专题10 初升高衔接非谓语动词(讲义+课件+练习)- 2025年英语初升高衔接课程(暑期自学通用版).docx

2025-07-28
| 4份
| 63页
| 1587人阅读
| 54人下载
普通

资源信息

学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 高一
章节 -
类型 课件
知识点 非谓语动词
使用场景 初升高衔接
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 53.49 MB
发布时间 2025-07-28
更新时间 2025-07-29
作者 88998899
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2025-07-28
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/53240054.html
价格 4.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

内容正文:

专题10 初升高衔接非谓语动词 一、单项选择 1. The news shocked the public, ______ to great concern about students' safety at school. A. having led B. led C. leading D. to lead 2. I remembered ______ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked 3. ______ many times, he finally understood it. A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told 4. Do you know the boy ______ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying 5. The man insisted ______ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding 6. It is no use ______ with him, because he never listens to others' advice. A. argue B. arguing C. to argue D. argued 7. ______ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited 8. I smell something ______ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt 9. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______. A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard 10. ______ the project as planned, we'll have to work two more hours a day. A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete 二、语法填空 1. The China-Laos Railway had registered more than 30 million passenger trips and over 34 million metric tons of cargo (货物) by last Tuesday, ______ (facilitate) people and cargo movements from both countries. 2. And more train services are being operated along the line ______ (meet) passengers’ needs. 3. In the Laotian section, the average number of passenger trains ______ (operate) by the related corporation every day has increased to 12 from four. 4. This practice has proven to be beneficial in terms of ensuring the growth of the industry so far, ______ (evidence) by the successful cooperation between DreamWorks and Reliance Entertainment in India. 5. ______ (adopt) Chinese technical standards, the China-Laos Railway is China’s first-international railway project primarily funded and built by Chinese companies and connected to China’s railway network. 6. Adopting Chinese technical standards, the China-Laos Railway is China’s first-international railway project primarily funded and built by Chinese companies and ______ (connect) to China’s railway network. 7. They point to dragons in the West being usually thought of as evil creatures. Dragons, they say, are typically seen as symbols of chaos, ______ (describe) as enemies in Western mythology and literature. 8. Compared with Chinese festivals, which often center around family reunion (团聚) and respecting ancestors, western festivals tend to emphasize celebration, ______ (reflect) a more individualistic culture. 三、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. The teacher asked us ______ (hand) in our homework on time. 2. She enjoys ______ (listen) to music in her free time. 3. ______ (not know) how to solve the problem, he asked his teacher for help. 4. The bridge ______ (build) now will be completed next year. 5. ______ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful. 6. I heard her ______ (sing) an English song when I passed by her room. 7. He spent two hours ______ (do) his homework last night. 8. The boy was made ______ (clean) the classroom after school. 9. It's necessary for us ______ (learn) a foreign language well. 10. The man ______ (stand) there is my father's friend. 答案 一、单项选择 1. 答案:C 解析:句中已有谓语动词shocked,此处应用非谓语动词作结果状语。