Unit 4 My Space （单元测试卷）英语沪教版2020必修第一册

2025-2026学年高一必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit 4（参考答案） I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） 1-5 BBDDD 6-10 BBBCC 11-13 BDA 14-16 BCB 17-20 BCBC II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A（语法填空） 21．endangered 22． would devote 23．can 24．was awarded 25．largest 26． to recognise 27．Despite 28． unless 29．teaching 30．It Section B（选词填空） 31．E 32．F 33．B 34．H 35．G 36．D 37．J 38．K 39．I 40．C III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-55每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A（完形填空） 41．B 42．B 43．A 44．D 45．B 46．D 47．C 48．C 49．A 50．C 51．A 52．D 53．D 54．C 55．B Section B （阅读理解） 56．C 57．D 58．C 59．A 60．C 61．C 62．A 63．A 64．C 65．C 66．A Section C（六选四） 67．B 68．F 69．A 70．D IV.Summary Writing（写作概要）(共20分) 71.Here are some tips for distance learners to stay motivated. Firstly, discussing studies with a friend or relative to better understand the material and stay motivated. Secondly, tracking progress visually by designing a map of completed classes. Finally, setting up a reward system for good coursework performance in order to stick to your system. V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)（翻译） 72.When it comes to what appeals to her to volunteer in the country school, she is enthusiastic about education/ she is keen on education, believing/convinced that education can ensure the kids a safe and sound life. 73.Women, in particular, hold the belief that the more silver they wear, the more beautiful and wealthy they will look. 74.In a foreign country, what prevents me from fitting into the locals/the new environment/going native was not the culture gap/difference, but the inability/failure to have a bite of Shanghai cuisine/food/dishes that I had been familiar with/that was familiar to me since childhood. 75.If the school textbooks across China are recycled for an additional year every year, the saving costs can help build about 40000 Hope Primary Schools. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 作文 Dear Mrs. Wang, When conveyed that you are soliciting opinions concerning designing summer homework, I feel delighted and hasten to express my suggestions and opinions. To begin with, I think it is a better form to complete a sentence with the correct words, because in this way can we check whether we have mastered the words we have learned this term. More importantly, writing in English reflects students’ comprehensive learning of the English language. Thus I strongly suggest that you put this form of homework on your list. I think it will be very helpful to the students. I hope that you can take my suggestions into consideration. And I have the confidence that the homework you will give us will be reasonable and practical. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年高一必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit 4 My Space 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Painting B. Photography C. Playing guitar D. Cooking 2. A. Rainy days B. Sunny days C. Cloudy days D. Snowy days 3. A. Graduated B. Got married C. Bought a house D. Got promoted 4. A. Paris B. Tokyo C. Rome D. Athens 5. A. Shopping B. Eating C. Reading D. Working out 6. A. Travel plans B. Career goals C. Relationship status D. Hobbies 7. A. Dragon Rolls B. Sashimi C. Salmon Rolls D. Tempura Rolls 8. A. Business Administration B. Environmental Science C. Computer Science D. Psychology 9. A. Entertainment only B. Medical purposes C. Education and training D. Virtual tourism 10. A. Improving health B. Building muscle C. Flexibility D. Weight loss Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Once a day B. Twice a day C. Three times a day D. Every other day 12. A. To improve digestion B. To prevent bad breath C. To enhance tooth surface D. To reduce the risk of decayed tooth 13. A. Early detection of issues B. Emergency tooth extraction C. Teeth whitening procedures D. Improving gum health Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Cooking at home with the help of family B. Quick and convenient access to favorite meals C. Dining out regularly so as to have balanced nutrition D. Avoiding all junk food which only tastes nice 15. A. Slow preparation and nice cooking B. Accurate delivery time estimates C. Quick preparation and delivery D. Unlimited menu options to be confusing 16. A. Limited choices B. Providing various tastes and preferences C. Only offering pizza and burgers D. Exclusively featuring local foods Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Keep all copies in hotel safe for important documents B. Make copies and leave one set with someone back home C. Don't make copies to avoid misplacement D. Share copies with fellow travelers 18. A. Use local SIM cards so as to get touch with family quickly B. Check in only when changing countries C. Use messaging apps and a local SIM card for emergencies D. Avoid communication to focus on the trip 19. A. Always carry large amounts of cash B. Use RFID-blocking wallets and backpacks C. Avoid crowded areas entirely D. Trust strangers to watch your belongings 20. A. Avoid vaccinations and bring your own food for health purpose. B. Eat and drink anything available, especially those with local flavors C. Explore information on vaccinations and health guidelines. D. Don't worry about staying thirsty. II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） 语法与词汇 Section A（语法填空） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The moment Alok Shukla first saw the forest in central India stretching out before him, he knew two things immediately. One: that this forest—known as the lungs of Chhattisgarh, home to thousands of local people, 21 (endanger) animals and rare plants—was one of the most beautiful places he had ever seen. And two: that he 22 (devote) his life to protecting it from being destroyed by big companies. The only question was, how? Twelve years later, Alok 23 smile at the memory. After all, what he has achieved in the past years has been impressive. On Monday, the 43-year-old 24 (award) the Goldman Environmental Prize, which was widely known as the green Nobel. Back in 2012, the Hasdeo Aranya forest in Chhattisgarh was under threat, because of its rich coal deposits (矿床). In India, the world’s second 25 (large) consumer of coal after China, those deposits are highly valuable. But the value of the forest to the local people was incalculable to Alok. He wasn’t the only one 26 (recognize) the value of the land: local government had declared that the forest should be protected a few years earlier. 27 this, so-called coal areas in the forest were put up for public sale. Alok realized they were sure to lose the battle 28 everyone came together. Out of this, the Save Hasdeo Aranya Committee (委员会) was set up, 29 (teach) people about the local laws and rights available. 30 also joined the different groups together effectively for the first time. Alok hopes winning the Goldman prize will inspire other movements globally—and once again focus attention on the forest. “Any tree being cut in Hasdeo Aranya is wrong, and our effort will be to save every tree.” he vows. Section B（选词填空） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．maximum    B．source   C． keeping   D．complex     E. sound   F. excessive G. simplest   H. appeal   I. highlight   J. streamlining   K. core MUJI products came into being in the early 1980s as a result of a new mood, calling for a return to simplicity in daily life. Our aim was — and still is — to provide our customers all over the world with the fundamental things they need to live a busy, modern, urban lifestyle. These things must be made from good, 31 materials, with no unnecessary frills or fancies and must sell at a reasonable price. Our clothes must feel good on, our stationery must be practical and our household goods must be easy to use. This may seem elementary but it has always been a primary goal to ensure that MUJI customers should never pay for what they can’t use—i. e. added extras and fancy packaging. So, at MUJI you’ll find no 32 prices, just simple, sound products you can afford, so simple in fact, they don’t even carry a brand name. This is in direct contrast to the usual marketing ploy of producing heavily branded, expensively designed, over packaged goods. At MUJI we pride ourselves on being different. Moreover, our products are made from materials which we 33 on a global scale, not because we think an exotic origin sounds more exciting than one on our doorstep but because we are committed to using the best available material, wherever it comes from. Using these superior materials, we design our products so that their simplicity brings out their inherent 34 , both of the material they’re made from and the products themselves. Finally, we present our products in the   35 of packaging — if any at all ——which neither masks nor makes them look any more than they are. As a result, the quality and credence of each product are self-evident. As life gets more 36 , the need for simple lifestyle becomes all the more necessary. To find these, look no further than MUJI. The Company’s basic principle is to develop new simple products at reasonable prices by making the best use of materials while considering environmental issues. Through the careful selection of materials, 37 manufacturing processes and simplifying our packaging, we have continually introduced high quality MUJI brand products onto the market, at lower than usual prices. For the materials, the 38 selection criteria is always quality. These activities underpin our ability to create low-priced, high-quality products. When packaging products, MUJI seeks not to decorate them but rather to 39 their natural colors and shapes. For this reason, we use bulk packaging and place products in plain, uniform containers. Faithful to our philosophy of simplicity, this approach is also in 40 with our policy of conserving resources and reducing waste. Thus, all MUJI products appear on store shelves in simple packaging bearing only product-related information and a price tag. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A（完形填空） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context We have no idea what the job market will look like in 2050. It is generally agreed that machine learning and robotics will 41 almost every line of work — from producing yoghurt to teaching yoga. 42 , there are conflicting views about the nature of the change and its urgency. Some believe that within only a decade or two, billions of people will become 43 redundant (多余的). Others think that, even in the long run 44 will keep creating new jobs and will provide greater future for all. So, are we really facing a terrifying sudden change, or are such 45 meant to attract people’s attention? It is hard to say. Fears that automation will create considerable 46 go back to the 19’century, and so far they have never come true. Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, for every job lost to a machine at least one new job was 47 , and the average standard of living has increased greatly. Yet, there are good reasons to think that this time is different, and that machine learning will be a real 48 . Humans have two types of abilities — physical and cognitive (认知的). In the past, machines competed with humans mainly in 49 abilities, while humans still had a great advantage over machines in cognitive. 50 , as physical jobs in agriculture and industry were automated, new service jobs appeared that required the kind of cognitive skills only humans possess. They include learning, 51 , communicating and, above all else, understanding human emotions. However, AI is now beginning to 52 humans in more and more of these skills, including the understanding of human emotions. We don’t know of any third field of activity — beyond the physical and the cognitive — where humans will always have a secure 53 . It is important to realize that AI revolution is not just about computers getting faster and smarter. It is also one that is being 54 by our breakthroughs in the life sciences and the social sciences as well. The better we understand the biochemical mechanisms (机制) that support human desires and choices, the better computers can become at analyzing human emotions, predicting human decisions, and 55 human drivers, bankers and lawyers. 41．A．carve B．change C．replace D．threaten 42．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Likewise 43．A．economically B．psychologically C．environmentally D．socially 44．A．urbanization B．cooperation C．competition D．automation 45．A．outcomes B．forecasts C．excuses D．reflections 46．A．damage B．emergency C．production D．unemployment 47．A．dumped B．shelved C．created D．testified 48．A．trouble-maker B．time-saver C．game-changer D．truth-seeker 49．A．physical B．mental C．social D．mathematical 50．A．By contrast B．For example C．As a result D．In addition 51．A．analyzing B．copying C．walking D．measuring 52．A．go in for B．make do with C．turn away from D．catch up with 53．A．environment B．connection C．estimation D．advantage 54．A．dampened B．defined C．fueled D．doubted 55．A．appealing B．replacing C．standardizing D．diversifying Section B （阅读理解） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) States will be able to force more people to pay sales tax when they make online purchases under a Supreme Court decision Thursday that will leave shoppers with lighter wallets but is a big financial win for states. The Supreme Court’s opinion Thursday overruled a pair of decades-old decisions that states said cost them billions of dollars in lost revenue annually. The decisions made it more difficult for states to collect sales tax on certain online purchases. The cases the court overturned said that if a business was shipping a customer’s purchase to a state where the business didn’t have a physical presence such as a warehouse or office, the business didn’t have to collect sales tax for the state. Customers were generally responsible for paying the sales tax to the state themselves if they weren’t charged it, but most didn’t realize they owed it and few paid. Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote that the previous decisions were flawed. “Each year the physical presence rule becomes further removed from economic reality and results in significant revenue losses to the States,” he wrote in an opinion joined by four other justices. Kennedy wrote that the rule “limited States’ ability to seek long-term prosperity and has prevented market participants from competing on an even playing field.” The ruling is a victory for big chains with a presence in many states, since they usually collect sales tax on online purchases already. Now, rivals will be charging sales tax where they hadn’t before. Big chains have been collecting sales tax nationwide because they typically have physical stores in whatever state a purchase is being shipped to. Amazon.com, with its network of warehouses, also collects sales tax in every state that charges it, though third-party sellers who use the site don’t have to. Until now, many sellers that have a physical presence in only a single state or a few states have been able to avoid charging sales taxes when they ship to addresses outside those states. Sellers that use eBay and Etsy, which provide platforms for smaller sellers, also haven’t been collecting sales tax nationwide. Under the ruling Thursday, states can pass laws requiring out-of-state sellers to collect the state’s sales tax from customers and send it to the state. Retail trade groups praised the ruling, saying it levels the playing field for local and online businesses. The losers, said retail analyst Neil Saunders, are online-only retailers, especially smaller ones. Those retailers may face headaches complying with various state sales tax laws. The Small Business & Entrepreneurship Council advocacy group said in a statement, “Small businesses and internet entrepreneurs are not well served at all by this decision.” 