UNIT 3 SECTION 5 LESSON 3-【创新教程】2025-2026学年高中英语选择性必修第一册五维课堂同步Word教案（北师大版2019）

SECTION Ⅴ　LESSON 3 [教材原文] Part 1 “This morning, it took me 40 minutes to go downtown. More roadworks on the A10！” “Oh really? It took me over an hour. There was an accident on the M11.” How often have you heard these conversations? How often do we get stuck in traffic jams? How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out, tired and angry? For many people, the answer is every day. But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially. Here are some figures about Britain： ·In the last 20 years, the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%. There are now 32 million cars. ·Over the last decade, an average of 2,500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents. ·Traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change, as car engines produce various types of greenhouse gases. ·Almost 30,000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution. ·Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution. Part 2 We know that cars are bad for us. But we all make excuses: “The buses are terrible”； “The trains are always late”； “I haven't got time to walk”. I'm talking about myself, too. To be frank, I'm addicted to my car. When I asked a friend working for a green­living organisation for advice about how to give up, she told me five things: ·Use your legs. In 2014, over 55% of car journeys were under eight kilometres. Instead of taking short car journeys, we could easily walk or cycle. Leg power can save your money, keep you fit and help you live longer. Regular exercise also cuts the risk of heart disease by 50%! ·Use public transport. Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars. Sometimes it can take a little bit longer, but so what? You can relax, read a book, talk to someone — who knows? ·Think before you go. Do you really have to go to that shopping centre on the other side of town? What about the shops around the corner? Before you get into your car, think about whether you really need to make that journey. ·Share cars. If you really have to use a car, share journeys with someone else. It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment. ·Take action! We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise, pollution and danger of traffic. There is. If your street is full of heavy traffic, talk to your neighbours about it. Write to the papers. Go to the city government. Ask for a speed limit. Do whichever of these things that suit you. Don't just sit around and complain! All quite simple, isn't it? Five easy ways to improve our environment. Well, I'm sorry I have to finish this article, but I've got to pick up my daughter from school at 4 p．m. Then I've got to drive to the supermarket to do the shopping. After that, I have to take my son to a party. The traffic is going to be horrible, but what can I do? [汉语译文] 第1部分 “今天早上，我花了40分钟去市中心。A10公路上的很多地方在施工！” “真的吗？我花了一个多小时。 M11公路上发生了一起事故。” 这样的谈话你多久听到一次？有多少次我们碰到交通阻塞而动弹不得？又有多少次，当我们抵达工作地点或者学校时感到心力交瘁、心烦气躁呢？对很多人来说，答案是每天。但是和真正的社会损失相比，个人的愤怒和焦虑根本不值一提。以下是一些关于英国的数据： •在过去的20年里，道路上的汽车数量增加了25%。现在有3 200万辆汽车。 •在过去10年中，每年平均有2,500人死于交通事故。 •交通是造成全球变暖和气候变化的主要原因之一，因为汽车发动机会产生各类温室气体。 •每年有近3万人死于空气污染。 •多种癌症与交通污染有关。 第2部分 我们知道汽车给我们带来的危害，但总能找到借口：“公共汽车很糟糕”；“火车总是晚点”；“我没有时间走路”。我说的也包括我自己。坦率地说，我离不开车。当我向在绿色生活组织工作的一个朋友询问如何放弃汽车时，她给出了五条建议： ·走路。 2014年，超过55%的汽车行程不到8公里。我们可以很容易地用走路或骑行来代替短途的开车出行。利用脚力行走可以省钱，保持健康并帮助你延长寿命。定期的锻炼也能降低 50%患心脏病的风险！ ·使用公共交通工具。一辆公共汽车最多可以乘坐90人，而这些人乘坐小轿车至少需要18辆车。有时坐公共汽车可能需要更长的时间，但那又怎样？你可以放松一下、读一本书、和别人交谈——谁知道呢？ ·出发之前先想想。你真的要去镇上另一边的那个购物中心吗？拐角处的商店怎么样？在上车之前，想想你是否真的需要开车去那个地方。 ·共享汽车。如果你不得不用车，与其他人共用一辆车。这样更便宜，也更环保。 ·采取行动！我们经常觉得面对噪音、污染和交通危险，自己无能为力。其实可以有所为。如果你所在的那条街交通繁忙，去和邻居们谈谈。给报纸(一类的媒体)写信(反映)。去市政府。申请设置限速。做这些事情中任何一件适合你的。别光坐在那里抱怨！ 这些都很简单，不是吗？五种简单的方法就可以改善我们的环境。好吧，很抱歉我要结束这篇文章了，因为下午4点我得去学校接女儿。然后开车去超市购物。之后还得带儿子去参加一个派对。交通状况将会非常糟，但我能怎么办呢？ [重点词汇] ●基础单词 1. stuck adj.