主语The news与lead to(导致)之间是主动关系,故用现在分词leading。A选项having led强调动作先于谓语动词发生,不符合语境。所以选C。 2. 答案:A 解析:remember doing sth. 表示“记得做过某事”;remember to do sth. 表示“记得要去做某事” 。根据语境“在离开办公室前记得锁了门,但忘了关灯”,锁门这个动作已经发生,所以用remember locking,选A。 3. 答案:D 解析:tell与he之间是被动关系,且“被告诉很多次”发生在“他最终理解”之前,所以用现在分词的完成被动式Having been told。A选项Told只表示被动,没有体现动作先后;B、C选项为主动形式,不符合逻辑。故答案为D。 4. 答案:D 解析:the boy与lie(躺)之间是主动关系,且表示“正躺在大树下的男孩”,应用现在分词作后置定语。lie的现在分词是lying,A选项lay是lie(躺)的过去式,B选项lain是lie(躺)的过去分词,C选项laying是lay(放置;下蛋)的现在分词,均不符合题意,所以选D。 5. 答案:C 解析:insist on doing sth. 是固定搭配,表示“坚持做某事”,所以选C。 6. 答案:B 解析:It is no use doing sth. 是固定句型,表示“做某事没有用”,所以用arguing,选B。 7. 答案:C 解析:wait这个动作发生在realized之前,且the old man与wait之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词的完成式Having waited作时间状语。A选项Waiting只表示主动进行,没有体现时间先后;B、D选项为不定式,通常不用于这种时间状语的表达。故答案是C。 8. 答案:A 解析:smell something doing sth. 表示“闻到某物正在……”,这里表示“闻到厨房里有东西正在燃烧”,用burning,选A。B选项burnt表示“烧焦的”,C选项being burnt表示“正在被烧”,D选项to be burnt表示“将要被烧”,均不符合语境。 9. 答案:A 解析:struggle to do sth. 表示“努力做某事”,此处“我”是“被听到”,所以用不定式的被动形式to be heard,选A。 10. 答案:D 解析:此处表示“为了按计划完成项目”,作目的状语,用动词不定式To complete,选D。A选项Completing是现在分词,通常作伴随、原因等状语;B选项Complete是动词原形,不能作状语;C选项Completed是过去分词,表被动和完成,不符合此处语境。 二、语法填空 1. 答案:facilitating 解析:句中已有谓语动词had registered,“(facilitate) people and cargo movements from both countries”作伴随状语,facilitate(促进,推动)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语The China-Laos Railway之间是主动关系,用现在分词表主动,故填facilitating。 2. 答案:to meet 解析:句中已有谓语动词are being operated,“(meet) passengers’ needs”是“more train services are being operated along the line”的目的,用不定式作目的状语,故填to meet。 3. 答案:operated 解析:句中已有谓语动词has increased,“(operate) by the related corporation every day”作后置定语,operate(运营)是非谓语动词作后置定语,与其逻辑主语passenger trains之间是被动关系,用过去分词表被动,故填operated。 4. 答案:evidenced 解析:分析句子结构可知,空格处需要填入非谓语动词;evidence意为“证实”;动词与逻辑主语之间为动宾关系,所以用过去分词表示被动,故填evidenced。 5. 答案:Adopting 解析:空格处作状语,主句主语the China - Laos Railway与adopt存在主谓关系,用现在分词形式,故填Adopting。 6. 答案:connected 解析:空格处作后置定语,被修饰名词project与动词connect为逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词形式,故填connected。 7. 答案:described 解析:本句谓语为are seen as,此处为非谓语动词,且describe“描述”与逻辑主语Dragons构成被动关系,用过去分词,作后置定语,修饰Dragons,故填described。 8. 答案:reflecting 解析:句中谓语是tend,空格处用现在分词作结果状语,表示自然而然的结果,western festivals与reflect之间是主动关系,故填reflecting。 三、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. 答案:to hand 解析:ask sb. to do sth. 表示“要求某人做某事”,所以用to hand。 2. 答案:listening 解析:enjoy doing sth. 表示“喜欢做某事”,所以用listening。 3. 答案:Not knowing 解析:know与he之间是主动关系,且“不知道如何解决问题”作原因状语,所以用现在分词knowing,其否定形式是在前面加not,故填Not knowing。 4. 答案:being built 解析:“now”表明动作正在进行,且bridge与build之间是被动关系,所以用现在分词的被动式being built作后置定语,表示“正在被建造的桥”。 5. 答案:Seen 解析:“see”与“the city”之间是被动关系,“从山顶上看,这座城市看起来更美丽”,用过去分词Seen作状语,故填Seen。 6. 答案:singing 解析:hear sb. doing sth. 表示“听到某人正在做某事”,“当我经过她房间时,听到她正在唱英文歌”,所以用singing。 7. 答案:doing 解析:spend time (in) doing sth. 表示“花费时间做某事”,所以用doing。 8. 答案:to clean 解析:make sb. do sth. 的被动形式是sb. be made to do sth. ,所以用to clean。 9. 答案:to learn 解析:It's +形容词+ for sb. to do sth. 是固定句型,表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”,所以用to learn。 10. 答案:standing 解析:“the man”与“stand”之间是主动关系,且表示“正站在那里的人”,用现在分词standing作后置定语,故填standing。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 2025年 初升高衔接课程 非谓语动词 专题十 英语 目录 综述 动名词 分词 1 2 3 4 不定式 综述 What is predicate(谓语)? 我玩游戏。 I play games. 这是游戏。 This is games. 小结1:谓语动词是描述主要动作或状态的动词。 综述 What is non-predicate verbs(非谓语)? 我玩由腾讯开发的游戏。 I play games designed by Tencent. 这是由腾讯开发的游戏。 This is games designed by Tencent. 小结2:非谓语动词是描述次要动作或状态的动词。 综述 What is non-predicate verbs(非谓语)? 我玩由腾讯开发的游戏,惹怒了我老妈。 I play games designed by Tencent, angering my mum. 这是由腾讯开发的游戏,引发了讨论。 This is games designed by Tencent, exciting discussion. 小结3:一个句子只能有一个谓语,但可以有多个非谓语。 除句子中有从句(that,who)或逻辑连词and, but, or等情况外, 一个句子中仅有一个谓语动词! 