56．The Supreme Court decision Thursday will ______. A．better businesses’ relations with states B．put most online businesses in a dilemma C．make more online shoppers pay sales tax D．force some states to cut sales tax 57．It can be learned from paragraphs 2 and 3 that the overruled decisions ______. A．have led to the dominance of e-commerce B．have cost consumers a lot over the years C．were widely criticized by online purchasers D．were considered unfavorable by states 58．According to Justice Anthony Kennedy, the physical presence rule has ______. A．hindered economic development B．brought prosperity to the country C．harmed fair market competition D．boosted growth in states revenue 59．In dealing with the Supreme Court decision Thursday, the author ______. A．gives a factual account of it and discusses its consequences B．describes the long and complicated process of its making C．presents its main points with conflicting views on them D．cites some cases related to it and analyzes their implications (B) NEW STORY CONTEST Ah, the New Year — a time for visiting friends and family as we ring out the old, ring in the new and imagine all the new adventures that await us in the year ahead. Who knows what you’ll find when you open the door to your dryer or gaze up at the night sky? Will you write about a visit from a mythical creature, or maybe a lost animal? Will the visitor cause a problem — or solve one? Whoever your visitor is, every buggy in Cricket (an American children’s magazine) Country will be gathered around the mailbox, awaiting the visit of your best story — just 350 words or less, please — featuring a surprising or unexpected visitor. Happy New Year! Contest Rules Your contest entry must be original. Ideas and words should not be copied. Your entry must be signed by your parent or guardian, saying it is original, that no help was given, and granting Cricket permission to publish prize-winning entries in the May 2024 issue or on our website. Be sure to include your name, age and full address on your entry. Only one entry per person, please. If you want your work returned, enclose a self-addressed, stamped envelope for each entry. Incomplete entries cannot be considered. Your entry will be incomplete if you forget to include your age or the signature of your parent or guardian that confirms that your work is original. Your entry must be received by April 25, 2024. Send entries to Cricket League, P. O. Box 300, Peru, IL 61354. (No faxes or email submissions, please!) 60．The theme of the new story contest is “_________”. A．new adventures B．New Year’s resolution C．unexpected visitors D．surprising inventions 61．Every contest entry must ________. A．be sent by means of email B．arrive after January 25,2018 C．be the contestant’s own work D．contain no less than 350 words 62．Each contestant’s parent or guardian must sign the entry to agree that ________. A．the prize-winning entry can be publicized on the media B．all the required information has been included C．the content of the story is based on a real event D．editors can make revision to the participant’s entry (C) Buying organic (有机的) food may not always be better for the planet or for human health than cheaper options grown with artificial pesticides, according to researchers. There tend to be more birds and bees on organic farms but the benefits may be cancelled out because they produce an average of 19 to 25 perent less food per acre than conventional farms. This means that more land is needed to produce the same amount of food, and land being changed for agriculture is one of the greatest threats to wildlife, researchers at the University of British Columbia said. Organic farms tend to use less energy and produce lower emissions, but “when lower organic yields are taken into account, greenhouse gas emissions might actually be higher under organic management.” The authors of the study, published in Science Advances, said: “We don’t know whether organic agriculture provides any benefits for biodiversity if lower organic yields are taken into account.” Organic farms tend to cause less nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of water systems, but the lower yields could mean that nitrogen loss per unit of food produced is higher than on conventional farms. The authors argued that in countries such as Canada, where pesticide regulations are strict and diets are rich in micronutrients, the health benefits of choosing organic might be marginal. They said organically grown food probably contained slightly more micronutrients but it was not clear whether this provided “any actual health benefits to consumers”. The team analyzed organic crop farming across 17 criteria including yield, impact on climate change, farmer livelihood and consumer health. “Organic is often proposed as a good solution to current environmental and food scarcity problems, but we found that the costs and benefits will vary heavily depending on the context,” Verena Seufert, one of the authors, said. They concluded that organic farming is not the only solution to providing a sustainable source of food for an ever-growing global population, but does have an important role to play. “We need to stop the perception of organic and conventional agriculture as two ends of the spectrum. Instead, consumers should demand better practices for both so that we can achieve the world’s food needs in a sustainable way,” Ms. Seufert said. The study, which involved a review of the scientific literature on the environmental and economic performance of organic farms, also found that they were highly dependent on animal manure (排泄物) from conventional farms and added: “It is not clear whether we would have enough organic fertilizers to feed everyone in the world with organic food” Organic food is more expensive and “therefore less accessible to consumers with low income, they said. 63．What does the study find about organic farms? A．They are less than efficient. B．They rely on wildlife species. C．They used to produce added emission. D．They use high-quality pesticides. 64．The word “marginal” (in paragraph 6) is closest in meaning to __________. A．irregular B．unlimited C．unimportant D．irrelevant 65．What can be inferred from the passage about organic agriculture? A．Its benefits are yet to be confirmed by review of scientific literature. B．It is perceived as reaching the end of its development like conventional agriculture. C．It is regarded as the opposite of conventional agriculture. D．Its drawbacks outweigh the benefits it yields in most cases. 66．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A．Organic Farming: Balancing Costs and Benefits B．Organic Farming: Winner in Sustainable Agriculture C．Organic Farming: A Cost-Effective Path to a Healthier Planet D．Organic Farming: The Answer to Global Food Scarcity Section C（六选四） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Beast from the East Causes Chaos Anyone expecting the arrival of spring was bitterly disappointed last week, as freezing temperatures and disruptive (破坏性的)snow swept across the UK. 67 The Beast from the East is a wintry storm caused by a major weather  event  in  the  North Pole. 68 Because it was weakened, cold air from Siberia, in Russia, swept in over Europe, bringing with it low temperatures and snowstorms. From 26 February, people around the country endured temperatures as low as-12 ℃ and some areas were told to expect as much as 20 centimetres of snowfall. 69 It was the first red snow alert ever to be issued in the UK. At least 2,000 schools in England were forced to close. Zoos around the country also shut in order to keep the animals safe and warm. Supermarkets reported queues of people waiting to stock up on supplies. A spokesperson for the Co-op supermarket said it was usual to see sales increase in extreme weather. “People stock up, ready to stay indoors,” he said. Normally, most people would be expecting to see signs of spring blossoming in the first week of March. Incredibly, in spite of the cold weather and official warnings, spring has actually sprung in Cornwall. The head gardeners of six major gardens in the county have reported blooms on their magnolia trees--a sign that the season is changing-even if it doesn’t feel like it. 70 A．A red weather warning--the most extreme-was issued as conditions became dangerous. B．It was all thanks to the so-called Beast from the East. C．There is further heavy snow forecast overnight for the north east and eastern parts of England and isolated showers elsewhere. D．For everyone else, however, the Beast from the East means winter won't be loosening its grip for at least a few days yet. E．Hundreds of trains and dozens of flights were cancelled as London’s transport services were thrown into total confusion. F．There, a rise in air temperature weakened the jet stream (喷射气流), which is a band of strong wind that moves weather around the planet. IV.Summary Writing（写作概要）(共20分) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Ways to Stay Motivated Many distance learners agree that the most difficult part of studying online is staying motivated. Because students must take the initiative to complete their courses completely on their own, without the physical presence of teachers and other peers, many students find it easy to become distracted and discouraged in their work. Don’t let this happen to you-plan ways for yourself to stay motivated before you’re tempted to stray from your books. Use the following motivational tips to stay on task. Find a friend or relative who has similar interests or who would enjoy hearing about your studies and let them know what’s going on in your classes. You’ll understand the material better when you have a chance to explain it out loud and will be motivated to stay on task in order to keep up with the conversation. Don’t rely on campus consultant; design your own map of completed classes and post it somewhere that is visible daily. There’s a certain satisfaction that comes with watching your goals be accomplished. When times get hard, you can always turn to your chart and see how far you’ve come. You get rewarded for good credit and safe driving. Why shouldn’t you reward yourself for doing well in your coursework? Whether it be a night on the town, a new dress, or even a new car, setting up a reward system just may be the extra push you need to succeed. If you stick to your system, you may find yourself pleasantly surprised. 71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)（翻译） Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72.说到是什么吸引她来这所乡村学校做志愿者，她热衷于教育，相信教育能保证孩子们过上安全健康的日子。（appeal v.）（汉译英） 73.尤其是女性持有这样的观念：她们穿戴的银饰越多，就显得越漂亮富有。（in particular）(汉译英) 74.在异国他乡，使我不能入乡随俗的不是文化差异，而是无法吃上一口我从小熟悉的上海菜。（familiar）(汉译英) 75.如果全中国的学校教材每年被循环使用一年，节约的费用可以援建约4万所希望小学。(cost) (汉译英) VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 作文 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是启明中学高一学生李明。临近期末，你的英语老师正在设计暑假作业，现征求学生意见。请写一封电子邮件给老师，内容须包含： 1. 不同形式与内容的作业建议2-3条； 2. 给出你的理由。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（61北京）股份有限公司1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年高一必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit 4 My Space 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Painting B. Photography C. Playing guitar D. Cooking 2. A. Rainy days B. Sunny days C. Cloudy days D. Snowy days 3. A. Graduated B. Got married C. Bought a house D. Got promoted 4. A. Paris B. Tokyo C. Rome D. Athens 5. A. Shopping B. Eating C. Reading D. Working out 6. A. Travel plans B. Career goals C. Relationship status D. Hobbies 7. A. Dragon Rolls B. Sashimi C. Salmon Rolls D. Tempura Rolls 8. A. Business Administration B. Environmental Science C. Computer Science D. Psychology 9. A. Entertainment only B. Medical purposes C. Education and training D. Virtual tourism 10. A. Improving health B. Building muscle C. Flexibility D. Weight loss Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Once a day B. Twice a day C. Three times a day D. Every other day 12. A. To improve digestion B. To prevent bad breath C. To enhance tooth surface D. To reduce the risk of decayed tooth 13. A. Early detection of issues B. Emergency tooth extraction C. Teeth whitening procedures D. Improving gum health Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Cooking at home with the help of family B. Quick and convenient access to favorite meals C. Dining out regularly so as to have balanced nutrition D. Avoiding all junk food which only tastes nice 15. A. Slow preparation and nice cooking B. Accurate delivery time estimates C. Quick preparation and delivery D. Unlimited menu options to be confusing 16. A. Limited choices B. Providing various tastes and preferences C. Only offering pizza and burgers D. Exclusively featuring local foods Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Keep all copies in hotel safe for important documents B. Make copies and leave one set with someone back home C. Don't make copies to avoid misplacement D. Share copies with fellow travelers 18. A. Use local SIM cards so as to get touch with family quickly B. Check in only when changing countries C. Use messaging apps and a local SIM card for emergencies D. Avoid communication to focus on the trip 19. A. Always carry large amounts of cash B. Use RFID-blocking wallets and backpacks C. Avoid crowded areas entirely D. Trust strangers to watch your belongings 20. A. Avoid vaccinations and bring your own food for health purpose. B. Eat and drink anything available, especially those with local flavors C. Explore information on vaccinations and health guidelines. D. Don't worry about staying thirsty. II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） 语法与词汇 Section A（语法填空） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The moment Alok Shukla first saw the forest in central India stretching out before him, he knew two things immediately. One: that this forest—known as the lungs of Chhattisgarh, home to thousands of local people, 21 (endanger) animals and rare plants—was one of the most beautiful places he had ever seen. And two: that he 22 (devote) his life to protecting it from being destroyed by big companies. The only question was, how? Twelve years later, Alok 23 smile at the memory. After all, what he has achieved in the past years has been impressive. On Monday, the 43-year-old 24 (award) the Goldman Environmental Prize, which was widely known as the green Nobel. Back in 2012, the Hasdeo Aranya forest in Chhattisgarh was under threat, because of its rich coal deposits (矿床). In India, the world’s second 25 (large) consumer of coal after China, those deposits are highly valuable. But the value of the forest to the local people was incalculable to Alok. He wasn’t the only one 26 (recognize) the value of the land: local government had declared that the forest should be protected a few years earlier. 