English speakers. B．Their brain activity is less predictable than that of English speakers. C．They struggle to understand complicated sentences as verbs appear late. D．They prefer to guess upcoming words while listening to spoken language. 30．What message does Coopmans’ words convey? A．Delayed words confuse Dutch speakers. B．Dutch verbs come closely after the subject. C．People process different languages with the same procedure. D．Parsing strategy is not that important in understanding a language. 31．What can be learnt from the last two paragraphs? A．Diversifying subjects is necessary in linguistic research. B．Diversifying subjects helps understand the social utility. C．How the brain processes language has been fully settled. D．Studying neurotypical English speakers can miss variation. 【答案】28．A 29．D 30．D 31．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了语言学家关于大脑处理不同语言方式的研究，发现大脑会根据语言结构调整处理策略，强调语言研究中多样化研究对象的必要性。 28．词句猜测题。根据第一段中“Understanding a simple-looking sentence like “I read this article yesterday” actually requires complex processing of subject, action, object, and time. Yet the human brain does this almost instantaneously based on grammatical rules, says linguist Martin of the Max Planck Institute. (理解像“我昨天读了这篇文章”这样看似简单的句子，实际上需要对主语、动作、宾语和时间进行复杂的处理。然而，马克斯·普朗克研究所的语言学家马丁说，人类大脑几乎能instantaneously地根据语法规则完成这一过程。)”可知，虽然理解一个简单句子需要复杂的处理，但大脑却能很快地根据语法规则完成这一过程。由此可知，instantaneously意为“立即，马上”，与immediately意思相近。故选A项。 29．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Interestingly, they found that, unlike previous English- based studies, which supported a “wait and see” model where listeners understand phrases only after they end, Dutch participants showed a strong tendency toward a highly predictive model- mentally completing phrases before they were finished. (有趣的是，他们发现，与之前基于英语的研究不同，之前的研究支持一种“等待并观察”的模式，即听众只有在短语结束后才理解短语，而荷兰参与者则表现出强烈的倾向，倾向于一种高度预测的模式 —— 在短语完成之前就在脑海中完成短语。)”可知，荷兰语参与者在听语言时倾向于在脑海中提前完成短语，即他们更喜欢猜测即将出现的单词。故选D项。 30．细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, he emphasizes that neither parsing (语法分析) strategy is necessarily better or worse. Instead, people adapt their processing style to fit the structure of the language they’re using, showing the brain’s flexibility across languages. (然而，他强调，两种语法分析策略都不一定更好或更差。相反，人们会调整自己的处理方式以适应他们所使用的语言的结构，这表明大脑在不同语言之间具有灵活性。)”可知，Coopmans认为两种语法分析策略没有优劣之分，人们会根据语言结构调整处理方式，即语法分析策略在理解语言中并不是那么重要。故选D项。 31．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The findings highlight the need for more diverse subjects in linguistic research, says linguist Jixing Li, who focuses on how brain activity differs when processing languages like English and Chinese due to structural differences. Studying only neurotypical English speakers can miss key variations and limit model accuracy. (语言学家李继星专门研究由于结构差异，在处理英语和汉语等语言时大脑活动的差异，他说，这些发现突显了语言研究中需要更多样化的研究对象。只研究神经典型的英语使用者可能会错过关键的变化，并限制模型的准确性。)”和最后一段中“Diversifying subjects in studies of how the brain processes language “is going to help us capture how the brain is understanding the structured meaning of language, and the social utility of language, in many different ways,” Martin says. (马丁说，在研究大脑如何处理语言时，使研究对象多样化“将帮助我们从许多不同的方面捕捉大脑如何理解语言的结构意义和语言的社会效用”。)”可知，从最后两段可以学到在语言学研究中，使研究对象多样化是很有必要的。故选A项。 D Knowledge of your native language feels different to other sorts of knowledge. It feels like it should be solid and stable and that it shouldn’t deteriorate when not used. Like your favorite childhood teddy bear, it might collect dust, but it shouldn’t be lost. It’s discomforting and unusual to feel a loss of control over this knowledge, which we believe to be so deeply fixed within our brains. To many peoples, the thought of losing one’s mother tongue may seem strange. That same feeling can be felt whenever a word skips the mind and eludes the tongue. So is it really possible to forget your mother tongue? When we learn a foreign language, we do it through our mother tongue (often termed the L1). The L1 is the linguistic (语言) system that we acquire during babyhood, and it enables us to learn a foreign language (L2). We translate L2 words and often put them into L1 grammatical structures. Little by little, the new language takes root in our minds. We start to become accustomed to the new sounds, and we begin to use the language in a more direct and automatic way, without necessarily having to reference the original language. Different linguistic systems can be active at the same time in the brain. Language attrition (磨蚀) can occur due to these languages impacting upon one another. Depending on the frequency with which the linguistic systems are activated, one can become dominant while the other sinks into the depths of our memory in such a way that it becomes difficult for our brain to recall it. This is called L1 attrition. L1 attrition is governed by two main factors: the increasing use and dominance of the L2, and the reduction of exposure to the L1. This attrition tends to make itself evident in the reduction of the speaker’s vocabulary, while knowledge of structure and sound remains more stable. A speaker’s attitude and motivation toward his or her new and native languages can also have an effect on language attrition. 32．What does the underlined word “eludes” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Escapes from. B．Sticks to. C．Mixes up with. D．Makes use of. 33．What happens when we begin to learn L2, according to the text? A．We make progress in L1, too. B．We still use the grammatic structures of L1. C．We tend to translate L1 words into L2 words. D．We find the sounds of L2 hard to get accustomed to. 34．Language attrition happens because of ______. A．memory deterioration B．reduced use of the language C．translation between languages D．loss of control over our learning 35．What is a result of L1 attrition? A．Confusion of L1 and L2 structures. B．The speaker’s positive attitude to L2. C．Decrease of the speaker’s L1 vocabulary. D．