基本原理 总结: Judy held a big donut and talked with Nick . Judy held a big donut, talking with Nick . 当一个句子已经存在一个_______________又没有___________来连接,另一个动词就需要用_____________。 谓语动词 连词 非谓语动词 谓语动词 非谓语动词 非谓语动词 可以充当的句子成分 非谓语形式 主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 to do ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ doing ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔     done     ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ (非谓语动词)实际不过三种: to do doing done 综述 目的/未完成 to do doing done 主动/进行 被动/完成 To kill time, I play games designed by Tencent, angering my mum. 为了消磨时间,我玩由腾讯开发的游戏,惹怒了我老妈。 主动 非谓语动词的 基本形态 非谓语done主要用于表示被动或完成 The book written by him is very popular. The leaf fallen on the ground indicates the arrival of autumn. 书本与他之间为被动关系,因此用written 树叶已经掉落在地上了,因此用fallen 非谓语doing主要用于表示主动、正在进行或伴随 Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. She sat there, reading a book. Tom saw me crying yesterday. 他主动听到这个消息,高兴地跳了起来 Tom 看见我的时候我正在哭 她坐在那里,读着书(伴随) 非谓语动词的 基本形态 非谓语to do主要用于表示目的或将来 To catch the early bus, he got up very early. To drive to the office will be tough because of the traffic. 为了赶上早班车,他起得很早目的 由于交通问题,(尚未出发)开车到办公室将会很困难 非谓语动词的 基本形态 选择非谓语不同形态的依据 发出该非谓语动作的对象(逻辑主语)与该动词之间的关系 非谓语动词与其所修饰词之间的关系 Reading aloud is very important in learning English. Chinese people prefer to drinking boiled water. 不定式 语态 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing × 完成式 to have done to have been done 时态 不定式 语态 主动形式 被动形式 现在分词 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词 一般式 done 无 时态 不定式作定语 1 通常放在所修饰词之后,表示将来的动作。 不定式与其所修饰的词之间往往是动宾关系,若该不定式是不及物动词,其后应有必要的介词。 2 序数词,形容词最高级,the last, the only 等后或被这些词修饰的名词/代词后,常用不定式作定语。 3 被修饰词是抽象名词时,常用不定式作定语。常见名词:ability, idea, chance, hope, wish, fact, excuse, promise, attempt, way 等。 1 不定式作状语 2 1 目的状语 可用so as to/in order to替换,但 so as to一般不可置于句首,意为“为了;想要”。 2 结果状语 常表示出乎意料的结果,常用于下列结构中:only to do;enough to do(足够做……);too... to do... (太……而不能……);so/such... as to... (如此……以至于……)等。 3 原因状语 常用在“主语+系动词+形容词+to do”结构中。这类形容词有easy, difficult, hard, cheap,expensive,fit,comfortable,dangerous,heavy,good,important,impossible,surprised,astonished, delighted, disappointed 等。 只接不定式作宾语的动词 3 只接不定式作宾语的动词 agree plan demand promise prepare decide refuse choose wish hope expect fail (未能) pretend manage determine beg arrange threaten claim hesitate wait happen (碰巧)     不定式作宾补 4 1 1 有些动词,如think, consider, believe, suppose, feel, find, understand等后常用to be作宾补或主补。 2 2 在sb. be said/ believed/ known/ reported/ considered/ thought+to do/to have done结构中,不定式用作主语补足语。 不定式作宾补时,宾语和不定式之间在逻辑上是主谓关系,不定式表示将要发出的主动动作。常接不定式作宾补的动词(短语):advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, intend, invite, order, persuade, prefer, require, remind, tell, want, warn, wish, call on, depend on等。 不定式作主语和表语 5 一般表示具体某一次的动作。 若不定式太长,常用it作形式主语而将不定式后置。 1 1 不定式作主语 ① 表示预定要发生的动作; ② 当主语是aim, purpose, idea, plan, wish, decision, choice等词时,常用不定式作表语; ③ 主语为what引导的名词性从句时,表语多用不定式。 2 2 不定式作表语 不定式作主语 易 错 提 醒 1. 不定式作主语:动词用单数。 2.表示具体的某次动作,特别是将来发生的动作,多用不定式作主语。 表示比较抽象的一般行为或者经常性习惯性的动作时,多用doing作主语。 3.在下列两个句型中it是形式主语,不定式是真正主语; of sb和for sb是不定式的逻辑主语: A. It is/was + 形容词(of sb.)to do sth. 【赞扬,责备的形容词通常用of sb作逻辑主语:wrong, right, kind, nice, brave, careful, careless, greedy, honest, lazy, modest, selfish, thoughtful, impolite, polite, clever, foolish, silly, stupid, cruel, rude, generous,considerate…】 B. It is/was + 形容词(for sb.)to do sth. 【以下形容词通常用for sb作逻辑主语:easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, impossible, possible, safe, dangerous, unusual, wonderful…】 My volunteer job is _________(give)out the free food to the homeless people 不定式解题思路: Many people come here ___________ (celebrate) the festival. Step 1: 找出句子中的谓语动词 主语 谓语动词 发出的动作 Step 2:判断发出该动作的对象与该动作之间的关系(主动/被动/目的?) 