卡住的，无法移动的 2. jam n．拥挤，堵塞；果酱 3. roadworks n．道路施工 4. decade n．十年，十年期 5. gas n．气，气体 6. cancer n．癌症 ●拓展单词 1. destruction n．破坏，毁坏→destroy v．破坏，毁坏→destroyer n．破坏者，毁坏者 2. annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的→annoy v．使烦恼；使生气→annoyance n．烦恼，生气 3. anger n．愤怒；怒气→angry adj.愤怒的；生气的→angrily adv.愤怒地，生气地 4. relate vi.相联系，有关联→relation n．联系，关联 →relative n．亲戚 adj.相对的 5. regular adj.定期的，有规律的→regularly adv.定期地，有规律地 6. suit vt.适合n.套装→suitable adj.合适的 [核心短语] 1. traffic jam 　交通堵塞 2. stressed out 焦虑的 3. be related to 和……有关联 [框架句型] 1．it takes sb.some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人多少时间” This morning, it took me 40 minutes to go downtown. 今天早上，我花了40分钟去市中心。 2．over the last ...用于现在完成时 Over the last decade, an average of 2,500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents. 在过去的10年里，每年平均有2,500人死于交通事故。 3．独立结构 To be frank, I'm addicted to my car. 坦率地说，我离不开车。 4．so what? Sometimes it can take a little bit longer, but so what? 有时坐公共汽车可能需要更长的时间，但那又怎样？ Ⅰ.Read the text (Part 1) fast and judge the following statements TRUE or FALSE. 1．People always get stuck in traffic jams every day.(　　) 2．Twenty years ago, there were 32 million cars on the road in Britain.(　　) 3．2,500 people die every year in vehicle accidents in the world on average.(　　) 4．Air pollution and cancer are related to traffic.(　　) 答案：1～4　TFFT Ⅱ.Read the text (Part 2) carefully and choose the best answer. 1．Why does the writer mention the excuses in the first paragraph? A．To show us that cars are bad for us. B．To find the cause of being late. C．To give a reason for using cars. D．To complain the traffic jams. 2．What's the advantage of taking public transport? A．Saving your time. B．Helping you live longer. C．Keeping you fit. D．Relaxing yourself. 3．What does the writer advise us to do? A．Use our head. B．Buy public transport. C．Drive your car alone. D．Avoid long journeys. 4．What can we infer about the writer from the last paragraph? A．He can't go without cars. B．He has a beautiful daughter. C．He give his son a busy schedule. D．He will take action immediately. 答案：1～4　CDDA [核心词汇] 1．annoyed adj.烦恼的，生气的 (1)be annoyed with sb.生某人的气 be annoyed at/about sth.因为某事生气 (2)annoy vt.使不悦；惹恼；打扰 (3)annoying adj.恼人的；讨厌的(多修饰物) ◆[经典佳句] His mother was annoyed with him for being so rude to their neighbors. 他的母亲因为他对邻居如此粗暴无礼而生他的气。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging，or we think it's annoying (annoy) and unnecessary. ②The children wouldn't stop talking, so I was beginning to get annoyed (annoy) with them. ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 句式升级 ③ It annoyed me most that the shoes I bought from your store were very dirty. → What annoyed me most was that the shoes I bought from your store were very dirty.(主语从句) 2．stressed out焦虑的 (1)stress n．压力 v．强调；重读 under stress在压力下 lay/place/put stress on/upon ... 对……施压(产生压力)；强调……的重要性 stress the importance of ... 强调……的重要性 (2)stressful adj.压力重的(指物) (3)stressed adj.有压力的(指人) ◆[经典佳句] Those who are stressed out are often nervous, angry or ill. 凡是焦虑的人经常会紧张、生气或生病。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Most doctors and nurses live under stressful (stress) conditions. ②Nowadays more and more middle school students are getting stressed (stress) in their studies. ③He laid particular stress on/upon the need for discipline. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ④People under a lot of stress may experience headaches and sleeping difficulties. That's why we need to relax ourselves at times. 人们在众多压力下可能会头疼、失眠。那就是为什么我们有时需要放松自己。 ⑤The importance of cooperation or teamwork during basketball games cannot be stressed enough . 篮球比赛中团队协作的重要性再怎么强调也不为过。 3．relate vi.相联系，有关联 (1)relate to与……有关；涉及 relate A to/with B把A和B联系起来 be related to与……有联系的 relate to sb./sth.能理解/同情某人/某物 (2)relative adj.相比较而言的；相关联的 n．亲属，亲戚 (3)relatively adv.相对地，相当地 (4)relationship n．关系 (5)relation n．