27 this, so-called coal areas in the forest were put up for public sale. Alok realized they were sure to lose the battle 28 everyone came together. Out of this, the Save Hasdeo Aranya Committee (委员会) was set up, 29 (teach) people about the local laws and rights available. 30 also joined the different groups together effectively for the first time. Alok hopes winning the Goldman prize will inspire other movements globally—and once again focus attention on the forest. “Any tree being cut in Hasdeo Aranya is wrong, and our effort will be to save every tree.” he vows. Section B（选词填空） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．maximum    B．source   C． keeping   D．complex     E. sound   F. excessive G. simplest   H. appeal   I. highlight   J. streamlining   K. core MUJI products came into being in the early 1980s as a result of a new mood, calling for a return to simplicity in daily life. Our aim was — and still is — to provide our customers all over the world with the fundamental things they need to live a busy, modern, urban lifestyle. These things must be made from good, 31 materials, with no unnecessary frills or fancies and must sell at a reasonable price. Our clothes must feel good on, our stationery must be practical and our household goods must be easy to use. This may seem elementary but it has always been a primary goal to ensure that MUJI customers should never pay for what they can’t use—i. e. added extras and fancy packaging. So, at MUJI you’ll find no 32 prices, just simple, sound products you can afford, so simple in fact, they don’t even carry a brand name. This is in direct contrast to the usual marketing ploy of producing heavily branded, expensively designed, over packaged goods. At MUJI we pride ourselves on being different. Moreover, our products are made from materials which we 33 on a global scale, not because we think an exotic origin sounds more exciting than one on our doorstep but because we are committed to using the best available material, wherever it comes from. Using these superior materials, we design our products so that their simplicity brings out their inherent 34 , both of the material they’re made from and the products themselves. Finally, we present our products in the   35 of packaging — if any at all ——which neither masks nor makes them look any more than they are. As a result, the quality and credence of each product are self-evident. As life gets more 36 , the need for simple lifestyle becomes all the more necessary. To find these, look no further than MUJI. The Company’s basic principle is to develop new simple products at reasonable prices by making the best use of materials while considering environmental issues. Through the careful selection of materials, 37 manufacturing processes and simplifying our packaging, we have continually introduced high quality MUJI brand products onto the market, at lower than usual prices. For the materials, the 38 selection criteria is always quality. These activities underpin our ability to create low-priced, high-quality products. When packaging products, MUJI seeks not to decorate them but rather to 39 their natural colors and shapes. For this reason, we use bulk packaging and place products in plain, uniform containers. Faithful to our philosophy of simplicity, this approach is also in 40 with our policy of conserving resources and reducing waste. Thus, all MUJI products appear on store shelves in simple packaging bearing only product-related information and a price tag. III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A（完形填空） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context We have no idea what the job market will look like in 2050. It is generally agreed that machine learning and robotics will 41 almost every line of work — from producing yoghurt to teaching yoga. 42 , there are conflicting views about the nature of the change and its urgency. Some believe that within only a decade or two, billions of people will become 43 redundant (多余的). Others think that, even in the long run 44 will keep creating new jobs and will provide greater future for all. So, are we really facing a terrifying sudden change, or are such 45 meant to attract people’s attention? It is hard to say. Fears that automation will create considerable 46 go back to the 19’century, and so far they have never come true. Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, for every job lost to a machine at least one new job was 47 , and the average standard of living has increased greatly. Yet, there are good reasons to think that this time is different, and that machine learning will be a real 48 . Humans have two types of abilities — physical and cognitive (认知的). In the past, machines competed with humans mainly in 49 abilities, while humans still had a great advantage over machines in cognitive. 50 , as physical jobs in agriculture and industry were automated, new service jobs appeared that required the kind of cognitive skills only humans possess. They include learning, 51 , communicating and, above all else, understanding human emotions. However, AI is now beginning to 52 humans in more and more of these skills, including the understanding of human emotions. We don’t know of any third field of activity — beyond the physical and the cognitive — where humans will always have a secure 53 . It is important to realize that AI revolution is not just about computers getting faster and smarter. It is also one that is being 54 by our breakthroughs in the life sciences and the social sciences as well. The better we understand the biochemical mechanisms (机制) that support human desires and choices, the better computers can become at analyzing human emotions, predicting human decisions, and 55 human drivers, bankers and lawyers. 41．A．carve B．change C．replace D．threaten 42．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Likewise 43．A．economically B．psychologically C．environmentally D．socially 44．A．urbanization B．cooperation C．competition D．automation 45．A．outcomes B．forecasts C．excuses D．reflections 46．A．damage B．emergency C．production D．unemployment 47．A．dumped B．shelved C．created D．testified 48．A．trouble-maker B．time-saver C．game-changer D．truth-seeker 49．A．physical B．mental C．social D．mathematical 50．A．By contrast B．For example C．As a result D．In addition 51．A．analyzing B．copying C．walking D．measuring 52．A．go in for B．make do with C．turn away from D．catch up with 53．A．environment B．connection C．estimation D．advantage 54．A．dampened B．defined C．fueled D．doubted 55．A．appealing B．replacing C．standardizing D．diversifying Section B （阅读理解） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) States will be able to force more people to pay sales tax when they make online purchases under a Supreme Court decision Thursday that will leave shoppers with lighter wallets but is a big financial win for states. The Supreme Court’s opinion Thursday overruled a pair of decades-old decisions that states said cost them billions of dollars in lost revenue annually. The decisions made it more difficult for states to collect sales tax on certain online purchases. The cases the court overturned said that if a business was shipping a customer’s purchase to a state where the business didn’t have a physical presence such as a warehouse or office, the business didn’t have to collect sales tax for the state. Customers were generally responsible for paying the sales tax to the state themselves if they weren’t charged it, but most didn’t realize they owed it and few paid. Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote that the previous decisions were flawed. “Each year the physical presence rule becomes further removed from economic reality and results in significant revenue losses to the States,” he wrote in an opinion joined by four other justices. Kennedy wrote that the rule “limited States’ ability to seek long-term prosperity and has prevented market participants from competing on an even playing field.” The ruling is a victory for big chains with a presence in many states, since they usually collect sales tax on online purchases already. Now, rivals will be charging sales tax where they hadn’t before. Big chains have been collecting sales tax nationwide because they typically have physical stores in whatever state a purchase is being shipped to. Amazon.com, with its network of warehouses, also collects sales tax in every state that charges it, though third-party sellers who use the site don’t have to. Until now, many sellers that have a physical presence in only a single state or a few states have been able to avoid charging sales taxes when they ship to addresses outside those states. Sellers that use eBay and Etsy, which provide platforms for smaller sellers, also haven’t been collecting sales tax nationwide. Under the ruling Thursday, states can pass laws requiring out-of-state sellers to collect the state’s sales tax from customers and send it to the state. Retail trade groups praised the ruling, saying it levels the playing field for local and online businesses. The losers, said retail analyst Neil Saunders, are online-only retailers, especially smaller ones. Those retailers may face headaches complying with various state sales tax laws. The Small Business & Entrepreneurship Council advocacy group said in a statement, “Small businesses and internet entrepreneurs are not well served at all by this decision.” 56．The Supreme Court decision Thursday will ______. A．better businesses’ relations with states B．put most online businesses in a dilemma C．make more online shoppers pay sales tax D．force some states to cut sales tax 57．It can be learned from paragraphs 2 and 3 that the overruled decisions ______. A．have led to the dominance of e-commerce B．have cost consumers a lot over the years C．were widely criticized by online purchasers D．were considered unfavorable by states 58．According to Justice Anthony Kennedy, the physical presence rule has ______. A．hindered economic development B．brought prosperity to the country C．harmed fair market competition D．boosted growth in states revenue 59．In dealing with the Supreme Court decision Thursday, the author ______. A．gives a factual account of it and discusses its consequences B．describes the long and complicated process of its making C．presents its main points with conflicting views on them D．cites some cases related to it and analyzes their implications (B) NEW STORY CONTEST Ah, the New Year — a time for visiting friends and family as we ring out the old, ring in the new and imagine all the new adventures that await us in the year ahead. Who knows what you’ll find when you open the door to your dryer or gaze up at the night sky? Will you write about a visit from a mythical creature, or maybe a lost animal? Will the visitor cause a problem — or solve one? Whoever your visitor is, every buggy in Cricket (an American children’s magazine) Country will be gathered around the mailbox, awaiting the visit of your best story — just 350 words or less, please — featuring a surprising or unexpected visitor. Happy New Year! Contest Rules Your contest entry must be original. Ideas and words should not be copied. Your entry must be signed by your parent or guardian, saying it is original, that no help was given, and granting Cricket permission to publish prize-winning entries in the May 2024 issue or on our website. Be sure to include your name, age and full address on your entry. Only one entry per person, please. If you want your work returned, enclose a self-addressed, stamped envelope for each entry. Incomplete entries cannot be considered. Your entry will be incomplete if you forget to include your age or the signature of your parent or guardian that confirms that your work is original. Your entry must be received by April 25, 2024. Send entries to Cricket League, P. O. Box 300, Peru, IL 61354. (No faxes or email submissions, please!) 60．The theme of the new story contest is “_________”. A．new adventures B．New Year’s resolution C．unexpected visitors D．surprising inventions 61．Every contest entry must ________. A．be sent by means of email B．arrive after January 25,2018 C．be the contestant’s own work D．contain no less than 350 words 62．Each contestant’s parent or guardian must sign the entry to agree that ________. A．the prize-winning entry can be publicized on the media B．all the required information has been included C．the content of the story is based on a real event D．editors can make revision to the participant’s entry (C) Buying organic (有机的) food may not always be better for the planet or for human health than cheaper options grown with artificial pesticides, according to researchers. There tend to be more birds and bees on organic farms but the benefits may be cancelled out because they produce an average of 19 to 25 perent less food per acre than conventional farms. This means that more land is needed to produce the same amount of food, and land being changed for agriculture is one of the greatest threats to wildlife, researchers at the University of British Columbia said. Organic farms tend to use less energy and produce lower emissions, but “when lower organic yields are taken into account, greenhouse gas emissions might actually be higher under organic management.” The authors of the study, published in Science Advances, said: “We don’t know whether organic agriculture provides any benefits for biodiversity if lower organic yields are taken into account.” Organic farms tend to cause less nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of water systems, but the lower yields could mean that nitrogen loss per unit of food produced is higher than on conventional farms. The authors argued that in countries such as Canada, where pesticide regulations are strict and diets are rich in micronutrients, the health benefits of choosing organic might be marginal. They said organically grown food probably contained slightly more micronutrients but it was not clear whether this provided “any actual health benefits to consumers”. The team analyzed organic crop farming across 17 criteria including yield, impact on climate change, farmer livelihood and consumer health. “Organic is often proposed as a good solution to current environmental and food scarcity problems, but we found that the costs and benefits will vary heavily depending on the context,” Verena Seufert, one of the authors, said. They concluded that organic farming is not the only solution to providing a sustainable source of food for an ever-growing global population, but does have an important role to play. “We need to stop the perception of organic and conventional agriculture as two ends of the spectrum. Instead, consumers should demand better practices for both so that we can achieve the world’s food needs in a sustainable way,” Ms. Seufert said. The study, which involved a review of the scientific literature on the environmental and economic performance of organic farms, also found that they were highly dependent on animal manure (排泄物) from conventional farms and added: “It is not clear whether we would have enough organic fertilizers to feed everyone in the world with organic food” Organic food is more expensive and “therefore less accessible to consumers with low income, they said. 63．