Unit 3 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas(Word教参)-【优化指导】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第二册（外研版2019）

Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas [对应学生用书P66] Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．era n．时代，年代 2．alongside prep.(与……)一起 3．solid adj.坚实的 4．cafeteria n．自助餐厅 5．component n．组成部分 6．category n．类别 7．facilitate v．促进；使便利 8．secondary adj.次要的，第二位的 9．comic n．连环漫画 10．costume n．化装服 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 1．emphasise v．强调→emphasis n．重要性；强调 2．reconstruct v．修复；重建；重造→reconstruction n．重建；修复 3．journal n．刊物，杂志；日志，日记→journalist n．新闻工作者；新闻记者→journalism n．新闻业；新闻工作 4．reform n．改进；改革→reformer n．改革者；改良者；改造者 5．social adj.社会的；社交的→socialist adj.社会主义的 n．社会主义者→socialism n．社会主义 6．economy n．经济→economic adj.经济(上)的 7．occupy vt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)→occupation n．工作，职业；占领；(对建筑物的)占用 8．intend vt.& vi.打算；计划；想要→intention n．意图，目的 9．adapt vi.& vt.(使)适应；改编→adaptation n．改编版；适应→adaptable adj.能适应的；有适应能力的 10．expand v．(使)扩大；增加→expansion n．(尺寸、范围、数量等的)扩大，增加 11．emotion n．情绪，情感→emotional adj.情绪(上)的，情感(上)的 12．access vt.进入；使用 n．通道；机会→accessible adj.易懂的；易接近的；可进入的 13．tend v．往往会；趋向；照料→tendency n．倾向，偏好；趋势，趋向 14．educate vt.教育；教导→educator n．教育工作者→education n．教育；培养 15．urge v．敦促；催促；力劝→urgent adj.迫切的→urgently adv.紧急地；急迫地 16．convince vt.说服；使相信；使确信→ convinced adj.深信的；确信的→convincing adj.有说服力的，使人信服的 名词加后缀­al构成形容词。形容词后缀­al表示“……的”。 emotion→emotional　person→personal continent→continental　region→regiona Ⅲ.短语互译 1．限于 be limited to 2．铺平道路；创造条件 pave the way 3．代替 instead of 4．寻找 search for 5．由于，因为 due to 6．比……有优势，胜过…… have an advantage over 7．for instance 例如 8．take away 带走；拿走 9．a string of 一连串的 10．for the first time 第一次 Ⅳ.重点句式 1．句型：时间状语从句的省略 教材原句：(1)While waiting outside the cafeteria，I received the following message from my friend. 翻译：我在自助餐厅外等候时，收到了来自我朋友的以下信息。 (2)When first introduced in Japan in 1999，emojis were limited to 176 simple designs. 翻译：表情符号于1999年首次引入日本时，仅有176种简单的设计。 2．句型：主语＋be＋形容词＋to do 教材原句：People like them because they add emotional meaning，and are quick and easy to use. 翻译：人们喜欢它们，因为它们增添了语言的情感含义，使用方便快捷。 3．句型：“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构 教材原句：Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures，and forget how to write properly. 翻译：或许有一天，人们会选择用图片来交流，而忘记怎样正确书写。 [对应学生用书P68] ◆难词注解 ①cafeteria n．自助餐厅 ②following adj.以下的，下列的 ③sign n．符号 ④run late晚了；迟到 run early/on time早了/准时 ⑤instead of代替，而不是 ⑥reply with以……回复/回应 ⑦search for寻找，搜寻 ⑧emoji n．表情符号 ⑨attempt n．尝试，企图 ⑩follow the trend顺应潮流 ⑪social media社交媒体 ⑫integral adj.不可缺少的 ⑬component n．组成部分 ⑭literally adv.照字面地 ⑮symbol n．象征；标志；符号；记号 ⑯represent v．代表 ⑰category n．类别 ⑱introduce ...in/into ...把……引入…… ⑲be limited to ...局限于…… ⑳expand v．(使)扩大；增加 ㉑due to由于，因为 ㉒popularity n．欢迎；流行 ㉓for the first time ever有史以来第一次 ㉔pictograph n．象形图 备课札记 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ㉕have an advantage over比……占优势 ㉖written language书面语言 ㉗emotional adj.情绪(上)的，情感(上)的 ㉘be similar to与……相似 ㉙gesture n．手势，姿势 ㉚facial adj.脸上的；面部的 facial expression面部表情 ㉛appropriate adj.合适的 ㉜for instance例如 ㉝a string of一连串，一系列 ㉞separation n．分离 ㉟classical literature经典文学 ㊱replace A with B　用B代替A ㊲textspeak n．短信简写语 ㊳intention n．意图，目的 ㊴adaptation n．改编版 ㊵accessible adj.易懂的 ㊶version n．版本 ㊷take away拿走；带走 ㊸soul n．精神；灵魂 ㊹tendency n．趋势 ㊺facilitate v．促进；使便利 ㊻educator n．教育工作者 ㊼properly adv.适当地 ㊽after all毕竟；终究 ㊾(be) packed with挤满…… ㊿one day＝some day有朝一日 choose to do sth.选择做某事 pictorial adj.图画的 for now目前；暂时 备课札记 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.原文释译 Emojis：a new language？ ❶While waiting outside the cafeteria①，I received the following② message from my friend： ❶省略主语和谓语的时间状语从句，补充完整为While I was waiting outside the cafeteria。 It took me a minute ❷before I realised what it meant．