The speaker’s difficulty in recalling his knowledge. 【答案】32．A 33．B 34．B 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了母语磨蚀这种现象产生的原因及其可能的结果。 32．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“To many peoples, the thought of losing one’s mother tongue may seem strange.(对于许多人来说，想到失去自己的母语可能会觉得有些不可思议)”以及后文“So is it really possible to forget your mother tongue?(那么，真的有可能忘记自己的母语吗？)”可知，该段主要在描述母语忘词儿的现象，所以划线词所在句“That same feeling can be felt whenever a word skips the mind and eludes the tongue.(每当一个词跳过大脑，eludes舌头时，也会有同样的感觉)”，这里理解成话语从舌头上逃走了，即，词到嘴边就是说不上来这种现象。故划线词意思是“逃走”。故选A。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段“We translate L2 words and often put them into L1 grammatical structures.(我们会翻译出第二语言中的词汇，并常常将它们嵌入到第一语言的语法结构中)”可知，当我们开始学习第二语言时会发生我们仍然会使用第一语言的语法结构的情况。故选B。 34．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Depending on the frequency with which the linguistic systems are activated, one can become dominant while the other sinks into the depths of our memory in such a way that it becomes difficult for our brain to recall it. This is called L1 attrition.(根据语言系统被激活的频率不同，其中一个系统可能会占据主导地位，而另一个则会潜藏在我们的记忆深处，以至于我们的大脑难以将其唤起。这种情况被称为“第一语言衰退”)”以及最后一段“L1 attrition is governed by two main factors: the increasing use and dominance of the L2, and the reduction of exposure to the L1.(“第一语言衰退”主要由两个因素决定：一是第二语言的使用频率和影响力不断增加，二是与第一语言接触的机会减少)”可知，语言衰退是因为语言使用频率降低所致。故选B。 35．细节理解题。根据最后一段“This attrition tends to make itself evident in the reduction of the speaker’s vocabulary, while knowledge of structure and sound remains more stable.(这种退化现象往往会在说话者的词汇量减少方面表现出来，而对结构和发音的掌握则相对较为稳定)”可知，“第一语言衰退”会导致说话者的第一语言词汇量减少。故选C。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Learning a new language is more than a skill. It gives you an opportunity to understand other cultures. 36 . Choose a language This is a personal decision. 37 If you enjoy studying Japanese history and culture, you may want to add Japanese to the list. Perhaps you’re planning to vacation in Brazil and decide to learn Portuguese before the trip. Maybe you live in an area with many Spanish speakers and believe being bilingual (双语的) will increase your job opportunities. 38 This is important because you need to know which words to use to express yourself and understand what you hear and see. According to the International Center for Language Studies, knowing between 4,000 and 10,000 words in a language typically makes you an advanced speaker. Accept mistakes Mistakes are a common part of the process when learning a language. You may choose the wrong word, change vowel sounds, or use the present tense form of a verb when talking about something that happened last week. When you make a mistake, pay attention to the advice you get. 39 . Set aside time to practice 40 . According to the US Department of State’s Foreign Service Institute, a native English speaker typically needs between 600 and 750 class hours to learn languages like Dutch, French, Italian, and Spanish. You’ll spend around 900 class hours learning German, Haitian Creole, and Swahili. Sometimes you need to learn languages with fewer features in common with English. Then you’d better put in at least 1,100 class hours. A．Build your vocabulary B．Keep trying before setting a goal C．Focus on the 100 most commonly used words D．Try out these steps for how to learn a new language E．Learning a new language takes time and needs regular practice F．Your interests, needs, and goals can help you narrow your choices G．For example, the person you’re talking to may correct your grammar or vocabulary choice 【答案】36．D 37．F 38．A 39．G 40．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍学习新语言的步骤，包括选语言、建词汇、接受错误和定期练习等。 36．根据上文“Learning a new language is more than a skill. It gives you an opportunity to understand other cultures. (学习一门新语言不仅仅是一项技能。它给你一个了解其他文化的机会。)”以及下文小标题“Choose a language(选择一门语言)”等具体学习步骤可知，此空应引出学习新语言的步骤。D选项“Try out these steps for how to learn a new language(尝试以下学习新语言的步骤)”中的“these steps”指代下文的具体学习步骤，符合语境。故选D项。 37．根据上文“This is a personal decision. (这是个人决定。)”以及下文“If you enjoy studying Japanese history and culture, you may want to add Japanese to the list. Perhaps you’re planning to vacation in Brazil and decide to learn Portuguese before the trip. (如果你喜欢研究日本历史和文化，或许会想把日语列入学习清单。也许你正计划去巴西度假，于是决定在旅行前学习葡萄牙语。)”可知，此空应说明个人兴趣、需求和目标对选择语言的影响。F选项“Your interests, needs, and goals can help you narrow your choices(你的兴趣、需求和目标能帮助你缩小选择范围)”中的“interests, needs, and goals”对应下文的喜欢研究日本历史文化、计划去巴西度假等内容，符合语境。故选F项。 38．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题。根据空后的“This is important because you need to know which words to use to express yourself and understand what you hear and see. According to the International Center for Language Studies, knowing between 4,000 and 10,000 words in a language typically makes you an advanced speaker. (这一点很重要，因为你需要知道用哪些词汇来表达自己，并理解所听所见的内容。根据国际语言研究中心的说法，掌握一门语言4000到10000个单词通常能让你成为高级使用者。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与词汇量相关。A选项“Build your vocabulary(积累你的词汇量)”直接点明了本段的核心内容，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。 39．根据空前的“When you make a mistake, pay attention to the advice you get. (当你犯错时，注意你得到的建议。)”可知，此空应举例说明得到的建议的具体内容。G选项“For example, the person you’re talking to may correct your grammar or vocabulary choice(例如，和你交谈的人可能会纠正你的语法或词汇选择)”中的“For example”引出具体例子，“correct your grammar or vocabulary choice”是对“advice”的具体说明，符合语境。故选G项。 40．根据本段小标题“Set aside time to practice(留出时间练习)”以及下文“According to the US Department of State’s Foreign Service Institute, a native English speaker typically needs between 600 and 750 class hours to learn languages like Dutch, French, Italian, and Spanish. (根据美国国务院外交学院的说法，以英语为母语的人通常需要600到750课时来学习荷兰语、法语、意大利语和西班牙语等语言。)”可知，此空应强调学习新语言需要时间和定期练习。E选项“Learning a new language takes time and needs regular practice(学习一门新语言需要时间，并且需要定期练习)”中的“takes time and needs regular practice”对应下文不同语言学习所需的课时数，符合语境。