What does the study find about organic farms? A．They are less than efficient. B．They rely on wildlife species. C．They used to produce added emission. D．They use high-quality pesticides. 64．The word “marginal” (in paragraph 6) is closest in meaning to __________. A．irregular B．unlimited C．unimportant D．irrelevant 65．What can be inferred from the passage about organic agriculture? A．Its benefits are yet to be confirmed by review of scientific literature. B．It is perceived as reaching the end of its development like conventional agriculture. C．It is regarded as the opposite of conventional agriculture. D．Its drawbacks outweigh the benefits it yields in most cases. 66．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A．Organic Farming: Balancing Costs and Benefits B．Organic Farming: Winner in Sustainable Agriculture C．Organic Farming: A Cost-Effective Path to a Healthier Planet D．Organic Farming: The Answer to Global Food Scarcity Section C（六选四） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Beast from the East Causes Chaos Anyone expecting the arrival of spring was bitterly disappointed last week, as freezing temperatures and disruptive (破坏性的)snow swept across the UK. 67 The Beast from the East is a wintry storm caused by a major weather  event  in  the  North Pole. 68 Because it was weakened, cold air from Siberia, in Russia, swept in over Europe, bringing with it low temperatures and snowstorms. From 26 February, people around the country endured temperatures as low as-12 ℃ and some areas were told to expect as much as 20 centimetres of snowfall. 69 It was the first red snow alert ever to be issued in the UK. At least 2,000 schools in England were forced to close. Zoos around the country also shut in order to keep the animals safe and warm. Supermarkets reported queues of people waiting to stock up on supplies. A spokesperson for the Co-op supermarket said it was usual to see sales increase in extreme weather. “People stock up, ready to stay indoors,” he said. Normally, most people would be expecting to see signs of spring blossoming in the first week of March. Incredibly, in spite of the cold weather and official warnings, spring has actually sprung in Cornwall. The head gardeners of six major gardens in the county have reported blooms on their magnolia trees--a sign that the season is changing-even if it doesn’t feel like it. 70 A．A red weather warning--the most extreme-was issued as conditions became dangerous. B．It was all thanks to the so-called Beast from the East. C．There is further heavy snow forecast overnight for the north east and eastern parts of England and isolated showers elsewhere. D．For everyone else, however, the Beast from the East means winter won't be loosening its grip for at least a few days yet. E．Hundreds of trains and dozens of flights were cancelled as London’s transport services were thrown into total confusion. F．There, a rise in air temperature weakened the jet stream (喷射气流), which is a band of strong wind that moves weather around the planet. IV.Summary Writing（写作概要）(共20分) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Ways to Stay Motivated Many distance learners agree that the most difficult part of studying online is staying motivated. Because students must take the initiative to complete their courses completely on their own, without the physical presence of teachers and other peers, many students find it easy to become distracted and discouraged in their work. Don’t let this happen to you-plan ways for yourself to stay motivated before you’re tempted to stray from your books. Use the following motivational tips to stay on task. Find a friend or relative who has similar interests or who would enjoy hearing about your studies and let them know what’s going on in your classes. You’ll understand the material better when you have a chance to explain it out loud and will be motivated to stay on task in order to keep up with the conversation. Don’t rely on campus consultant; design your own map of completed classes and post it somewhere that is visible daily. There’s a certain satisfaction that comes with watching your goals be accomplished. When times get hard, you can always turn to your chart and see how far you’ve come. You get rewarded for good credit and safe driving. Why shouldn’t you reward yourself for doing well in your coursework? Whether it be a night on the town, a new dress, or even a new car, setting up a reward system just may be the extra push you need to succeed. If you stick to your system, you may find yourself pleasantly surprised. 71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)（翻译） Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72.说到是什么吸引她来这所乡村学校做志愿者，她热衷于教育，相信教育能保证孩子们过上安全健康的日子。（appeal v.）（汉译英） 73.尤其是女性持有这样的观念：她们穿戴的银饰越多，就显得越漂亮富有。（in particular）(汉译英) 74.在异国他乡，使我不能入乡随俗的不是文化差异，而是无法吃上一口我从小熟悉的上海菜。（familiar）(汉译英) 75.如果全中国的学校教材每年被循环使用一年，节约的费用可以援建约4万所希望小学。(cost) (汉译英) VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 作文 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是启明中学高一学生李明。临近期末，你的英语老师正在设计暑假作业，现征求学生意见。请写一封电子邮件给老师，内容须包含： 1. 不同形式与内容的作业建议2-3条； 2. 给出你的理由。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（61北京）股份有限公司1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年高一必修第一册英语单元测试 Unit 4 My Space 学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________ （时间：120分钟，满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分） Section A Short Conversations Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. Painting B. Photography C. Playing guitar D. Cooking 2. A. Rainy days B. Sunny days C. Cloudy days D. Snowy days 3. A. Graduated B. Got married C. Bought a house D. Got promoted 4. A. Paris B. Tokyo C. Rome D. Athens 5. A. Shopping B. Eating C. Reading D. Working out 6. A. Travel plans B. Career goals C. Relationship status D. Hobbies 7. A. Dragon Rolls B. Sashimi C. Salmon Rolls D. Tempura Rolls 8. A. Business Administration B. Environmental Science C. Computer Science D. Psychology 9. A. Entertainment only B. Medical purposes C. Education and training D. Virtual tourism 10. A. Improving health B. Building muscle C. Flexibility D. Weight loss Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Once a day B. Twice a day C. Three times a day D. Every other day 12. A. To improve digestion B. To prevent bad breath C. To enhance tooth surface D. To reduce the risk of decayed tooth 13. A. Early detection of issues B. Emergency tooth extraction C. Teeth whitening procedures D. Improving gum health Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Cooking at home with the help of family B. Quick and convenient access to favorite meals C. Dining out regularly so as to have balanced nutrition D. Avoiding all junk food which only tastes nice 15. A. Slow preparation and nice cooking B. Accurate delivery time estimates C. Quick preparation and delivery D. Unlimited menu options to be confusing 16. A. Limited choices B. Providing various tastes and preferences C. Only offering pizza and burgers D. Exclusively featuring local foods Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Keep all copies in hotel safe for important documents B. Make copies and leave one set with someone back home C. Don't make copies to avoid misplacement D. Share copies with fellow travelers 18. A. Use local SIM cards so as to get touch with family quickly B. Check in only when changing countries C. Use messaging apps and a local SIM card for emergencies D. Avoid communication to focus on the trip 19. A. Always carry large amounts of cash B. Use RFID-blocking wallets and backpacks C. Avoid crowded areas entirely D. Trust strangers to watch your belongings 20. A. Avoid vaccinations and bring your own food for health purpose. B. Eat and drink anything available, especially those with local flavors C. Explore information on vaccinations and health guidelines. D. Don't worry about staying thirsty. 【答案】1-5 BBDDD 6-10 BBBCC 11-13 BDA 14-16 BCB 17-20 BCBC Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. M: Hey, I heard you're into photography. What got you into it? W: Yeah, I love capturing moments. It started as a hobby, and now I can't get enough. Q: What is the woman's hobby? 2. M: The weather is gloomy today. I love rainy days, though. How about you? W: Rainy days are cozy, but I prefer the sun. It lifts my mood. Q: What does the woman prefer? 3. M: I heard you got a promotion. Congratulations! How's the new role? W: Thanks! It's challenging but exciting. Learning a lot. Q: What recently happened to the woman? 4. M: If you could travel anywhere, where would you go? W: I've always dreamed of exploring the ancient ruins in Greece. Q: What is the woman's probable dream travel destination? 5. M: I saw you at the gym yesterday. Are you into fitness? W: Yeah, trying to stay healthy. Do you work out too? Q: What did the man see the woman doing? 6. M: Where do you see yourself in five years? W: Hopefully, running my own business. How about you? Q: What do they discuss regarding the woman's future? 7. M: I tried this amazing sushi place downtown. Do you like sushi? W: Oh, I love sushi! Did you try the dragon rolls? M: Yes, they were delicious. What's your favorite type of sushi? W: I'm a fan of sashimi, especially salmon. Have you been to any other good sushi spots Q: What is the woman's favorite type of sushi? 8. W: I've been thinking about furthering my studies. Considering a master's degree. M: That's a big decision. What field are you thinking of? W: I'm leaning towards environmental science. It matches my love for sustainability. M: That's great! It seems that environmental biology and environmental chemistry are popular nowadays. Q: What field is the woman considering for her master's degree? 9. W: Have you seen the latest advancements in virtual reality? M: Yeah, it's mind-blowing. Have you tried any VR games or experiences? W: Not yet, but I'm curious. What do you think VR will be used for in the future? M: I think it has potential in education and training. Imagine virtual classrooms or simulations. Q: What does the man think virtual reality will be used for in the future? 10. M: I've started a new fitness routine, focusing on strength training. W: That's great! What's your goal with the new routine? M: I want to build muscle and improve overall strength. How about you? Any fitness goals? W: I'm into yoga for flexibility. My goal is to master some advanced poses. Do you do any flexibility exercises? Q: What is the woman's fitness goal in yoga? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. Welcome to today's discussion on the importance of tooth protection for maintaining ideal oral health. Taking care of your teeth is not just about achieving a bright smile; it's a crucial aspect of overall well-being. Let's explore some key strategies for effective tooth protection. Firstly, regular brushing with fluoride toothpaste is a cornerstone of good oral hygiene. Brushing your teeth twice a day, in the morning and before bedtime, helps remove a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth, which can lead to tooth decay and gum disease if not properly addressed. In addition to brushing, integrating dental floss into your daily routine is essential. Dental floss helps clean between teeth, where toothbrush hairs might not reach. This helps prevent the risk of developing tooth decay in those hard-to-reach areas. Furthermore, being aware of your diet plays a significant role in tooth protection. Limiting the consumption of sugary foods and soft drinks is crucial, as sugar provides a breeding ground for harmful bacteria that erode tooth enamel. Choose a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and dairy products to promote strong and healthy teeth. For individuals involved in sports or physical activities, wearing a mouthguard is a positive measure for tooth protection. Mouthguards act as a cushion, absorbing the impact of blows to the face and preventing dental injuries such as chipped or knocked-out teeth. Lastly, regular dental check-ups are vital. Dentists can identify early signs of dental issues, allowing for timely intervention and preventing the progression of problems. Professional cleanings and examinations are key components of practical tooth protection. Questions： 11. How often is it recommended to brush your teeth for effective tooth protection? 12. Why is limiting the consumption of sugary foods and soft drinks important for tooth protection? 13. What is the significance of regular dental check-ups in tooth protection? Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. In the fast-paced world we live in today, the convenience of fast food delivery has become an essential part of our food culture. The ability to enjoy our favorite meals without leaving the comfort of our homes has transformed the way we approach dining. Let's explore the various aspects that make fast food delivery a popular and efficient choice for many. Firstly, the convenience factor cannot be overstated. With just a few taps on a mobile app or a quick phone call, you can have a variety of delicious dishes delivered right to your doorstep. This convenience is particularly appreciated on busy days when cooking or going out for a meal may not be practical. Speed is another key element of fast food delivery services. Many restaurants are laying great emphasis on quick preparation and delivery, ensuring that your food arrives hot and fresh. This is made possible by advanced supply chain and technology, allowing for efficient order processing and accurate delivery time estimates. Diversity in menu options is a significant advantage of fast food delivery. Whether you're longing for pizza, burgers, sushi, or even some local flavours, you can explore a diverse range of choices from various restaurants without leaving your home. This variety meets the need of different tastes and preferences, making fast food delivery a versatile option for individuals and families. While fast food delivery offers many advantages, it's essential to strike a balance and maintain a healthy approach to food choices. Balancing between home-cooked meals and the occasional fast food treat makes sure your food experience is enjoyable and varied. Questions: 14. What is a significant advantage of fast food delivery in today's busy world? 15. How do many fast food delivery services ensure food arrives hot and fresh? 16. What is a notable advantage of the diverse menu options in fast food delivery? Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage. W: Mark, I'm so excited about our trip to Europe, but I've been thinking a lot about staying safe while we're there. Any tips? M: Absolutely, Lisa. Safety is a top priority. First things first, make copies of your important documents, like passports and travel insurance. Keep one set with you and leave another with someone you trust back home. And it’s unacceptable to share copies with fellow travelers. W: That's a good idea. I've heard about travel insurance, but I'm not sure what it covers. M: Travel insurance is a lifesaver. It typically covers medical emergencies, trip cancellations, and even lost baggage. It's a small investment for peace of mind. W: Great advice. What about staying connected with our families? M: We should have a plan for communication. We can use messaging apps with Wi-Fi, but it's also wise to have a local SIM card for emergencies. And don't forget to check in regularly, especially when we change locations. W: True. Now, what about our belongings? I've read about pickpocketing being common in some places. M: Absolutely. Invest in some anti-theft gear, like RFID-blocking wallets and backpacks. Be aware of your surroundings, especially in crowded areas, and use hotel safes for valuables. W: Good point. Now, what about health precautions? I've heard stories about travelers getting sick. M: Research vaccinations and health recommendations for our destination. Pack a small first aid kit with essentials, and be cautious about what you eat and drink. It's crucial to drink enough water every day. W: Thanks, Mark. These are all excellent tips. I feel more prepared now. M: No problem, Lisa. It's all about being proactive and aware. Now, let's enjoy our coffee and finalize our itinerary. Questions: 17. What does Mark suggest about important documents like passports? 18. How does Mark recommend staying connected with family during the trip? 19. What precautionary measures does Mark suggest for avoiding pickpocketing? 20. What health precautions does Mark advise for the trip? II. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） 语法与词汇 Section A（语法填空） Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. The moment Alok Shukla first saw the forest in central India stretching out before him, he knew two things immediately. One: that this forest—known as the lungs of Chhattisgarh, home to thousands of local people, 21 (endanger) animals and rare plants—was one of the most beautiful places he had ever seen. And two: that he 22 (devote) his life to protecting it from being destroyed by big companies. The only question was, how? Twelve years later, Alok 23 smile at the memory. After all, what he has achieved in the past years has been impressive. On Monday, the 43-year-old 24 (award) the Goldman Environmental Prize, which was widely known as the green Nobel. Back in 2012, the Hasdeo Aranya forest in Chhattisgarh was under threat, because of its rich coal deposits (矿床). In India, the world’s second 25 (large) consumer of coal after China, those deposits are highly valuable. But the value of the forest to the local people was incalculable to Alok. He wasn’t the only one 26 (recognize) the value of the land: local government had declared that the forest should be protected a few years earlier. 27 this, so-called coal areas in the forest were put up for public sale. Alok realized they were sure to lose the battle 28 everyone came together. Out of this, the Save Hasdeo Aranya Committee (委员会) was set up, 29 (teach) people about the local laws and rights available. 30 also joined the different groups together effectively for the first time. Alok hopes winning the Goldman prize will inspire other movements globally—and once again focus attention on the forest. “Any tree being cut in Hasdeo Aranya is wrong, and our effort will be to save every tree.” he vows. 【答案】 21．endangered 22． would devote 23．can 24．was awarded 25．largest 26． to recognise 27．Despite 28． unless 29．teaching 30．It 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章讲述了印度大叔阿洛克·舒克拉因为在哈斯度·阿那亚森林“拯救每一棵树”活动荣获“绿色诺贝尔奖”。 21．考查形容词。句意：第一，这片被称为恰蒂斯加尔之肺的森林，居住着成千上万的部落居民，濒临灭绝的动物和稀有植物，这里是他见过的最美丽的地方之一。名词前用形容词修饰，作定语。故填endangered。 22．考查动词时态。句意：第二，他将毕生致力于保护它不被大公司破坏。主语后缺少谓语，根据was可知，此处表示过去的将来，用过去将来时。故填would devote。 23．考查情态动词。句意：12 年后，阿洛克可以微笑回忆这段经历了。谓语动词前用情态动词，描述现在的事情用一般现在时。故填can。 24．考查动词时态语态。句意：周一，这位 43 岁的男人被授予了戈德曼环境奖 ，也被称为“绿色诺贝尔奖”。主语后缺少谓语，是被动关系，描述过去的事情用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，谓语用单数。故填was awarded。 25．考查形容词最高级。句意：印度是仅次于中国的世界第二大煤炭消费国，这些煤炭储量非常宝贵。序数词+形容词最高级表示“第几大”，用形容词最高奖。故填largest。 26．考查非谓语动词。句意：他不是唯一一个认识到这块土地价值的人: 地方当局几年前就宣布这块土地受到保护。was是谓语动词，此处是非谓语动词，the only one后用动词不定式作定语。故填to recognize。 27．考查介词。句意：尽管如此，森林中所谓的煤炭区域还是被拿出来拍卖了。前后句是让步关系，表示尽管，代词前用介词despite，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Despite。 28．考查状语从句。句意：阿洛克意识到，除非大家团结起来，要不然他们注定会输掉这场战斗。unless引导状语从句，是让步关系。故填unless。 29．考查非谓语动词。句意：由此，拯救哈斯度·阿那亚森林抵抗委员会被建立，向人们传授当地的法律和权利。谓语是was set up，teach是非谓语动词，表示主动关系，用现在分词，作状语。故填teaching。 30．考查代词。句意：该组织还首次将不同的群体有效地联系在一起。指代 the Save Hasdeo Aranya Committee (委员会)，作主语，用代词it，位于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 Section B（选词填空） Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．maximum    B．source   C． keeping   D．complex     E. sound   F. excessive G. simplest   H. appeal   I. highlight   J. streamlining   K. core MUJI products came into being in the early 1980s as a result of a new mood, calling for a return to simplicity in daily life. Our aim was — and still is — to provide our customers all over the world with the fundamental things they need to live a busy, modern, urban lifestyle. These things must be made from good, 31 materials, with no unnecessary frills or fancies and must sell at a reasonable price. Our clothes must feel good on, our stationery must be practical and our household goods must be easy to use. This may seem elementary but it has always been a primary goal to ensure that MUJI customers should never pay for what they can’t use—i. e. added extras and fancy packaging. So, at MUJI you’ll find no 32 prices, just simple, sound products you can afford, so simple in fact, they don’t even carry a brand name. This is in direct contrast to the usual marketing ploy of producing heavily branded, expensively designed, over packaged goods. At MUJI we pride ourselves on being different. Moreover, our products are made from materials which we 33 on a global scale, not because we think an exotic origin sounds more exciting than one on our doorstep but because we are committed to using the best available material, wherever it comes from. Using these superior materials, we design our products so that their simplicity brings out their inherent 34 , both of the material they’re made from and the products themselves. Finally, we present our products in the   35 of packaging — if any at all ——which neither masks nor makes them look any more than they are. As a result, the quality and credence of each product are self-evident. As life gets more 36 , the need for simple lifestyle becomes all the more necessary. To find these, look no further than MUJI. The Company’s basic principle is to develop new simple products at reasonable prices by making the best use of materials while considering environmental issues. Through the careful selection of materials, 37 manufacturing processes and simplifying our packaging, we have continually introduced high quality MUJI brand products onto the market, at lower than usual prices. For the materials, the 38 selection criteria is always quality. These activities underpin our ability to create low-priced, high-quality products. When packaging products, MUJI seeks not to decorate them but rather to 39 their natural colors and shapes. For this reason, we use bulk packaging and place products in plain, uniform containers. Faithful to our philosophy of simplicity, this approach is also in 40 with our policy of conserving resources and reducing waste. Thus, all MUJI products appear on store shelves in simple packaging bearing only product-related information and a price tag. 【答案】 31．E 32．F 33．B 34．H 35．G 36．D 37．J 38．K 39．I 40．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了无印良品的历史，产品特色和产品生产中所注重的事情。 31．考查形容词。句意：这些东西必须由优质、可靠的材料制成，没有不必要的装饰或花哨，必须以合理的价格出售。空后为名词materials，此处应为形容词和空前的good共同作定语修饰该名词，sound“可靠的”为形容词，符合句意。故选E项。 32．考查形容词。句意：所以，在无印良品，你不会发现过高的价格，只有你能负担得起的简单、可靠的产品，简单到事实上，它们甚至没有品牌名称。空后为名词  prices，此处应为形容词作定语修饰该名词，excessive“过高的”为形容词，符合句意。故选F项。 33．考查动词。句意：此外，我们的产品是由我们在全球范围内采购的材料制成的，这并不是因为我们认为异国的材料听起来比我们家门口的材料更令人兴奋，而是因为我们致力于使用最好的材料，无论它来自哪里。空前为主语we，此处应为动词作句子的谓语成分，source“采购”为动词，符合句意。故选B项。 34．考查名词。句意：使用这些优质的材料，我们设计我们的产品，使它们的简单带出其内在的吸引力，无论是由它们制成的材料和产品本身。空前为形容词inherent，此处应为名词形式作句子的宾语成分，appeal“吸引力”为名词，符合句意。故选H项。 35．考查形容词。句意：最后，我们用最简单的包装来展示我们的产品——如果有的话——既不掩饰也不使它们看起来更真实。空前为定冠词the，此处应为形容词最高级形式，simplest“最简单的”为形容词最高级，符合句意。故选G项。 36．考查形容词。句意：随着生活变得越来越复杂，对简单生活方式的需求变得更加必要。空前为gets more，此处应为形容词作表语成分，complex“复杂的”为形容词，符合句意。故选D项。 37．考查动名词。句意：通过精心挑选材料，精简生产流程，简化包装，我们不断向市场推出高品质的无印良品品牌产品，价格低于通常的价格。此处为动名词形式，作介词Through的宾语成分，和and连接的simplifying构成并列结构，streamlining“简化”为动名词，符合句意。故选J项。 38．考查形容词。句意：对于材料，最核心的选择标准始终是质量。空后selection criteria为名词短语，此处应为形容词作定语修饰该名词短语，core“核心的”为形容词，符合句意。故选K项。 39．考查动词。句意：在包装产品时，无印良品寻求的不是装饰，而是突出其自然的颜色和形状。空前为不定式to，此处为动词原形，构成短语not to do sth but rather to do sth“不是做某事，而是做某事”，highlight“突出”为动词，符合句意。故选I项。 40．考查动名词。句意：这种做法既符合我们的简约理念，也符合我们节约资源和减少浪费的政策。空前为介词in，此处为动名词形式，和and连接的reducing保持并列结构，keeping“保持”为动名词，符合句意。故选C项。 III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分) Section A（完形填空） Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context We have no idea what the job market will look like in 2050. It is generally agreed that machine learning and robotics will 41 almost every line of work — from producing yoghurt to teaching yoga. 42 , there are conflicting views about the nature of the change and its urgency. Some believe that within only a decade or two, billions of people will become 43 redundant (多余的). Others think that, even in the long run 44 will keep creating new jobs and will provide greater future for all. So, are we really facing a terrifying sudden change, or are such 45 meant to attract people’s attention? It is hard to say. Fears that automation will create considerable 46 go back to the 19’century, and so far they have never come true. Since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, for every job lost to a machine at least one new job was 47 , and the average standard of living has increased greatly. Yet, there are good reasons to think that this time is different, and that machine learning will be a real 48 . Humans have two types of abilities — physical and cognitive (认知的). In the past, machines competed with humans mainly in 49 abilities, while humans still had a great advantage over machines in cognitive. 50 , as physical jobs in agriculture and industry were automated, new service jobs appeared that required the kind of cognitive skills only humans possess. They include learning, 51 , communicating and, above all else, understanding human emotions. However, AI is now beginning to 52 humans in more and more of these skills, including the understanding of human emotions. We don’t know of any third field of activity — beyond the physical and the cognitive — where humans will always have a secure 53 . It is important to realize that AI revolution is not just about computers getting faster and smarter. It is also one that is being 54 by our breakthroughs in the life sciences and the social sciences as well. The better we understand the biochemical mechanisms (机制) that support human desires and choices, the better computers can become at analyzing human emotions, predicting human decisions, and 55 human drivers, bankers and lawyers. 41．A．carve B．change C．replace D．threaten 42．A．Besides B．However C．Therefore D．Likewise 43．A．economically B．psychologically C．environmentally D．socially 44．A．urbanization B．cooperation C．competition D．automation 45．A．outcomes B．forecasts C．excuses D．reflections 46．A．damage B．emergency C．production D．unemployment 47．A．dumped B．shelved C．created D．testified 48．A．trouble-maker B．time-saver C．game-changer D．truth-seeker 49．A．physical B．mental C．social D．mathematical 50．A．By contrast B．For example C．As a result D．In addition 51．A．analyzing B．copying C．walking D．measuring 52．A．go in for B．make do with C．turn away from D．catch up with 53．A．environment B．connection C．estimation D．advantage 54．A．dampened B．defined C．fueled D．doubted 55．A．appealing B．replacing C．standardizing D．diversifying 【答案】 41．B 42．B 43．A 44．D 45．B 46．D 47．C 48．C 49．A 50．C 51．A 52．D 53．D 54．C 55．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述了科技发展人工智能对于就业带来的影响。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们普遍认为，机器学习和机器人技术将改变几乎每一项工作——从生产酸奶到教授瑜伽。A. carve雕刻；B. change改变；C. replace取代；D. threaten威胁。根据下文“there are conflicting views about the nature of the change and its urgency(关于变革的性质及其紧迫性，存在着相互矛盾的观点)”可知，这里说的是机器人给每项工作带来的改变，故选B项。 42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，关于变革的性质及其紧迫性，存在着相互矛盾的观点。A. Besides此外；B. However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Likewise同样地。根据下文“there are conflicting views about the nature of the change and its urgency(关于变革的性质及其紧迫性，存在着相互矛盾的观点)”可知，这里使用However表转折符合句意，故选B项。 43．考查副词词义辨析。句意：有人认为，只要再过10年或20年，数十亿人将在经济上变得多余。A. economically经济上；B. psychologically心理上地；C. environmentally与环境有关地；D. socially社会上。根据下文“Fears that automation will create considerable 　　46　　 go back to the 19’century(自动化将造成大量失业的担忧可以追溯到19世纪)”可知，这里说的是，自动化会造成大量失业，所以是经济上的多余，故选A项。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他人认为，即使从长远来看，自动化也将继续创造新的就业机会，并为所有人提供更好的未来。A. urbanization城市化；B. cooperation合作；C. competition竞争；D. automation自动化。根据上文“Fears that automation will create considerable 　　46　　 go back to the 19’century, and so far they have never come true(对自动化将造成大量失业的担忧可以追溯到19世纪，但到目前为止，这些担忧从未实现。)”可知，这里要说的是机器自动化会创造新的就业就会，故选D项。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那么，我们真的面临着可怕的突然变化吗？还是这样的预测是为了吸引人们的注意力？A. outcomes结果；B. forecasts预测；C. excuses借口；D. reflections反映。根据上文“Some believe that within only a decade or two, billions of people will become 　　43　　 redundant (多余的). Others think that, even in the long run 　　44　　 will keep creating new jobs and will provide greater future for all.（一些人认为，在短短的一二十年内，数十亿人将在社会上变得多余。其他人认为，即使从长远来看，自动化也将继续创造新的就业机会，并为所有人提供更好的未来。）”可知，这里说的是上文中的这些预测是真的吗？故选B项。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对自动化将造成大量失业的担忧可以追溯到19世纪，但到目前为止，这些担忧从未实现。A. damage损害；B. emergency紧急情况；C. production生产；D. unemployment失业。根据上文“Some believe that within only a decade or two, billions of people will become 　　43　　 redundant (多余的).(一些人认为，在短短的一二十年内，数十亿人将在社会上变得多余。)”可知，这里说的是自动化会造成失业，故选D项。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：自工业革命开始以来，机器每失去一个工作岗位，就至少创造了一个新的工作岗位，平均生活水平大大提高。A. dumped倾倒；B. shelved搁置；C. created创造；D. testified证明。根据上文“Others think that, even in the long run 　　44　　 will keep creating new jobs and will provide greater future for all.(其他人认为，即使从长远来看，自动化也将继续创造新的就业机会，并为所有人提供更好的未来。)”可知，这里说的是失去一个工作岗位的同时就会创造一个新的工作岗位，故选C项。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，有充分的理由认为，这一次不同了，机器学习将真正改变游戏规则。A. trouble-maker    麻烦制造者；B. time-saver节省时间者；C. game-changer力挽狂澜者；D. truth-seeker寻求真相者。