❸The signs③ he used were to say that he'd be running late④ and would be there soon.Instead of⑤ replying with⑥ a simple “OK，don't rush”，I searched for⑦ emojis⑧ on my phone ❹that would express the same message： ❷before引导时间状语从句，其中what引导宾语从句，作realised的宾语。 ❸he used 为省略关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰The signs；“to say that ...”为动词不定式作表语，其中that引导宾语从句。 ❹that引导定语从句，修饰emojis，that在从句中作主语。 This was my attempt⑨ to follow the trend⑩ of communicating with emojis.Emojis are used everywhere，from text messages to emails，blogs and other social media⑪ networks.With the rapid development of social media，emojis are becoming an integral⑫ component⑬ of the language ❺we use to express ourselves． ❺是省略关系代词that/which 的定语从句，修饰the language。 The word “emoji” comes from Japanese，literally⑭ meaning “picture character”．Emojis are small symbols⑮ representing⑯ ideas，emotions or feelings.They come in different categories⑰，such as faces and people，plants and animals，and food and drink. ❻When first introduced in⑱ Japan in 1999，emojis were limited to⑲ 176 simple designs.Now there are more than 3，000 emojis ❼that expand⑳ upon the way in which we communicate．Due to㉑ their popularity㉒，the Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year in 2015 was，for the first time ever㉓，a pictograph㉔ instead of a traditional word. ❻是时间状语从句的省略，补充完整为When they were first introduced in Japan in 1999。 ❼that引导定语从句，修饰emojis，其中in which引导定语从句，修饰the way。 In today's world，emojis have become more and more popular.It seems that emojis have clear advantages over㉕ written language㉖.People like them because they add emotional㉗ meaning，and are quick and easy to use.In fact，this is similar to㉘ the gestures㉙ ❽we use when we speak．❾With a smiling or sad face added to a message or post，your reader can “see” your facial㉚ expression while reading your words.Emojis can also help people express their feelings when they cannot find the appropriate㉛ words.For instance㉜，if your friend is moving across the country，you may just send them a string of㉝ crying faces to express your sadness over your separation㉞. ❽是省略关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰the gestures；其中when引导时间状语从句。 ❾是with复合结构(with＋宾语＋宾语补足语)，face和add之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾语补足语。 The use of emojis has even spread to classical literature㉟.A Shakespeare series for young readers has taken William Shakespeare's popular plays and replaced some words with㊱ textspeak㊲ and emojis.The intention㊳ of these adaptations㊴ is to make the classics more accessible㊵ to young readers．Some people，however，believe that these new versions㊶ have taken away㊷ the heart and soul㊸ of Shakespeare's plays. 不定式短语作表语，其中“make the classics more accessible ...”是“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 As we can see，emojis have a tendency㊹ to pop up all over the place.Users of emojis say that they facilitate㊺ the way in which we communicate and express ourselves．But this makes others，especially educators㊻，worry that we are losing the ability to communicate properly㊼ using the written word，or even the spoken word.After all㊽，how many of us today would rather send a message packed with㊾ emojis than make a telephone call？Perhaps people will one day㊿ choose to communicate in pictures，and forget how to write properly.On that day，emojis will have become a real pictorial “language”．But，for now，maybe it's best that we just enjoy using them． as引导非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句的内容，as意为“正如”。 that引导宾语从句，其中in which引导定语从句，修饰the way。 本句是“would rather do ...than do ...”句式，意为“宁愿做……而不愿做……”；其中过去分词短语packed with emojis作后置定语，修饰a message。 在“it's best that ...”中，it是形式主语，that引导的主语从句是真正的主语，that不能省略。 Ⅱ.