故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “It is never too late and you are never too 41 to start something new!” said Ellen Rema. She began to learn 42 at the age of fifty. In just a few years, she made a lot of progress. 43 no evening classes were offered in the area Ellen lived in, she 44 to study online. She took an English course on the Internet. Ellen began with easy courses and studied hard. “My son always said, ‘Mom, you are a bit   45 ’. He couldn’t understand why I spent so many hours 46 , but I love it” She said. “Maybe I wanted to do too much in a short time. I   47 all my courses after two years, but I found I still had difficulties with grammar.” Instead of 48 , she chose to continue. After another two years, she’s still studying in the online classroom. But now to make her English better, she has set new 49 for herself. “Studying online is 50 boring, but you need self-discipline,” said Ellen. “If you really want to learn, never give up when you face 51 and when you think you haven’t made any 52 . Ellen said studying English wasn’t all about hard work. “It was fun. I have learned so much about other cultures and 53 .’’ She said. Ellen had been able to put her English to 54 by visiting England five times. “I’m very thankful to the Internet. My life has been 55 .” 41．A．big B．small C．old D．young 42．A．painting B．English C．dancing D．computer 43．A．Although B．Before C．Because D．Until 44．A．chose B．volunteered C．advised D．refused 45．A．lazy B．careless C．nervous D．crazy 46．A．discussing B．studying C．traveling D．preparing 47．A．started B．forgot C．finished D．remembered 48．A．giving up B．putting up C．taking up D．cheering up 49．A．goals B．examples C．books D．bikes 50．A．even B．also C．ever D．never 51．A．enemies B．difficulties C．chances D．challenges 52．A．reasons B．progress C．business D．decisions 53．A．people B．families C．languages D．traditions 54．A．use B．learn C．speak D．talk 55．A．easy B．boring C．different D．difficult 【答案】 41．C 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．D 46．B 47．C 48．A 49．A 50．D 51．B 52．B 53．D 54．A 55．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述Ellen Rema五十岁时开始学习英语的经历。 41．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“开始新事物永远不会太迟，也永远不会太老！” Ellen Rema 说。A. big大的；B. small小的；C. old年老的；D. young年轻的。下文“She began to learn ___2___at the age of fifty.”提到她50岁时开始学习新知识，故此处指学习新事物永远不嫌老，故选C。 42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她五十岁时开始学英语。A. painting画画；B. English英语；C. dancing跳舞；D. computer电脑。根据下文“She took an English course on the Internet.(她在网上上了一门英语课程)”可知，她五十岁时开始学英语，故选B。 43．考查连词词义辨析。句意：因为Ellen住的地方没有夜校，所以她选择了在线学习。A. Although尽管；B. Before在……以前；C. Because因为；D. Until直到。结合句意可知，“没有夜校”是“选择在线学习”的原因，使用because引导原因状语从句，故选C。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. chose选择；B. volunteered自愿做；C. advised建议；D. refused拒绝。下文“She took an English course on the Internet.(她在网上上了一门英语课程)”提到她在网上学习英语课程，故此处指她选择在线学习，故选A。 45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我儿子总是说，‘妈妈，你有点疯狂。’”A. lazy懒惰的；B. careless粗心的；C. nervous紧张的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据下文“He couldn’t understand why I spent so many hours ___6___”可知，儿子不理解Ellen的行为，认为她有点疯狂，故选D。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他不明白我为什么要花那么多时间学习，但我喜欢学习，”她说。A. discussing讨论；B. studying学习；C. traveling旅行；D. preparing准备。根据上文“Ellen began with easy courses and studied hard.( Ellen从简单的课程开始，努力学习)”可知，Ellen努力学习，故此处指花很多时间学习，故选B。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年后我完成了所有的课程，但我发现我在语法上仍然有困难。A. started开始；B. forgot忘记；C. finished完成；D. remembered记得。上文提到她努力学习，根据“Maybe I wanted to do too much in a short time.(也许我想在短时间内做的事情太多了)”以及下文“after two years”可知，她想在短时间内做很多事情，故两年后应是完成了所有课程，故选C。 48．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她没有放弃，而是选择继续。A. giving up放弃；B. putting up张贴；C. taking up开始从事；D. cheering up振作起来。根据下文“she chose to continue.”可知，她没有放弃，而是选择继续，故选A。 49．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但现在为了提高英语水平，她为自己设定了新的目标。A. goals目标；B. examples例子；C. books书；D. bikes自行车。根据上文“to make her English better”可知，为了提高英语水平，她应是设定新的学习目标，故选A。 50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“在线学习从不无聊，但你需要自律，” Ellen说。A. even甚至；B. also也；C. ever曾经；D. never从不。根据上文“After another two years, she’s still studying in the online classroom.(又过了两年，她仍然在网上课堂学习)”以及下文的转折“but you need self-discipline”可知，她认为在线学习不会无聊，但是需要自律，故选D。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你真的想学习，当你面对困难，当你认为自己没有任何进步时，永远不要放弃。A. enemies敌人；B. difficulties困难；C. chances机会；D. challenges挑战。根据上文“never give up”可知，此处是说在学习遇到困难时永不放弃，故选B。 52．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. reasons理由；B. progress进步；C. business商业，生意；D. decisions决定。结合“never give up”可知，此处指没有取得进步时永不放弃，和上文面临困难的情况并列，make progress“取得进步”，固定短语，故选B。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学到了很多其他的文化和传统。A. people人们；B. families家庭；C. languages语言；D. traditions传统。空处和“cultures”并列，结合语境可知，她学习英语时也了解了很多其他国家的文化和传统，故选D。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ellen去了英国五次，使她的英语派上了用场。A. use使用；B. learn学习；C. speak说；D. talk谈话。根据下文“by visiting England five times”可知，去英国需要说英语，故此处指把英语投入实际运用，故选A。 55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的生活不一样了。A. easy容易的；B. boring令人厌烦的；C. different不同的；D. difficult困难的。根据上文Ellen Rema五十岁时努力在网上学习英语并多次去英国和上文“I ’m very thankful to the Internet.(我非常感谢互联网)”可知，Ellen感激互联网，因为在网上学习英语而让自己的生活不一样了，故选C。 