根据上文“Yet, there are good reasons to think that this time is different”可知，这里要说的是改变游戏规则，人工智能在很多方面开始赶上人类，故选C项。 49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过去，机器主要在身体能力上与人类竞争，而人类在认知能力上仍比机器有很大优势。A. physical身体的；B. mental心理的；C. social社交的；D. mathematical数学的。根据下文“while humans still had a great advantage over machines in cognitive (而人类在认知能力上仍比机器有很大优势)”可知，这里说的是机器主要在身体能力上与人类竞争，故选A项。 50．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，随着农业和工业中的体力工作实现自动化，出现了新的服务性工作，这些工作需要只有人类才能拥有的那种认知技能。A. By contrast相比较而言；B. For example例如；C. As a result因此；D. In addition另外。结合上下句的句意可知，此处使用As a result“因此”来构成因果关系，符合句意，故选C项。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们包括学习、分析、交流，最重要的是理解人类的情感。A. analyzing分析；B. copying复制；C. walking散步；D. measuring测量。根据上文“while humans still had a great advantage over machines in cognitive (而人类在认知能力上仍比机器有很大优势)”可知，这里要说的是一种认知能力，analyzing“分析”符合句意，故选A项。 52．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，人工智能现在开始在越来越多的这些技能上赶上人类，包括对人类情绪的理解。A. go in for对……感兴趣；B. make do with凑合着用；C. turn away from厌恶；D. catch up with赶上。根据上文“In the past, machines competed with humans mainly in 　　49　　 abilities, while humans still had a great advantage over machines in cognitive.(过去，机器主要在身体能力上与人类竞争，而人类在认知能力上仍比机器有很大优势。)”可知，现在人工智能在这些认知能力上也开始赶上人类，故选D项。 53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不知道除了身体和认知之外，还有任何第三个活动领域会让人类始终拥有安全的优势。A. environment环境；B. connection连接；C. estimation评价；D. advantage优势。根据上文“Humans have two types of abilities — physical and cognitive (认知的). In the past, machines competed with humans mainly in 　　49　　 abilities, while humans still had a great advantage over machines in cognitive.(人类拥有两种能力——身体的和认知的。过去，机器主要在身体能力上与人类竞争，而人类在认知能力上仍比机器有很大优势。)”可知，这里说的是没有第三种优势，故选D项。 54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这也是由我们在生命科学和社会科学方面的突破所推动的。A. dampened依靠；B. defined下定义；C. fueled加强；D. doubted怀疑。根据下文“The better we understand the biochemical mechanisms (机制) that support human desires and choices, the better computers can become at analyzing human emotions, predicting human decisions, and 　　55　　 human drivers, bankers and lawyers.(我们越是了解支持人类欲望和选择的生化机制，计算机就越能更好地分析人类情绪，预测人类决策，并取代人类司机、银行家和律师。)”可知，这里说的是生命科学和社会科学的突破推动了计算机的发展，故选C项。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们越是了解支持人类欲望和选择的生化机制，计算机就越能更好地分析人类情绪，预测人类决策，并取代人类司机、银行家和律师。A. appealing呼吁；B. replacing取代；C. standardizing使标准化；D. diversifying多样化。根据上文“The better we understand the biochemical mechanisms (机制) that support human desires and choices, the better computers can become at analyzing human emotions, predicting human decisions(我们越是了解支持人类欲望和选择的生化机制，计算机就越能更好地分析人类情绪，预测人类决策)”可知，计算机能够分析人类情绪，预测人类决策进而会取代这些岗位，故选B项。 Section B （阅读理解） Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) States will be able to force more people to pay sales tax when they make online purchases under a Supreme Court decision Thursday that will leave shoppers with lighter wallets but is a big financial win for states. The Supreme Court’s opinion Thursday overruled a pair of decades-old decisions that states said cost them billions of dollars in lost revenue annually. The decisions made it more difficult for states to collect sales tax on certain online purchases. The cases the court overturned said that if a business was shipping a customer’s purchase to a state where the business didn’t have a physical presence such as a warehouse or office, the business didn’t have to collect sales tax for the state. Customers were generally responsible for paying the sales tax to the state themselves if they weren’t charged it, but most didn’t realize they owed it and few paid. Justice Anthony Kennedy wrote that the previous decisions were flawed. “Each year the physical presence rule becomes further removed from economic reality and results in significant revenue losses to the States,” he wrote in an opinion joined by four other justices. Kennedy wrote that the rule “limited States’ ability to seek long-term prosperity and has prevented market participants from competing on an even playing field.” The ruling is a victory for big chains with a presence in many states, since they usually collect sales tax on online purchases already. Now, rivals will be charging sales tax where they hadn’t before. Big chains have been collecting sales tax nationwide because they typically have physical stores in whatever state a purchase is being shipped to. Amazon.com, with its network of warehouses, also collects sales tax in every state that charges it, though third-party sellers who use the site don’t have to. Until now, many sellers that have a physical presence in only a single state or a few states have been able to avoid charging sales taxes when they ship to addresses outside those states. Sellers that use eBay and Etsy, which provide platforms for smaller sellers, also haven’t been collecting sales tax nationwide. Under the ruling Thursday, states can pass laws requiring out-of-state sellers to collect the state’s sales tax from customers and send it to the state. Retail trade groups praised the ruling, saying it levels the playing field for local and online businesses. The losers, said retail analyst Neil Saunders, are online-only retailers, especially smaller ones. Those retailers may face headaches complying with various state sales tax laws. The Small Business & Entrepreneurship Council advocacy group said in a statement, “Small businesses and internet entrepreneurs are not well served at all by this decision.” 56．The Supreme Court decision Thursday will ______. A．better businesses’ relations with states B．put most online businesses in a dilemma C．make more online shoppers pay sales tax D．force some states to cut sales tax 57．It can be learned from paragraphs 2 and 3 that the overruled decisions ______. A．have led to the dominance of e-commerce B．have cost consumers a lot over the years C．were widely criticized by online purchasers D．were considered unfavorable by states 58．According to Justice Anthony Kennedy, the physical presence rule has ______. A．hindered economic development B．brought prosperity to the country C．harmed fair market competition D．boosted growth in states revenue 59．In dealing with the Supreme Court decision Thursday, the author ______. A．gives a factual account of it and discusses its consequences B．describes the long and complicated process of its making C．presents its main points with conflicting views on them D．cites some cases related to it and analyzes their implications 【答案】56．C 57．D 58．C 59．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国最高法院一项允许各州对更多在线购物收取销售税的决定，分析了其背景、影响以及各方反应。 56．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“States will be able to force more people to pay sales tax when they make online purchases under a Supreme Court decision Thursday that will leave shoppers with lighter wallets but is a big financial win for states.(根据最高法院周四的一项裁决，各州将能够强制更多的人在网上购物时缴纳销售税，这将使购物者的钱包更轻，但对各州来说是一个巨大的财政胜利)”可知，最高法院周四的裁决将使更多网购者支付销售税。故选C。 57．推理判断题。根据第二段“The Supreme Court’s opinion Thursday overruled a pair of decades-old decisions that states said cost them billions of dollars in lost revenue annually.(最高法院星期四的意见推翻了两项已有数十年历史的裁决，各州表示，这两项裁决每年造成数十亿美元的收入损失)”以及第三段的“The cases the court overturned said that if a business was shipping a customer’s purchase to a state where the business didn’t have a physical presence such as a warehouse or office, the business didn’t have to collect sales tax for the state. Customers were generally responsible for paying the sales tax to the state themselves if they weren’t charged it, but most didn’t realize they owed it and few paid.(法院推翻的案件称，如果一家企业将客户的购买品运往一个没有实体存在的州，如仓库或办公室，则该企业不必为该州征收销售税。如果没有向客户收取销售税，他们通常有责任自己向州政府支付，但大多数客户没有意识到他们欠了这笔税，很少有人支付)”可知，被推翻的决定导致州政府每年损失数十亿美元的收入，由此可推知，推翻的案件被认为是不利于州政府的。故选D。 58．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Kennedy wrote that the rule “limited States’ ability to seek long-term prosperity and has prevented market participants from competing on an even playing field.”(肯尼迪写道，该规则“限制了各国寻求长期繁荣的能力，并阻止了市场参与者在公平的竞争环境中竞争。”)”可知，肯尼迪认为实体存在规则限制了州寻求长期繁荣的能力，并阻碍了市场参与者在公平竞争环境中的竞争，即妨碍了经济发展。故选C。 59．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章首先陈述了最高法院的这一裁决及其对消费者和州政府的影响（即更多网购需缴纳销售税，州政府收入增加），然后在后续段落中讨论了该裁决对不同商家群体（如大型连锁店、纯在线零售商、小型企业）的可能影响，由此可推知，在处理最高法院星期四的裁决时，作者对其进行了真实的描述并讨论了其后果。故选A。 (B) NEW STORY CONTEST Ah, the New Year — a time for visiting friends and family as we ring out the old, ring in the new and imagine all the new adventures that await us in the year ahead. Who knows what you’ll find when you open the door to your dryer or gaze up at the night sky? Will you write about a visit from a mythical creature, or maybe a lost animal? Will the visitor cause a problem — or solve one? Whoever your visitor is, every buggy in Cricket (an American children’s magazine) Country will be gathered around the mailbox, awaiting the visit of your best story — just 350 words or less, please — featuring a surprising or unexpected visitor. Happy New Year! Contest Rules Your contest entry must be original. Ideas and words should not be copied. Your entry must be signed by your parent or guardian, saying it is original, that no help was given, and granting Cricket permission to publish prize-winning entries in the May 2024 issue or on our website. Be sure to include your name, age and full address on your entry. Only one entry per person, please. If you want your work returned, enclose a self-addressed, stamped envelope for each entry. Incomplete entries cannot be considered. Your entry will be incomplete if you forget to include your age or the signature of your parent or guardian that confirms that your work is original. Your entry must be received by April 25, 2024. Send entries to Cricket League, P. O. Box 300, Peru, IL 61354. (No faxes or email submissions, please!) 60．The theme of the new story contest is “_________”. A．new adventures B．New Year’s resolution C．unexpected visitors D．surprising inventions 61．Every contest entry must ________. A．be sent by means of email B．arrive after January 25,2018 C．be the contestant’s own work D．contain no less than 350 words 62．Each contestant’s parent or guardian must sign the entry to agree that ________. A．the prize-winning entry can be publicized on the media B．all the required information has been included C．the content of the story is based on a real event D．editors can make revision to the participant’s entry 【答案】60．C 61．C 62．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了“新故事比赛”的参赛主题和比赛规则。 60．细节理解题。根据第一段“Ah, the New Year——a time for visiting friends and family as we ring out the old, ring in the new and imagine all the new adventures that await us in the year ahead.”（啊，新年——一个拜访朋友和家人的时刻，我们辞旧迎新，想象在新的一年里等待我们的所有新的冒险。）以及第三段中“…just 350 words or less, please——featuring a surprising or unexpected visitor. Happy New Year!”（请不要超过350字——讲述一个令人惊讶或意想不到的访客。新年快乐！）可知，新故事比赛的主题是“意想不到的访客”。故选C项。 61．细节理解题。根据Contest Rules中“Your contest entry must be original.  Ideas and words should not be copied.”（你的参赛作品必须是原创的。思想和文字不应该被复制。）以及“Your entry must be signed by your parent or guardian, saying it is original, that no help was given…”（您的参赛作品必须由您的父母或监护人签名，说明它是原创的，没有得到任何帮助。）可知，每个参赛作品必须是参赛者自己的作品。故选C项。 62．细节理解题。根据Contest Rules中“Your entry must be signed by your parent or guardian, saying it is original, that no help was given, and granting Cricket permission to publish prize-winning entries in the May 2024 issue or on our website.”（你的参赛作品必须由你的父母或监护人签名，并表明这是原创作品，没有得到任何帮助，并允许Cricket在2024年5月号或我们的网站上发表获奖作品。）可知，每位参赛者的父母或监护人必须在参赛作品上签名，同意获奖作品可以在媒体上公布。故选A项。 (C) Buying organic (有机的) food may not always be better for the planet or for human health than cheaper options grown with artificial pesticides, according to researchers. There tend to be more birds and bees on organic farms but the benefits may be cancelled out because they produce an average of 19 to 25 perent less food per acre than conventional farms. This means that more land is needed to produce the same amount of food, and land being changed for agriculture is one of the greatest threats to wildlife, researchers at the University of British Columbia said. Organic farms tend to use less energy and produce lower emissions, but “when lower organic yields are taken into account, greenhouse gas emissions might actually be higher under organic management.” The authors of the study, published in Science Advances, said: “We don’t know whether organic agriculture provides any benefits for biodiversity if lower organic yields are taken into account.” Organic farms tend to cause less nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of water systems, but the lower yields could mean that nitrogen loss per unit of food produced is higher than on conventional farms. The authors argued that in countries such as Canada, where pesticide regulations are strict and diets are rich in micronutrients, the health benefits of choosing organic might be marginal. They said organically grown food probably contained slightly more micronutrients but it was not clear whether this provided “any actual health benefits to consumers”. The team analyzed organic crop farming across 17 criteria including yield, impact on climate change, farmer livelihood and consumer health. “Organic is often proposed as a good solution to current environmental and food scarcity problems, but we found that the costs and benefits will vary heavily depending on the context,” Verena Seufert, one of the authors, said. They concluded that organic farming is not the only solution to providing a sustainable source of food for an ever-growing global population, but does have an important role to play. “We need to stop the perception of organic and conventional agriculture as two ends of the spectrum. Instead, consumers should demand better practices for both so that we can achieve the world’s food needs in a sustainable way,” Ms. Seufert said. The study, which involved a review of the scientific literature on the environmental and economic performance of organic farms, also found that they were highly dependent on animal manure (排泄物) from conventional farms and added: “It is not clear whether we would have enough organic fertilizers to feed everyone in the world with organic food” Organic food is more expensive and “therefore less accessible to consumers with low income, they said. 63．What does the study find about organic farms? A．They are less than efficient. B．They rely on wildlife species. C．They used to produce added emission. D．They use high-quality pesticides. 64．The word “marginal” (in paragraph 6) is closest in meaning to __________. A．irregular B．unlimited C．unimportant D．irrelevant 65．What can be inferred from the passage about organic agriculture? A．Its benefits are yet to be confirmed by review of scientific literature. B．It is perceived as reaching the end of its development like conventional agriculture. C．It is regarded as the opposite of conventional agriculture. D．Its drawbacks outweigh the benefits it yields in most cases. 66．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A．Organic Farming: Balancing Costs and Benefits B．Organic Farming: Winner in Sustainable Agriculture C．Organic Farming: A Cost-Effective Path to a Healthier Planet D．Organic Farming: The Answer to Global Food Scarcity 【答案】63．