Unit 2 课时3 Understanding Ideas（Grammar)（课件）英语外研版2024八年级上册

Unit 2 Getting along 外研版2024八年级上册英语 （Grammar） 目录 Contents 01 02 03 04 Lead-in Presentation Production Exercise 01 Lead-in Lead-in (a) The Giant has been away for a long time. (b) Since then, he hasn't seen a child there. Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage. Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules. 现在完成时 have/had /has+done Lead-in 1. We have been friends Grade 3. 2. They have been together three years. 3. last year, we've shared a lot of happy moments. Complete the sentences with for or since. since for since 含有since 或for 的现在完成时 02 Presentation Presentation 含有 since 或 for 的现在完成时 since 其后接过去某一“时间点”“时间段+ago”或从句(一般过去时)，表示动作或状态从过去的某个时间点开始 since+过去某一时间点 ①两者均可用于完成时态;在陈述句中，与其搭配的动词必须是延续性动词 ②“since+过去某一时间点”可以和“for+一段时间”进行转换 ③对 since/for 构成的表示时间段的短语或句子提问应用 how long since+一段时间+ago since+从句(一般过去时) It is/has been+时间段+since +一般过去时的句子 for 其后接表示“一段时间”的名词短语 for+一段时间 Presentation ▶ It has been ten years since we met last time. 自从我们上次见面以来已经 10年了。 ▶ Mr Green has lived in Shanghai since 1999. 格林先生自从 1999年以来就住在上海。 ▶ I have taught English since twelve years ago. =I have taught English for twelve years. 我自从 12年前就教英语。 Presentation 延续性动词 表示的是能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响如:work, keep,walk, wait, live ,stay,know等 可以与表示时间段的状语连用，如: for+时间段, since+时间点/从句等 非延续性动词 表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立即结束或产生某种结果。如:open，borrow, come , g0 ,finish, close , buy 等 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用， 如: three months ago , at 4 o'clock 延续性动词与非延续性动词 Presentation 延续性动词与非延续性动词 ①非延续性动词转化为延续性动词，如: buy →have , borrow→keep。 My father bought the car three years ago. →My father has had the car for three years. 我父亲买这辆小汽车3年了。 ②非延续性动词转化为“be+形容词/副词”,如: leave →be away(from), open → be open, close →be closed , die → be dead begin/start →be on, finish/end →be over He left his hometown last year.>\ → He has been away from his hometownsince last year 他去年离开了家乡。 The cat died a week ago. → The cat has beendead for a week. 这只猫死了一个星期了。 Presentation 延续性动词与非延续性动词 ③ 非延续性动词转化为“be+介词(短语)”或“be+名词”,如: come/go/join/arrive →be in/at join the army→be a soldier Jim came to China ten years ago. →Jim has been in China for ten years.吉姆来中国 10年了。 Presentation 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时 动作完成 强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响,常与just,already,yet等词连用，谓语动词用非延续性动词 强调到现在为止的生活经历，常与never,ever,once:twice 等词连用，谓语动词用延续性动词 动作未完成 表示动作或状态从过去延续到现在，并可能继续发生，常与 for/since引导的时间状语连用，谓语动词为延续性动词 一般过去时 动作已结束 表示过去某时间点或某时间段内发生的动作，常与过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday,last year,in 2014等 表示过去的习惯性动作，可与频度副词搭配使用 03 Production Production Complete the news article with for, since and the correct form of the words in brackets. Most people hope to receive birthday gifts,But jimmy Teng, or “Uncle Jimmy", doesthings differently The 74-year-old has sold ice creams the past 17 years in Singapore Every year, on 22 March- his birthday- he (offer) free ice creams. He has done this his 70th birthday. This year, Uncle Jimmy plans to give away 800 ice creams."People (be) quite stressed recently and l want to help," he said."Sharinghas made me feel happy the past four years. since offers since is for Production Complete the news article with for, since and the correct form of the words in brackets. He (enjoy) talking with his customers. Many of them havebecome his friends they first met. Some students helped himset up social media pages. He has made many friends online then. since enjoys since Production Work in pairs. Discuss your experience of sharing. Use the words from the reading passage and the Useful expressions to help you. 1. When did it happen? 2. What happened? 3. How did you feel about it? 4. What have you learnt from it? >Useful expressions ▶ have shared... with... for / since... ▶Sharing really brings... ▶Sharing has allowed / shown / taught me... ▶One day,... ▶How does sharing make you feel? ▶lt makes me feel... 04 Exercise Exercise 一、单项选择题。 1.To build a big shopping centre, they decided to       that old building. A.pick up B. write down C.knock down D.wake up 2.With its famous mountains, lakes, and towns, China has so much to       visitors around the world. A. miss B. offer C. leave D.protect 3. I advise you not to show anything       on the Internet because it may bring you problems. A.personal B. interesting C. different D. difficult C B A Exercise 4.There's a       in one of my shoes. Can you buy a new pair for me? A.zero B.hole C.key D.break 5. It's sad to know that the singer died, but her sweet       will be remembered by the world. A. noise B.voice C.sound D.shout 6.The famous table tennis player Wang Chuqin        8 men's singles championships in WTT events since 2022. A.won B.has won C.wins D.win B B B Exercise 7.---Why are you looking for May in a hurry? ---The boss is wondering where she        and how long she        there. A.has been;has been B.has gone;has gone C.has beenhas gone D.has gone;has been 8.---How long has Mr.White        Joan? ---I am not sure. Maybe they got married five years ago. A.married B. got married to C. been married with D.been married to D D Exercise 9. Half an hour       since the train         A. has passed;left B. has passed;has left C.passed;has left D.passed;left 10.The shop owner        stopped talking and his mouth was wide open like a big "O". It was the president! A.luckily B.suddenly C.politely D.recently A B Exercise 二、短文填空。 There is an old saying that says when in Rome（罗马），do as the Romans do. I learned the meaning of this when I stayed in Russia (1)         an exchange teacher. One day I invited some of my Chinese friends to a famous local (2)         in Moscow. My (3)          and I were excited from sightseeing and happy about our meeting. We had a lively chat until the waiter told me that we were being too（4）    ．We lowered（降低） our voices. But this didn't last long. The waiter (5)         over to us two more times with the same message.         bad an impression（印象）we must have left on the local people! In China, it's natural and important for a host to make a lively atmosphere（气氛）． as      restaurant     friends      loud/noisy      came      How     Exercise （7）        ，in Russia and Western countries， having a meal in a public place means you must keep your voice (8)        .You need to be (9)        to others. I felt bad about this. Even though we (10)        our best,it was very difficult to fight against habits.   However       low/down     polite       tried/did Thank you $$