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Learning a language is usually 56 (difference) from learning other subjects. It includes a lot of practice and follow-ups. When 57 (talk) about my personal experience, I would say that I have a rich experience in learning English 58 a second language. I learned English for ten years starting from Grade Seven to graduation from university. After graduation, I felt that I should improve my language skills. Therefore, I made a lot of efforts personally to increase my fluency. Until now I still learn the language. Indeed, learning a language 59 (take) a lifetime. I still remember my English teachers who 60 (change) frequently (频繁地) in 61 beginning, but all of them had much in common — They used grammar-translation method. They used to write bilingual (双语) lists of words on board, and then we, as students, 62 (ask) to copy these lists and memorize them by heart. All teaching focused on reading and writing skills, but there were no 63 (activity) focusing on speaking or listening. Now, I still don’t fully know how 64 (use) the English language like using idioms and the proper form of vocabulary. Idioms have many connotations (言外意义) in the English language. Sometimes I use an idiom and I mean something, but the connotation of the idiom means something else. Besides, I should also study harder to use certain vocabulary 65 (correct). To my mind, I have not reached that point. 【答案】 56．different 57．talking 58．as 59．takes 60．changed 61．the 62．were asked 63．activities 64．to use 65．correctly 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了学习语言与其他学科不同，需大量练习，作者以自身学英语为例，讲述学习经历、老师教学方法及自身不足。 56．考查形容词。句意：学习一门语言通常不同于学习其他学科。be different from表示“与……不同”，空处应用形容词different作表语。故填different。 57．考查非谓语动词。句意：当谈到我的个人经历时，我想说我在学习英语作为第二语言方面有着丰富的经验。逻辑主语I与talk about之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式talking，When talking about...是“when+非谓语动词”结构作状语。故填talking。 58．考查介词。句意：当谈到我的个人经历时，我想说我在学习英语作为第二语言方面有着丰富的经验。结合语意可知，此处表示“作为第二语言”，应用介词as。故填as。 59．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：的确，学习一门语言需要一生的时间。句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语learning a language是动名词短语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式takes。故填takes。 60．考查动词时态。句意：我仍然记得我的英语老师，一开始他们经常换，但他们都有很多共同之处——他们都使用语法翻译法。根据“I still remember”以及语意可知，从句描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填changed。 61．考查冠词。句意：我仍然记得我的英语老师，一开始他们经常换，但他们都有很多共同之处——他们都使用语法翻译法。in the beginning表示“一开始，起初”，是固定短语。故填the。 62．考查动词时态和语态。句意：他们过去常常在黑板上写双语单词表，然后我们作为学生被要求抄写这些单词表并背下来。根据“used to write”可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语we与ask之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were asked。 63．考查名词复数。句意：所有的教学都集中在阅读和写作技能上，但没有针对口语或听力的活动。activity是可数名词，根据were可知，此处应用复数形式，在there be句型中作主语。故填activities。 64．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，我仍然不完全知道如何像使用习语和正确形式的词汇那样使用英语。how to do sth.表示“如何做某事”，为“疑问词+不定式”结构作宾语。故填to use。 65．考查副词。句意：此外，我还应该更努力地学习，以便正确地使用某些词汇。空处修饰动词use，应用副词correctly作状语。故填correctly。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假如你是李华，将和全班同学分享学习英语的方法，请你以此为主题写一篇英文演讲稿。内容包括： 1. 具体建议及理由； 2. 表达期待。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Hua. It’s my honor to share some practical ways of learning English. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Hua. It’s my honor to share some practical ways of learning English. Firstly, read English articles every day, and you can improve your reading skills and increase your vocabulary. Secondly, it is a nice way to listen to English songs or watch English movies, which makes your learning more interesting and effective. Lastly, I recommend you join an English club or find a language partner. The more you practice, the more confident you’ll be. Don’t be afraid of making mistakes. After all, mistakes are stepping stones. Most importantly, remember that progress takes time, so take it easy. Sticking to these methods, we can make it. Thanks for your attention, and I sincerely hope my advice helps! 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份，写一篇关于分享学习英语方法的英文演讲稿，内容需包含具体建议、理由以及表达期待。 【详解】1.词汇积累 首先：firstly → to begin with 提高：improve → enhance 有效：effective → efficient 推荐：recommend→suggest 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：After all, mistakes are stepping stones. 拓展句：After all, mistakes are stepping stones that help us learn and grow. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Secondly, it is a nice way to listen to English songs or watch English movies, which makes your learning more interesting and effective. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】The more you practice, the more confident you’ll be. (运用了“the+比较级，the+比较级”的结构) 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料：根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As a shy student in high school, I’d always been afraid of speaking English in public. Countless times, I had practiced perfect English conversations in my mind, but when it came to the real thing, I would freeze and couldn’t say anything. What if I messed up the grammar? What if my native language accent sounded too strong? My hands would get sweaty, and my voice would tremble (颤抖) whenever my teacher called my name in class. I envied my classmates who could chat fluently with native speakers, but I felt trapped by my own self-doubt. One sunny afternoon, I was looking through books in a local bookstore. Golden sunlight streamed through the bookstore’s large windows, casting warm light over the rows of bookshelves. It was quiet with not many customers. The soft low sound of customers turning through pages and the slight smell of freshly printed paper filled the air. While searching for an illustrated book in front of the bookshelf, I heard a tense conversation at the checkout counter. A foreign customer stood there, holding a piece of paper covered in messy Chinese handwriting. He gestured wildly, trying to explain something to the shopkeeper, who stared back in total confusion, with a polite yet helpless smile on her face. The customer’s face turned red with annoyance, while the shopkeeper just shook her head, clearly lost. My heart raced as I realized they were speaking English. Every part of me wanted to run, but my feet felt glued to the floor. A storm of thoughts exploded in my mind: What if I’m just embarrassing myself? What if I can’t even understand them? I stood frozen, trapped in a mental fight between fear and the urge to help. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After what felt like ages, I took a deep breath and approached them _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When the shopkeeper finally found the right volume, the customer thanked me sincerely. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 After what felt like ages, I took a deep breath and approached them. My voice was barely above a whisper as I asked, “Can I help?” The foreign customer turned to me, hope lighting up his face. He quickly handed me the paper, explaining that he was trying to find a specific book but couldn’t make the shopkeeper understand the title. I glanced at the messy handwriting, recognizing a few English words amidst the Chinese characters. With a shaky hand, I pointed to the bookshelves and led him to the right section, my heart pounding in my chest. When the shopkeeper finally found the right volume, the customer thanked me sincerely. His gratitude washed over me like a warm wave, melting away my anxiety. As he left the store, he patted my shoulder and said, “Your English is great! Don’t be afraid to speak it.” His words echoed in my mind long after he’d gone. That day, I realized that my fear of making mistakes was holding me back from connecting with others. Stepping out of my comfort zone had not only helped someone in need but also given me a newfound confidence in my ability to communicate. From then on, I started raising my hand more often in class, embracing every chance to speak English without fear. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了害羞的作者一直害怕在公共场合说英语，内心充满自我怀疑。然而，在一个阳光明媚的下午，作者在书店里目睹了一位外国顾客与店主因语言不通而陷入困境的情景。尽管内心充满恐惧，担心自己会出丑或无法理解对方，但作者最终还是鼓起勇气上前帮忙。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“过了仿佛一个世纪那么久，我深吸一口气，朝他们走去。”可知，第一段可描写作者用英语帮助外国顾客找书的过程以及心理活动。 ②由第二段首句内容“当店主终于找到那本书时，顾客真诚地向我道谢。”可知，第二段可描写顾客道谢后作者的感悟以及决定以后积极说英语。 2.续写线索：用英语交流——帮助找书——感到紧张——道谢——感悟——决定积极说英语 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①帮助：help/assist ②解释：explain/account for ③意识到：realize/be aware of ④发现：find/discover 情绪类 ①害怕的：afraid/scared ②感谢：gratitude/appreciation 【点睛】[高分句型1] He quickly handed me the paper, explaining that he was trying to find a specific book but couldn’t make the shopkeeper understand the title.（运用了现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句） [高分句型2] With a shaky hand, I pointed to the bookshelves and led him to the right section, my heart pounding in my chest.（运用了独立主格结构作状语） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司22 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… 此卷只装订不密封 ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校：______________姓名：_____________班级：_______________考号：______________________ 2024-2025学年高一必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit2·基础卷 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the man do tonight? A. Buy some shoes. B. Go to the bank. C. Book a hotel room. 2. What time is it now? A. 4:10. B. 4:20. C. 4:30. 3. What kind of music does the woman like best? A. Classical music. B. Light music. C. Pop music. 4. What does the woman mean? A. The water there is not clean. B. The water is getting clearer. C. They can swim in the water there. 5. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a reading room. B. In a publishing house. C. In a bookstore. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. What will the woman do this weekend? A. Go to a concert with the man. B. Have dinner with her friend. C. Practise playing football. 7. When will the speakers meet outside the Kent Theater? A. At eight this Thursday. B. At six this Saturday. C. At seven next Tuesday. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What does the man offer to do? A. Lend his umbrella to the woman. B. Get the woman’s umbrella for her. C. Do the presentation for the woman. 9. What is the woman probably going to do right away? A. Go for the presentation. B. Wait for the man. C. Study in the library. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 10. Why is the woman moving to London? A. To live together with her parents. B. To get further education. C. To work in a new place. 11. Why does the woman decide to leave her dog behind? A. She doesn't like him any more. B. Her parents don't allow her to take him. C. Her dog may not be used to the new environment. 12. Where does the woman live now? A. In a big city. B. In a town. C. In a small village. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 13. What is the woman doing? A. Asking for some advice. B. Having a job interview. C. Getting more information. 14. What is the woman's major? A. Literature. B. Public administration. C. Education. 15. Why was the woman out of school for six months during high school? A. She was badly ill. B. She received tennis training. C. Her father took her to America. 16. What was the woman's part-time job at college? A. Designing things. B. Teaching English. C. Working as a tour guide. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17. Where is the National Park? A. In the east of the city. B. In the north of the city. C. In the south of the city. 18. Why should the listeners hike with a partner? A. To cut expenses. B. To ensure their safety. C. To make the trip more enjoyable. 19. What is the speaker’s third suggestion about? A. What to wear. B. How to contact others. C. What to eat and drink. 20. What does the speaker mention at last? A. Preventing the areas from being harmed. B. Bringing something home as a souvenir. C. Planting some flowers if possible. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed. Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange is effective. Students who successfully complete the programme will receive one credit each. Requirements for completion: •One welcoming session on the second Friday of the term •18 weekly one-hour pair meetings •Weekly progress reports for all pair meetings •At least three pair-teacher meetings •One five-minute final video Sign up! The sign-up and registration process is as follows: •Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning. •Based on the information entered by each student, potential pairs are identified. •Proficiency (熟练) levels are confirmed through coursework or placement tests. •Once a pair has been determined to be suitable, the students will be contacted individually with a special permission number to register for the programme. Reminders: Signing up for the programme does not automatically mean that you will be able to register and participate. Pairs are matched by languages of interest and proficiency levels. Since there are many factors involved in the pairing process, not all students who sign up will be matched with a partner and be able to register for the programme. 21．In the programme, students will _________. A．chair daily meetings B．evaluate the exchange C．meet teachers each week D．practise their language skills 22．To complete the programme, students are required to _________. A．development tests B．participate in pair meetings C．welcome new students D．work on weekly videos 23．What do students need to do during the registration? A．Indicate their languages of interest. B．Select their own coursework. C．Make individual contact. D．Choose their partners. B As a fully bilingual Latina raising multicultural skids, I have always imagined myself passing down the Spanish language to them. I’ve had to think of more creative ways to get them excited about learning the language. Earlier this year we decided to take a Spanish immersion trip to Punta Cana in the Dominican Republic. We stayed at the Lopesan Costa Bavaro, a 5-star, all-inclusive hotel to make travel. and family activities a lot easier. To me, language is about more than just the words themselves; I want to teach them to value the world and: its many cultures. So the goal of the trip was to primarily speak to my kids in Spanish and offer them an enriching travel experience. I blocked out two-to-three-hour windows to speak to them only in Spanish. each: day and found that they became curious about the language and kept asking me how to translate words, even when we weren’t in practice mode. One of their favorite spots in the hotel was the ice cream shop. The kids learned what to call the sweet treat in Spanish (helado) and asked how to say the different ice cream flavors in Spanish too. The most important part of the immersion trip was to have fun and to set realistic expectations about their language development journey. My kids weren’t going to leave the trip being fully bilingual, but the goal was to spark their interest and create a positive learning experience. For me, it was also a reminder to let go of the bilingual parenting pressure I constantly put on myself. So much of passing down a language requires planning and consistency, which can be hard to keep up with at times — and that’s OK. Once we got home, my son asked us to download the app Duolingo on our devices so he could continue practicing his Spanish. And I still make it a point to occasionally shift to Spanish and teach them new words: little by little, poco a poco. 24．What was the main purpose of the author’s trip to Punta Cana? A．To enjoy an expensive hotel. B．To teach her kids Spanish through immersion. C．To explore the culture of the Dominican Republic. D．To visit family members living there. 25．How did the author teach her children Spanish during the trip? A．By playing games with them. B．By having them speak Spanish for two to three hours daily. C．By enrolling them in a language school. D．By speaking only Spanish for two to three hours daily. 26．What lesson did the author learn regarding bilingual parenting? A．It is vital to set strict language rules. B．Language learning is not important for cultural identity. C．Children should only learn one language at a time. D．It requires patience, planning, and consistency. 27．What does the author imply about her children’s language development? A．They generate a strong passion for Spanish. B．They became fluent in Spanish by the end of the trip. C．They have formed a habit of learning Spanish after the trip. D．They found Spanish too easy to learn. C Understanding a simple-looking sentence like “I read this article yesterday” actually requires complex processing of subject, action, object, and time. Yet the human brain does this almost instantaneously based on grammatical rules, says linguist Martin of the Max Planck Institute. His team found that the brain adapts to basic grammatical differences across languages by adjusting how it processes each sentence. Their recent study observed variations in Dutch- speaking participants’ brain waves while they listened to a Dutch-language audiobook by means of measuring how many new “predictions” the brain makes of words that could come next in a sentence. Interestingly, they found that, unlike previous English- based studies, which supported a “wait and see” model where listeners understand phrases only after they end, Dutch participants showed a strong tendency toward a highly predictive model- mentally completing phrases before they were finished. In Dutch language structure, verbs sometimes come near the end of a sentence rather than immediately after the subject like they do in English, explains study lead author Cas W. Coopmans, which suggests this seemingly unrealistically delay probably encourages more predictive sentence processing. However, he emphasizes that neither parsing (语法分析) strategy is necessarily better or worse. Instead, people adapt their processing style to fit the structure of the language they’re using, showing the brain’s flexibility across languages. The findings highlight the need for more diverse subjects in linguistic research, says linguist Jixing Li, who focuses on how brain activity differs when processing languages like English and Chinese due to structural differences. Studying only neurotypical English speakers can miss key variations and limit model accuracy. Diversifying subjects in studies of how the brain processes language “is going to help us capture how the brain is understanding the structured meaning of language, and the social utility of language, in many different ways,” Martin says. “There’s so much yet to be understood in the brain.” 