A 64．C 65．C 66．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有机食品的优点以及其缺点。 63．细节理解题。根据第二段“There tend to be more birds and bees on organic farms but the benefits may be cancelled out because they produce an average of 19 to 25 per cent less food per acre than conventional farms. This means that more land is needed to produce the same amount of food, and land being changed for agriculture is one of the greatest threats to wildlife, researchers at the University of British Columbia said.(有机农场往往有更多的鸟类和蜜蜂，但这些好处可能会被抵消，因为它们每英亩生产的食物平均比传统农场少19%至25%。英属哥伦比亚大学的研究人员说，这意味着需要更多的土地来生产同样数量的食物，而土地被改变为农业是对野生动物的最大威胁之一)”可知，研究发现有机农场效率不高。故选A。 64．词句猜测题。根据划线词后句“They said organically grown food probably contained slightly more micronutrients but it was not clear whether this provided “any actual health benefits to consumers”.(他们表示，有机食品可能含有更少量的微量元素，但尚不清楚这是否“对消费者的健康有任何实际好处”)”可知，选择有机食品对健康的好处可能微乎其微的。所以marginal为“微小的，不重要的”之意。故选C。 65．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段““We need to stop the perception of organic and conventional agriculture as two ends of the spectrum. Instead, consumers should demand better practices for both so that we can achieve the world’s food needs in a sustainable way,” Ms. Seufert said.(“我们需要停止认为有机农业和传统农业是两个极端。相反，消费者应该要求两方面都采取更好的做法，这样我们才能以可持续的方式满足世界粮食需求，”苏弗特女士说)”可推断，有机农业被认为是传统农业的对立面。故选C。 66．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Buying organic (有机的) food may not always be better for the planet or for human health than cheaper options grown with artificial pesticides, according to researchers.(研究人员称，购买有机食品可能并不总是比使用人工杀虫剂种植的廉价食品对地球或人类健康更好)”结合文章主要介绍了有机食品的优点以及其缺点。故A选项“有机农业：平衡代价和好处”最符合文章标题。故选A。 Section C（六选四） Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Beast from the East Causes Chaos Anyone expecting the arrival of spring was bitterly disappointed last week, as freezing temperatures and disruptive (破坏性的)snow swept across the UK. 67 The Beast from the East is a wintry storm caused by a major weather  event  in  the  North Pole. 68 Because it was weakened, cold air from Siberia, in Russia, swept in over Europe, bringing with it low temperatures and snowstorms. From 26 February, people around the country endured temperatures as low as-12 ℃ and some areas were told to expect as much as 20 centimetres of snowfall. 69 It was the first red snow alert ever to be issued in the UK. At least 2,000 schools in England were forced to close. Zoos around the country also shut in order to keep the animals safe and warm. Supermarkets reported queues of people waiting to stock up on supplies. A spokesperson for the Co-op supermarket said it was usual to see sales increase in extreme weather. “People stock up, ready to stay indoors,” he said. Normally, most people would be expecting to see signs of spring blossoming in the first week of March. Incredibly, in spite of the cold weather and official warnings, spring has actually sprung in Cornwall. The head gardeners of six major gardens in the county have reported blooms on their magnolia trees--a sign that the season is changing-even if it doesn’t feel like it. 70 A．A red weather warning--the most extreme-was issued as conditions became dangerous. B．It was all thanks to the so-called Beast from the East. C．There is further heavy snow forecast overnight for the north east and eastern parts of England and isolated showers elsewhere. D．For everyone else, however, the Beast from the East means winter won't be loosening its grip for at least a few days yet. E．Hundreds of trains and dozens of flights were cancelled as London’s transport services were thrown into total confusion. F．There, a rise in air temperature weakened the jet stream (喷射气流), which is a band of strong wind that moves weather around the planet. 【答案】67．B 68．F 69．A 70．D 【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。文章主要讲述寒潮Beast from the East席卷英国。 67．由上文“Anyone expecting the arrival of spring was bitterly disappointed last week, as freezing temperatures and disruptive snow swept across the UK.(上周，严寒的气温和破坏性的大雪席卷了整个英国，所有期待春天到来的人都深感失望)”推知，空处应解释造成这一情况的原因。B项It was all thanks to the so-called Beast from the East.(这一切都要归功于所谓的Beast from the East)符合语境，并且“Beast from the East”也与下文呼应。故选B项。 68．由下文“Because it was weakened, cold air from Siberia, in Russia, swept in over Europe, bringing with it low temperatures and snowstorms. (因为它被削弱了，来自俄罗斯西伯利亚的冷空气席卷了整个欧洲，带来了低温和暴风雪)”可知，这里主要讲气流的削弱，所以冷气流流向欧洲。F项There, a rise in air temperature weakened the jet stream，which is a band of strong wind that moves weather around the planet.(在那里，气温上升减弱了喷射气流，喷射气流是一条强风带，可以改变地球周围的天气)符合语境，其中“weakened the jet stream”和下文“Because it was weakened”对应。故选F项。 69．由后文“It was the first red snow alert ever to be issued in the UK. At least 2,000 schools in England were forced to close. Zoos around the country also shut in order to keep the animals safe and warm. (这是英国有史以来首次发布红色降雪警报。英国至少有2000所学校被迫关闭。为了保护动物的安全和温暖，全国各地的动物园也关闭了)”可知，这里主要讲英国发布了红色降雪警报。A项A red weather warning--the most extreme-was issued as conditions became dangerous.(当天气变得危险时，发出了最极端的红色天气警报)符合语境。其中“A red weather warning”与下文“the first red snow alert”对应。故选A项。 70．由上文“Normally, most people would be expecting to see signs of spring blossoming in the first week of March. Incredibly, in spite of the cold weather and official warnings, spring has actually sprung in Cornwall. The head gardeners of six major gardens in the county have reported blooms on their magnolia trees --a sign that the season is changing-even if it doesn't feel like it.(通常，大多数人都希望在三月的第一周看到春天开花的迹象。令人难以置信的是，尽管天气寒冷，官方也发出警告，康沃尔郡却迎来了春天。该县六大花园的园长报告说，他们的木兰树开花了，这表明季节正在改变，即使感觉不到)”可知，一些地方天气已经回暖，D项For everyone else, however, the Beast from the East means winter won’t be loosening its grip for at least a few days yet.(然而，对于其他人来说，the Beast from the East意味着冬天至少在几天内不会放松)符合语境，其中 however表与前文转折，“a sign that the season is changing”与后文“winter won’t be loosening its grip for at least a few days yet”形成对比。故选D项。 IV.Summary Writing（写作概要）(共20分) Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Ways to Stay Motivated Many distance learners agree that the most difficult part of studying online is staying motivated. Because students must take the initiative to complete their courses completely on their own, without the physical presence of teachers and other peers, many students find it easy to become distracted and discouraged in their work. Don’t let this happen to you-plan ways for yourself to stay motivated before you’re tempted to stray from your books. Use the following motivational tips to stay on task. Find a friend or relative who has similar interests or who would enjoy hearing about your studies and let them know what’s going on in your classes. You’ll understand the material better when you have a chance to explain it out loud and will be motivated to stay on task in order to keep up with the conversation. Don’t rely on campus consultant; design your own map of completed classes and post it somewhere that is visible daily. There’s a certain satisfaction that comes with watching your goals be accomplished. When times get hard, you can always turn to your chart and see how far you’ve come. You get rewarded for good credit and safe driving. Why shouldn’t you reward yourself for doing well in your coursework? Whether it be a night on the town, a new dress, or even a new car, setting up a reward system just may be the extra push you need to succeed. If you stick to your system, you may find yourself pleasantly surprised. 71.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 Here are some tips for distance learners to stay motivated. Firstly, discussing studies with a friend or relative to better understand the material and stay motivated. Secondly, tracking progress visually by designing a map of completed classes. Finally, setting up a reward system for good coursework performance in order to stick to your system. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些建议可以让远程学习者保持积极性。首先，与朋友或亲戚讨论学习，以便更好地理解材料并保持动力。其次，通过设计完成课程的地图来可视化地跟踪进度。最后，为优秀的课程表现建立一个奖励机制，以便坚持你的制度。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Many distance learners agree that the most difficult part of studying online is staying motivated. Use the following motivational tips to stay on task. ②Find a friend or relative who has similar interests or who would enjoy hearing about your studies and let them know what’s going on in your classes. ③Don’t rely on campus consultant; design your own map of completed classes and post it somewhere that is visible daily. ④You get rewarded for good credit and safe driving. Why shouldn’t you reward yourself for doing well in your coursework? If you stick to your system, you may find yourself pleasantly surprised. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。 3.遣词造句 Here are some tips for distance learners to stay motivated. Firstly, discussing studies with a friend or relative to better understand the material and stay motivated. Secondly, tracking progress visually by designing a map of completed classes. Finally, setting up a reward system for good coursework performance in order to stick to your system. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Secondly, tracking progress visually by designing a map of completed classes.运用动名词作宾语对原文第三段进行了概括。 [高分句型2] Finally, setting up a reward system for good coursework performance in order to stick to your system.用不定式短语in order to作目的状语对最后一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。 V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)（翻译） Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 72.说到是什么吸引她来这所乡村学校做志愿者，她热衷于教育，相信教育能保证孩子们过上安全健康的日子。（appeal v.）（汉译英） 【答案】When it comes to what appeals to her to volunteer in the country school, she is enthusiastic about education/ she is keen on education, believing/convinced that education can ensure the kids a safe and sound life. 【详解】考查固定句型、宾语从句和非谓语动词。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，“说到”使用固定句型when it comes to，“是什么吸引她来这所乡村学校做志愿者”译为一个宾语从句，作介词to的宾语，“吸引某人做某事”使用动词短语appeal to sb to do sth，“来这所乡村学校做志愿者”译为volunteer in the country school，引导词在从句中作主语，表示“什么”使用连接代词what引导，谓语使用单数；“热衷于”使用固定短语be enthusiastic about/be keen on，“相信”使用动词believe/convince，believe和逻辑主语she之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作状语，convince和逻辑主语she之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作状语，“教育能保证孩子们过上安全健康的日子”译为一个宾语从句，“能”使用情态动词can，后接动词原形，“确保某人得到某物”使用动词短语ensure sb sth，“安全健康的日子”译为a safe and sound life，故从句译为education can ensure the kids a safe and sound life，结构、意义完整，使用连接词that引导。综上，故翻译为：When it comes to what appeals to her to volunteer in the country school, she is enthusiastic about education/she is keen on education, believing/convinced that education can ensure the kids a safe and sound life. 73.尤其是女性持有这样的观念：她们穿戴的银饰越多，就显得越漂亮富有。（in particular）(汉译英) 【答案】Women, in particular, hold the belief that the more silver they wear, the more beautiful and wealthy they will look. 【详解】考查时态、同位语从句和固定句型。分析原句，“尤其是女性持有这样的观念”是主句，“尤其”作状语，用in particular表示，“女性”是主语，用复数名词women表示，“持有”是谓语动词，描述普通现象，用一般现在时态，用hold表示，“这样的观念”是宾语，用the belief表示，主句译为women, in particular, hold the belief；“她们穿戴的银饰越多，就显得越漂亮富有”是对主句宾语the belief内容的解释说明，可处理为同位语从句，用连词that引导，表示“越……，就越……”用固定句型the more..., the more...，“穿戴”用动词wear，“银饰”用名词silver，“显得”用系动词look，“漂亮富有”用形容词beautiful and wealthy，同位语从句可译为that the more silver they wear, the more beautiful and wealthy they will look。故翻译为Women, in particular, hold the belief that the more silver they wear, the more beautiful and wealthy they will look。 74.在异国他乡，使我不能入乡随俗的不是文化差异，而是无法吃上一口我从小熟悉的上海菜。（familiar）(汉译英) 【答案】In a foreign country, what prevents me from fitting into the locals/the new environment/going native was not the culture gap/difference, but the inability/failure to have a bite of Shanghai cuisine/food/dishes that I had been familiar with/that was familiar to me since childhood. 【详解】考查主语从句以及定语从句。“在异国他乡”可以翻译为“in a foreign country”，为介词短语在句中作状语。句子为主系表结构，句子表示过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态。主语从句充当主语，“使我不能入乡随俗的”翻译为“what prevents me from fitting into the locals/the new environment/going native”，what引导主语从句，在从句中充当主语，prevent sb. from doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。主语从句描述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态。not…but…“不是……而是……”；“文化差异”可以翻译为“the culture gap/difference”。the inability/failure to do sth.“无法做某事”，“吃上一口上海菜”可以翻译为“have a bite of Shanghai cuisine/food/dishes”，后面接定语从句修饰先行词cuisine/food/dishes，且可以在定语从句中作宾语，也可以做主语，所以用关系代词that引导；“某人熟悉某事”可以用短语“sb.be familiar with sth.”，“某事为某人所熟知”可以翻译为“sth.be familiar to sb.”“从小”可以翻译为“since childhood”，主句为一般过去时态，所以此处从句的时态为过去完成时，表示发生在过去的过去，所以定语从句可以翻译为“that I had been familiar with/that was familiar to me since childhood”。故翻译为In a foreign country, what prevents me from fitting into the locals/the new environment/going native was not the culture gap/difference, but the inability/failure to have a bite of Shanghai cuisine/food/dishes that I had been familiar with/that was familiar to me since childhood. 75.如果全中国的学校教材每年被循环使用一年，节约的费用可以援建约4万所希望小学。(cost) (汉译英) 【答案】If the school textbooks across China are recycled for an additional year every year, the saving costs can help build about 40000 Hope Primary Schools. 【详解】考查if的主从句时态以及被动语态。根据句意可知，前半句是if引导的条件句，时态是一般现在时；主语“教材”和谓语“循环使用”构成被动关系，因此用一般现在时态的被动语态am/is/are +done表示；表示“全中国的学校教材”短语为the school textbooks across China；表示“被循环使用一年”用被动语态are recycled for an additional year；时间状语“每年”翻译成every year，置于句尾；故从句翻译为If the school textbooks across China are recycled for an additional year every year；if的主语时态应该是一般将来时，本句谓语为情态动词，故用can原形做谓语；表示“节约的费用”表示为the saving costs；表示“可以援建”翻译为can help build；表示“约4万所希望小学”翻译为about 40000 Hope Primary Schools；故主句部分翻译为the saving costs can help build about 40000 Hope Primary Schools。故整句翻译为If the school textbooks across China are recycled for an additional year every year, the saving costs can help build about 40000 Hope Primary Schools。 VI.Guided Writing (共25分) 作文 Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是启明中学高一学生李明。临近期末，你的英语老师正在设计暑假作业，现征求学生意见。请写一封电子邮件给老师，内容须包含： 1. 不同形式与内容的作业建议2-3条； 2. 给出你的理由。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear Mrs. Wang, When conveyed that you are soliciting opinions concerning designing summer homework, I feel delighted and hasten to express my suggestions and opinions. To begin with, I think it is a better form to complete a sentence with the correct words, because in this way can we check whether we have mastered the words we have learned this term. More importantly, writing in English reflects students’ comprehensive learning of the English language. Thus I strongly suggest that you put this form of homework on your list. I think it will be very helpful to the students. I hope that you can take my suggestions into consideration. And I have the confidence that the homework you will give us will be reasonable and practical. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一封建议信，为英语老师的暑假作业提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 涉及：concerning → involving 高兴的：delighted → joyful 以这种方法：in this way → with this method 学期：term → semester 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Thus I strongly suggest that you put this form of homework on your list. I think it will be very helpful to the students. 