Unit5-6-语法讲练测（专项训练）-2025-2026学年译林版（三起）（2012）英语六年级上册

译林版-六上（新版）Unit5-6-语法讲练测 【核心语法】 1、 核心语法点及总结 Unit 5 Signs 1. 标志语表达 • 以No开头： ◦ 结构：用于表达禁止某种行为，后接动词时，动词需变为ing形式 （构成“No + 动词ing”结构）； 后接名词时，用可数名词复数形式，即“No + 可数名词复数”。 ◦ 示例：“No swimming”（禁止游泳）；“No pets”（禁止宠物入内）；“No photos”（禁止拍照）。 • 以don't/do not开头： ◦ 结构：同样用于表达禁止，后面直接接动词原形，形成“don't/do not + 动词原形”的结构。 ◦ 示例：“Do not touch”（请勿触摸），“Don't run”（请勿奔跑） • 以动词原形开头： ◦ 结构：此类标志语直接以动词原形开始，用于发出指令或要求。 ◦ 示例：“Be quiet”（保持安静），“Keep off the grass”（请勿践踏草坪） 。 练习题： • 单选题 （ ）1. The sign “No ______” means we can't take pictures here. A. photo B. photos C. take photo D. taking photo （ ）2. “Do not ______” means you can't talk loudly here. A. speak B. speaking C. speaks D. to speak （ ）3. The sign “______ quiet” tells us we should not make noise. A. Be B. Is C. Are D. Being （ ）4. “No ______” means you can't drive your car here. A. park B. parking C. parks D. to park （ ）5. Which sign means “you can't eat here”? A. No eat B. Do not eating C. No eating D. Do not eats • 填空题 6. The sign “No ______ (fish)” means fishing is not allowed here. 7. “Do not ______ (enter)” means you can't go into this room. 8. ______ (stay) away from the fire! It's dangerous. 9. “No ______ (run)” means you should walk slowly here. 10. The sign “______ (look) out” tells us to be careful. 2. 询问标志含义句型 • 单数形式： ◦ 句型结构：What does it/this/that sign mean? 用于询问单个标志的含义。 其中，“it”指代前文提到过的标志，“this”表示距离较近的“这个”标志，“that”表示距离较远的“那个”标志 。 ◦ 回答方式：It means (that) you can/can't... 。 “It”指代标志，“means”表示“意思是”，后面接从句说明标志所表达的具体含义，“you can...”表示可以做某事，“you can't...”表示禁止做某事。 • 复数形式： ◦ 句型结构：What do these/those signs mean? 用于询问多个标志的含义 “these”指距离较近的“这些”标志，“those”指距离较远的“那些”标志。 ◦ 回答方式：They mean (that) you can/can't... “They”指代多个标志，其他部分与单数回答类似。 练习 • 单选题 （ ）1. —______ does that sign mean? —It means you can't smoke. A. What B. How C. Where D. When （ ）2. —What ______ these signs mean? —They mean we can park here. A. do B. does C. is D. are （ ）3. —What does the sign mean? —______ means we can cross the road. A. They B. It C. This D. That • 填空题 4. —What ______ this sign mean? —It means you can drink here. 5. —What do ______ signs mean? —They mean we should be quiet. • 连词成句 6. mean, that, what, does, sign (?) _______________________________________ 7. they, mean, can't, you, swim, that (.) ___________________________________________ 8. these, what, do, mean, signs (?) _______________________________________________ • 改错题 9. What do that sign mean? _______________________________________ 10. They means you can't park here. ________________________________________________ 3. 情态动词 • 常见情态动词： ◦ would：常用于表达意愿，构成“would like to do sth”结构，表示“想要做某事” 。 例如，“I would like to have an ice - cream.”（我想吃一个冰淇淋），表达主语的主观愿望。 ◦ shouldn't：是“should not”的缩写，意为“不应该”，用于表达一种建议或义务的否定，即认为某人不应该做某事。 如，“You shouldn't play with fire.”（你不应该玩火）。 ◦ can：主要含义为“能够，会”，表示具备某种能力。 例如，“I can ride a bike.”（我会骑自行车），表明主语有骑自行车的技能；也可表示许可，“Can I go outside?”（我可以出去吗？），询问是否被允许做某事。 ◦ may：意思是“可以，允许”，常用于请求许可。 例如，“May I use your pen?”（我可以用你的钢笔吗？），礼貌地征求对方同意。 • 特点： ◦ 无人称和数的变化：无论主语是第一人称（I, we）、第二人称（you）还是第三人称（he, she, it, they等），情态动词本身形式不变。 如，“He can play football.”和“I can play football.”中，“can”形式不随主语变化。 ◦ 后接动词原形：情态动词后面必须接动词原形，共同构成谓语部分。 例如，“She should go to school on time.”中，“should”后接动词原形“go”。 ◦ 变一般疑问句：将情态动词提到句子开头，句末用问号。 如，“Can you swim?”（你会游泳吗？），把“can”提前构成疑问句。 ◦ 变否定句：在情态动词后面加not，有的可以缩写。 “should not”缩写为“shouldn't” ，“can not”缩写为“can't”，“would not”缩写为“wouldn't” 。例如，“I can't play the piano.”（我不会弹钢琴） 。 练习题： • 单选题 （ ）1. You ______ play with fire. It's dangerous. A. can B. may C. mustn't D. should （ ）2. ______ I use your pen? I left mine at home. A. Must B. May C. Should D. Would （ ）3. She ______ like to eat some apples. A. would B. will C. shall D. can • 填空题 4. We ______ (not can) walk on the grass. 5. You ______ (should) be late for school. • 适当形式填空 6. They ______ (may) go to the park tomorrow. 7. My brother ______ (would) like ______ (ride) a bike. • 改错题 8. He can swimming in the pool. __________________________________________ 9. You shouldn't to talk in class. ____________________________________________ 10. Would you like eat some bread? ________________________________________________ Unit 6 Keep our city clean 1. keep的用法 • 系动词用法： ◦ keep + 形容词：表示“保持(某种状态)”。 例如，“Please keep quiet.”