人们去这里目的是庆祝节日 to celebrate 谓语动词 be动词 我的志愿工作是去分发食物(目的) to give 动名词 动名词作定语 1 a swimming pool = a pool for swimming 游泳池 a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室 a washing machine = a machine for washing 洗衣机 a walking stick = a stick for walking 拐杖 表示被修饰词的属性、作用或用途,作 “ 供……用”讲,相当于介词 for 短语,常 置于被修饰词前。 动名词 只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语 2 只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语 admit avoid consider escape(避开) imagine mind miss practise suggest feel like give up put off object to look forward to have difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth.  have fun (in) doing sth.  接不定式与动名词作宾语意义不同的动词 3 接不定式与动名词作宾语意义不同的动词 forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做) forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做) try to do sth. 尽力去做某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 regret to do sth. 对将做的事表示遗憾(未做) regret doing sth. 对做过的事表示后悔(已做) go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事 go on doing sth. 继续做原来做的事 remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做) remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做) mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事 can't help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 can't help doing sth. 情不自禁地做某事 动名词作主语和表语 4 1 动名词作主语 常表示抽象的、泛指的概念,也可用it作形式主语,把作真正主语的动名词短语放在句末。常用于固定句型:It's a waste of time doing...; It's no use/good doing...; It is useless doing...; There is no point doing... 等。 2 动名词作表语 相当于名词,用于解释主语的内容,表语和主语常常可以互换位置。 3 remain作系动词 意为“仍然是”时,后可接现在分词或过去分词作表语;但作不及物动词时,意为“尚待……;留待……”时,后常接to be done。 分词 分词作定语 1 当被修饰的名词与分词之间为主动关系时,用现在分词 当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示正在进行时,用being+过去分词 当被修饰的名词与分词之间为被动关系且表示完成时,用过去分词。 1 1 及物动词的分词形式: 现在分词、being+过去分词、过去分词 现在分词表示动作正在进行; 过去分词只表示动作已完成,不表示被动。 2 2 不及物动词的分词形式: 现在分词和过去分词 分词 分词作状语 2 部分过去分词作状语时不表示被动,也不表示完成,而表示一种状态。 常见的:located (坐落于), lost(迷路的), seated(坐着的), hidden(躲着的), lost/absorbed/buried in(沉溺于), dressed in(穿着), tired of(厌烦的), faced with(面对着)。 现在分词作状语,现在分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系。 过去分词作状语,过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。 易 错 提 醒 独立成分作状语 3 常考的有generally/frankly/roughly/strictly speaking, talking of, speaking of, judging from/by, taking everything into consideration, compared to/with, to be frank,to tell(you)the truth, to be honest, to make things worse 等。 有些分词或不定式短语作状语,其形式的选择不受上下文的影响,称作独立成分。 独立主格结构 4 ① 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。 ② 独立主格结构中作逻辑主语的名词或代词与后面的分词或不定式是逻辑上的主动或被动关系。 ③ 独立主格结构一般用逗号与句子分开。 1 1 独立主格结构的特点 ① 名词/代词+分词; ② 名词/代词+不定式; ③ with/without+名词/代词+分词/不定式。 2 2 独立主格结构的常见构成 非谓语动词作状语时,它的逻辑主语应和句子主语保持一致。但有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语,在句子中作状语,我们称之为独立主格结构。 分词作宾补 5 1 现在分词作宾补 动词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系,且强调正在进行的主动动作。常见动词:感官动词(see, watch, observe, notice, hear, listen, feel),使役动词(have, get), find, leave, keep, catch等。 2 过去分词作宾补 动词与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,且表示被动动作。常见动词:感官动词(see, watch, observe, notice, hear, listen, feel),使役动词(have, make, let, get), find, leave, keep等。 3 使役动词have, get后接非谓语动词作补语的异同点: ① have sth. done=get sth. done让别人做某事; ② have sb./sth. doing让……一直做某事; get sth./sb. doing 使…开始做某事; ③ have sb. do sth. =get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事。 做题技巧 为了实现非谓语的变形, 我们需要借助三个谓语结构的力量进行加法或合并: be doing 正在进行时 have done过去完成时 be done被动语态 1 2 3 例如非谓语需要同时表达被动和进行时: done 被动、完成 doing 主动、伴随、进行 to do目的、将来 be done+doing=being done 合并 基本原理: 销售额 第一季度 第二季度 53 47 销售额 第一季度 第二季度 53 47 销售额 第一季度 第二季度 53 47 变化规则 基本形态 语态 一般(原型) 进行 完成 done 被动 doing 主动 被动 to do 主动 被动 done doing having done being done having been done to do to have done to be done to have been done to be doing 无 无 无 无 无 The building __________________(build) now is our new gym. 解题思路: Step 1: 找出句子中的谓语动词 Step 2:判断发出该动作的对象与该动作之间的关系(主动/被动/目的?) Step 3:确定非谓语动词发生的逻辑时间(现在?