拓展句：Thus I strongly suggest that you put this form of homework on your list, which I think will be very helpful to the students. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When conveyed that you are soliciting opinions concerning designing summer homework, I feel delighted and hasten to express my suggestions and opinions. (运用了状语从句的省略和that引导宾语从句) 【高分句型2】And I have the confidence that the homework you will give us will be reasonable and practical. (运用了that引导的同位语从句和省略关系代词引导的限制性定语从句) 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（61北京）股份有限公司1 / 7 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$2023学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高3英语听力部分现在开始，请同学们。做好准备。Listening comprehension section a directions in such a, you are a potential conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was served. The conversations and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear AA conversation and question about IT, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard one, hey, I heard you into photography. What got you into IT? Yeah, I love capturing moments. IT started as a hobby, and now I can't get enough . question. What is the woman's hobby? Two, the weather is gloomy today. I love ready days, though. How about you? Rainy days are cozy, but I prefer the sun. IT lifts . my mood question, what does the woman prefer? Three, I heard you got a promotion. congratulations. How is the new row? thanks. It's chAllenging, but exciting learning a lot. Question, what recently happened to the woman? For if you could troubled anywhere. where would you go? I've always dreamed of expLoring the ancient ruins. Increase . question, what is the woman's probable dream travel destination? Five, I saw you at the gym yesterday. I'll into fitness. Yeah, trying to stay healthy. Do you work out . to question, what did the men see the woman doing? Six, where do you see yourself in five years. hopefully running my own business? How about you . question what do they discuss regarding the woman's future? Seven, I tried this amazing sushi place downtown. Do you like sushi? Oh, I love sushi. Did you try the dragon rose? Yes, they were delicious. What's your favorite type of sushi? I'm a fan of sushi, especially salmon. Have you been to any other good sushi spots? Question, what is the woman's favorite ite type of sushi? Aid i've been thinking about further ing my studies considering a masters degree. that's a big decision. What field are you thinking of? I'm leaning towards environmental science. IT matches my love for sustainability. That's great. IT seems that environmental biology and environmental mental chemistry are popular nowadays. Question, what field is the woman considering for her masters degree? Nine, have you seen the latest advances in virtual reality? Yeah, it's mind blowing. Have you tried any V, R, games or experiences? Not yet. But i'm curious, what do you think we r will be used for in the future? I think IT has potential in education and training. Imagine virtual classrooms or simulations. Question, what does the man think virtual reality will be used for in the future? I've started a new fitness routine focusing on strength training. That's great. What's your goal? With a new routine? I want to build muscle and improve overall strength. How about you any fit? This goes I me to yoga for flexibility. My goal is to master some advanced poses. Do you do any flexibility exercises? Question, what is the woman's fitness goal and yoga? Section b directions in section b you are here, two short passengers and a one longer conversation, and they'll be asked to several questions on the each of the passengers and the conversation. The passengers and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible transfers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question. Have heard questions . eleven through thirteen are based on the following passage. Welcome to today's discussion on the importance of tooth protection for maintaining ideal oral health. Taking care of your teeth is not just about achieving a bright smile. IT is a crucial aspect of overall well being. Let's explore some key strategies for effective tooth protection. Firstly, regular brushing with floor right tooth space is the corner stone of a good oral hygiene. Rushing your teeth twice AO in the morning and before bedtime helps remove a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth, which can lead to truth decay and gun disease is not properly addressed. In addition to brushing, integrating dental flaws into your daily routine is essential. Dental flaws helps clean between teeth where tools rush has might not reach. This helps prevent the risk of developing tours decay in those hard to reach areas. Furthermore, being aware of your diet plays a significant role in tooth protector. Limiting the consumption of sugar, y foods and soft drinks is crucial as sugar provides a breeding ground for harmful bacteria that erode tooth and animal. Choose a baLanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables and the diary products to promote strong and healthy. Two, for individuals involved in sports or physical activities, wearing a mouth guard is a positive measure for tooth protection. Most guys act as a cushion, absorbing the impact of bows to the face and preventing dental injuries such as chipped or knocked out to. Lastly, regular dental checkup of vital dentists can identify early signs of dental issues, allowing for timely intervention and preventing the progression of problems. Professional cleaning and examinations are key components of practical tooth protection. Now listen again. please welcome to today's discussion . on the importance of tooth protection for maintaining ideal oral health. Taking care of your teeth is not just about achieving a bright smile is a crucial aspect of overall well being. Let's explore some key strategies for effective tooth protection. Firstly, regular brushing with full right toothpaste is the cornerstone of good oral hygiene. Brushing your teeth twice a day in the morning and before bed time helps to remove a sticky film of bacteria forms on eth, which can lead to two deck and gum disease if not properly address. In addition to brushing, integrating dental flaws into your daily routine is essential. Dental flaws helps clean between teeth where tooth rush hairs might not reach this house, prevent the risk of developing two decay in those hard to reach areas. Furthermore, being aware of your diet plays a significant role in tooth protection. Limiting the consumption of sugar, y foods and soft drink is crucial as sugar provides a breeding ground for harmful bacteria that ero tooth and a mo tours of baLance ed diet rich in fruits, vegetables and dairy products to promote strong and healthy teeth. For individuals involved in sports or physical activities, wearing a mouth guard is a positive measure for tooth protection. Mouth guards act as a cushion, absorbing the impact of blows to the face and preventing dental injuries. Suggest tip or knocked out teeth. Lastly, regular dental checkup are vital. Dentists can identify early signs of dental issues, allowing for timely intervention and preventing the progression of problems. Professional cleaning and examinations are key components of practical tooth protection. Question eleven, how often is that recommended to brush your teeth for effective tools protection? Questioned twelve, why is limiting the consumption of sugary foods and soft drink important for tooth protection? Question thirteen, what is the significance of regular dentil checkup PS in tu protection? Questions fourteen through sixteen are based on the following passage. In the fast paced world we live in today, the convenience of fast food delivery has become an essential part of our food culture. The ability to enjoy our favorite meals without leaving the comfort of our homes has transformed the way we approached dining. Let's explore the various aspects that make fast food delivery a popular and efficient choice for many. Firstly, the convenience factor cannot be overstated. With just a few taps on the mobile APP or a quick phone call, you can have a variety of delicious dishes delivered the right to your doorstep. This convenience is particularly appreciated on busy days when cooking or going out for a meal may not be practical. Speed is another key element of fast delivery. Your service, many restaurants are laying great emphasis on quick preparation and delivery, ensuring that your food arrives hott and fresh. This is made possible by advanced supply chain and technology, allowing for efficient order processing and accurate delivering time estimates. Diversity in menu options is a significant advantage of fast food delivery, whether you're a longing for pizza, burgers, sushi or even some local flavors, you can explore a diverse range of choices from various restaurants without leaving your home. This variety meets the needs of different tastes and preferences, making fast to delivery a veritable option for individuals and families. While fossil delivery offers many advantages, IT is essential to strike a baLance and maintain a healthy approach to food choices. Balancing between homes, cook meals and the occasion of fast food trade make sure your food experience is enjoyable and a varied. Now listen again, please. In the fast paced world we live in today, the convenience of fast food delivery has become an essential part of our food culture. The ability to enjoy our favorite meals without leaving the comfort our homes has transformed the way we approach dining. Let's explore the various aspects that make fast food delivery a popular and efficient choice for many. Firstly, the convenience factor cannot be overstated. With just a few types on a mobile APP or a quick phone call, you can have a variety of delicious dishes delivered. Write to your doorstep. This convenience is particularly appreciated on busy days when cooking or going out for a meal may not be practical. Speed is another key element of fast food delivery services. Many restaurants are laying great emphasis on quick preparation and delivery, ensuring that your food arrives hot and fresh. This is made possible by adverse supply chain and technology, allowing for efficient order processing and accurate delivery time estimates. Diversity in menu options is a significant advantage of fast food delivery. Whether you are longing for pizza, burgers, sushi or even some local flavors, you can explore a diverse range of choices from various restaurants without leaving your home. This variety means the need of different tastes and preferences, making fast food delivery a versatile option for individuals and families. While fast delivery offers many advantages, is essential to strike, baLance and maintain a healthy approach to food choices, balancing between home cold meals and the occasional fast food treat make sure your food experience is enjoyable and varied. Question fourteen, what is a significant advantage of fast food delivery in today's busy world? Question fifteen, how do many fast food delivery services ensure food arrives hot and fresh? Question sixteen, what is a notable advantage of the diverse menu options and fast food delivery? Question seventeen through twenty are based on the following conversation. Mark, i'm so excited about our trip to europe, but i've been thinking a lot about staying safe while we are there. Any tips? Absolutely, lisa, safeties are top priority is first things first, make copies of your important documents like passports and travel insurance, keep one set with you and leave another with someone you trust back home. And IT is unacceptable to share copies with fellow travellers. That's a good idea. I've heard about travel insurance, but i'm not sure what IT covers. Travel insurance is a lifesaver. IT typically covers medical emergencies, trip cancellations and even lost baggage. IT is a small investment for peace of mind. Great advice. What about staying connected with our families? We should have a plan for communication. We can use message and apps with wifi, but is also wise to have a local same card for emergencies, and don't forget to a check in regularly, especially when we change locations. true. Now what about our belongings? I've read about pick pocketing being common in some places. Absolutely invest in some anti theft gear like RAV ID blocking wallets and a backpacks. Be aware of your surroundings, especially crowded areas, and use hotel saves for valuables. Good point. Now what about health precautions? I've heard stories about travellers getting sick. Research vaccinates and health recommendations for our destination. Pack a small first aid kit with essentials and be cautious about what you eat and drink. It's crucial to drink enough water every day. Thanks, mark. These are all excEllent tips. I feel more prepared IT. Now, no problem. Laser is all about being proactive than aware. Now let's enjoy our coffee. And I finalized our. Now listen again, please. Mark, i'm so excited about our trip to europe, but i've been thinking a lot about staying safe while we are there. Any tips? absolutely. Laser safeties are top priority. First things first, make copies of your important documents like passports and travel insurance. Keep one set with you and leave another with someone you trust back home. And IT is unacceptable to share copies with fellow travellers. That's a good idea. I've heard about travel insurance, but i'm not sure . what IT covers. Travel insurance is a lifesaver. IT typically covers medical emergencies, trip cancellations and even lost baggage. IT is a small investment for peace of mind. Great advice. What about staying connected with our families? We should have a plan for communication. We can use message and apps with wifi, but is also wise to have a local same card for emergencies. And don't forget to a check in regularly, especially when we change locations. true. Now what about our belongings? I've read about pick pocketing being common in some places. absolutely. Invest in some anti theft gear like ref ID, blocking wallets and a backpacks. Be aware of your surroundings, especially crowded areas, and use hotel saves for valuables. Good point. Now what about health precautions? I've her stories about travellers . getting sick research, vaccinations and health recommendations for our destination. Pack a small first aid kit with essentials and be cautious about what you eat and drink. It's crucial to drink enough water every day. Thanks, mark. These are all excEllent tips. I feel more prepared IT. Now, no problem. Laser is all about being proactive than aware. Now let's enjoy our coffee and I finalize our I didn't . free question seventeen. What does mark suggest about important documents like passports? Question eighteen, how does mock recommend staying connected with family during the trip? Question nineteen, what precautionary measures does mark suggest for avoiding pid pocketing? Question twenty, what health precautions does mark advice for the trip? 听力到此结束，请同学们继续答题。