关系；亲属 have relation to/with和……有关 in relation to就……而论；和……联系起来看 ◆[经典佳句] In fact, traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order. 事实上，交通规则是与公共秩序密切相关的规章制度的一部分。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①It is considerate of you to call on your relatives (relate) from time to time. ②If time permits，I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can have a better relationship (relate)． ③Lack of exercise is also a risk factor for heart disease but it's relatively (relative) small when compared with the others. ④It is required that the composition (should) be related (relate) to the students' life. ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ⑤His fear of people is closely related to his unhappy childhood. 他对人的恐惧和他不幸的童年有着密切的关系。 ⑥In fact, we can relate all these traffic accidents to/with careless driving. 实际上，我们可以把所有这些交通事故和粗心驾驶联系起来。 4．suit vt.适合 n．套装 (1)suit sth. to sb./sth.使某事适合于某人/某物 (2)suitable adj.合适的，适当的 be suitable for...适合…… be suitable to do sth.适合做某事 (3)suited adj.合适的；般配的 be suited to ... 适合于…… ◆[经典佳句] This hot weather doesn't suit me. 天这么热，我真受不了。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade. ②Many of the fish caught for sport are not suitable (suit) for eating，so they are thrown away. ③Mr.Smith decided that he was not suited (suit) to the life in a small town, so he returned to the city. ④A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of his pupils. ◆[“四翼”考查]——创新性 一句多译 他适合做这份志愿的工作。 ⑤ He is suitable for the voluntary work . ⑥ He is suitable to do the voluntary work . [重点句型] 1．(教材P58)In the last 20 years, the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%. 在过去的20年里，道路上的汽车数量增加了25%。 [句式结构]　in the last ...表示“从过去开始起到现在的一段时间”，常用于现在完成时。有类似用法的还有for/over/during the last/past＋时间段。 ◆[规律总结] 有下列情况时，谓语动词常采用现在完成时或现在完成进行时： (1)有for/over/during the last/past＋时间段作状语时。 (2)有so far/forth，up to now/by now/recently等作状语时。 (3)有since＋过去时间作状语时。 ◆[经典佳句] The price of houses has doubled over the past few years. 房价这几年来涨了一倍。 ◆[误区规避]　语法填空： Our monitor ________ (read)since he came to the library after supper. (可能失误)read或was reading (正确表达)has been reading (错误分析)since引导的时间状语，主句谓语动词要使用现在完成(进行)时。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——基础性 单句语法填空 ①Over the years，there have been (be) a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. ②In the past few years, a large number of films have been produced (produce) all over the world. 2．(教材P59)To be frank, I'm addicted to my car. 坦率地说，我离不开车。 [句式结构]　句中To be frank意为“坦白地说，坦率地说”，是一种非谓语独立结构作状语，不论其逻辑主语是什么，其形式永远不变。 ◆[规律总结] 常见作状语的独立结构有： (1)现在分词类：honestly/personally/generally/strictly speaking, judging from/by, taking everything into account, considering that, seeing that, assuming that, supposing, talking of, including等。 (2)过去分词类：given, provided (＝providing), compared to/with等。如： Given another chance, he will surely succeed. 如果再有一次机会的话，他肯定会成功的。 (3)不定式类：to tell (you) the truth, to be honest (frank, exact ...), to sum up, to make the story short, to make things worse, to begin with (start with)等。 ◆[经典佳句] To be frank, many mistakes we made could have been avoided if we had been more careful. 坦率地说，如果我们更细心一些，我们所犯的许多错误是可以避免的。 ◆[误区规避]　语法填空： __________ (judge) from his clothes，he must work in a factory. (可能失误)Judged (正确表达)Judging (错误分析)judging from/by 属于独立结构，与逻辑主语没有任何关系，永远使用此形式。 ◆[“四翼”考查]——应用性 完成句子 ① Considering that it is handmade, the price seems reasonable. 考虑到它是手工制成的，价格还算合理。 ② Talking of travel, have you ever been to New York? 谈到旅行，你去过纽约吗？ ③ Frankly speaking, I'd rather you didn't do anything about it for the time being. 坦白地说，我宁愿你现在对此事什么也不要做。 ④ Compared with her achievements, her shortcomings are, after all, only secondary. 同她的成就相比，她的缺点毕竟是次要的。 ⑤ To make matters/things worse, it started to snow when evening came. 更糟糕的是，夜幕降临时，天开始下雪了。 ⑥ Judging from his past performances, he is not likely to do very well in this exam. 从他过去的表现来判断，他在这次考试中不可能表现得太好。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$