完成?) being built 判断动词 --- 判断考点是否为非谓语动词 找对象 --- 找到逻辑主语 确定关系 --- 判断主/被动 时间先后 --- 与谓语动词的时间先后 Judy walked along the street, __________ (follow) Nick. following Judy came here, ________ (follow) by Nick. Explore and conclude followed __________ (follow) Nick closely, Judy ran as fast as she could. To follow 伴随状语 伴随状语 目的状语 首先:找逻辑主语 Tip1: 现在分词doing在句中表主动和进行 Tip2: 过去分词done在句中表被动 Tip3: 不定式to do在句中表目的 _____________ (work) hard for years, Judy finally achieved her goal. Explore and conclude Tip4: 判断与谓语动词的时间先后顺序,现在分词的完成式 having done表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前 时间状语 Having worked achieved worked 之前发生 解题步骤 1.确定是否用非谓语动词; 1) 句子是否已存在谓语动词; 2) 并列连词或从属连词?(and, but, which......) 2. 判断非谓语动词在句中的成分和作用; 1) doing 主动,进行 2) done 被动,完成 3) to do 目的,将来 3. 判断时态/语态; 1)一般式 2)进行式 3)完成式 注意 有些单词或词组如:date back to(追溯到); belong to(属于); consist of(包括); run out(用完); measure(测量)...等无被动形式,做谓语用一般现在时主动语态,做非谓语用其doing形式。 1、The house belongs (belong) to my friend. 2、The book belonging (belong) to him is very good. 3、The tree measures (measure) 3 meters. 4、The tree measuring (measure)5 meters is very tall. 5、Those cities date (date) back to the Ming Dynasty. 6、The city dating (date) back tothe Ming Dynasty looks beautiful. 注意 某些短语,be based on; be concerned about; be impressed with; be devoted to; be attached to; be intended at......做谓语带be动词,做非谓语不带be动词。 1._______(base) on scientific research, the report is reliable. 2. The book is based on personal experience. 3.___________ (concern) about her son's future, the mother has been sleeping very badly these months. 4. The mother was concerned about her son’s future. Based Concerned 非谓语动词 固定搭配 一、接不定式to do作宾语的动词 1.afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 2.ask to do sth. 要求做某事 3.agree to do sth. 同意做某事 4.arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 5.beg to do sth. 请求做某事 6.care to to do sth. 想要做某事 7.choose to do sth. 选择做某事 8.decide to do sth. 决定做某事 9.demand to do sth. 要求做某事 10.determine to do sth. 决心做某事 11.expect to do sth. 期待做某事 12.fear to do sth. 害怕做某事 二、接动名词doing作宾语的动词 1.admit doing sth. 承认做某事 2.advise doing sth. 建议做某事 3.allow doing sth. 允许做某事 4.risk doing sth. 冒险做某事 5.keep doing sth. 保持做某事 6.understand doing sth. 理解做某事 7.excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事 8.appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事 9.delay doing sth. 推迟做某事 10.enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事 11.practice doing sth. 练习做某事 12.finish doing sth. 完成做某事 三、接doing和to do作宾语意思相同的动词 1.like to do/doing sth. 喜欢做某事 2.love to do/doing sth. 喜欢做某事 3.hate to do/doing sth. 憎恨做某事 4. prefer to do/doing sth. 宁可做某事 5.begin to do/doing sth. 开始做某事 6.start to do/doing sth. 开始做某事 7.continue to do/doing sth. 继续做某事 8.can't bear to do/doing sth. 不能忍受做某事 9.bother to do/doing sth. 麻烦做某事 10.intend to do/doing sth. 想要做某事 11. attempt to do/doing sth. 试图做某事 12.cease to do/doing sth. 停止做某事 四、接doing和to do作宾语意思不同的动词 1. remember to do sth. 记得要做某事 2. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事 3. regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事 4. try to do sth. 设法要做某事 regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事 try doing sth. 尝试做某事 5. mean to do sth. 打算做某事 6. can't help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事 7. go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事       go on doing sth. 继续做一直做的事   五、接不定式to do作宾语补足语的动词 1.advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 2.allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 3.ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 4.bear sb. to do sth. 忍受某人做某事 5.beg sb. to do sth. 乞求某人做某事 6.cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 7.command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 8.drive sb. to do sth. 