28．What does the underlined word “instantaneously” in paragraph 1 probably mean? A．immediately. B．constantly C．regularly D．currently 29．According to the study, what can be inferred about Dutch-speaking participants? A．Their brains work more actively than English speakers. B．Their brain activity is less predictable than that of English speakers. C．They struggle to understand complicated sentences as verbs appear late. D．They prefer to guess upcoming words while listening to spoken language. 30．What message does Coopmans’ words convey? A．Delayed words confuse Dutch speakers. B．Dutch verbs come closely after the subject. C．People process different languages with the same procedure. D．Parsing strategy is not that important in understanding a language. 31．What can be learnt from the last two paragraphs? A．Diversifying subjects is necessary in linguistic research. B．Diversifying subjects helps understand the social utility. C．How the brain processes language has been fully settled. D．Studying neurotypical English speakers can miss variation. D Knowledge of your native language feels different to other sorts of knowledge. It feels like it should be solid and stable and that it shouldn’t deteriorate when not used. Like your favorite childhood teddy bear, it might collect dust, but it shouldn’t be lost. It’s discomforting and unusual to feel a loss of control over this knowledge, which we believe to be so deeply fixed within our brains. To many peoples, the thought of losing one’s mother tongue may seem strange. That same feeling can be felt whenever a word skips the mind and eludes the tongue. So is it really possible to forget your mother tongue? When we learn a foreign language, we do it through our mother tongue (often termed the L1). The L1 is the linguistic (语言) system that we acquire during babyhood, and it enables us to learn a foreign language (L2). We translate L2 words and often put them into L1 grammatical structures. Little by little, the new language takes root in our minds. We start to become accustomed to the new sounds, and we begin to use the language in a more direct and automatic way, without necessarily having to reference the original language. Different linguistic systems can be active at the same time in the brain. Language attrition (磨蚀) can occur due to these languages impacting upon one another. Depending on the frequency with which the linguistic systems are activated, one can become dominant while the other sinks into the depths of our memory in such a way that it becomes difficult for our brain to recall it. This is called L1 attrition. L1 attrition is governed by two main factors: the increasing use and dominance of the L2, and the reduction of exposure to the L1. This attrition tends to make itself evident in the reduction of the speaker’s vocabulary, while knowledge of structure and sound remains more stable. A speaker’s attitude and motivation toward his or her new and native languages can also have an effect on language attrition. 32．What does the underlined word “eludes” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Escapes from. B．Sticks to. C．Mixes up with. D．Makes use of. 33．What happens when we begin to learn L2, according to the text? A．We make progress in L1, too. B．We still use the grammatic structures of L1. C．We tend to translate L1 words into L2 words. D．We find the sounds of L2 hard to get accustomed to. 34．Language attrition happens because of ______. A．memory deterioration B．reduced use of the language C．translation between languages D．loss of control over our learning 35．What is a result of L1 attrition? A．Confusion of L1 and L2 structures. B．The speaker’s positive attitude to L2. C．Decrease of the speaker’s L1 vocabulary. D．The speaker’s difficulty in recalling his knowledge. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Learning a new language is more than a skill. It gives you an opportunity to understand other cultures. 36 . Choose a language This is a personal decision. 37 If you enjoy studying Japanese history and culture, you may want to add Japanese to the list. Perhaps you’re planning to vacation in Brazil and decide to learn Portuguese before the trip. Maybe you live in an area with many Spanish speakers and believe being bilingual (双语的) will increase your job opportunities. 38 This is important because you need to know which words to use to express yourself and understand what you hear and see. According to the International Center for Language Studies, knowing between 4,000 and 10,000 words in a language typically makes you an advanced speaker. Accept mistakes Mistakes are a common part of the process when learning a language. You may choose the wrong word, change vowel sounds, or use the present tense form of a verb when talking about something that happened last week. When you make a mistake, pay attention to the advice you get. 39 . Set aside time to practice 40 . According to the US Department of State’s Foreign Service Institute, a native English speaker typically needs between 600 and 750 class hours to learn languages like Dutch, French, Italian, and Spanish. You’ll spend around 900 class hours learning German, Haitian Creole, and Swahili. Sometimes you need to learn languages with fewer features in common with English. Then you’d better put in at least 1,100 class hours. A．Build your vocabulary B．Keep trying before setting a goal C．Focus on the 100 most commonly used words D．Try out these steps for how to learn a new language E．Learning a new language takes time and needs regular practice F．Your interests, needs, and goals can help you narrow your choices G．