文本理解 ►主旨大意 The text is mainly about the new language of emojis． ►文章架构 Current situation Emojis are used 1.everywhere，and they are becoming an important language we use to express ourselves. Origin Emojis are small 2.symbols，meaning “picture character”；first introduced in Japan in 1999，emojis were 3.limited to 176 simple designs. Being popular Emojis have clear 4.advantages over written language；emojis have even 5.spread to classical literature. Conclusion We'd better use the 6.written word rather than emojis. ►细节探究 1．What made the Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year in 2015 use a pictograph？ (　　) A.Simple designs. B．E­mails. C．The popularity of emojis. D．Blogs. 2．Why have emojis become more and more popular according to the passage？ (　　) A．Emojis can replace written language completely. B．Emojis are a new kind of language. C.Emojis add emotional meaning and are quick and easy to use. D.People can't express their feelings without emojis. 3．Why do people use emojis in classics？ (　　) A．To replace the old version. B．To attract more young readers. C.To take away the heart and soul of Shakespeare's plays. D.To make it easier for young readers to understand the classics. 4．What can we infer from the text？ (　　) A.Emojis are sure to take the place of the written word. B．Emojis are a language that we have to use. C．Emojis will gradually disappear as time goes by. D．Not all the people support the use of emojis. 答案：1～4　CCDD ►课文语法填空 Nowadays “emojis” are used everywhere.The word “emoji”comes 1.from Japanese，literally meaning “picture character”．When first 2.introduced(introduce) in Japan in 1999，emojis 3.were limited(limit)to 176 simple designs.Now there 4.are(be) more than 3，000 emojis that expand upon the way in 5.which we communicate.In today's world，emojis have become more and 6.more popular(popular).The use of emojis has even spread to 7.classical(classic) literature，which makes the classics more 8.accessible(access) to young readers.However，some people think these new 9.versions(version) have taken away the heart and soul of Shakespeare's plays.Perhaps emojis will become a real pictorial “language” one day.10.But, for now, maybe it's best that we just enjoy using them. [对应学生用书P71] 1 emphasise v．强调 Which sentence emphasises process and which emphasises result? 哪个句子强调过程，哪个强调结果？ [要点突破] ①emphasise the importance of强调……的重要性 ②emphasis n．重要性；强调 put/lay/place emphasis on sth.强调/重视某事 [写作佳句] 　All in all，we can never emphasise the importance of protecting the environment too much. 总之，我们再怎么强调保护环境的重要性也不为过。 [学以致用] 　单句填空/完成句子 ①Material advance and spiritual enrichment should be emphasised(emphasise) equally. ②The government should lay special emphasis on environmental protection. ③教师应强调保护儿童视力的重要性。 Teachers should emphasise the importance of protecting children's eyesight. 　2 expand v．(使)扩大；增加；细谈；详述 　Now there are more than 3，000 emojis that expand upon the way in which we communicate. 现在有3 000多个表情符号，拓展了我们交流的方式。 [情境探究] 写出下列句中expand的含义 ①I will expand on this topic in the next class to make you more clear about it. 细谈；详述 ②The company has expanded its operations in Stanford by opening a new branch office there. 扩大 [要点突破] ①expand into扩展成；扩大成 expand ...into ...把……扩展成…… expand on/upon详述；充分叙述 ②expansion n．扩张；扩展；扩大；膨胀 [写作佳句] 　①You need to expand your Chinese vocabulary，thus potentially helping you better fit into the class. 你需要扩大你的汉语词汇量，这样可能会帮助你更好地融入课堂。 ②The writer is expanding the story of the money and a few jars into a novel. 这位作家正把钱和罐子的故事扩展成一部小说。 [学以致用] 　单句填空/完成句子 ①The teacher is teaching the students how to expand one sentence into a paragraph. ②The book is an expansion(expand) of a series of lectures given last year. ③请您把“一带一路”倡议给在座的各位朋友详细说明一下好吗？ Could you expand on/upon the Belt and Road Initiative to all the friends present here，please？ 