驱使某人做某事 9.elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事 10.encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 11.expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 12.forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 六、接doing作宾语补足语的动词 1.bring sb.doing sth. 引起某人做某事 2.catch sb.doing sth. 碰上某人做某事 3.discover sb.doing sth. 发现某人做某事 4.find sb.doing sth. 发现某人做某事 5.get sb.doing sth. 使某人做某事 6.have sb.doing sth. 使某人做某事 7.hear sb.doing sth. 听见某人做某事 8.keep sb.doing sth. 使某人一直做某事 9.listen to sb.doing sth. 听某人做某事 10.look at sb.doing sth. 看着某人做某事 11.notice sb.doing sth. 注意到某人做某事 12.observe sb.doing sth. 观察到某人做某事 13.prevent sb.doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 14.see sb.doing sth. 看见某人做某事 15.watch sb.doing sth. 观看某人做某事       2025年 初升高衔接课程 专题十 英语 谢谢 聆听 $$ 专题10 初升高衔接非谓语动词 一、非谓语动词的定义与重要性 在英语句子中,谓语动词是表达核心动作或状态的关键部分,但除了谓语动词外,还有一些动词形式,它们不能独立充当句子的谓语,却能在句子中发挥其他重要作用,这些动词形式就是非谓语动词。非谓语动词贯穿于高中英语学习的各个方面,无论是阅读理解中复杂句式的分析,还是写作时提升表达的准确性与丰富度,都离不开对非谓语动词的正确理解和运用。它是高考英语的重要考点,在语法填空、短文改错、写作等题型中频繁出现 ,因此,掌握非谓语动词的用法对于高中学生提升英语成绩和语言运用能力至关重要。 二、非谓语动词的形式与分类 非谓语动词主要包括三种形式:动词不定式(to do)、动名词(doing)和分词(现在分词doing和过去分词done)。每种形式都有其独特的用法和特点,下面我们来详细了解。 1. 动词不定式(to do) ◦ 基本形式与意义:“to + 动词原形” 构成,常表示主动和将来的动作。例如:“To get good grades, you need to study hard.”(为了取得好成绩,你需要努力学习。)这里 “to get good grades” 表示目的,是还未发生的动作。 ◦ 时态与语态变化 ◦ 一般式(to do):表示的动作或状态通常发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生。如:“I hope to visit the Great Wall someday.”(我希望有一天能参观长城。“to visit” 发生在 “hope” 之后) ◦ 进行式(to be doing):表示其动作正在进行,与谓语动词发生的动作同时进行。常与情态动词连用,表示 “可能、应当或想必” 正在进行的动作。例如:“He might be studying in the library now.”(他现在可能正在图书馆学习。) ◦ 完成式(to have done):所表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如:“I am sorry to have kept you waiting.”(很抱歉让你久等了。“to have kept” 发生在 “am sorry” 之前 ) ◦ 完成进行式(to have been doing):表示动作在谓语动词之前发生,而且一直进行着。如:“She seems to have been working here for a long time.”(她似乎在这里工作很久了。) ◦ 被动式(to be done):当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者时,用被动式。例如:“The problem to be solved is very difficult.”(要解决的这个问题非常难。“the problem” 是 “solve” 的承受者) ◦ 完成被动式(to have been done):表示被动和完成,动作发生在谓语动词之前且是被动的。如:“The book is said to have been translated into many languages.”(据说这本书已经被翻译成多种语言。“translate” 的动作在 “is said” 之前且书是被翻译) 2. 动名词(doing) ◦ 基本形式与意义:由动词原形加 -ing 构成,具有动词和名词的特征,表示主动的动作,常用来表示抽象的、一般性的行为或概念。例如:“Swimming is my favorite sport.”(游泳是我最喜欢的运动。“swimming” 是抽象的行为概念) ◦ 时态与语态变化 ◦ 一般式(doing):表示主动。如:“I enjoy reading novels.”(我喜欢读小说。“reading” 是主动动作) ◦ 被动式(being done):表示被动。例如:“The house being built is ours.”(正在被建造的房子是我们的。“the house” 与 “build” 是被动关系) ◦ 完成式(having done):表示主动和完成。如:“Having finished his homework, he went out to play.”(完成作业后,他出去玩了。“finish” 的动作在 “went out” 之前且是主动完成) ◦ 完成被动式(having been done):表示被动和完成。例如:“Having been shown around the city, we knew more about it.”(被带领参观这座城市后,我们对它了解得更多了。“show around” 的动作在 “knew” 之前且是被动完成 ) 3. 分词(现在分词doing和过去分词done) ◦ 现在分词(doing) ◦ 基本形式与意义:由动词原形加 -ing 构成,具有动词和形容词、副词的特征,表示主动和进行的动作。例如:“The rising sun is very beautiful.”(正在升起的太阳非常美丽。“rising” 表示主动且动作正在进行 ) ◦ 时态与语态变化 ◦ 一般式(doing):表示主动和进行。如:“He sat there, reading a newspaper.”(他坐在那里,读着报纸。“reading” 与 “sat” 同时进行且是主动动作) ◦ 被动式(being done):表示被动和进行。例如:“The question being discussed is very important.”(正在被讨论的问题非常重要。“question” 与 “discuss” 是被动关系且动作正在进行) ◦ 完成式(having done):表示主动和完成。如:“Having finished his work, he took a rest.”(完成工作后,他休息了一下。“finish” 的动作在 “took a rest” 之前且是主动完成) ◦ 完成被动式(having been done):表示被动和完成。例如:“Having been punished, the boy felt very sad.”(被惩罚后,这个男孩感到很难过。“punish” 的动作在 “felt” 之前且是被动完成 ) ◦ 过去分词(done):由动词的过去分词形式构成,及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成;不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。例如:“polluted river”(被污染的河流,“polluted” 表示被动和完成);“fallen leaves”(落叶,“fallen” 表示主动和完成,因为 “fall” 是不及物动词 ) 三、非谓语动词的句法功能 非谓语动词在句子中可以充当多种成分,每种成分的用法和特点各不相同。 1. 作主语 ◦ 动词不定式作主语:通常表示一个具体的或一次性的动作。为了避免句子头重脚轻,往往用 it 作形式主语,而将真正的主语动词不定式后置。