For example, the person you’re talking to may correct your grammar or vocabulary choice 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 “It is never too late and you are never too 41 to start something new!” said Ellen Rema. She began to learn 42 at the age of fifty. In just a few years, she made a lot of progress. 43 no evening classes were offered in the area Ellen lived in, she 44 to study online. She took an English course on the Internet. Ellen began with easy courses and studied hard. “My son always said, ‘Mom, you are a bit   45 ’. He couldn’t understand why I spent so many hours 46 , but I love it” She said. “Maybe I wanted to do too much in a short time. I   47 all my courses after two years, but I found I still had difficulties with grammar.” Instead of 48 , she chose to continue. After another two years, she’s still studying in the online classroom. But now to make her English better, she has set new 49 for herself. “Studying online is 50 boring, but you need self-discipline,” said Ellen. “If you really want to learn, never give up when you face 51 and when you think you haven’t made any 52 . Ellen said studying English wasn’t all about hard work. “It was fun. I have learned so much about other cultures and 53 .’’ She said. Ellen had been able to put her English to 54 by visiting England five times. “I’m very thankful to the Internet. My life has been 55 .” 41．A．big B．small C．old D．young 42．A．painting B．English C．dancing D．computer 43．A．Although B．Before C．Because D．Until 44．A．chose B．volunteered C．advised D．refused 45．A．lazy B．careless C．nervous D．crazy 46．A．discussing B．studying C．traveling D．preparing 47．A．started B．forgot C．finished D．remembered 48．A．giving up B．putting up C．taking up D．cheering up 49．A．goals B．examples C．books D．bikes 50．A．even B．also C．ever D．never 51．A．enemies B．difficulties C．chances D．challenges 52．A．reasons B．progress C．business D．decisions 53．A．people B．families C．languages D．traditions 54．A．use B．learn C．speak D．talk 55．A．easy B．boring C．different D．difficult 第二节（共10小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Learning a language is usually 56 (difference) from learning other subjects. It includes a lot of practice and follow-ups. When 57 (talk) about my personal experience, I would say that I have a rich experience in learning English 58 a second language. I learned English for ten years starting from Grade Seven to graduation from university. After graduation, I felt that I should improve my language skills. Therefore, I made a lot of efforts personally to increase my fluency. Until now I still learn the language. Indeed, learning a language 59 (take) a lifetime. I still remember my English teachers who 60 (change) frequently (频繁地) in 61 beginning, but all of them had much in common — They used grammar-translation method. They used to write bilingual (双语) lists of words on board, and then we, as students, 62 (ask) to copy these lists and memorize them by heart. All teaching focused on reading and writing skills, but there were no 63 (activity) focusing on speaking or listening. Now, I still don’t fully know how 64 (use) the English language like using idioms and the proper form of vocabulary. Idioms have many connotations (言外意义) in the English language. Sometimes I use an idiom and I mean something, but the connotation of the idiom means something else. Besides, I should also study harder to use certain vocabulary 65 (correct). To my mind, I have not reached that point. 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假如你是李华，将和全班同学分享学习英语的方法，请你以此为主题写一篇英文演讲稿。内容包括： 1. 具体建议及理由； 2. 表达期待。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Good morning, everyone! I’m Li Hua. It’s my honor to share some practical ways of learning English. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料：根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As a shy student in high school, I’d always been afraid of speaking English in public. Countless times, I had practiced perfect English conversations in my mind, but when it came to the real thing, I would freeze and couldn’t say anything. What if I messed up the grammar? What if my native language accent sounded too strong? My hands would get sweaty, and my voice would tremble (颤抖) whenever my teacher called my name in class. I envied my classmates who could chat fluently with native speakers, but I felt trapped by my own self-doubt. One sunny afternoon, I was looking through books in a local bookstore. Golden sunlight streamed through the bookstore’s large windows, casting warm light over the rows of bookshelves. It was quiet with not many customers. The soft low sound of customers turning through pages and the slight smell of freshly printed paper filled the air. While searching for an illustrated book in front of the bookshelf, I heard a tense conversation at the checkout counter. A foreign customer stood there, holding a piece of paper covered in messy Chinese handwriting. He gestured wildly, trying to explain something to the shopkeeper, who stared back in total confusion, with a polite yet helpless smile on her face. The customer’s face turned red with annoyance, while the shopkeeper just shook her head, clearly lost. My heart raced as I realized they were speaking English. Every part of me wanted to run, but my feet felt glued to the floor. A storm of thoughts exploded in my mind: What if I’m just embarrassing myself? What if I can’t even understand them? I stood frozen, trapped in a mental fight between fear and the urge to help. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 After what felt like ages, I took a deep breath and approached them ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When the shopkeeper finally found the right volume, the customer thanked me sincerely. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第11页（共8页） 试题 第12页（共8页） 试题 第9页（共8页） 试题 第10页（共8页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$