（请保持安静），“quiet”为形容词，描述需要保持的安静状态； “We should keep healthy.”（我们应该保持健康），“healthy”表示保持健康的状态 。 ◦ keep sb./sth. + 形容词：意思是“使某人/某物保持……”。 比如，“Good habits will keep our body healthy.”（好习惯会使我们的身体保持健康），“our body”是宾语，“healthy”用来补充说明使身体保持的健康状态；“Keep the room clean.”（保持房间干净），“the room”是宾语，“clean”表明要使房间保持干净的状态。 • 实义动词用法： ◦ keep + 动词 -ing形式：意为“坚持；继续”，后面接动词时，动词要用ing形式作宾语 。 例如，“Keep (on) reading English every day.”（每天坚持读英语），强调持续不断地进行读英语这个动作；“She keeps running in the morning.”（她早上坚持跑步），表示她持续进行跑步这一行为。 ◦ keep + 名词或代词：意思是“保留，留着”。 例如，“Can I keep this book for a week?”（这本书我可以借一周吗？），“this book”是名词作宾语，表达能否保留这本书一周；“Keep the change.”（零钱不用找了），“the change”为名词，意思是把零钱留下。 练习题： • 单选题 （ ）1. We should ______ our classroom clean every day. A. keep B. keeps C. keeping D. to keep （ ）2. They keep ______ English in the morning. A. read B. reading C. reads D. to read （ ）3. Please keep ______ quiet in the library. A. you B. your C. yourselves D. yours • 填空题 4. We must keep the water ______ (clean). 5. My mother keeps me ______ (practise) the piano every day. • 适当形式填空 6. Keep ______ (walk) straight, and you'll find the shop. 7. Can you keep ______ (this) books for me? • 改错题 8. He keeps his desk messily. ________________________________________ 9. They like keep running in the park. _______________________________________ 10. We should keep to quiet in the cinema. _____________________________________________ 2. make的用法 • make sb./sth. + 形容词：表示“使某人/某物变得……”。 例如，“Smoke from cars makes the air dirty.”（汽车尾气使空气变脏）； “The noise makes me angry.”（噪音使我生气）。 • make sb. do sth.：意思是“让某人做某事”。 例如，“My mother makes me clean my room every day.”（妈妈让我每天打扫我的房间）； “The teacher makes the students read English every morning.”（老师让学生们每天早上读英语）。 练习题： • 单选题 （ ）1. The bad news makes her ______. A. sad B. sadly C. sadness D. sads （ ）2. My teacher makes us ______ English every day. A. read B. reads C. reading D. to read （ ）3. Noise ______ people angry. A. make B. makes C. making D. to make • 填空题 4. The rain makes the ground ______ (wet). 5. His story makes us ______ (laugh) loudly. • 适当形式填空 6. Rubbish ______ (make) the street dirty. 7. The film made her ______ (cry). • 改错题 8. He makes his sister to wash dishes. _____________________________________ 9. The good news make us happy. __________________________________________ 10. Smoking makes the air badly. ______________________________________________ 3. 重点句型 • What makes sth/sb + 形容词？：此句型用于询问“什么使……变得……？”。例如，“What makes our city dirty?”（什么使我们的城市变脏了？）； “What makes you so happy?”（什么让你这么开心？）。 • What can + 主语 + do to + keep sth + 形容词？：意思是“为了保持……我们可以做什么？”。 例如，“What can we do to keep our city clean?”（为了保持我们的城市干净，我们可以做什么？）； “What can they do to keep the classroom tidy?”（他们可以做些什么来保持教室整洁？）。 练习题： • 单选题 （ ）1. ______ makes the park so beautiful? A. What B. Who C. Where D. How （ ）2. What can we do ______ keep the air clean? A. for B. to C. with D. in • 填空题 3. ______ makes the classroom messy? 4. What can they do ______ (keep) the park tidy? • 连词成句 5. makes, what, dirty, the, river (?) _______________________________________ 6. do, to, can, what, we, clean, keep, home, our (?) __________________________________________ • 改错题 7. What make your clothes dirty? ___________________________________________ 8. What can she does to keep the room clean? ________________________________________________ 9. They are thinking what to do keep the street clean. ________________________________________________ 10. What makes he so sad? ________________________________________ 答案 U5: 1. 标志语表达 • 1-5：BACBC • 6：fishing • 7：enter • 8：Stay • 9：running • 10：Look 2. 询问标志含义句型 • 1-3：AAB • 4：does • 5：those • 6：What does that sign mean? • 7：They mean that you can't swim. • 8：What do these signs mean? • 9：do改为does • 10：means改为mean 3. 情态动词 • 1-3：CBA • 4：can't • 5：shouldn't • 6：may • 7：would；to ride • 8：swimming改为swim • 9：去掉to • 10：eat改为to eat U6: 1. keep的用法 • 1-3：ABC • 4：clean • 5：practising • 6：walking • 7：these • 8：messily改为messy • 9：keep改为keeping • 10：去掉to 2. make的用法 • 1-3：AAB • 4：wet • 5：laugh • 6：makes • 7：cry • 8：去掉to • 9：make改为makes • 10：badly改为bad 3. 重点句型 • 1-2：AB • 3：What • 4：to keep • 5：What makes the river dirty? • 6：What can we do to keep our home clean? • 7：make改为makes • 8：does改为do • 9：keep前加to • 10：he改成him 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$