例如:“To learn English well is not easy.” = “It is not easy to learn English well.”(学好英语不容易。) ◦ 动名词作主语:表示抽象的、一般性的行为或概念。例如:“Smoking is harmful to your health.”(吸烟有害健康。) 2. 作宾语 ◦ 动词不定式作宾语:一些动词后面常接动词不定式作宾语,如 want, decide, expect, hope, plan, pretend, promise 等。例如:“I want to buy a new bike.”(我想买一辆新自行车。) ◦ 动名词作宾语:很多动词和动词短语后面只能接动名词作宾语,如 enjoy, finish, mind, keep, avoid, consider, suggest 等。例如:“I enjoy listening to music.”(我喜欢听音乐。)有些动词既可以接动词不定式作宾语,也可以接动名词作宾语,但意义上有差别,如 remember, forget, stop 等。“remember to do sth.” 表示“记得去做某事(还未做)”;“remember doing sth.” 表示“记得做过某事(已做)” 。例如:“Remember to close the door when you leave.”(离开时记得关门。)“I remember closing the door.”(我记得关了门。) 3. 作表语 ◦ 动词不定式作表语:常用来表示主语的内容、目的或将来的动作。例如:“My dream is to become a doctor.”(我的梦想是成为一名医生。) ◦ 动名词作表语:说明主语的性质或内容。例如:“My hobby is collecting stamps.”(我的爱好是集邮。) ◦ 分词作表语:现在分词作表语表示主语的性质或特征,意为“令人……的”;过去分词作表语表示主语的感受或状态,意为“感到……的”。例如:“The story is interesting.”(这个故事很有趣。)“I am interested in the story.”(我对这个故事感兴趣。) 4. 作定语 ◦ 动词不定式作定语:通常放在被修饰词之后,表示将要发生的动作或与被修饰词之间存在动宾关系等。例如:“I have a lot of homework to do.”(我有很多作业要做。“to do” 修饰 “homework”,表示 “要做的作业”,与 “homework” 存在动宾关系 ) ◦ 动名词作定语:表示被修饰词的用途或功能。例如:“a swimming pool”(游泳池,“swimming” 说明 “pool” 的用途是 “游泳” ) ◦ 分词作定语:现在分词作定语与被修饰词之间存在主动关系,表示正在进行的动作;过去分词作定语与被修饰词之间存在被动关系,表示已经完成的动作。例如:“The running boy is my classmate.”(正在跑步的男孩是我的同学。“running” 与 “boy” 是主动关系且动作正在进行);“The broken window needs to be repaired.”(破碎的窗户需要修理。“broken” 与 “window” 是被动关系且动作已完成 ) 5. 作状语 ◦ 动词不定式作状语:可以表示目的、结果、原因等。例如:“To get good grades, he studies very hard.”(为了取得好成绩,他非常努力学习。表示目的);“He is too young to go to school.”(他太小了以至于不能上学。表示结果);“I am glad to hear the good news.”(听到这个好消息我很高兴。表示原因 ) ◦ 分词作状语:现在分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果等;过去分词作状语也可以表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等,但通常表示被动。例如:“Walking in the park, I saw many beautiful flowers.”(当我在公园里散步时,我看到了许多美丽的花。表示时间);“Being ill, he didn't go to school.”(因为生病,他没去上学。表示原因);“Given more time, I can do my work better.”(如果再被多给些时间,我会把工作做得更好。表示条件 ) 6. 作宾语补足语 ◦ 动词不定式作宾语补足语:常见的接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 ask, tell, want, help, wish 等。例如:“The teacher asked us to clean the classroom.”(老师让我们打扫教室。) ◦ 现在分词作宾语补足语:表示宾语正在进行的动作。例如:“I saw him running on the playground.”(我看到他正在操场上跑步。) ◦ 过去分词作宾语补足语:表示宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系。例如:“I found my watch stolen.”(我发现我的手表被偷了。) 四、非谓语动词的解题技巧与注意事项 1. 解题技巧 ◦ 判断逻辑主语:首先要确定非谓语动词的逻辑主语,看它与非谓语动词之间是主动还是被动关系。如果是主动关系,一般用现在分词或动词不定式的主动形式;如果是被动关系,一般用过去分词或动词不定式的被动形式。例如:“______ (see) from the top of the mountain, the city looks very beautiful.” 这里 “see” 的逻辑主语是 “the city”,“the city” 与 “see” 是被动关系,所以要用 “Seen”。 ◦ 分析时间关系:判断非谓语动词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作之间的时间先后关系。如果非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,常用完成式;如果同时发生,常用一般式或进行式;如果发生在谓语动词之后,常用动词不定式的一般式表示将来。例如:“______ (finish) his homework, he went out to play.” “finish” 的动作在 “went out” 之前,所以要用 “Having finished”。 2. 注意事项 ◦ 固定搭配与习惯用法:要牢记一些只能接动词不定式或动名词作宾语的动词和动词短语,以及一些用非谓语动词作宾补的固定结构。例如:“look forward to doing sth.”(期待做某事),其中 “to” 是介词,后面要接动名词;“make sb. do sth.”(让某人做某事),要用不带 “to” 的动词不定式作宾补。 ◦ 独立主格结构:当非谓语动词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时,需要使用独立主格结构。独立主格结构通常由 “名词/代词 + 分词/不定式/形容词/副词/介词短语” 构成,在句中作状语。例如:“The weather being fine, we went out for a picnic.”(天气好,我们出去野餐了。“The weather being fine” 是独立主格结构,作原因状语 ) ◦ 感官动词和使役动词后非谓语动词的用法:感官动词(如 see, watch, notice, observe, hear, listen to 等)和使役动词(如 make, let, have 等)后面接非谓语动词作宾补时,有不同的用法。例如:“see sb. do sth.” 表示看到某人做了某事(强调动作的全过程);“see sb. doing sth.” 表示看到某人正在做某事(强调动作正在进行);“see sb./sth. done” 表示看到某人/某物被……(强调被动)。“make sb. do sth.” 表示让某人做某事;“have sth. done” 表示使某事被做。例如:“I saw him cross the road.”(我看到他过了马路。)“I saw him crossing the road.”(我看到他正在过马路。)“I had my hair cut yesterday.”(我昨天剪了头发。