3 intention n．意图，目的 The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers. 这些改写的目的是使经典著作更容易被年轻读者接受。 [要点突破] ①with the intention of有……的打算/目的 ②intend v．打算，计划；想要 intend to do/doing sth.打算做某事 intend sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事 ③be intended for ...为……而打算/设计；旨在 be intended to do ...打算做…… [写作佳句] When I arrived at the event，I came with the intention and desire to help uplift this young man's spirits. 当我到达活动现场时，我带着帮助这个年轻人振奋精神的意图和愿望而来。 had intended to表示本打算做某事，但实际没做成。有类似用法的动词还有plan、hope、think等。 [学以致用] 单句填空/一句多译 ①They intended to launch/launching(launch) a campaign to raise money for the project. ②He had intended to return(return) today，but he postponed the trip due to the horrible weather. ③The book is intended for children，and you can buy one for your little son. ④He queued up for a whole day，with the intention(intend) of getting a ticket to a jazz concert. ⑤他决定出国学习，因为他想提高英语水平。 →He has decided to go abroad to study，for he intends to improve/improving his English.(intend) →He has decided to go abroad to study with the intention of improving his English.(intention) 4 adaptation n．改编版；改编本；改写本；适应 The intention of these adaptations is to make the classics more accessible to young readers. 这些改写的目的是使经典著作更容易被年轻读者接受。 [要点突破] ①adapt v．使适应；使适合；改编；改写 adapt (...) to (使……)适应…… adapt oneself to (doing) sth.使某人自己适应(做)某事 adapt ...from ...根据……改编/改写 adapt ...for ...为……改编/改写；改造……以供……之用 ②adaptable adj.有适应能力的；能适应的 [写作佳句] To make you adapt to online learning smoothly，you had better follow the class schedule strictly. 为了使你顺利适应在线学习，你最好严格遵守课程表。 adopt和adapt意义不同：adopt意为“采纳；收养”，adapt意为“改编；适应”。 The system has worked so well that it has been adopted in other countries too. 这种制度行之有效，已被其他国家采纳。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①The famous professor adapted his speech to his audience. ②Have you watched the TV series adapted from his novel of the same name? ③Though the adaptation(adapt) of the novel was not perfect，it attracted millions of people's attention. ④All in all，successful businesses are highly adaptable(adapt) to economic change. ⑤适应这里的寒冷天气对我来说太难了。 It is difficult to adapt myself to the cold weather here. 5 tendency n．趋势 As we can see，emojis have a tendency to pop up all over the place. 正如我们所看到的，表情符号有种随处可见的趋势。 [要点突破] ①have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的趋势 ②tend v．往往会；照料；趋于 tend to do sth.易于做某事，往往会做某事 tend (to) sb.照顾某人 [写作佳句] We tend to meet up for lunch once a week. 我们往往会每周共进一次午餐。 [学以致用] 单句填空/完成句子 ①There is a growing tendency(tend) for people to work at home instead of in office. ②I have to tend to the children before I go out. ③Obese people tend to have(have) higher blood pressure than lean people. ④我们匆忙做事时往往会犯错误。 We tend to make mistakes when we do things in a hurry. 6 convincing adj.有说服力的，使人信服的 What supporting arguments does the author give to make the point convincing? 为了使这一点令人信服，作者给出了哪些支持性论据？ [要点突破] ①convince v．使确信，使信服；说服，劝说 convince sb.that ...使某人确信…… convince sb.of sth.使某人信服某事 convince sb.to do sth.说服/劝说某人做某事 ②convinced adj.坚信的，确信的 be convinced of sth./that ...坚信；确信…… [写作佳句] I am convinced that with our joint efforts we can undoubtedly get good results. 我坚信，在我们的共同努力下，我们一定能取得好的结果。 “动词＋sb.＋of sth.” ①accuse sb.of sth.控告某人犯某事(罪)，指责某人做某事 ②cheat sb.of sth.骗取某人某物 ③cure sb.of sth.治好某人的病，改掉某人的坏习惯 ④inform sb.of sth.通知某人某情况(事) ⑤remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某情况(事) ⑥rid sb.of sth.使某人摆脱某物 ⑦rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人的某样东西 ⑧warn sb.of sth.