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 专题10 初升高衔接非谓语动词 一、单项选择 1. The news shocked the public, ______ to great concern about students' safety at school. A. having led B. led C. leading D. to lead 2. I remembered ______ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked 3. ______ many times, he finally understood it. A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told 4. Do you know the boy ______ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying 5. The man insisted ______ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding 6. It is no use ______ with him, because he never listens to others' advice. A. argue B. arguing C. to argue D. argued 7. ______ in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car. A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited 8. I smell something ______ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt 9. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______. A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard 10. ______ the project as planned, we'll have to work two more hours a day. A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete 二、语法填空 1. The China-Laos Railway had registered more than 30 million passenger trips and over 34 million metric tons of cargo (货物) by last Tuesday, ______ (facilitate) people and cargo movements from both countries. 2. And more train services are being operated along the line ______ (meet) passengers’ needs. 3. In the Laotian section, the average number of passenger trains ______ (operate) by the related corporation every day has increased to 12 from four. 4. This practice has proven to be beneficial in terms of ensuring the growth of the industry so far, ______ (evidence) by the successful cooperation between DreamWorks and Reliance Entertainment in India. 5. ______ (adopt) Chinese technical standards, the China-Laos Railway is China’s first-international railway project primarily funded and built by Chinese companies and connected to China’s railway network. 6. Adopting Chinese technical standards, the China-Laos Railway is China’s first-international railway project primarily funded and built by Chinese companies and ______ (connect) to China’s railway network. 7. They point to dragons in the West being usually thought of as evil creatures. Dragons, they say, are typically seen as symbols of chaos, ______ (describe) as enemies in Western mythology and literature. 8. Compared with Chinese festivals, which often center around family reunion (团聚) and respecting ancestors, western festivals tend to emphasize celebration, ______ (reflect) a more individualistic culture. 三、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1. The teacher asked us ______ (hand) in our homework on time. 2. She enjoys ______ (listen) to music in her free time. 3. ______ (not know) how to solve the problem, he asked his teacher for help. 4. The bridge ______ (build) now will be completed next year. 5. ______ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful. 6. I heard her ______ (sing) an English song when I passed by her room. 7. He spent two hours ______ (do) his homework last night. 8. The boy was made ______ (clean) the classroom after school. 9. It's necessary for us ______ (learn) a foreign language well. 10. The man ______ (stand) there is my father's friend. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

资源预览图

专题10 初升高衔接非谓语动词(讲义+课件+练习)- 2025年英语初升高衔接课程(暑期自学通用版).docx
1
专题10 初升高衔接非谓语动词(讲义+课件+练习)- 2025年英语初升高衔接课程(暑期自学通用版).docx
2
专题10 初升高衔接非谓语动词(讲义+课件+练习)- 2025年英语初升高衔接课程(暑期自学通用版).docx
3
专题10 初升高衔接非谓语动词(讲义+课件+练习)- 2025年英语初升高衔接课程(暑期自学通用版).docx
4
专题10 初升高衔接非谓语动词(讲义+课件+练习)- 2025年英语初升高衔接课程(暑期自学通用版).docx
5
专题10 初升高衔接非谓语动词(讲义+课件+练习)- 2025年英语初升高衔接课程(暑期自学通用版).docx
6
所属专辑
相关资源
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。