警告某人有某种情况 [学以致用] 　单句填空/同义句改写/完成句子 ①There is convincing(convince) evidence that listening to loud music can do great harm to our hearing. ②We tried to convince him to change(change) his mind，but in vain. ③Scientists are convinced of the positive effect of laughter on physical and mental health. ④I am convinced that the young man is an honest and considerate man. ⑤You should make the boss believe you are honest. →You should convince the boss of your honesty. →Your boss should be convinced that you are honest. ⑥为了使我们相信他的诚实，他给我们列举了几个有说服力的事例，这些事例可以使我们相信他的诚实。 In order to convince us of his honesty，he gave us several convincing cases which could make us convinced of it. 1 时间状语从句的省略 ①While waiting outside the cafeteria，I received the following message from my friend. 我在自助餐厅外等候时，收到了来自我朋友的以下信息。 ②When first introduced in Japan in 1999，emojis were limited to 176 simple designs. 表情符号于1999年首次引入日本时，仅有176种简单的设计。 [情境探究] ①While (I was) at college，I began to know him，a strange but able student. 我从上大学时就开始认识他，一个古怪而有才华的学生。 ②Even if (I am) invited to，I won't go to such a bad lecture. 即使邀请我去，我也不会去听如此糟糕的演讲。 ③You should stay where you are，unless (you are) asked to leave. 除非要求你离开，否则你应该待在原地。 [要点突破] 由从属连词if、unless、once、when、while、even if、even though、though等引导的条件、时间和让步状语从句用此省略句式时需要遵循的规则如下： ①当主句的主语和从句的主语一致且从句中含有be动词的某种形式，这时可以将从句的主语和be动词一起省略； ②如果从句的主语是it，且从句中含有be动词，这时也可以将it和be动词一起省略。 [写作佳句] What's more，12% of the students choose to visit English­learning websites when enhancing English skills. 此外，12%的学生在提高英语技能时选择访问英语学习网站。 [学以致用] 　单句填空/完成句子 ①While walking(walk) in the street，I met with one of my old friends. ②When asked(ask) about the secret of his success，he said that he owed it to his wife and children. ③除非被邀请发言，否则你在会上应该保持沉默。 Unless invited to speak，you should remain silent at the conference. ④走之前请关掉所有的灯。 Before leaving，turn off all the lights. 2 “主语＋be＋形容词＋to do”句型 People like them because they add emotional meaning，and are quick and easy to use. 人们喜欢它们，因为它们增添了语言的情感含义，使用方便快捷。 [情境探究] 　①In practical terms，this law may be difficult to enforce. 实际上，这项法律可能难以执行。 ②The pop songs she sings are very pleasant to listen to. 她唱的流行歌曲听起来很好听。 ③The little boy is very outgoing so he is easy to get along with. 这个小男孩很外向，所以很容易相处。 ④You were well prepared and the content of the speech was easy to follow. 你准备得很充分，演讲的内容很容易理解。 [要点突破] ①在“主语＋be＋形容词＋to do”句型中，动词不定式的逻辑宾语就是句子的主语，通常以主动形式表示被动意义。常用于此结构的一些形容词还有easy、interesting、hard、difficult、impossible、comfortable等。 ②动词不定式中的动词(短语)为不及物动词时，需要加上适当的介词，使句子主语与这个动词短语构成动宾关系。 [学以致用] 　单句填空/完成句子 ①Today's homework was easy to do(do)，so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play. ②English has a huge number of colourful and splendid expressions which may be difficult to understand(understand). ③The armchair looks rather hard，but in fact it is very comfortable to sit in． ④这个问题对我来说很难回答。 The question is difficult for me to answer． 3 “疑问词＋动词不定式”结构 Perhaps people will one day choose to communicate in pictures，and forget how to write properly. 或许有一天，人们会选择用图片来交流，而忘记怎样正确书写。 [情境探究] ①I don't know how to explain it to my parents. 我不知道该如何向父母解释这件事。(作宾语) ②When to start(＝When we shall start) has not been decided. 何时动身尚未决定。(作主语) ③The problem is where to put this computer. 问题是该把这台计算机放在哪儿。(作表语) ④Dad followed closely behind，calling out to tell me how to soothe the terrified horse and I did as told. 爸爸紧跟在后面，呼喊着告诉我如何安抚这匹受惊的马，我照他说的做了。 [要点突破] ①“疑问词＋to do”结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，疑问词包括疑问代词who、what、which和疑问副词when、where、how。 ②在“疑问代词＋to do”结构中，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。 ③“疑问词＋to do”结构可转换为从句。 “疑问词＋to do”结构在句中作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 [学以致用] 单句填空/同义句改写 ①When and where to build(build) the new building has not been decided. ②There are so many kinds of cups on sale that I can't make up my mind which one to buy(buy). ③I was at a loss and didn't know what to do(do) next. ④I don't know how I can make her happy. →I don't know how to make her happy． 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$